2025届高考英语复习---阅读理解之中心大意题 （共28张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2025届高考英语复习---阅读理解之中心大意题 （共28张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 613.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-03-23 20:43:19 | ||
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(共28张PPT)
高考复习
阅读理解之中心大意题
一、主旨大意题的命题形式
考查考生的归纳概括能力。这类试题包括要求考生选出短文的标题(title)、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea)等。
设问方式有：
1)What is the main idea of the passage/text
2)The text/passage is mainly about __________.
3) What’s the main point in second paragraph
4) The last paragraph is mainly about _______.
5) What is the best title of this passage/text
6) Which of the following would be the best title for
the passage
高考复习
解题技巧:
中心思想的选项设置
范围过大
范围过小
胡说八道
正确答案
标题：
逆向思维：是否依据标题快速预测文章的主要内容。要短小精悍，醒目精确，对读者有吸引力。
高考复习
解题技巧: 主题句定位法
*通过分析篇章结构，找出每小段的主题句，通过主题句找出文章的主题。
*由于文章的不同，表现的手法也各有不同，主题句出现的位置也不是一成不变的。
*主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、 中间、结尾。因此，仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
*做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法(skimming)，浏览时，一般不需逐句细读，只选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
高考复习
(1)
The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California is one of the world’s most beautiful bridges. It is also one of the most visited places in the world. Vehicles cross the bridge an average of 41 million times each year. More than 1800 hundred million vehicles have used the bridge since it opened more than 70 years ago.
The bridge was painted “International Orange” because that color went well with the natural surroundings. The color also is easier to see in the heavy fog that often covers the area. But the Golden Gate Bridge was not named for its orange color. It was named for the body of water that it crosses, the Golden Gate Strait.
高考复习
(1)
The Golden Gate Strait is the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco with Marin County, California.
Planning for the bridge began in the 1920s when the area around San Francisco was growing. People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries.
Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer for the project. Work began in 1934. Mr. Strauss demanded the strongest safety protections in the history of bridge building. These included the first use of “hard hats” to protect the workers' heads and special glasses to protect their eyes.
高考复习
A special safety net was suspended under the bridge. This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction. However, 11 other workers were killed when they fell from the bridge through the net. Still, this was a new safety record for the time.
The Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937. It extends 1280 meters across the water. The total length is 2737 meters. It was the largest suspension bridge in the world until 1964. That is when the Verrazano Narrows Bridge opened in New York City. Today, the Golden Gate Bridge is the ninth longest suspension bridge in the world.
高考复习
1. The passage is written to ________．
A．invite readers to San Francisco
B．introduce the Golden Gate Bridge
C．describe how the Golden Gate Bridge was built
D．tell the story of an engineer called Joseph
Strauss
高考复习
(2)
When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority. This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.
Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings that create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into
高考复习
their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.
Music provides a kind of perception that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore emotive meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all.
高考复习
The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings “talk” to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.
高考复习
Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love.
So music education is far more necessary than people to realize.
1. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Music education deserves more attention.
B. Music should be of top education priority.
C. Music is an effective communication tool.
D. Music education makes students more imaginative.
高考复习
(3)
Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin (1809-1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.
The islands are certainly a paradise for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago, each day is as impressive as it could be.
高考复习
(3)
The most well-known animals of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise, which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago （群岛）. Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.
Despite strict control over activities and timing, your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures; diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim; and most magically, seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air.
高考复习
Travelling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world. At night you will sleep on board the ship, leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.
1. Which of the following would be the best title for
the passage
A. Galapagos as a Paradise for Adventures
B. Unique Attraction for wildlife Lovers
C. Charles Darwin as a symbol of Galapagos
D. A successful Example of wildlife protection
高考复习
(4)The Best of Friends
The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly held image of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just how positive today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one member of the research team.” They’re expected to
高考复习
be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds; they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s more negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.”
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-years-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. As long as they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now
高考复习
21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I’d done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenagers rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments,” Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only
高考复习
happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over.”
71. What is the passage mainly about
A. Negotiation in family
B. Education in family
C. Harmony in family
D. Teenage trouble in family
高考复习
(5)
The Hunan Satellite TV (HNTV) show “Where are we going, Dad ” is a big hit. Many famous stars brought their children to a strange village alone, and they had to spend 72 hours with their children there. The program fully showed us a modern version of the “how to be a good father”. As the young parents today are too busy to take care of their children, this new form of “Lost on the way” played by nanny Daddy and cute kids triggered a lot of people’s emotional resonance（共鸣）. Both the kids and their parents will find that their hearts are being drawn closer. But this kind of feeling has just proved that there is a big spiritual barrier between the modern parents and children.
高考复习
The TV shows like “Children are hard to support!”, “Where are we going, Dad ”, “hot mom” and “cute kids” are becoming more and more popular. All of these show the new parents’ confusion in children’s education and the appeal for the balance between career and family.
In real life, on the one hand the young parents feel helpless because they are too busy to accompany their children under the pressures of work and life; on the other hand they continue to do so. The data collected by HNTV shows that nearly two-thirds of their audience are female, among whom 36% are aged from 25 to 34. We can imagine such a scene that one evening a young mother is watching the show
高考复习
with her young children, while her husband is still at work or trapped in socializing, or maybe is just playing computer games in the bedroom. The story of a child without the company of father is still going on. In fact, it is sometimes the same to mothers. In a modern family, it is often the old who take the responsibility of raising a child. The participation of mother in the children’s education is also very low.
It is just this kind of confusion where the parents have gone in the modern family education, and where the parents will guide their children to go that “Where are we going, Dad ” shows us. If a child wants to grow up healthily and safely into a modern citizen with independent personality and free spirit, it
高考复习
is very important for him or her to follow the parents who serve as their first teacher. Maybe this is the real reason why such kind of TV programs could get hot. The truth is that children will go where their parents go; and society will go where the children go.
1. Which one is the best title of the passage
A. Modern Education is Important
B. Nanny Daddy and Cute Kids
C. New problems in Modern Children’s Education
D. Confusion Behind “Where are we going, dad ”
高考复习
(6)
The Doll and the White Rose
I was walking around in a mall, when I saw a cashier hand this little boy some money back. The cashier said, “I’m sorry, but you don’t have enough money to buy this doll.” The little boy seemed very disappointed.
I walked toward him and asked him who he wished to give this doll to. “It’s the doll that my sister wanted so much for Christmas. She was sure that Santa Claus would bring it to her. But Santa Claus can’t bring it to her where she is now. I have to give the doll to my mommy so that she can give it to my sister when she goes there.” His eyes were so sad. “My sister has gone to be with God. Daddy says that Mommy is going to
高考复习
see God very soon too, so I thought that she could take the doll with her to give it to my sister.”
My heart nearly stopped. The little boy looked up at me and continued, “I told Daddy to tell Mommy not to go yet. I need her to wait until I come back from the mall.”
I quickly reached for my wallet and said, “Suppose we check again, just in case you do have enough money for the doll.”
“OK, I hope I do have enough,” he said. I put some of my money with his without him seeing and we started to count it. There was enough for the doll and even some spare money.
高考复习
Surprisingly, the little boy cried, “Thank you God for giving me enough money!” Then he looked at me and added, “I asked last night before I went to sleep for God to make sure I had enough money to buy this doll, so that Mommy could give it to my sister. He heard me! I also wanted to have enough money to buy a white rose for my mommy, but I didn’t dare to ask God for too much. But He gave me enough to buy the doll and a white rose!”
Then I remembered two days before a local newspaper reported an accident in which a woman and a little girl were badly injured. The little girl died right away, and the mother was left in a critical state. Was this the family of the little boy
高考复习
Two days after I met the little boy, I read in the newspaper that the woman had passed away. I couldn’t stop myself from going to the funeral. Teary-eyed, I felt that my life had been changed forever.
1. The story most probably conveys the message
that______.
A. a kind act can bring joy and hope to others
B. a gift is a perfect way to express love for others
C. losing a family member is a heavy blow to children
D. a religious belief can help one solve problems in his life
高考复习
That’s all, and see you
next time!
高考复习
高考复习
阅读理解之中心大意题
一、主旨大意题的命题形式
考查考生的归纳概括能力。这类试题包括要求考生选出短文的标题(title)、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea)等。
设问方式有：
1)What is the main idea of the passage/text
2)The text/passage is mainly about __________.
3) What’s the main point in second paragraph
4) The last paragraph is mainly about _______.
5) What is the best title of this passage/text
6) Which of the following would be the best title for
the passage
高考复习
解题技巧:
中心思想的选项设置
范围过大
范围过小
胡说八道
正确答案
标题：
逆向思维：是否依据标题快速预测文章的主要内容。要短小精悍，醒目精确，对读者有吸引力。
高考复习
解题技巧: 主题句定位法
*通过分析篇章结构，找出每小段的主题句，通过主题句找出文章的主题。
*由于文章的不同，表现的手法也各有不同，主题句出现的位置也不是一成不变的。
*主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、 中间、结尾。因此，仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
*做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法(skimming)，浏览时，一般不需逐句细读，只选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
高考复习
(1)
The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California is one of the world’s most beautiful bridges. It is also one of the most visited places in the world. Vehicles cross the bridge an average of 41 million times each year. More than 1800 hundred million vehicles have used the bridge since it opened more than 70 years ago.
The bridge was painted “International Orange” because that color went well with the natural surroundings. The color also is easier to see in the heavy fog that often covers the area. But the Golden Gate Bridge was not named for its orange color. It was named for the body of water that it crosses, the Golden Gate Strait.
高考复习
(1)
The Golden Gate Strait is the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco with Marin County, California.
Planning for the bridge began in the 1920s when the area around San Francisco was growing. People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries.
Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer for the project. Work began in 1934. Mr. Strauss demanded the strongest safety protections in the history of bridge building. These included the first use of “hard hats” to protect the workers' heads and special glasses to protect their eyes.
高考复习
A special safety net was suspended under the bridge. This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction. However, 11 other workers were killed when they fell from the bridge through the net. Still, this was a new safety record for the time.
The Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937. It extends 1280 meters across the water. The total length is 2737 meters. It was the largest suspension bridge in the world until 1964. That is when the Verrazano Narrows Bridge opened in New York City. Today, the Golden Gate Bridge is the ninth longest suspension bridge in the world.
高考复习
1. The passage is written to ________．
A．invite readers to San Francisco
B．introduce the Golden Gate Bridge
C．describe how the Golden Gate Bridge was built
D．tell the story of an engineer called Joseph
Strauss
高考复习
(2)
When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority. This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.
Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings that create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into
高考复习
their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.
Music provides a kind of perception that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore emotive meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all.
高考复习
The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings “talk” to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.
高考复习
Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love.
So music education is far more necessary than people to realize.
1. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Music education deserves more attention.
B. Music should be of top education priority.
C. Music is an effective communication tool.
D. Music education makes students more imaginative.
高考复习
(3)
Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin (1809-1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.
The islands are certainly a paradise for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago, each day is as impressive as it could be.
高考复习
(3)
The most well-known animals of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise, which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago （群岛）. Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.
Despite strict control over activities and timing, your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures; diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim; and most magically, seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air.
高考复习
Travelling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world. At night you will sleep on board the ship, leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.
1. Which of the following would be the best title for
the passage
A. Galapagos as a Paradise for Adventures
B. Unique Attraction for wildlife Lovers
C. Charles Darwin as a symbol of Galapagos
D. A successful Example of wildlife protection
高考复习
(4)The Best of Friends
The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly held image of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just how positive today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one member of the research team.” They’re expected to
高考复习
be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds; they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s more negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.”
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-years-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing. As long as they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now
高考复习
21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I’d done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenagers rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments,” Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only
高考复习
happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over.”
71. What is the passage mainly about
A. Negotiation in family
B. Education in family
C. Harmony in family
D. Teenage trouble in family
高考复习
(5)
The Hunan Satellite TV (HNTV) show “Where are we going, Dad ” is a big hit. Many famous stars brought their children to a strange village alone, and they had to spend 72 hours with their children there. The program fully showed us a modern version of the “how to be a good father”. As the young parents today are too busy to take care of their children, this new form of “Lost on the way” played by nanny Daddy and cute kids triggered a lot of people’s emotional resonance（共鸣）. Both the kids and their parents will find that their hearts are being drawn closer. But this kind of feeling has just proved that there is a big spiritual barrier between the modern parents and children.
高考复习
The TV shows like “Children are hard to support!”, “Where are we going, Dad ”, “hot mom” and “cute kids” are becoming more and more popular. All of these show the new parents’ confusion in children’s education and the appeal for the balance between career and family.
In real life, on the one hand the young parents feel helpless because they are too busy to accompany their children under the pressures of work and life; on the other hand they continue to do so. The data collected by HNTV shows that nearly two-thirds of their audience are female, among whom 36% are aged from 25 to 34. We can imagine such a scene that one evening a young mother is watching the show
高考复习
with her young children, while her husband is still at work or trapped in socializing, or maybe is just playing computer games in the bedroom. The story of a child without the company of father is still going on. In fact, it is sometimes the same to mothers. In a modern family, it is often the old who take the responsibility of raising a child. The participation of mother in the children’s education is also very low.
It is just this kind of confusion where the parents have gone in the modern family education, and where the parents will guide their children to go that “Where are we going, Dad ” shows us. If a child wants to grow up healthily and safely into a modern citizen with independent personality and free spirit, it
高考复习
is very important for him or her to follow the parents who serve as their first teacher. Maybe this is the real reason why such kind of TV programs could get hot. The truth is that children will go where their parents go; and society will go where the children go.
1. Which one is the best title of the passage
A. Modern Education is Important
B. Nanny Daddy and Cute Kids
C. New problems in Modern Children’s Education
D. Confusion Behind “Where are we going, dad ”
高考复习
(6)
The Doll and the White Rose
I was walking around in a mall, when I saw a cashier hand this little boy some money back. The cashier said, “I’m sorry, but you don’t have enough money to buy this doll.” The little boy seemed very disappointed.
I walked toward him and asked him who he wished to give this doll to. “It’s the doll that my sister wanted so much for Christmas. She was sure that Santa Claus would bring it to her. But Santa Claus can’t bring it to her where she is now. I have to give the doll to my mommy so that she can give it to my sister when she goes there.” His eyes were so sad. “My sister has gone to be with God. Daddy says that Mommy is going to
高考复习
see God very soon too, so I thought that she could take the doll with her to give it to my sister.”
My heart nearly stopped. The little boy looked up at me and continued, “I told Daddy to tell Mommy not to go yet. I need her to wait until I come back from the mall.”
I quickly reached for my wallet and said, “Suppose we check again, just in case you do have enough money for the doll.”
“OK, I hope I do have enough,” he said. I put some of my money with his without him seeing and we started to count it. There was enough for the doll and even some spare money.
高考复习
Surprisingly, the little boy cried, “Thank you God for giving me enough money!” Then he looked at me and added, “I asked last night before I went to sleep for God to make sure I had enough money to buy this doll, so that Mommy could give it to my sister. He heard me! I also wanted to have enough money to buy a white rose for my mommy, but I didn’t dare to ask God for too much. But He gave me enough to buy the doll and a white rose!”
Then I remembered two days before a local newspaper reported an accident in which a woman and a little girl were badly injured. The little girl died right away, and the mother was left in a critical state. Was this the family of the little boy
高考复习
Two days after I met the little boy, I read in the newspaper that the woman had passed away. I couldn’t stop myself from going to the funeral. Teary-eyed, I felt that my life had been changed forever.
1. The story most probably conveys the message
that______.
A. a kind act can bring joy and hope to others
B. a gift is a perfect way to express love for others
C. losing a family member is a heavy blow to children
D. a religious belief can help one solve problems in his life
高考复习
That’s all, and see you
next time!
高考复习