北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 7 Art Careers Lesson 1 EQ：IQ_课前导学（含答案）

Unit 7 Careers Lesson 1 EQ: IQ—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册课前导学
一、重点单词
n. 经济，经济制度 ____________
adj. 外部的 ____________
v. 伤残 ____________
v. 预测 ____________
n. 部门 ____________
n. 协会 ____________
n. 助手 ____________
二、重点短语
做某事有困难 ________________________
继承某人的事业，是某人的后尘 ________________________
即将……，就要……；在行进中，在路上 ________________________
参与，卷入，和……有关；忙于，专心于 ________________________
三、知识讲解
1. While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence.
你的智商表明你的聪明程度，而你的情商则表明你利用自己的聪明才智的程度如何。
while在此处用作从属连词，表示让步，意为“虽然，尽管”，通常用于句首。主句的前面不可有but等连接词。
while作从属连词的用法
（1）“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句，谓语动词要用延续性动词。
（2）“而；然而”，连接两个并列句，表示对比。
（3）“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，常位于主句前面。
While the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.
尽管这些学生来自不同的国家，他们在夏令营里相处得非常好。
Warm colours like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colours make us feel less hungry.
暖色如黄色使食物看起来让人更有胃口，而冷色却使我们感觉不那么饥饿。
2. It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.
人们通常认为高情商的人善于接受新观点并对生活持积极的态度。
本句中“It is generally believed that…”意为“人们通常认为……”，是“It + be + 过去分词+ that...”句型，其中it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。
“It + be + 过去分词 + that...”句型
（1）句型解读：it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，that仅起连接作用，不做成分。
（2）常用于此句型的过去分词（短语）有believed, said, reported, thought, hoped, suggested, known, estimated, proved, pointed out 等。
It is generally believed that a good education is beneficial to young people.
人们通常认为良好的教育对年轻人是有益的。
It is said that everybody have the same bad habit; the more we like someone; the more we will tease him or her.
据说，每个人都有一个同样的坏习惯：越是喜欢谁，就越爱欺负谁。
（3）该句型可转换为“Sb./ Sth. + be + 过去分词 + 不定式”句型。
人们认为莫言是在世的最伟大的作家之一。
It is believed that Mo Yan is one of the greatest living writers.
Mo Yan is believed to be one of the greatest living writers.
（4）“Sb./ Sth. + be + 过去分词 + 不定式”句型中的不定式除了用一般式表示一般情况之外，还可用进行式和完成式表示动作正在进行和动作已经完成。
The moon is said to be at its biggest and brightest on Mid-Autumn Day.
中秋节那天的月亮据说是最大最亮的。（一般情况）
He is said to be studying in Australia as an exchange student.
据说他正在澳大利亚作为交换生学习。（动作正在进行）
The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turnoff his radio.据说，已故音乐家丹尼斯·布莱恩曾要求同行的一名火车乘客关掉他的收音机。（动作已经完成）
3. Altogether, the results of studies show that EQ is as important, if not more important than IQ.
总而言之，研究结果表明，情商即使不比智商更重要，也至少与智商同样重要。
本句为省略的“as + adj. + as”结构，其中又有if引导的状语从句的省略。
be + as + adj.，if not + 比较级 + than
“be + as + adj.，if not + 比较级 + than…”表示“即使不比……，也至少和……一样……”。
Experiencing failure is as meaningful, if not more meaningful than achieving success.
经历失败即使不比获得成功更有意义，也至少和获得成功同样有意义。
4. A high EQ is necessary for this—the higher the better.
为此，高情商是必要的——越高越好。
the + 比较级...，the + 比较级...
“the + 比较级...，the + 比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。前者表示条件，后者表示结果。
Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the better your performance will be.
到了某个点，你承受的压力越大，你的表现就越好。
The more frequently mothers had called to their eggs, the more similar were the babies' begging calls.
妈妈们对着它们的蛋叫得越频繁，它们的孩子的求食声就越相似。
The more you know about Internet search, the faster you will find what you are looking for.
你对因特网搜索了解得越多，你找到所要寻找的东西的速度就越快。
The longer you have to wait for something, the more you will appreciate it when it finally arrives.
越是在漫长等待后到来的东西，你就越会珍惜。
四、基础练习
1.John is very __________(rely) —if he promises to do something, he'll do it.
2.Tsinghua University, _________(found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
3.Here is the perfect _________(solve) to all your problems.
4.Have you been aware that under the tree are a scholar and two _________(assist)
5.What was his __________(react) to the news
6.He rushed into the room, with his face _____(cover) with sweat.
7.A person with a mental or physical _________(disable) should also be treated with respect.
8._____(adapt) from real history, the film achieved great success.
9.Once _____(bite) by a dog, you should go and get a vaccine shot immediately.
10._____(give) more attention, the accident could have been avoided.
五、拓展练习
My name is Destiny, working at a Psychological Counselling Center. In my teens, there was nothing special about me. My older sister, Antia, is beautiful. My younger brother, Tye, is a talent at the age 13. He completely skipped the sixth grade. How do I compete with that
My mom and I were home alone one day. I went into the room where she was watching television and I blurted out(脱口而出), "Mom, is there anything special about me "
She thought about it for a moment and then turned down TV. She took a deep breath, took my hand and exhaled(呼气).
"You have the ability to say just the right thing at just the right time."
"Really Is that it, words " I tried to keep my voice steady(稳定的) but I could hear the anger even as I fought to control it.
"It's more than words, Destiny," my mom said. I know my mother meant well but I felt worse than ever. I burst into tears.
The next day is when my whole life changed. I went to school earlier than before and noticed Darwin sitting across the room which was strange because no one ever noticed Darwin. Suddenly, Darwin stood up and threw away all his books, shouting loudly. I could hear screaming and crying but the sounds seemed distant as I focused my full attention on Darwin six feet in front of me. I felt the words swell up in me. "Darwin," I heard myself say with a calm, steady voice. "I have family and friends with so much talent and potential and I have none. There is nothing special about me." From the corner of my eye, I could see others staring at me in silence. I continued talking. "You are so smart. You can answer questions that the teacher hasn't even asked yet. Do you know that everyone in this class is envious(嫉妒的) of you " Hearing my words, he calmed down and gave me a big hug.
Then the teacher came. Learning about what happened, the teacher smiled, "That was a great job you did, young lady. Superman could not have done a better job than you did here today." I couldn't believe that she compared me to Superman. I work at Psychological Counselling Center now. There is a cork board over my desk filed with thank-you cards and letters from people who say they owe their lives, careers, or their families to my words. But tome, they are more than words. They are my super power!
11.Why does the author mention her sister and brother
A. She is envious of them. B. She feels really proud of them.
C. She wants to show family love. D. She considers competing with them.
12.What is the author's reaction to her mother's words in Paragraph 6
A. She said more words to her mother.
B. She could hardly believe her mother.
C. She understood her mother's white lie.
D. She had doubt about her mother's love.
13.What do we know about Darwin from the text
A. He quarreled with his classmates.
B. He lacked great talent and potential.
C. He failed again in the examination.
D. He suddenly lost control for some reason.
14.Which is a suitable title for the text
A. A Brave Superman B. The Power of Words
C. A Strange Classmate D. The Future of a Career
15."To be a musician, it's like fulfilling a part of your life that can't be replaced. It's something that I enjoy and I love to do and I get a satisfaction from it."
That is Renald Richard. Born in 1925 in Thibodaux, Louisiana, just west of New Orleans, Richard's memories of childhood are filled with music. His father played the piano by ear. ①______ So at the age of six, Richard started piano lessons at home.
At the age of 13, Renald Richard went to see a band perform at a church dance. It was very amazing and he decided to play the trumpet. ②______ Then in Houston, Texas in 1954, Richard was approached by Jeff Brown, the manager of musician Ray Charles. He recalled, "③_____ He just got a hit record out and he would be interested in you playing the trumpet in the band. Would you like to do that Of course. Ray Charles. I said 'yes'!"
④____ "First of all, to be selected by Ray Charles was an honor to me. I was honored by that and a little nervous." In time, Richard became Charles' bandleader. Richard stayed friendly with Ray Charles over the years. ⑤_____ Four years later, he moved again, this time to New York City.
Over the years, Richard has written many other songs that have been recorded by artists or bands including Joe Turner, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones and Elvis Presley, to name but a few.
Renald Richard retired from teaching in 1991.
A. Ray Charles is forming a new band.
B. He found himself can't live without the trumpet.
C. His uncles and cousins all played instruments and sang.
D. He went on with his musical life in the years to follow.
E. Renald Richard soon was playing his trumpet for Ray Charles' band.
F. He thought it was the right decision to work with Ray Charles for many years.
G. He went back to his hometown and became the high school's band director until 1962.
答案以及解析
1.答案：reliable
解析：考查词性转换。句意:约翰是非常值得信赖的，如果他承诺做某事，他就会去做。分析句子结构可知，is是系动词，故设空处应用形容词作表语，故填reliable，意为“可靠的，可信赖的”。
2.答案：founded
解析：提示:句意:建于1911年的清华大学培养了 —大批杰出的人士。Tsinghua University与found之间存在着被动关系,founded为过去分词表被动,也表动作已完成,这里是过去分词做定语。
3.答案：solution
解析：考查词性转换。句意:这是你所有问题的最佳解决办法。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用名词，故填solution，意为“解决办法”。
4.答案：assistants
解析：意为:你有没有注意到树下有一位学者和两位助理 under the tree are a scholar and two...为倒装句,设空处和scholar一起作主语,应填名词,assistant为可数名词,前有two修饰,故此处填assistants。
5.答案：reaction
解析：考查名词。空前的his为形容词性物主代词,其后应用名词,故填reaction。
6.答案：covered
解析：考查过去分词。句意:他冲进房间,满脸都是汗。his face是第一个介词with的宾语,设空处作宾语补足语,而cover与his face之间是被动关系,故填covered。
7.答案：disability
解析：意为:一个在精神或身体上有障碍的人同样应该受到尊重。该句中with a mental or physical...为介词短语作后置定语,修饰person,设空处为介词with的宾语,应填名词,前有不定冠词a,故填disability。
8.答案：Adapted
解析：考查过去分词。句意:由于根据真实历史改编,这部电影取得了巨大的成功。adapt与the film之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作原因状语,句首单词首字母应大写,故填Adapted。
9.答案：bitten
解析：考查过去分词。句意:一旦被狗咬了,你就应该立即去打疫苗。bite与其逻辑主语you之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作时间状语,故填bitten。
10.答案：Given
解析：考查过去分词。句意:如果多加注意,这场事故本可以避免。give与句子主语the accident 之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作条件状语,故填Given。
11.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中"In my teens, there was nothing special about me.(十几岁的时候，我没什么特别的)"可知，作者先说自己没有什么特别的，接着下文"My older sister, Antia, is beautiful. My younger brother, Tye, is a talent at the age 13.(我的姐姐Antia很漂亮。我的弟弟Tye 13岁就成了天才)"提到姐姐很漂亮，弟弟是天才，推知作者提到姐姐和弟弟是将一无是处的自己与他们对比，表达羡慕之情。故选A。
12.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中"I know my mother meant well but I felt worse than ever.(我知道我妈妈是好意，但我感觉比以前更糟了)"可知，作者知道妈妈是出于好意说了那些话，但自己知道不能真的相信妈妈说的话，所以感觉更糟糕。故选B。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中"Suddenly, Darwin stood up and threw away all his books, shouting loudly.(突然，Darwin站了起来，扔掉了所有的书，大声喊叫)"可知，Darwin突然莫名失控了。故选D。
14.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合文章最后两句"But to me, they are more than words. They are my super power!(但对我来说，它们不仅仅是文字。它们是我的超能力！)"可知， 本文主要讲述作者原来觉得自己毫无才能，但妈妈告诉她她的语言很有力量，在通过语言帮助了身边的人后，作者终于认可了自己的才能，因此本文的主题应是"语言的力量"。故选B。
15.答案：①-⑤ CDAEG
解析：本文是一篇记叙文。雷纳德·理查德生于1925年，受家庭环境的影响，他从小喜爱音乐。他6岁学习钢琴，13岁学习小号，后来加入雷·查尔斯的乐队。理查德还写了很多歌，披头士、滚石乐队、猫王都唱过他的歌。
①根据上文"His father played the piano by ear. (他父亲靠听觉弹奏钢琴)"和下文"So at the age of six, Richard started piano lessons at home. (所以在六岁的时候，理查德开始在家学习钢琴)"可知，该空承接上文，讲理查德的其他家人也热爱音乐，与该空后句信息构成因果逻辑。C项"他的叔叔和堂兄弟都演奏乐器和唱歌"符合题意。故选C。
②根据上文"At the age of 13, Renald Richard went to see a band perform at a church dance. It was very amazing and he decided to play the trumpet. (13岁时，雷纳德·理查德去教堂看乐队表演。太令人惊奇了，他决定吹小号)"和下文"Then in Houston, Texas in 1954, Richard was approached by Jeff Brown, the manager of musician Ray Charles. (1954年，在德克萨斯州的休斯顿，音乐家雷·查尔斯的经理杰夫·布朗找到了理查德)"可知，上下文按时间顺序讲述理查德的音乐历程。由此推知，空处也陈述某个时间段理查德的音乐历程。D项"在接下来的岁月里，他继续着自己的音乐生涯"符合题意，选项中"the years to follow"即指13岁起到1954年期间。故选D。
③根据下文"He just got a hit record out and he would be interested in you playing the trumpet in the band. (他刚出了一张热门唱片，他会对你在乐队里吹小号感兴趣的)"可知，此处提到了乐队。由此可知，上文应陈述成立了一个乐队。A项"雷·查尔斯正在组建一支新乐队"符合题意，下文的he指代选项中的"雷·查尔斯"。故选A。
④结合上文雷·查尔斯邀请理查德成为乐队小号手和下文""First of all, to be selected by Ray Charles was an honor to me. I was honored by that and a little nervous." In time, Richard became Charles' bandleader. ("首先，被雷·查尔斯选中对我来说是一种荣誉。我很荣幸，也有点紧张。"后来，理查德成了查尔斯的乐队指挥)"可知，空处应陈述理查德成为了乐队的小号手。E项"雷纳德·理查德很快就为雷·查尔斯的乐队演奏了小号"符合题意。故选E。
⑤根据上文"Richard stayed friendly with Ray Charles over the years. (理查德和雷·查尔斯多年来一直保持着友好关系)"和下文"Four years later, he moved again, this time to New York City. (四年后，他再次搬家，这次搬到了纽约)"尤其again推知，虽然而查尔斯感情很好，但理查德选择了离开，搬到了其后地方，后来又搬到了纽约。G项"他回到家乡，成为家乡高中的乐队指挥，直到1962年"符合题意。故选G。