中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
牛津深圳版八年级下册Unit 3 Traditional skills
词汇复习
单词和短语 词性 汉语意思
description n. 说明;形容
describe v. 描述;形容
fisherman n. 渔民
although conj. 虽然;尽管
fit adj. 健壮的;健康的
ready adj. 准备好
reach v. 到达;抵达
hang v. 悬挂;吊
require v. 需要;依靠
post n. 柱;杆;桩
practise v. 从事
tool n. 用具;器具
scissors n. 剪刀
health n. 健康
luck n. 幸运
size v. 大小
simple adj. 简单的
lovely adj. 有吸引力的;迷人的
net n. 网
dive v. 下潜
cormorant n. 鸬鹚
attract v. 吸引;使喜爱
pattern n. 图案
character n. 文字;符号;人物;角色
wedding v. 婚礼;结婚庆典
dough n. 生面团
rough adj. 粗糙的
paper cutting phr. 剪纸
up to phr. 到达(某数量、程度等);至多有
set off phr. 出发;动身
up and down phr. 起伏;上下波动
after dark phr. 天黑后;黄昏后
no more phr. 不再;再也不
all the time phr. (在某段时间内)一直;始终
dive down phr. 下潜
in the late afternoon phr. 傍晚
get ... ready for phr. 让…准备好
short and heavy phr. 又矮又胖
Chinese characters for health or good luck phr. 代表健康或吉祥的汉字
shadow puppet play phr. 皮影戏
cut .. out phr. 裁剪
description n. 说明，形容 describe v.描述，形容
although conj. 虽然；尽管
though可以做副词，指“但是”，但是although不行。as though属固定搭配，though不能替换成although。
although要比though更正式，语气比较重，但though使用更普遍。
although引导的从句，常指实际发生的事情，而不是假象，设想。
fit adj. 健壮的；健康的
fit作形容词时,基本含义是“合适的”“适宜的”指物时表示该物适用于所考虑的用途或要做的工作;
指人时表示能力或所需的资格; 还可表示在身体、情绪、条件等方面准备就绪。
keep fit 保持健康=keep healthy sth. fit sb. 某物适合某人
6. get/be ready for 为......做好准备， be ready 准备好的..... Be ready to do sth 准备做某事
reach v. 到达，抵达
arrive 后接大地点用介词in，接小地点用介词at，接地点副词不加介词
reach 后面直接跟表示地点的词
get to 非正式用语，后接地点副词要去掉介词to
5. attract v. 吸引，使喜爱
attract sb's attention 引起注意
attract sb's curiosity 引起好奇心
attract sb's eye 吸引某人的目光
attraction n. 吸引，吸引力 attractive adj. 具有吸引力的
hang v. (hung,hung)悬挂；吊
hang 悬挂，吊 悬挂： hang-hung-hung; 绞死，吊死： hang-hanged-hanged
hang about the streets 在街上闲荡
hang on 靠在…上,依…而定,密切注意…
require v. 需要；依靠
require sb. to do 要求某人做某事
require doing = require to be done 需要...(用主动表被动)
Require 及物动词 Require to be done; require doing; require sb to do
Need 及物动词 Need to do; need to be done; need doing
情态动词 Need do
practise v. 从事
practise sb in sth 在(某方面)训练(某人) = train sb on sth
set off 出发，动身
set about 开始,着手,乱打(人) set for 为…而安排
set up 建立，设立 set out 出发；开始；陈述
1. used to & be used to doing &be used to do
Used to do sth 过去常常做某事 只用于过去时态 He used to go to school by bike.
Be used to doing 习惯于 可用于过去，现在，将来等时态 He is used to going to school.
Be used to do 被用于...... 可用于任何时态 =be used for doing
4 .up to 到达，至多有； up to now 到现在为止=by now=so far (用于现在完成时)
7. tie...around..栓......在......周围 The girl ties a scarf around her neck.
Tie to 把......系在...... He tied the horse to a tree.
Tie up 系好，捆好
8. stop ...from doing 阻止.......做......=prevent ...from=keep ...from
The heavy rain prevented/kept us from climbing the mountain.
11. throw短语
Throw ...into 把......扔进.... Throw away 扔掉 throw off 匆匆脱掉 throw at 向......扔去
13. no more& no longer
No more 不再 常用来修饰非延续性动词，表示今后不再重复以前发生的动作，多指数量上不再增加，程度不再加深。=not ...anymore
No longer 不再 相当于not ...any longer,在句中起副词作用，用来修饰延续性动词，指某事从时间上讲以后不再发生，其时间不再延续。
He is no more a student.= He isn’t a student any more.
14. mistake 错误
Make a mistake 犯错误 by mistake 错误地，无意中
Mistake A for B 把A错认成B
He makes a lot of mistakes in grammar.
I took her umbrella by mistake.
I often mistake Lucy for Lily.
15. after &later
After 介词 常用于过去时态，after+一段时间表示某段时间后
Later 副词 常用于过去时或将来时，一段时间+later
形容词 意为“后来的”，修饰名词
After two years, he died in London.
Tom left for Shanghai two weeks later.
16. keep 短语
Keep sb/sth + 形容词： 使......保持......;
keep +形容词：保持某种状态；
keep (sb) doing： 不停地做某事
Coats will keep you warm.
The shop keeps open twelve hours a day.
Don’t keep talking.
17.名词+y=形容词
Health(健康）+y=healthy（健康的） luck(幸运）+y=lucky（幸运的）
In good/bad/poor health 健康状况好/不好 keep healthy 保持健康
For luck 为了吉利； bad luck 倒霉 good luck 好运
18. be made from& be made of
Be made from 由......制成；看不出原材料
Be made of 由......制成；看得出原材料
Be made up of 由......组成
Be made into sth 被制成.....
Be made in+地点 在......制造
【随堂练习】
1.--How is your grandma
--She is fine. She used to _______TV at home after supper. But now she is used to _____out for a walk.
A watch, go B watching, go C watching, going D watch, going
2 .Bamboo can _______paper.
A used to make B be used make C be used to make D be used to making
答案：1. D 2. C
--The boy can speak both English and Japanese_____ he is only ten. --Wow, what a clever boy.
A if B because C although
答案：C
4. , she eats a lot of vegetables and fruits. 为了保持健康，她吃了很多蔬菜和水果。
5. This coat me. 这件外套不适合我。
答案：1. To keep fit ；2. doesn’t fit
6. ，his storybooks have been 50.到目前为止，他的故事书已经多达50本了。
答案：Up to now; up to
7. 妈妈准备好晚餐了。
8. 我准备要走了。
答案：1.Mother gets ready for dinner. 2. I’m ready to go.
请系好安全带。
答案：Please tie up your safety belt.
我们应该阻止人们污染地球。
答案：We should stop people from polluting the Earth.
throw短语填空
1).He threw a stone the river. 2).Throw those old newspapers.
3). Don’t throw your coat. It’s cold outside. 4). Tom threw stones my dog.
答案：1. into ；2. away ；3. off；4. at
12.Plants require (water) every day.
13.They require me (appear).
14.I need (buy) a new bike.
15.The room needs to (clean).
16.You needn’t (come).
答案：1. watering；2. to appear; 3. to buy 4. be cleaned; 5. come
17. 他不再来了。
18. 我们不再是学生了。
答案：1.He no more comes. 2. We are no longer students.
19.我不小心打碎了玻璃杯。
答案：I broke the glass by mistake.
20.我们应该使我们的学校保持干净整洁。
答案：We should keep our school clean and tidy.
21.用与make相关的短语搭配完成下面句子。
1).They made wine rice. 2).Paper is made wood.
3).The house is made wood. 4).The doll is made four parts.
答案：1.from；2.from；3. of 4.up of
单词短语综合练习
Ⅰ. 根据要求写出相应的单词。
health (形容词) _______ 2. lucky (名词) _______ 3. love (形容词) ______
4. description (动词) _______ 5. hang (过去式) _______ 6. fisherman (复数) _______
7. reach (第三人称单数) _______ 8. tie (现在分词) _______
Ⅱ. 汉译英。
1. 出发；动身_____________ 2. 起伏；上下波动_____________
3. 天黑后；黄昏后_____________ 4. 不再；再也不_____________
5. 剪纸_____________ 6. 擅长_____________
7. 黄昏时分_____________ 8. 对……感兴趣_____________
9. 把……带回_____________ 10. 在……前面_____________
Ⅲ. 根据首字母提示或汉语提示，填写单词。
1. She says that English is a useful ________ (工具) in her work.
2. She took a pair of ________ (剪刀) and cut the paper into pieces.
3. Words cannot ________ (形容) the beauty of the scene.
4. The birds were ________ (吸引) by the smell of fish.
5. Tom and Jerry are famous cartoon ________ (人物).
6. The fisherman drew in the n________ and found a goldfish in it.
7. A________ he was tired, he went on working.
8. Lucy knocked her head against the lamp p________ when she was walking in the street.
9. The old man keeps f________ by jogging every morning.
10. After coming into the house, the guests h________ their coats on the hook (钩子).
Ⅴ. 从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。
set off, no more, up to, good at, at the front of, put on, be interested in, throw…into
1. Your name will appear ____________ this book.
2. My father is a good cook. He’s ____________ cooking than my mother.
3. They ____________ to look for the missing girl in the early morning.
4. In fact, some old skills have been __________ used.
5. Few people ___________ doing this kind of work. Most of them think it’s boring.
6. ____________ three million new books were sent to schools in the west of our country last year.
7. Some bread is ____________ the water to feed the fish.
8. The band are hoping to ____________ a show in the USA before the end of the year.
Ⅵ. 仔细分辨下列单词，并用其适当形式完成下列各句。
a) reach; get (to); arrive (in/at)
1. What time does the train ______ 2. Let's see who will ______ there first.
3. We ______ Beijing at eight last night.
b) in; after
4. They will return to school ______ two weeks. 5. He then left home, and came back ______ a year.
6. I will go swimming ______ four o'clock this afternoon.
c) few; a few; little; a little
7. It’s a small animal. It eats only _______ food. 8. This question is too difficult. _______ students can answer it.
9. Millie couldn’t buy that book because she had _______ money with her.
10. There are only _______ new words in the passage, but I know none of them.
句型
Ⅰ. 根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Do you enjoy _______(listen) to music in your free time
2. I require some more people _______(do) it.
3. People think paper _______(cut) will bring them good luck.
4. I hope that one day I can learn _______(make) dough toys.
5. Read the _______(describe) of the scientist. You may find out more about his exciting life.
Ⅱ. 选择填空。
1. —What do you usually use the computer for —I usually use it ______ the Internet.
A. search B. searching C. to search D. searched
2. —What a nice T-shirt! Can I have it, Mom —Well, _____ it really looks nice, _____ I think it’s too expensive.
A. although; but B. because; so C. because; / D. although; /
3. China built the Green Great Wall to stop the wind _______ the earth away.
A. for blow B. to blow C. from blowing D. to blowing
4. Man’s understanding of nature is developing ______. It never stays at the same level.
A. at the right time B. all the time C. from time to time D. for the first time
5. —Why are you in such a hurry, Betty
—There _____ a basketball match between Class Two and our class in ten minutes.
A. will be B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to hold
Ⅳ. 根据所给的中文补全下列英语句子，每空一词。
1. 海滩上的游客把受伤的鲸鱼推入海中。
The tourists at the beach ________ the injured whale ________ the sea.
2. 皮影戏没以前那么流行了。
Shadow puppet plays are not ________ popular ________ before.
3. 天黑后她妈妈不允许她出去。
Her mother doesn’t allow her to go out ________ ________.
4. 我们必须把这两间卧室准备好供客人用。
We must get the two bedrooms ________ ________ our visitors.
5. 这家宠物店里有大小不一的猫咪。
There are cats ________ ________ ________ in this pet shop.
6. 他在水下可以下潜多少米？
How many metres can he ________ ________ under the water
7. 他又矮又胖，挺着个大啤酒肚。
He was ________ ________ ________, with a large beer belly.
8. 他们希望让这一传统艺术形式传承下来。
They want to ________ this traditional art from ________.
9. 今天海上的风很大，我们的船在海里颠簸前行。
There’s a strong wind on the sea today and our ship is travelling ________ ________ ________.
10. 格林先生把球抛出去，训练他的小狗把球拿回来给他。
Mr Green threw out the ball and trained his little dog to ________ ________ ________ to him.
答案：词汇 Ⅰ. 1. healthy 2. luck 3. lovely 4. describe 5. hung 6. fishermen 7. reaches 8. tying
Ⅱ. 1. set off 2. up and down 3. after dark 4. no more 5. paper cutting 6. be good at 7. after dark 8. be interested in 9. bring…back 10. at the front of
Ⅲ. 1. tool 2. scissors 3. describe 4. attracted 5. characters 6. net 7. Although 8. post 9. fit 10. hung
Ⅴ. 1. at the front of 2. better at 3.set off 4. no more 5. are interested in 6. Up to 7. thrown into 8. put on
Ⅵ. 1. arrive 2. arrive/get 3. reached/got to/arrived in 4. in 5. after 6. after 7. a little 8. Few 9. little 10. a few
句型Ⅰ. 1. listening 2. to do 3. cuttings 4. to make 5. description(s)
Ⅱ. 1-5 CDCBA Ⅳ. 1. pushed, into 2. as, as 3. after dark 4. ready for 5. of different sizes 6. dive down 7. short and heavy 8. keep, alive 9. up and down 10. bring it back
语法精讲:被动语态
1.概述：英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
2.结构：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
3.怎么变：主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的执行者
变被动句步骤
1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语
2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
口诀
一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。
一般将来shall（will）do，被动变do为be done。
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 ①am\is\are②do/does(V.\V.s) am\is\are+done(V. p.p)
一般过去时 ①was\were②did(V.-ed) was\were+done(V. p.p)
一般将来时 will\be going to+do(V.) will+be+done(V. p.p)
主动语态变为被动语态例句：
一般现在时：
主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us.
一般过去时：
主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him.
一般将来时：
主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone.
不用被动语态的情况
1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：
appear, die死亡,disappear, end (vi.结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.
After the fire, very little remained of my house.
比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
（错）The price has been risen. （对）The price has risen.
（错）The accident was happened last week. （对）The accident happened last week.
（错）The price has raised. （对）The price has been raised.
（错）Please seat. （对）Please be seated.
2） 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：
fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to
This key just fits the lock.
3）系动词无被动语态（“keep”除外）：
appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn.
It sounds good.
4）带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：
die, death, dream, live, life
She dreamed a bad dream last night.
5）当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。
（对）She likes to swim. （错）To swim is liked by her.
一、单项选择
( )1.Breakfast ______ every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.
provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided
( )2.The panda Ya Ya ______ back to China on April 27th, 2023.
A．is brought B．was brought C．will be brought
( )3.—Can he get the first prize in the race
—He ______ so, but he has just hurt his leg.It's impossible now.
will expect to do B．is expected doing C．has expected doing D．was expected to do
( )4.Sand turns to glass when it ______ by lightning.
hits B．is hit C．is hitting D．will be hit
( )5.The cake ______ by the hungry students quickly yesterday.
A．eats B．is eaten C．was eaten
( )6.—Have you tasted zongzi, a kind of traditional Chinese rice dumplings
—Sure.It's said that a lot of zongzi ______ at the food factory twenty days ago.
A．are made B．were made C．made
( )7.These gifts ______ by children in their last summer holidays.
made B．were made C．make D．are made
( )8.Fishing ______ in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.
allows B．is allowed C．isn't allowed D．won't allow
( )9.Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they ______ into schools.
introduce B．introduced C．are introduced D．were introduced
( )10.Hou Yi ______ magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns, then Pang Meng tried to steal it.
gives B．has given C．gave D．was given
( )11.As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics ________ in China.
is held B．will hold C．will be held D．was held
( )12. The blender________ for making a banana milk shake just now.
will be used B．was used C．is used D．Using
( )13. Our school library _______ with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxed while studying or reading there.
decorates B．decorated C．is decorated D．was decorating
( )14.Now teenagers________ to do voluntary work for their local communities.
are encouraged B．were encouraged C．have encouraged D．are encouraging
( )15.Rainbows ________ when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.
produce B．produced C．are produced D．were produced
( )16 —Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu
—Sure. You __ to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
were expected B．will expect C．are expecting D．are expected
( )17.The man did a great job in the rescue.He ________ on TV and becomes widely known.
A．interviewed B．has interviewed C．was interviewed D．will be interviewed
( )18.—Students begin to pay more attention to subjects of art education.
—That's true. They ________ in the senior high school entrance examination.
A．are tested B．were tested C．will be tested
( )19.—Why do some whales have to ________？
—Because humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil.Some of them are ________．
protect; dangerous B．protect; endangered
C．be protected; dangerous D．be protected; endangered
( )20. To celebrate the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China, a speech competition ________ in our school last week.
hold B．held C．is held D．was held
二、用所给动词的合适的时态和语态填空
1．I _______________(invite) to go to Betty's birthday party last night.
2．Hundreds of animals _______________(kill) in the fire last year.
3．A new library ______________(build) here.It will be very convenient for us.
4．Our clothes ______________(wash) by my mother every day.
5．I _____________(ask) to prepare for the speech.
6．Some new books ___________________(offer) later on.
7．________the boy ________(hurt) on this road last week
8．________ trees and flowers ___________(plant) every year
9．It ___________(say) that Mr.Li won't come back until next Friday.
10．This smartphone ____________(make) in China in 2019.
11．The three _____________(fisherman) are ready to catch fish now.
12．He gave a _______________(describe) of what he had seen to the police.
13．I wish you good ________(lucky) in the coming exam.
14．Kobe Bryant was good at ___________(play) basketball.
15．The mother has ________(hang) the clothes in the garden.
16．Poor me! My wallet was __________(steal) when I was doing shopping yesterday.
17．Our coach teacher required us _______________(practise) basketball every day.
18．The chairs are ________(make) of wood.
19．The little girl was ___________(bring) up by her grandparents.
20．I'd love to go __________(dive) in the sea.
语法填空
Basketball is（1） active and much﹣loved sport that is enjoyed by many for fun and exercise.So far，the"Village Basketball Association" at Taipan village in Guizhou has（2） （get）tons of attention.The final game of the Guizhou country basketball league（联赛），known（3） "Village BA"，took place on March 27.The winner was Team Qiandongnan and prizes for the team（4） （be）bags of rice，fish and ducks.The players were not （5） （profession）.Most of them were farmers from local villages and nearby cities.More than 30，000 people from across the country poured into the small village to watch the game.Even a single（6） （sit） was hard to get.People knocked on iron pots and bowls to cheer for players.Villagers performed folk songs and （7） （dance） in the halftime show.
Since 2016，the local government has worked（8） （hardly） to build new standard basketball courts （篮球场） to support basketball development.Taipan has now been a model place of rural vitalization（乡村振兴） in（9） （sport）and tourism （旅游业） .In the summer of 2022，about 500，000 visitors came here to watch"Village BA" games.It brought great benefits（收益） to the village.
Zeng Jinlong，a 17﹣year﹣old villager，has watched the games（10） he was 6 years old.He said， "I dream of taking part in the 'Village BA' final one day."
KEY: 一、CBDBC BBCDD DBCAC DCCDD
二、1-5 was invited were killed will be built are washed was asked 6-10 will be offered Was; hurt Are; planted is said was made 11-15 fishermen description luck playing hung 16-20 stolen to practise made brought diving
三、（1）an（2got（3）as（4）were（5）professional（6）seat（7）dances（8）hard（9）sports（10）since
完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
Recently, Mr Mi, a disabled man, has become very popular online. He’s 1 at making clay figurines (泥人).
In 2003, Mi lost his 2 in an accident, but he didn’t become sad. He slowly learned to eat and get dressed in the year that followed the accident. He thought he had to find a way to make a living because he had a family to 3 .
One day, after seeing a man making dough figurines (面人) on the street, Mi became very 4 in it and decided to learn it from him. “At first, the man didn’t 5 when he saw that I had no fingers. But after I kept requesting (请求) him to 6 me, he finally said yes,” Mi said.
The learning process (过程) was challenging. In the beginning 7 could only make two roses in an afternoon. And his arms also hurt a lot. However, he 8 thought about giving up.
When Mi made clay figurines, he developed some methods suitable (适合的) for him and greatly improved his skills. Now, it takes Mi about seven 9 to make a simple clay figurine, and he can make about 30 a day.
Today, Mi not only makes a living by making clay figurines as he has hoped, but gets great 10 from it. He is very happy with his life.
1. A. bad B. good C. slow D. angry
2. A. legs B. eyes C. feet D. hands
3. A. look after B. look up C. look for D. look down
4. A. rich B. weak C. interested D. successful
5. A. agree B. worry C. know D. hide
6. A. forget B. punish C. teach D. remind
7. A. I B. he C. you D. she
8. A. always B. usually C. sometimes D. never
9. A. weeks B. days C. hours D. minutes
10 A. joy B. money C. wish D. surprise
二、阅读理解
A
Arsh Pal, a young artist from the US, is helping people in need through his paintings. When Arsh was eight, his family bought him a watercolour set for his birthday. Then he spent all his free time practising painting. Soon, he made lots of great paintings and began giving them away to his family and friends as presents.
Around the same time, Arsh often visited a local old people’s home. His mother worked there. While visiting the care centre, Arsh found that people there looked bored and lonely. So sometimes he came over to play games and talk with them. Later he decided to give them painting lessons for free. He also started selling his paintings to make money to help them.
Over the next few years, Arsh sold many of his works and donated the money to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. Last year, Arsh received the Diana Award (奖). It is for great young people aged 9 to 25 around the world for their hard work to improve others’ lives.
“Young people can make a difference to the world,” Arsh said. “It feels good to get the Diana Award.” Arsh says he will always continue his dreams of changing the world through art.
( ) 11. What did Arsh usually do in his free time
A. He did some paintings. B. He gave painting lessons.
C. He went to see his mother. D. He went to visit a hospital.
( ) 12. How were the people at the care centre in Arsh’s opinion
A. They were bored and tired. B. They were bored and lonely.
C. They were happy and excited. D. They were worried and angry.
( ) 13. What does the underlined word “donated” mean
Gave. B. Made. C. Saved. D. Collected.
( ) 14. What will Arsh do next most probably
A.He will ask others to join him. B.He will teach more people to paint.
C.He will keep painting and helping others.
D.He will work at a local old people’s home with his mother.
( ) 15. In which part of a newspaper may you read the passage
A. Travel. B. People. C. Science. D. Education.
B
From pointing to nodding, humans use signs to help communicate when talking to each other. Apes ( 猿 ) also have their own special signs to show what they mean. According to a new study, humans can understand the signs of apes.
Chimpanzees and bonobos (小黑猩猩) are two kinds of apes that are closest to humans. They use about 80 different signs to show what they mean. Although the two groups of apes use different signs sometimes, they share 90% of the same signs.
Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hobaiter at the University of St Andrews wanted to see if humans with no training or experience could understand the signs of chimpanzees and bonobos. They created a game for people to play online. The game was simple. People watched short videos of apes making a sign. Then they had to choose the correct meaning of the sign out of four possible answers.
The scientists were surprised to find that people were able to choose the correct meaning of the signs over 50% of the time. For some of the signs, people were able to choose the correct meaning about 80% of the time. One example of this was the sign of “wiping (擦) the mouth” meaning “give me that food”.
The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability to understand the signs of apes. But it’s not clear why. They need to study how humans are able to understand the signs of apes.
( ) 16. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
Apes’ sign language is the same as humans’.
Chimpanzees and bonobos can make about 80 signs.
Chimpanzees and bonobos use the same sign language.
Chimpanzees and bonobos can communicate with humans.
( ) 17. What can we learn about the game
A.Both humans and apes could play the game. B.The game was a little difficult for young people.
C.There were four choices to choose from for each sign.
D.Scientists were surprised that most answers people gave were right.
( ) 18. Why did Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hobaiter create an online game
To help people spend their free time in an interesting way.
To attract people to play games and then make enough money.
To study the differences between the signs of humans and apes.
To test if humans with no training can understand apes’ signs.
( ) 19. What sign will apes do when they want to ask for some food
A.They will point to the food. B.They will nod at other apes.
C.They will wipe their mouths. D.They will make a big loud noise.
( ) 20. What is the passage mainly about
A.Apes’ special sign language. B.A kind of animal that is closest to humans.
C.A study on humans’ understanding of apes’ signs. D.Different sign languages between apes and humans.
C
Although foggy lenses (镜片) have been causing trouble for glasses wearers for as long as glasses have been invented, they happen more often to those wearing a mask (口罩). Researchers at a Swiss university may have finally come up with a way to solve the problem that works when someone’s wearing a mask, or when they’ve just come inside from the cold.
There’s no real mystery as to why glasses fog up. When warm moisture (湿气) in air, or from someone’s breath, hits a cold glasses lens, the moisture then changes into tiny water drops. It happens often in the winter, when people are coming in from the outside, and now all year round, with masks that don’t form a closed space around the wearer’s nose allowing warm air to go upwards as they breathe.
Fogging up is also a problem for car windows. The simple way is to heat the windows using hot air from the engine, but adding electric heaters to glasses, which are made to be lightweight and comfortable to wear, isn’t really possible. So, researchers found a special way to heat the lenses, that is, a new kind of glass coating (玻璃涂层).
The coating is made from a very thin layer of gold. The layer of gold takes in
light from the sun, causing the glass to heat up by up to 89℃, stopping moisture in the air from changing into fog on it. But this method is not that perfect. As the gold draws the energy it needs to heat up from the sun, the coating won’t do much good in the evening.
( ) 21. Who will welcome the new glasses most
A.People wearing a mask. B.People enjoying the sun.
C.People working at home. D.People having difficulty breathing.
( ) 22. What does Paragraph 2 tell us
A.Why our glasses get foggy. B.What the new glasses can do.
C.How to keep our glasses fog-free. D.When people should wear glasses.
( ) 23. Which of the following is TRUE about the new coating
A.It heats the glasses to at least 8°C. B.It is made out of two main materials.
C.It works better during the day than at night. D.It heats the glasses by sensing the body’s temperature.
( ) 24. Which can be the best title of the passage
A. A secret to glasses that never break up. B.How to solve a problem with car windows.
C.A special coating is being used on face masks. D.Researchers found a way to keep glasses from fogging up.
( ) 25. Which is the best structure of the passage
A. ①②/③/④ B. ①/②③④ C. ①②/③④ D. ①/②/③④
第二节 短文填空（共 5 题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分）
Zhu noticed the woman finished four books in one month.
I always wonder whether there are still people reading paper books.
Zhu met a lot of subway readers and made friends with many of them.
Zhu also shares her photos online and sometimes makes short comments.
She says she has finished more books on the subway than anywhere else.
They inspire Zhu to continue photographing readers on the Chinese subway.
———————————————————————————————————————————
In the past 1,000 days, Zhu Liwei has taken more than 1,000 photos of people reading books on the subway in Beijing. Zhu says, “(26) These photos are a good answer to my question.”
Every weekday during her two-hour subway commute ( 通 勤 ), Zhu reads. (27) “I am a bookworm and I’m curious about what books others are reading,” she says. “When I started to pay attention to people around me, I found many like-minded (志趣相投的) readers.”
Zhu has been photographing people reading books on the subway ever since. (28) For example, once she shared a photo and wrote, “September 3, 2020. Some people are always curious about the past. He is reading Daily Life in Traditional China: The Tang Dynasty.”
In her about three years of photographing subway readers, Zhu has met different kinds of people. For a period of time, she often saw a young woman reading at the same place almost every weekday at 8:10 am. (29)
Many who have seen Zhang’s photos have left comments (评论). One says, “It is just like seeing myself reading during my 2-hour-and-40-minute commute.”
Some foreign photographers have taken photos of readers on the London, New York and Moscow subways. (30) “When I look at those photos, it’s like meeting some like-minded friends,” she says.
三、 语法填空（共 10 题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分）
THE BOY, THE MOLE, THE FOX AND THE HORSE is a short cartoon film. It won the best animated (动画的) short film at the 95th Academy Awards.
The film is directed by Peter Baynton and Charlie Mackesy. It is based on Mackesy’s book of (36) same name. The book has sold more than eight million copies worldwide (37) it was first published in 2019.
The film tells the story of the unusual friendship of a boy, a mole, a fox and a horse. In his search for (38) (he) home, a young boy meets a brave and friendly mole, a hungry and ill-tempered (坏脾气的) fox, and a wise horse. They then travel together. Along the way they explore the (39) (mean) of kindness, courage and hope.
(actual), this 32-minute film is not made only for kids. It’s for people of all ages. Some parts of the film can only be understood (41) someone who has experienced some of the best and (42) (bad) things in life.
For example, in the film, when things are out of control, the horse tells the boy (43) (stop)feeling sorry and move on bravely.
In the film, Mackesy’s hand-drawn drawings are beautifully shown on the screen. The lines (台词) (44) (pull) directly from the pages of the book. The voice actors have also done a good job in (45) (turn) touching moments on the pages into tear-jerking ( 催泪的) scenes on the screen. In a word, it’s a film you should never miss.
1-5 BDACA 6-10 CBDDA
11-15 ABACB 16-20 BCDCC 21-25 AACDD
26-30 BCDAF
36. the 37. since 38. his 39. meaning 40. Actually
41. by 42. worst 43. to stop 44. are pulled 45. turning
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牛津深圳版八年级下册Unit 3 Traditional skills
词汇复习
单词和短语 词性 汉语意思
description n. 说明;形容
describe v. 描述;形容
fisherman n. 渔民
although conj. 虽然;尽管
fit adj. 健壮的;健康的
ready adj. 准备好
reach v. 到达;抵达
hang v. 悬挂;吊
require v. 需要;依靠
post n. 柱;杆;桩
practise v. 从事
tool n. 用具;器具
scissors n. 剪刀
health n. 健康
luck n. 幸运
size v. 大小
simple adj. 简单的
lovely adj. 有吸引力的;迷人的
net n. 网
dive v. 下潜
cormorant n. 鸬鹚
attract v. 吸引;使喜爱
pattern n. 图案
character n. 文字;符号;人物;角色
wedding v. 婚礼;结婚庆典
dough n. 生面团
rough adj. 粗糙的
paper cutting phr. 剪纸
up to phr. 到达(某数量、程度等);至多有
set off phr. 出发;动身
up and down phr. 起伏;上下波动
after dark phr. 天黑后;黄昏后
no more phr. 不再;再也不
all the time phr. (在某段时间内)一直;始终
dive down phr. 下潜
in the late afternoon phr. 傍晚
get ... ready for phr. 让…准备好
short and heavy phr. 又矮又胖
Chinese characters for health or good luck phr. 代表健康或吉祥的汉字
shadow puppet play phr. 皮影戏
cut .. out phr. 裁剪
【随堂练习】
1.--How is your grandma
--She is fine. She used to _______TV at home after supper. But now she is used to _____out for a walk.
A watch, go B watching, go C watching, going D watch, going
2 .Bamboo can _______paper.
A used to make B be used make C be used to make D be used to making
--The boy can speak both English and Japanese_____ he is only ten. --Wow, what a clever boy.
A if B because C although
4. , she eats a lot of vegetables and fruits. 为了保持健康，她吃了很多蔬菜和水果。
5. This coat me. 这件外套不适合我。
6. ，his storybooks have been 50.到目前为止，他的故事书已经多达50本了。
7. 妈妈准备好晚餐了。
8. 我准备要走了。
请系好安全带。
我们应该阻止人们污染地球。
throw短语填空
1).He threw a stone the river. 2).Throw those old newspapers.
3). Don’t throw your coat. It’s cold outside. 4). Tom threw stones my dog.
12.Plants require (water) every day.
13.They require me (appear).
14.I need (buy) a new bike.
15.The room needs to (clean).
16.You needn’t (come).
17. 他不再来了。
18. 我们不再是学生了。
19.我不小心打碎了玻璃杯。
20.我们应该使我们的学校保持干净整洁。
21.用与make相关的短语搭配完成下面句子。
1).They made wine rice. 2).Paper is made wood.
3).The house is made wood. 4).The doll is made four parts.
单词短语综合练习
Ⅰ. 根据要求写出相应的单词。
health (形容词) _______ 2. lucky (名词) _______ 3. love (形容词) ______
4. description (动词) _______ 5. hang (过去式) _______ 6. fisherman (复数) _______
7. reach (第三人称单数) _______ 8. tie (现在分词) _______
Ⅱ. 汉译英。
1. 出发；动身_____________ 2. 起伏；上下波动_____________
3. 天黑后；黄昏后_____________ 4. 不再；再也不_____________
5. 剪纸_____________ 6. 擅长_____________
7. 黄昏时分_____________ 8. 对……感兴趣_____________
9. 把……带回_____________ 10. 在……前面_____________
Ⅲ. 根据首字母提示或汉语提示，填写单词。
1. She says that English is a useful ________ (工具) in her work.
2. She took a pair of ________ (剪刀) and cut the paper into pieces.
3. Words cannot ________ (形容) the beauty of the scene.
4. The birds were ________ (吸引) by the smell of fish.
5. Tom and Jerry are famous cartoon ________ (人物).
6. The fisherman drew in the n________ and found a goldfish in it.
7. A________ he was tired, he went on working.
8. Lucy knocked her head against the lamp p________ when she was walking in the street.
9. The old man keeps f________ by jogging every morning.
10. After coming into the house, the guests h________ their coats on the hook (钩子).
Ⅴ. 从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。
set off, no more, up to, good at, at the front of, put on, be interested in, throw…into
1. Your name will appear ____________ this book.
2. My father is a good cook. He’s ____________ cooking than my mother.
3. They ____________ to look for the missing girl in the early morning.
4. In fact, some old skills have been __________ used.
5. Few people ___________ doing this kind of work. Most of them think it’s boring.
6. ____________ three million new books were sent to schools in the west of our country last year.
7. Some bread is ____________ the water to feed the fish.
8. The band are hoping to ____________ a show in the USA before the end of the year.
Ⅵ. 仔细分辨下列单词，并用其适当形式完成下列各句。
a) reach; get (to); arrive (in/at)
1. What time does the train ______ 2. Let's see who will ______ there first.
3. We ______ Beijing at eight last night.
b) in; after
4. They will return to school ______ two weeks. 5. He then left home, and came back ______ a year.
6. I will go swimming ______ four o'clock this afternoon.
c) few; a few; little; a little
7. It’s a small animal. It eats only _______ food. 8. This question is too difficult. _______ students can answer it.
9. Millie couldn’t buy that book because she had _______ money with her.
10. There are only _______ new words in the passage, but I know none of them.
句型
Ⅰ. 根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Do you enjoy _______(listen) to music in your free time
2. I require some more people _______(do) it.
3. People think paper _______(cut) will bring them good luck.
4. I hope that one day I can learn _______(make) dough toys.
5. Read the _______(describe) of the scientist. You may find out more about his exciting life.
Ⅱ. 选择填空。
1. —What do you usually use the computer for —I usually use it ______ the Internet.
A. search B. searching C. to search D. searched
2. —What a nice T-shirt! Can I have it, Mom —Well, _____ it really looks nice, _____ I think it’s too expensive.
A. although; but B. because; so C. because; / D. although; /
3. China built the Green Great Wall to stop the wind _______ the earth away.
A. for blow B. to blow C. from blowing D. to blowing
4. Man’s understanding of nature is developing ______. It never stays at the same level.
A. at the right time B. all the time C. from time to time D. for the first time
5. —Why are you in such a hurry, Betty
—There _____ a basketball match between Class Two and our class in ten minutes.
A. will be B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to hold
Ⅳ. 根据所给的中文补全下列英语句子，每空一词。
1. 海滩上的游客把受伤的鲸鱼推入海中。
The tourists at the beach ________ the injured whale ________ the sea.
2. 皮影戏没以前那么流行了。
Shadow puppet plays are not ________ popular ________ before.
3. 天黑后她妈妈不允许她出去。
Her mother doesn’t allow her to go out ________ ________.
4. 我们必须把这两间卧室准备好供客人用。
We must get the two bedrooms ________ ________ our visitors.
5. 这家宠物店里有大小不一的猫咪。
There are cats ________ ________ ________ in this pet shop.
6. 他在水下可以下潜多少米？
How many metres can he ________ ________ under the water
7. 他又矮又胖，挺着个大啤酒肚。
He was ________ ________ ________, with a large beer belly.
8. 他们希望让这一传统艺术形式传承下来。
They want to ________ this traditional art from ________.
9. 今天海上的风很大，我们的船在海里颠簸前行。
There’s a strong wind on the sea today and our ship is travelling ________ ________ ________.
10. 格林先生把球抛出去，训练他的小狗把球拿回来给他。
Mr Green threw out the ball and trained his little dog to ________ ________ ________ to him.
语法精讲:被动语态
1.概述：英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
2.结构：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
3.怎么变：主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的执行者
变被动句步骤
1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语
2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
口诀
一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。
一般将来shall（will）do，被动变do为be done。
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 ①am\is\are②do/does(V.\V.s) am\is\are+done(V. p.p)
一般过去时 ①was\were②did(V.-ed) was\were+done(V. p.p)
一般将来时 will\be going to+do(V.) will+be+done(V. p.p)
主动语态变为被动语态例句：
一般现在时： 主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us.
一般过去时： 主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him.
一般将来时：
主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone.
不用被动语态的情况
1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：
appear, die死亡,disappear, end (vi.结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.
After the fire, very little remained of my house.
比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
（错）The price has been risen. （对）The price has risen.
（错）The accident was happened last week. （对）The accident happened last week.
（错）The price has raised. （对）The price has been raised.
（错）Please seat. （对）Please be seated.
2） 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：
fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to
This key just fits the lock.
3）系动词无被动语态（“keep”除外）：
appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn.
It sounds good.
4）带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：
die, death, dream, live, life
She dreamed a bad dream last night.
5）当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。
（对）She likes to swim. （错）To swim is liked by her.
一、单项选择
( )1.Breakfast ______ every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.
provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided
( )2.The panda Ya Ya ______ back to China on April 27th, 2023.
A．is brought B．was brought C．will be brought
( )3.—Can he get the first prize in the race —He ____ so, but he has just hurt his leg.It's impossible now.
will expect to do B．is expected doing C．has expected doing D．was expected to do
( )4.Sand turns to glass when it ______ by lightning.
hits B．is hit C．is hitting D．will be hit
( )5.The cake ______ by the hungry students quickly yesterday.
A．eats B．is eaten C．was eaten
( )6.—Have you tasted zongzi, a kind of traditional Chinese rice dumplings
—Sure.It's said that a lot of zongzi ______ at the food factory twenty days ago.
A．are made B．were made C．made
( )7.These gifts ______ by children in their last summer holidays.
made B．were made C．make D．are made
( )8.Fishing ______ in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.
allows B．is allowed C．isn't allowed D．won't allow
( )9.Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they ______ into schools.
introduce B．introduced C．are introduced D．were introduced
( )10.Hou Yi ______ magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns, then Pang Meng tried to steal it.
gives B．has given C．gave D．was given
( )11.As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics ________ in China.
is held B．will hold C．will be held D．was held
( )12. The blender________ for making a banana milk shake just now.
will be used B．was used C．is used D．Using
( )13. Our school library _______ with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxed while studying or reading there.
decorates B．decorated C．is decorated D．was decorating
( )14.Now teenagers________ to do voluntary work for their local communities.
are encouraged B．were encouraged C．have encouraged D．are encouraging
( )15.Rainbows ________ when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.
produce B．produced C．are produced D．were produced
( )16 —Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu
—Sure. You __ to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
were expected B．will expect C．are expecting D．are expected
( )17.The man did a great job in the rescue.He ________ on TV and becomes widely known.
A．interviewed B．has interviewed C．was interviewed D．will be interviewed
( )18.—Students begin to pay more attention to subjects of art education.
—That's true. They ________ in the senior high school entrance examination.
A．are tested B．were tested C．will be tested
( )19.—Why do some whales have to ________？
—Because humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil.Some of them are ________．
protect; dangerous B．protect; endangered
C．be protected; dangerous D．be protected; endangered
( )20. To celebrate the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China, a speech competition ________ in our school last week.
hold B．held C．is held D．was held
二、用所给动词的合适的时态和语态填空
1．I _______________(invite) to go to Betty's birthday party last night.
2．Hundreds of animals _______________(kill) in the fire last year.
3．A new library ______________(build) here.It will be very convenient for us.
4．Our clothes ______________(wash) by my mother every day.
5．I _____________(ask) to prepare for the speech.
6．Some new books ___________________(offer) later on.
7．________the boy ________(hurt) on this road last week
8．________ trees and flowers ___________(plant) every year
9．It ___________(say) that Mr.Li won't come back until next Friday.
10．This smartphone ____________(make) in China in 2019.
11．The three _____________(fisherman) are ready to catch fish now.
12．He gave a _______________(describe) of what he had seen to the police.
13．I wish you good ________(lucky) in the coming exam.
14．Kobe Bryant was good at ___________(play) basketball.
15．The mother has ________(hang) the clothes in the garden.
16．Poor me! My wallet was __________(steal) when I was doing shopping yesterday.
17．Our coach teacher required us _______________(practise) basketball every day.
18．The chairs are ________(make) of wood.
19．The little girl was ___________(bring) up by her grandparents.
20．I'd love to go __________(dive) in the sea.
语法填空
Basketball is（1） active and much﹣loved sport that is enjoyed by many for fun and exercise.So far，the"Village Basketball Association" at Taipan village in Guizhou has（2） （get）tons of attention.The final game of the Guizhou country basketball league（联赛），known（3） "Village BA"，took place on March 27.The winner was Team Qiandongnan and prizes for the team（4） （be）bags of rice，fish and ducks.The players were not （5） （profession）.Most of them were farmers from local villages and nearby cities.More than 30，000 people from across the country poured into the small village to watch the game.Even a single（6） （sit） was hard to get.People knocked on iron pots and bowls to cheer for players.Villagers performed folk songs and （7） （dance） in the halftime show.
Since 2016，the local government has worked（8） （hardly） to build new standard basketball courts （篮球场） to support basketball development.Taipan has now been a model place of rural vitalization（乡村振兴） in（9） （sport）and tourism （旅游业） .In the summer of 2022，about 500，000 visitors came here to watch"Village BA" games.It brought great benefits（收益） to the village.
Zeng Jinlong，a 17﹣year﹣old villager，has watched the games（10） he was 6 years old.He said， "I dream of taking part in the 'Village BA' final one day."
完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
Recently, Mr Mi, a disabled man, has become very popular online. He’s 1 at making clay figurines (泥人).
In 2003, Mi lost his 2 in an accident, but he didn’t become sad. He slowly learned to eat and get dressed in the year that followed the accident. He thought he had to find a way to make a living because he had a family to 3 .
One day, after seeing a man making dough figurines (面人) on the street, Mi became very 4 in it and decided to learn it from him. “At first, the man didn’t 5 when he saw that I had no fingers. But after I kept requesting (请求) him to 6 me, he finally said yes,” Mi said.
The learning process (过程) was challenging. In the beginning 7 could only make two roses in an afternoon. And his arms also hurt a lot. However, he 8 thought about giving up.
When Mi made clay figurines, he developed some methods suitable (适合的) for him and greatly improved his skills. Now, it takes Mi about seven 9 to make a simple clay figurine, and he can make about 30 a day.
Today, Mi not only makes a living by making clay figurines as he has hoped, but gets great 10 from it. He is very happy with his life.
1. A. bad B. good C. slow D. angry
2. A. legs B. eyes C. feet D. hands
3. A. look after B. look up C. look for D. look down
4. A. rich B. weak C. interested D. successful
5. A. agree B. worry C. know D. hide
6. A. forget B. punish C. teach D. remind
7. A. I B. he C. you D. she
8. A. always B. usually C. sometimes D. never
9. A. weeks B. days C. hours D. minutes
10 A. joy B. money C. wish D. surprise
二、阅读理解
A
Arsh Pal, a young artist from the US, is helping people in need through his paintings. When Arsh was eight, his family bought him a watercolour set for his birthday. Then he spent all his free time practising painting. Soon, he made lots of great paintings and began giving them away to his family and friends as presents.
Around the same time, Arsh often visited a local old people’s home. His mother worked there. While visiting the care centre, Arsh found that people there looked bored and lonely. So sometimes he came over to play games and talk with them. Later he decided to give them painting lessons for free. He also started selling his paintings to make money to help them.
Over the next few years, Arsh sold many of his works and donated the money to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. Last year, Arsh received the Diana Award (奖). It is for great young people aged 9 to 25 around the world for their hard work to improve others’ lives.
“Young people can make a difference to the world,” Arsh said. “It feels good to get the Diana Award.” Arsh says he will always continue his dreams of changing the world through art.
( ) 11. What did Arsh usually do in his free time
A. He did some paintings. B. He gave painting lessons.
C. He went to see his mother. D. He went to visit a hospital.
( ) 12. How were the people at the care centre in Arsh’s opinion
A. They were bored and tired. B. They were bored and lonely.
C. They were happy and excited. D. They were worried and angry.
( ) 13. What does the underlined word “donated” mean
Gave. B. Made. C. Saved. D. Collected.
( ) 14. What will Arsh do next most probably
A.He will ask others to join him. B.He will teach more people to paint.
C.He will keep painting and helping others.
D.He will work at a local old people’s home with his mother.
( ) 15. In which part of a newspaper may you read the passage
A. Travel. B. People. C. Science. D. Education.
B
From pointing to nodding, humans use signs to help communicate when talking to each other. Apes ( 猿 ) also have their own special signs to show what they mean. According to a new study, humans can understand the signs of apes.
Chimpanzees and bonobos (小黑猩猩) are two kinds of apes that are closest to humans. They use about 80 different signs to show what they mean. Although the two groups of apes use different signs sometimes, they share 90% of the same signs.
Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hobaiter at the University of St Andrews wanted to see if humans with no training or experience could understand the signs of chimpanzees and bonobos. They created a game for people to play online. The game was simple. People watched short videos of apes making a sign. Then they had to choose the correct meaning of the sign out of four possible answers.
The scientists were surprised to find that people were able to choose the correct meaning of the signs over 50% of the time. For some of the signs, people were able to choose the correct meaning about 80% of the time. One example of this was the sign of “wiping (擦) the mouth” meaning “give me that food”.
The scientists believe that humans may have a natural ability to understand the signs of apes. But it’s not clear why. They need to study how humans are able to understand the signs of apes.
( ) 16. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
Apes’ sign language is the same as humans’.
Chimpanzees and bonobos can make about 80 signs.
Chimpanzees and bonobos use the same sign language.
Chimpanzees and bonobos can communicate with humans.
( ) 17. What can we learn about the game
A.Both humans and apes could play the game. B.The game was a little difficult for young people.
C.There were four choices to choose from for each sign.
D.Scientists were surprised that most answers people gave were right.
( ) 18. Why did Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hobaiter create an online game
To help people spend their free time in an interesting way.
To attract people to play games and then make enough money.
To study the differences between the signs of humans and apes.
To test if humans with no training can understand apes’ signs.
( ) 19. What sign will apes do when they want to ask for some food
A.They will point to the food. B.They will nod at other apes.
C.They will wipe their mouths. D.They will make a big loud noise.
( ) 20. What is the passage mainly about
A.Apes’ special sign language. B.A kind of animal that is closest to humans.
C.A study on humans’ understanding of apes’ signs. D.Different sign languages between apes and humans.
C
Although foggy lenses (镜片) have been causing trouble for glasses wearers for as long as glasses have been invented, they happen more often to those wearing a mask (口罩). Researchers at a Swiss university may have finally come up with a way to solve the problem that works when someone’s wearing a mask, or when they’ve just come inside from the cold.
There’s no real mystery as to why glasses fog up. When warm moisture (湿气) in air, or from someone’s breath, hits a cold glasses lens, the moisture then changes into tiny water drops. It happens often in the winter, when people are coming in from the outside, and now all year round, with masks that don’t form a closed space around the wearer’s nose allowing warm air to go upwards as they breathe.
Fogging up is also a problem for car windows. The simple way is to heat the windows using hot air from the engine, but adding electric heaters to glasses, which are made to be lightweight and comfortable to wear, isn’t really possible. So, researchers found a special way to heat the lenses, that is, a new kind of glass coating (玻璃涂层).
The coating is made from a very thin layer of gold. The layer of gold takes in
light from the sun, causing the glass to heat up by up to 89℃, stopping moisture in the air from changing into fog on it. But this method is not that perfect. As the gold draws the energy it needs to heat up from the sun, the coating won’t do much good in the evening.
( ) 21. Who will welcome the new glasses most
A.People wearing a mask. B.People enjoying the sun.
C.People working at home. D.People having difficulty breathing.
( ) 22. What does Paragraph 2 tell us
A.Why our glasses get foggy. B.What the new glasses can do.
C.How to keep our glasses fog-free. D.When people should wear glasses.
( ) 23. Which of the following is TRUE about the new coating
A.It heats the glasses to at least 8°C. B.It is made out of two main materials.
C.It works better during the day than at night. D.It heats the glasses by sensing the body’s temperature.
( ) 24. Which can be the best title of the passage
A. A secret to glasses that never break up. B.How to solve a problem with car windows.
C.A special coating is being used on face masks. D.Researchers found a way to keep glasses from fogging up.
( ) 25. Which is the best structure of the passage
A. ①②/③/④ B. ①/②③④ C. ①②/③④ D. ①/②/③④
第二节 短文填空（共 5 题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分）
Zhu noticed the woman finished four books in one month.
I always wonder whether there are still people reading paper books.
Zhu met a lot of subway readers and made friends with many of them.
Zhu also shares her photos online and sometimes makes short comments.
She says she has finished more books on the subway than anywhere else.
They inspire Zhu to continue photographing readers on the Chinese subway.
———————————————————————————————————————————
In the past 1,000 days, Zhu Liwei has taken more than 1,000 photos of people reading books on the subway in Beijing. Zhu says, “(26) These photos are a good answer to my question.”
Every weekday during her two-hour subway commute ( 通 勤 ), Zhu reads. (27) “I am a bookworm and I’m curious about what books others are reading,” she says. “When I started to pay attention to people around me, I found many like-minded (志趣相投的) readers.”
Zhu has been photographing people reading books on the subway ever since. (28) For example, once she shared a photo and wrote, “September 3, 2020. Some people are always curious about the past. He is reading Daily Life in Traditional China: The Tang Dynasty.”
In her about three years of photographing subway readers, Zhu has met different kinds of people. For a period of time, she often saw a young woman reading at the same place almost every weekday at 8:10 am. (29)
Many who have seen Zhang’s photos have left comments (评论). One says, “It is just like seeing myself reading during my 2-hour-and-40-minute commute.”
Some foreign photographers have taken photos of readers on the London, New York and Moscow subways. (30) “When I look at those photos, it’s like meeting some like-minded friends,” she says.
三、 语法填空（共 10 题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分）
THE BOY, THE MOLE, THE FOX AND THE HORSE is a short cartoon film. It won the best animated (动画的) short film at the 95th Academy Awards.
The film is directed by Peter Baynton and Charlie Mackesy. It is based on Mackesy’s book of (36) same name. The book has sold more than eight million copies worldwide (37) it was first published in 2019.
The film tells the story of the unusual friendship of a boy, a mole, a fox and a horse. In his search for (38) (he) home, a young boy meets a brave and friendly mole, a hungry and ill-tempered (坏脾气的) fox, and a wise horse. They then travel together. Along the way they explore the (39) (mean) of kindness, courage and hope.
(actual), this 32-minute film is not made only for kids. It’s for people of all ages. Some parts of the film can only be understood (41) someone who has experienced some of the best and (42) (bad) things in life.
For example, in the film, when things are out of control, the horse tells the boy (43) (stop)feeling sorry and move on bravely.
In the film, Mackesy’s hand-drawn drawings are beautifully shown on the screen. The lines (台词) (44) (pull) directly from the pages of the book. The voice actors have also done a
good job in (45) (turn) touching moments on the pages into tear-jerking ( 催泪的) scenes on the screen. In a word, it’s a film you should never miss.
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