2026人教版新教材英语高考第一轮同步基础练--选择性必修第2册 UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2026人教版新教材英语高考第一轮同步基础练--选择性必修第2册 UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS（含答案与解析） |  | |
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UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分)
A(2024湖南益阳三模)
College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students,forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls.But when your professor is a social media star,it’s a little bit easier.
Tatiana Erukhimova,who teaches physics at Texas A&M University,has managed to get her students,as well as future generations,excited about the science.Known as “Dr.Tatiana” to her students and online fan base,the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm.Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across TikTok and other social media platforms.
In the kid-friendly videos,Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments,from pingpong balls and toilet paper to marshmallows,bicycle wheels and hair dryers.She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success.“This is just one of our ways to connect with people to make physics accessible to people,” she tells NPR.As part of the physics department’s extensive outreach program,she also puts on shows almost every week teaching physics to K-12 students.“The sooner kids are taught physics and taught it well,the better,” she says.
It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science.But it wasn’t always that way.When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago,she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students.She was used to teaching juniors,as she had for a few years prior to that.But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students,first impressions are make or break.
“I did not grab their attention on the first day — that was my mistake,” she says.“I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning,and then it took me a while to find my voice.”
By the second semester,she found her footing,tweaking her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller,and get her students engaged.The key,she says,has been to make herself approachable and her instruction personal.
1.What is the main challenge faced by college professors in large lecture halls
A.Competition with smartphones and laptops.
B.Limited resources for teaching materials.
C.Inadequate support from the university.
D.Lack of interest from students.
2.What role does the university marketing team play in Tatiana Erukhimova’s social media success
A.Encouraging students to use social media.
B.Creating TikTok accounts for professors.
C.Producing videos of her physics lessons.
D.Promoting weekly teaching program.
3.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Erukhimova’s junior students in paragraph 4
A.To review her teaching plans.
B.To show an application of her idea.
C.To highlight the differences of teaching.
D.To erase doubts about her approaches.
4.What lesson did Tatiana Erukhimova learn when she initially started teaching college freshmen
A.The importance of establishing a personal connection with students.
B.The significance of focusing on junior-level students.
C.The effectiveness of traditional teaching methods.
D.The need for advanced teaching materials.
B(2024湖北八市一模)
Chinese scientists have created a breakthrough fibre that can be woven into warm,lightweight clothing using aerogel,a thermal insulation(热绝缘) material mainly used in the aerospace industry.
Aerogel,notable for their performance and durability,could have various applications.As the world’s lightest solid material,it has long been valued for its thermal insulation properties.Traditional aerogel,made by replacing the liquid in aerogel with air,is extraordinarily light,resembling a solid cloud of smoke.Its high porosity (多孔性) gives it exceptional heat resistance,but this also makes it fragile and challenging to process,limiting its use in civilian applications.
But now,researchers at Zhejiang University have overcome aerogel’s fragility and designed an encapsulated aerogel fibre (EAF) with similar thermal insulation mechanisms—after being inspired by the structure of polar bear hair.
China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation as well as Nasa has used EAF in Mars Rovers,which endure extreme temperatures ranging from thousands of degrees during the Martian landing to-130 degrees Celsius (-202 degrees Fahrenheit) on the planet’s surface.
In an experiment,a volunteer wore textiles (纺织品) made of EAF,down,wool,and cotton in a-20 degree Celsius environment.The surface temperatures of these materials were 3.5 degrees,3.8 degrees,7.2 degrees,and 10.8 degrees respectively,indicating the superior insulation of EAF.They showed the practicality of EAF by weaving a jumper and comparing its thermal insulation to common textile materials.
As well as being strong and stretchable,EAF can also be washed and dyed,improving its use in practical applications.Traditional silica aerogel will absorb water and collapse on itself.As a result,it quickly loses its thermal insulation qualities in wet or humid environments.However,EAF maintains its performance even after machine washing.
Professor Zhang Xuetong of the Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences,highlighted the potential of the aerogel fibres in advanced thermal textiles.As well as its potential for civilian use,EAF fibre also holds promise for industries that are already familiar with aerogels.“EAF textiles feature excellent thermal insulation and multifunction and have great potential in areas such as military uniforms and spacesuits in extremely cold environments,” professor Zhang noted in a paper.However,he also noted the gap between existing technology and capacity for mass production.Challenges exist regarding how to develop fast-spinning technology and resolve the continuous fabrication that is necessary for mass production.
5.What is the characteristic of traditional aerogel
A.It can be easily processed.
B.It is resistant to high temperatures.
C.It is a solid cloud of smoke.
D.It can effectively insulate electricity.
6.What is EAF’s advantage in enduring extreme temperature based on
A.Research statistics.
B.Public comments.
C.Scientific prediction.
D.Commercial reports.
7.Professor Zhang Xuetong’s study found that mass production could be possible if .
A.advancement is made in thermal textiles
B.there exists need for continuous fabrication
C.barriers in fast-spinning technology are overcome
D.aerogel’s strengths and weaknesses get balanced
8.What is the text mainly about
A.The development of aerogel fibre.
B.The potential use of biomimetic fibre.
C.Great breakthrough in aerospace industry.
D.China’s newly-woven clothing made from aerogel.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分)
(2024河北邯郸部分学校三模)
Dr.Francis Collins is one of America’s leading scientists.In an interview,Dr.Collins was asked if there was any special spark (火花) or any moment in particular that 9 him to pursue a life of science.Dr.Collins 10 that in fact there was.He said that when he was in high school,on the first day of his first science course,the teacher handed each student a box 11 .The boxes were sealed (封住) on the outside and hollow (空的) on the inside.But each box 12 something.And as young Collins turned the box on its side and turned it around,he could 13 something rolling around inside.
What was it The teacher told the students that their 14 was to determine what was inside the box.They could 15 any kind of test or ask any kind of question that would lead them to find out what was inside the box.But they couldn’t 16 the box.They had to find ways to 17 what was in the box.
“That’s what 18 is,” the teacher carefully 19 ,“being curious,and thinking of questions to ask,until you find out the answer.” Dr.Collins was 20 .He said that that day in class completely 21 his life.From then on,he was 22 to spending a life in science,where his job was to be 23 and ask lots of questions.
9.A.forced B.inspired
C.ordered D.requested
10.A.doubted B.recognized
C.imagined D.replied
11.A.carefully B.hurriedly
C.secretly D.impatiently
12.A.represented B.meant
C.contained D.told
13.A.see B.hear
C.fancy D.monitor
14.A.campaign B.desire
C.ambition D.assignment
15.A.avoid B.design
C.pass D.mark
16.A.open B.roll
C.throw D.hit
17.A.pick up B.draw on
C.figure out D.stick to
18.A.experiment B.science
C.education D.study
19.A.answered B.apologized
C.argued D.explained
20.A.attracted B.confused
C.frightened D.disappointed
21.A.controlled B.improved
C.saved D.changed
22.A.opposed B.exposed
C.committed D.used
23.A.curious B.smart
C.generous D.optimistic
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分)
(2025八省联考)
In 2010,the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages.The goal was two-fold:24. (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 25. (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication,the bridge of interaction between nations,26. the bond of understanding among civilizations.At the same time,a language and its individual 27.(write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition.Every language is worthy of respect and should 28. (treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 29. the world to better understand China,but also 30. (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today,more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 31.(improve) communication and cooperation between China and 32. rest of the world.As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture,the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history,its hard-working people,its development through 33. (innovate),and its inclusiveness.China,on its part,will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
答案：
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学物理教授Tatiana Erukhimova通过社交媒体激发学生对科学的热情,强调教学的亲和力与个性化。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students,forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls.”可知,大学教授在大型演讲厅面临的主要挑战是与智能手机和笔记本电脑的竞争。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success.”可知,她把她社交媒体的成功归功于大学营销团队对于她课程视频的录制。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s clear she knows what it takes...first impressions are make or break.”可推知,作者在第四段中提到Erukhimova的低年级学生的目的是突出教学的差异。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第五段的“I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning,and then it took me a while to find my voice.”可推知,Tatiana Erukhimova刚开始教大学新生时,她学到了与学生建立个人联系的重要性。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是中国科学家取得的重大突破——用气凝胶织出冬季毛衣,该衣服具有轻薄耐穿、可水洗可染色、伸缩性强、保暖性好等优点。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Its high porosity gives it exceptional heat resistance,but this also makes it fragile and challenging to process,limiting its use in civilian applications.”可知,传统气凝胶的特点是耐高温。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第四段“China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation...-130 degrees Celsius (-202 degrees Fahrenheit) on the planet’s surface.”和第五段的“In an experiment,a volunteer wore textiles...indicating the superior insulation of EAF.”可知,EAF在耐受极端温度方面的优势是基于研究统计数据的。
7.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“However,he also noted the gap between existing technology and capacity for mass production.Challenges exist regarding how to develop fast-spinning technology and resolve the continuous fabrication that is necessary for mass production.”可知,Zhang Xuetong的研究发现,如果克服了快速纺丝技术的障碍,大规模生产是可能的。
8.D 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段“Chinese scientists have created a breakthrough fibre that can be woven into warm,lightweight clothing using aerogel,a thermal insulation material mainly used in the aerospace industry.”可知,本文主要讲述中国科学家用气凝胶织出冬季衣服的重大突破,因此本文的主旨是D项“China’s newly-woven clothing made from aerogel.”。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了柯林斯博士上高中时的一堂科学课,彻底改变了他的人生轨迹,从那时起他就致力于科学研究,他的工作就是保持好奇心,提出很多问题。
9.B 在一次采访中,柯林斯博士被问及是否有任何特别的火花或任何特别的时刻激励他追求科学。根据上文“any special spark or any moment in particular”以及下文的高中生活可知,柯林斯博士被问及是否有任何特别的火花或任何特别的时刻激励他追求科学。
10.D 柯林斯博士回答说,事实上是有的。根据上文“In an interview,Dr.Collins was asked if”可知,柯林斯博士回答说,事实上是有的。
11.C 他说,当他上高中的时候,在他第一次上科学课的那天,老师神秘地递给每个学生一个盒子。根据下文“The boxes were sealed on the outside and hollow on the inside.”可知,老师神秘地递给每个学生一个盒子。
12.C 但每个盒子里都装着东西。根据下文“And as young Collins turned the box on its side and turned it around,he could something rolling around inside.”可知,每个盒子里都装着东西。
13.B 当年轻的柯林斯把盒子翻过来的时候,他听到里面有什么东西在滚动。根据上文“The boxes were sealed”可知,盒子是密封的,所以只能听到里面有东西在滚动。
14.D 老师告诉学生们,他们的任务是确定盒子里是什么。根据下文“to determine what was inside the box”可知,任务是确定盒子里是什么。
15.B 他们可以设计任何一种测试或问任何一种问题来找出盒子里的东西。因为要弄清楚盒子里面到底是什么,所以要设计任何一种测试来弄明白。
16.A 但是他们不能打开盒子。根据But可知,盒子不能打开。
17.C 他们必须想办法弄清楚盒子里是什么。根据上文“They could any kind of test or ask any kind of question that would lead them to find out what was inside the box.”可知,他们必须想办法弄清楚盒子里是什么。
18.B “这就是科学,”老师认真地解释道,“保持好奇,思考要问的问题,直到你找到答案。”根据上文“his first science course”可知,老师在解释科学。
19.D 此处指老师认真解释什么是科学。
20.A 柯林斯博士被吸引住了。根据下文“He said that that day in class completely his life.”可知,柯林斯博士被吸引住了。
21.D 他说,那一天的课堂彻底改变了他的生活。根据下文“From then on,he was to spending a life in science”可知,那一天的课堂彻底改变了他的生活。
22.C 从那时起,他就致力于科学研究,他的工作就是保持好奇心,提出很多问题。根据下文“spending a life in science”可知,从那时起,他就致力于科学研究。
23.A 从那时起,他就致力于科学研究,他的工作就是保持好奇心,提出很多问题。根据上文“being curious”可知,他的工作就是保持好奇心。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国设立语言日的目的及中文日的意义。
24.to celebrate 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为was,此处为非谓语动词,作目的状语,与to promote并列,应用动词不定式,故填to celebrate。
25.tongues 考查名词的数。tongue“语言”为可数名词,由six修饰,应用复数形式。故填tongues。
26.and 考查连词。the carrier of communication、the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系,故填and。
27.written 考查词性转换。本空修饰名词forms,需用形容词作前置定语。故填written。
28.be treated 考查动词语态。主语Every language与动词treat构成被动关系,用be treated表被动,且位于情态动词should后,be用原形。故填be treated。
29.for 考查介词。provide sth for sb/sth,“为某人/某物提供某物”,故填for。
30.promotes 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处与provides并列作谓语,时态应用一般现在时,且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day,本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数形式promotes。故填promotes。
31.improving 考查非谓语动词。此处作介词in的宾语,应用动词-ing形式,作宾语。故填improving。
32.the 考查冠词。the rest of...“……的其余部分”,故填the。
33.innovation 考查词性转换。此处作介词through的宾语,应用名词。故填innovation。
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UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分)
A(2024湖南益阳三模)
College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students,forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls.But when your professor is a social media star,it’s a little bit easier.
Tatiana Erukhimova,who teaches physics at Texas A&M University,has managed to get her students,as well as future generations,excited about the science.Known as “Dr.Tatiana” to her students and online fan base,the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm.Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across TikTok and other social media platforms.
In the kid-friendly videos,Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments,from pingpong balls and toilet paper to marshmallows,bicycle wheels and hair dryers.She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success.“This is just one of our ways to connect with people to make physics accessible to people,” she tells NPR.As part of the physics department’s extensive outreach program,she also puts on shows almost every week teaching physics to K-12 students.“The sooner kids are taught physics and taught it well,the better,” she says.
It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science.But it wasn’t always that way.When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago,she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students.She was used to teaching juniors,as she had for a few years prior to that.But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students,first impressions are make or break.
“I did not grab their attention on the first day — that was my mistake,” she says.“I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning,and then it took me a while to find my voice.”
By the second semester,she found her footing,tweaking her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller,and get her students engaged.The key,she says,has been to make herself approachable and her instruction personal.
1.What is the main challenge faced by college professors in large lecture halls
A.Competition with smartphones and laptops.
B.Limited resources for teaching materials.
C.Inadequate support from the university.
D.Lack of interest from students.
2.What role does the university marketing team play in Tatiana Erukhimova’s social media success
A.Encouraging students to use social media.
B.Creating TikTok accounts for professors.
C.Producing videos of her physics lessons.
D.Promoting weekly teaching program.
3.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Erukhimova’s junior students in paragraph 4
A.To review her teaching plans.
B.To show an application of her idea.
C.To highlight the differences of teaching.
D.To erase doubts about her approaches.
4.What lesson did Tatiana Erukhimova learn when she initially started teaching college freshmen
A.The importance of establishing a personal connection with students.
B.The significance of focusing on junior-level students.
C.The effectiveness of traditional teaching methods.
D.The need for advanced teaching materials.
B(2024湖北八市一模)
Chinese scientists have created a breakthrough fibre that can be woven into warm,lightweight clothing using aerogel,a thermal insulation(热绝缘) material mainly used in the aerospace industry.
Aerogel,notable for their performance and durability,could have various applications.As the world’s lightest solid material,it has long been valued for its thermal insulation properties.Traditional aerogel,made by replacing the liquid in aerogel with air,is extraordinarily light,resembling a solid cloud of smoke.Its high porosity (多孔性) gives it exceptional heat resistance,but this also makes it fragile and challenging to process,limiting its use in civilian applications.
But now,researchers at Zhejiang University have overcome aerogel’s fragility and designed an encapsulated aerogel fibre (EAF) with similar thermal insulation mechanisms—after being inspired by the structure of polar bear hair.
China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation as well as Nasa has used EAF in Mars Rovers,which endure extreme temperatures ranging from thousands of degrees during the Martian landing to-130 degrees Celsius (-202 degrees Fahrenheit) on the planet’s surface.
In an experiment,a volunteer wore textiles (纺织品) made of EAF,down,wool,and cotton in a-20 degree Celsius environment.The surface temperatures of these materials were 3.5 degrees,3.8 degrees,7.2 degrees,and 10.8 degrees respectively,indicating the superior insulation of EAF.They showed the practicality of EAF by weaving a jumper and comparing its thermal insulation to common textile materials.
As well as being strong and stretchable,EAF can also be washed and dyed,improving its use in practical applications.Traditional silica aerogel will absorb water and collapse on itself.As a result,it quickly loses its thermal insulation qualities in wet or humid environments.However,EAF maintains its performance even after machine washing.
Professor Zhang Xuetong of the Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences,highlighted the potential of the aerogel fibres in advanced thermal textiles.As well as its potential for civilian use,EAF fibre also holds promise for industries that are already familiar with aerogels.“EAF textiles feature excellent thermal insulation and multifunction and have great potential in areas such as military uniforms and spacesuits in extremely cold environments,” professor Zhang noted in a paper.However,he also noted the gap between existing technology and capacity for mass production.Challenges exist regarding how to develop fast-spinning technology and resolve the continuous fabrication that is necessary for mass production.
5.What is the characteristic of traditional aerogel
A.It can be easily processed.
B.It is resistant to high temperatures.
C.It is a solid cloud of smoke.
D.It can effectively insulate electricity.
6.What is EAF’s advantage in enduring extreme temperature based on
A.Research statistics.
B.Public comments.
C.Scientific prediction.
D.Commercial reports.
7.Professor Zhang Xuetong’s study found that mass production could be possible if .
A.advancement is made in thermal textiles
B.there exists need for continuous fabrication
C.barriers in fast-spinning technology are overcome
D.aerogel’s strengths and weaknesses get balanced
8.What is the text mainly about
A.The development of aerogel fibre.
B.The potential use of biomimetic fibre.
C.Great breakthrough in aerospace industry.
D.China’s newly-woven clothing made from aerogel.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分)
(2024河北邯郸部分学校三模)
Dr.Francis Collins is one of America’s leading scientists.In an interview,Dr.Collins was asked if there was any special spark (火花) or any moment in particular that 9 him to pursue a life of science.Dr.Collins 10 that in fact there was.He said that when he was in high school,on the first day of his first science course,the teacher handed each student a box 11 .The boxes were sealed (封住) on the outside and hollow (空的) on the inside.But each box 12 something.And as young Collins turned the box on its side and turned it around,he could 13 something rolling around inside.
What was it The teacher told the students that their 14 was to determine what was inside the box.They could 15 any kind of test or ask any kind of question that would lead them to find out what was inside the box.But they couldn’t 16 the box.They had to find ways to 17 what was in the box.
“That’s what 18 is,” the teacher carefully 19 ,“being curious,and thinking of questions to ask,until you find out the answer.” Dr.Collins was 20 .He said that that day in class completely 21 his life.From then on,he was 22 to spending a life in science,where his job was to be 23 and ask lots of questions.
9.A.forced B.inspired
C.ordered D.requested
10.A.doubted B.recognized
C.imagined D.replied
11.A.carefully B.hurriedly
C.secretly D.impatiently
12.A.represented B.meant
C.contained D.told
13.A.see B.hear
C.fancy D.monitor
14.A.campaign B.desire
C.ambition D.assignment
15.A.avoid B.design
C.pass D.mark
16.A.open B.roll
C.throw D.hit
17.A.pick up B.draw on
C.figure out D.stick to
18.A.experiment B.science
C.education D.study
19.A.answered B.apologized
C.argued D.explained
20.A.attracted B.confused
C.frightened D.disappointed
21.A.controlled B.improved
C.saved D.changed
22.A.opposed B.exposed
C.committed D.used
23.A.curious B.smart
C.generous D.optimistic
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分)
(2025八省联考)
In 2010,the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages.The goal was two-fold:24. (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 25. (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication,the bridge of interaction between nations,26. the bond of understanding among civilizations.At the same time,a language and its individual 27.(write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition.Every language is worthy of respect and should 28. (treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 29. the world to better understand China,but also 30. (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today,more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 31.(improve) communication and cooperation between China and 32. rest of the world.As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture,the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history,its hard-working people,its development through 33. (innovate),and its inclusiveness.China,on its part,will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
答案：
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学物理教授Tatiana Erukhimova通过社交媒体激发学生对科学的热情,强调教学的亲和力与个性化。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students,forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls.”可知,大学教授在大型演讲厅面临的主要挑战是与智能手机和笔记本电脑的竞争。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success.”可知,她把她社交媒体的成功归功于大学营销团队对于她课程视频的录制。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s clear she knows what it takes...first impressions are make or break.”可推知,作者在第四段中提到Erukhimova的低年级学生的目的是突出教学的差异。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第五段的“I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning,and then it took me a while to find my voice.”可推知,Tatiana Erukhimova刚开始教大学新生时,她学到了与学生建立个人联系的重要性。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是中国科学家取得的重大突破——用气凝胶织出冬季毛衣,该衣服具有轻薄耐穿、可水洗可染色、伸缩性强、保暖性好等优点。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Its high porosity gives it exceptional heat resistance,but this also makes it fragile and challenging to process,limiting its use in civilian applications.”可知,传统气凝胶的特点是耐高温。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第四段“China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation...-130 degrees Celsius (-202 degrees Fahrenheit) on the planet’s surface.”和第五段的“In an experiment,a volunteer wore textiles...indicating the superior insulation of EAF.”可知,EAF在耐受极端温度方面的优势是基于研究统计数据的。
7.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“However,he also noted the gap between existing technology and capacity for mass production.Challenges exist regarding how to develop fast-spinning technology and resolve the continuous fabrication that is necessary for mass production.”可知,Zhang Xuetong的研究发现,如果克服了快速纺丝技术的障碍,大规模生产是可能的。
8.D 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段“Chinese scientists have created a breakthrough fibre that can be woven into warm,lightweight clothing using aerogel,a thermal insulation material mainly used in the aerospace industry.”可知,本文主要讲述中国科学家用气凝胶织出冬季衣服的重大突破,因此本文的主旨是D项“China’s newly-woven clothing made from aerogel.”。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了柯林斯博士上高中时的一堂科学课,彻底改变了他的人生轨迹,从那时起他就致力于科学研究,他的工作就是保持好奇心,提出很多问题。
9.B 在一次采访中,柯林斯博士被问及是否有任何特别的火花或任何特别的时刻激励他追求科学。根据上文“any special spark or any moment in particular”以及下文的高中生活可知,柯林斯博士被问及是否有任何特别的火花或任何特别的时刻激励他追求科学。
10.D 柯林斯博士回答说,事实上是有的。根据上文“In an interview,Dr.Collins was asked if”可知,柯林斯博士回答说,事实上是有的。
11.C 他说,当他上高中的时候,在他第一次上科学课的那天,老师神秘地递给每个学生一个盒子。根据下文“The boxes were sealed on the outside and hollow on the inside.”可知,老师神秘地递给每个学生一个盒子。
12.C 但每个盒子里都装着东西。根据下文“And as young Collins turned the box on its side and turned it around,he could something rolling around inside.”可知,每个盒子里都装着东西。
13.B 当年轻的柯林斯把盒子翻过来的时候,他听到里面有什么东西在滚动。根据上文“The boxes were sealed”可知,盒子是密封的,所以只能听到里面有东西在滚动。
14.D 老师告诉学生们,他们的任务是确定盒子里是什么。根据下文“to determine what was inside the box”可知,任务是确定盒子里是什么。
15.B 他们可以设计任何一种测试或问任何一种问题来找出盒子里的东西。因为要弄清楚盒子里面到底是什么,所以要设计任何一种测试来弄明白。
16.A 但是他们不能打开盒子。根据But可知,盒子不能打开。
17.C 他们必须想办法弄清楚盒子里是什么。根据上文“They could any kind of test or ask any kind of question that would lead them to find out what was inside the box.”可知,他们必须想办法弄清楚盒子里是什么。
18.B “这就是科学,”老师认真地解释道,“保持好奇,思考要问的问题,直到你找到答案。”根据上文“his first science course”可知,老师在解释科学。
19.D 此处指老师认真解释什么是科学。
20.A 柯林斯博士被吸引住了。根据下文“He said that that day in class completely his life.”可知,柯林斯博士被吸引住了。
21.D 他说,那一天的课堂彻底改变了他的生活。根据下文“From then on,he was to spending a life in science”可知,那一天的课堂彻底改变了他的生活。
22.C 从那时起,他就致力于科学研究,他的工作就是保持好奇心,提出很多问题。根据下文“spending a life in science”可知,从那时起,他就致力于科学研究。
23.A 从那时起,他就致力于科学研究,他的工作就是保持好奇心,提出很多问题。根据上文“being curious”可知,他的工作就是保持好奇心。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国设立语言日的目的及中文日的意义。
24.to celebrate 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为was,此处为非谓语动词,作目的状语,与to promote并列,应用动词不定式,故填to celebrate。
25.tongues 考查名词的数。tongue“语言”为可数名词,由six修饰,应用复数形式。故填tongues。
26.and 考查连词。the carrier of communication、the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系,故填and。
27.written 考查词性转换。本空修饰名词forms,需用形容词作前置定语。故填written。
28.be treated 考查动词语态。主语Every language与动词treat构成被动关系,用be treated表被动,且位于情态动词should后,be用原形。故填be treated。
29.for 考查介词。provide sth for sb/sth,“为某人/某物提供某物”,故填for。
30.promotes 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处与provides并列作谓语,时态应用一般现在时,且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day,本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数形式promotes。故填promotes。
31.improving 考查非谓语动词。此处作介词in的宾语,应用动词-ing形式,作宾语。故填improving。
32.the 考查冠词。the rest of...“……的其余部分”,故填the。
33.innovation 考查词性转换。此处作介词through的宾语,应用名词。故填innovation。
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