2026人教版新教材英语高考第一轮同步基础练--选择性必修第1册 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2026人教版新教材英语高考第一轮同步基础练--选择性必修第1册 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND（含答案与解析） |  | |
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分)
A(2024浙江台州二模)
In the early 19th century,New England farmers,tired of wrestling with their poor land,journeyed to the Midwest.In states like Illinois and Iowa,they found rich,black soil.Unfortunately,many soon felt like thirsty sailors in the middle of the ocean—water everywhere but not a drop to drink.They were surrounded by fertile soil,but had to stop every few seconds to remove the sticky dirt off their iron plows (犁) with large wooden paddles.This dilemma caught the attention of John Deere,a blacksmith who moved to Illinois in 1836.
Deere decided to look into the problem.From his previous work on plows,he knew that dirt was less likely to stick to highly polished metal.That thought was in the back of his mind when he visited a sawmill (锯木厂) in 1837 and noticed a broken saw made of steel.Deere brought it home and began making a better plow.The plow he wanted would have to cut deep into the soil at a sharp angle so that dirt would fall off,yet it could not put too much burden on the horses pulling it.After several experiments,Deere constructed a new plow that featured wood handles.It proved a success.Unlike the old iron plows,Deere’s not only had a blade from which dirt fell away cleanly,but it also turned the soil more efficiently and quickly.
Demand for Deere’s plows increased sharply,but production was limited by the shortage of polished steel.Initially,Deere could only produce a few plows each year.However,Deere’s persistence paid off as he sourced cheaper steel from Pittsburgh.Amazingly,in 1857,his company manufactured and sold 10,000 plows!
Deere,a perfectionist,continually improved his plows,introducing multiple new versions in a single year.While this slowed down his production,it ensured Deere a solid reputation among his customers.Deere’s plows became world-famous in the 1870s when they outshone the competition in a demonstration in France.That same decade,his company built its first riding plow and designed the leaping deer as its trademark.
1.What was the main problem the newly settled farmers met
A.A shortage of fresh water.
B.A lack of rich farming land.
C.The trouble in handling the soil on plows.
D.The difficulty of growing plants in season.
2.Which aspect of the new plow does paragraph 2 focus on
A.Its unique features.
B.Its operating method.
C.Its invention process.
D.Its working efficiency.
3.The last paragraph is mainly about Deere’s plows’ .
A.wide recognition
B.marketing strategy
C.technical standards
D.production challenges
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.A Famed Farmer
B.A Successful Company
C.A Sticky Problem
D.A Historical Experiment
B(2024福建厦门三模)
Urban agriculture,the practice of farming within the restrictions of a city,is becoming increasingly popular and is viewed as a sustainable alternative to big industrial farms.By some estimates,between 20% and 30% of the global urban population engages in some form of urban agriculture.But until recently,its carbon footprint remains understudied.
Using data from 73 low-tech city farms,community gardens and personal plots of land,Newell and his team compared the average carbon emissions of food produced at low-tech urban agriculture sites to those of conventionally grown crops.The team found that because of urban gardens’ relatively low yields,along with the energy used in constructing the planting beds,big-city spuds (马铃薯) were significantly more carbon-intensive than commercially grown ones.This held true even when the researchers factored in emissions from transporting commercially grown produce to often distant grocery stores.That doesn’t mean that growing vegetables in big cities is totally bad,however.“Urban farming is great,if imperfect,”says Carola Grebitus,a food choice expert.It can be a powerful tool for job creation and education,she says,and a good way to introduce fresh produce to urban “food deserts” where healthy fruits and vegetables are hard to come by.Community gardens can also provide a place to connect with nature,and the added green space can reduce the risks of heat and flooding.
Conscious of these benefits,Newell’s team highlighted several ways to make urban agriculture more sustainable.One option is to be selective about what crops are grown.For instance,tomatoes grown in the soil of open-air urban plots had a lower carbon intensity than tomatoes grown in conventional greenhouses.Another strategy is to rely on existing constructions.Include old structures into a new garden’s design instead of taking down old buildings.Finally,take the local climate,water quality and soil into account.Growing plants that are ill-suited to an area requires more water,energy and pesticides (杀虫剂),all of which affect the environment.
5.What can we know about urban agriculture from paragraph 1
A.It is thoroughly researched.
B.It is welcomed by city people.
C.It is environmentally friendly.
D.It is limited to industrial farms.
6.How does the author explain the reason for urban agriculture’s higher carbon intensity
A.By making a comparison.
B.By telling a story.
C.By giving a definition.
D.By using a quote.
7.According to Carola,what is a benefit of urban agriculture
A.It adds variety to urban people’s diet.
B.It provides recreational opportunities.
C.It strengthens the bonds of community.
D.It helps to contain drought and flooding.
8.What is recommended to make urban agriculture more sustainable
A.Reconstructing gardens.
B.Developing greenhouse crops.
C.Selecting pesticide-free vegetables.
D.Growing plants suited to local conditions.
C(2025浙江嘉兴模拟)
The Malagasy baobab trees,a typical feature of Madagascar’s landscape,should have disappeared long ago due to the extinction of its former seed-distributing animals.However,it did not.Seheno Andriantsaralaza at the University of Antananarivo in Madagascar and Onja Razafindratsima at the University of California,Berkeley,now think they may know the reason.
Together with their colleagues,the scientists monitored 15 trees to find new baobab seed-distributing animals in a western Madagascar region.They also set up camera traps around seed-containing fruits,and searched any feces (粪便) along the way for the presence of seeds.
They report in the journal Biotropica that a native rat was caught on camera handling whole fruits on four occasions.Although there was no record of the rat breaking the fruits open,the team found 13 fruits that had been chewed into and had their seeds removed.Though the bite marks were not clear enough to identify a culprit (肇事者),this was clear evidence that a seed-distributing animal was out there.They then found convincing evidence:baobab seeds in seven different piles of bush-pig feces.
The discovery is not without irony (讽刺).Scientists believe bush pigs were brought to Madagascar by humans sometime between 1,000 and 5,000 years ago,just as the former seed-distributing animals were going extinct.Their arrival was a lucky break for the baobabs,especially as scientists have determined a seed’s journey through the pig-like digestive system doesn’t reduce its ability to grow.
While the finding is important in its own right,it also provides valuable evidence that introduced species may not be entirely harmful.Madagascar’s pigs,for example,though not native,have made themselves essential to the survival of truly native species.Similar relationships are suspected to hold in South America between rabbits native to Europe and plants with no seed distributors.For Dr.Andriantsaralaza,that suggests the full ecological role of introduced species should be considered before talk of extinction begins.
9.What is the study aimed at
A.Monitoring endangered baobab trees.
B.Discovering why baobab trees still exist.
C.Preserving the landscape of Madagascar.
D.Investigating how animals distribute seeds.
10.What led the scientists to identify the real culprit
A.The clear bite marks on the fruits.
B.The number of fruits broken open.
C.Where the removed baobab seeds lay.
D.How a native rat handled whole fruits.
11.What is the writer’s attitude towards introduced species
A.Dismissive. B.Conventional.
C.Enthusiastic. D.Fair.
12.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Species Savers:Malagasy Bush Pigs.
B.Seed Distributors:Malagasy Baobabs.
C.Ecological Role of Seed-containing Fruits.
D.Disappearance of Seed-distributing Animals.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分)
(2025山东济南一中模拟)
How to Stop Being a People Pleaser
As a recovering people pleaser,I spent much of my life keeping others happy.Breaking this habit meant stepping on a few toes.However,I’ve become a happier person as a result. Here are some tips I used to stop being a people pleaser.
Identify your priorities.Take a moment to think about why you are trying to learn how to stop being a people pleaser.Who are the people that you feel the need to please 13 Answering these questions will help you set a goal that you can hold yourself accountable to.
Just say “no”.One reason why people pleasers say “yes” to everything is that they fear disappointing others. 14 If you are a people pleaser,you are likely to spend lots of energy trying to control how people feel about you.The best thing you can do is let them feel their feelings.It will feel liberating to free yourself from being responsible for someone else’s reaction.
15 Saying “no” is a good way to set better boundaries in your important relationships.All healthy relationships have their own boundaries.If you haven’t set boundaries in your relationships,the odds are that at some point you will end up feeling pressured to do something you don’t want to do.
Accept yourself.Many people pleasers are insecure about who they are. 16 Check out our summary of Brené Brown’s The Gifts of Imperfection to learn how to accept your imperfections and love yourself.
Remember that you cannot please everyone.No matter what you do there will always be someone who is unhappy with your choices. 17
A.Set healthy boundaries.
B.Keep healthy relationships.
C.Why do you feel the need to keep them happy
D.Spend some time learning to love yourself for who you are.
E.And why bother trying to please everyone if it isn’t possible
F.But saying “no” is the best way to take care of your own needs.
G.That is why the more you seek security,the less of it you have.
答案：
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了19世纪初期,新英格兰的农民迁移到中西部地区寻找肥沃的土地进行耕作,但遇到了土壤黏附铁犁的问题,铁匠约翰·迪尔发明了一种新犁来解决这一难题。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Unfortunately,many soon felt like thirsty sailors in the middle of the ocean—water everywhere but not a drop to drink.They were surrounded by fertile soil,but had to stop every few seconds to remove the sticky dirt off their iron plows with large wooden paddles.”可知,新定居的农民遇到的主要问题是处理犁上的泥土。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Deere decided to look into the problem...more efficiently and quickly.”可知,本段关注的是新犁的发明过程。
3.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Deere,a perfectionist,continually improved his plows...as its trademark.”可知,本段主要讲述了迪尔的犁获得广泛的认可。
4.C 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,本文讲述了19世纪初期,新英格兰的农民迁移到中西部地区寻找肥沃的土地进行耕作,但遇到了土壤黏附铁犁的问题,铁匠约翰·迪尔发明了一种新犁来解决这一难题,所以C项“A Sticky Problem(棘手的问题)”是本文最好的标题。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市农业受欢迎,其缺点和优点以及确保城市农业可持续性发展的策略。
5.B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Urban agriculture,the practice of farming within the restrictions of a city,is becoming increasingly popular and is viewed as a sustainable alternative to big industrial farms.By some estimates,between 20% and 30% of the global urban population engages in some form of urban agriculture.”可知,我们可以知道城市农业受到城市居民的欢迎。
6.A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Using data from 73 low-tech city farms,community gardens and personal plots of land,Newell and his team compared the average carbon emissions of food produced at low-tech urban agriculture sites to those of conventionally grown crops.”可知,作者通过作比较的方法来解释城市农业碳强度较高的原因。
7.A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“‘Urban farming is great,if imperfect,’says Carola Grebitus,a food choice expert.It can be a powerful tool for job creation and education,she says,and a good way to introduce fresh produce to urban ‘food deserts’ where healthy fruits and vegetables are hard to come by.”可知,城市农业的好处之一是它增加了城市居民饮食的多样性。
8.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Finally,take the local climate,water quality and soil into account.Growing plants that are ill-suited to an area requires more water,energy and pesticides (杀虫剂),all of which affect the environment.”可知,文章建议种植适合当地条件的植物,这样可以使城市农业更加可持续发展。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家发现马达加斯加丛林猪虽然是入侵物种,但是间接保护了猴面包树,解释了研究开展的经过和发现。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Malagasy baobab trees...now think they may know the reason.”可知,这项研究的目的是发现猴面包树仍然存在的原因。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Though the bite marks were not clear enough to identify a culprit (肇事者),this was clear evidence that a seed-distributing animal was out there.They then found convincing evidence:baobab seeds in seven different piles of bush-pig feces.”可知,取出的猴面包树种子埋在哪里让科学家们确定了真正的罪魁祸首。
11.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While the finding is important in its own right,it also provides valuable evidence that introduced species may not be entirely harmful.”可知,作者认为引进物种合理。
12.A 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“Scientists believe bush pigs were brought to Madagascar...reduce its ability to grow.”可知,文章主要说明了科学家发现马达加斯加丛林猪虽然是入侵物种,但是间接保护了猴面包树,解释了研究开展的经过和发现。因此A项“物种保护者:马达加斯加丛林猪”最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何停止取悦他人,从而成为一个更快乐的人的建议。
13.C 根据下文“Answering these questions will help you set a goal that you can hold yourself accountable to”可知,上文应提出一些问题,而C项“Why do you feel the need to keep them happy ”符合语境,能够承接上下文。其中them指代上文中的“the people that you feel the need to please”,该句也和下文questions对应。
14.F 根据上文“Just say ‘no’.One reason why people pleasers say ‘yes’ to everything is that they fear disappointing others.”可知,此处建议我们学会说“不”。而F项“But saying ‘no’ is the best way to take care of your own needs.”能够衔接上文,且与上文形成转折关系,符合语境。
15.A 根据下文“Saying ‘no’ is a good way to set better boundaries in your important relationships.All healthy relationships have their own boundaries.”可知,这里建议设定健康的界限。而A项“Set healthy boundaries.”符合语境,对下文有总括作用,适合作本段小标题。故选A项。
16.D 根据上文“Accept yourself.Many people pleasers are insecure about who they are.”可知,本段建议接受真实的自己。而D项“Spend some time learning to love yourself for who you are.”符合语境,其中who you are与上文who they are对应,有承上作用。
17.E 根据上文“Remember that you cannot please everyone.No matter what you do there will always be someone who is unhappy with your choices.”可知,这里讲我们不可能取悦所有人。而E项“And why bother trying to please everyone if it isn’t possible ”能够衔接上文,构成因果关系,符合语境。
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UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分)
A(2024浙江台州二模)
In the early 19th century,New England farmers,tired of wrestling with their poor land,journeyed to the Midwest.In states like Illinois and Iowa,they found rich,black soil.Unfortunately,many soon felt like thirsty sailors in the middle of the ocean—water everywhere but not a drop to drink.They were surrounded by fertile soil,but had to stop every few seconds to remove the sticky dirt off their iron plows (犁) with large wooden paddles.This dilemma caught the attention of John Deere,a blacksmith who moved to Illinois in 1836.
Deere decided to look into the problem.From his previous work on plows,he knew that dirt was less likely to stick to highly polished metal.That thought was in the back of his mind when he visited a sawmill (锯木厂) in 1837 and noticed a broken saw made of steel.Deere brought it home and began making a better plow.The plow he wanted would have to cut deep into the soil at a sharp angle so that dirt would fall off,yet it could not put too much burden on the horses pulling it.After several experiments,Deere constructed a new plow that featured wood handles.It proved a success.Unlike the old iron plows,Deere’s not only had a blade from which dirt fell away cleanly,but it also turned the soil more efficiently and quickly.
Demand for Deere’s plows increased sharply,but production was limited by the shortage of polished steel.Initially,Deere could only produce a few plows each year.However,Deere’s persistence paid off as he sourced cheaper steel from Pittsburgh.Amazingly,in 1857,his company manufactured and sold 10,000 plows!
Deere,a perfectionist,continually improved his plows,introducing multiple new versions in a single year.While this slowed down his production,it ensured Deere a solid reputation among his customers.Deere’s plows became world-famous in the 1870s when they outshone the competition in a demonstration in France.That same decade,his company built its first riding plow and designed the leaping deer as its trademark.
1.What was the main problem the newly settled farmers met
A.A shortage of fresh water.
B.A lack of rich farming land.
C.The trouble in handling the soil on plows.
D.The difficulty of growing plants in season.
2.Which aspect of the new plow does paragraph 2 focus on
A.Its unique features.
B.Its operating method.
C.Its invention process.
D.Its working efficiency.
3.The last paragraph is mainly about Deere’s plows’ .
A.wide recognition
B.marketing strategy
C.technical standards
D.production challenges
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.A Famed Farmer
B.A Successful Company
C.A Sticky Problem
D.A Historical Experiment
B(2024福建厦门三模)
Urban agriculture,the practice of farming within the restrictions of a city,is becoming increasingly popular and is viewed as a sustainable alternative to big industrial farms.By some estimates,between 20% and 30% of the global urban population engages in some form of urban agriculture.But until recently,its carbon footprint remains understudied.
Using data from 73 low-tech city farms,community gardens and personal plots of land,Newell and his team compared the average carbon emissions of food produced at low-tech urban agriculture sites to those of conventionally grown crops.The team found that because of urban gardens’ relatively low yields,along with the energy used in constructing the planting beds,big-city spuds (马铃薯) were significantly more carbon-intensive than commercially grown ones.This held true even when the researchers factored in emissions from transporting commercially grown produce to often distant grocery stores.That doesn’t mean that growing vegetables in big cities is totally bad,however.“Urban farming is great,if imperfect,”says Carola Grebitus,a food choice expert.It can be a powerful tool for job creation and education,she says,and a good way to introduce fresh produce to urban “food deserts” where healthy fruits and vegetables are hard to come by.Community gardens can also provide a place to connect with nature,and the added green space can reduce the risks of heat and flooding.
Conscious of these benefits,Newell’s team highlighted several ways to make urban agriculture more sustainable.One option is to be selective about what crops are grown.For instance,tomatoes grown in the soil of open-air urban plots had a lower carbon intensity than tomatoes grown in conventional greenhouses.Another strategy is to rely on existing constructions.Include old structures into a new garden’s design instead of taking down old buildings.Finally,take the local climate,water quality and soil into account.Growing plants that are ill-suited to an area requires more water,energy and pesticides (杀虫剂),all of which affect the environment.
5.What can we know about urban agriculture from paragraph 1
A.It is thoroughly researched.
B.It is welcomed by city people.
C.It is environmentally friendly.
D.It is limited to industrial farms.
6.How does the author explain the reason for urban agriculture’s higher carbon intensity
A.By making a comparison.
B.By telling a story.
C.By giving a definition.
D.By using a quote.
7.According to Carola,what is a benefit of urban agriculture
A.It adds variety to urban people’s diet.
B.It provides recreational opportunities.
C.It strengthens the bonds of community.
D.It helps to contain drought and flooding.
8.What is recommended to make urban agriculture more sustainable
A.Reconstructing gardens.
B.Developing greenhouse crops.
C.Selecting pesticide-free vegetables.
D.Growing plants suited to local conditions.
C(2025浙江嘉兴模拟)
The Malagasy baobab trees,a typical feature of Madagascar’s landscape,should have disappeared long ago due to the extinction of its former seed-distributing animals.However,it did not.Seheno Andriantsaralaza at the University of Antananarivo in Madagascar and Onja Razafindratsima at the University of California,Berkeley,now think they may know the reason.
Together with their colleagues,the scientists monitored 15 trees to find new baobab seed-distributing animals in a western Madagascar region.They also set up camera traps around seed-containing fruits,and searched any feces (粪便) along the way for the presence of seeds.
They report in the journal Biotropica that a native rat was caught on camera handling whole fruits on four occasions.Although there was no record of the rat breaking the fruits open,the team found 13 fruits that had been chewed into and had their seeds removed.Though the bite marks were not clear enough to identify a culprit (肇事者),this was clear evidence that a seed-distributing animal was out there.They then found convincing evidence:baobab seeds in seven different piles of bush-pig feces.
The discovery is not without irony (讽刺).Scientists believe bush pigs were brought to Madagascar by humans sometime between 1,000 and 5,000 years ago,just as the former seed-distributing animals were going extinct.Their arrival was a lucky break for the baobabs,especially as scientists have determined a seed’s journey through the pig-like digestive system doesn’t reduce its ability to grow.
While the finding is important in its own right,it also provides valuable evidence that introduced species may not be entirely harmful.Madagascar’s pigs,for example,though not native,have made themselves essential to the survival of truly native species.Similar relationships are suspected to hold in South America between rabbits native to Europe and plants with no seed distributors.For Dr.Andriantsaralaza,that suggests the full ecological role of introduced species should be considered before talk of extinction begins.
9.What is the study aimed at
A.Monitoring endangered baobab trees.
B.Discovering why baobab trees still exist.
C.Preserving the landscape of Madagascar.
D.Investigating how animals distribute seeds.
10.What led the scientists to identify the real culprit
A.The clear bite marks on the fruits.
B.The number of fruits broken open.
C.Where the removed baobab seeds lay.
D.How a native rat handled whole fruits.
11.What is the writer’s attitude towards introduced species
A.Dismissive. B.Conventional.
C.Enthusiastic. D.Fair.
12.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Species Savers:Malagasy Bush Pigs.
B.Seed Distributors:Malagasy Baobabs.
C.Ecological Role of Seed-containing Fruits.
D.Disappearance of Seed-distributing Animals.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分)
(2025山东济南一中模拟)
How to Stop Being a People Pleaser
As a recovering people pleaser,I spent much of my life keeping others happy.Breaking this habit meant stepping on a few toes.However,I’ve become a happier person as a result. Here are some tips I used to stop being a people pleaser.
Identify your priorities.Take a moment to think about why you are trying to learn how to stop being a people pleaser.Who are the people that you feel the need to please 13 Answering these questions will help you set a goal that you can hold yourself accountable to.
Just say “no”.One reason why people pleasers say “yes” to everything is that they fear disappointing others. 14 If you are a people pleaser,you are likely to spend lots of energy trying to control how people feel about you.The best thing you can do is let them feel their feelings.It will feel liberating to free yourself from being responsible for someone else’s reaction.
15 Saying “no” is a good way to set better boundaries in your important relationships.All healthy relationships have their own boundaries.If you haven’t set boundaries in your relationships,the odds are that at some point you will end up feeling pressured to do something you don’t want to do.
Accept yourself.Many people pleasers are insecure about who they are. 16 Check out our summary of Brené Brown’s The Gifts of Imperfection to learn how to accept your imperfections and love yourself.
Remember that you cannot please everyone.No matter what you do there will always be someone who is unhappy with your choices. 17
A.Set healthy boundaries.
B.Keep healthy relationships.
C.Why do you feel the need to keep them happy
D.Spend some time learning to love yourself for who you are.
E.And why bother trying to please everyone if it isn’t possible
F.But saying “no” is the best way to take care of your own needs.
G.That is why the more you seek security,the less of it you have.
答案：
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了19世纪初期,新英格兰的农民迁移到中西部地区寻找肥沃的土地进行耕作,但遇到了土壤黏附铁犁的问题,铁匠约翰·迪尔发明了一种新犁来解决这一难题。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Unfortunately,many soon felt like thirsty sailors in the middle of the ocean—water everywhere but not a drop to drink.They were surrounded by fertile soil,but had to stop every few seconds to remove the sticky dirt off their iron plows with large wooden paddles.”可知,新定居的农民遇到的主要问题是处理犁上的泥土。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Deere decided to look into the problem...more efficiently and quickly.”可知,本段关注的是新犁的发明过程。
3.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Deere,a perfectionist,continually improved his plows...as its trademark.”可知,本段主要讲述了迪尔的犁获得广泛的认可。
4.C 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,本文讲述了19世纪初期,新英格兰的农民迁移到中西部地区寻找肥沃的土地进行耕作,但遇到了土壤黏附铁犁的问题,铁匠约翰·迪尔发明了一种新犁来解决这一难题,所以C项“A Sticky Problem(棘手的问题)”是本文最好的标题。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市农业受欢迎,其缺点和优点以及确保城市农业可持续性发展的策略。
5.B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Urban agriculture,the practice of farming within the restrictions of a city,is becoming increasingly popular and is viewed as a sustainable alternative to big industrial farms.By some estimates,between 20% and 30% of the global urban population engages in some form of urban agriculture.”可知,我们可以知道城市农业受到城市居民的欢迎。
6.A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Using data from 73 low-tech city farms,community gardens and personal plots of land,Newell and his team compared the average carbon emissions of food produced at low-tech urban agriculture sites to those of conventionally grown crops.”可知,作者通过作比较的方法来解释城市农业碳强度较高的原因。
7.A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“‘Urban farming is great,if imperfect,’says Carola Grebitus,a food choice expert.It can be a powerful tool for job creation and education,she says,and a good way to introduce fresh produce to urban ‘food deserts’ where healthy fruits and vegetables are hard to come by.”可知,城市农业的好处之一是它增加了城市居民饮食的多样性。
8.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Finally,take the local climate,water quality and soil into account.Growing plants that are ill-suited to an area requires more water,energy and pesticides (杀虫剂),all of which affect the environment.”可知,文章建议种植适合当地条件的植物,这样可以使城市农业更加可持续发展。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家发现马达加斯加丛林猪虽然是入侵物种,但是间接保护了猴面包树,解释了研究开展的经过和发现。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Malagasy baobab trees...now think they may know the reason.”可知,这项研究的目的是发现猴面包树仍然存在的原因。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Though the bite marks were not clear enough to identify a culprit (肇事者),this was clear evidence that a seed-distributing animal was out there.They then found convincing evidence:baobab seeds in seven different piles of bush-pig feces.”可知,取出的猴面包树种子埋在哪里让科学家们确定了真正的罪魁祸首。
11.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While the finding is important in its own right,it also provides valuable evidence that introduced species may not be entirely harmful.”可知,作者认为引进物种合理。
12.A 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“Scientists believe bush pigs were brought to Madagascar...reduce its ability to grow.”可知,文章主要说明了科学家发现马达加斯加丛林猪虽然是入侵物种,但是间接保护了猴面包树,解释了研究开展的经过和发现。因此A项“物种保护者:马达加斯加丛林猪”最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何停止取悦他人,从而成为一个更快乐的人的建议。
13.C 根据下文“Answering these questions will help you set a goal that you can hold yourself accountable to”可知,上文应提出一些问题,而C项“Why do you feel the need to keep them happy ”符合语境,能够承接上下文。其中them指代上文中的“the people that you feel the need to please”,该句也和下文questions对应。
14.F 根据上文“Just say ‘no’.One reason why people pleasers say ‘yes’ to everything is that they fear disappointing others.”可知,此处建议我们学会说“不”。而F项“But saying ‘no’ is the best way to take care of your own needs.”能够衔接上文,且与上文形成转折关系,符合语境。
15.A 根据下文“Saying ‘no’ is a good way to set better boundaries in your important relationships.All healthy relationships have their own boundaries.”可知,这里建议设定健康的界限。而A项“Set healthy boundaries.”符合语境,对下文有总括作用,适合作本段小标题。故选A项。
16.D 根据上文“Accept yourself.Many people pleasers are insecure about who they are.”可知,本段建议接受真实的自己。而D项“Spend some time learning to love yourself for who you are.”符合语境,其中who you are与上文who they are对应,有承上作用。
17.E 根据上文“Remember that you cannot please everyone.No matter what you do there will always be someone who is unhappy with your choices.”可知,这里讲我们不可能取悦所有人。而E项“And why bother trying to please everyone if it isn’t possible ”能够衔接上文,构成因果关系,符合语境。
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