Unit 5 The value of money Reading and Thinking 课件（共28张）人教版（2019）必修第三册

(共28张PPT)
Listening and Speaking — Reading and Thinking
Language points
Unit 5 The value of money
The Unit 5 The value of moneyvalue of money
basis n.
[sing.]原因；缘由 the reason why people take a particular action:
She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications.
她因资历适合而获选担任这项工作。
[sing.]基准；准则；方式 the way things are organized or arranged: on a regular/permanent/part-time/temporary basis
定期/永久/兼职/临时性地
on a daily/day-to-day/weekly basis 按每天/每日/每周一次的标准
bas- (low 低的) + -is → 低处 → 基础，同根词：base, basic
[C, usually sing. ] (pl. bases) [U]基础；要素；基点 the important facts, ideas or events that support sth. and that it can develop from
on the basis of... 根据……；在……的基础上
On the basis of those facts, we can reach the following conclusion.
base
v. 以…为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在 to use a particular city, town, etc. as the main place for a business, holiday/vacation, etc.
base sb/sth/yourself in... 把……安置在……
They decided to base the new company in York.
他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克郡。
base...on/upon... 把……建立在……，以……为根据
be based on/upon 以……为根据 (基础)
I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.
我把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上.
This novel is based on historical facts.
这部小说是以历史事实为根据的.
base n.
根基；基底；底座 [C, usually sing.] the lowest part of sth, especially the part or surface on which it rests or stands：
the base of a column/glass 柱基；玻璃杯底座
base n.
[C]根据；出发点 (SYN: basis) an idea, a fact, a situation, etc. from which sth. is developed
His arguments have a sound economic base.
他的论点有充分的经济上的根据。
[C, usually sing.] (支持、收入、力量等的) 来源，源泉，基础
the people, activity, etc. from which sb/sth gets most of their support, income, power, etc.
These policies have a broad base of support. 这些政策受到广泛支持。
[C, usually sing.]混合物的首要（或主要）成分 the first or main part of a substance to which other things are added:
Put some moisturizer on as a base before applying your make-up.
化妆前先搽些润肤霜打底。
[C]据点；总部；大本营 the main place where you live or stay or where a business operates from:
The company has its base in New York, and branch offices all over the world. 公司总部设在纽约，分支遍及全世界。
⑥ [C,U]基地 a place where an army, a navy, etc. operates from:
a military/naval base 军事/海军基地
【派生词】 baseless 无根据的；无基础的
basic adj. 基本的；基础的 forming the part of sth that is most necessary and from which other things develop:
basic information/facts/ideas 基本信息/事实/思想
the basic principles of law 法律的基本原则
be basic to… ……的重要依据，基础
These facts are basic to an understanding of the case.
这些事实是了解这一案件的重要依据.
basically adv. 大体上；基本上 in the most important ways, without considering things that are less important:
Yes, that’s basically correct. 对，基本正确。
The two approaches are basically very similar. 两种方法其实差不多。
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Honesty is the basis of friendship. __________
2. We’re going to be meeting there on a regular basis.
__________
3. She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications（资历）and ideas. __________
4. On the basis of evidence we deduced（推断）that he was guilty. __________
5. This article will form the basis for our discussion. __________
basis
友谊的基础
定期地 / 经常地
由于 / 因为
根据
作为……的基础
1. ___________(base) on his experiences, his novel was quite popular.
2. ___________(base) his novel on his experiences, he enjoyed a good reputation.
3. The government set up the company_______ (base) on a brilliant blueprint.
4. ___________(base), his questions were really___________(base).
5. The decision was made _______ the basis of the information we had.
6. While my deskmate claims that she can predict the content of next test, there is no scientific 　　　　 (base) behind it.
7. When you select a major, it is 　　　 (base) to select the one you like.
Based
Basing
based
Basically
basic
on
basis
basic
apologise
apology词源故事
公元前399年，古希腊哲学家苏格拉底被雅典政府以“亵渎神灵、败坏青年”的罪名起诉。苏格拉底在由500人组成的陪审团面前做了著名的申辩，但申辩并没能挽救他自己。苏格拉底最终被判处死刑，饮毒而亡。他的学生柏拉图将他这篇申辩词记录下来，流传后世。“申辩”一词在希腊语中写作 apologia，意思是“自我辩护的演讲”。这就是英语单词 apology 的来源。由于自我辩护时需要先表达歉意，“道歉”和“辩解”总是联系在一起，所以 apology 衍生出“道歉”之意。
构词：apology (道歉) + -ise (使……)
n [C] & [U] 道歉；歉意：
accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉
I would appreciate it if you could accept my apology and forgive me.
I demand an immediate apology from you. 要求道歉
owe sb. an apology for sth. 因某事而应向某人道歉
You owe him an apology for what you said.
make/express/convey an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
I must make an apology to him for not going to his party.
apology
vi 道歉；表示歉意：
Try to forgive someone when they apologise. It’s not easy for anyone to say sorry.
apologise (to sb.) for (doing) sth.: 因(做)某事向某人道歉
You should apologise to her for blaming her wrongly.
是你错怪了她，你该给她道歉。
apologise to sb. that... 向某人道歉……
apologise
(apology + -ise)
“Sorry,” she said, with an apologetic smile.
“对不起。”她说，歉然一笑。
apologetically adv. 道歉地，认错地；辩解地
“I’m sorry I’m late,” he murmured apologetically.
“对不起，我迟到了。”他小声道歉说。
apologetic adj. 道歉的；谢罪的；愧疚的 feeling or showing that you are sorry for doing sth wrong or for causing a problem:
一、根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Please ___________________ （接受我的道歉）for having to cancel our meeting.
2. I hope you are going to _________________（道歉）. (apology)
3. I think you should ______________________（向你弟弟道歉）. (apologise)
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 你应该为你所说的话向他道歉。(owe sb an apology)
_________________________________________________________
2. 我再次为我的错误向您致以诚挚的歉意。 (apologise to sb for doing sth)
_________________________________________________________
apologise
accept my apology
make an apology
apologise to your brother
You owe him an apology for what you said.
I sincerely apologise again to you for my mistake.
in return 作为回报；作为回应 (后不加宾语)
in return for...　作为……的交换；作为……的报答（后必须加宾语）
in turn 依次；反过来
by turns 轮流；时而……时而……
on/upon one's return 某人一回来
return to 回到
[练透]——对比填空(in return, in return for, in turn，by turns)
____________ your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.
We offer an excellent education to our students. ________，we expect them to work hard.
As we all know，all theories come from practice and ________ serve practice.
People stand in line waiting to take nucleic acid tests .
In return for
In return
in turn
by turns
【名师点津】常见“in+n. ”短语
①in case 以防万一
②in advance 事先; 提前
③in danger 处于危险中
④in order 井井有条
⑤in place 在正确位置
⑥in reality/fact 事实上
judge
“不要以貌取人”这句话还有很多说法。其中一个著名的版本出自《圣经 约翰福音》第7章。原文是“Never judge from appearances, but judge with right judgment.”“不可按外貌定是非，总要按公平断定是非”。即不可以貌取人，判断事物不应受表面现象蒙蔽。
Don’t judge a book by its cover.
judge v
vi & vt 判断 to form an opinion about sb/sth：
judge...from/by... 从……判断……
The performance was good, when judged by their usual standards. 按他们平时的水平衡量, 这次演出不错.
judging by/from... 从……判断
Judging from / by her accent, she must be from Sichuan.
as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为
As far as I can judge, all of them are to blame. 依我看, 他们都应承担责任。
vt 估计 to guess the size, amount, etc. of sth：
It’s difficult to judge how long the journey will take.
vt & vi 评价 to be critical about sb, to decide whether sb is good or bad:
I’ve learnt a good lesson: not to judge people.
It is unfair to judge a person based on his appearance.
vt & vi 裁判；评判：
She was asked to judge the English speech competition.
vt 审判；判决：
judge a case / judge sb guilty 审理案件/判某人有罪
n [C] 法官；裁判员；鉴定人：
She is a very good judge of character.
judge 语义网络图
v
n
判断
judge
（基本义）
根据所见、所闻、所学“判断”某事物
“判断”大小、数量等
不公正或批评地对某人作出“判断”
“判断”比赛结果
“判断”案件
审判；判决
判断
估计
评价
裁判；评判
裁判员
鉴定人
法官
judgement
[U] 判断力；辨别力 the ability to form opinions or to make sensible decisions：
He showed excellent judgement in choosing a friend.
[C] & [U] 意见；看法；评价 an opinion that you form after thinking carefully：
make a judgement on / about 对…做个判断
He refused to make a judgement about the situation.他拒绝对形势作出评价。
In one’s judgement 在某人看来
In her judgment, it was a wrong thing to give children so much pocket money.
[C] & [U]审判；判决 the decision of a court or a judge：
The judgment will be given tomorrow. 此案将于明日宣判。
judge
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Judging from the writing style of the passage, it is a piece of advertisement. _____________
2. I judged him to be about 50. _____________
3. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.
_____________
4. I’ve been asked to judge the essay competition. _____________
5. She is a famous judge in court. _____________
判断
估计
评价
担任裁判
法官
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The crowd around me were obviously enjoying their day out at the races, __________ (judge) by their happy faces.
2. I respect his _____________ (judge) and I’ll follow any advice he gives me.
3. He refused to make a judgement __________ the situation.
judgement
judging
about / on
Well，I think that Chen Liyan was correct in returning the money，but she should have accepted the money Wang offered. 哦，我认为陈丽燕归还钱是对的，但是她本该接受王提供的钱。
[句式分析]本句中should have done属于“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”结构。should have done在语义上相当于ought to have done，表示“过去本来应该做某事而实际上却没有做”；shouldn't have done表示“过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了”。这一用法往往含有责备的意味。
He shouldn't have said that to his brother.
他不该对他弟弟说那些话。
“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的其他形式：
(1)must have done 表示对过去行为的推测，意为“一定；想
必”，语气十分肯定。
(2)may/might have done表示对过去行为的推测，意为“可能做
过”。might所表示的可能性比较弱，语气较委婉。
(3)can/could have done表示“本来可以做而实际上未做”或者“过去可能”，疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中can't have done多用于语气强烈的否定，意为“不可能做过”。
(4)needn't have done表示“本来不必做某事而实际上却做了”。
He may/might have gone to the library. 他或许已经去图书馆了。
They can't have left；it was raining so heavily then.
当时雨很大，他们不可能离开。
You needn't have come. I have finished the work.
你本不必来的，我已经完成了这项工作。
A: Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
汤姆很小的时候就从大学毕业了。
B: Oh, he must have been a very smart boy then.
噢，那他一定是个非常聪明的孩子。
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.
本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。
①他肯定是受到了惩罚，因为他的博客很多天没有更新了。
He ，for his blog has not been updated for many days.
②你本不应该拿走我的字典，因为我要用它。
You my dictionary for I wanted to use it.
③他本来能够成功，但是运气太差。
He but he had bad luck.
must have been punished
shouldn't have taken away
could have succeeded
You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.
您什么时候想来就什么时候来，想吃什么就吃什么。
[句式分析]本句中whenever引导让步状语从句，意为“不管何时；无论什么时候”，相当于no matter when。
(1)wherever, however, whatever, whichever, whoever等也可引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter ＋ where/how/what/which/who等。
(2)whichever, whoever, whatever等也可引导名词性从句。
I'll give the ticket to whoever wants it.
谁想要这票，我就把它给谁。
However/No matter how cold it is，he always goes swimming.无论天气多冷，他总是去游泳。
①不管谁来都会受到欢迎。
will be welcome.
②无论从哪一方面看，这个局面都很尴尬。
The situation is an awkward one， you look at it.
Whoever comes
whichever way