2026人教版新教材英语高考第一轮同步基础练--选择性必修第3册 UNIT 1　ART（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
UNIT 1　ART
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分)
A(2024山西临汾一模)
Cimabue,the greatest painter in medieval Italy,was surprised when he discovered that a fly had landed on one of his works.“Shoo!”he shouted,but it remained still.Finally,he reached out to touch the insect.To his surprise,he found only wet paint.Actually Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away,and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.
Giotto di Bondone was born in a poor farming family.Legend has it that while he was tending goats he drew a picture on a rock and that the artist Cimabue,who happened to be passing by,saw him at work and was so impressed with the boy’s talent that he took him into his studio as an apprentice(学徒).
In the Middle Ages,an apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could,which resulted in a distinct lack of new ideas.In fact,art in the Middle Ages seemed to have been stuck in a rut.The people in paintings didn’t look like real people,and the symbolism of art was often so remote that it must have been difficult for viewers to connect with it on a personal level.But Giotto thought art could be something more.
To accomplish this goal,Giotto adopted many techniques that were uncommon at the time.He painted people the way he saw them,instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted.He created three-dimensional space by using perspective,something that had not been done since Roman times.Finally,he threw out parts of the symbolism associated with medieval painting.For example,at that time the Christ Child was usually drawn as a mature man who was only a baby in size.This symbolized that Christ was wise even though he was young.Instead,Giotto painted the Christ Child as a baby,which emphasized the human relationship between the child and his mother.
The ideas Giotto brought to painting throughout his life revolutionized the art world and made him one of the greatest painters ever.
1.Why does the author mention the fly event in paragraph 1
A.To prove the pupil outdoes the master.
B.To stress the fly was vividly painted.
C.To relate how Cimabue was tricked.
D.To demonstrate art has no limits.
2.Why did Cimabue decide to instruct Giotto
A.Giotto would be a helpful assistant.
B.Cimabue desired to rid Giotto of poverty.
C.Giotto badly needed Cimabue’s guidance.
D.Cimabue sensed a great potential in Giotto.
3.What can we learn about art in the Middle Ages in paragraph 3
A.It lacked innovation.
B.It highlighted realism.
C.It bonded well with viewers.
D.It underwent great changes.
4.Why did Giotto paint the Christ Child as a baby
A.To portray people in a realistic way.
B.To try the technique of perspective.
C.To distinguish himself from other painters.
D.To bring a sense of symbolism to his painting.
B(2024安徽马鞍山二模)
I started to imagine how I’d lead my own tour.Working as a guard at the Guggenheim,I first liked reading the wall text—the paragraph-long explanation on the wall beside many of the artworks.Occasionally it’s helpful,and for years I thought it was downright rude when museums and galleries didn’t label each work.But now,more often than not,I wanted to tear all the labels down.The wall text stays just to the side of art,like the answer key at the bottom of a word search,its definitive tone sending the message that there’s only one right answer to the art.
I realized that art historians could be unreliable narrators (叙述者).The Richard Serra sculpture “Tearing Lead”,consisting of wrinkled lead (铅),took on a different look every time it was exhibited.Guards were given a board with the original photo of the sculpture and instructions “Please indicate where the piece was touched,” so an assistant could reposition the sculpture to match the picture.But an assistant I talked with told me that the sculpture was meant to have the metal pieces arranged haphazardly (杂乱地).The work looks different every time it’s shown —not that you’d know it from the wall text.
Therefore,I insist that you don’t look at the little label beside each artwork.When I guarded a Brancusi sculpture,I tried to stand in front of the wall label so people couldn’t see it,and I heard their interpretations go wild.They saw a finger,a woman giving birth,a graph,a Kurosawa character,a dolphin,a nose,a fish.
If I learned one thing as a guard,it’s that sometimes being forced to look at an artwork,even when you don’t want to,is life-changing.Fight the urge to see what you expect to be there;focus instead on what is there.I’m not concerned with whether you think it’s good.Just watch the thing in front of you.
5.What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1
A.He is forming his own judgement.
B.He likes traveling with his friends.
C.He wants to make his voice heard.
D.He writes explanations for artworks.
6.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning “Tearing Lead”
A.To introduce a special assistant.
B.To prove that wall texts can be wrong.
C.To call for protection of artworks on show.
D.To show how art historians describe works.
7.Why did the author stand in front of the label on the wall
A.To prevent the visitors getting closer to the sculpture.
B.To make visitors have a better view of the sculpture.
C.To push the visitors to appreciate on their own.
D.To interact with the visitors in a fun way.
8.What is the best title for the text
A.How I Rose from a Museum Guard to an Art Expert
B.What Categories of Artworks Museums Like Showing
C.How Working in a Museum Makes Me Have a Life Purpose
D.What Being a Museum Guard Taught Me About Looking at Art
C(2025安徽合肥一中模拟)
Chinese innovation brings us closer to the microbots seen in Disney’s “Big Hero 6”.In Beijing,a small bionic robot,about 2 centimeters long,moved easily through its environment.When it reached a dead end,it quickly retreated with tiny steps.Professor Yan Xiaojun and his team from Beihang University created this robot,which weighs less than two grams and has a projection area similar to two fingernails.
Making robots as small as insects is more difficult than making larger ones.Small machines cannot use traditional motors,making the search for a compact power system a global challenge.“Integrating batteries and circuit boards into the robot made it too heavy to move,” explained Liu Zhiwei,an associate professor at Beihang University.
In 2009,Yan observed that high direct current voltage could cause sustained vibrations,usually associated with alternating current.This insight led to the idea of using it for a tiny drone’s wings.It wasn’t until 2017 that Yan began designing a self-powered insect-sized robot.After three years of testing various designs,the team was inspired by the leopard’s movements and created “BHMbot”,a biomimetic robotic insect that can run faster than cockroaches and turn more agilely.
The updated BHMbot,as reported in Science Advances,can move forward and backward quickly and follow complex paths under wireless control.It can navigate narrow spaces,collect SOS signals from a Bluetooth speaker,and transmit sound data to a computer.It also has potential for inspecting the insides of aero-engines with micro-cameras.
These small robots could be used in disaster search and rescue and mechanical equipment inspection.“Our goal is to develop micro-drones that can fly like bees,” said Yan.
9.What is the main challenge in creating small robots
A.Finding a suitable color for the robot.
B.Making the robot waterproof.
C.Integrating batteries and circuit boards into the robot.
D.Ensuring the robot can fly.
10.What did Yan notice in 2009 that inspired him
A.The ability of high voltage to cause vibrations.
B.The speed of a leopard.
C.The size of a bee’s wings.
D.The agility of a grasshopper.
11.What can the BHMbot do
A.Fly like a bird.
B.Collect SOS signals and transmit sound data.
C.Swim in water.
D.Speak human languages.
12.Based on the article,which of the following can be inferred about the future development of micro-drones
A.They will only be used for entertainment purposes.
B.They will be too heavy to move due to the integrated batteries.
C.They will replace all traditional methods of search and rescue.
D.They will be able to fly like bees and perform complex tasks.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分)
(2025山东青岛二中模拟)
Oscar Wilde once said,“Man is least himself when he talks in his own person.Give him a mask,and he will tell you the truth.” Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people lack verbal skills.　13　Art therapy is founded on the assumption that everyone is creative and capable of self-expression.
　14　 As a restorative practice,it allows people to express themselves in non-verbal ways,such as drawing and painting.Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person’s mental state.Working with an art therapist does even more:　15　
Young children typically draw and sing and dance without worrying about their abilities.Adults,however,often have complex feelings about art and art making.They begin to evaluate the quality of their art instead of focusing on self-expression itself.　16　 However,art therapists can guide people in expressing themselves without concerning whether their artwork is technically brilliant,so that they can connect or reconnect with the artworks that help them deal with life challenges.
What are art therapists’ superpower They can channel dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks.For instance,people with violent tendencies might let out their anger by hitting another human being.　17　 These artistic choices satisfy the brain’s desire for novelty without compromising personal safety.
A.Art therapy is a double-edged sword.
B.Thus,the many benefits of creative self-expression are lost.
C.They develop art as an expressive skill for solving problems.
D.But,obviously,releasing their anger in this way isn’t a good choice.
E.Art therapy,in its own ways,can influence a range of human functioning.
F.It can significantly enhance positive moods and boost measures of well-being.
G.However,with art therapists’ help,their energy could be changed into creative products.
答案：
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者乔托·迪·邦多纳,介绍了其艺术特色和绘画技巧等。
1.B　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cimabue,the greatest painter in medieval Italy...and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.”可知,第一段提到苍蝇事件是为了说明这只苍蝇画得栩栩如生。
2.D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Legend has it that while he was tending...he took him into his studio as an apprentice.”可知,契马布埃将乔托收为自己的学徒是因为觉得乔托极具艺术天赋,有发展前途。
3.A　推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“In the Middle Ages,an apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could,which resulted in a distinct lack of new ideas.In fact,art in the Middle Ages seemed to have been stuck in a rut.”可知,中世纪的艺术缺乏创新。
4.A　推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“He painted people the way he saw them,instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted.”以及“Instead,Giotto painted the Christ Child as a baby,which emphasized the human relationship between the child and his mother.”可知,乔托把圣婴描绘成一个婴儿是运用了写实的方式描绘人物。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位在古根海姆博物馆工作的保安对艺术品标签的反思,以及鼓励观众摆脱预设观念,直接感受艺术品本身。
5.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中“But now,more often than not,I wanted to tear all the labels down.The wall text stays just to the side of art,like the answer key at the bottom of a word search,its definitive tone sending the message that there’s only one right answer to the art.”可知,作者开始质疑并希望去除艺术品旁的标签说明,认为它们限制了人们对艺术的多角度理解,表明他在形成自己的判断。
6.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中“I realized that art historians could be unreliable narrators.”及“The work looks different every time it’s shown —not that you’d know it from the wall text.”可知,通过介绍“Tearing Lead”雕塑的例子,指出助理告诉作者雕塑本应随意排列金属片,而墙上的文字说明并未反映这一信息,说明墙上的解说并不总是准确的,甚至可能是误导的。
7.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“When I guarded a Brancusi sculpture,I tried to stand in front of the wall label so people couldn’t see it,and I heard their interpretations go wild.”可知,作者站在墙上的标签前,是为了让访客在没有预设解释的情况下自由地欣赏和解读雕塑,促使他们自己进行欣赏。
8.D　主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段中“If I learned one thing as a guard,it’s that sometimes being forced to look at an artwork,even when you don’t want to,is life-changing.Fight the urge to see what you expect to be there;focus instead on what is there.”可知,文章主要讲述了作者作为博物馆警卫的体验,如何从这个角色中学到了不依赖于墙上的解说,而是鼓励人们自主观察和理解艺术,因此D项“当博物馆警卫教会我的欣赏艺术之道”最能概括全文主旨,适合作为文章标题。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在微型机器人领域取得的创新成果,特别是北航团队研发的BHMbot机器人。
9.C　细节理解题。根据第二段“Making robots as small as insects is more difficult than making larger ones.Small machines cannot use traditional motors,making the search for a compact power system a global challenge.‘Integrating batteries and circuit boards into the robot made it too heavy to move,’ explained Liu Zhiwei,an associate professor at Beihang University.”可知,制造小型机器人的主要挑战是将电池和电路板集成到机器人中。
10.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2009,Yan observed that high direct current voltage could cause sustained vibrations,usually associated with alternating current.This insight led to the idea of using it for a tiny drone’s wings.”可知,他注意到高压直流电可以产生持续的振动,这给了他启发。
11.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It can navigate narrow spaces,collect SOS signals from a Bluetooth speaker,and transmit sound data to a computer.”可知,BHMbot能收集来自蓝牙扬声器的求救信号并传输声音数据。
12.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our goal is to develop micro-drones that can fly like bees”以及第四段介绍了BHMbot已经具备的一些复杂功能,如导航狭窄空间、收集SOS信号等可知,微型无人机未来能够像蜜蜂一样飞行并执行复杂任务。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术疗法的概念以及其作用。
13.C　根据上文“Oscar Wilde once said,‘Man is least himself when he talks in his own person.Give him a mask,and he will tell you the truth.’ Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people lack verbal skills.”以及下文“Art therapy is founded on the assumption that everyone is creative and capable of self-expression.”可知,上文提到人们把艺术当作一种交流经验的方式,下文则提到艺术疗法建立在自我表达能力的假设上,故本句是在说明人们将艺术发展成了一种表达技巧。C选项中expressive对应下文中的self-expression。故C项“他们把艺术发展成一种解决问题的表达技巧”最符合语境。
14.E　根据下文“As a restorative practice,it allows people to express themselves in non-verbal ways,such as drawing and painting.Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person’s mental state.”可知,下文提到创造性活动可以改变人的精神状态,即艺术可以影响人体机能。故E项“艺术疗法,以其自身的方式,可以影响一系列的人体机能”最符合语境。
15.F　根据上文“Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person’s mental state.Working with an art therapist does even more”可知,上文提到创造性活动可以改变人的精神状态,且与艺术治疗师可以做得更多,故本句是在说明艺术还能如何影响人的精神状态。故F项“它能显著增强积极情绪,提高幸福感”最符合语境。
16.B　根据上文“Young children typically draw and sing and dance without worrying about their abilities.Adults,however,often have complex feelings about art and art making.They begin to evaluate the quality of their art instead of focusing on self-expression itself.”可知,本句与上文构成因果关系,指出成年人更关注自己的艺术质量的结果:失去了许多创造性自我表达的好处。故B项“因此,创造性自我表达的许多好处就失去了”最符合语境。
17.G　根据上文“What are art therapists’ superpower They can channel dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks.For instance,people with violent tendencies might let out their anger by hitting another human being.”以及下文“These artistic choices satisfy the brain’s desire for novelty without compromising personal safety.”可知,本句与上文构成转折,指出有暴力倾向的人是如何通过艺术治疗师的帮助,将精力转化成艺术且不伤害别人的,故G项“然而,在艺术治疗师的帮助下,他们的精力可以转化为创造性的产品”最符合语境。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)