题型05 七选五
设空位置 七选五解题模板
段标题 对比其他段落标题找共性。 寻找关键词。 3. 推理本段主旨句
段首题 寻找关键词。 明确段落大意。 观察句式特征（与其它段落首句的共性）
段中题 阅读设空后，标记关键词如人称代词。 阅读空前句，标记关键词。 标记选项关键词。 4. 利用词汇复现或逻辑关系线索对比。
段尾题 总结句：寻找总结性词语。 段间过渡句：承上启下，查询上下文。与上文关联或下一段首句衔接。
命题点01 段首题
【典例01】
【2024·福建莆田·高三莆田第六中学校考】
Have you ever caught a smell of something and been strongly reminded of a person or place There seems to be a deep psychological link between smells and our memory. Some research even suggests that smells can influence our cognition (感知).
36 Roja Dove, a perfumer, informed the BBC that when we are born, the olfactory bulb (嗅球), which is the area in our brain that processes smell, is empty, without pre-existing information or association. ......
Our awareness of smells is primarily unconscious. We are not actively aware of them unless they are extremely strong. But, low-level smells are still picked up because the scent receptors (感受器) in our brain are so powerful that we unconsciously register them. In fact, various studies have found the olfactory bulb sends more neurons (神经元) to more areas of our brain than our hearing or vision.
Research suggests that the power of smell can also affect how the brain performs....... But research by others has shown it to be useful in reducing pre treatment anxiety in dental and medical situations.
40 The next time a familiar smell brings back a special memory, just remember that your nose is working wonders.
A．Why do smells take us back
B．So, don’t take your nose for granted.
C．How is the sense of smell connected to your brain
D．Scents can revive memories that have been long forgotten.
E．We are not actively aware of them unless they are extremely strong.
F．This is especially true when it comes to the fragrance of essential oils.
G．Therefore, our responses to smells are learnt and highly individualized.
【答案】36．C 40．B
【答案】36.C 40.B
【模板】1.观察句式特征（无特殊句式。）2.寻找关键词。3.明确段落大意。
【解析】
根据下文“Roja Dove, a perfumer, told the BBC that when we are born, the olfactory bulb (嗅球), which is the area in our brain that processes smell, is empty, without pre-existing information or association. (香水师Roja Dove告诉BBC，当我们出生时，我们大脑中处理气味的嗅球是空的，没有预先存在的信息或联系)”推知，此处是在说嗅觉是怎么和大脑联系起来的，因此选择项C“How is the sense of smell connected to your brain (嗅觉是如何连接到你的大脑的？)”符合语境。故选C。
40． 根据下文“The next time a familiar smell brings back a special memory. just remember that your nose is working wonders. (下次一种熟悉的气味唤起特别的记忆时，只要记住你的鼻子正在创造奇迹)”可知，鼻子会自动地处理气味，我们不应该忽视鼻子的作用。因此选择项B“So, don’t take your nose for granted.( 所以，不要把你的鼻子视为理所当然)”符合语境。故选B。
【典例02】
【2023·湖北·高三统考期末】
38 You can become a babysitter in your community or work on an oil field in another country. This can really help you to gain insight into yourself when you decide what you are passionate about. How about combining sports with learning Choosing a sporting adventure in another country, either playing or coaching will be an amazing experience. In addition, giving back to the community by volunteering in a local charity is also how you would like to spend your time.
From these experiences, you will learn much more than just how to do a job. Aside from your photographs, your most treasured possession will be that new experiences challenge you and allow you to grow. So whether you are going abroad or going to your local community center, one thing is for certain — a gap year is definitely not just filling a gap. It is a year that can make all the difference to your future.
A．Perhaps you are one of the latter.
B．Why not apply for a job locally or abroad
C．How about combining sports with learning
D．You can find helpful information on some websites.
E．It is a year that can make all the difference to your future.
F．You will look back and know that your gap year has done that.
G．Whatever your reasons, a gap year can be an enriching and exciting time.
【答案】 38．B
【模板】1.观察句式特征（与其它段落首句无共同句式）。2.明确段落大意。根据后文倒退主题句。
【解析】从后文“You can become a babysitter in your community or work on an oil field in another country. (你可以在你的社区做保姆，或者在另一个国家的油田工作)”可知，此处提议找工作。故B选项“Why not apply for a job locally or abroad (为什么不在本地或国外申请工作？)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。
命题点02 段中题
【典例01】
【2024·山西·高三校联考阶段练习】
Keep the focus on your friends. When your friends are talking to you, it’s easy for you to share a similar story in an effort to relate and connect. But it’s not always welcome. They might feel that you’ve made their pain about you. 38 , let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment.
Showing up isn’t a one-time thing. Remember that grief(悲伤)is so complex and your friends might go through several stages of sorrow. 39 . It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.
Ask your friends how you can best help. 40 . Just ask!
A．Don’t let them stay alone
B．Try not to be over-enthusisatic or over-worried
C．Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support
D．If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them
E．You don’t need to automatically know what kind of help they want
F．Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they’re going through
G．When there isn’t a perfect response that is going to make people feel better
【答案】38．D 39．C 40．E
【模板】1.阅读设空后，标记关键词。38空后为逗号。40空后标记just。2.利用逻辑关系线索对比。39空后代词it及it means复指代上文。
【解析】
38.由下文“let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment.(让他们知道你也经历过类似的事情，但让他们决定现在是否想听。)”可知，这里指要求朋友决定是否听你的经历，而D项If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them(如果你确实觉得你的经历可能对他们有帮助)符合语境，和后文构成条件状语从句，且your experience与下文went through something similar对应，有启下作用。故选D项。
39．由下文“It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.(如果你的朋友知道你一直在想他们，那意义重大。)”以及上文可知，作者建议我们应一直关注朋友，而C项Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support(与他们保持联系，看看他们是否需要你的支持)符合语境，其中Keep in touch with them与下文 thinking about them all the time对应，有启下作用。故选C项。
40．由上文“Ask your friends how you can best help. (问问你的朋友你能提供最好的帮助。)”可知，这里指要主动问朋友可以帮什么忙，而E项You don’t need to automatically know what kind of help they want(你不必自动知道他们想要什么样的帮助)符合语境，有承上启下作用，其中help与上文对应。故选E项。
【典例02】
【2024·河北·校联考模拟预测】
Focus on breathing. Just focusing on your breath or changing the way you breathe can make a big difference to your overall stress level. Breathing techniques can calm your body and your brain in just a few minutes. 37 So whether you’re in a stressful meeting or you’re sitting in a crowded theater, breathing exercises could be key to reducing your stress.
Take a walk. 38 Taking a walk allows you to enjoy a change of scenery, which can get you into a different frame of mind, and brings the benefits of exercise as well. So whether you just need to take a stroll around the office or you decide to go for a long walk in the park after work, walking is a simple but effective way to refresh your mind and body.
Get a hug from a loved one. 39 Hugging a loved one can be especially beneficial. When you hug someone, oxytocin (后叶催产素) is released. It is associated with higher levels of happiness and lower levels of stress. So don’t be afraid to ask a loved one for a hug if you need it. It’s good for both of you.
A．Create art work.
B．Develop a new hobby.
C．Physical touch can do a lot to relieve your stress.
D．It reduces stress and produces a sense of relaxation.
E．That’s why it’s essential to have effective stress relievers.
F．Besides, no one around you will know you’re doing them.
G．Exercise is a fantastic stress reliever that can work in minutes.
【答案】 37．D 38．G 39．C
【模板】1. 37空阅读设前后，标记选项关键词，人称代词it。2. 38空阅读空前句，标记关键词walking。
利用词汇复现或逻辑关系线索对比。
【解析】
37．上文“Focus on breathing. Just focusing on your breath or changing the way you breathe can make a big difference to your overall stress level. Breathing techniques can calm your body and your brain in just a few minutes.(专注于呼吸。只要专注于你的呼吸或改变你的呼吸方式，就能对你的整体压力水平产生很大的影响。呼吸技巧可以在几分钟内让你的身体和大脑平静下来。)”说明专注于呼吸有助于减低压力，因此推动D项“它可以减轻压力并产生放松感。”承接上文，it指代“专注于呼吸”，故选D。
根据标题Take a walk.和下文“Taking a walk allows you to enjoy a change of scenery, which can get you into a different frame of mind, and brings the benefits of exercise as well.( 散步可以让你欣赏到不同的风景，这可以让你进入一个不同的心态，并带来锻炼的好处。)”可推断，此处讲述散步这种锻炼方式可以缓解压力，因此推断G项“运动是一种极好的减压方式，可以在几分钟内起作用。”符合语境，故选G。
39．上文“Get a hug from a loved one.(得到爱人的拥抱。)”和下文“Hugging a loved one can be especially beneficial. When you hug someone, oxytocin (后叶催产素) is released. It is associated with higher levels of happiness and lower levels of stress.( 拥抱心爱的人尤其有益。当你拥抱某人时，催产素被释放。它与更高水平的幸福和更低水平的压力有关。)”可知，本段讲述拥抱可以减轻压力，因此推断C项“身体接触可以大大缓解你的压力”符合语境，C项“Physical touch”呼应hug，故选C。
命题点03 段尾题
【典例01】
【2024·江西上饶·高三校考阶段练习】
Gardening strengthens connection. Through gardening activities, kids grow closer to their parents and make many new friends. 40
A．Gardening helps build teamwork skills.
B．Gardening activates kids’ sensory skills.
C．It is the perfect activity for growing bodies.
D．Learning to garden can be very tiring for children.
E．Spending time outdoors in nature can bring a sense of well-being.
F．Kids are more likely to eat the vegetables and fruit they’ve helped grow.
G．They also develop a connection to the earth and a need to care for our planet.
【答案】40. G
【模板】段间过渡句：承上启下，查询上下文。与上文关联。
【解析】根据前文“Gardening strengthens connection. Through gardening activities, kids grow closer to their parents and make many new friends (园艺可以加强联系。通过园艺活动，孩子们与父母更亲近，结交了许多新朋友)”可知，本段强调的是园艺加强联系。G选项：They also develop a connection to the earth and a need to care for our planet.(他们长大后也会感受到与土壤的联系和保护土壤的责任)承接前文，指出在种植过程中，孩子增强了与土壤的联系和保护土壤的责任，符合语境。故选G。
【典例01】
【2023·陕西宝鸡·统考一模】
How to Exercise in a New Way
Get healthy with these bite-sized amounts of exercises
What should people do when they can’t find the time or desire to do a long workout 36
Exercise snacks (“零食式”运动) are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of requiring hours at the gym, this concept instructs you to keep it short. These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can take a break that lasts 30 minutes to four hours before another snack. It has been reported that exercise snacks can be as effective as traditional exercise methods.
Another great thing about exercise snacks is that there are so many to choose from. The goal is to spend a short time doing something that raises your heart rate. Acceptable activities range from sit ups to jumping rope to running up and down some stairs. 39
●Exercises that are strength-based such as lifting weights will fit the bill. Since most people don’t keep weights at their office, lift full water bottles.
●Squats involve moving your hips as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. This exercise helps strengthen your lower body and improve your movement. Five to ten of these should make a good snack.
●For those who don’t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing; it’ll make for a fun workout.
40
A．It doesn’t take up too much your time.
B．They should break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks.”
C．And there are plenty of other benefits beyond improved fitness.
D．These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes.
E．Consider giving exercise snacks a try, and see if they are to your taste.
F．They should constantly remind themselves of the importance of exercises.
G．But for those who don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise options.
【答案】36．B 39．G 40．E
【模板】40空总结句：寻找总结性词语give it a try。36、39空段间过渡句：承上启下，查询上下文。与上文关联或下一段首句衔接。
【解析】
36.上文“What should people do when they can’t find the time or desire to do a long workout (当人们找不到时间或不想进行长时间锻炼时应该怎么办？)”提出问题——当人们找不到时间或不想进行长时间锻炼时应该怎么办？空处应该对此回答，结合下文“Exercise snacks (“零食式”运动) are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. (零食式”运动是人们保持健康的一种流行且富有创意的新方式)”介绍了“零食式”运动可知，空处应与“零食式”运动有关，B项“他们应该把“大餐”分成运动“零食”。”符合语境，故选B。
上文“Acceptable activities range from sit ups to jumping rope to running up and down some stairs.(可接受的活动包括仰卧起坐、跳绳、上下楼梯等)”指出“零食式”运动有很多种形式，下文“Exercises that are strength-based such as lifting weights will fit the bill.(基于力量的锻炼（例如举重）就符合要求)”，“Squats involve moving your hips as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. (深蹲涉及移动臀部，就像坐下一样，同时保持背部挺直)”和“For those who don’t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music.(对于那些不喜欢传统练习的人，只需打开音乐即可)”就“零食式”运动提供了几个有用的锻炼选择。由此可知，空处引起下文，G项“但对于那些不知道从哪里开始锻炼的人来说，这里有一些有用的锻炼选择。”符合语境，故选G。
40．空处位于句尾，应为总结全文的句子，上文介绍了“零食式”运动的含义以及好处，同时给人们提供了几个有用的锻炼选择，此处应该是呼吁人们尝试“零食式”运动，E项“考虑尝试一下“零食式”运动，看看它们是否适合你。”符合语境，故选E。
（2024·山东济宁·高三统考期末）
Leave-No-Trace Camping
For those of us who love spending time in the great outdoors, wild spaces are very special. These are places we visit to recharge, or to fill our hearts with natural beauty. 1 If you feel this way, then you’re the perfect person to promote and practice Leave-No-Trace camping.
Its principles are to treat the wilderness the way a decent visitor would and leave everything just as you found it, with no evidence that you passed through. 2 That’s because your visit makes a minimal impact on the environment.
You can carry out these ideals in a number of ways. Begin by packing out all your litter. Whenever you go camping, take an empty trash bag with you and put all garbage into the bag. In addition, try not to damage vegetation. 3 Wherever you go, think about what your heavy shoes or boots are doing to the plants underneath and try to keep damage to a minimum.
It’s also important that you should not take things away from the wilderness. Rocks, plants, flowers and seashells are all part of the natural landscape. 4 Plus, many animals find homes and food in abandoned shells and flower-heads, and these are things they would miss if you collected them.
Leave-No-Trace camping is about being respectful and thoughtful. It’s about honoring the natural world and the creatures that live in it. If you love seeing an untouched mountain stream or a lovely field of wildflowers, then you’ve already taken the first step. 5
A．This means not stepping into a wild animal’s space.
B．This is also called “low impact” or “no impact” camping.
C．Once taken away, they won’t be there for others to enjoy.
D．An increasing number of people take up camping in the wilderness.
E．When you put up your tent, try to find a place that’s already bare of plants.
F．We hate to see them littered with rubbish or any reminders of previous visitors.
G．Follow these basic practices and you can be models of the Leave-No-Trace philosophy.
2.（2024·山东济南·高三统考期末）
The brain is often seen as the most important organ of us humans. It controls our thoughts, emotions, memories and even our movements. However, what many people often forget is that the brain and the body are closely connected. 6
Studies have shown that regular exercise can significantly improve cognitive functions such as memory, attention and problem-solving abilities. 7 How does this happen Well, the answer lies in the way exercise affects the brain.
Exercise increases the production of proteins that promote the growth and survival of neurons (神经元), thus ensuring better brain functions. Moreover, exercise has a positive impact on mood and mental well-being. It helps release some natural mood boosters that make us feel more positive and happy. 8
As for the exercise varieties, it’s not just about aerobic (有氧的) exercises like running or cycling. 9 It improves concentration and decision-making abilities by enhancing the connectivity between different regions of the brain.
10 Exercise isn’t just about keeping fit or losing weight; it’s about improving cognitive functions, boosting mood and even helping us think more creatively. So, the next time you feel lazy or unmotivated to exercise, remember that every step you take is one step closer to a healthier, happier and more intelligent you.
A．It even strengthens creativity.
B．Actually the body deeply affects the brain.
C．The brain also has great impacts on exercise.
D．An exercise lover is unlikely to suffer depression.
E．Walking and jogging do good to mental functions too.
F．Strength training has also been shown to benefit the brain.
G．The links between the brain and the body cannot be overstated.
3.（2024·广东肇庆·统考二模）
If you are seeking a job, you need to pay attention to your social media and online comments. 11 The following reminders may help you use social media well and grow your career.
Choose online platforms wisely.
12 Instead, decide on one specific platform where you know what to expect and where you can feel safe and supported, and then build your personal channel there. It’s often where people look first to find out more about you. Make it as a space to show the best reflection of you and a place to tell your story and how you want it to be told.
13
Know that people are watching-and it is not just your followers. Your potential clients and employers are paying attention, too. They want to learn about you and see if you are a good fit. The key is defining your professional image. Understand how you want to present yourself to the world, show what you want to be known for, and impress them with your best image.
Keep it clean and legal.
14 This is not to limit free speech but to set rules for a respectful, professional environment. Besides, knowing and understanding the basics of copyright law can help. For example, photos are protected by copyright from the moment they are taken, whether they are registered or not. It is OK to share online videos and photos with your friends, without asking for the owner’s permission and without paying fines. 15
If you use social media to your advantage, jobs will flow your way, not away. It’s all in your hands.
A．Befriend your future colleagues.
B．Define your own personal image.
C．You don’t have to register every online platform.
D．Consider setting ground rules for your online channel.
E．Anything that has ever been shared on the Internet is rediscoverable.
F．However, using them in your social media is against the copyright law.
G．They are open for any and all to see-including your future employers.
4.（2024·河南·统考模拟预测）
Common Mistakes New Runners Make
Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. 16 , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.
·Doing too much too soon
One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine 17 .
· 18
Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts.
·Not wearing the right equipment
19 , it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.
Running through pain
20 If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn’t make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy.
A．Not taking rest days
B．If you’re just starting out
C．Comparing yourself to others
D．Running can be uncomfortable at times
E．It’s important not to use the same muscles
F．While it may be true that you don’t need expensive equipment to take up running
G．Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week
5.（2024·湖南永州·统考二模）
Benefits of Personality Tests
Can identifying one’s personality type using the MBTI and other personality assessments really help They may. 21
Better understand others
After taking a personality test and seeing our results, we can gain a better understanding of all the different perceptions and reactions that others might have to the same situation. 22 . No personality type is “better” than any other — just different. Each perspective brings something new and interesting to the table.
Identify our likes and dislikes
Maybe we’ve always hated talking on the phone but never really understood why. 23 . By using personality tests like the MBTI, we can learn more about where we lie on the extroversion/introversion and thinking/feeling continuum (连续性). This helps us better understand why we prefer certain things and dislike others.
24 .
Learning more about our personality type can also help us discover new ways to approach challenges. Knowing what might work best for our personality type can give us new ideas on how to solve problems, deal with stress, cope with conflict, and manage our work habits.
Recognize our strengths and weaknesses
Knowing what we are good at can be important in a wide variety of situations, whether we are picking a college major or thinking about running for a seat on our local school board. For example, if we know that we are an ISTJ (introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging) on the MBTI, we might recognize that certain aspects of our personality might qualify as strengths in some situations and weaknesses in others. 25 , it can sometimes trip us up in situations where we need to let other people take control.
A．Hold on to ideas about who we are
B．Know which situations are ideal for us
C．Here’s an overview of the many benefits of personality tests
D．While they reveal truth that showcases different aspects of personality
E．While our organizational skills and carefulness can be a major strength in our work
F．This is important because we all have different ways of seeing and interacting with the world
G．Or perhaps we’ve always needed much time to think about a problem before making a decision
6.（2024·北京朝阳·高三统考期末）
When you go to concerts, you expect your favorite musician to perform amazingly on stage. But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. 26 The facial expressions musicians show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose.
Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration. 27 Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with musical performance. They’re often subconscious-in fact, many of us will pull strange faces when we’re deeply involved in an activity we care about.
28 Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. While facial expressions may not directly make someone a better musician, they might contribute to the overall artistry of the music.
Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a musician starts performing. 29
The facial expressions obviously to some extent express the performer’s inner world. Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization. 30 However, it’s important to note that this relationship is still not well understood, and the extent to which facial expressions directly impact musical competence is a subject of ongoing investigation.
A．When you’re really focused, you don’t care about the outside world.
B．Among them the part of the body that best exhibits this is obviously the face.
C．They likely won’t be the main cause for those strange faces throughout a performance.
D．Such effects are particularly helpful in controlling muscles when playing an instrument.
E．Facial expressions can also help musicians communicate emotions and artistic expression.
F．Musicians are often overcome with emotion from the music itself or the reaction of the crowd.
G．Musicians often enter a state of “flow”, where they become completely absorbed in the music they’re creating.
7.（2024·辽宁大连·高三统考期末）
For outdoor enthusiasts, it is crucial to be prepared for any sort of natural disaster in the open air. 31 . It includes what kinds of disasters may strike, and what resources should be taken on your trip.
32 Desert areas are more likely to be affected by droughts; coastal regions are more likely to see hurricanes; mountainous areas are likely to avalanches (雪崩) in winter and landslides in summer. Therefore, always do some research ahead of time to help you find right survival strategies in different conditions.
While you’re planning, the essential thing to consider is the things you should pack for your trip. Any disaster that may separate you from civilization for a period of time will require you to provide your own food, water, and shelter for at least a few days. 33 For disasters that may wet your equipment, flameless light sources are a must. What you bring with you should be suited to the disaster you might encounter.
Once you complete your survival plan, it’s better to review it periodically. When a natural disaster strikes, you probably won’t have time to go over a document or go online to seek advice. 34
If a natural disaster strikes while you are in the wilderness, you should put your survival plan into effect immediately. 35 Then contact others for help. Do not wait around to see if the disaster is really that serious, do not panic, and do not easily abandon your plan.
A．But this is not always the case.
B．It’s also a good idea to bring light sources.
C．That means having a disaster response plan.
D．It’s also great to consult with the specialists in person.
E．Consequently, revising it frequently is strongly recommended.
F．Different kinds of disasters are likely to occur in different areas.
G．Stay calm, act decisively, and begin working to keep yourself alive.
8.（2024·浙江杭州·学军中学校考模拟预测）
Green Is Good
Planting and growing things offers a lot more than fresh vegetables and flowers. Working in a nice outdoor space can help you control weight, help you stay fit, and sharpen your mind – and that’s just for starters. There are more advantages.
It’s a fun workout.
36 But if you find the idea of working in a garden a bit dull, knowing it’s doing you good physically might make it more entertaining. You plant seeds, pull up weeds, move pots, and push a lawnmower etc. 37 Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a purpose – and one that might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise.
It reduces your risk of heart disease.
Even though gardening may not involve high-intensity exercise, it still provides heart-health benefits. 38 The benefits come from a combination of physical exercise and the stress reduction that ‘playing in the dirt’ provides.
39
Having dirt under your fingernails may be a sign of poor hygiene (卫生), but scientists say it could also be a mark of good health. Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may improve your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier, according to research that includes a 2015 study published in the international journal Immuno Targets and Therapy.
It increases co-ordination (配合) and strength.
Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children. 40
A．It boosts your immune system.
B．It helps you stay fit physically and psychologically.
C．In fact, gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack.
D．It’s wonderful to get out in the garden on a beautiful day to give it a tidy.
E．Gardening is a great way to maintain those fine motor (肌肉运动的) skills and muscles.
F．The gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old.
G．More than just good exercise for your body, gardening provides a workout for your brain.
9.（2024·河北张家口·高三统考期末）
What if I told you that having less stuff could make you a happier person 41 That’s because every day we receive thousands of messages to the contrary: buy this, and you’ll be prettier; own this, and you’ll be more successful; acquire this, and your happiness will know no bounds.
42 So we must be happy, right For most of us, the answer is “no”. In fact, many of these items, and their empty promises, are slowly taking the money out of our pockets, the magic out of our relationships, and the joy out of our lives.
Do you ever look around your house，at all the things you’ve got, and feel overwhelmed instead of overjoyed Are you struggling with credit card debt, and can barely recall the purchases on which you’re making payments Do you secretly wish strong wind would blow the mess out of your home 43
Most people hear the word “minimalism” and think of “empty”. The word is usually associated with loss. But look at “empty” from another angle. Now you have “space”. Space in our homes, space in our schedules, space to think, play, create, and have fun with our families... 44
We can’t enjoy fresh coffee when old grounds are in our cup; and we can’t showcase our garden’s blooms when wilted (枯萎的) flowers fill the vase. Similarly, when our homes—the containers of our daily lives—are over packed, our souls take a backseat to our stuff. 45 Becoming minimalists, however, puts us in control of our stuff. It’s positively liberating!
A．You may think I am crazy.
B．Now that’s the beauty of minimalism.
C．You have space for everything you bought.
D．Of course, all these questions can be answered.
E．Well, we’ve bought this, that, and the other thing.
F．If so, then a minimalist lifestyle may well be your choice.
G．We no longer have the time, energy, and space for new experiences.
10.（2024·四川攀枝花·统考二模）
How hardships make you stronger
Past hardships can help you carry on in the face of current stress. People who experienced a medium level of hardship reported better mental health and higher life satisfaction over time compared to both those who reported a high history of hardship and those with no history of hardship. 46
They can bring growth after sufferings. We may find it difficult to believe the suffering experiences will eventually lead to some type of growth. 47 . Post-traumatic (创伤后的) growth is the experience of positive change after going through a significantly stressful event. Researchers have discovered two common themes that people tend to report after experiencing a stressful event: spiritual growth and improved personal strength.
They build self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is the belief or the confidence in your ability to overcome difficulties and succeed. 48 . First, pick an area of confidence or a skill you want to develop. The best way to improve that skill is to learn by doing. If you want to improve your public speaking skills and ability, then you need to practice speaking in public. 49 Back to the public speaking example, you could watch video clips of great speakers on YouTube and take notes on how they tell stories or use humor. Lastly, you can improve by being coached by a credible and respected source. Meanwhile, you could turn to the people for help who can give you feedback as you work toward your goals.
They help you transform stress into a challenge. How you think about stress matters enormously in terms of how you process it. 50 , while others are able to see it as a challenge. With a challenge response, you get additional energy. In fact, people who are able to think about stress more like a challenge and less like a threat report less depression and anxiety, higher levels of energy, work performance and life satisfaction.
A．Some people view stress as a threat
B．It’s developed in three specific ways
C．The next best way to improve is to learn by observing others
D．The fact is that we can get the ability to become stronger after a difficult situation
E．That is because past struggles can help you become stronger in the following ways
F．Your world feels out of control right now and your stress levels are at an all-time high you face
G．The past struggles against hardships, even small ones, can help you step out of the trouble
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)题型05 七选五
设空位置 七选五解题模板
段标题 对比其他段落标题找共性。 寻找关键词。 3. 推理本段主旨句
段首题 寻找关键词。 明确段落大意。 观察句式特征（与其它段落首句的共性）
段中题 阅读设空后，标记关键词如人称代词。 阅读空前句，标记关键词。 标记选项关键词。 4. 利用词汇复现或逻辑关系线索对比。
段尾题 总结句：寻找总结性词语。 段间过渡句：承上启下，查询上下文。与上文关联或下一段首句衔接。
命题点01 段首题
【典例01】
【2024·福建莆田·高三莆田第六中学校考】
Have you ever caught a smell of something and been strongly reminded of a person or place There seems to be a deep psychological link between smells and our memory. Some research even suggests that smells can influence our cognition (感知).
36 Roja Dove, a perfumer, informed the BBC that when we are born, the olfactory bulb (嗅球), which is the area in our brain that processes smell, is empty, without pre-existing information or association. ......
Our awareness of smells is primarily unconscious. We are not actively aware of them unless they are extremely strong. But, low-level smells are still picked up because the scent receptors (感受器) in our brain are so powerful that we unconsciously register them. In fact, various studies have found the olfactory bulb sends more neurons (神经元) to more areas of our brain than our hearing or vision.
Research suggests that the power of smell can also affect how the brain performs....... But research by others has shown it to be useful in reducing pre treatment anxiety in dental and medical situations.
40 The next time a familiar smell brings back a special memory, just remember that your nose is working wonders.
A．Why do smells take us back
B．So, don’t take your nose for granted.
C．How is the sense of smell connected to your brain
D．Scents can revive memories that have been long forgotten.
E．We are not actively aware of them unless they are extremely strong.
F．This is especially true when it comes to the fragrance of essential oils.
G．Therefore, our responses to smells are learnt and highly individualized.
【答案】36．C 40．B
【答案】36.C 40.B
【模板】1.观察句式特征（无特殊句式。）2.寻找关键词。3.明确段落大意。
【解析】
根据下文“Roja Dove, a perfumer, told the BBC that when we are born, the olfactory bulb (嗅球), which is the area in our brain that processes smell, is empty, without pre-existing information or association. (香水师Roja Dove告诉BBC，当我们出生时，我们大脑中处理气味的嗅球是空的，没有预先存在的信息或联系)”推知，此处是在说嗅觉是怎么和大脑联系起来的，因此选择项C“How is the sense of smell connected to your brain (嗅觉是如何连接到你的大脑的？)”符合语境。故选C。
40． 根据下文“The next time a familiar smell brings back a special memory. just remember that your nose is working wonders. (下次一种熟悉的气味唤起特别的记忆时，只要记住你的鼻子正在创造奇迹)”可知，鼻子会自动地处理气味，我们不应该忽视鼻子的作用。因此选择项B“So, don’t take your nose for granted.( 所以，不要把你的鼻子视为理所当然)”符合语境。故选B。
【典例02】
【2023·湖北·高三统考期末】
38 You can become a babysitter in your community or work on an oil field in another country. This can really help you to gain insight into yourself when you decide what you are passionate about. How about combining sports with learning Choosing a sporting adventure in another country, either playing or coaching will be an amazing experience. In addition, giving back to the community by volunteering in a local charity is also how you would like to spend your time.
From these experiences, you will learn much more than just how to do a job. Aside from your photographs, your most treasured possession will be that new experiences challenge you and allow you to grow. So whether you are going abroad or going to your local community center, one thing is for certain — a gap year is definitely not just filling a gap. It is a year that can make all the difference to your future.
A．Perhaps you are one of the latter.
B．Why not apply for a job locally or abroad
C．How about combining sports with learning
D．You can find helpful information on some websites.
E．It is a year that can make all the difference to your future.
F．You will look back and know that your gap year has done that.
G．Whatever your reasons, a gap year can be an enriching and exciting time.
【答案】 38．B
【模板】1.观察句式特征（与其它段落首句无共同句式）。2.明确段落大意。根据后文倒退主题句。
【解析】从后文“You can become a babysitter in your community or work on an oil field in another country. (你可以在你的社区做保姆，或者在另一个国家的油田工作)”可知，此处提议找工作。故B选项“Why not apply for a job locally or abroad (为什么不在本地或国外申请工作？)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。
命题点02 段中题
【典例01】
【2024·山西·高三校联考阶段练习】
Keep the focus on your friends. When your friends are talking to you, it’s easy for you to share a similar story in an effort to relate and connect. But it’s not always welcome. They might feel that you’ve made their pain about you. 38 , let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment.
Showing up isn’t a one-time thing. Remember that grief(悲伤)is so complex and your friends might go through several stages of sorrow. 39 . It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.
Ask your friends how you can best help. 40 . Just ask!
A．Don’t let them stay alone
B．Try not to be over-enthusisatic or over-worried
C．Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support
D．If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them
E．You don’t need to automatically know what kind of help they want
F．Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they’re going through
G．When there isn’t a perfect response that is going to make people feel better
【答案】38．D 39．C 40．E
【模板】1.阅读设空后，标记关键词。38空后为逗号。40空后标记just。2.利用逻辑关系线索对比。39空后代词it及it means复指代上文。
【解析】
38.由下文“let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment.(让他们知道你也经历过类似的事情，但让他们决定现在是否想听。)”可知，这里指要求朋友决定是否听你的经历，而D项If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them(如果你确实觉得你的经历可能对他们有帮助)符合语境，和后文构成条件状语从句，且your experience与下文went through something similar对应，有启下作用。故选D项。
39．由下文“It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.(如果你的朋友知道你一直在想他们，那意义重大。)”以及上文可知，作者建议我们应一直关注朋友，而C项Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support(与他们保持联系，看看他们是否需要你的支持)符合语境，其中Keep in touch with them与下文 thinking about them all the time对应，有启下作用。故选C项。
40．由上文“Ask your friends how you can best help. (问问你的朋友你能提供最好的帮助。)”可知，这里指要主动问朋友可以帮什么忙，而E项You don’t need to automatically know what kind of help they want(你不必自动知道他们想要什么样的帮助)符合语境，有承上启下作用，其中help与上文对应。故选E项。
【典例02】
【2024·河北·校联考模拟预测】
Focus on breathing. Just focusing on your breath or changing the way you breathe can make a big difference to your overall stress level. Breathing techniques can calm your body and your brain in just a few minutes. 37 So whether you’re in a stressful meeting or you’re sitting in a crowded theater, breathing exercises could be key to reducing your stress.
Take a walk. 38 Taking a walk allows you to enjoy a change of scenery, which can get you into a different frame of mind, and brings the benefits of exercise as well. So whether you just need to take a stroll around the office or you decide to go for a long walk in the park after work, walking is a simple but effective way to refresh your mind and body.
Get a hug from a loved one. 39 Hugging a loved one can be especially beneficial. When you hug someone, oxytocin (后叶催产素) is released. It is associated with higher levels of happiness and lower levels of stress. So don’t be afraid to ask a loved one for a hug if you need it. It’s good for both of you.
A．Create art work.
B．Develop a new hobby.
C．Physical touch can do a lot to relieve your stress.
D．It reduces stress and produces a sense of relaxation.
E．That’s why it’s essential to have effective stress relievers.
F．Besides, no one around you will know you’re doing them.
G．Exercise is a fantastic stress reliever that can work in minutes.
【答案】 37．D 38．G 39．C
【模板】1. 37空阅读设前后，标记选项关键词，人称代词it。2. 38空阅读空前句，标记关键词walking。
利用词汇复现或逻辑关系线索对比。
【解析】
37．上文“Focus on breathing. Just focusing on your breath or changing the way you breathe can make a big difference to your overall stress level. Breathing techniques can calm your body and your brain in just a few minutes.(专注于呼吸。只要专注于你的呼吸或改变你的呼吸方式，就能对你的整体压力水平产生很大的影响。呼吸技巧可以在几分钟内让你的身体和大脑平静下来。)”说明专注于呼吸有助于减低压力，因此推动D项“它可以减轻压力并产生放松感。”承接上文，it指代“专注于呼吸”，故选D。
根据标题Take a walk.和下文“Taking a walk allows you to enjoy a change of scenery, which can get you into a different frame of mind, and brings the benefits of exercise as well.( 散步可以让你欣赏到不同的风景，这可以让你进入一个不同的心态，并带来锻炼的好处。)”可推断，此处讲述散步这种锻炼方式可以缓解压力，因此推断G项“运动是一种极好的减压方式，可以在几分钟内起作用。”符合语境，故选G。
39．上文“Get a hug from a loved one.(得到爱人的拥抱。)”和下文“Hugging a loved one can be especially beneficial. When you hug someone, oxytocin (后叶催产素) is released. It is associated with higher levels of happiness and lower levels of stress.( 拥抱心爱的人尤其有益。当你拥抱某人时，催产素被释放。它与更高水平的幸福和更低水平的压力有关。)”可知，本段讲述拥抱可以减轻压力，因此推断C项“身体接触可以大大缓解你的压力”符合语境，C项“Physical touch”呼应hug，故选C。
命题点03 段尾题
【典例01】
【2024·江西上饶·高三校考阶段练习】
Gardening strengthens connection. Through gardening activities, kids grow closer to their parents and make many new friends. 40
A．Gardening helps build teamwork skills.
B．Gardening activates kids’ sensory skills.
C．It is the perfect activity for growing bodies.
D．Learning to garden can be very tiring for children.
E．Spending time outdoors in nature can bring a sense of well-being.
F．Kids are more likely to eat the vegetables and fruit they’ve helped grow.
G．They also develop a connection to the earth and a need to care for our planet.
【答案】40. G
【模板】段间过渡句：承上启下，查询上下文。与上文关联。
【解析】根据前文“Gardening strengthens connection. Through gardening activities, kids grow closer to their parents and make many new friends (园艺可以加强联系。通过园艺活动，孩子们与父母更亲近，结交了许多新朋友)”可知，本段强调的是园艺加强联系。G选项：They also develop a connection to the earth and a need to care for our planet.(他们长大后也会感受到与土壤的联系和保护土壤的责任)承接前文，指出在种植过程中，孩子增强了与土壤的联系和保护土壤的责任，符合语境。故选G。
【典例01】
【2023·陕西宝鸡·统考一模】
How to Exercise in a New Way
Get healthy with these bite-sized amounts of exercises
What should people do when they can’t find the time or desire to do a long workout 36
Exercise snacks (“零食式”运动) are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of requiring hours at the gym, this concept instructs you to keep it short. These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can take a break that lasts 30 minutes to four hours before another snack. It has been reported that exercise snacks can be as effective as traditional exercise methods.
Another great thing about exercise snacks is that there are so many to choose from. The goal is to spend a short time doing something that raises your heart rate. Acceptable activities range from sit ups to jumping rope to running up and down some stairs. 39
●Exercises that are strength-based such as lifting weights will fit the bill. Since most people don’t keep weights at their office, lift full water bottles.
●Squats involve moving your hips as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. This exercise helps strengthen your lower body and improve your movement. Five to ten of these should make a good snack.
●For those who don’t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing; it’ll make for a fun workout.
40
A．It doesn’t take up too much your time.
B．They should break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks.”
C．And there are plenty of other benefits beyond improved fitness.
D．These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes.
E．Consider giving exercise snacks a try, and see if they are to your taste.
F．They should constantly remind themselves of the importance of exercises.
G．But for those who don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise options.
【答案】36．B 39．G 40．E
【模板】40空总结句：寻找总结性词语give it a try。36、39空段间过渡句：承上启下，查询上下文。与上文关联或下一段首句衔接。
【解析】
36.上文“What should people do when they can’t find the time or desire to do a long workout (当人们找不到时间或不想进行长时间锻炼时应该怎么办？)”提出问题——当人们找不到时间或不想进行长时间锻炼时应该怎么办？空处应该对此回答，结合下文“Exercise snacks (“零食式”运动) are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. (零食式”运动是人们保持健康的一种流行且富有创意的新方式)”介绍了“零食式”运动可知，空处应与“零食式”运动有关，B项“他们应该把“大餐”分成运动“零食”。”符合语境，故选B。
上文“Acceptable activities range from sit ups to jumping rope to running up and down some stairs.(可接受的活动包括仰卧起坐、跳绳、上下楼梯等)”指出“零食式”运动有很多种形式，下文“Exercises that are strength-based such as lifting weights will fit the bill.(基于力量的锻炼（例如举重）就符合要求)”，“Squats involve moving your hips as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. (深蹲涉及移动臀部，就像坐下一样，同时保持背部挺直)”和“For those who don’t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music.(对于那些不喜欢传统练习的人，只需打开音乐即可)”就“零食式”运动提供了几个有用的锻炼选择。由此可知，空处引起下文，G项“但对于那些不知道从哪里开始锻炼的人来说，这里有一些有用的锻炼选择。”符合语境，故选G。
40．空处位于句尾，应为总结全文的句子，上文介绍了“零食式”运动的含义以及好处，同时给人们提供了几个有用的锻炼选择，此处应该是呼吁人们尝试“零食式”运动，E项“考虑尝试一下“零食式”运动，看看它们是否适合你。”符合语境，故选E。
（2024·山东济宁·高三统考期末）
Leave-No-Trace Camping
For those of us who love spending time in the great outdoors, wild spaces are very special. These are places we visit to recharge, or to fill our hearts with natural beauty. 1 If you feel this way, then you’re the perfect person to promote and practice Leave-No-Trace camping.
Its principles are to treat the wilderness the way a decent visitor would and leave everything just as you found it, with no evidence that you passed through. 2 That’s because your visit makes a minimal impact on the environment.
You can carry out these ideals in a number of ways. Begin by packing out all your litter. Whenever you go camping, take an empty trash bag with you and put all garbage into the bag. In addition, try not to damage vegetation. 3 Wherever you go, think about what your heavy shoes or boots are doing to the plants underneath and try to keep damage to a minimum.
It’s also important that you should not take things away from the wilderness. Rocks, plants, flowers and seashells are all part of the natural landscape. 4 Plus, many animals find homes and food in abandoned shells and flower-heads, and these are things they would miss if you collected them.
Leave-No-Trace camping is about being respectful and thoughtful. It’s about honoring the natural world and the creatures that live in it. If you love seeing an untouched mountain stream or a lovely field of wildflowers, then you’ve already taken the first step. 5
A．This means not stepping into a wild animal’s space.
B．This is also called “low impact” or “no impact” camping.
C．Once taken away, they won’t be there for others to enjoy.
D．An increasing number of people take up camping in the wilderness.
E．When you put up your tent, try to find a place that’s already bare of plants.
F．We hate to see them littered with rubbish or any reminders of previous visitors.
G．Follow these basic practices and you can be models of the Leave-No-Trace philosophy.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．E 4．C 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了践行“不留痕迹”露营的注意事项。
1．下文“If you feel this way, then you’re the perfect person to promote and practice Leave-No-Trace camping.(如果你有这种感觉，那么你就是推广和实践“不留痕迹”露营的最佳人选)”说明了一种条件，故上文需要指明“feel this way”是什么感觉，F项“We hate to see them littered with rubbish or any reminders of previous visitors.(我们不愿看到它们到处都是垃圾，也不愿看到任何提醒我们以前来过的人的东西)”照应下文“feel this way”，衔接恰当。故选F项。
2．下文“That’s because your visit makes a minimal impact on the environment.(这是因为你的参观对环境的影响很小)”指明了一件事情的原因，B项“This is also called “low impact” or “no impact” camping.(这也被称为“低影响”或“无影响”露营)”中的“This”照应上文“Leave-No-Trace camping”，并与下文构成因果关系，因为你的参观对环境的影响很小，所以它又被称为“低影响”或“无影响”露营。故选B项。
3．上文“In addition, try not to damage vegetation.(另外，尽量不要破坏植被)”说明露营时，要保护植被，E项“When you put up your tent, try to find a place that’s already bare of plants.(当你搭帐篷的时候，尽量找一个没有植物的地方)”用具体的事例说明如何做到不破坏植被，衔接恰当。故选E项。
4．上文“It’s also important that you should not take things away from the wilderness. Rocks, plants, flowers and seashells are all part of the natural landscape.(同样重要的是，你不应该从野外拿走东西。岩石、植物、花朵和贝壳都是自然景观的一部分)”说明不应该带走野外生长的东西，C项“Once taken away, they won’t be there for others to enjoy.(一旦被拿走，别人就无法再那里欣赏到它们了)”衔接上文，说明带走野外生长的东西会导致的结果，“they”指代上文“Rocks, plants, flowers and seashells”，符合句意。故选C项。
5．上文“If you love seeing an untouched mountain stream or a lovely field of wildflowers, then you’ve already taken the first step.(如果你喜欢看一条未受污染的山间溪流或一片美丽的野花，那么你已经迈出了第一步)”说明有欣赏自然之美的心就是实践“不留痕迹”露营的第一步，G项“Follow these basic practices and you can be models of the Leave-No-Trace philosophy.(遵循这些基本做法，你就可以成为践行不留痕迹露营的典范)”段尾句总结了全文内容，“these basic practices”指代上文提到的一切尊重和体贴大自然的举动，并照应开头“If you feel this way, then you’re the perfect person to promote and practice Leave-No-Trace camping.(如果你有这种感觉，那么你就是推广和实践“不留痕迹”露营的最佳人选)”符合句意。故选G项。
2.（2024·山东济南·高三统考期末）
The brain is often seen as the most important organ of us humans. It controls our thoughts, emotions, memories and even our movements. However, what many people often forget is that the brain and the body are closely connected. 6
Studies have shown that regular exercise can significantly improve cognitive functions such as memory, attention and problem-solving abilities. 7 How does this happen Well, the answer lies in the way exercise affects the brain.
Exercise increases the production of proteins that promote the growth and survival of neurons (神经元), thus ensuring better brain functions. Moreover, exercise has a positive impact on mood and mental well-being. It helps release some natural mood boosters that make us feel more positive and happy. 8
As for the exercise varieties, it’s not just about aerobic (有氧的) exercises like running or cycling. 9 It improves concentration and decision-making abilities by enhancing the connectivity between different regions of the brain.
10 Exercise isn’t just about keeping fit or losing weight; it’s about improving cognitive functions, boosting mood and even helping us think more creatively. So, the next time you feel lazy or unmotivated to exercise, remember that every step you take is one step closer to a healthier, happier and more intelligent you.
A．It even strengthens creativity.
B．Actually the body deeply affects the brain.
C．The brain also has great impacts on exercise.
D．An exercise lover is unlikely to suffer depression.
E．Walking and jogging do good to mental functions too.
F．Strength training has also been shown to benefit the brain.
G．The links between the brain and the body cannot be overstated.
【答案】6．B 7．A 8．D 9．F 10．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动对大脑的影响，经常锻炼可以显著提高认知功能，如记忆力、注意力和解决问题的能力。
6．上文“However, what many people often forget is that the brain and the body are closely connected.(然而，很多人经常忘记的是，大脑和身体是紧密相连的)”提到了大脑和身体是有联系的，选项B中body和brain是关键词与上文呼应，构成顺承关系，所以B选项“实际上身体深深地影响着大脑。”能承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。
7．上文“Studies have shown that regular exercise can significantly improve cognitive functions such as memory, attention and problem-solving abilities.(研究表明，经常锻炼可以显著提高认知功能，如记忆力、注意力和解决问题的能力)”提到了经常锻炼的好处，A选项“它甚至能增强创造力”与上文构成递进关系，符合语境。故选A项。
8．上文“Moreover, exercise has a positive impact on mood and mental well-being. It helps release some natural mood boosters that make us feel more positive and happy.(此外，锻炼对情绪和精神健康有积极的影响。它有助于释放一些自然的情绪助推器，让我们感觉更积极和快乐)”提到了锻炼对情绪的影响，选项D中depression是关键词，与上文构成因果关系，所以D选项“热爱运动的人不太可能患抑郁症。”符合语境。故选D项。
9．上文“As for the exercise varieties, it’s not just about aerobic (有氧的) exercises like running or cycling.(至于运动的种类，不仅仅是跑步或骑自行车这样的有氧运动)”提到了运动的种类，选项F中Strength training是关键词，与上文的运动种类呼应，所以F选项“力量训练也被证明对大脑有益。”与上文构成顺承关系，符合语境。故选F项。
10．下文“Exercise isn’t just about keeping fit or losing weight; it’s about improving cognitive functions, boosting mood and even helping us think more creatively.(锻炼不仅仅是为了保持健康或减肥；它可以改善认知功能，改善情绪，甚至帮助我们更有创造性地思考)”提到了锻炼和大脑之间的联系，选项G“大脑和身体之间的联系怎么强调都不为过。”能概括下文内容。故选G项。
3.（2024·广东肇庆·统考二模）
If you are seeking a job, you need to pay attention to your social media and online comments. 11 The following reminders may help you use social media well and grow your career.
Choose online platforms wisely.
12 Instead, decide on one specific platform where you know what to expect and where you can feel safe and supported, and then build your personal channel there. It’s often where people look first to find out more about you. Make it as a space to show the best reflection of you and a place to tell your story and how you want it to be told.
13
Know that people are watching-and it is not just your followers. Your potential clients and employers are paying attention, too. They want to learn about you and see if you are a good fit. The key is defining your professional image. Understand how you want to present yourself to the world, show what you want to be known for, and impress them with your best image.
Keep it clean and legal.
14 This is not to limit free speech but to set rules for a respectful, professional environment. Besides, knowing and understanding the basics of copyright law can help. For example, photos are protected by copyright from the moment they are taken, whether they are registered or not. It is OK to share online videos and photos with your friends, without asking for the owner’s permission and without paying fines. 15
If you use social media to your advantage, jobs will flow your way, not away. It’s all in your hands.
A．Befriend your future colleagues.
B．Define your own personal image.
C．You don’t have to register every online platform.
D．Consider setting ground rules for your online channel.
E．Anything that has ever been shared on the Internet is rediscoverable.
F．However, using them in your social media is against the copyright law.
G．They are open for any and all to see-including your future employers.
【答案】11．G 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了选择在线平台方法和怎样维护的方法。
11．由上文“If you are seeking a job, you need to pay attention to your social media and online comments. (如果你正在找工作，你需要关注你的社交媒体和网上评论。)”可知，本空要说跟“关注你的社交媒体和网上评论好处”有关的话题，故G选项“They are open for any and all to see-including your future employers. (它们向任何人开放，包括你未来的雇主。 )”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
12．由本段小标题“Choose online platforms wisely. (明智地选择在线平台)”可知，本空要说跟“明智地选择在线平台”有关的话题，由后文“Instead, decide on one specific platform where you know what to expect and where you can feel safe and supported, and then build your personal channel there. (相反，选择一个特定的平台，在那里你知道会发生什么，你可以感到安全和支持，然后在那里建立你的个人渠道。)”可知，本句要表达不要每个在线平台都选，故C选项“You don’t have to register every online platform. (你不必注册每个在线平台。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
13．由下文“Know that people are watching-and it is not just your followers. Your potential clients and employers are paying attention, too. They want to learn about you and see if you are a good fit. The key is defining your professional image. Understand how you want to present yourself to the world, show what you want to be known for, and impress them with your best image. (要知道，人们都在关注着你，而不仅仅是你的追随者。你的潜在客户和雇主也在关注你。他们想了解你，看看你是否合适。关键是定义你的职业形象。了解你想如何向世界展示自己，展示你想要的，用你最好的形象给他们留下深刻印象。)”可知，本空要说跟“个人形象”有关的话题，故B选项“Define your own personal image. (定义你自己的个人形象)”能总结段意，符合做本段小标题，符合题意。故选B。
14．由本段小标题“Keep it clean and legal. (保持在线频道清洁和合法)”可知，本空要说跟“在线频道清洁和合法”有关的话题，由后文“This is not to limit free speech but to set rules for a respectful, professional environment. (这并不是要限制言论自由，而是要为一个相互尊重的专业环境制定规则。)”可知，本句要表达“在线频道规则”有关的话题，故D选项“Consider setting ground rules for your online channel. (考虑为您的在线频道设置基本规则。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。
15．由上文“For example, photos are protected by copyright from the moment they are taken, whether they are registered or not. It is OK to share online videos and photos with your friends, without asking for the owner’s permission and without paying fines. (例如，照片从拍摄的那一刻起，无论是否注册，都受到版权的保护。与你的朋友分享在线视频和照片是可以的，不需要征得主人的同意，也不需要支付罚款。)”可知，本空要说跟“版权”有关的话题，故F选项“However, using them in your social media is against the copyright law. (然而，在社交媒体上使用它们是违反版权法的)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
4.（2024·河南·统考模拟预测）
Common Mistakes New Runners Make
Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. 16 , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.
·Doing too much too soon
One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine 17 .
· 18
Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts.
·Not wearing the right equipment
19 , it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.
Running through pain
20 If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn’t make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy.
A．Not taking rest days
B．If you’re just starting out
C．Comparing yourself to others
D．Running can be uncomfortable at times
E．It’s important not to use the same muscles
F．While it may be true that you don’t need expensive equipment to take up running
G．Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week
【答案】16．B 17．G 18．A 19．F 20．D
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。
16．上文“Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. (跑步是保持体形的好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。然而，许多人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本段标题“Common Mistakes New Runners Make(新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者会犯的错误，根据下文“keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.(记住这些事情可以帮助您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知，空处是状语从句，B项“如果你刚刚开始”符合，是下文的条件，同时也符合主题，即如果你是新跑步者，本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会，故选B。
17．上文“One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine(新跑步者犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地进入训练计划将有助于降低受伤风险，这样您就可以继续新的跑步习惯)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，G项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故选G。
18．此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，根据下文“Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts.(初学者可能认为他们需要每天（或几乎每天）跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高影响力的活动，对您的身体来说确实很困难。因此，在锻炼之间让身体休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A项“没有休息日”符合，故选A。
19．根据本段标题“Not wearing the right equipment(没有佩戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备，下文“it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts.(锻炼时正确穿着很重要)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要，空处也应与“佩戴合适的装备”有关，F项“虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼应标题中的“the right equipment”，虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步，但是锻炼时正确穿着很重要，故选F。
20．下文“If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain (如果跑步时感到疼痛，则需要停下来治疗疼痛)”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛，D项“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介绍了感到疼痛时该如何做，故选D。
5.（2024·湖南永州·统考二模）
Benefits of Personality Tests
Can identifying one’s personality type using the MBTI and other personality assessments really help They may. 21
Better understand others
After taking a personality test and seeing our results, we can gain a better understanding of all the different perceptions and reactions that others might have to the same situation. 22 . No personality type is “better” than any other — just different. Each perspective brings something new and interesting to the table.
Identify our likes and dislikes
Maybe we’ve always hated talking on the phone but never really understood why. 23 . By using personality tests like the MBTI, we can learn more about where we lie on the extroversion/introversion and thinking/feeling continuum (连续性). This helps us better understand why we prefer certain things and dislike others.
24 .
Learning more about our personality type can also help us discover new ways to approach challenges. Knowing what might work best for our personality type can give us new ideas on how to solve problems, deal with stress, cope with conflict, and manage our work habits.
Recognize our strengths and weaknesses
Knowing what we are good at can be important in a wide variety of situations, whether we are picking a college major or thinking about running for a seat on our local school board. For example, if we know that we are an ISTJ (introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging) on the MBTI, we might recognize that certain aspects of our personality might qualify as strengths in some situations and weaknesses in others. 25 , it can sometimes trip us up in situations where we need to let other people take control.
A．Hold on to ideas about who we are
B．Know which situations are ideal for us
C．Here’s an overview of the many benefits of personality tests
D．While they reveal truth that showcases different aspects of personality
E．While our organizational skills and carefulness can be a major strength in our work
F．This is important because we all have different ways of seeing and interacting with the world
G．Or perhaps we’ve always needed much time to think about a problem before making a decision
【答案】21．C 22．F 23．G 24．B 25．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了性格测试的好处。
21．根据上文“Can identifying one’s personality type using the MBTI and other personality assessments really help They may.(用MBTI和其他人格评估来识别一个人的人格类型真的有帮助吗？他们可能有帮助。)”可知，上文讲述的是性格测试有好处。选项C“Here’s an overview of the many benefits of personality tests(以下是性格测试诸多好处的概述)”承接上文指出性格测试有好处，同时引出下文具体的好处。故选C。
22．根据空前内容“After taking a personality test and seeing our results, we can gain a better understanding of all the different perceptions and reactions that others might have to the same situation.(在进行性格测试并看到我们的结果后，我们可以更好地理解其他人对相同情况的不同看法和反应。)”可知，得知自己的性格后，我们可以更好地理解其他人对相同情况的不同看法和反应。选项F“This is important because we all have different ways of seeing and interacting with the world(这一点很重要，因为我们都有不同的看待世界和与世界互动的方式)”延续上文内容，指出理解不同的人对相同情况有着不一样的看法很重要。故选F。
23．根据空前“Maybe we’ve always hated talking on the phone but never really understood why.(也许我们总是讨厌打电话，但从来没有真正明白为什么。)”可知，我们并不明白自己讨厌某件事的原因。选项G“Or perhaps we’ve always needed much time to think about a problem before making a decision(或者也许我们在做决定之前总是需要很多时间来思考问题)”与上文内容一致，指的是我们也不明白为什么自己在做决定之前总是需要很多时间来思考问题。故选G。
24．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Learning more about our personality type can also help us discover new ways to approach challenges. Knowing what might work best for our personality type can give us new ideas on how to solve problems, deal with stress, cope with conflict, and manage our work habits.(更多地了解我们的性格类型也可以帮助我们找到应对挑战的新方法。知道什么最适合我们的性格类型，可以给我们解决问题、处理压力、处理冲突和管理工作习惯的新思路。)”可知，本段讲述的是了解自己的性格类型可以帮助我们找到应对挑战的新方法，从而了解什么是最适合我们的。选项B“Know which situations are ideal for us(知道哪些情况对我们来说是最理想的)”正是本段内容的综述。故选B。
25．根据空前内容“For example, if we know that we are an ISTJ (introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging) on the MBTI, we might recognize that certain aspects of our personality might qualify as strengths in some situations and weaknesses in others.(例如，如果我们知道自己在MBTI测试中属于ISTJ型(内向、敏感、思考和判断)，我们可能会意识到我们性格的某些方面在某些情况下可能是优势，而在另一些情况下可能是劣势。)”可知，上文讲述的是我们性格的某些方面在某些情况下可能是优势，而在其他情况下则可能是劣势。而空后内容“it can sometimes trip us up in situations where we need to let other people take control.(它有时会在我们需要让别人控制的情况下绊倒我们。)”指的是劣势，由此可推断，空处指的应该是优势。选项E“While our organizational skills and carefulness can be a major strength in our work(虽然我们的组织能力和细心是我们工作中的一大优势)”指出组织能力和细心是我们工作中的一大优势，与下文内容逻辑一致，指出这样的优势在某些情况下会成为劣势。故选E。
6.（2024·北京朝阳·高三统考期末）
When you go to concerts, you expect your favorite musician to perform amazingly on stage. But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. 26 The facial expressions musicians show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose.
Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration. 27 Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with musical performance. They’re often subconscious-in fact, many of us will pull strange faces when we’re deeply involved in an activity we care about.
28 Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. While facial expressions may not directly make someone a better musician, they might contribute to the overall artistry of the music.
Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a musician starts performing. 29
The facial expressions obviously to some extent express the performer’s inner world. Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization. 30 However, it’s important to note that this relationship is still not well understood, and the extent to which facial expressions directly impact musical competence is a subject of ongoing investigation.
A．When you’re really focused, you don’t care about the outside world.
B．Among them the part of the body that best exhibits this is obviously the face.
C．They likely won’t be the main cause for those strange faces throughout a performance.
D．Such effects are particularly helpful in controlling muscles when playing an instrument.
E．Facial expressions can also help musicians communicate emotions and artistic expression.
F．Musicians are often overcome with emotion from the music itself or the reaction of the crowd.
G．Musicians often enter a state of “flow”, where they become completely absorbed in the music they’re creating.
【答案】26．B 27．G 28．E 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文是说明文。音乐家演奏时不只是用手指演奏还会有身体动作，其中一个身体动作就是面部表情。文章主要介绍了音乐家演奏时使用面部表情给他们带来的好处。
26．上文“But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. (但您可能已经注意到一些奇怪的事情，大多数音乐家不只是用手指演奏。还包括适应歌曲节奏或舞蹈音乐的身体动作。)”可知，音乐家不仅用手指演奏，还会用身体动作，下文“The facial expressions musicians show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose.(音乐家在演奏时表现出的面部表情对于局外人来说可能看起来很奇怪或疯狂，但所有这些表情实际上可能都是有目的的。)”指出了音乐家在演奏时的面部表情是什么样的，由此可知，空处应指出音乐家的身体动作之一就是面部表情，B项“其中最能体现这一点的身体部位显然就是脸部。”承上启下，them代指上文“body movements”，故选B。
27．上文“Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration.(首先，演奏乐器通常需要高度集中注意力)”指出演奏乐器通常需要高度集中注意力，所以音乐家会在演奏时完全沉浸于表演中，G项“音乐家经常进入一种“心流”状态，他们完全沉浸在他们正在创作的音乐中。”承接上文，故选G。
28．上文“Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with musical performance.(他们的面部表情可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体力。)”指出面部表情的好处之一是可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体力，下文“Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. (音乐家与他们演奏的音乐有着强烈的情感联系。他们经常用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪和诠释，从而创造出更具吸引力的音乐体验。)”指出音乐家用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪，E项“面部表情还可以帮助音乐家交流情感和艺术表达。”介绍了面部表情的其他好处，故选E。
29．上文“Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a musician starts performing.(表演现场音乐是一种相当紧张的体验，因此表演者可能会通过咬下嘴唇等方式来表达这些紧张情绪。幸运的是，音乐家开始表演后，紧张往往很快就会消失)”指出表演者可能会通过咬下嘴唇等方式来表达紧张情绪，但是音乐家在表演的时候不会出现紧张情绪，所以紧张情绪不是音乐家出现这些奇怪面部表情的原因，C项“它们可能不会成为整个表演过程中出现这些奇怪面孔的主要原因。”承接上文，they代指上文的nerves，故选C。
30．上文“Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization.(另一件有趣的事情是，面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理影响。一些研究表明，某些面部动作可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性)”指出面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理影响——可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性，空处承接上文，指出这种生理影响对音乐家表演时所带来的好处，D项“这种效果对于演奏乐器时控制肌肉特别有帮助。”符合语境，Such effects呼应上文的activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization，故选D。
7.（2024·辽宁大连·高三统考期末）
For outdoor enthusiasts, it is crucial to be prepared for any sort of natural disaster in the open air. 31 . It includes what kinds of disasters may strike, and what resources should be taken on your trip.
32 Desert areas are more likely to be affected by droughts; coastal regions are more likely to see hurricanes; mountainous areas are likely to avalanches (雪崩) in winter and landslides in summer. Therefore, always do some research ahead of time to help you find right survival strategies in different conditions.
While you’re planning, the essential thing to consider is the things you should pack for your trip. Any disaster that may separate you from civilization for a period of time will require you to provide your own food, water, and shelter for at least a few days. 33 For disasters that may wet your equipment, flameless light sources are a must. What you bring with you should be suited to the disaster you might encounter.
Once you complete your survival plan, it’s better to review it periodically. When a natural disaster strikes, you probably won’t have time to go over a document or go online to seek advice. 34
If a natural disaster strikes while you are in the wilderness, you should put your survival plan into effect immediately. 35 Then contact others for help. Do not wait around to see if the disaster is really that serious, do not panic, and do not easily abandon your plan.
A．But this is not always the case.
B．It’s also a good idea to bring light sources.
C．That means having a disaster response plan.
D．It’s also great to consult with the specialists in person.
E．Consequently, revising it frequently is strongly recommended.
F．Different kinds of disasters are likely to occur in different areas.
G．Stay calm, act decisively, and begin working to keep yourself alive.
【答案】31．C 32．F 33．B 34．E 35．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就在自然灾害到来之前制定生存计划提出一些建议。
31．根据上文“For outdoor enthusiasts, it is crucial to be prepared for any sort of natural disaster in the open air.(对于户外运动爱好者来说，在户外为任何自然灾害做好准备是至关重要的)”和下文“It includes what kinds of disasters may strike, and what resources should be taken on your trip.(它包括什么类型的灾难可能会发生，以及在你的旅行中应该带什么资源)”可知，空处承上启下，针对上文提到的做好准备，应该有一个灾难应对计划，下文中则是计划的具体内容。C项中的“a disaster response plan”和下文中的“it”对应。C项：That means having a disaster response plan.(这意味着要有一个灾难应对计划)符合语境。故选C。
32．空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Desert areas are more likely to be affected by droughts; coastal regions are more likely to see hurricanes; mountainous areas are likely to avalanches (雪崩) in winter and landslides in summer.(沙漠地区更容易受到干旱的影响；沿海地区更容易出现飓风；山区冬季易发生雪崩，夏季易发生山体滑坡)”可知，本段主要讲述了不同地区会发生不同的灾害。F项中的“different areas”与下文的“Desert areas、coastal regions、mountainous areas”对应。F项：Different kinds of disasters are likely to occur in different areas.(不同的地区可能发生不同种类的灾害)符合语境。故选F。
33．根据上文“Any disaster that may separate you from civilization for a period of time will require you to provide your own food, water, and shelter for at least a few days.(任何可能将你与文明隔离一段时间的灾难将要求你提供你自己的食物，水，和至少几天的避难所)”可知，空处承接上文，提出需要准备的东西，结合下文“For disasters that may wet your equipment, flameless light sources are a must.(对于可能湿润你装备的灾害，无火光源是必不可少的)”可知，空处提到的东西是光源，B项中的“light sources”和下文中的“flameless light sources”对应。B项：It’s also a good idea to bring light sources.(带光源也是个好主意)符合语境。故选B。
34．根据上文“Once you complete your survival plan, it’s better to review it periodically. When a natural disaster strikes, you probably won’t have time to go over a document or go online to seek advice.(一旦你完成了生存计划，最好定期回顾一下。当自然灾害来袭时，你可能没有时间浏览文件或上网寻求建议)”可知，空处和上文形成因果关系，因为完成生存计划以后可能没有时间浏览文件或寻求建议，因此要经常修改它。E项：Consequently, revising it frequently is strongly recommended.(因此，强烈建议经常修改它)符合语境。故选E。
35．根据上文“If a natural disaster strikes while you are in the wilderness, you should put your survival plan into effect immediately.(当你在野外时，如果自然灾害袭击了你，你应该立即实施你的生存计划)”可知，空处承接上文，说明要采取果断行动，G项中的“act decisively”和上文中的“put your survival plan into effect immediately”对应。G项：Stay calm, act decisively, and begin working to keep yourself alive.(保持冷静，果断行动，开始努力让自己活下去)符合语境。故选G。
8.（2024·浙江杭州·学军中学校考模拟预测）
Green Is Good
Planting and growing things offers a lot more than fresh vegetables and flowers. Working in a nice outdoor space can help you control weight, help you stay fit, and sharpen your mind – and that’s just for starters. There are more advantages.
It’s a fun workout.
36 But if you find the idea of working in a garden a bit dull, knowing it’s doing you good physically might make it more entertaining. You plant seeds, pull up weeds, move pots, and push a lawnmower etc. 37 Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a purpose – and one that might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise.
It reduces your risk of heart disease.
Even though gardening may not involve high-intensity exercise, it still provides heart-health benefits. 38 The benefits come from a combination of physical exercise and the stress reduction that ‘playing in the dirt’ provides.
39
Having dirt under your fingernails may be a sign of poor hygiene (卫生), but scientists say it could also be a mark of good health. Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may improve your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier, according to research that includes a 2015 study published in the international journal Immuno Targets and Therapy.
It increases co-ordination (配合) and strength.
Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children. 40
A．It boosts your immune system.
B．It helps you stay fit physically and psychologically.
C．In fact, gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack.
D．It’s wonderful to get out in the garden on a beautiful day to give it a tidy.
E．Gardening is a great way to maintain those fine motor (肌肉运动的) skills and muscles.
F．The gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old.
G．More than just good exercise for your body, gardening provides a workout for your brain.
【答案】36．D 37．F 38．C 39．A 40．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了从事园艺的好处。
36．由下文“But if you find the idea of working in a garden a bit dull (但如果你觉得在花园里工作有点无聊)”可知，本空与下文为转折关系，要说跟“在花园里工作好”有关的话题，故D选项“It’s wonderful to get out in the garden on a beautiful day to give it a tidy. (在一个美丽的日子里到花园里打扫一下真是太好了。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。
37．由上文“You plant seeds, pull up weeds, move pots, and push a lawnmower etc. (你播种，拔草，搬花盆，推割草机等等。)”可知，本空要说跟“这些园艺活动”有关的话题，由下文“Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a purpose – and one that might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise. (更棒的是，无论你的年龄多大，它都是一项有目的的活动——它可能会让你比传统运动保持更长时间的运动。)”可知，本空要说跟“园艺活动与年龄”有关的话题，故F选项“The gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old. (园艺任务实际上为65岁以上的成年人提供了全身锻炼。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
38．由小标题“It reduces your risk of heart disease. (它能降低你患心脏病的风险。)”可知，本空要说跟“降低心脏病风险”有关的话题，故C选项“In fact, gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack. (事实上，园艺有助于降低心脏病发作的风险。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
39．空处为本段小标题，由下文“Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may improve your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier, according to research that includes a 2015 study published in the international journal Immuno Targets and Therapy. (根据一项研究，包括2015年发表在国际期刊《免疫目标与治疗》上的一项研究，由于土壤中发现的有益细菌，园艺可以改善你的免疫系统，帮助你少生病，更容易抵抗感染。)”可知，本空要说跟“免疫系统”有关的话题，故A选项“It boosts your immune system. (它能增强你的免疫系统。)”可以作为小标题。故选A。
40．由小标题“It increases co-ordination (配合) and strength. (它能增强协调性和力量。)”及上文“Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children. (手和手指的力量、灵活性和协调性对于打开罐子、搬运包裹和接孩子等日常工作至关重要。)”可知，本空要说跟“增强协调性和力量”有关的话题，故E选项“Gardening is a great way to maintain those fine motor (肌肉运动的) skills and muscles. (园艺是保持肌肉运动的技能和肌肉的好方法。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
9.（2024·河北张家口·高三统考期末）
What if I told you that having less stuff could make you a happier person 41 That’s because every day we receive thousands of messages to the contrary: buy this, and you’ll be prettier; own this, and you’ll be more successful; acquire this, and your happiness will know no bounds.
42 So we must be happy, right For most of us, the answer is “no”. In fact, many of these items, and their empty promises, are slowly taking the money out of our pockets, the magic out of our relationships, and the joy out of our lives.
Do you ever look around your house，at all the things you’ve got, and feel overwhelmed instead of overjoyed Are you struggling with credit card debt, and can barely recall the purchases on which you’re making payments Do you secretly wish strong wind would blow the mess out of your home 43
Most people hear the word “minimalism” and think of “empty”. The word is usually associated with loss. But look at “empty” from another angle. Now you have “space”. Space in our homes, space in our schedules, space to think, play, create, and have fun with our families... 44
We can’t enjoy fresh coffee when old grounds are in our cup; and we can’t showcase our garden’s blooms when wilted (枯萎的) flowers fill the vase. Similarly, when our homes—the containers of our daily lives—are over packed, our souls take a backseat to our stuff. 45 Becoming minimalists, however, puts us in control of our stuff. It’s positively liberating!
A．You may think I am crazy.
B．Now that’s the beauty of minimalism.
C．You have space for everything you bought.
D．Of course, all these questions can be answered.
E．Well, we’ve bought this, that, and the other thing.
F．If so, then a minimalist lifestyle may well be your choice.
G．We no longer have the time, energy, and space for new experiences.
【答案】41．A 42．E 43．F 44．B 45．G
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了极简主义生活方式以及其对人们的影响。
41．根据空前“What if I told you that having less stuff could make you a happier person (如果我告诉你拥有更少的东西可以让你成为一个更快乐的人呢？)”以及空后的“That’s because every day we receive thousands of messages to the contrary: buy this, and you’ll be prettier; own this, and you’ll be more successful; acquire this, and your happiness will know no bounds(这是因为我们每天都会收到成千上万条相反的信息:买这个，你会更漂亮；拥有这一点，你会更成功；掌握了这一点，你的幸福就会无限。)”可知，空前空后存在转折关系。选项A“You may think I am crazy.(你可能认为我疯了。)”承上启下，承接上文内容表明你可能不赞成这样的想法，同时引出下文内容，指出不赞同这一想法的原因。故选A。
42．根据下文内容“So we must be happy, right For most of us, the answer is “no”.(所以我们一定是快乐的，对吗？对我们大多数人来说，答案是否定的。)”可推断，空处应该指的是大众认为我们做了就会快乐的事情，也就是第一段最后的内容。选项E“Well, we’ve bought this, that, and the other thing.(嗯，我们买了这个，那个，还有那个。)”延续第一段最后的内容，指的是我们听从各种信息，购买了很多东西，但是我们真的就会快乐吗？由此因此下文内容，指出买各种东西并不能让我们快乐。故选E。
43．根据上文内容“Do you ever look around your house，at all the things you’ve got, and feel overwhelmed instead of overjoyed Are you struggling with credit card debt, and can barely recall the purchases on which you’re making payments Do you secretly wish strong wind would blow the mess out of your home (你是否曾经环顾你的房子，看到你拥有的所有东西，感到不知所措，而不是欣喜若狂？你是否在信用卡债务中挣扎，几乎不记得你支付过的购物？你是否暗自希望强风能把你家里乱七八糟的东西吹走？)”可知，上文描述了过度购买之后所陷入的困境。选项F“If so, then a minimalist lifestyle may well be your choice.(如果是这样，那么极简主义的生活方式很可能是你的选择。)”延续上文内容，指的是如果已经意识到过度购买并不能让自己开心，那么可以选择极简主义的生活方式。故选F。
44．根据上文内容“But look at “empty” from another angle. Now you have “space”. Space in our homes, space in our schedules, space to think, play, create, and have fun with our families...(但是从另一个角度来看“空”。现在你有了“空间”。我们家里的空间，我们日程表上的空间，思考、玩耍、创造和与家人玩乐的空间……)”可知，上文讲述的是极简主义带来的好处。选项B“Now that’s the beauty of minimalism.(这就是极简主义的美妙之处。)”是上文内容的总结，指出极简主义的美妙。故选B。
45．根据空前内容“Similarly, when our homes—the containers of our daily lives—are over packed, our souls take a backseat to our stuff.(同样，当我们的家——我们日常生活的容器——被挤得满满的时候，我们的灵魂就会让位于我们的物质。)”可知，当我们的家被挤得满满的时候，我们的灵魂就没有位置做其他事。选项G“We no longer have the time, energy, and space for new experiences.(我们不再有时间、精力和空间去体验新事物。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是当我们的灵魂让位于我们的物质时，我们就不会有时间、精力和空间去体验新事物。故选G。
10.（2024·四川攀枝花·统考二模）
How hardships make you stronger
Past hardships can help you carry on in the face of current stress. People who experienced a medium level of hardship reported better mental health and higher life satisfaction over time compared to both those who reported a high history of hardship and those with no history of hardship. 46
They can bring growth after sufferings. We may find it difficult to believe the suffering experiences will eventually lead to some type of growth. 47 . Post-traumatic (创伤后的) growth is the experience of positive change after going through a significantly stressful event. Researchers have discovered two common themes that people tend to report after experiencing a stressful event: spiritual growth and improved personal strength.
They build self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is the belief or the confidence in your ability to overcome difficulties and succeed. 48 . First, pick an area of confidence or a skill you want to develop. The best way to improve that skill is to learn by doing. If you want to improve your public speaking skills and ability, then you need to practice speaking in public. 49 Back to the public speaking example, you could watch video clips of great speakers on YouTube and take notes on how they tell stories or use humor. Lastly, you can improve by being coached by a credible and respected source. Meanwhile, you could turn to the people for help who can give you feedback as you work toward your goals.
They help you transform stress into a challenge. How you think about stress matters enormously in terms of how you process it. 50 , while others are able to see it as a challenge. With a challenge response, you get additional energy. In fact, people who are able to think about stress more like a challenge and less like a threat report less depression and anxiety, higher levels of energy, work performance and life satisfaction.
A．Some people view stress as a threat
B．It’s developed in three specific ways
C．The next best way to improve is to learn by observing others
D．The fact is that we can get the ability to become stronger after a difficult situation
E．That is because past struggles can help you become stronger in the following ways
F．Your world feels out of control right now and your stress levels are at an all-time high you face
G．The past struggles against hardships, even small ones, can help you step out of the trouble
【答案】46．E 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了困难如何让你变得更坚强。
46．上文“People who experienced a medium level of hardship reported better mental health and higher life satisfaction over time compared to both those who reported a high history of hardship and those with no history of hardship.(据报告，随着时间的推移，经历过中等程度困难的人比那些经历过严重困难和没有经历过困难的人有更好的心理健康和更高的生活满意度。)”指出经历过中等程度困难的人有更好的心理健康和更高的生活满意度，空处承接上文，解释其原因，E项“那是因为过去的苦难可以通过以下方式帮助你变得更坚强”符合，同时引起下文，下文“They can bring growth after sufferings. (它们可以在苦难之后带来成长。)”，“They build self-efficacy.(它们建立自我效能感。)”，“They help you transform stress into a challenge. (它们帮助您将压力转化为挑战。)”具体介绍了过去的苦难如何帮助你变得更坚强，故选E。
47．上文“We may find it difficult to believe the suffering experiences will eventually lead to some type of growth. (我们可能很难相信痛苦的经历最终会导致某种类型的成长。)”指出我们可能很难相信痛苦的经历最终会导致某种类型的成长。下文“Post-traumatic (创伤后的) growth is the experience of positive change after going through a significantly stressful event. Researchers have discovered two common themes that people tend to report after experiencing a stressful event: spiritual growth and improved personal strength.(创伤后成长是指经历重大压力事件后积极变化的经历。研究人员发现，人们在经历压力事件后往往会报告两个常见的主题：精神成长和个人力量的提高。)”指出创伤后会导致个人成长，由此可知，前后是转折关系，D项“事实是，我们可以在经历困难之后获得变得更强的能力”符合，与上文是转折关系，同时引起下文，故选D。
48．上文“Self-efficacy is the belief or the confidence in your ability to overcome difficulties and succeed(自我效能是对自己克服困难并取得成功的能力的信念或信心)”介绍了自我能效的含义，下文“First, pick an area of confidence or a skill you want to develop.(首先，选择一个你想要发展的自信领域或技能。)”，“Lastly, you can improve by being coached by a credible and respected source.(最后，您可以通过接受可靠且受人尊敬的人士的指导来提高。)”从不同得的方面具体介绍了如何建立自我效能，B项“它以三种具体方式发展”符合，it代指上文提的Self-efficacy，故选B。
49．上文“First, pick an area of confidence or a skill you want to develop.(首先，选择一个你想要发展的自信领域或技能。)”和下文“Lastly, you can improve by being coached by a credible and respected source.(最后，您可以通过接受可靠且受人尊敬的人士的指导来提高。)”分别介绍了如何建立自我效能，尤其是根据First和Lastly得知，空处也应是介绍建立自我效能的方法，C项“下一个最好的提高方法是通过观察他人来学习”符合，下文“Back to the public speaking example, you could watch video clips of great speakers on YouTube and take notes on how they tell stories or use humor.(回到公开演讲的例子，您可以在YouTube上观看优秀演讲者的视频剪辑，并记录他们如何讲故事或使用幽默。)”举例子介绍了通过观察他人来建立自我效能，故选C。
50．上文“How you think about stress matters enormously in terms of how you process it.(你如何看待压力对于你如何处理压力非常重要)”指出如何看待压力很重要，根据下文“while others are able to see it as a challenge.(而其他人则认为这是一个挑战。)”中的while可知，空处和下文是对比关系，应指出一些人对压力的看法，A项“有些人将压力视为威胁”符合，故选A。
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