Unit 3 War and peace Using language—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册课前导学
重点单词
uniform __________________
weapon __________________
stability __________________
celebrity __________________
craft __________________
remarkable __________________
dedication __________________
devotion __________________
friction __________________
disarm __________________
combatant __________________
ammunition __________________
mourn __________________
previously __________________
duration __________________
重点短语
待命 __________________
镇压；记下 __________________
阻止某人做某事 __________________
一连串；一系列 __________________
把……称为…… __________________
在远处 __________________
重难知识点
主谓一致(1)：
主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：意义一致原则；语法一致原则； 就近一致原则
集体名词作主语，如果指整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指具体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的这类名词有 army，audience，class ，club ，committee ，company ，crowd，family ，group ，government，party ，majority ，minority ，organization ，public ，staff，team，military 等。
有些有生命的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。常见的这类名词有 cattle，people，police 等。
The people in the city are very friendly. 这个城市的人都很友好。
无生命的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。常见的这类名词有 baggage，scenery，clothing，furniture，machinery，jewellery等。
Much of her jewellery was missing. 她的许多珠宝丢失了。
由 and 或 both...and 连接的两个名词或代词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式。
Jim and Mary are specialists in cancer research. 吉姆和玛丽是癌症研究专家。
当 and 连接的两个名词在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。这时 and 后的名词前不加冠词。
The writer and poet has been dead for two years. 那位诗人作家已经去世两年了。
“all/most/half/plenty/some/the rest+of+名词 /代词”或“分数百分数 +of+名词/代词”作主语时，若of 后的名词或代词为单数形式，谓语动词就用单数形式；若of 后的名词或代词为复数形式，谓语动词就用复数形式。
All of the students have seen the drama. 所有的学生都看过这部戏剧了。
当all，most，half，plenty，some，the rest，what 等单独作主语时，主谓一致要遵循意义一致原则，即：如果所指为单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式;如果所指为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式。
All was silent. 万籁俱寂。
All were silent. 大家都沉默着。
“a number of+可数名词复数”(许多……)作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of+可数名词复数”(……的数量)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of reasons lead to the climate change. 很多原因导致气候变化。
The number of the students in our class is 30.我们班的学生人数是 30。
“none”作主语时如果指代可数名词，谓语动词既可用单数形式也可用复数形式；如果指代不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。
None of the trains is/are going to London. 这些列车都不去伦敦。
表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时,通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
Twenty years is a long time in one's life. 20年在人的一生中是一段很长的时间。
以 -s 结尾的书刊名、组织名、国家名以及以 -ics 结尾的学科名等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
The United Nations is a world organization. 联合国是一个世界性组织。
以-s 结尾的群岛、瀑布、山脉等作主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。
The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most famous waterfall in the world.
尼亚加拉大瀑布也许是世界上最著名的瀑布。
单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式要根据句意确定。常见的这类词有 sheep，deer，fish，crossroads，means，series，species，works(工厂)等。
This deer looks very cute. 这只鹿看起来很可爱。
“the+形容词/分词”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式；表示某个人或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The rich are not always happy. 富人并不总是幸福的。
The unknown is often what scares people the most. 未知的事物常常最让人害怕。
四、基础自测
Far from moving back,he threw all his time and energy his work.
Shops are being forced to put their prices in order to attract customers.
The injured in the accident (be) all taken to the nearby hospital.
You show promise as a musician but your lack of practice is keeping you .
The goal of the experiment was (familiarize) the people with the new laws.
I felt angry with her greatly,but her smile (arm) me.
The fight generally comes to a quick conclusion when one of the (combat) gives in.
Being back with their family should provide emotional (stable) for the children.
The population of China (be) larger than that of any other country in the world.
Mr Smith,as well as his children, (have) arrived by now.
五、拓展练习
语法填空
Dragon Head-raising Day is celebrated on the second day of the second Chinese lunar month ①________(show) respect for the dragon and pray for good weather for farming and big harvest, ②________ is considered as the start of spring and farming. Dragon Head-raising Day has relation with spring and farming. After the cold winter, spring comes and animals are ③________ (wake) , but because of the winter, the weather is dry and farming lacks water. To this climate phenomenon, there is a folk saying that ④________ will rain when the dragon raise its head.
On that day, there ⑤________(be) lots of conventional celebration activities. First, in the early morning, every family would light a lantern and go to a river or a well to fetch water and back home, then light ⑥________(candle) , burn incense (香) sticks and offer a sacrifice. Second, people would go to a temple ⑦________ honour of the dragon. Third, it is to have a haircut, which ⑧________ (view) as a sign of good luck. A saying tells that having a haircut on this day, you would be energetic in the whole year. ⑨________ (final) , there is a thing about eating: eating long and thin noodles ⑩__________(call) Longxumian (Dragon Beard Noodles) which has a symbolic meaning-a long life expectancy.
阅读理解
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multi-generational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
"We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house," says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: "We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law."
And what does Nick think "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it Yes, I think I would."
It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multi-generational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multi-generational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multi-generational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married.
1.Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol
A.Nick. B. Rita. C.Kathryn. D. The daughters.
2.What is Nick's attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in-law
A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D.Unwilling.
3.What is the author's about statement multi-generational family based on
A.Family traditions. B. Financial reports.
C.Published statistics. D. Public opinions.
4.What is the text mainly about
A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations.
C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK.
答案以及解析
一、
n.制服
n.武器，兵器
n.稳固，稳定
n.名人；明星
n.技能
adj.引人注目的
n.奉献，投入
n.钟爱；奉献
n. 冲突，摩擦
v. 解除武装
n. 战斗人员
n. 弹药
v. 悼念；哀悼
adv. 以前，先前
n. 持续时间
二、
on standby
put down
stop sb. from doing sth.
a sequence of...
refer to... as...
in the distance
四、
into
down
were
back
to familiarize
disarmed
combatants
stability
is
has
五、
语法填空
答案：to show；which；awake；it；are；candles；in；is viewed；Finally；called
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意:龙抬头节在中国农历二月的第二天庆祝,以表示对龙的尊敬祈求农业好天气和大丰收,被认为是春天和农业的开始。分析句子可知,本空要用动词不定式 to show 作目的状语。故填 to show。
②考查定语从句。句意:龙抬头节在中国农历二月的第二天庆祝,以表示对龙的尊敬,祈求农业好天气和大丰收,被认为是春天和农业的开始。分析句子可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的 Dragon Head-raising Day,指物,在从句中作主语,用关系代词which,故填 which。③考查形容词。句意:寒冷的冬天过后,春天来了,动物们醒了,但因为冬天,天气是干燥的,农业缺水。根据本空前的系动词 are可知,此处应该填形容词,构成系表结构,动词wake 表“醒来”,其同根形容词是 awake“醒着的”。故填 awake。
④考查代词。句意:对于这种气候现象,又一个民间谚语说龙抬起头就会下雨。根据句意此处用it指代天气。故填it。
⑤考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在那一天,有很多传统的庆祝活动。There be句型中的谓语动词单复数一般采用“就近原则”,与后面的名词保持人称和数的一致,后面的中心词是 activities,所以要填复数形式,描述一般事实用一般现在时,故填 are。
⑥考查名词单复数。句意:首先,在清晨,每个家庭都会点燃灯笼,去河边或井里取水回家,然后点燃蜡烛,烧香,献祭。candle是可数名词,根据句意,句中指很多蜡烛,应用复数形式。故填 candles。
⑦考查介词和固定短语。句意:第二,人们会去寺庙来纪念龙。In honour of是常见的介词短语,意为“向.……..表示敬意”。故填 in。
⑧考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:第三,要理发,这被视为好运的标志。根据本空前的is to have 可知,此处要用一般现在时;关系代词 which 引导定语从句,指代主句中“have haircut”这种行为,视为单数,与从句谓语动词 view是被动关系,此处要用被动语态来表示“剃头被认为是好运的一个标志”,故填 is viewed。
⑨考查副词。句意:最后,关于吃有一种说法:吃又长又细的叫做龙须面的面条,这种面条有一个象征意义--长寿。本空要用副词 Finally,修饰整个句子作状语,意为“最后”,另外,句首单词首字母大写。故填Finally。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意:最后,关于吃有一种说法:吃又长又细的叫做龙须面的面条这种面条有一个象征意义--长寿。分析句子可知,call作定语修饰名词 noodles,是非谓语动词,与逻辑主语noodles构成被动关系,所以要用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
阅读理解
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor”可知,Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知,Rita在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选B。
2.答案：A
解析：观点态度题。根据第五段“And what does Nick think ‘From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it Yes, I think I would’.”可知,Nick对和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选A。
3.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.”以及第七段中的“It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.”可知,作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C。
4.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其根据第一段“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation, more families are choosing to live together.”可知,由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用,而老年人又面临着孤独的风险,越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要讲的是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势。故选D。Unit 3 War and peace Understanding Ideas—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册课前导学
重点单词
landing __________________
coastline __________________
outstanding __________________
condemn __________________
memorial __________________
liberate __________________
barely __________________
recall __________________
amongst __________________
drown __________________
violence __________________
supreme __________________
violent __________________
objective __________________
horror __________________
重点短语
beyond one’s imagination __________________
play a major role in... __________________
a total of... __________________
nothing less than... __________________
ring in one’s ears __________________
重难知识点
Code-named “Operation Overlord”, it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.
本句中的两个语法现象：过去分词短语 code-named “Operation Overlord”作状语和独立主格结构 the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation作状语的用法。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语需与主句主语保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式需另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为“独立主格结构”。
By mid-morning, hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach.
系动词是将主语与表语连接起来，以重新定义或描述主语。
1）常见的连接动词是be。
2）表像系动词用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
3）感官系动词主要有look, feel, smell, sound, taste, 这五个系动词分别对应着人的五种感官，所以称之为感官系动词。
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。
4）持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 这些系动词后面接形容词时表示的含义都是“保持”，比如：keep silent“保持沉默”，remain做系动词时指的是某人或某事物仍保持某种状态，意为“仍然”。
stay在做实义动词时表示的含义是“待在..地方”，比如stay at home“待在家里”。但是stay calm,stay still这些怎么翻译呢？这个时候你会发现stay后面接的都是形容词，所以翻译为“保持冷静”和“保持静止”。
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
The situation remains tense. 局势依旧很紧张。
5）变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。
变化系动词顾名思义就是这一组单词都强调“变得...”这层意思。
He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
6）终止系动词
这组系动词表示主语已终止动作，强调事情的结果，主要有prove, trun out.
The news proves false. 这则消息被证实是假的。
The weather turns out to be fine. 结果证明天气是晴朗的。
四、基础自测
1．Tianwen 1’s successful ________ (land) on the surface of Mars received wide acclaims.
2．Kids shouldn’t have access to ________ (violence) films because they might imitate the things they see.
3．In an attempt to save the child from ________ (drown), the woman with compassion nearly lost her own life.
4．Dave pulled a back muscle and could ________ (bare) kick the ball.
5．Before ________ (liberate) there were few doctors and little medicine in the countryside.
6．The town raised a ________ (memory) statue to those killed in the war.
7．The artisan spent a long time learning new craft, which ________ (weary) him.
8．They ________ (condemn) to a life of hardship in the past.
9. The ________ (海岸线) is being washed away by tides year by year.
10. Yuan Longping, an ________ (杰出的) and committed scientist, passed away in 2021, making the whole country bathed in sorrow.
五、拓展练习
完形填空
The day I became black is stamped on my memory forever. The winds of 1 swept through my family when I turned 13, and I was sent to school in Jacksonville. The change was 2 , for I was no longer the Zora of the little town of Eatonville. Instead, I found myself 3 into a little black girl. My 4 identity has become 5 not just in the mirror, but in my heart.
Someone near me is constantly and 6 reminding me that my grandparents were slaves (奴隶). But such reminders have not made me 7 , for the chains of slavery were firmly rooted in the past. The Civil War was the 8 point. The post-war era was a period of readiness, and the generations before me had been 9 to take up the baton (接力棒) of progress. Like a runner at the starting line, I am now off to a flying start too, and cannot afford to 10 or stop. Slavery is the price we have paid for civilization, and the 11 was not ours to make.
There are moments, however, when I forget the color of my 12 . At times, I find myself 13 the innocent self of my childhood, a carefree resident of Eatonville. I am able to eat with white folks in public and engage in 14 conversation about anything we have in common. They, of course, would sit calmly, 15 me with interest.
1.A.sharing B.participation C.change D.recognition
2.A.convincing B.upsetting C.ongoing D.stimulating
3.A.forced B.trained C.fashioned D.transformed
4.A.cultural B.racial C.hidden D.mistaken
5.A.meaningless B.crucial C.apparent D.harmless
6.A.disrespectfully B.disagreeably C.curiously D.hesitatingly
7.A.achieve progress B.lose heart
C.catch attention D.shoulder responsibility
8.A.turning B.meeting C.talking D.freezing
9.A.promised B.tricked C.motivated D.complained
10.A.ring back B.show off C.set off D.look back
11.A.choice B.determination C.excuse D.suggestion
12.A.world B.hair C.school D.skin
13.A.putting up with B.making up for C.taking pity on D.jumping back to
14.A.necessary B.similar C.pleasant D.awkward
15.A.thinking over B.listening to C.writing to D.watching over
七选五
An immigrant is a person who has come to live permanently in a country that is not their own. More than 145 million immigrants live outside their native countries.
① _________ Some people move because of war, political or economic problems, or natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods. Some immigrants move to be with family members, to marry, or to find better living conditions.
Where are immigrants moving from ② _________ One of the largest immigration flows is from Latin America and Asia to the United States. Another immigrant flow is from Eastern Europe, the former Soviet republics and North Africa to west Europe. ③ _________ In countries such as Saudi Arabia, 90% of the total population is now foreign born.
When immigrants arrive in a new country, they often live in urban neighborhoods. As a result of immigration, many city neighborhoods change. ④ _________ For example, the historic Esquilino neighborhood in Rome is now the home of a large number of Chinese immigrants. There are also many new immigrants from Albanian, Moldova, Bulgaria, and Ukraine. In some schools in Athens, 50% of the children are foreign born. ⑤ _________ In Los Angeles, 37% of the population is foreign born, and children in the public schools speak 82 different languages. In New York, 40% of the population is foreign, and children speak 140 different languages in the schools.
A. And what countries are they moving to
B. Immigrants move to other countries for different reasons.
C. Immigrants have contributed to British culture in many ways.
D. Immigrants open new stores, restaurants, and other businesses.
E. Many immigrants also move from Africa and Asia to the Middle East.
F. Moreover, Los Angeles has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants.
G. Los Angeles and New York are two cities in the US with very large immigrant populations.
答案以及解析
一、
n. 登陆
n.海岸线
adj.杰出的，优秀的
v.迫使处于不幸的境地；谴责
adj.纪念的，追悼的
v.解放
adv.勉强才能
n.回想，回忆起
prep.在......当中
v.淹死
n.暴力
adj.最高的
adj.狂暴的
n.目标，目的
n.惊恐
二、
超出某人的想象
发挥重要作用
总数
近乎，简直是
在某人的耳边回响
四、
landing
violent
drowning
barely
liberation
memorial
wearied
were condemned
coastline
outstanding
五、
完形填空
1.答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我13岁的时候，改变之风席卷了我的家庭，我被送到杰克逊维尔的学校。A. sharing共享；B. participation参与；C. change改变；D. recognition认可。根据下文“The change was ______, for I was no longer the Zora of the little town of Eatonville.”可知，作者的生活发生了改变，由此可知，改变之风席卷了作者的家庭。故选C。
2.答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种变化令人心烦意乱，因为我不再是伊顿维尔小镇上的佐拉了。A. convincing令人信服的；B. upsetting令人心烦的；C. ongoing持续的；D. stimulating刺激的。根据下文“At times, I find myself _____ the innocent self of my childhood, a carefree resident of Eatonville.”可知，作者之前在伊顿维尔小镇上的生活是无忧无虑的，由此可知，这种变化令人心烦意乱。故选B。
3.答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我发现自己变成了一个黑人小女孩。A. forced强迫；B. trained训练；C. fashioned塑造；D. transformed转变。根据下文“Someone near me is constantly and _____reminding me that my grandparents were slaves (奴隶).”可知，作者的黑人身份被区分出来，受到区别对待，由此可知，因为新的环境，作者从原先的自己被改变成一个受到歧视的黑人小女孩。故选D。
4.答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的种族身份不仅在镜子里显现出来，而且在我的心里显现出来。A. cultural文化的；B. racial种族的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. mistaken错误的。根据上文“The day I became black is stamped on my memory forever.”可推知，之前作者是和大家平等相处，此时是作为黑人被区别对待，由此可知，此处指作者作为黑人的种族身份。故选B。
5.答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的种族身份不仅在镜子里显现出来，而且在我的心里显现出来。A. meaningless无意义的；B. crucial关键的；C. apparent显而易见的；D. harmless无害的。根据上文“Instead, I found myself _____into a little black girl.”可知，作者成了黑人小女孩，由此可知，她的身份显现出来。故选C。
6.答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我身边的人总是无礼地提醒我，我的祖父母是奴隶。A. disrespectfully无礼地；B. disagreeably不愉快地；C. curiously好奇地；D. hesitatingly犹豫地。根据下文“reminding me that my grandparents were slaves (奴隶)”可推知，提醒他人的祖父母是奴隶的行为是无礼的。故选A。
7.答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：但这样的提醒并没有使我灰心，因为奴隶制的枷锁已深深扎根于过去。A. achieve progress取得进步；B. lose heart灰心；C. catch attention引起注意；D. shoulder responsibility承担责任。根据上文“Someone near me is constantly and ______ reminding me that my grandparents were slaves (奴隶).”和表示转折的“But”可推知，虽然作者被身边的人提醒自己的祖父母是奴隶，但这样的话并被没有让她灰心。故选B。
8.答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：南北战争是转折点。A. turning转折；B. meeting会面；C. talking谈话；D. freezing冰冻。根据上文“The Civil War”和历史知识可知，在美国历史上南北战争是一个转折点，固定短语turning point意为“转折点”。故选A。
9.答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：战后时期是一个准备就绪的时期，我的前几代人被激励着接过进步的接力棒。A. promised承诺；B. tricked欺骗；C. motivated激励；D. complained抱怨。根据上文“The post-war era was a period of readiness”可知，南北战争过后，对黑人而言，社会发生了积极的转变，由此可知，作者的前几代人被激励着接过进步的接力棒。故选C。
10.答案：D
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：就像一个跑在起跑线上的运动员，我现在也要起跑了，不能回头看，也不能停下来。A. ring back回电话；B. show off炫耀；C. set off出发；D. look back回头看。根据上文“Like a runner at the starting line, I am now off to a flying start too”可知，此处用跑步这一活动来形容黑人的奋斗，再结合下文“or stop”可推知，look back“回头看”符合语境，和stop“停下来”呼应，指不能回头看，也不能停下来。故选D。
11.答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：奴隶制是我们为文明付出的代价，这不是我们可以选择的。A. choice选择；B. determination决心；C. excuse借口；D. suggestion建议。根据上文“Slavery is the price we have paid for civilization”可知，奴隶制是为文明付出的代价，由此可知，对此“我们”无法进行选择。故选A。
12.答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有时我也会忘记自己的肤色。A. world世界；B. hair头发；C. school学校；D. skin皮肤。根据上文“The day I became black is stamped on my memory forever.”可知，作者是黑人，由此可知，有时作者也会忘记自己的肤色。故选D。
13.答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时，我发现自己又回到了童年时天真的自己，一个无忧无虑的伊顿维尔居民。A. putting up with忍受；B. making up for弥补；C. taking pity on怜悯；D. jumping back to回到。根据上文“There are moments, however, when I forget the color of my _____.”可知，作者有时会忘记自己是个黑人，由此可知，她会回忆过去，回到童年时天真的自己。故选D。
14.答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可以在公共场合与白人一起吃饭，并就我们的共同点进行愉快的交谈。A. necessary必要的；B. similar相似的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文“the innocent self of my childhood, a carefree resident of Eatonville”可知，过去作者是天真的，是无忧无虑的伊顿维尔居民，由此可知，她可以和白人进行愉快的交谈。故选C。
15.答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，他们会安静地坐着，饶有兴趣地听我说话。A. thinking over仔细考虑；B. listening to听；C. writing to写信给；D. watching over照看。根据这是在和白人一起用餐、谈话的情境，以及上文“They, of course, would sit calmly”可推知，这些白人会安静地坐着，饶有兴趣地听作者说话。故选B。
七选五
答案：①-⑤BAEDG
解析：①下文“Some people move because of war, political or economic problems, or natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods.”（有些人因为战争、政治或经济问题，或地震和洪水等自然灾害移民。）说明移民的不同原因，B项中for different reasons是关键词，B项“因为不同的原因移民们移居到其他国家。”符合题意。故选B。
②下文“One of the largest immigration flows is from Latin America and Asia to the United States.”（最大的移民流之一是从拉丁美洲和亚洲流向美国。）说明移民们的移居方向，A项“他们要移居到哪些国家？”提问移民的移居方向，符合题意。故选A。
③下文“In countries such as Saudi Arabia, 90% of the total population is now foreign born.”（在沙特阿拉伯等国家，90%的总人口是在外国出生的。）说明，亚洲国家沙特阿拉伯有许多人移居国外，E项“许多移民也从非洲和亚洲移民到中东。”说明移民从非洲和亚洲迁出，移居到中东，符合题意。故选E。
④上文“As a result of immigration, many city neighborhoods change.”（由于移民，许多城市社区发生了变化。）说明移民给城市带来了变化，D项“移民开新店、餐馆和其他生意。”说明了移民为城市带来不同方面的变化，符合题意。故选D。
⑤下文“In Los Angeles, 37% of the population is foreign born, and children in the public schools speak 82 different languages. In New York, 40% of the population is foreign, and children speak 140 different languages in the schools.”（在洛杉矶，37%的人口是在外国出生的，公立学校的孩子说82种不同的语言。在纽约，40%的人口是外国人，孩子们在学校里说140种不同的语言。）说明移民为洛杉矶和纽约带来的变化，G项“洛杉矶和纽约是美国两个移民人口非常多的城市。”总述洛杉矶和纽约的移民人口非常多，符合题意。故选G。
