Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations Reading and Thinking——高一英语人教版（2019）必修第三册课前导学
一、课前预习
1. 重点词汇
lantern n. 灯笼;提灯
carnival n. 狂欢节;嘉年华
march vi.&n. _____________
congratulation n. 祝贺;恭喜
riddle n.谜语;神秘事件
ceremony n.典礼;仪式
range n. _____________
origin n. _____________
religion n.宗教;宗教信仰
religious adj. _____________
figure n.人物;数字;身材vt.认为;认定
charm n.魅力;迷人的特征;咒语
joy n.高兴;喜悦
joyful adj.高兴的;快乐的
gratitude n. _____________
harvest n. _____________
agricultural adj.农业(劳动/生产)
agriculture n.农业:农艺
crop n.庄稼;作物: 一季的收成
gather v. _____________
grateful adj. _____________
feature vt. ...为特色n.特色;特征;特点
decorate v. _____________
church n. (基督教的)教堂:礼拜堂
significant adj. _____________
2. 重点短语
1. dress (sb.) up _____________
2.after all _____________
3.range from...to.. _____________
a wide range of 广泛的
4.fade away _____________
5.in spite of _____________
6.take advantage of _____________
7.have sth. in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同特征
8.to be frank 坦白说:坦白地说
9. except for _____________
10.be gratefiul for sth. 对某事感激
11. _____________ 对......满意
12.be decorated with 用..来装饰
13.figure out 分析出
14. _____________ 偶尔
15. show/ have respect for sb 尊重某人
二、易错点讲解
1. make it + adj./n. + for sb. to do sth.
在该结构中，it是形式宾语，动词不定式短语作真正的宾语，it后的形容词或名词作宾语补足语，for用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。
The Internet makes it possible to share the latest news.
网络使得分享最新的消息成为可能。
She made it her business to find out who was responsible.
她一定要查清楚到底该谁负责。
(1) 能用于上述结构的动词还有find, think, consider, keep, believe, suppose等。
We think it our duty to protect the environment.
我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。
(2) 真正的宾语除了不定式以外,还可以用that引导从句。
I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.
我已经讲得很清楚,任何人不准在这儿吸烟。
We find it necessary that we practise spoken English every day.
我们发现每天练习英语口语是必要的。
三、基础练习
1.After school we went to the reading-room, only to be told that it ____________(decorate).
2.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial(商业化), with businesses ____________(take) advantage of the celebrations.
3.The festivals is ____________(hold) next Friday.
4. ____________(fortunate), many traditional festivals are becoming less and less popular in modern society.
5.The International Kite Festival is regarded ____________ one of the best, biggest and most popular kite festivals in the world.
6.Customs play ____________ significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.
7.After the classroom ____________(decorate) with flowers and balloons, it looked very beautiful.
8.Have faith ____________ yourself and be well prepared and you can pass the final exam.
9.The lantern Festival is the first full moon night in Chinese lunar year, ___________(indicate) harmony, reunion, and the coming back of the spring.
10.The Lantern Festival is an occasion ____________ the families get together and everyone—young, old, rich and poor-has fun.
四、思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
Christmas is coming, and it is time to warm yourself and head out to see some festive lights. There are plenty of options when it comes to following a light path as part of your Christmas celebrations.
Oxford Street
Oxford Street's festive lights are a treat for the eyes this year. However, you'll have to pick your hours carefully as the lights—which were turned on at the start of November—are only on for eight hours a day this year, from 3–11 pm, in the wake of the rising energy costs the country is facing. It is expected this will reduce energy usage by up to two thirds compared to previous years, when the lights have been on for 24 hours through November and December.
Kew Gardens
One of the most famous light paths of the season, Christmas at Kew offers a full-on festive experience, with over 2 km of lights to walk through. Along the way you'll have the chance to sample festive food and drink, and possibly even say hello to Santa himself.
Regent Street
Regent Street's lights are on the theme of "The Spirit of Christmas" this year, bringing golden angels to the shopping street. The lights, which cover Regent Street and the St James's neighbourhoods, were turned on November 9, and like the Oxford St lights are turned on between 3 pm and 11 pm.
Covent Garden
A visit to Covent Garden will certainly get you in the festive spirit this year, with the central London destination offering a whole lot of lights—from 11 am until midnight every day until January 3. Visitors can also enjoy daily "snow showers" as well as festive food treats and heated wine—with over 40 different varieties there.
11.Why are Oxford Street's festive lights just on for 8 hours a day this year
A. The public ask to turn off these lights.
B. The quality of these lights is not good.
C. The government wants to save energy.
D. The country expects to differ from previous years.
12.In which place do the lights mainly focus on "The Spirit of Christmas"
A. Oxford Street. B. Kew Gardens. C. Regent Street. D. Covent Garden.
13.What can visitors do when visiting Covent Garden
A. Take a shower.
B. See snow all day.
C. Pick out the favourite lights.
D. Enjoy many different kinds of wines.
2.七选五
How to Organize a Music Festival
You love music and you always have. You want to carry out a music festival designed to attract music fans of all ages. Follow the steps and you’ll organize a successful one.
◆Start by making a list of the local bands and artists that you like. You’ve taken this job because you love music, so put your taste to work for you. If you like these musicians, many of the local people will also like them. ①_______. You need to have many kinds of music for all age groups.
◆Find a great location that has much open space for outdoor festivals. You need to build a stage so the musicians can be seen from distances. ②_______. Not all towns need such license but it is a good idea to check before you start building. For an indoor location, you need to find a theater that is willing to give you enough space. ③_______.
◆Hire sound engineers to give the musicians all the help they need. ④_______. You can’t expect the musicians to handle these problems because they are playing. Your sound and engineering experts will allow your stars to keep the music playing.
◆⑤_______. If you are planning your festival for families, the last thing you want is a beer-swilling crowd starting a huge fight. Security people need to be present to make sure that nobody gets the idea that they want to start any kind of ruckus (骚乱).
A. You need to find security people.
B. We can find enough songs to get a lot of money.
C. Bigger sports stadiums will be perfect as well.
D. But remember, you are trying to attract fans of all ages.
E. People should have practiced many different songs.
F. You can find a location by going to the local government and asking for permission.
G. The last thing you want is that a group is on the stage but the speakers don’t work.
答案以及解析
基础练习
1.答案：was being decorated
解析：考查时态语态。句意：放学后，我们去了阅览室，却被告知正在装修。分析句子结构可知，空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句的时态为一般过去时，而根据语境可知阅览室正在被装修，所以时态应该为过去进行时，而主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系，综上所述，句子为过去进行时态的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填was being decorated。
2.答案：taking
解析：考查现在分词。句意：节日变得越来越商业化，商家也利用节日来庆祝。分析句子可知，该空为“with + 名词 + 现在分词”复合结构用法；句中with结构的名词为businesses，与该空为主动关系，该空应填taking。故填taking。
3.答案：to be held
解析：考查非谓语。句意:节日定于下周五举行。分析子可知，这里考查非谓语，The festivals与hold为被动关系，再由nextFriday可知，这里应用不定式被动语态作表语。故填to be held。
4.答案：Unfortunately
解析：句意为:遗憾的是,许多传统节日在现代社会变得越来越不受欢迎。分析句子结构可知,此处作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词;结合句意可知,此处表示“遗憾的是”,应用fortunately的反义词。故填Unfortunately。
5.答案：as
解析：考查介词。句意:该国际风筝节被认为是世界上最好、最大和最受欢迎的风筝节之一。be regarded as...意为"被认为……,被视为……"。
6.答案：a
解析：句意:习俗在节日中扮演着重要的角色，但有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变。此处考查动词短语play a role in.,意为“在..中扮演角色，在……中起作用”，为固定短语，形容词significant为辅音音素开头，设空处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
7.答案：was decorated
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:教室被用鲜花和气球装饰后看起来非常漂亮。分析句子成分可知,设空处在从句中作谓语,由主句的时态可知此处应用一般过去时;the classroom与decorate之间是被动关系,所以应用一般过去时的被动语态;the classroom为单数形式,谓语应用单数。故填was decorated。
8.答案：in
解析：考查介词。句意:对自己有信心并且做好准备,你就能通过期末考试。have faith in...表示“对……有信心;信任……”。故填in。
9.答案：indicating
解析：句意为:元宵节是中国农历的第一个满月之夜象征着和谐、团圆和春天的到来。分析句子可知,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语,indicate与其逻辑主语The Lantern Festival 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。故填 indicating:
10.答案：when
解析：句意为:元宵节是家人团聚的日子,无论老少贫富,人都玩得开心。分析句子可知,此句为主从复合句, 设空处引导限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词 an occasion,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词 when 引导该从句。故填 when。
思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据 Oxford Street 部分中的关键句 However, you'll have to pick your hours carefully as the lights—which were turned on at the start of November—are only on for eight hours a day this year, from 3—11 pm, in the wake of the rising energy costs the country is facing. 可知,由于能源成本不断上涨,今年的彩灯每天只开8小时。由此可知, 今年牛津街的节日彩灯每天只开8小时是因为政府想要节约能源。故选C。
12.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据 Regent Street 部分中的关键句 Regent Street's lights are on the theme of "The Spirit of Christmas" this year, bringing golden angels to the shopping street. 可知,摄政街的灯光今年以“圣诞精神” 为主题。故选C。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Covent Garden 部分中的关键句 Visitors can also enjoy daily "snow showers" as well as festive food treats and heated wine-with over 40 different varieties there. 可知, 游客参观科文特花园时可以享用多种不同的葡萄酒。故选D。
2.七选五
答案：DFCGA
解析：
①根据空前“If you like these musicians, many of the local residents will also like them.”（如果你喜欢一些音乐家,那么当地很多人也喜欢他们）后文提到“You need to have many kinds of music for all age groups.”（你需要为所有年龄段的人准备多种音乐。）由此判断，喜欢音乐的人年龄各异，如果要举办音乐会的话就要努力符合所有年龄段的粉丝。D项But remember, you are trying to attract fans of all ages.（但是要记住，你在努力吸引所有年龄段的粉丝）起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选D。
②根据空后“Not all towns need such license but it is a good idea to check before you start building. ”（不是所有的城镇都需要这样的许可但在搭建舞台前最好确认一下。）由此判断，要举办一场音乐会，要看当地是否需要许可证。F项You can find a location by going to the local government and asking for permission.（要找到这样一个地方，你可以去当地政府并征求许可），与下一句语意相接，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选F。
③根据空前“For an indoor location, you need to find a theater that is willing to give you enough space. ”（对于一个室内的位置，你需要找到一个愿意给你足够空间的剧院。）该段提到要想举办室内音乐节，可以去找能提供足够空间的剧院。C项Bigger sports stadiums will be perfect as well.（大一些的体育馆也是很理想的地方）承接上文，提出了举办室内音乐节场地的另一种方案，符合文意。故选C。
④第四段第一句提到“Hire sound engineers to give the musicians all the help they need.（聘请音响工程师为乐手提供他们所需的一切帮助。）”由此判断，该段提出的建议是聘请音响和工程专家来协助自己，G项The last thing you want is that a group is on the stage but the speakers don’t work.（你最不愿意看到的事情就是音乐家在台上表演扬声器却坏了），该项中提到的the speakers don’t work（扬声器出故障了）是音响和工程专家能解决的问题，该项符合文意。故选G.
⑤后文提到“If you are planning your festival for families, the last thing you want is a beer-swilling crowd starting a huge fight. Security people need to be present to make sure that nobody gets the idea that they want to start any kind of ruckus(骚乱).（如果你正在计划一个家庭节日，你最不希望看到的是一群喝着啤酒的人开始大打出手。安全人员需要在场，以确保没有人知道他们想要引起任何骚动。）”为了音乐节顺利进行不出现骚乱，你需要聘请安保人员维持秩序。A项You need to find security people.（你需要找一些安保人员）该项中 security people（安保人员）是关键词，符合该段主旨，起到引出后文的作用。故选A。Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations Reading and Thinking——高一英语人教版（2019）必修第三册课前导学
一、课前预习
1. 重点词汇
atmosphere n. ________________
lunar adj.阴历的;月球的;月亮的
eve n.前夕;前一天
envelope n. ________________
merry adj. ________________
pumpkin n.南瓜
pudding n.布丁: (餐末的)甜食
roast adj.烤的:焙的vi.&vt. ________________
turkey n.火鸡;火鸡肉
pleased adj. ________________
firework n. ________________
frank adj. ________________
inner adj.内部的;里面的;内心的
autonomous adj.自治的;有自治权的
2. 重点短语
go off ________________
celebrate the Lunar New Year 庆祝农历新年
enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together一起欣赏激动人心的舞龙和嘉年华
exchange students ________________
on an Internet forum 在一个互联网论坛上
It is great fun doing sth. ________________
enjoy the relaxing atmosphere 享受轻松的气氛
the dinner on the Lunar New Year's Eve 年夜饭
the lunar calendar ________________
the lunar month 农历月份
the Lunar NewYear ________________
the Lunar New Years Eve ________________
get together ________________
get lucky money 得到压岁钱
eat delicious food 吃美味的食物
take one's eyes off ________________
Christmas carol 圣诞颂歌
Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐!
throw at ________________
the number of... ________________
take part in this tomato fight 参加这场番茄大战
reach up to... ________________
last for a whole hour 持续整整一个小时
wash away ________________
This is because... 这是因为……(because引导表语从句)
二、易错点讲解
1.It的常用句型
(1) it 在强调句中用法:
①It is + 被强调部分 +that ...
②It is not until + 被强调部分 +that ...
It was she that/who broke the record in the history.
正是她打破了历史记录。
It was not until midnight that she went to bed.
直到午夜，她才上床睡觉。
(2) It is time (about time, high time) that ... 常意为"是(正是)... 的时候..."
It is high time that we should employ two more workers.
现在是我们再雇两个工人的时候了。
(3) It (That /This) is /was /will be + the first (second ...) time that...
第几次做某事
It is my first time that I have been to Beijing.
这是我第一次来北京。
(4) It is (has been)+一段时间+since ...
自从...已经多久了
It has been three years since I quit my job.
我已经辞职三年了。
(5) It is/was ...when ...做某事的时候是几点
It was eight o'clock when I got home.
我到家的时候八点了。
(6) It is/was/will be+段时间+before...还要多久才..
It will not be a long time before we achieve our goals.
距离我们实现目标的时间不会太长。
三、基础练习
1.According to a new survey, people who keep pets may be more professionally successful, and this is______ (absolute) good news for ambitious pet keepers.
2.Technologies______ (represent) by AI and big data have a great influence, and they are closely related to ordinary people's life.
3.When visiting Guizhou Province, I was educated on the______ (region) history of the Miao people whose culture is rich in fashion, food, pottery and music.
4.What he said sounded______ (convince). Everyone was nodding frequently.
5.The Spring Festival is an occasion _____ family members get together to enjoy family life.
6.The teacher is trying to create an atmosphere _____ students can study happily.
7.Pictures _____(flash) on the screen of the mobile phone can damage people's eyes.
8.The _____(decorate) of the rooms of the old people's home is suitable for the old.
9.The strange noise made all of the little kids________ (frighten).
10.The houses______ (build) now are for the teachers.
四、思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
The Tomatina Festival(西红柿节) is a festival that is held in a town named Bunol in Spain, on which people throw tomatoes for fun. It is held on the last Wednesday of August each year.
In 1945, during a parade(游行) in the town one day, young men who wanted to be in the parade started a fight in the town square. They used tomatoes as weapons(武器).This is the most popular story about how the Tomatina Festival started.
At around 10: 00a.m.on Wednesday, activities that are organized to celebrate the festival begin. The first one is climbing a pole with a ham on top. When a person is climbing, some people sing and dance. When the person drops the ham off the pole, the tomato fight starts. The tomatoes come from Extremadura. The tomatoes there are less expensive and are grown specially for the festival. The number of tomatoes used is about 150, 000. After exactly one hour, the fight ends. The whole square becomes red because there is tomato juice everywhere. Then hoses are used to clean the square and to wash away the tomato juice on people’s bodies. After that, the town goes back to the way it was.
The local government has made some rules for the safety of people. One of them is as follows: People have to squash(把……挤软) the tomatoes before throwing in order not to hurt other people.
The Tomatina Festival has inspired other similar celebrations in other parts of the world, for example, in the city of Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China, a tomato fight is held on October 19th.
11.During the Tomatina Festival in Spain, people throw tomatoes .
A. to show they are angry B. to make money
C. for fun D. for exercise
12.The second paragraph is mainly about the the Tomatina Festival in Spain.
A. rules for B. activities during C. future of D. origin of
13.The Tomatina Festival is held .
A. in Extremadura B. in October C. near a river D. in August
14.What can we learn from this passage
A. The tomato fight in Spain lasts for a day.
B. The local government made rules in order to protect people.
C. The tomatoes used during the Tomatina Festival in Spain are expensive.
D. The tomato fight in Guangdong is on the same day as the Tomatina Festival in Spain.
2. 七选五
Study abroad
Every year, thousands of students choose to study abroad for the summer, six months, a year or longer. Here are some things you need to know before you make such a decision.
Why do it
Living in another country will help you learn about the culture of another land. You will see the world in a new way. ①____ Many companies today want employees who speak a second language or who have experienced living or working in another country.
Making the right choice
To choose the right country or school, ask yourself these questions: ②______ Do I want to live with a host family(寄宿家庭), with roommates, or alone How much do I want to pay
③______
Get your passport and visa(签证)early! Before you go, learn as much of the language as you can, and read about the customs(风俗) of your host country. Also, talk with people who have experience studying abroad. Call the school to make sure someone can meet you when you get there.
Once you are there
After the first few weeks it's usual to feel a little homesick. ④______ Just be open to meeting new people and having new experiences. Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place with new customs. Talk to your new friends and write about your feelings. ⑤______
A. Getting ready to go
B. Improving your language skills
C. You'll miss your family and friends.
D. How long do I want to study abroad
E. Make a phone call to the" study abroad" office.
F. Always keep an open mind and you will succeed.
G. Studying abroad is also excellent training for the working world.
答案以及解析
基础练习
1.答案：absolutely
解析：句意为: 根据一项新的调查, 养宠物的人在工作上可能会更成功, 这对有雄心的养宠物的人来说绝对是个好消息。此处意为 “绝对地”, 表示强调, 应用副词。故填 absolutely。
2.答案：represented
解析：句意为: 以人工智能和大数据为代表的技术影响巨大,且与普通人的生活密切相关。此句中 ______by AI and big data 作后置定语, 修饰 Technologies, represent 与 Technologies 之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 所以应用过去分词。故填 represented。
3.答案：regional
解析：句意为: 在贵州省游览时,我了解了苗族的地域历史, 苗族文化在时尚、饮食、陶器和音乐方面都很丰富多彩。设空处修饰名词 history,应用形容词, 表示 “地区的; 区域的”。故填 regional。
4.答案：convincing
解析：句意为:他说的话听起来很令人信服,每个人都频频点头。sounded 在此为连系动词, 后接表语; convincing 的主语一般为物,表示 “令人信服的”; convinced 的主语一般为人,表示“确信的”; 此句主语为 “他说的话”,应用动词-ing 形式作表语。故填 convincing。此处作表语的分词已经形容词化。
5.答案：when
解析：考查定语从句的关系词。句意:春节是家庭成员聚在一起享受家庭生活的时候。设空处无提示词,且前面是名词occasion,由句意可推测设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词occasion,且关系词在从句中作时间状语,所以应用关系副词when。
6.答案：where
解析：考查定语从句的关系词。句意:这位老师正试图创造一种氛围,在这种氛围里学生们能够快乐地学习。设空处无提示词,且前面是名词atmosphere,由句意可推测设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词atmosphere,且关系词在从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词 where。
7.答案：flashing
解析：考查现在分词作定语。句意:手机屏幕上闪烁的图片会伤害人们的眼睛。句中已有谓语动词can damage,设空处应用非谓语动词形式。“on the screen of the mobile phone”作定语修饰空前的名词Pictures; Pictures与flash之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词短语作后置定语。
8.答案：decoration
解析：考查名词。句意:养老院的房间的装饰适合老年人。根据空格前的冠词The和空格后的介词of可知空格处用名词形式。根据系动词is可知设空处为不可数名词,表示“装饰”,故填decoration。
9.答案：frightened
解析：考查形容词。句意：那奇怪的声音使所有的小孩都害怕了。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，应用-ed结尾形容词frightened，作宾补，表示“感到害怕的”。故填frightened。
10.答案：being built
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：现在正在建立的房子是给教师建的。分析句子可知，build作定语修饰houses用非谓语动词，二者之间是被动关系，由now可知，动作在进行，故用现在分词的被动式，故填being built。
思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Tomatina Festival(西红柿节) is a festival that is held in a town named Bunol in Spain, on which people throw tomatoes for fun. (西红柿节是在西班牙一个叫布尼奥尔的小镇举行的节日，人们在这一天投掷西红柿取乐。)”可知，在西红柿节期间，人们投掷西红柿为了取乐。故选C项。
12.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中“This is the most popular story about how the Tomatina Festival started. (这是关于西红柿节如何开始的最流行的故事。)”可知，本段主要讲述了西红柿节的起源。故选D项。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is held on the last Wednesday of August each year. (每年八月的最后一个星期三举行。)”可知，西红柿节在8月举行。故选D项。
14.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The local government has made some rules for the safety of people. One of them is as follows: People have to squash(把……挤软) the tomatoes before throwing in order not to hurt other people. (当地政府为了人们的安全制定了一些规定。其中之一是：为了不伤害到其他人，人们在扔西红柿之前必须把西红柿挤软。)”可知，地方政府制定法规是为了保护人民。故选B项。
2. 七选五
15.答案：GDACF
解析：①根据本段首句"Living in another country will help you learn about the culture of another land.(在另一个国家生活会帮助你了解另外一个地区的文化)"可知，本段是在谈论关于出国的好处，结合空后一句"如今很多公司想要会说第二种语言或者在另一个国家体验过生活或者工作的员工 "可知，G项"出国学习对于职场也是很好的训练"切题，是讲述出国对工作方面的好处。故选G。
②根据空格前面的ask yourself these questions可知，空格处应该和空格后一样是问句，所以D项"我想在国外学习多长时间？"切题。故选D。
③根据下文"Get your passport and visa(签证)early! Before you go, learn as much of the language as you can, and read about the customs(风俗) of your host country....(早早准备好签证！走之前，尽量多学点语言，阅读你要去的东道国的风俗……)"等内容可知，此段讲的是出国前的准备事项，所以A项 "做好准备工作"切题，故选A项。
④根据空格前面的feel a little homesick(感到有点想家)可知C项"你会思念家人和朋友"切题。故选C。
⑤结合空前"保持开放的心态去遇见新的人和新的经历。记住适应有新风俗的新地方需要花费时间。和你的新朋友谈论，写下你的感受"可知，此段谈论如何适应新环境，让自己保持一种开放的状态，这样才会让自己沉淀下来完成学业，否则是不会成功的，所以F项"要一直保持开放的心态，你就会成功的"切题。故选F。
