/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
第5讲 七年级下 Units9--12
重 点 单 词 nose n. 鼻子 mouth n. 嘴 height n. 身高；高度 heavy adj. 重的 tonight adv.&n. （在）今晚；（在）今夜 cinema n. 电影院 each adj.&pron. 每个；各自 another adj.&pron. 另一；又一 real adj. 真正的；真实的 noodle n. 面条 beef n. 牛肉 potato n. 土豆；马铃薯 straight adj. 直的 tall adj. 高的 cake n. 蛋糕 candle n. 蜡烛 age n. 年龄 if conj. 如果 glasses（pl.） n. 眼镜 handsome adj. 英俊的 person n. 人 face n. 脸 artist n. 艺术家 special n. 特色菜；特价品 adj. 特别的；特殊的 large adj. 大号的；大的 meat n. 肉 beach n. 海滩；沙滩 sheep n. 羊；绵羊 natural adj. 自然的 tired adj. 疲倦的；疲劳的 language n. 语言 kite n. 风筝 ago adv. 以前 exciting adj. 使人兴奋的；令人激动的 lovely adj. 可爱的 expensive adj. 昂贵的 dumpling n. 饺子 fish n. 鱼；鱼肉 answer n. 答案 v. 回答 candy n. 糖果 lucky adj. 幸运的 idea n. 想法；主意 feed v. 喂养；饲养 farmer n. 农民；农场主 quite adv. 相当；完全 painting n. 油画；绘画 worry v.&n. 担心；担忧 museum n. 博物馆 camp v. 扎营；扎帐篷 lake n. 湖；湖泊 slow adj. 缓慢的；迟缓的 fast adv.&adj. 快地（的） guide n. 导游；向导 interested adj. 感兴趣的 dark adj. 黑暗的；昏暗的 hear v. 听到；听见 anything pron. 任何东西；任何事物 pick v. 采；摘 excellent adj. 极好的；优秀的 yesterday adv. 昨天 flower n. 花 India n. 印度 moon n. 月亮 surprise n. 惊奇；惊讶 v. 使吃惊 snake n. 蛇 move v. 移动 forest n. 森林
词 汇 拓 展 high adj.高的→height (n.)高度；身高 surprise v.& n.使吃惊；惊讶；惊喜→surprising (adj.)令人惊奇的→surprised (adj.)感到惊讶的 thin adj.瘦的→thinner (比较级)→thinnest (最高级) grow v.成长→growth (n.)成长；生长；发育 worry v.& n.担心；关心→worried (adj.)担心的；焦急的 mouse n.老鼠；耗子→mice (复数) fly v.飞→flies (单三) describe v.描述→description (n.)描述；描绘 special adj.& n.特别的；特色菜→specially (adv.) 专门地；特意地 little adj.少的；小的→less (比较级)→least (最高级) exciting adj.令人激动的→excite (v.)使激动；使兴奋→excited (adj.)感到兴奋的；激动的 cheap adj.便宜的→cheaply (adv.)便宜地；低廉地→expensive (adj.)贵的 (反义词) act v.行动→active (adj.)忙碌的；活跃的→actor (n.)演员→action (n.)行动 different adj.→differently (adv.)不同地→difference (n.)不同 wake v.弄醒→awake (adj.)醒着的 person n.人→personal (adj.)个人的；私人的 nature n.自然→natural (adj.)自然的 slow adj.缓慢的→slowly (adv.) 缓慢地
重 点 短 语 给……带来好运bring good luck to… 去散步 go for a walk 某人的生活习惯one's living habits 搭起；举起put up 一(大)碗…… one(large) bowl of… 带领某人参观show sb.around 许多quite a lot (of…) 在乡下；在农村in the countryside 消防站fire station 总的来说all in all 对……感兴趣be interested in 互相；彼此each other 吃惊get a surprise 朝外看look out of 中等身高(be) of medium height 一点；少量a little 最后in the end 戴眼镜wear glasses 画一张……的图draw a picture of… 放风筝fly a kite 如此……以至于so…that 深夜不睡；熬夜stay up late 冲……大声叫嚷shout at 对……大声喊叫shout to 跑开run away 世界各地around the world 吹灭blow out 受欢迎；流行get popular 切碎cut up 上上下下；起伏up and down 生火make a fire 把……弄醒wake…up 点菜take one's order (表示意愿)愿意；喜欢would like ……的数目the number of 许愿make a wish
重 点 句 型 —Is he tall or short 他个头高还是矮呢？ —He isn't tall or short.He's of medium height.他既不高也不矮,中等个头。 —What does he look like？他长什么样？ —He's really tall.他长得很高。 —What kind of noodles would you like 您要什么面？ —I'd like beef noodles,please.牛肉面吧。 —What size would you like 您要什么碗的(面) —I'd like a large bowl,please.大碗的吧。 Many people don't always see things the same way so they may describe the same person differently.人们并非总是以同样的方式看待事物,所以他们会将同一个人描述得不一样。 All in all,it was an exciting day.总之,这是令人兴奋的一天。 I'm not interested in that.我对那并不感兴趣。 What would you like？您需要什么？ We had so much fun！我们玩得非常开心！ I took a lot of great photos,too.我也拍了好多精彩的照片。 I worked as a guide at the Natural History Museum.我在自然历史博物馆当一名导游。 They have a beautiful house with over kinds of butterflies！它们(指博物馆)有一个漂亮的房子,里面有多种蝴蝶！ Well,son,that's why it's important to learn a second language.所以儿子,这就是为什么学习一门外语很重要。 Are there any vegetables in the beef soup 牛肉汤里有蔬菜吗？ I don't like onions,green tea or porridge.我不喜欢吃洋葱,也不喜欢喝绿茶和粥。
知识点
考点一 number的用法
【教材原句】 The number of candles is the person's age. 蜡烛的数量就是这个人的年龄。
◆ 辨析the number of与a number of
the number of 表示“……的数量”，中心词是number，跟复数名词连用作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 eg：The number of the candles is the person's age. 蜡烛的数量是这个人的年龄。
a number of 表示“许多”，相当于many，修饰可数名词复数。跟复数名词连用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。number前可用large，small等修饰，表示程度。 eg：A number of students are planting trees on the hill. 许多学生在小山上植树。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·甘肃甘南）Don’t worry. There are ________ possible solutions to the problem.
A．the number of B．very few C．a number of
【答案】C
【详解】句意：别担心。这个问题有许多可能的解决办法。
考查形容词短语。the number of……的数量；very few非常少；a number of大量的。根据“possible solutions to the problem.”可知是有很多解决方法，所以不用担心。故选C。
考点二 order的用法
【教材原句】 May I take your order？您现在点菜吗？
（1）order 作名词，意为“点菜；秩序；顺序”
take one's order 点菜
in order 井然有序
out of order 出故障
（2）order 作动词，意为“点；订购；命令”
order sb.sth.= order sth.for sb.为某人点/订购某物
order a meal点餐
order sb. (not) to do sth.命令某人(不要)做某事
eg：The general issued an order to attack at dawn. 将军下达了黎明发起进攻的命令。
Please stand in order of height for the photo. 请按照身高顺序站好拍照。
The teacher ordered the students to stay after class. 老师吩咐学生们下课后留下来。
She ordered a coffee and a croissant at the café. 她在咖啡馆点了一杯咖啡和一个羊角面包。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·日照）Kate's room is in good o____, and everything is in its proper place.
【答案】(o)rder
【详解】句意：凯特的房间秩序井然，所有东西都在合适的位置上。根据 “everything is in its proper place”可知，所有东西都在合适的位置上，根据首字母o可知此处应用介词短语in good order表示“秩序井然，井然有序”。故填(o) rder。
考点三 lucky的用法
【教材原句】 The child with the candy is lucky. 那个拿到糖果的孩子是幸运的。
lucky 形容词，意为“幸运的”。
词形变化：
unlucky adj. 幸运的
luck n. 幸运
luckily adv. 幸运地
unluckily adv. 不幸地
短语搭配：
good/bad luck好运/不幸
eg：Our dog is very lucky; he never gets sick. 我们的狗很幸运，它从来不生病。
I was so lucky to win the lottery ticket. It was really unexpected. 我很幸运中了彩票。这真的太出乎意料了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·山东青岛·二模）The snow was heavy, but ________, it didn’t cause any serious accidents.
A．suddenly B．hardly C．badly D．luckily
【答案】D
【详解】句意：雪很大，但幸运的是，没有造成任何严重事故。
考查副词辨析。suddenly突然；hardly几乎不；badly非常；luckily幸运地。根据“it didn’t cause any serious accidents.”可知，没有造成严重事故，这是幸运的事。故选D。
2．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔）Remember this, kids. The harder you work, the ________ you will be.
A．worse B．luckier C．easier
【答案】B
【详解】句意：记住这一点，孩子们。你越努力，你就越幸运。
考查形容词辨析。worse更差的；luckier更幸运的；easier更容易的。根据“The harder you work, the … you will be”可知，越努力就越幸运，故选B。
考点四 so...that...的用法
【教材原句】 But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 但是我太累了，所以很早就去睡了。
so…that… 如此……以至于…… 引导结果状语从句
so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”。so后面要跟形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句。
e.g. I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 我太累了，所以早早就睡着了。
He speaks so fast that I can hardly understand him.他说得如此快，以至于我几乎不能理解他。
so...that...的否定结构和too...to...结构可以互换。
e.g. The woman was so weak that she couldn't stand up.=The woman was too weak to stand up.这位妇女身体太虚弱了，以至于站不起来。
so...that...结构和...enough to...结构可以互换。
e.g. The film was so interesting that I saw it again and again.=The film was interesting enough for me to see again and again.这部电影如此有趣，以至于我看了一遍又一遍。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·内蒙古）Our teacher asks us to read newspapers every day ________ we can find out what’s going on around the world.
A．so that B．even though C．in order to D．as soon as
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们的老师让我们每天读报，这样我们就可以了解世界各地发生了什么。
考查连词辨析。so that以便于；even though即使；in order to为了；as soon as一……就。“Our teacher asks us to read newspapers every day”的目的是“we can find out what’s going on around the world.”，且空后是从句，用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。
2．（2023·福建·三模）—Why don’t your grandparents live with you
—They prefer living in the village ________ they can get closer to nature.
A．so that B．as soon as C．even though
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你爷爷奶奶为什么不和你一起住？——他们更喜欢住在村子里，这样他们可以更接近大自然。
考查连词辩词。so that以便；as soon as一……就……；even though尽管。根据“They prefer living in the village…they can get closer to nature.”可知，他们更喜欢住在乡村以便更接近自然。故选A。
3．（2023·安徽安庆·三模）To encourage people to come to the city, Zibo set up a special “barbecue（烧烤）map”and added 21 new barbecue bus lines ________ people can “get on the bus to rest, get off to eat.”
A．even though B．although C．since D．so that
【答案】D
【详解】句意：为了鼓励人来到淄博这个城市，它创建了特殊的“烧烤地图”并增加21条新的烧烤公交线，为了人们能上车就休息，下车就吃。
考查连词。even though即使；although虽然；since自从；so that为了。空格后的句子是目的状语从句，所以应是so that来引导。故选D。
4．（2023·海南海口·二模）The football fans cheered on the players ________ their teams could win.
A．so that B．even though C．ever since
【答案】A
【详解】句意：足球迷们为队员们加油，以便他们的队能赢。
考查从属连词辨析。so that以便；even though虽然；ever since自从。“their teams could win”是“The football fans cheered on the players”的目的，用so that引导
考点五 surprise的用法
surprise v. 使吃惊
辨析surprise/surprising/surprised
surprise v. 使惊讶，使意外 surprise sb.使某人惊讶
n. 惊奇，惊讶 give sb.a surprise给某人一个惊喜 to one's surprise令某人吃惊的是 in surprise惊奇地
surprising adj. 令人惊奇的 在句中作定语或表语，常用来修饰事物
surprised adj. 惊讶的，惊奇的 在句中作表语，常用来说明人。 be surprised at对……感到吃惊 be surprised to do对做……感到吃惊
一言辨异：To my surprise,Li Ming was not surprised at the surprising news.使我感到吃惊的是，李明对这个令人震惊的消息并不感到惊讶。
eg：To his surprise, he found that he had won the first prize in the contest. 令他惊讶的是，他发现自己在竞赛中获得了一等奖。
She looked at him in surprise when he suddenly proposed. 当他突然求婚时，她惊讶地看着他。
◆ 精题巧练
1.（2023·甘肃武威）I opened the door and all my friends shouted “Happy Birthday!” I had no idea they were coming. I was so ________.
A．interested B．surprised C．interesting D．surprising
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我打开门，所有的朋友都喊道：“生日快乐！”我不知道他们要来。我很惊讶。
考查形容词辨析。interested感兴趣的；surprised感到惊讶的；interesting令人有趣的；surprising令人惊讶的。根据“I had no idea they were coming”可知不知道他们要来，所以很惊讶，修饰人，应用surprised，故选B。
2．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—Billy used to be shy and quiet, but he is very outgoing now.
—Yes. We are all ________ at his changes.
A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——比利过去很害羞和安静，但他现在很外向。——是的。我们都对他的变化感到惊讶。
考查形容词辨析和形容词作表语。surprise名词/动词；surprised惊讶的，修饰人；surprising惊人的，修饰物。根据“We are all ... at his changes.”可知，此处在句中作表语，用修饰人的形容词，故选B。
考点六 high的用法
high 形容词或者副词，意为“高的（地）”，表示高度，或者程度高。
e.g He climbed high.他爬得很高。
词形变化：
highly 副词，意为“非常”
height 名词，意为“身高；高度”
highly作为副词，主要强调某种程度达到一定的高度，如“高度评价”、“高度赞扬”等。
e.g He speaks very highly of you.他十分赞赏你。
His report is highly scientific.他的报告是很科学的。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Dressing up as a ghost is ________ unusual in our culture. People think it will bring bad luck.
A．hardly B．hard C．highly D．high
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在我们的文化中，扮鬼是极不寻常的。人们认为这会带来厄运。
考查词汇辨析。hardly几乎不；hard困难的，努力地；highly非常；high高的。根据“People think it will bring bad luck.”可知，扮鬼在中国文化中是非常不寻常的，highly unusual“极不寻常”，副词highly修饰形容词unusual。故选C。
2．（2023·福建泉州·二模）—It’s reported that the ________ of Qomolangma is 8848.86 meters.
—Right! It also says the mount keeps growing every year.
A．weight B．height C．size
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——据报道，珠穆朗玛峰的高度为8848.86米。——对！报道还说，这座山每年都在增高。
考查名词辨析。weight重量；height高度；size大小。根据“8848.86 meters”可知，此处是指高度。故选B。
3．（2023·广西南宁·二模）—What’s your brother’s ________
—It’s about 1.83 metres. He is the tallest in his class.
A．weight B．height C．age
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你哥哥的身高是多少？——大约1.83米。他是班里最高的。
考查名词辨析。weight体重；height身高；age年龄。根据“It’s about 1.83 metres.”可知，空处问的是身高。故选B。
考点七 popular的用法
popular 形容词，意为“流行的，受欢迎的，普遍的”
常用短语搭配：
be popular in 在某个地方或范围内受欢迎。
be popular among/with 在某个群体或人中受欢迎。
be popular for 因某种特性或原因而受欢迎。
get popular 受欢迎，流行起来
e.g. The band's music is popular in the country. 该乐队的音乐在这个国家很受欢迎。
The movie is popular among young people. 这部电影在年轻人中很受欢迎。
He is popular with our classmates. 他在我们班里很受欢迎。
The recipe is popular for its simplicity.这个食谱因其简单而受欢迎。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Hua Hua—a panda at Chengdu Giant Panda Base is ________ because of her cute looks.
A．popular B．public C．proper D．private
【答案】A
【详解】句意：成都大熊猫基地的一只熊猫花花因其可爱的外表而广受欢迎。
考查形容词辨析。popular受欢迎的；public公共的；proper正确的；private私人的。根据“because of her cute looks.”可知，大熊猫花花因为其可爱的外表而大受欢迎。故选A。
考点八 interested的用法
词形变换：
interest n.兴趣 v. 使......感兴趣
interested adj. 感兴趣的 用来表示人的主观感受
interested与interesting的用法
interesting adj. “有趣的”，用来修饰事物。
an interesting film一部有趣的电影
interested adj.“感兴趣的”，用来说明人，而不是物。
e.g. My brother is interested in music.我哥哥对音乐感兴趣。
短语搭配：take an interest in对……感兴趣
be/get/become interested in对……感兴趣
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨）—Did you go on a school trip last weekend
—Yes. We visited the science museum. It was really ________ and all of us enjoyed ourselves.
A．interested B．boring C．interesting
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——上周末你参加学校组织的旅行了吗？——是的。我们参观了科学博物馆。这真的很有趣，我们都玩得很开心。
考查形容词辨析。interested感兴趣的；boring无聊的；interesting有趣的。根据“It was really...and all of us enjoyed ourselves.”可知，旅行很有趣。故选C。
2．(2024云南) I like traveling because I can meet some ______________ people and things along the way.（interest）
考点九 exciting的用法
exciting表示“令人兴奋的”，主语通常为事物或活动，而非人。可作定语或表语：
定语 ：an exciting game（激动人心的比赛）
表语 ：The news is exciting.（这消息令人兴奋）
exciting 和excited区别
exciting 描述事物本身具有的刺激性（修饰物）
excited 表示人的感受（修饰人）
e.g. I’m excited about the trip.我对旅行感到兴奋
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·黑龙江）It makes me ________ to watch National Women’s Volleyball Team’s matches.
A．feel exciting B．to feel excited C．feel excited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：看国家女排的比赛让我很兴奋。
考查动词短语和形容词辨析。动词短语make sb do sth表示“让某人做某事”，排除B；excited感到兴奋的，修饰人；exciting兴奋的，修饰物，此处修饰人。故选C。
2．（2024·四川乐山）—Hi, you look ________. Why are you so happy today
—Can you believe it I have just met Miss Zhou, my first teacher!
A．excited B．exciting C．excite
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你好，你看起来很兴奋。你今天为什么这么高兴？——你能相信吗？我刚见到了周老师，我的启蒙老师！
考查词义辨析和形容词作表语。excited兴奋的，形容词，修饰人；exciting令人激动的，形容词，修饰物；excite使激动，动词。此处在look后作表语，用形容词，且修饰人，故选A。
考点十 tired的用法
tired adj. 疲劳的，厌倦的
tired作表语，表示“疲劳的”或“厌倦的”，主语通常是人。
e.g. She looks very tired. 她看起来很疲惫。
I’m tired of hearing the same excuse. 我厌倦了同样的借口。
辨析tired和 tiring
tired 表示人自身的感受；tiring 描述事物“令人疲劳的”（修饰物）。
e.g. The job is tiring. 这工作很累人。
He felt tired after work. 工作后他感到疲惫。
固定搭配
be tired of ：表示“对……感到厌烦”（精神上的厌倦）。
e.g She is tired of doing homework.她厌倦了做作业。
be tired from ：表示“因……而疲劳”（身体上的劳累）。
e.g He was tired from running.他跑步后很累。
be tired with ：表示“因某事感到不耐烦”。
e.g You might be tired with reading, but don’t be tired of it. 看书可能使你疲劳，但不该厌烦它。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·福建）David is really ________ after the 1000-meter race, so he has to take a rest.
A．worried B．bored C．tired
【答案】C
【详解】句意：大卫跑完1000米后真的很累，所以他必须休息一下。
考查形容词辨析。worried担心的；bored无聊的；tired累的。根据“David is really ... after the 1000-meter race”可知，跑完1000米应该很累，故选C。
考点十一 put up的用法
put up 建造；搭建；举起；张贴
【拓展】
put back 把......放回原处
put down 放下；写下
put off 推迟；拖延
put through接通电话
put on 增加（体重）；穿上；表演
put out 熄灭
put away 收起来
put in 安装
eg：We put up our tents near the lake for the weekend camping trip. 我们在湖边搭起了帐篷，准备周末露营。
They put up a picture of their dog on the wall. 他们在墙上挂了他们狗狗的照片。
He quickly put up his hand when the teacher asked a question. 老师提问时，他很快举起了手。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·湖北鄂州）—How was your camping in Sifeng Mountain last weekend
—It was great. We ________ our tents on the top of the mountain and enjoyed ourselves.
A．put up B．put off C．put on D．put away
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——上周末你在四峰山露营怎么样啊？——太棒了。我们在山顶搭起了帐篷，玩得很开心。
考查动词短语。put up搭起；put off推迟；put on穿上；put away收拾。根据“our tent”可知此处应用动词短语put up one’s tent表示“搭帐篷”。故选A。
2．（2023·江苏扬州）Paper cut-outs of “double happiness” are often ________ in the married couple’s home to bring good wishes.
A．put back B．put up C．put on D．put off
【答案】B
【详解】句意：“双喜字”的剪纸经常被贴在新婚夫妇的家里，以表达美好的祝愿。
考查动词短语。put back放回去；put up张贴；put on穿上；put off推迟。“Paper cut-outs of ‘double happiness’ ”是一种剪纸，人们会把它贴在家里。故选B。
3．（2023·江苏徐州）I loved the book so much that I could hardly ________.
A．put it up B．put it down C．put it on D．put it out
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我太喜欢这本书了，简直爱不释手。
考查动词短语。put up张贴；put down放下；put on穿上；put out扑灭。根据“I loved the book so much”可知，“我”非常喜欢这本书，几乎放不下。故选B。
4．（2023·湖北孝感）—Look at the sign. What does it mean
—It means we should ________ the rubbish ________ the proper rubbish bins.
A．put; into B．throw; around C．mix; into D．try; on
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——看看这个标志。它是什么意思？——它的意思是我们应该把垃圾放进合适的垃圾桶。
考查动词短语。put...into把……放入；throw around到处乱扔；mix...into把……混入；try on试穿。根据“the rubbish...the proper rubbish bins”可知是把垃圾扔进合适的垃圾桶里。故选A。
5．（2023·辽宁丹东）On September 1, students ________ their new school uniforms to go to school happily.
A．take off B．give away C．make up D．put on
【答案】D
【详解】句意：9月1日，学生们穿上新校服高高兴兴地去上学。
考查动词短语。take off起飞；give away赠送；make up编造；put on穿上。根据“students...their new school uniforms”可知是指穿上新校服，故选D。
考点十二 move的用法
move v. 移动，搬动
相关短语：
move around 不停地走动，围绕...转
move on 往前走
move to sp. 搬往某地
move away 搬走；离开
move in 搬到某处；迁入
e.g. I’m going to move somewhere interesting.我打算搬到有趣的地方居住。
【拓展】moved和moving
moved adj. 感动的，人做主语。
moving adj. 令人感动的，作定语或物做主语。
e.g. The novel is so moving and I was moved by the story.这本小说太感人了，我被里面的故事感动了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·青海）We are deeply _________ by the story of Mu Shengzhong, whose team started building road in Haixi in the 1950s.
A．hurt B．moved C．troubled
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们被慕生忠的故事深深打动，他的团队在20世纪50年代开始在海西修路。
考查动词辨析。hurt受伤；moved感动；troubled麻烦。根据“whose team started building road in Haixi in the 1950s”可知在海西修路，故事令人感动。故选B。
考点十三 describe的用法
describe v. 描述
常见短语
describe sb/sth as + 形容词/名词 将……描述为……
describe to sb 向某人描述
e.g. She described the scene to the police in detail. 她向警方详细描述了现场。
He described her as intelligent and creative. 他形容她聪明且有创造力。
Can you describe the suspect’s appearance 你能描述嫌疑人的外貌吗？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·湖北武汉）—Can you ________ your new coach
—Hmm…I think he’s very intelligent and humorous.
A．believe B．describe C．support D．follow
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能描述一下你的新教练吗？——嗯……我觉得他很聪明，很幽默。
考查动词辨析。believe相信；describe描述；support支持；follow跟随。根据“Can you ... your new coach ”和“I think he’s very intelligent and humorous.”可知，在描述教练，故选B。
考点十四 pick up的用法
pick up 拾起；捡起
pick up是“动词+副词”型短语，代词作宾语时必须放中间。
eg：Carol picked some strawberries and took them home.卡罗尔摘了一些草莓并把它们带回了家里。
children are picking tomatoes in the garden. 孩子们正在园子里摘西红柿。
pick up 开始从事，学会
eg：She picked up French while traveling in Paris. 她在巴黎旅行时学会了法语。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·江苏徐州）I am planning to ________ the new hobby in the summer holiday. I won’t spend my spare time on my mobile phone all day long.
A．pick up B．turn up C．get up D．look up
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我打算在暑假里培养新的爱好。我不会把业余时间都花在玩手机上。
考查动词短语。pick up开始从事，学会，捡起；turn up调大；get up起床；look up查找。根据“the new hobby in the summer holiday.”可知，此处是指培养新爱好，应用pick up。故选A。
考点十五 hear的用法
hear v. 听见，听说
hear可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。
常用短语及搭配
① hear of 表示“听说过”（某人/事物）。
e.g Have you ever heard of quantum physics 你听说过量子物理吗。
I’ve never heard of that restaurant. 我从没听说过那家餐厅。
② hear from 表示“收到某人的消息”（如信件、电话等）。
e.g I haven’t heard from my brother in months. 我几个月没收到哥哥的消息了。
③ hear about 表示“听说（某事）”，强调间接得知。
e.g We heard about the earthquake on TV. 我们从电视上得知地震的消息。
④ hear sb do sth 表示“听见某人做过某事”（强调动作的完成或习惯性）。
e.g I heard him play the piano every night. 我每晚都听见他弹钢琴。
⑤ hear sb doing sth 表示“听见某人正在做某事”（强调动作进行中）。
e.g I heard the baby crying upstairs. 我听到婴儿在楼上哭。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川乐山）—I ________ Mike on Monday. He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter.
—Do we accept his invitation We haven’t met him for 3 years.
A．heard from B．came from C．suffered from
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我星期一收到迈克的信。他在信中邀请我们参观他的家乡。——我们接受他的邀请吗？我们有三年没见过他了。
考查动词短语辨析。heard from收到某人的来信；came from来自；suffered from遭受。根据“He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter.”可知，是迈克的来信，故选A。
考点十六 run away的用法
run away from 逃避，从...逃走
e.g. The young man ran away when he saw a big bear.那个年轻人看到一只大熊就跑掉了。
The boy ran away from the back door.这男孩从后门逃跑了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔）When you are in trouble, a friend who ________ from you is not a true one.
A．takes away B．gives away C．runs away
【答案】C
【详解】句意：当你遇到麻烦时，从你身边逃跑的朋友不是真正的朋友。
考查动词短语。takes away带走；gives away捐赠；runs away逃跑。根据“a friend who...from you is not a true one”可知遇到困难时，逃离你的朋友不是真正的朋友，run away from“逃离”。故选C。
考点十七 worry的用法
worry 意为“担心/担忧”可以作名词，也可以作动词。
作名词，作 不可数名词 ，泛指“担忧/焦虑”的情绪，作 可数名词， 指“具体的烦恼/烦心事”。
e.g. Her face showed signs of worry. 她脸上露出担忧。
Financial worries keep him awake. 经济上的烦恼让他失眠。
作不及物动词，表示“担心/担忧”某人或某事，需搭配介词 about 。
e.g. Don’t worry about the results. 别担心结果。
Are you worrying about what to wear 你在为穿什么发愁吗？
及物动词（+ 宾语） 表示“使某人担心/困扰”，直接接人作宾语。
e.g. His silence worried me. 他的沉默让我担心。
The problem is worrying the whole team. 问题困扰着整个团队。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·甘肃陇南·三模）Before an exam, it is important to stay relaxed and calm.
A．asleep B．excited C．nervous D．not worried
【答案】D
【详解】句意：考试前，保持放松和冷静是很重要的。
考查形容词辨析。asleep睡着的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的；not worried不担心的。根据“it is important to stay relaxed and calm”可知要保持放松和冷静，故relaxed意为“不担心的，放松的”。故选D。
考点十八 a little的用法
a little一点儿；少量
辨析a little/a few/little/few
肯定意义 否定意义 后接名词
a little. little 不可数名词
a few few 可数名词复数
【特别提醒】
a few=several，意为“几个；若干”。
a little=a bit=kind of可以表示程度，意为“有点儿”，修饰形容词或副词。
little可以表示感彩较浓的“小”。
e.g. I know chess a little.我对国际象棋了解一点儿。
a little boy一个小男孩
◆ 精题巧练
1 . （2023·上海）I can't give you any advice on farming because I know _______ about it.
A.a few B.few C．a little D.little
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我不能给你任何关于农业的建议，因为我对农业知之甚少。
考查代词辨析。afew几个，修饰可数名词复数；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；alittle一点，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据“I can't give you any advice on farming”可知几乎不知道关于农业的知识，指代不可数名词，用little。故选D。
2 .（2024·西藏） Although he is new in this city, he doesn't feel lonely because he has _______ friends.
A. afew B.few C. a little D．little
【答案】A
【详解】句意：虽然他刚到这个城市，但他并不感到孤独，因为他有一些朋友。
考查代词辨析。afew修饰可数名词，一些；few修饰可数名词，几乎没有；alittle修饰不可数名词，一些；little修饰不可数名词，几乎没有。根据“he doesn't feel lonely”可知，不感到孤独，说明有一些朋友，且friends是可数名词，afew符合句意，故选A。
语法点
一、形容词的用法。
1. 形容词的定义
形容词是用来修饰名词或者部分代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。
2. 形容词的的用法
1）、作表语。
形容词常常用在系动词 be, look, get, become, feel, taste, smell, seem, sound等后面作表语。
①放在状态系动词（Be动词）之后。
e.g. The bike is expensive.这俩自行车很贵。
②放在持续系动词之后。
e.g. You must keep warm. 你一定要保暖。
He always stays happy in class. 他总是在课堂上保持快乐。
③放在seem之后。
e.g. He seems very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
④放在感官系动词之后。
e.g. The scarf feels soft.这条围巾感觉柔软。
This flower smells nice. 这朵花闻起来很香。
He looks polite.他看起来很有礼貌。
⑤放在变化系动词之后。
e.g. The leaves turn green. 叶子变绿了。
The egg becomes bigger. 鸡蛋变得更大了。
2）、作定语。
形容词常常用在名词的前面，用于修饰名词（中心词）。
e.g. She is a good student.她是一个好学生。
I have an old friend.我有一个老朋友。
She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。
【注意】：复合形容词作前置定语时，各词用原形且用连字符“-”连接。
e.g. Last year we built a thirteen-storey-high building. 去年，我们盖了一栋十三层的高楼。
3、作宾语补足语。
形容词常用在动词make, keep, think, find等后面作宾语补足语。
e.g. Her words made me very happy. 她的话让我很高兴。
This can make life difficult. 这会使生活变得困难。
I think it necessary for us to have a good rest after the boring work.我认为对我们来说，在烦闷的工作之后好好休息是有必要的。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—Hi, you look ________. Why are you so happy today
—Can you believe it I have just met Miss Zhou, my first teacher!
A．excited B．exciting C．excite
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你好，你看起来很兴奋。你今天为什么这么高兴？——你能相信吗？我刚见到了周老师，我的启蒙老师！
考查词义辨析和形容词作表语。excited兴奋的，形容词，修饰人；exciting令人激动的，形容词，修饰物；excite使激动，动词。此处在look后作表语，用形容词，且修饰人，故选A。
2．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）I could ________ understand what he was saying because it’s ________ to follow a quick speaker.
A．hard; hardly B．hard; hard C．hardly; hard
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我几乎听不懂他在说什么，因为很难听懂一个说话很快的人的话。
考查词义辨析。hardly几乎不；hard困难的。根据“I could … understand what he was saying because it’s … to follow a quick speaker”可知，说话快几乎听不懂，第一空填hardly。第二空在is后，应填形容词hard作表语，故选C。
3．（2024·甘肃天水·三模）—I don’t know how to get on with others.
—Be friendly. That will make it a lot ________.
A．easy B．easily C．more easily D．easier
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我不知道如何和别人相处。——要友好。那会使事情变得容易得多。
考查形容词比较级。easy容易的（形容词）；easily容易地（副词）；more easily更容易地（副词比较级）；easier更容易的（形容词比较级）。根据“make sth.+adj.”可知，空格处应选形容词，所以排除选项B和C；a lot常用于修饰比较级，所以空格处应选形容词比较级easier。故选D。
二、would like句型。
would like用来表达意愿，意为“想要”，相当于want, 但比want委婉。
would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为“’d”, 与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。
1. I’d like=I would like，would like相当于want，意为“想要”。常见用法有三种：
（1）would like sth.想要某物
e.g. I would (I’d) like some noodles.我想吃一些面条。
（2）would like to do sth.想要做某事
e.g. I would (I’d) like to play the piano 我想要弹钢琴。
（3）would like sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事
e.g. I would like him to help me. 我想要他帮助我。
2.Would you like sth. 你想要某物吗 （表示客气请求，句中用some而不用any）
肯定答语：Yes,please.
否定答语：No,thanks.
e.g. —Would you like some ice cream 你想要一些冰激凌吗？
—Yes, please.. 是的，可以。
3.Would you like to do sth. 你愿意做某事吗 （表示邀请、建议）
肯定答语：Yes,I’d love/like to.
否定答语：I’d love/like to，but I have to...
（说明具体原因）
—Would you like to go shopping with us 你想要/愿意和我们一起去购物吗？
—Yes, I’d like/love to. 是的，我愿意。
—Sorry, I have a lot of homework to do. 对不起，我有很多作业要写。
—I’d love to, but I am too busy.我非常愿意，但是我太忙了。
辨析would like/want/feel like
1.would like/want两个后接名词、不定式或复合宾语，而feel like后接动词-ing形式。
2.would like比want语气更委婉。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·安徽芜湖·三模）—Would you like to go to the science museum with me tomorrow
—_________. I can’t wait for the robot show there.
A．I don’t mind B．Sure, I’d love to
C．It doesn’t matter D．Of course not
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——明天你愿意和我一起去科学博物馆吗？——当然，我很乐意。我等不及要看那里的机器人表演了。
考查情景交际。I don’t mind我不介意；Sure, I’d love to当然，我很乐意；It doesn’t matter没关系；Of course not当然不。根据“I can’t wait for the robot show there.”可知，等不及要看那里的机器人表演，应该是愿意去科学博物馆。故选B。
2．（2024·黑龙江双鸭山·一模）—Would you like some bread
—________. I’m a little hungry.
A．Yes, please B．No, thank you C．Yes, I’d love to
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你想要一些面包吗？——是的，请给我一些。我有点饿了。
考查情景交际。Yes, please是的，请；No, thank you不用了，谢谢；Yes, I’d love to是的，我很乐意。根据“I’m a little hungry.”可知，此处是指想要一些面包，所以应用表示肯定的礼貌用语。故选A。
3．（2024·西藏日喀则·一模）—Are you free next Saturday evening, Mary I’d like to invite you to the concert with me.
—________
A．Don’t worry about it. B．Here you are.
C．Let me carry it for you. D．Thanks a lot. I’d love to.
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——玛丽，下周六晚上你有空吗？我想邀请你和我一起去音乐会。——非常感谢。我很乐意。
考查情景交际。Don’t worry about it.不要担心它；Here you are.给你；Let me carry it for you.让我帮你拿吧；Thanks a lot. I’d love to.非常感谢。我很乐意。根据前文“Are you free next Saturday evening, Mary I’d like to invite you to the concert with me.”可知，此处应该回答非常感谢。我很乐意。故选D。
三、some与any。
some和any表示“一些”时，既可以修饰可数名词；也可以修饰不可数名词，一般来说，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句中。
e.g. Here is some milk for you.这儿有一些牛奶给你。
I would like some grapes.我想要一些葡萄。
I don't want any coffee. 我不想要咖啡。
I can't eat any candies.我不能吃一些糖果。
There is some milk in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些牛奶。
There aren't any books on the desk. 课桌上没有书。
【拓展】如果some用在了疑问句时，它表示请求，建议，邀请等，希望得到对方肯定回答。
e.g. Can I have some milk？我能喝一些牛奶吗？
Would you like some coffee？你想喝咖啡吗？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·吉林四平·三模）He doesn’t have ________ friends in his new school, does he
A．much B．some C．any
【答案】C
【详解】句意：他在新学校里没有朋友，是吗？
考查代词辨析。much很多，修饰不可数名词；some一些，常用于肯定句；any任何，常用于否定句和疑问句中。friends是可数名词复数，排除A，句子是否定句，用any。故选C。
2．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）—Tony, are there ________ milk and vegetables in the fridge
— Let me see. Oh, there are ________ in it.
A．some; some B．any; some C．any; any D．some; any
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——托尼，冰箱里有一些牛奶和蔬菜吗？——让我看看。哦，里面有一些。
考查some和any的区别。some一般用于肯定句，表示“一些”，用于疑问句时，表示建议，请求等；any一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句，表示“一些”，用于肯定句时，表示“任何的”。根据“Tony, are there...milk and vegetables in the fridge ”和“Oh, there are...in it.”可知，一空处为一般疑问句，此处是询问冰箱里是否有一些牛奶和蔬菜，milk前需用any修饰，排除A和D，二空处答语为肯定句，即冰箱里有一些，应用some指代。故选B。
3．（2024·广西河池·一模）—Would you like ________ coffee
—Yes, please.
A．any B．some C．many
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你想要来点儿咖啡吗？ ——好的，谢谢。
考查不定代词。any一些（用于疑问句或否定句）；some一些（用于肯定句）；many许多。根据“coffee”可知，“咖啡”为不可数名词，排除C；又根据“would you like”可知，说话的人希望得到对方肯定回答。故选B。
4．（2024·天津·一模）—Have we got _______ apples
—No, we haven’t. We’ve got _______ oranges.
A．any; any B．some; any C．some; some D．any; some
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我们有苹果吗？——不，我们没有。我们有一些橙子。
考查代词辨析。some一些，常用于肯定句或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中；any常用于否定句和疑问句中。“Have we got ... apples ”是疑问句，应用any；“We’ve got ... oranges.”是肯定句，应用some。故选D。
四、一般过去时
1. 一般过去时态的用法
(1) 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态
e.g. He bought the computer five years ago. 这电脑是他五年前买的。
It was then a small fishing village．那时它只是一个小渔村。
(2) 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作
e.g. We often played together when we were children．我们小时候常在一起玩。
2.时间状语
与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）, last night（昨晚）, last week（上个星期）, four days ago（四天前）, in 2002（在2002年）, just now（刚才）, the day before yesterday（前天）等。
e.g. He went to the park yesterday. 她昨天去了花园。
I was ten years old in 2001. 我2001年才10岁。
3.动词过去式的变化规则
动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则：
(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。
play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。
like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。
(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加—ed。
supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.
(4) 在以重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。
plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.
不规则需要逐个记忆：
am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn't）
are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren't）
4. 一般过去时的结构
（1）be动词的一般过去时
be动词的一般过去时有was，were二种形式，由主语的人称和数来决定用哪一种。
人称 主语 汉语 肯定 否定 主语 汉语 肯定 否定
第一人称 I 我 was wasn't we 我们 were weren't
第二人称 you 你 were weren't you 你们 were weren't
第三人称 he 他 was wasn't they 他们 were weren't
she 她 was wasn't 她们
it 它 was wasn't 它们
单三 主语 was wasn't 复数 主语 were weren't
（2）be动词的一般过去时句式结构：
① 肯定句：主语+be(was/were)+其他.
eg：I was very tired last night. 我昨天晚上很累。
Mike was a teacher. 迈克以前是个老师。
You were absent from school two days ago. 两天前你没到校。
② 否定句：主语+be(was/were)+not+其他.
eg I wasn't busy the other day. 前几天我不忙。
Mike wasn't at school. 迈克不在学校。
They weren't Germans. 他们不是德国人。
③ 一般疑问句：Be(was/were)+主语+其他？
肯定回答：Yes,主语+be(was/were).
否定回答：No,主语+be(was/were) not.
eg：－Was she a teacher 她以前是个老师吗？－Yes, she was. 是的，她是。
－Were they doctors 他们以前是医生吗？－Yes, they were. 是的，他们是。
－Was your father free this morning 今天上午你爸有空吗？－No, he wasn't. 不，他没空。
－Were they in the garden 他们在花园里吗？－No,they weren't. 不，他们不在。
④ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词的一般疑问句
eg：－Where was Lucy last year 去年露西在哪儿？
－She was in Shanghai. 她在上海。
－Where were you yesterday morning 你昨天上午在哪儿呢？
－I was at school. 我在学校。
（3）行为动词的一般过去时句式结构：
① 肯定句：主语+行为动词的过去式+其他.
eg：He had a good time yesterday. 昨天他过得很高兴。
I saw a film last week. 上周我看了一部电影。
We said goodbye to Lucy at five. 5点钟时，我们和露西告别。
Mike rushed into the room. 迈克冲进了房间。
② 否定句：主语+did not+动词原形+其他.
eg：We did not have a good time yesterday. 昨天我们过得不好。
Brant didn't do his homework. 布兰特没做作业。
You didn't do your best to do it. 你没有尽力去做。
③ 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did.
否定回答：No, 主语+did not.
eg：－Did he go there 他去那儿了吗？
－Yes, he did./No, he didn't. 是的,他去了。/不,他没去。
－Did you telephone your uncle yesterday 你昨天给你叔叔打电话了吗？
－Yes,I did. 是的,我打了。/No,I didn't. 不,我没打。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川乐山·一模）—I wonder what makes you a successful manager.
—I ________ as a waiter for five years and it makes a lot of contributions to my today’s work.
A．serve B．have served C．served
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我想知道是什么让你成为一名成功的经理。——我当了五年服务员，这对我今天的工作做出了很大的贡献。
考查时态。根据“I wonder what makes you a successful manager”可知，“做服务员”这个动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选C。
2．（2024·云南德宏·一模）I ________ quite excited when I was watching the film YOLO (热辣滚烫).
A．felt B．feels C．feel D．will feel
【答案】A
【详解】句意：当我观看电影《热辣滚烫》时，我感到很兴奋。
考查动词时态。根据句中的“when I was watching”可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时。故选A。
3．（2024·江西上饶·二模）I live in Beijing now, but I ________ in Guangzhou many years ago.
A．were living B．are living C．lived D．have lived
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我现在住在北京，但许多年前我住在广州。
考查动词的时态。根据“many years ago”可知，此处是一般过去时，故动词需用其过去式。故选C。
4．（2024·河北邢台·三模）Jack ________ at his uncle’s for 5 days and he is now at home.
A．had stayed B．is staying C．stayed D．were staying
【答案】C
【详解】句意：杰克在他叔叔家待了五天，他现在在家。根据“for 5 days”和“he is now at home”可知，他现在在家，之前待在叔叔家，是过去的动作，因此时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式stayed。故选C。
5．（2024·天津武清·三模）—Have you ever taken the high-speed train from Tianjin to Beijing
—Yes, I ________ it last summer. It’s fast and convenient.
A．am taking B．took C．take D．will take、
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——您坐过从天津到北京的高铁吗？——是的，我去年夏天乘坐的。又快又方便。
考查一般过去时。am taking现在进行时；took一般过去时；take一般现在时；will take一般将来时。根据“last summer”可知时态是一般过去时。故选B。
五、选择疑问句。
1. 选择疑问句表示提供两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方在所提供的范围、对象内选择。在所提供的最后一个备选对象前面用表示选择关系的并列连词or连接。
2. 选择疑问句的结构
1）、“一般疑问句+or+另一个备选对象”。
eg：Shall we go there by bus, bike or train 我们乘公共汽车、自行车还是火车去？
Would you like some tea or coffee 你要茶水还是咖啡？
Did you stay at home or at school yesterday 你昨天呆在家还是在学校？
2）、“特殊疑问句+or+另一个备选对象”。
eg：Which would you like best, English, Chinese or Math 你最喜欢哪门学科，英语、语文还是数学？
When will you go to Canada, Sunday or Monday 你何时去加拿大，星期天还是星期一？
3. 回答选择疑问句时，一般在所提供的备选对象范围内选择，有时也要视具体情况作灵活处理，但不能用Yes / No来回答，一般用一个完整的陈述句或其简略形式，主语和谓语均省略。
eg：－Which is bigger, Beijing or New York 哪个城市大些，北京还是纽约？
－ Beijing.
－ When will he leave for London, today or tomorrow 他何时动身去伦敦，今天还是明天？
－ Tomorrow.
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·吉林长春·三模）—How do you get to school, by bus or on foot
—________. I think walking is good exercise.
A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．By bus D．On foot
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你怎么去学校，坐公共汽车还是步行？ ——步行。我认为走路是很好的锻炼。
考查选择疑问句。Yes, I do是的；No, I don’t不，不是；By bus坐公交；On foot步行。根据“I think walking is good exercise.”可知此处的回答是步行。故选D。
2．（2024·云南楚雄·一模）—Are you going to buy the green skirt or the blue one
—________. Green is always my first choice.
A．Yes, I am B．No, I’m not C．The green one D．The blue one
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你打算买那条绿色的裙子还是那条蓝色的？——绿色的那个。绿色总是我的第一选择。
考查选择疑问句。根据“Are you going to buy the green skirt or the blue one ”可知，此句是选择疑问句，需要作出选择，排除选项A和B；结合“Green is always my first choice.”，喜欢绿色的裙子，故选C。
3．（2024·吉林长春·一模）—Which season do you like better, winter or summer
—________. I like playing with snow.
A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Winter D．Summer
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——冬天和夏天，你更喜欢哪个季节？——冬天。我喜欢玩雪。
考查疑问句。Yes, I do是的，我喜欢；No, I don’t不，我不喜欢；Winter冬天；Summer夏天。根据“I like playing with snow.”可知喜欢冬天。故选C。
4．（2024·湖南怀化·一模）—Is going to bed early good or bad
—________.
A．Yes, it is. B．No, I don’t think so. C．It’s good.
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——早睡是好是坏？——是好的。
考查选择疑问句。题中“Is going to bed early good or bad ”是选择疑问句，不能用Yes或No回答，应回答选择对象“good or bad”中的一个，故选C。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
第5讲 七年级下 Units9--12
重 点 单 词 ___________ nose n. 鼻子 ___________ mouth n. 嘴 ___________ height n. 身高；高度 ___________ heavy adj. 重的 ___________ tonight adv.&n. （在）今晚；（在）今夜 ___________ cinema n. 电影院 ___________ each adj.&pron. 每个；各自 ___________ another adj.&pron. 另一；又一 ___________ real adj. 真正的；真实的 ___________ noodle n. 面条 ___________ beef n. 牛肉 ___________ potato n. 土豆；马铃薯 ___________ straight adj. 直的 ___________ tall adj. 高的 ___________ cake n. 蛋糕 ___________ candle n. 蜡烛 ___________ age n. 年龄 ___________ if conj. 如果 ___________ glasses（pl.） n. 眼镜 ___________ handsome adj. 英俊的 ___________ person n. 人 ___________ face n. 脸 ___________ artist n. 艺术家 ___________ special n. 特色菜；特价品 adj. 特别的；特殊的 ___________ large adj. 大号的；大的 ___________ meat n. 肉 ___________ beach n. 海滩；沙滩 ___________ sheep n. 羊；绵羊 ___________ natural adj. 自然的 ___________ tired adj. 疲倦的；疲劳的 ___________ language n. 语言 ___________ kite n. 风筝 ___________ ago adv. 以前 ___________ exciting adj. 使人兴奋的；令人激动的 ___________ lovely adj. 可爱的 ___________ expensive adj. 昂贵的 ___________ dumpling n. 饺子 ___________ fish n. 鱼；鱼肉 ___________ answer n. 答案 v. 回答 ___________ candy n. 糖果 ___________ lucky adj. 幸运的 ___________ idea n. 想法；主意 ___________ feed v. 喂养；饲养 ___________ farmer n. 农民；农场主 ___________ quite adv. 相当；完全 ___________ painting n. 油画；绘画 ___________ worry v.&n. 担心；担忧 ___________ museum n. 博物馆 ___________ camp v. 扎营；扎帐篷 ___________ lake n. 湖；湖泊 ___________ slow adj. 缓慢的；迟缓的 ___________ fast adv.&adj. 快地（的） ___________ guide n. 导游；向导 ___________ interested adj. 感兴趣的 ___________ dark adj. 黑暗的；昏暗的 ___________ hear v. 听到；听见 ___________ anything pron. 任何东西；任何事物 ___________ pick v. 采；摘 ___________ excellent adj. 极好的；优秀的 ___________ yesterday adv. 昨天 ___________ flower n. 花 ___________ India n. 印度 ___________ moon n. 月亮 ___________ surprise n. 惊奇；惊讶 v. 使吃惊 ___________ snake n. 蛇 ___________ move v. 移动 ___________ forest n. 森林
词 汇 拓 展 high adj.高的→__________ (n.)高度；身高 surprise v.& n.使吃惊；惊讶；惊喜→__________ (adj.)令人惊奇的→__________ (adj.)感到惊讶的 thin adj.瘦的→__________ (比较级)→__________ (最高级) grow v.成长→__________ (n.)成长；生长；发育 worry v.& n.担心；关心→__________ (adj.)担心的；焦急的 mouse n.老鼠；耗子→__________ (复数) fly v.飞→__________ (单三) describe v.描述→__________ (n.)描述；描绘 special adj.& n.特别的；特色菜→__________ (adv.) 专门地；特意地 little adj.少的；小的→__________ (比较级)→__________ (最高级) exciting adj.令人激动的→__________ (v.)使激动；使兴奋→__________ (adj.)感到兴奋的；激动的 cheap adj.便宜的→__________ (adv.)便宜地；低廉地→__________ (adj.)贵的 (反义词) act v.行动→__________ (adj.)忙碌的；活跃的→__________ (n.)演员→__________ (n.)行动 different adj.→__________ (adv.)不同地→__________ (n.)不同 wake v.弄醒→__________ (adj.)醒着的 person n.人→__________ (adj.)个人的；私人的 nature n.自然→__________ (adj.)自然的 slow adj.缓慢的→__________ (adv.) 缓慢地
重 点 短 语 给……带来好运 _____________ 去散步 _____________ 某人的生活习惯 _____________ 搭起；举起 _____________ 一(大)碗…… _____________ 带领某人参观 . _____________ 许多 _____________ 在乡下；在农村 _____________ 消防站 _____________ 总的来说 _____________ 对……感兴趣 _____________ 互相；彼此 _____________ 吃惊 _____________ 朝外看 _____________ 中等身高 _____________ 一点；少量 _____________ 最后 _____________ 戴眼镜 _____________ 画一张……的图 _____________ 放风筝 _____________ 如此……以至于 _____________ 深夜不睡；熬夜 _____________ 冲……大声叫嚷 _____________ 对……大声喊叫 _____________ 跑开 _____________ 世界各地 _____________ 吹灭 _____________ 受欢迎；流行 _____________ 切碎 _____________ 上上下下；起伏 _____________ 生火 _____________ 把……弄醒… _____________ 点菜 _____________ (表示意愿)愿意；喜欢 _____________ ……的数目 _____________ 许愿 _____________
重 点 句 型 —____ he tall ____ short 他个头高还是矮呢？ —He ____ tall ____ short.He's ________.他既不高也不矮,中等个头。 —What does he ______？他长什么样？ —He's really ____.他长得很高。 —________ noodles would you like 您要什么面？ —I'd like beef noodles,please.牛肉面吧。 —______ would you like 您要什么碗的(面) —I'd like ________,please.大碗的吧。 Many people don't always see things ________ so they may describe the same person ____.人们并非总是以同样的方式看待事物,所以他们会将同一个人描述得不一样。 ________,it was an exciting day.总之,这是令人兴奋的一天。 I'm not ______ that.我对那并不感兴趣。 What ____ you ____？您需要什么？ We __________！ 我们玩得非常开心！ I ____ a lot of great ____,too.我也拍了好多精彩的照片。 I worked ________ at the Natural History Museum.我在自然历史博物馆当一名导游。 They have a beautiful house ____ over kinds of butterflies！它们(指博物馆)有一个漂亮的房子,里面有多种蝴蝶！ Well,son,that's why __________ a second language.所以儿子,这就是为什么学习一门外语很重要。 ______ any vegetables in the beef soup 牛肉汤里有蔬菜吗？ I ______ onions,green tea ____ porridge.我不喜欢吃洋葱,也不喜欢喝绿茶和粥。
知识点
考点一 number的用法
【教材原句】 The number of candles is the person's age. 蜡烛的数量就是这个人的年龄。
◆ 辨析the number of与a number of
the number of 表示“……的数量”，中心词是number，跟复数名词连用作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 eg：The number of the candles is the person's age. 蜡烛的数量是这个人的年龄。
a number of 表示“许多”，相当于many，修饰可数名词复数。跟复数名词连用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。number前可用large，small等修饰，表示程度。 eg：A number of students are planting trees on the hill. 许多学生在小山上植树。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·甘肃甘南）Don’t worry. There are ________ possible solutions to the problem.
A．the number of B．very few C．a number of
考点二 order的用法
【教材原句】 May I take your order？您现在点菜吗？
（1）order 作名词，意为“点菜；秩序；顺序”
take one's order 点菜
in order 井然有序
out of order 出故障
（2）order 作动词，意为“点；订购；命令”
order sb.sth.= order sth.for sb.为某人点/订购某物
order a meal点餐
order sb. (not) to do sth.命令某人(不要)做某事
eg：The general issued an order to attack at dawn. 将军下达了黎明发起进攻的命令。
Please stand in order of height for the photo. 请按照身高顺序站好拍照。
The teacher ordered the students to stay after class. 老师吩咐学生们下课后留下来。
She ordered a coffee and a croissant at the café. 她在咖啡馆点了一杯咖啡和一个羊角面包。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·日照）Kate's room is in good o____, and everything is in its proper place.
考点三 lucky的用法
【教材原句】 The child with the candy is lucky. 那个拿到糖果的孩子是幸运的。
lucky 形容词，意为“幸运的”。
词形变化：
unlucky adj. 幸运的
luck n. 幸运
luckily adv. 幸运地
unluckily adv. 不幸地
短语搭配：
good/bad luck好运/不幸
eg：Our dog is very lucky; he never gets sick. 我们的狗很幸运，它从来不生病。
I was so lucky to win the lottery ticket. It was really unexpected. 我很幸运中了彩票。这真的太出乎意料了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·山东青岛·二模）The snow was heavy, but ________, it didn’t cause any serious accidents.
A．suddenly B．hardly C．badly D．luckily
2．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔）Remember this, kids. The harder you work, the ________ you will be.
A．worse B．luckier C．easier
考点四 so...that...的用法
【教材原句】 But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 但是我太累了，所以很早就去睡了。
so…that… 如此……以至于…… 引导结果状语从句
so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”。so后面要跟形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句。
e.g. I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 我太累了，所以早早就睡着了。
He speaks so fast that I can hardly understand him.他说得如此快，以至于我几乎不能理解他。
so...that...的否定结构和too...to...结构可以互换。
e.g. The woman was so weak that she couldn't stand up.=The woman was too weak to stand up.这位妇女身体太虚弱了，以至于站不起来。
so...that...结构和...enough to...结构可以互换。
e.g. The film was so interesting that I saw it again and again.=The film was interesting enough for me to see again and again.这部电影如此有趣，以至于我看了一遍又一遍。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·内蒙古）Our teacher asks us to read newspapers every day ________ we can find out what’s going on around the world.
A．so that B．even though C．in order to D．as soon as
2．（2023·福建·三模）—Why don’t your grandparents live with you
—They prefer living in the village ________ they can get closer to nature.
A．so that B．as soon as C．even though
3．（2023·安徽安庆·三模）To encourage people to come to the city, Zibo set up a special “barbecue（烧烤）map”and added 21 new barbecue bus lines ________ people can “get on the bus to rest, get off to eat.”
A．even though B．although C．since D．so that
4．（2023·海南海口·二模）The football fans cheered on the players ________ their teams could win.
A．so that B．even though C．ever since
考点五 surprise的用法
surprise v. 使吃惊
辨析surprise/surprising/surprised
surprise v. 使惊讶，使意外 surprise sb.使某人惊讶
n. 惊奇，惊讶 give sb.a surprise给某人一个惊喜 to one's surprise令某人吃惊的是 in surprise惊奇地
surprising adj. 令人惊奇的 在句中作定语或表语，常用来修饰事物
surprised adj. 惊讶的，惊奇的 在句中作表语，常用来说明人。 be surprised at对……感到吃惊 be surprised to do对做……感到吃惊
一言辨异：To my surprise,Li Ming was not surprised at the surprising news.使我感到吃惊的是，李明对这个令人震惊的消息并不感到惊讶。
eg：To his surprise, he found that he had won the first prize in the contest. 令他惊讶的是，他发现自己在竞赛中获得了一等奖。
She looked at him in surprise when he suddenly proposed. 当他突然求婚时，她惊讶地看着他。
◆ 精题巧练
1.（2023·甘肃武威）I opened the door and all my friends shouted “Happy Birthday!” I had no idea they were coming. I was so ________.
A．interested B．surprised C．interesting D．surprising
2．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—Billy used to be shy and quiet, but he is very outgoing now.
—Yes. We are all ________ at his changes.
A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising
考点六 high的用法
high 形容词或者副词，意为“高的（地）”，表示高度，或者程度高。
e.g He climbed high.他爬得很高。
词形变化：
highly 副词，意为“非常”
height 名词，意为“身高；高度”
highly作为副词，主要强调某种程度达到一定的高度，如“高度评价”、“高度赞扬”等。
e.g He speaks very highly of you.他十分赞赏你。
His report is highly scientific.他的报告是很科学的。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Dressing up as a ghost is ________ unusual in our culture. People think it will bring bad luck.
A．hardly B．hard C．highly D．high
2．（2023·福建泉州·二模）—It’s reported that the ________ of Qomolangma is 8848.86 meters.
—Right! It also says the mount keeps growing every year.
A．weight B．height C．size
3．（2023·广西南宁·二模）—What’s your brother’s ________
—It’s about 1.83 metres. He is the tallest in his class.
A．weight B．height C．age
考点七 popular的用法
popular 形容词，意为“流行的，受欢迎的，普遍的”
常用短语搭配：
be popular in 在某个地方或范围内受欢迎。
be popular among/with 在某个群体或人中受欢迎。
be popular for 因某种特性或原因而受欢迎。
get popular 受欢迎，流行起来
e.g. The band's music is popular in the country. 该乐队的音乐在这个国家很受欢迎。
The movie is popular among young people. 这部电影在年轻人中很受欢迎。
He is popular with our classmates. 他在我们班里很受欢迎。
The recipe is popular for its simplicity.这个食谱因其简单而受欢迎。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Hua Hua—a panda at Chengdu Giant Panda Base is ________ because of her cute looks.
A．popular B．public C．proper D．private
考点八 interested的用法
词形变换：
interest n.兴趣 v. 使......感兴趣
interested adj. 感兴趣的 用来表示人的主观感受
interested与interesting的用法
interesting adj. “有趣的”，用来修饰事物。
an interesting film一部有趣的电影
interested adj.“感兴趣的”，用来说明人，而不是物。
e.g. My brother is interested in music.我哥哥对音乐感兴趣。
短语搭配：take an interest in对……感兴趣
be/get/become interested in对……感兴趣
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨）—Did you go on a school trip last weekend
—Yes. We visited the science museum. It was really ________ and all of us enjoyed ourselves.
A．interested B．boring C．interesting
2．(2024云南) I like traveling because I can meet some ______________ people and things along the way.（interest）
考点九 exciting的用法
exciting表示“令人兴奋的”，主语通常为事物或活动，而非人。可作定语或表语：
定语 ：an exciting game（激动人心的比赛）
表语 ：The news is exciting.（这消息令人兴奋）
exciting 和excited区别
exciting 描述事物本身具有的刺激性（修饰物）
excited 表示人的感受（修饰人）
e.g. I’m excited about the trip.我对旅行感到兴奋
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·黑龙江）It makes me ________ to watch National Women’s Volleyball Team’s matches.
A．feel exciting B．to feel excited C．feel excited
2．（2024·四川乐山）—Hi, you look ________. Why are you so happy today
—Can you believe it I have just met Miss Zhou, my first teacher!
A．excited B．exciting C．excite
考点十 tired的用法
tired adj. 疲劳的，厌倦的
tired作表语，表示“疲劳的”或“厌倦的”，主语通常是人。
e.g. She looks very tired. 她看起来很疲惫。
I’m tired of hearing the same excuse. 我厌倦了同样的借口。
辨析tired和 tiring
tired 表示人自身的感受；tiring 描述事物“令人疲劳的”（修饰物）。
e.g. The job is tiring. 这工作很累人。
He felt tired after work. 工作后他感到疲惫。
固定搭配
be tired of ：表示“对……感到厌烦”（精神上的厌倦）。
e.g She is tired of doing homework.她厌倦了做作业。
be tired from ：表示“因……而疲劳”（身体上的劳累）。
e.g He was tired from running.他跑步后很累。
be tired with ：表示“因某事感到不耐烦”。
e.g You might be tired with reading, but don’t be tired of it. 看书可能使你疲劳，但不该厌烦它。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·福建）David is really ________ after the 1000-meter race, so he has to take a rest.
A．worried B．bored C．tired
考点十一 put up的用法
put up 建造；搭建；举起；张贴
【拓展】
put back 把......放回原处
put down 放下；写下
put off 推迟；拖延
put through接通电话
put on 增加（体重）；穿上；表演
put out 熄灭
put away 收起来
put in 安装
eg：We put up our tents near the lake for the weekend camping trip. 我们在湖边搭起了帐篷，准备周末露营。
They put up a picture of their dog on the wall. 他们在墙上挂了他们狗狗的照片。
He quickly put up his hand when the teacher asked a question. 老师提问时，他很快举起了手。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·湖北鄂州）—How was your camping in Sifeng Mountain last weekend
—It was great. We ________ our tents on the top of the mountain and enjoyed ourselves.
A．put up B．put off C．put on D．put away
2．（2023·江苏扬州）Paper cut-outs of “double happiness” are often ________ in the married couple’s home to bring good wishes.
A．put back B．put up C．put on D．put off
3．（2023·江苏徐州）I loved the book so much that I could hardly ________.
A．put it up B．put it down C．put it on D．put it out
4．（2023·湖北孝感）—Look at the sign. What does it mean
—It means we should ________ the rubbish ________ the proper rubbish bins.
A．put; into B．throw; around C．mix; into D．try; on
5．（2023·辽宁丹东）On September 1, students ________ their new school uniforms to go to school happily.
A．take off B．give away C．make up D．put on
考点十二 move的用法
move v. 移动，搬动
相关短语：
move around 不停地走动，围绕...转
move on 往前走
move to sp. 搬往某地
move away 搬走；离开
move in 搬到某处；迁入
e.g. I’m going to move somewhere interesting.我打算搬到有趣的地方居住。
【拓展】moved和moving
moved adj. 感动的，人做主语。
moving adj. 令人感动的，作定语或物做主语。
e.g. The novel is so moving and I was moved by the story.这本小说太感人了，我被里面的故事感动了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·青海）We are deeply _________ by the story of Mu Shengzhong, whose team started building road in Haixi in the 1950s.
A．hurt B．moved C．troubled
考点十三 describe的用法
describe v. 描述
常见短语
describe sb/sth as + 形容词/名词 将……描述为……
describe to sb 向某人描述
e.g. She described the scene to the police in detail. 她向警方详细描述了现场。
He described her as intelligent and creative. 他形容她聪明且有创造力。
Can you describe the suspect’s appearance 你能描述嫌疑人的外貌吗？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·湖北武汉）—Can you ________ your new coach
—Hmm…I think he’s very intelligent and humorous.
A．believe B．describe C．support D．follow
考点十四 pick up的用法
pick up 拾起；捡起
pick up是“动词+副词”型短语，代词作宾语时必须放中间。
eg：Carol picked some strawberries and took them home.卡罗尔摘了一些草莓并把它们带回了家里。
children are picking tomatoes in the garden. 孩子们正在园子里摘西红柿。
pick up 开始从事，学会
eg：She picked up French while traveling in Paris. 她在巴黎旅行时学会了法语。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·江苏徐州）I am planning to ________ the new hobby in the summer holiday. I won’t spend my spare time on my mobile phone all day long.
A．pick up B．turn up C．get up D．look up
考点十五 hear的用法
hear v. 听见，听说
hear可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。
常用短语及搭配
① hear of 表示“听说过”（某人/事物）。
e.g Have you ever heard of quantum physics 你听说过量子物理吗。
I’ve never heard of that restaurant. 我从没听说过那家餐厅。
② hear from 表示“收到某人的消息”（如信件、电话等）。
e.g I haven’t heard from my brother in months. 我几个月没收到哥哥的消息了。
③ hear about 表示“听说（某事）”，强调间接得知。
e.g We heard about the earthquake on TV. 我们从电视上得知地震的消息。
④ hear sb do sth 表示“听见某人做过某事”（强调动作的完成或习惯性）。
e.g I heard him play the piano every night. 我每晚都听见他弹钢琴。
⑤ hear sb doing sth 表示“听见某人正在做某事”（强调动作进行中）。
e.g I heard the baby crying upstairs. 我听到婴儿在楼上哭。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川乐山）—I ________ Mike on Monday. He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter.
—Do we accept his invitation We haven’t met him for 3 years.
A．heard from B．came from C．suffered from
考点十六 run away的用法
run away from 逃避，从...逃走
e.g. The young man ran away when he saw a big bear.那个年轻人看到一只大熊就跑掉了。
The boy ran away from the back door.这男孩从后门逃跑了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔）When you are in trouble, a friend who ________ from you is not a true one.
A．takes away B．gives away C．runs away
考点十七 worry的用法
worry 意为“担心/担忧”可以作名词，也可以作动词。
作名词，作 不可数名词 ，泛指“担忧/焦虑”的情绪，作 可数名词， 指“具体的烦恼/烦心事”。
e.g. Her face showed signs of worry. 她脸上露出担忧。
Financial worries keep him awake. 经济上的烦恼让他失眠。
作不及物动词，表示“担心/担忧”某人或某事，需搭配介词 about 。
e.g. Don’t worry about the results. 别担心结果。
Are you worrying about what to wear 你在为穿什么发愁吗？
及物动词（+ 宾语） 表示“使某人担心/困扰”，直接接人作宾语。
e.g. His silence worried me. 他的沉默让我担心。
The problem is worrying the whole team. 问题困扰着整个团队。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·甘肃陇南·三模）Before an exam, it is important to stay relaxed and calm.
A．asleep B．excited C．nervous D．not worried
考点十八 a little的用法
a little一点儿；少量
辨析a little/a few/little/few
肯定意义 否定意义 后接名词
a little. little 不可数名词
a few few 可数名词复数
【特别提醒】
a few=several，意为“几个；若干”。
a little=a bit=kind of可以表示程度，意为“有点儿”，修饰形容词或副词。
little可以表示感彩较浓的“小”。
e.g. I know chess a little.我对国际象棋了解一点儿。
a little boy一个小男孩
◆ 精题巧练
1 . （2023·上海）I can't give you any advice on farming because I know _______ about it.
A.a few B.few C．a little D.little
2 .（2024·西藏） Although he is new in this city, he doesn't feel lonely because he has _______ friends.
A. afew B.few C. a little D．little
语法点
一、形容词的用法
1. 形容词的定义
形容词是用来修饰名词或者部分代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。
2. 形容词的的用法
1）、作表语。
形容词常常用在系动词 be, look, get, become, feel, taste, smell, seem, sound等后面作表语。
①放在状态系动词（Be动词）之后。
e.g. The bike is expensive.这俩自行车很贵。
②放在持续系动词之后。
e.g. You must keep warm. 你一定要保暖。
He always stays happy in class. 他总是在课堂上保持快乐。
③放在seem之后。
e.g. He seems very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
④放在感官系动词之后。
e.g. The scarf feels soft.这条围巾感觉柔软。
This flower smells nice. 这朵花闻起来很香。
He looks polite.他看起来很有礼貌。
⑤放在变化系动词之后。
e.g. The leaves turn green. 叶子变绿了。
The egg becomes bigger. 鸡蛋变得更大了。
2）、作定语。
形容词常常用在名词的前面，用于修饰名词（中心词）。
e.g. She is a good student.她是一个好学生。
I have an old friend.我有一个老朋友。
She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。
【注意】：复合形容词作前置定语时，各词用原形且用连字符“-”连接。
e.g. Last year we built a thirteen-storey-high building. 去年，我们盖了一栋十三层的高楼。
3、作宾语补足语。
形容词常用在动词make, keep, think, find等后面作宾语补足语。
e.g. Her words made me very happy. 她的话让我很高兴。
This can make life difficult. 这会使生活变得困难。
I think it necessary for us to have a good rest after the boring work.我认为对我们来说，在烦闷的工作之后好好休息是有必要的。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—Hi, you look ________. Why are you so happy today
—Can you believe it I have just met Miss Zhou, my first teacher!
A．excited B．exciting C．excite
2．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）I could ________ understand what he was saying because it’s ________ to follow a quick speaker.
A．hard; hardly B．hard; hard C．hardly; hard
3．（2024·甘肃天水·三模）—I don’t know how to get on with others.
—Be friendly. That will make it a lot ________.
A．easy B．easily C．more easily D．easier
二、would like句型
would like用来表达意愿，意为“想要”，相当于want, 但比want委婉。
would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为“’d”, 与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。
1. I’d like=I would like，would like相当于want，意为“想要”。常见用法有三种：
（1）would like sth.想要某物
e.g. I would (I’d) like some noodles.我想吃一些面条。
（2）would like to do sth.想要做某事
e.g. I would (I’d) like to play the piano 我想要弹钢琴。
（3）would like sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事
e.g. I would like him to help me. 我想要他帮助我。
2.Would you like sth. 你想要某物吗 （表示客气请求，句中用some而不用any）
肯定答语：Yes,please.
否定答语：No,thanks.
e.g. —Would you like some ice cream 你想要一些冰激凌吗？
—Yes, please.. 是的，可以。
3.Would you like to do sth. 你愿意做某事吗 （表示邀请、建议）
肯定答语：Yes,I’d love/like to.
否定答语：I’d love/like to，but I have to...
（说明具体原因）
—Would you like to go shopping with us 你想要/愿意和我们一起去购物吗？
—Yes, I’d like/love to. 是的，我愿意。
—Sorry, I have a lot of homework to do. 对不起，我有很多作业要写。
—I’d love to, but I am too busy.我非常愿意，但是我太忙了。
辨析would like/want/feel like
1.would like/want两个后接名词、不定式或复合宾语，而feel like后接动词-ing形式。
2.would like比want语气更委婉。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·安徽芜湖·三模）—Would you like to go to the science museum with me tomorrow
—_________. I can’t wait for the robot show there.
A．I don’t mind B．Sure, I’d love to
C．It doesn’t matter D．Of course not
2．（2024·黑龙江双鸭山·一模）—Would you like some bread
—________. I’m a little hungry.
A．Yes, please B．No, thank you C．Yes, I’d love to
3．（2024·西藏日喀则·一模）—Are you free next Saturday evening, Mary I’d like to invite you to the concert with me.
—________
A．Don’t worry about it. B．Here you are.
C．Let me carry it for you. D．Thanks a lot. I’d love to.
三、some与any
some和any表示“一些”时，既可以修饰可数名词；也可以修饰不可数名词，一般来说，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句中。
e.g. Here is some milk for you.这儿有一些牛奶给你。
I would like some grapes.我想要一些葡萄。
I don't want any coffee. 我不想要咖啡。
I can't eat any candies.我不能吃一些糖果。
There is some milk in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些牛奶。
There aren't any books on the desk. 课桌上没有书。
【拓展】如果some用在了疑问句时，它表示请求，建议，邀请等，希望得到对方肯定回答。
e.g. Can I have some milk？我能喝一些牛奶吗？
Would you like some coffee？你想喝咖啡吗？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·吉林四平·三模）He doesn’t have ________ friends in his new school, does he
A．much B．some C．any
2．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）—Tony, are there ________ milk and vegetables in the fridge
— Let me see. Oh, there are ________ in it.
A．some; some B．any; some C．any; any D．some; any
3．（2024·广西河池·一模）—Would you like ________ coffee
—Yes, please.
A．any B．some C．many
4．（2024·天津·一模）—Have we got _______ apples
—No, we haven’t. We’ve got _______ oranges.
A．any; any B．some; any C．some; some D．any; some
四、一般过去时
1. 一般过去时态的用法
(1) 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态
e.g. He bought the computer five years ago. 这电脑是他五年前买的。
It was then a small fishing village．那时它只是一个小渔村。
(2) 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作
e.g. We often played together when we were children．我们小时候常在一起玩。
2.时间状语
与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）, last night（昨晚）, last week（上个星期）, four days ago（四天前）, in 2002（在2002年）, just now（刚才）, the day before yesterday（前天）等。
e.g. He went to the park yesterday. 她昨天去了花园。
I was ten years old in 2001. 我2001年才10岁。
3.动词过去式的变化规则
动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则：
(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。
play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。
like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。
(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加—ed。
supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.
(4) 在以重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。
plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.
不规则需要逐个记忆：
am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn't）
are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren't）
4. 一般过去时的结构
（1）be动词的一般过去时
be动词的一般过去时有was，were二种形式，由主语的人称和数来决定用哪一种。
人称 主语 汉语 肯定 否定 主语 汉语 肯定 否定
第一人称 I 我 was wasn't we 我们 were weren't
第二人称 you 你 were weren't you 你们 were weren't
第三人称 he 他 was wasn't they 他们 were weren't
she 她 was wasn't 她们
it 它 was wasn't 它们
单三 主语 was wasn't 复数 主语 were weren't
（2）be动词的一般过去时句式结构：
① 肯定句：主语+be(was/were)+其他.
eg：I was very tired last night. 我昨天晚上很累。
Mike was a teacher. 迈克以前是个老师。
You were absent from school two days ago. 两天前你没到校。
② 否定句：主语+be(was/were)+not+其他.
eg I wasn't busy the other day. 前几天我不忙。
Mike wasn't at school. 迈克不在学校。
They weren't Germans. 他们不是德国人。
③ 一般疑问句：Be(was/were)+主语+其他？
肯定回答：Yes,主语+be(was/were).
否定回答：No,主语+be(was/were) not.
eg：－Was she a teacher 她以前是个老师吗？－Yes, she was. 是的，她是。
－Were they doctors 他们以前是医生吗？－Yes, they were. 是的，他们是。
－Was your father free this morning 今天上午你爸有空吗？－No, he wasn't. 不，他没空。
－Were they in the garden 他们在花园里吗？－No,they weren't. 不，他们不在。
④ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词的一般疑问句
eg：－Where was Lucy last year 去年露西在哪儿？
－She was in Shanghai. 她在上海。
－Where were you yesterday morning 你昨天上午在哪儿呢？
－I was at school. 我在学校。
（3）行为动词的一般过去时句式结构：
① 肯定句：主语+行为动词的过去式+其他.
eg：He had a good time yesterday. 昨天他过得很高兴。
I saw a film last week. 上周我看了一部电影。
We said goodbye to Lucy at five. 5点钟时，我们和露西告别。
Mike rushed into the room. 迈克冲进了房间。
② 否定句：主语+did not+动词原形+其他.
eg：We did not have a good time yesterday. 昨天我们过得不好。
Brant didn't do his homework. 布兰特没做作业。
You didn't do your best to do it. 你没有尽力去做。
③ 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did.
否定回答：No, 主语+did not.
eg：－Did he go there 他去那儿了吗？
－Yes, he did./No, he didn't. 是的,他去了。/不,他没去。
－Did you telephone your uncle yesterday 你昨天给你叔叔打电话了吗？
－Yes,I did. 是的,我打了。/No,I didn't. 不,我没打。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川乐山·一模）—I wonder what makes you a successful manager.
—I ________ as a waiter for five years and it makes a lot of contributions to my today’s work.
A．serve B．have served C．served
2．（2024·云南德宏·一模）I ________ quite excited when I was watching the film YOLO (热辣滚烫).
A．felt B．feels C．feel D．will feel
3．（2024·江西上饶·二模）I live in Beijing now, but I ________ in Guangzhou many years ago.
A．were living B．are living C．lived D．have lived
4．（2024·河北邢台·三模）Jack ________ at his uncle’s for 5 days and he is now at home.
A．had stayed B．is staying C．stayed D．were staying
5．（2024·天津武清·三模）—Have you ever taken the high-speed train from Tianjin to Beijing
—Yes, I ________ it last summer. It’s fast and convenient.
A．am taking B．took C．take D．will take、
五、选择疑问句
1. 选择疑问句表示提供两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方在所提供的范围、对象内选择。在所提供的最后一个备选对象前面用表示选择关系的并列连词or连接。
2. 选择疑问句的结构
1）、“一般疑问句+or+另一个备选对象”。
eg：Shall we go there by bus, bike or train 我们乘公共汽车、自行车还是火车去？
Would you like some tea or coffee 你要茶水还是咖啡？
Did you stay at home or at school yesterday 你昨天呆在家还是在学校？
2）、“特殊疑问句+or+另一个备选对象”。
eg：Which would you like best, English, Chinese or Math 你最喜欢哪门学科，英语、语文还是数学？
When will you go to Canada, Sunday or Monday 你何时去加拿大，星期天还是星期一？
3. 回答选择疑问句时，一般在所提供的备选对象范围内选择，有时也要视具体情况作灵活处理，但不能用Yes / No来回答，一般用一个完整的陈述句或其简略形式，主语和谓语均省略。
eg：－Which is bigger, Beijing or New York 哪个城市大些，北京还是纽约？
－ Beijing.
－ When will he leave for London, today or tomorrow 他何时动身去伦敦，今天还是明天？
－ Tomorrow.
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·吉林长春·三模）—How do you get to school, by bus or on foot
—________. I think walking is good exercise.
A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．By bus D．On foot
2．（2024·云南楚雄·一模）—Are you going to buy the green skirt or the blue one
—________. Green is always my first choice.
A．Yes, I am B．No, I’m not C．The green one D．The blue one
3．（2024·吉林长春·一模）—Which season do you like better, winter or summer
—________. I like playing with snow.
A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Winter D．Summer
4．（2024·湖南怀化·一模）—Is going to bed early good or bad
—________.
A．Yes, it is. B．No, I don’t think so. C．It’s good.
