/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
主题十一 灾害防范与自我保护
[2024·重庆一模]
Natural disasters ， such as earthquakes ， rainstorms and strong winds ， usually make a big difference to human life. They not only cause property（财产） loss but also take away people ’s lives.
Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st ， 2024 ， strong winds hit Nanchang ， Jiangxi Province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home ， causing their deaths. What ’s worse ， more than 1 ，600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funneling（狭管效应）.
When the earthquake happens ， the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations ， buildings may even fall down and people will be buried. Recently ， in Taiwan ， the most powerful earthquake in a quarter century rocked the island on April 3rd. At least nine people were killed and hundreds of people were injured.
Another example is rainstorms . They can cause floods and inundate many places. Dubai（迪拜） lies on the coast of Persian Gulf and in the northeast of the U.A.E.（阿联酋） with a long and beautiful coastline. It doesn ’t rain a lot. But on April 16th ， a big rainstorm hit Dubai. It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a whole year ’s worth of rain. The heavy rain flooded roads ， shopping malls ， and even airports ， causing a lot of damage.
To better deal with natural disasters ， we need to make our disaster prevention ， mitigation ， and relief coordination system（防灾救灾机制） better. Also ， people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters . But most importantly ， we should realize that we are not the master of nature ， we need to be humble and respect it.
理清结构和主旨
主题探究练习
1.[细节归纳] How does the writer develop Para.2？ A.Opinion—Fact—Reason
B.Fact—Solution—Opinion C.Opinion—Reason—Fact D.Fact—Opinion—Solution
2. [细节理解]In which of the following sentences can we fill the underlined word “humble ”？
A.Smoking is a __________danger to health.
B.Though he made a lot of achievements ， he still kept _________.
C.Her most __________habit was eating with her mouth open.
D.The problems are so _________that we need to solve them at once.
1－2 AB__
一、完形填空[2024·铁岭一模]
This is a story about a storm in Moscow. It happened several years ago. It was my first time that I had seen such a 1 storm.
It was a sunny day in July ， and I was at home watching TV. The window was open 2 the weather was so hot. Suddenly ， I felt a strong 3 from outside. I looked out of the window and saw a black sky and trees 4 over because of the strong wind. I tried to 5 the window ， but the wind made me fall down. I was afraid that the glass might 6 . I stood up and tried to close the window again. 7 , I made it.
Then I looked outside. I 8 that the big tree in front of my house was going to fall to the ground.It was terrible. And its 9 had fallen down quickly. There was frequent（频繁的） thunder and lightning. I started to 10 all the appliances（电 器） as quickly as possible.
After a while ， the wind stopped ， but it began to hail（下冰雹）. After about ten minutes ， 11 stopped ， and the sun came out again . How 12 the weather was！ A few minutes later ， the phone began to ring. It was my friend. We asked each other how it was and how we felt after the storm.
In the streets ， many trees died because of the 13 . For a few days ， people helped clean parks and gardens. Some people ’s cars were damaged by trees ’ falling branches on them. The 14 tells me that in the face of natural disasters ， human beings are insignificant（微不足道的）. We can ’t stop them ， but we must protect 15 from them.
1.A.terrible B.little C.gentle D.common
2.A.so B.because C.but D.though
3.A.rain B.snow C.wind D.storm
4.A.coming B.taking C.blowing D.getting
5.A.open B.clean C.change D.close
6.A.die B.break C.turn D.fly
7.A.Luckily B.Recently C.Loudly D.Probably
8.A.thought B.believed C.guessed D.found
9.A.patterns B.leaves C.tools D.signs
10.A.switch off B.turn on C.turn down D.pick up
11.A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything
12.A.hard B.similar C.usual D.strange
13.A.trick B.accident C.storm D.fire
14.A.expression B.experience C.challenge D.exchange
15.A.yourself B.themselves C.ourselves D.himself
1－5 ABCCD__ 6－10 _BADBA _ 11－15 ADCBC _
二、阅读理解[2024·眉山]
On average（平均）， firefighters get a fire call every 24 seconds in the US. Every 87 seconds ， a home fire happens . Just between January 1st ， 2019 and January 1st ， 2024 ， there were 11 ，180 home fire deaths in the country. But the best escape time for a fire is just three minutes or less . So everyone should pay attention to fire safety at home.
To avoid starting a fire ， we must know common causes. Cooking tools are the number－one cause of home fires. Be especially careful when using them. Never leave the kitchen while cooking and make sure the tools are completely off after cooking. Electrical appliances（电器） can lead to a fire ， so check them often to make sure they are working properly. Smoking is another common cause of house fires. It ’s never a good idea to smoke indoors ， so take a few steps to go out. Last ， don ’t forget little kids. They usually find fire exciting and think of fire as a toy. So keep them away from fire and teach them about dangers of fire.
How can we prevent home fires？ The following tips may help.
Get smoke alarms
The first step is to install（安装） enough smoke alarms through your home. Get one in every room.
Prepare fire extinguishers（灭火器）
Keep fire extinguishers available at home. They can put out small fires. Check them often to make sure they work properly.
Create a plan for escape
A good plan should start with two escape ways from every room. Then know how fast your family can run ， tell kids when and how to get out ， and make a house map with all doors and windows. At last ， choose a meeting place outside. And don ’t forget to practice it often with every family member.
You might think that these fire safety tips are common sense. However ， it ’s difficult to think of them especially when you ’re in a life－and－death moment. Take action with the tips and never take fire safety lightly at home.
1.[写作手法]How does the writer start the passage？
A.By asking a question.
B.By introducing the causes.
C.By telling a story.
D.By listing some numbers.
2.What cause（s） the most home fires？
A.Cooking tools.
B.Electrical appliances.
C.Smoking indoors.
D.Not having smoke alarms.
4.[最佳标题]Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？
A.Plans for Escape from Fire B.Fire Safety at Home
C.Common Sense about Fire
D.Risks in Living Places
1－4 DACB____
三、短文填空（每空一词） [2024·晋中一模]
together pollute burn lucky which difficult send close we spend
The forest fires began on March 23rd in Northern Thailand. The fires caused serious air 1. pollution ___ in several parts of Northern Thailand. And no rain and hot weather made the situation more terrible. According to a park worker ， they had 2. difficulty____ putting out forest fires ， because there were some materials which can 3.____burn _____ easily and strong winds blew across firebreaks.
At the same time ， about 3 ，000 officials and soldiers were 4. sent ______ to fight against the fires . Plenty of water was dropped to stop the heavy fire 5.__which ______ had burned for a week in Doi Suthep Pui National Park. Soldiers and officials 6.___spent _______ 14 hours a day keeping the fire under control. Helicopters from Environment Ministry and Interior Ministry have been dropping water on fires ，while drones （无人机） were being used to discover new fires.7. Luckily____ ， the fires were controlled finally.
Facing the unexpected natural disaster ， what we have to do firstly is to learn how to protect 8.___ourselves___. And always remember to pull 9. together ___ to overcome the disaster. Although it broke many things apart ， it brought people 10.____closer ____ together.
素材积累
语篇研读&语篇精练
make a big difference to…对……有很大影响
be injured受伤
cause property loss造成财产损失
take away people ’s lives夺走人们的生命
in serious situations在严重的情况下
fall down倒塌
deal with natural disasters应对自然灾害
be humble谦虚
pay attention to…注意……
make sure确保
课外素材
warn sb. about sth.警告某人注意某事
be careful of… 小心……
hide under a table 躲在桌子下面
stay away from 远离
had better do sth.最好做某事
keep calm 保持冷静
be helpful 乐于助人
follow the advice 听从建议
佳句积累仿写
1.They not only cause property loss but also take away people ’s lives.（选自语篇
研读）
仿写：在地震中，你不仅要确保自己足够安全，而且如果可能的话要向他人 提供帮助。
In an_earthquake_，_ you should not only make sure_you _’re_safe enough_，but____ also _offe_r help to others_i_fpossibl_e_.______________________________________
2.It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a whole year ’s worth of rain. ( 选自语篇研读）
仿写：地震发生得太突然了，以至于没有人有足够的时间离开大楼。
The_earthquake happened so suddenly that no_one had enough time to_leave______ the building.___________
3.People should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters.（选 自语篇研读）
仿写：当地震发生时，你应该学会冷静下来。
You should learn to calm down when an earthquake happens.
4.Never leave the kitchen while cooking and make sure the tools are completely off after cooking.（选自语篇精练二）
仿写：工作时，切勿将孩子独自留在家中，并确保他们足够安全。
Never leave your kids at home alone while_working and make sure they are______ safe enough_.__________________________________
课外句子积累
Ⅰ.开头句
1.An earthquake is terrible. However ， if you take action properly ， your life can be saved.
2.The following is what you can do at school during an earthquake.
3.The earthquake is one of the biggest disasters for people living on the earth.
4.It is quite important for us to know how to keep ourselves safe during an earthquake.
Ⅱ.中间句
1.First ， be sure to stay calm and do everything the teacher tells you.
2.If you are in class ， take cover under a desk quickly.
3.Don ’t move until the floor stops shaking.
4.It ’s safer to move when the ground stops shaking.
5.Don ’t stand near high buildings that may fall down and don ’t jump off the building.
6.In the mountains ， be careful of falling rocks.
Ⅲ.结尾句
1.Above all ， think about what you have learned in school and try to help others and save lives.
2.All in all ， keep yourself safe and do everything to protect yourself.
3.So start to have a sense of protecting yourself from now on.
4.Life is only once ， try your best to cherish it.
完成分步写作
[2024·聊城三模]自然灾害时有发生，而且发生得很突然，很难预警。请你 以“What to Do in an Earthquake？”为题，根据以下提示写一篇主题报告，给同 学们提供一些地震逃生的建议。
室内 室外
*不要从高楼上跳下 *远离桥梁、树木、路灯或电线
*可以藏在桌下，要远离窗户、沉重的家具 *在车里时，应待里面
*地面停止晃动时，要快速离开 *在山里时，要当心落石
另外，要保持冷静，勇敢而且也要乐于助人。
【思路点拨】
谋篇布局：本文是一篇说明文。要求学生根据表格中的提示，以“What to Do in an Earthquake？”为题写一篇主题报告，给同学们提供一些地震逃生的建议 。结合表格可知，我们可以分成三段完成作文。第一段：指出地震的突发性及 难以预测性。第二段：结合表格提示，从室内及室外两方面提出自己的建议。 第三段：呼吁大家听从建议，确保自身安全并帮助他人。
审题：1.人称：_第一_人_称__ ；2.时态：一般现在时；3.文体： 说明文___
【写作导图】
【规范写作】
What to Do in an Earthquake？
Earthquakes always happen suddenly ， so it is difficult to warn people about them. Here is some advice for you to keep safe.
When you ’re inside ， you mustn ’t jump out of high buildings. You can hide under a table. And you should stay away from windows and heavy furniture. You ’d better leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. But don ’t use the lifts.When you are outside ， you ’d better keep away from bridges ， trees ， street lights or power lines. When you ’re in a car or bus ， you should stay in it. When
you are in the mountains ， you should be careful of falling rocks. What ’s more， you must keep calm ， be brave and be helpful.
If you follow the advice ， you can be safe and help save others.
写作实战练兵
[2024·漯河一模]雪可以给我们带来快乐，但同时我们也应该懂得如何在暴 雪天气保护自己。请你结合下面图示信息，以“How to Protect Ourselves During the Heavy Snow ”为题，根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，向校刊的英语专栏 投稿。
写作要求：1.文中须包含上图提示的所有信息，可适当发挥；
2.文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；
3.词数 100 左右。
参考词汇：billboard广告牌；cleats 防滑鞋
How to Protect Ourselves During the Heavy Snow
It is quite normal to have heavy snow in winter. However ， when there is heavy snow ， it is also very dangerous ， such as falling down and so on.
How to protect ourselves during the heavy snow？ Here are some suggestions.
First ， stay away from snow－covered trees and billboards because they can fall and hurt people. Second ， it is best to wear cleats to avoid falling down. Third ， we had better not go out. If we have to go out ， we must pay attention to safety. Also ， we must be careful of holes under the snow.
Snow can bring us happiness if we learn to protect ourselves.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共41张PPT)
中考英语
二轮复习课件
人教版
人与自然
第三篇 主题读写
2025年中考英语二轮复习（语法突破+题型训练+主题读写）
主题十一 灾害防范与自我保护
[2024·重庆一模]
Natural disasters， such as earthquakes， rainstorms and strong winds， usually make a big difference to human life. They not only cause property（财产） loss but also take away people’s lives.
Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st， 2024， strong winds hit Nanchang， Jiangxi Province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home， causing their deaths. What’s worse， more than 1，600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funneling（狭管效应）.
When the earthquake happens， the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations， buildings may even fall down and people will be buried. Recently， in Taiwan， the most powerful earthquake in a quarter century rocked the island on April 3rd. At least nine people were killed and hundreds of people were injured.
Another example is rainstorms. They can cause floods and inundate many places. Dubai（迪拜） lies on the coast of Persian Gulf and in the northeast of the U.A.E.（阿联酋） with a long and beautiful coastline. It doesn’t rain a lot. But on April 16th， a big rainstorm hit Dubai. It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a whole year’s worth of rain. The heavy rain flooded roads， shopping malls， and even airports， causing a lot of damage.
To better deal with natural disasters， we need to make our disaster prevention， mitigation， and relief coordination system（防灾救灾机制） better. Also， people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters. But most importantly， we should realize that we are not the master of nature， we need to be humble and respect it.
理清结构和主旨
主题探究练习
1.[细节归纳] How does the writer develop Para.2？
A.Opinion—Fact—Reason
B.Fact—Solution—Opinion
C.Opinion—Reason—Fact
D.Fact—Opinion—Solution
2.[细节理解]In which of the following sentences can we fill the underlined word “humble”？
A.Smoking is a __________danger to health.
B.Though he made a lot of achievements， he still kept _________.
C.Her most __________habit was eating with her mouth open.
D.The problems are so _________that we need to solve them at once.
1－2 ______
AB
一、完形填空[2024·铁岭一模]
This is a story about a storm in Moscow. It happened several years ago. It was my first time that I had seen such a 1 storm.
It was a sunny day in July， and I was at home watching TV. The window was open 2 the weather was so hot. Suddenly， I felt a strong 3 from outside. I looked out of the window and saw a black sky and trees 4 over because of the strong wind. I tried to 5 the window， but the wind made me fall down. I was afraid that the glass might 6 . I stood up and tried to close the window again. 7 ， I made it.
Then I looked outside. I 8 that the big tree in front of my house was going to fall to the ground.It was terrible. And its 9 had fallen down quickly. There was frequent（频繁的） thunder and lightning. I started to 10 all the appliances（电器） as quickly as possible.
After a while， the wind stopped， but it began to hail（下冰雹）. After about ten minutes， 11 stopped， and the sun came out again. How 12 the weather was！ A few minutes later， the phone began to ring. It was my friend. We asked each other how it was and how we felt after the storm.
In the streets， many trees died because of the 13 . For a few days， people helped clean parks and gardens. Some people’s cars were damaged by trees’ falling branches on them. The 14 tells me that in the face of natural disasters， human beings are insignificant（微不足道的）. We can’t stop them， but we must protect 15 from them.
1.A.terrible B.little C.gentle D.common
2.A.so B.because C.but D.though
3.A.rain B.snow C.wind D.storm
4.A.coming B.taking C.blowing D.getting
5.A.open B.clean C.change D.close
6.A.die B.break C.turn D.fly
7.A.Luckily B.Recently C.Loudly D.Probably
8.A.thought B.believed C.guessed D.found
9.A.patterns B.leaves C.tools D.signs
10.A.switch off B.turn on C.turn down D.pick up
11.A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything
12.A.hard B.similar C.usual D.strange
13.A.trick B.accident C.storm D.fire
14.A.expression B.experience C.challenge D.exchange
15.A.yourself B.themselves C.ourselves D.himself
1－5 __________ 6－10 _________ 11－15 _________
ABCCD
BADBA
ADCBC
二、阅读理解[2024·眉山]
On average（平均）， firefighters get a fire call every 24 seconds in the US. Every 87 seconds， a home fire happens. Just between January 1st， 2019 and January 1st， 2024， there were 11，180 home fire deaths in the country. But the best escape time for a fire is just three minutes or less. So everyone should pay attention to fire safety at home.
To avoid starting a fire， we must know common causes. Cooking tools are the number－one cause of home fires. Be especially careful when using them. Never leave the kitchen while cooking and make sure the tools are completely off after cooking. Electrical appliances（电器） can lead to a fire， so check them often to make sure they are working properly. Smoking is another common cause of house fires. It’s never a good idea to smoke indoors， so take a few steps to go out. Last， don’t forget little kids. They usually find fire exciting and think of fire as a toy. So keep them away from fire and teach them about dangers of fire.
How can we prevent home fires？ The following tips may help.
Get smoke alarms
The first step is to install（安装） enough smoke alarms through your home. Get one in every room.
Prepare fire extinguishers（灭火器）
Keep fire extinguishers available at home. They can put out small fires. Check them often to make sure they work properly.
Create a plan for escape
A good plan should start with two escape ways from every room. Then know how fast your family can run， tell kids when and how to get out， and make a house map with all doors and windows. At last， choose a meeting place outside. And don’t forget to practice it often with every family member.
You might think that these fire safety tips are common sense. However， it’s difficult to think of them especially when you’re in a life－and－death moment. Take action with the tips and never take fire safety lightly at home.
1.[写作手法]How does the writer start the passage？
A.By asking a question.
B.By introducing the causes.
C.By telling a story.
D.By listing some numbers.
2.What cause（s） the most home fires？
A.Cooking tools.
B.Electrical appliances.
C.Smoking indoors.
D.Not having smoke alarms.
4.[最佳标题]Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？
A.Plans for Escape from Fire
B.Fire Safety at Home
C.Common Sense about Fire
D.Risks in Living Places
1－4 ____________
DACB
三、短文填空（每空一词）[2024·晋中一模]
together pollute burn lucky which
difficult send close we spend
The forest fires began on March 23rd in Northern Thailand. The fires caused serious air 1._____________ in several parts of Northern Thailand. And no rain and hot weather made the situation more terrible. According to a park worker， they had 2._____________ putting out forest fires， because there were some materials which can 3._____________ easily and strong winds blew across firebreaks.
pollution
difficulty
burn
At the same time， about 3，000 officials and soldiers were 4._____________ to fight against the fires. Plenty of water was dropped to stop the heavy fire 5._____________ had burned for a week in Doi Suthep Pui National Park. Soldiers and officials 6._____________ 14 hours a day keeping the fire under control. Helicopters from Environment Ministry and Interior Ministry have been dropping water on fires，while drones（无人机） were being used to discover new fires.7._____________， the fires were controlled finally.
sent
which
spent
Luckily
Facing the unexpected natural disaster， what we have to do firstly is to learn how to protect 8._____________. And always remember to pull 9._____________ to overcome the disaster. Although it broke many things apart， it brought people 10._____________ together.
ourselves
together
closer
素材积累
语篇研读&语篇精练
make a big difference to…对……有很大影响 be injured受伤
cause property loss造成财产损失 deal with natural disasters应对自然灾害
take away people’s lives夺走人们的生命 be humble谦虚
in serious situations在严重的情况下 pay attention to…注意……
fall down倒塌 make sure确保
课外素材
warn sb. about sth.警告某人注意某事 be careful of… 小心……
hide under a table 躲在桌子下面 keep calm 保持冷静
stay away from 远离 be helpful 乐于助人
had better do sth.最好做某事 follow the advice 听从建议
佳句积累仿写
1.They not only cause property loss but also take away people’s lives.（选自语篇研读）
仿写：在地震中，你不仅要确保自己足够安全，而且如果可能的话要向他人提供帮助。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In an earthquake， you should not only make sure you’re safe enough， but also offer help to others if possible.
2.It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a whole year’s worth of rain.（选自语篇研读）
仿写：地震发生得太突然了，以至于没有人有足够的时间离开大楼。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3.People should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters.（选自语篇研读）
仿写：当地震发生时，你应该学会冷静下来。
__________________________________________________________
The earthquake happened so suddenly that no one had enough time to leave the building.
You should learn to calm down when an earthquake happens.
4.Never leave the kitchen while cooking and make sure the tools are completely off after cooking.（选自语篇精练二）
仿写：工作时，切勿将孩子独自留在家中，并确保他们足够安全。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Never leave your kids at home alone while working and make sure they are safe enough.
课外句子积累
Ⅰ.开头句
1.An earthquake is terrible. However， if you take action properly， your life can be saved.
2.The following is what you can do at school during an earthquake.
3.The earthquake is one of the biggest disasters for people living on the earth.
4.It is quite important for us to know how to keep ourselves safe during an earthquake.
Ⅱ.中间句
1.First， be sure to stay calm and do everything the teacher tells you.
2.If you are in class， take cover under a desk quickly.
3.Don’t move until the floor stops shaking.
4.It’s safer to move when the ground stops shaking.
5.Don’t stand near high buildings that may fall down and don’t jump off the building.
6.In the mountains， be careful of falling rocks.
Ⅲ.结尾句
1.Above all， think about what you have learned in school and try to help others and save lives.
2.All in all， keep yourself safe and do everything to protect yourself.
3.So start to have a sense of protecting yourself from now on.
4.Life is only once， try your best to cherish it.
完成分步写作
[2024·聊城三模]自然灾害时有发生，而且发生得很突然，很难预警。请你以“What to Do in an Earthquake？”为题，根据以下提示写一篇主题报告，给同学们提供一些地震逃生的建议。
室内 室外
*不要从高楼上跳下 *远离桥梁、树木、路灯或电线
*可以藏在桌下，要远离窗户、沉重的家具 *在车里时，应待里面
*地面停止晃动时，要快速离开 *在山里时，要当心落石
另外，要保持冷静，勇敢而且也要乐于助人。 【思路点拨】
谋篇布局：本文是一篇说明文。要求学生根据表格中的提示，以“What to Do in an Earthquake？”为题写一篇主题报告，给同学们提供一些地震逃生的建议。结合表格可知，我们可以分成三段完成作文。第一段：指出地震的突发性及难以预测性。第二段：结合表格提示，从室内及室外两方面提出自己的建议。第三段：呼吁大家听从建议，确保自身安全并帮助他人。
审题：1.人称：__________；2.时态：_________；3.文体：__________
第一人称
一般现在时
说明文
【写作导图】
【规范写作】
Earthquakes always happen suddenly， so it is difficult to warn people about them. Here is some advice for you to keep safe.
When you’re inside， you mustn’t jump out of high buildings. You can hide under a table. And you should stay away from windows and heavy furniture. You’d better leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. But don’t use the lifts.When you are outside， you’d better keep away from bridges， trees， street lights or power lines. When you’re in a car or bus， you should stay in it. When you are in the mountains， you should be careful of falling rocks. What’s more， you must keep calm， be brave and be helpful.
If you follow the advice， you can be safe and help save others.
What to Do in an Earthquake？
写作实战练兵
[2024·漯河一模]雪可以给我们带来快乐，但同时我们也应该懂得如何在暴雪天气保护自己。请你结合下面图示信息，以“How to Protect Ourselves During the Heavy Snow”为题，根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，向校刊的英语专栏投稿。
写作要求：1.文中须包含上图提示的所有信息，可适当发挥；
2.文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；
3.词数 100 左右。
参考词汇：billboard广告牌；cleats 防滑鞋
How to Protect Ourselves During the Heavy Snow
It is quite normal to have heavy snow in winter. However， when there is heavy snow， it is also very dangerous， such as falling down and so on.
How to protect ourselves during the heavy snow？ Here are some suggestions. First， stay away from snow－covered trees and billboards because they can fall and hurt people. Second， it is best to wear cleats to avoid falling down. Third， we had better not go out. If we have to go out， we must pay attention to safety. Also， we must be careful of holes under the snow.
Snow can bring us happiness if we learn to protect ourselves.
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
兼职招聘：
https://www.21cnjy.com/recruitment/home/admin/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
主题十一 灾害防范与自我保护
[2024·重庆一模]
Natural disasters ， such as earthquakes ， rainstorms and strong winds ， usually make a big difference to human life. They not only cause property（财产） loss but also take away people ’s lives.
Strong winds can be very terrible. On March 31st ， 2024 ， strong winds hit Nanchang ， Jiangxi Province. The strong winds broke the windows into pieces and blew off three people sleeping at home ， causing their deaths. What ’s worse ， more than 1 ，600 trees were blown down overnight. This deadly disaster was mainly caused by funneling（狭管效应）.
When the earthquake happens ， the ground and buildings will shake terribly. In serious situations ， buildings may even fall down and people will be buried. Recently ， in Taiwan ， the most powerful earthquake in a quarter century rocked the island on April 3rd. At least nine people were killed and hundreds of people were injured.
Another example is rainstorms . They can cause floods and inundate many places. Dubai（迪拜） lies on the coast of Persian Gulf and in the northeast of the U.A.E.（阿联酋） with a long and beautiful coastline. It doesn ’t rain a lot. But on April 16th ， a big rainstorm hit Dubai. It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a whole year ’s worth of rain. The heavy rain flooded roads ， shopping malls ， and even airports ， causing a lot of damage.
To better deal with natural disasters ， we need to make our disaster prevention ， mitigation ， and relief coordination system（防灾救灾机制） better. Also ， people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters . But most importantly ， we should realize that we are not the master of nature ， we need to be humble and respect it.
理清结构和主旨
主题探究练习
1.[细节归纳] How does the writer develop Para.2？ A.Opinion—Fact—Reason
B.Fact—Solution—Opinion C.Opinion—Reason—Fact D.Fact—Opinion—Solution
2. [细节理解]In which of the following sentences can we fill the underlined word “humble ”？
A.Smoking is a __________danger to health.
B.Though he made a lot of achievements ， he still kept _________.
C.Her most __________habit was eating with her mouth open.
D.The problems are so _________that we need to solve them at once.
1－2 AB__
一、完形填空[2024·铁岭一模]
This is a story about a storm in Moscow. It happened several years ago. It was my first time that I had seen such a 1 storm.
It was a sunny day in July ， and I was at home watching TV. The window was open 2 the weather was so hot. Suddenly ， I felt a strong 3 from outside. I looked out of the window and saw a black sky and trees 4 over because of the strong wind. I tried to 5 the window ， but the wind made me fall down. I was afraid that the glass might 6 . I stood up and tried to close the window again. 7 , I made it.
Then I looked outside. I 8 that the big tree in front of my house was going to fall to the ground.It was terrible. And its 9 had fallen down quickly. There was frequent（频繁的） thunder and lightning. I started to 10 all the appliances（电 器） as quickly as possible.
After a while ， the wind stopped ， but it began to hail（下冰雹）. After about ten minutes ， 11 stopped ， and the sun came out again . How 12 the weather was！ A few minutes later ， the phone began to ring. It was my friend. We asked each other how it was and how we felt after the storm.
In the streets ， many trees died because of the 13 . For a few days ， people helped clean parks and gardens. Some people ’s cars were damaged by trees ’ falling branches on them. The 14 tells me that in the face of natural disasters ， human beings are insignificant（微不足道的）. We can ’t stop them ， but we must protect 15 from them.
1.A.terrible B.little C.gentle D.common
2.A.so B.because C.but D.though
3.A.rain B.snow C.wind D.storm
4.A.coming B.taking C.blowing D.getting
5.A.open B.clean C.change D.close
6.A.die B.break C.turn D.fly
7.A.Luckily B.Recently C.Loudly D.Probably
8.A.thought B.believed C.guessed D.found
9.A.patterns B.leaves C.tools D.signs
10.A.switch off B.turn on C.turn down D.pick up
11.A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything
12.A.hard B.similar C.usual D.strange
13.A.trick B.accident C.storm D.fire
14.A.expression B.experience C.challenge D.exchange
15.A.yourself B.themselves C.ourselves D.himself
1－5 ABCCD__ 6－10 _BADBA _ 11－15 ADCBC _
二、阅读理解[2024·眉山]
On average（平均）， firefighters get a fire call every 24 seconds in the US. Every 87 seconds ， a home fire happens . Just between January 1st ， 2019 and January 1st ， 2024 ， there were 11 ，180 home fire deaths in the country. But the best escape time for a fire is just three minutes or less . So everyone should pay attention to fire safety at home.
To avoid starting a fire ， we must know common causes. Cooking tools are the number－one cause of home fires. Be especially careful when using them. Never leave the kitchen while cooking and make sure the tools are completely off after cooking. Electrical appliances（电器） can lead to a fire ， so check them often to make sure they are working properly. Smoking is another common cause of house fires. It ’s never a good idea to smoke indoors ， so take a few steps to go out. Last ， don ’t forget little kids. They usually find fire exciting and think of fire as a toy. So keep them away from fire and teach them about dangers of fire.
How can we prevent home fires？ The following tips may help.
Get smoke alarms
The first step is to install（安装） enough smoke alarms through your home. Get one in every room.
Prepare fire extinguishers（灭火器）
Keep fire extinguishers available at home. They can put out small fires. Check them often to make sure they work properly.
Create a plan for escape
A good plan should start with two escape ways from every room. Then know how fast your family can run ， tell kids when and how to get out ， and make a house map with all doors and windows. At last ， choose a meeting place outside. And don ’t forget to practice it often with every family member.
You might think that these fire safety tips are common sense. However ， it ’s difficult to think of them especially when you ’re in a life－and－death moment. Take action with the tips and never take fire safety lightly at home.
1.[写作手法]How does the writer start the passage？
A.By asking a question.
B.By introducing the causes.
C.By telling a story.
D.By listing some numbers.
2.What cause（s） the most home fires？
A.Cooking tools.
B.Electrical appliances.
C.Smoking indoors.
D.Not having smoke alarms.
4.[最佳标题]Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？
A.Plans for Escape from Fire B.Fire Safety at Home
C.Common Sense about Fire
D.Risks in Living Places
1－4 DACB____
三、短文填空（每空一词） [2024·晋中一模]
together pollute burn lucky which difficult send close we spend
The forest fires began on March 23rd in Northern Thailand. The fires caused serious air 1. pollution ___ in several parts of Northern Thailand. And no rain and hot weather made the situation more terrible. According to a park worker ， they had 2. difficulty____ putting out forest fires ， because there were some materials which can 3.____burn _____ easily and strong winds blew across firebreaks.
At the same time ， about 3 ，000 officials and soldiers were 4. sent ______ to fight against the fires . Plenty of water was dropped to stop the heavy fire 5.__which ______ had burned for a week in Doi Suthep Pui National Park. Soldiers and officials 6.___spent _______ 14 hours a day keeping the fire under control. Helicopters from Environment Ministry and Interior Ministry have been dropping water on fires ，while drones （无人机） were being used to discover new fires.7. Luckily____ ， the fires were controlled finally.
Facing the unexpected natural disaster ， what we have to do firstly is to learn how to protect 8.___ourselves___. And always remember to pull 9. together ___ to overcome the disaster. Although it broke many things apart ， it brought people 10.____closer ____ together.
素材积累
语篇研读&语篇精练
make a big difference to…对……有很大影响
be injured受伤
cause property loss造成财产损失
take away people ’s lives夺走人们的生命
in serious situations在严重的情况下
fall down倒塌
deal with natural disasters应对自然灾害
be humble谦虚
pay attention to…注意……
make sure确保
课外素材
warn sb. about sth.警告某人注意某事
be careful of… 小心……
hide under a table 躲在桌子下面
stay away from 远离
had better do sth.最好做某事
keep calm 保持冷静
be helpful 乐于助人
follow the advice 听从建议
佳句积累仿写
1.They not only cause property loss but also take away people ’s lives.（选自语篇
研读）
仿写：在地震中，你不仅要确保自己足够安全，而且如果可能的话要向他人 提供帮助。
In an_earthquake_，_ you should not only make sure_you _’re_safe enough_，but____ also _offe_r help to others_i_fpossibl_e_.______________________________________
2.It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a whole year ’s worth of rain. ( 选自语篇研读）
仿写：地震发生得太突然了，以至于没有人有足够的时间离开大楼。
The_earthquake happened so suddenly that no_one had enough time to_leave______ the building.___________
3.People should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters.（选 自语篇研读）
仿写：当地震发生时，你应该学会冷静下来。
You should learn to calm down when an earthquake happens.
4.Never leave the kitchen while cooking and make sure the tools are completely off after cooking.（选自语篇精练二）
仿写：工作时，切勿将孩子独自留在家中，并确保他们足够安全。
Never leave your kids at home alone while_working and make sure they are______ safe enough_.__________________________________
课外句子积累
Ⅰ.开头句
1.An earthquake is terrible. However ， if you take action properly ， your life can be saved.
2.The following is what you can do at school during an earthquake.
3.The earthquake is one of the biggest disasters for people living on the earth.
4.It is quite important for us to know how to keep ourselves safe during an earthquake.
Ⅱ.中间句
1.First ， be sure to stay calm and do everything the teacher tells you.
2.If you are in class ， take cover under a desk quickly.
3.Don ’t move until the floor stops shaking.
4.It ’s safer to move when the ground stops shaking.
5.Don ’t stand near high buildings that may fall down and don ’t jump off the building.
6.In the mountains ， be careful of falling rocks.
Ⅲ.结尾句
1.Above all ， think about what you have learned in school and try to help others and save lives.
2.All in all ， keep yourself safe and do everything to protect yourself.
3.So start to have a sense of protecting yourself from now on.
4.Life is only once ， try your best to cherish it.
完成分步写作
[2024·聊城三模]自然灾害时有发生，而且发生得很突然，很难预警。请你 以“What to Do in an Earthquake？”为题，根据以下提示写一篇主题报告，给同 学们提供一些地震逃生的建议。
室内 室外
*不要从高楼上跳下 *远离桥梁、树木、路灯或电线
*可以藏在桌下，要远离窗户、沉重的家具 *在车里时，应待里面
*地面停止晃动时，要快速离开 *在山里时，要当心落石
另外，要保持冷静，勇敢而且也要乐于助人。
【思路点拨】
谋篇布局：本文是一篇说明文。要求学生根据表格中的提示，以“What to Do in an Earthquake？”为题写一篇主题报告，给同学们提供一些地震逃生的建议 。结合表格可知，我们可以分成三段完成作文。第一段：指出地震的突发性及 难以预测性。第二段：结合表格提示，从室内及室外两方面提出自己的建议。 第三段：呼吁大家听从建议，确保自身安全并帮助他人。
审题：1.人称：_第一_人_称__ ；2.时态：一般现在时；3.文体： 说明文___
【写作导图】
【规范写作】
What to Do in an Earthquake？
Earthquakes always happen suddenly ， so it is difficult to warn people about them. Here is some advice for you to keep safe.
When you ’re inside ， you mustn ’t jump out of high buildings. You can hide under a table. And you should stay away from windows and heavy furniture. You ’d better leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. But don ’t use the lifts.When you are outside ， you ’d better keep away from bridges ， trees ， street lights or power lines. When you ’re in a car or bus ， you should stay in it. When
you are in the mountains ， you should be careful of falling rocks. What ’s more， you must keep calm ， be brave and be helpful.
If you follow the advice ， you can be safe and help save others.
写作实战练兵
[2024·漯河一模]雪可以给我们带来快乐，但同时我们也应该懂得如何在暴 雪天气保护自己。请你结合下面图示信息，以“How to Protect Ourselves During the Heavy Snow ”为题，根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，向校刊的英语专栏 投稿。
写作要求：1.文中须包含上图提示的所有信息，可适当发挥；
2.文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；
3.词数 100 左右。
参考词汇：billboard广告牌；cleats 防滑鞋
How to Protect Ourselves During the Heavy Snow
It is quite normal to have heavy snow in winter. However ， when there is heavy snow ， it is also very dangerous ， such as falling down and so on.
How to protect ourselves during the heavy snow？ Here are some suggestions.
First ， stay away from snow－covered trees and billboards because they can fall and hurt people. Second ， it is best to wear cleats to avoid falling down. Third ， we had better not go out. If we have to go out ， we must pay attention to safety. Also ， we must be careful of holes under the snow.
Snow can bring us happiness if we learn to protect ourselves.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
