/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
第10讲 八年级上 Units9--10
重 点 单 词 hang v. 悬挂；垂下 catch v. 及时赶上；接住；抓住 flu n. 流行性感冒；流感 available adj. 有空的；可获得的 until conj.&prep. 到……时；直到……为止 weekday n. 工作日 reply v. 回答；答复 invite v. 邀请 accept v. 接受 refuse v. 拒绝 print v. 打印；印刷 sad adj. 悲哀的；难过的 glad adj. 高兴；愿意 glue n. 胶水 prepare v. 使做好准备；把……准备好 exam n. 考试 mistake n. 错误；失误 himself pron. 他自己 careful adj. 小心的；细致的；精心的；慎重的 advise v. 劝告；建议 solve v. 解决；解答 opening n. 开幕式；落成典礼 concert n. 音乐会；演奏会 event n. 大事；公开活动；比赛项目 guest n. 客人；宾客 calendar n. 日历；日程表 unless conj. 除非；如果不 certainly adv. 无疑；肯定；当然；行 wallet n. 钱包 mile n. 英里 angry adj. 发怒的；生气的 understanding adj. 善解人意的；体谅人的 careless adj. 粗心的；不小心的 daytime n. 白天；日间 meeting n. 会议；集会；会面 video n. 录像带；录像 step n. 步；步骤 trust v. 相信；信任 experience n. 经验；经历 else adv. 别的；其他的 forward v. 转寄；发送； adv. 向前；前进 delete v. 删除 without prep. 没有；不 surprised adj. 惊奇的；感觉意外的 organize v. 组织；筹备 normal adj. 正常的；一般的 chocolate n. 巧克力 upset adj. 难过；失望；沮丧 taxi n. 出租汽车；的士 travel v.&n. 旅行；游历 teenager n. 青少年
词 汇 拓 展 solve v. 解决→solution (n.)解决；解答；解决方法 normal adj. 正常的；一般的→normally (adv.)通常；正常情况下 catch v. 及时赶上；接住；抓住→catches ( 单三 ) opening n. 开幕式；落成典礼→open (v.& adj.)打开；开着的 advice n. 建议→advise (v.)建议 hang v. 悬挂；垂下→hung (过去式/过去分词) care v. 在意；关心；担忧→careful (adj.)小心的；慎重的→carefully (adv.)细致地；谨慎地 prepare v. 准备→preparation (n.)准备 invite v. 邀请→invitation (n.)邀请；请柬 certainly adv. 无疑；肯定；当然→certain (adj.)无疑的 travel v.& n. 旅行；游历→traveler (n.)旅行者 angry adj. 生气的→anger (n.)生气→angrily (adv.)发怒地；生气地 understand v. 理解；领会→understanding (adj.)善解人意的；体谅人的 meet v. 遇见；相逢→met (过去式 / 过去分词)→meeting (n.)会议；集会；会面 sad adj. 悲伤的→sadness (n.)悲哀；忧伤
重 点 短 语 为……做准备prepare for 得流感have the flu 去看医生go to the/a doctor 其他时间；别的时间another time 闲逛；常去某处hang out 前天the day before yesterday 后天the day after tomorrow 照料；照顾look after 拒绝turn down 去旅行take a trip (帮助……)分担工作、解决难题help out 盼望；期待look forward to 接到(某人的)信、电话等hear from 保守秘密 keep…to oneself 逃离 run away from 分成两半 in half
重 点 句 型 —Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon 你周六下午能来我的派对吗？ —Sure,I'd love to.当然,我很乐意。 I look forward to hearing from you all.我期待收到你们所有人的来信。 If you go to the party,you will have a great time！如果你去参加聚会,你将会玩得很开心！ I'm sad to see her go,and this party is the best way to say“Thank you and goodbye.”看到她走我很难过,并且这个聚会是跟她说“感谢和再见”最好的方式。 My family is taking a trip to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.这个月末我家要去武汉旅行并且看望我的婶婶和叔叔。 So you're halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it!因此,你只要跟人聊聊这个问题,你就已经解决了问题的一半。 Bring Ms.Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.在没有告知她的前提下,把斯蒂恩女士带来参加聚会,这样她会感到惊喜。 What will happen if they have the party today？如果他们今天举行聚会,将会发生什么？ Can you give me some advice please？请问你能给我一些建议吗？ Some people believe the worst thing is to do nothing.有些人相信最糟糕的事情是什么也不做。 But Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.但是萨姆直到下周三才离开。 Are you free to come to my place on Saturday？星期六你有空来我这里吗？ What a great idea it is!多棒的一个主意啊！ Let me know if you need my help.如果你需要我的帮助,让我知道。 To show how much we're going to miss her,let's have a surprise party for her！为了表示我们会有多想她,让我们为她办一个惊喜派对吧。 Unless we talk to someone,we will certainly feel worse.我们如果不与人聊聊,肯定会感觉更糟。
知识点
考点一 advise的用法
【教材原句】 Robert Hunt advises students about common problems. 罗伯特·亨特为学生们提供关于常见问题的建议。
advise v. 劝告；建议
词形变化：
advice n. 建议
suggestion n. 建议
suggest v. 建议
【注意】advice 不可数名词，suggestion 是可数名词
常见短语搭配：
advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事
ask sb. for advice 向某人寻求建议/征求意见
give sb. advice on/about sth. 就某事给某人建议
advise sb. about/on sth. 就某事向某人提建议
advise doing sth.建议做某事
take one's advice接受某人的建议
follow one's advice 遵循某人的建议
e.g. Can you give me some advice 你能给我一些建议吗？
Robert Hunt advises students about common problems.罗伯特·亨特就一些常见的问题给学生们提出建议，进行指导。
The minister advised him to leave as soon as possible. 部长建议他尽快离开。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·福建南平·一模）—Can you give me some ________ on learning English well
—OK. I think watching English programs is a good way.
A．news B．advice C．knowledge
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能给我一些学好英语的建议吗？——好的。我认为看英语节目是个好办法。
考查名词辨析。news新闻；advice建议；knowledge知识。根据“on learning English well”以及“watching English programs is a good way.”可知是学好英语的建议。故选B。
2．（2023·吉林长春·一模）— Jenny, you’d better follow the doctor’s _______ and eat more fruit and vegetables.
— I will. Thank you.
A．decision B．agreement C．information D．advice
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——珍妮，你最好听从医生的建议，多吃水果和蔬菜。 ——我会的。谢谢你。
考查名词辨析。decision决定；agreement同意；information信息；advice建议。根据“follow the doctor’s … and eat more fruit and vegetables”可知，此处指听从医生的建议，故选D。
考点二 prepare的用法
【教材原句】I have to prepare for an exam. 我得为一场考试做准备。
prepare 动词，意为“准备”。 现在分词preparing 过去式和过去分词prepared
词形变化：
preparation n. 准备
常见短语搭配：
be prepared for 为……做好准备
prepare sth.for 为………准备某物
prepare sb.for/to do sth. 使某人对(做)某事做好准备
be prepared to do sth. 乐意做某事
prepare for sth./to do sth. 准备(做)某事
eg: Our English teacher was preparing the lessons now. 我们的英语老师在备课。
Mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen now. 妈妈正在厨房做饭。
She prepared us a nice breakfast.= She prepared a nice breakfast for us. 她给我们准备了可口的早餐。
They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。
◆ 精题巧练
1. （2023江苏扬州）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club.
A. join B. joining C. to join D. to joining
【答案】C
【详解】句意：科学是我最喜欢的科目，所以我已经准备加入 STEAM俱乐部了。
考查非谓语动词。prepare to do sth“准备做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式，故选C。
考点三 until的用法
【教材原句】Oh, but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday. 哦，但是萨姆要到下周三才会离开。
not...until意为“直到……才……”，当它引导时间状语从句时，如果主句为一般过去时，从句使用一般过去时；如果主句使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时表将来。
例句：I won't leave until he comes back tomorrow.我要等他明天回来后再走。
until可用作介词，也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。有时可用till进行替换。
例句：He waited until/till she was about to leave.
until prep./conj. 到....时；直到....为止
【归纳】
①肯定句中， until“一直到....时(为止)” 或“在....之前”，句中的动词为持续性动词。
如：He studied until midnight last night / his father came back．
②否定句中，not...until..．“直到....才..."。如：
Linda didn't go to bed until ten last Monday evening / her sister turned off the TV.
◆ 精题巧练
1. （2023·辽宁本溪、葫芦岛）It’s raining too hard outside. We won’t leave ________ the rain stops.
A. if B. after C. when D. until
【答案】D
【详解】句意： 外面雨下得太大了。雨停了我们才能离开。
考查连词辨析。if如果；after在……之后；when当……时候；until直到。此处是not...until...“直到……才……”结构，故选D。
2.（2023·甘肃武威） Let’s wait ________ the rain stops.
A. so B. while C. since D. until
【答案】D
【详解】句意：让我们等雨停。
考查连词辨析。so因此；while然而；since自从；until直到……。根据“Let’s wait … the rain stops.”可知，此处指等着直到雨停，用until引导时间状语从句。故选D。
考点四 hear的用法
【教材原句】I look forward to hearing from you all. 我期待着收到你们大家的来信。
hear 动词，意为“听，听到，听说”
常见短语搭配：
hear sb./sth. doing sth. 听到某人/某物正在做某事
hear from sb. 收到某人的来信
hear of/about 听说
hear sb./sth. do sth. 听到某人/某物做了某事
e.g Have you ever heard of quantum physics 你听说过量子物理吗。
I’ve never heard of that restaurant. 我从没听说过那家餐厅。
I haven’t heard from my brother in months. 我几个月没收到哥哥的消息了。
We heard about the earthquake on TV. 我们从电视上得知地震的消息。
I heard him play the piano every night. 我每晚都听见他弹钢琴。
I heard the baby crying upstairs. 我听到婴儿在楼上哭。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I ________ Mike on Monday. He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter.
—Do we accept his invitation We haven’t met him for 3 years.
A．heard from B．came from C．suffered from
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我星期一收到迈克的信。他在信中邀请我们参观他的家乡。——我们接受他的邀请吗？我们有三年没见过他了。
考查动词短语辨析。heard from收到某人的来信；came from来自；suffered from遭受。根据“He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter.”可知，是迈克的来信，故选A。
考点五 careful的用法
careful adj. 小心的，仔细的
词汇拓展：
carefully adv. 小心地
carelessness n. 粗心
careless adj. 粗心的
短语搭配：
be careful with... 小心对待...
be careful not to do sth. 小心不要做某事
eg：You should be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时你应该小心。
◆ 精题巧练
1.（2023·湖北武汉）—Mary is ________ about what she eats. She never has junk food.
—A good habit.
A．careful B．angry C．nervous D．relaxed
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——玛丽对吃什么很小心。她从不吃垃圾食品。——一个好习惯。
考查形容词辨析。careful小心的；angry生气的；nervous紧张的；relaxed放松的。根据“She never has junk food”可知她不吃垃圾食品，所以对自己吃的东西非常小心。故选A。
2．（2023·安徽六安·三模）—You should be very ________ when you drive past the school gate.
—Yes, especially during the rush hours to and from school.
A．thankful B．honest C．careful D．general
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——当你开车经过学校大门时，你应该非常小心。——是的，尤其是在上下学的高峰期。
考查形容词词义辨析。thankful感谢的，欣慰的；honest诚实的；careful小心的；general大体的，一般的。根据“when you drive past the school gate当你开车经过学校大门时”可知，应当“小心驾驶”。故选C。
考点六 organize的用法
organize/organise 动词，意为“组织，筹备”，organized还可作形容词，意为“有组织的，有条理的”。
e.g. I believe I have the ability to organize a party. 我相信我有能力组织一次社交聚会。
Don’t ask them to organize the trip. They’ll only screw everything up. 别让他们组织此行。他们准得把一切都搞糟了。
An organized program of advertisements.有组织的大规模的广告计划。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）My cousin is ________. He never forgets the things he needs to do.
A．energetic B．curious C．organized D．confident
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我的表哥很有条理。他从不忘记他需要做的事情。
考查形容词辨析。energetic精力充沛的；curious好奇的；organized有条理的；confident自信的。根据“He never forgets the things he needs to do.”可知，他从不忘记他需要做的事情，说明他很有条理。故选C。
2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）My cousin is ________. He never forgets the things he needs to do.
A．energetic B．curious C．organized D．confident
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我的表哥很有条理。他从不忘记他需要做的事情。
考查形容词辨析。energetic精力充沛的；curious好奇的；organized有条理的；confident自信的。根据“He never forgets the things he needs to do.”可知，他从不忘记他需要做的事情，说明他很有条理。故选C。
考点七 surprised的用法
surprised adj. 惊讶的
词汇拓展：
surprise（名词，惊讶；动词，使惊讶）
surprising（形容词，令人惊讶的）
短语搭配：be surprised at...（对...感到惊讶）
to one's surprise（令某人惊讶的是）
例句：I was surprised at how quickly he finished the task.（我对他完成任务的速度感到惊讶。）
辨析surprise/surprising/surprised
surprise v. 使惊讶，使意外 surprise sb.使某人惊讶
n. 惊奇，惊讶 give sb.a surprise给某人一个惊喜 to one's surprise令某人吃惊的是 in surprise惊奇地
surprising adj. 令人惊奇的 在句中作定语或表语，常用来修饰事物
surprised adj. 惊讶的，惊奇的 在句中作表语，常用来说明人。 be surprised at对……感到吃惊 be surprised to do对做……感到吃惊
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—Billy used to be shy and quiet, but he is very outgoing now.
—Yes. We are all ________ at his changes.
A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——比利过去很害羞和安静，但他现在很外向。——是的。我们都对他的变化感到惊讶。
考查形容词辨析和形容词作表语。surprise名词/动词；surprised惊讶的，修饰人；surprising惊人的，修饰物。根据“We are all ... at his changes.”可知，此处在句中作表语，用修饰人的形容词，故选B。
2．（2023·甘肃武威·中考真题）I opened the door and all my friends shouted “Happy Birthday!” I had no idea they were coming. I was so ________.
A．interested B．surprised C．interesting D．surprising
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我打开门，所有的朋友都喊道：“生日快乐！”我不知道他们要来。我很惊讶。
考查形容词辨析。interested感兴趣的；surprised感到惊讶的；interesting令人有趣的；surprising令人惊讶的。根据“I had no idea they were coming”可知不知道他们要来，所以很惊讶，修饰人，应用surprised，故选B。
3．（2023·福建泉州·二模）—Everyone ________ the rapid growth of AI, especially the announcement of ChatGPT.
—So it is. What big progress the AI technology has made!
A．is proud of B．is surprised at C．is popular with
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——所有人都对人工智能的快速增长感到惊讶，尤其是ChatGPT的宣布。——的确如此。人工智能技术取得了多么大的进步！
考查固定搭配。is proud of以……为骄傲；is surprised at对……感到吃惊；is popular with受……欢迎。根据“especially the announcement of ChatGPT”可知，指人们对AI产业的发展速度感到惊讶。故选B。
考点八 available的用法
available adj. 可得到的;有空的
e.g. Are you available tomorrow morning 明天早上你有空吗？
I’m afraid I’m not available to help with the schoolshow on the 19th. 我怕是没空来帮着准备学校19号演出了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）—Lisa, would you like to come to my birthday party next Saturday
—I’d love to, but I’m not ________. I’m busy preparing for the test.
A．available B．enjoyable C．believable D．comfortable
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——丽莎，你愿意下周六来参加我的生日派对吗？——我很想去，但是我没空。我正忙着准备考试。
考查形容词辨析。available有空的；enjoyable令人愉快的；believable可信的；comfortable舒服的。根据“I’m busy preparing for the test”可知，说话人正忙着准备考试，所以没空，故选A。
考点九 fill的用法
fill v. (使)充满；装满
fill... with ...用......装满.....
be filled with...装满充满
be full of ...充满....，可与be filled with ..互换使用
filled adj. 装满的；充满的
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2023内蒙古通辽中考) 你为别人倒茶时，要倒七分满。
When you serve the tea to somebody, you should _______ the cup 70% full _______the tea.
【答案】fill；with
【详解】根据中英文对照可知此处是固定短语fill...with...“用……填满……”，should是情态动词，后加动词原形，故填fill；with。
考点十 invite的用法
invite v. 邀请
词形变化：
invitation n. 邀请
常见使用搭配：
invite sb. to/for ... 邀请某人参加......
invite sb. to do sth．邀请某人做某事
invite sb. to some place邀请某人到某处
make an invitation发出邀请
accept an invitation接受邀请
turn down/refuse an invitation 拒绝邀请
e.g. Lucy invites me to her party. 露西邀请我参加她的聚会。
The Smiths invite us to dinner. 史密斯一家邀请我们吃饭。
Thanks for your invitation! 谢谢你的邀请！
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2023江苏宿迁中考) —Our school will invite Mr. Wang _______ us a talk on environmental protection next week.
—That's wonderful!
A.give B. to give C. giving D.gave
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——下周我们学校将邀请王先生给我们做一个关于环境保护的演讲。——那是精彩的！
考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。
2．（2023·福建厦门·一模）— Look at the ________ card! Tommy is moving to a new house on Labour Day!
— Yeah! Let’s join the housewarming party together!
A．invitation B．interview C．instruction
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——看这请柬!劳动节那天汤米要搬到新房子去了! ——是的！让我们一起参加乔迁派对吧!
考查词义辨析。invitation邀请；interview面谈；instruction说明。根据“Let’s join the housewarming party together!”可知此处是请帖。故选A。
考点十一 accept的用法
accept v. 接受
词汇拓展：
acceptance n. 接受
acceptable adj. 可接受的
短语搭配：
accept an invitation/offer 接受邀请/提议
accept a gift 接受礼物
eg：She accepted the job offer and started working last week.她接受了工作邀请，上周开始工作。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Our English teacher is very confident. And he is always ready to ________ a challenge.
—So he is. We all like him.
A．touch B．choose C．discuss D．accept
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我们的英语老师非常自信。他总是准备好接受挑战。——他确实是。我们都喜欢他。
考查动词辨析。touch触摸；choose选择；discuss讨论；accept接受。根据“Our English teacher is very confident. And he is always ready to...a challenge”可知他很自信，总是准备好接受挑战。故选D。
2．（2023·安徽·三模）It is ________ for students to watch TV, as long as within the given time.
A．enjoyable B．valuable C．acceptable D．unbelievable
【答案】C
【详解】句意：只要在规定的时间内，学生们看电视是可以接受的。
考查形容词辨析。enjoyable令人愉快的；valuable有价值的；acceptable可接受的；unbelievable难以置信的。根据“It is…for students to watch TV, as long as within the given time”可知，在规定时间内，学生们看电视可以被接受。故选C。
考点十二 turn短语的用法
turn on 打开（电器、设备等）
e.g. Please turn on the light. 请打开灯。
turn off 关闭（电器、设备等）
e.g. Don’t forget to turn off the TV before you go to bed. 睡觉前别忘了关掉电视。
turn up 出现；露面; 调高（音量、温度等）
e.g. I was surprised when she finally turned up.她终于出现了，我很惊讶。
Can you turn up the radio 你能把收音机声音调大吗？
turn down 拒绝（邀请、请求等） 调低（音量、温度等）
e.g. He turned down my invitation to the party.他拒绝了我的派对邀请。
Please turn down the TV. It’s too loud. 请把电视声音调低一点，太吵了。
turn into 变成；转化为
The caterpillar will turn into a butterfly. 毛毛虫会变成蝴蝶。
turn out 结果是；证明是
e.g. The party turned out to be a great success. 聚会结果非常成功。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）—Mom, could I ________ the TV I want to watch the news about space.
—Of course. And don’t sit too close.
A．turn on B．turn off C．put on D．put off
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我能打开电视吗？我想看有关太空的新闻。——当然。不要坐得太近。
考查动词短语辨析。turn on打开；turn off关闭；put on穿上；put off推迟。根据“I want to watch the news about space.”可知，打开电视看新闻，故选A。
2.（2023·云南） It’s a good habit to ________ the lights when you leave a room.
A. turn down B. turn up C. turn off D. turn on
【答案】C
【详解】句意：离开房间时关灯是个好习惯。
考查动词短语。turn down把声音调小；turn up把声音调大；turn off关闭；turn on打开。根据“It’s a good habit to... the lights when you leave a room.”可知离开房间时关灯是好习惯。故选C。
考点十三 look after的用法
look after 照顾，照料
短语搭配：
look after sb./sth. 照顾某人/某物
take good care of/look after well 好好照顾
eg：Please look after my plants while I'm away. 我不在的时候，请照顾我的植物。
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2024安徽中考完型填空节选)Learning how to pets, understanding what they want and making sure that they live happily, teaches you to understand others’ feelings.
A．wake up B．search for C．depend on D．look after
【答案】D
【详解】句意：学习如何照顾宠物，了解它们想要什么，并确保它们快乐地生活，教会你理解别人的感受。
wake up醒来；search for搜寻；depend on依靠；look after照顾。根据“Learning how to…pets, understanding what they want and making sure that they live…”可知，此处指了解宠物的需求，学习如何照顾它们。故选D。
2．（2024重庆B卷中考）我们应该学会照顾自己。（完成译句）
We should learn to ourselves.
【答案】 look after
【详解】look after“照顾”，learn to do sth“学习做某事”，故填look；after。
3．（2023·吉林·中考真题）Xiaogang helps to ________ his younger sister when his parents are busy.
A．look up B．look like C．look after
【答案】C
【详解】句意：父母忙的时候，小刚帮忙照看妹妹。
考查动词短语辨析。look up向上看，查阅；look like看起来像；look after照顾，照看。根据“Xiaogang helps to...his younger sister when his parents are busy.”可知，父母忙的时候帮助照看妹妹，故选C。
4．（2023·湖南株洲·中考真题）My parents are happy that I often ________ my little sister at home.
A．look after B．look for C．look up
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我父母很高兴我经常在家照顾我的小妹妹。
考查动词短语辨析。look after照顾；look for寻找；look up查询。根据“My parents are happy that I often…my little sister at home”可知，经常在家照顾妹妹所以让父母开心，故选A。
考点十四 experience的用法
experience n. 经验，经历 v. 经历，体验
词汇拓展：
experienced adj. 有经验的
inexperienced adj.没有经验的
短语搭配：
have experience in... 有...方面的经验
gain experience 获得经验
experience something 经历某事
eg：She has a lot of experience in teaching. 她在教学方面有很多经验。
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2024安徽中考完型填空节选)Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is magic to me. My interest in it came from my . Years ago, I often had headaches, and my life was seriously influenced.
A．habit B．education C．service D．experience
【答案】D
【详解】句意：多年前，我经常头痛，生活受到严重影响。
habit习惯；education教育；service服务；experience经历。根据“Years ago, I often had headaches, and my life was seriously influenced”以及下文可知，这是介绍作者的经历，故选D。
2．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）In April, the weather in some places in Hubei is really changeable. People may ________ four seasons in one week.
A．organize B．describe C．check D．experience
【答案】D
【详解】句意：4月份，湖北一些地方的天气真的很多变。人们可能在一周内经历四个季节。
考查动词辨析。organize组织；describe描述；check检查；experience经历。根据“the weather in some places in Hubei is really changeable.”可知，天气很多变的话可能一周内会经历四个季节，故选D。
3．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Which teacher will you miss the most after middle school, Laura
—Ms. Li. She not only has a lot of teaching ________ but also is very strict with us.
A．examination B．environment C．experience
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——中学毕业后你最想念哪位老师，劳拉？——李老师。她不但有许多教学经验而且对我们很严厉。
考查名词辨析。examination考试；environment环境；experience经验。根据“She not only has a lot of teaching…but also is very strict with us”可知，此处是说她有许多教学经验。故选C。
考点十五 refuse的用法
refuse v. 拒绝
词汇拓展：
refusal n. 拒绝
短语搭配：
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
refuse an offer/invitation 拒绝提议/邀请
eg：He refused to go out in the rain. 他拒绝在雨中出去。
◆ 精题巧练
1.（2024重庆A中考完形填空节选）I was so sad when Grandpa to pay. I could remember his words. “If you pay for it, it’s not a scholarship jacket, is it Tell your headmaster I will not pay the fifteen dollars.”
A．refused B．offered C．agreed D．planned
【答案】C
【详解】句意：当爷爷拒绝付钱时，我很伤心。
refused拒绝；offered提供；agreed同意；planned计划。根据“Tell your headmaster I will not pay the fifteen dollars.”可知，爷爷拒绝付钱，故选A。
2．（2023·天津南开·三模）I invited Mary to the party. But she ________ my invitation politely
A．trusted B．encouraged C．refused D．believed
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我邀请玛丽来参加派对。但是她礼貌地拒绝了我的邀请。
考查动词辨析。trusted信任；encouraged鼓励；refused拒绝；regretted后悔。连词but表转折，说明邀请了她，但是她拒绝了。故选C。
3．（2023·天津西青·一模）I asked if I could buy another toy car, but Mum ________.
A．agreed B．refused C．replied D．regretted
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我问妈妈我是否可以再买一个玩具小汽车，但是妈妈拒绝了。
考查动词词义辨析。agreed同意；refused拒绝；replied回答；regretted遗憾。此处询问是否可以买小汽车，根据“but”可知妈妈拒绝了我的要求。故选B。
考点十六 sad的用法
sad adj. 悲伤的，难过的
词汇拓展：
sadness n. 悲伤
sadly adv. 悲伤地
短语搭配：
feel sad感到悲伤
look sad看起来悲伤
e.g. She looks sad today. I wonder what happened.她今天看起来很难过。我想知道发生了什么事。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—Why are you so ________
—Because my pet dog is dead.
A．pleased B．active C．sad D．friendly
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你为什么这么伤心？——因为我的宠物狗死了。
考查形容词辨析。pleased满意的；active积极的；sad伤心的；friendly友好的。根据“Because my pet dog is dead.”可知宠物狗死了，所以伤心，故选C。
考点十七 hang out的用法
hang out 闲逛
hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛；和某人一起闲混
e.g. Can you hang out with us on Monday night 星期一晚上你能和我们一起出去玩吗？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·辽宁·中考真题）While staying in Beijing, the foreigners like to ________ in Beijing hutongs.
A．hang out B．bring out C．try out D．set out
【答案】A
【详解】句意： 在北京逗留期间，外国人喜欢在北京的胡同里闲逛。
考查动词短语。hang out闲逛；bring out生产；try out试验；set out出发。根据“in Beijing hutongs”可知，是指在胡同里闲逛，故选A。
考点十八 trust的用法
trust v. 信任，信赖；n. 信任，信赖感
词汇拓展：
trustworthy adj. 可信赖的
trustless adj. 无信任的
短语搭配：
trust in... 信任..
gain someone's trust赢得某人的信任
lose trust in...失去对...的信任
e.g. I trust my best friend with all my secrets.（我完全信任我的最好朋友，把所有的秘密都告诉她。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·福建·中考真题）He is so honest a man that we all ________ him.
A．teach B．trust C．refuse
【答案】B
【详解】句意：他是一个如此诚实的人，我们都信任他。
考查动词辨析。teach教；trust相信；refuse拒绝。根据“He is so honest a man”可知诚实的人是让人相信的。故选B。
2．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Believe in yourself.
A．Trust B．Respect C．Admire D．Support
【答案】A
【详解】句意：相信自己。
考查同义词。Trust信任； Respect尊重；Admire钦佩；Support支持。划线部分“Believe in”意为“信任”，与A选项意思一样。故选A。
考点十九 look forward to的用法
look forward to 期待，期盼
to 是介词，因此后面如果使用动词，要使用其-ing 形式。
e.g I look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答复。
I’m really looking forward to seeing my little grandson again 我好期待再次见到我的小孙子。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·福建·中考真题）—Xiao Hai won first prize in our school art festival.
—Wonderful! I am ________ his next performance.
A．looking forward to B．paying attention to C．getting used to
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——小海在学校艺术节上获得一等奖。——太棒了！我期待着他的下一次演出。
考查动词短语辨析。look forward to期待；pay attention to关注；get used to习惯于。根据“I am ... his next performance.”可知，期待他的下次演出，故选A。
考点二十 certainly的用法
certainly adv. 当然，肯定
词汇拓展：
certain adj. 确定的，肯定的
短语搭配：
certainly not当然不是
of course certainly当然可以，无疑
e.g Certainly, I can help you with that problem.当然，我可以帮你解决那个问题。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·山东滨州·中考真题）—Father’s Day is around the corner, but I don’t have money to buy a gift for my dad.
—Why not make a card by yourself He will ________ love it.
A．widely B．smoothly C．hardly D．certainly
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——父亲节就要到了，但我没钱给爸爸买礼物。——为什么不自己制作一张卡片呢？他一定会喜欢的。
考查副词辨析。widely普遍地；smoothly平滑地；hardly几乎不；certainly肯定。根据“Why not make a card by yourself He will...love it”可知你爸爸一定会喜欢你自己制作的礼物。故选D。
考点二十一 travel的用法
travel v. & n. 旅行
词形变化：
traveller/traveler n.旅行者
短语搭配：
travel around the world 环游世界
travel to 前往某地
business travel商务旅行
eg：I love to travel to different countries and experience new cultures.我喜欢去不同的国家旅行，体验新的文化。
◆ 精题巧练
1. （2023·黑龙江绥化）She said that the earth ________ around the sun.
A. traveled B. travels C. travel
【答案】B
【详解】句意：她说地球绕太阳运行。
考查时态。根据“the earth...around the sun”可知此处是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是the earth，谓语动词用单三。故选B。
语法点
一、情态动词can 和might
1. can用于向别人提出邀请
情态动词can除了表示能力、许可和推测可能性之外。还可以用于向别人提出邀请。
①当用can发出邀请时，要用其一般疑问句形式：Can you/he/they+动词原形……
【注意】can在邀请中可以用could代替，语气更委婉。
接受邀请时，答句可以是“OK. / Sure. It sounds great. / All right. / Certainly. / Of course. / Sure, I'd love / like to.”或“Yes, I can.”。
拒绝邀请时，答句可以是“I'm sorry, I can't. I have to... / I'd love to, but I'm afraid I can't. / Sorry, but I'm not available / free.”。
e.g. --Can you come to my party on Saturday aftenoon 周六下午你能来参加我的聚会吗
--Sure, I’d love to.当然,我很乐意。
--Can you go to the movies on Saturday 周六你能去看电影吗
--I'm sorry. I'm not available. I have too much homework this weekend.对不起,我没有空。这个周末我有太多的作业。
【拓展】其他表示“邀请”的句型：
Could / Would / Will you please come to my birthday party 你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？
Would you like / love to come to my birthday party 你愿意/愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗？
I hope you can come to my birthday party.我希望你能来参加我的生日聚会。
Please come to my birthday party.请来参加我的生日聚会。
May I ask / invite you to come to my birthday party 我可以邀请你来参加我的生日聚会吗？
What / How about coming to my birthday party 来参加我的生日聚会怎么样？
2. might的用法
（1）might用于表示可能性，常用于对未来的推测，表达不太确定的可能性。
e.g. She might come to the party.她可能会来参加聚会。
Tom told me that he might go to see a film.汤姆告诉我他可能会去看电影。
He might go with us tomorrow, but I’m not sure about it.他明天可能和我们一起去，但我不敢肯定。
（2）表示请求建议，用于委婉的提成请求或礼貌地提出建议。
e.g. Might I ask a question 我可以问一个问题吗？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·海南·中考真题）—________ I go out with my friend now, Dad
—I’m afraid you have to finish your homework first.
A．Can B．Should C．Must
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我现在可以和我的朋友出去了吗，爸爸？——恐怕你得先完成作业。
考查动词辨析。Can可以；Should应该；Must必须。根据“I go out with my friend now, Dad ”可知，此处表示请求许可，需用can表示“可以”。故选A。
2．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）— ________ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy
— No problem.
A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——苏西，你能教我怎么拉小提琴吗？——没问题。
考查情景交际。can能，可以；should应该；must必须；need需要。根据“you show me how to play the violin”可知此处是请求许可，can符合语境。故选A。
3．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Bill, ________ I use your ruler
— Of course you can. Here you are.
A．can B．must C．need D．should
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——Bill，我可以用你的尺子吗？——当然可以。给你。
考查情态动词辨析。can可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据答语中的“Of course you can.”可知，此处表示“请求使用对方的东西”，can表“请求允许”，符合句意。故选A。
4．（2024·四川成都·二模）—Whose pencil case is this
—It ________ be Helen’s. It seems she has one like this, but I can’t remember clearly.
A．might B．should C．must
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这是谁的铅笔盒？——可能是海伦的。她好像有一个这样的，但我记得不太清楚了。
考查情态动词。might表示可能，表不确定；should表示应该；must表示一定，表肯定推测。根据“It seems she has one like this, but I can’t remember clearly.”可知，此处表示不确定，表达“可能”。故选A。
5．（2024·吉林长春·二模）—Where is your father
—I’m not sure. He ________ be in the kitchen and cook for himself.
A．might B．can’t C．must D．need
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你父亲在哪里？——我不确定。他也许在厨房给自己做饭。
考查情态动词。might可能，也许；can’t不可能；must一定；need需要。根据“I’m not sure.”可知，此处表把握不大的肯定推测，指父亲可能在厨房，应用might。故选A。
6．（2024·海南海口·二模）—Mum, what’s in the box
—I don’t know. It ________ a present from your aunt.
A．might be B．must be C．will be
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，盒子里是什么？——我不知道。可能是你阿姨送你的礼物。
考查情态动词辨析。might be可能是，表示不确定的推测；must be一定是，表示肯定的推测；will be将是。根据“I don’t know.”可知，此处应表示不确定的推测。故选A。
7．（2024·吉林长春·二模）—What are you going to do this weekend, Frank
—I go to see Kung Fu Panda 4, but it depends on whether I can finish my homework.
A．must B．can C．should D．might
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——弗兰克，这个周末你打算做什么？——我可能去看功夫熊猫4，但这取决于我是否能完成我的作业。
考查情态动词。must必须；can能；should应该；might可能。根据“go to see Kung Fu Panda 4, but it depends on whether I can finish my homework”可知，空处表示不确定推测，所以用might，故选D。
二、if引导的条件状语从句
1. 条件状语从句的概念
条件状语从句是主从复合句的一种，主句的条件状语由一个完整的从句来担任。
2. 条件状语从句的引导词
条件状语从句的引导词比较常见的有：if(如果)，as/so long as(只要)，unless(除非)。
3. 含条件状语从句的复合句的时态问题
原则1：主将从现
主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
e.g. If my brother comes back, he will take me to the park.如果我哥哥回来，他会带我去公园。
原则2：主情从现
主句含有情态动词can/may/might/must/should等，从句用一般现在时。
e.g. If you want to be healthy, you should keep a good diet.如果你想保持健康，你应该保持良好的饮食习惯。
原则3：主祈从现
主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时。
e.g. Don’t play with the knife if you don’t want to get hurt.如果你不想受伤，就不要玩刀。
4、if引导的条件状语从句
if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。从句可放在主句后，也可放在主句前，放在主句前时常用逗号与主句隔开。
【注意】
1. 在与 if 条件句连用的主句中我们一般用will 表示将来时，而不用be going to 表示将来时。
【拓展】
1、unless 引导的条件状语从句
unless 意为“如果不；除非”。“if + 否定句” 相当于“unless + 肯定句”。
e.g. You’ll be late if you don’t go there by bus. = You’ll be late unless you go there by bus. 如果你不乘坐公共汽车去那里，你会迟到的。
2、as/so long as 均可表示“只要”，用于引导条件状语从句。
e.g. I don't care so (as) long as she lets me be with her son.只要她让我和她儿子在一起，我不在乎。
You can take my car as (so) long as you drive carefully.你可以用我的汽车，只要你小心点儿开。
You may use my dictionary as (so) long as you don't keep it too long.只要使用时间不太长，你可以用我的词典。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·江苏常州·三模）______ you don’t give it up, you may succeed in getting a scholarship.
A．Until B．Unless C．If D．Whenever
【答案】C
【详解】句意：如果你不放弃，你可能会成功获得奖学金。
考查连词辨析。Until直到；Unless除非，如果不；If如果；Whenever无论何时。“you don’t give it up”为“you may succeed in getting a scholarship”的条件，if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
2．（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—You look so worried, Cathy. What’s the matter
—I will have to close my café _________ my business improves.
A．if B．since C．until D．unless
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Cathy，你看起来如此担心。怎么了？——除非我的生意有所改善，否则我必须关闭我的咖啡馆。
考查连词辨析。if如果；since自从；until直到；unless除非。根据“I will have to close my café…my business improves.”可知，此处要用unless引导条件状语从句，表示除非生意有所改善，否则就要关闭咖啡馆。故选D。
3．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）_________ you go around China, you will know more about its culture.
A．If B．Unless C．Until D．Although
【答案】A
【详解】句意：如果你到中国转转，你会对中国文化有更多的了解。
考查条件状语从句。If如果；Unless除非；Until直到；Although尽管。根据“...you go around China, you will know more about its culture.”可知，此句表达如果到中国转转，就会对中国文化有更多的了解。该句是由if引导的条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。故选A。
4．（2024·海南·中考真题）—Betty, you will miss the school bus ________ you don’t get up early tomorrow morning.
—I won’t, Dad.
A．so that B．if C．though
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——贝蒂，如果你明天早上不早点起床，你将错过校车。——不会的，爸爸。
考查条件状语从句。so that因此，通常引导目的状语从句；if如果，通常引导条件状语从句；though虽然，通常引导让步状语从句。根据句子时态和逻辑关系可知，事情并未发生，“you don’t get up early tomorrow morning”为“you will miss the school bus”假设条件。故选B。
5．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）— Lily, ________ you are free after school, let’s go to the shop and buy a gift for Father.
—OK, Lucy. Tomorrow is Father’s birthday. I almost forgot it.
A．until B．if C．unless
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——莉莉，如果你放学后有空，我们去商店给爸爸买份礼物吧。——好的，露西。明天是爸爸的生日，我差点忘了。
考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；unless除非。根据“you are free after school, let’s go to the shop and buy a gift for Father.”可知，前句是后句的肯定条件，如果莉莉有时间，她们才能一起去买礼物，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。
6．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn.
A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果你在春天懒惰，秋天你将一无所获。
考查动词时态。If引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句需用一般将来时，其谓语动词结构为“will do”。故选B。
7．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them.
A．when B．unless C．if D．until
【答案】B
【详解】句意：练习是非常重要的。如果你不经常使用生词，你就会忘记它们。
考查连词辨析。when当……时；unless除非；if如果；until直到。根据“You will forget the new words … you often use them.”可知，除非经常使用，否则会忘记的，故选B。
三、情态动词should用法
1. 情态动词should的基本含义和用法
情态动词should的基本含义为“应该”，它用来表达一种义务、责任或建议、劝告等。在句子中，should后接动词原形，表示对某一行为的期望或要求。
①表示义务或责任
e.g. You should study hard.你应该努力学习。
②表示建议或劝告
e.g. You should see a doctor if you feel unwell.如果你感觉不舒服，你应该去看医生。
③表示推测
e.g. She should arrive by noon.她应该中午到达。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you.
A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你不应该在睡觉前吃太多的食物，否则对你的身体不好。
考查情态动词辨析。can 可以；could可以；shouldn’t不应该；would将会。根据“or it’s bad for you”可知，此处建议睡觉前不要吃太多的食物，故选C。
2．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down.
A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意：嘘……！这里是图书馆。你应该小点声。
考查情态动词辨析和should表示建议。can能；can’t不能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“This is a library. You...keep your voice down.”可知，此处是建议小点声，故选C。
3．（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—Shall we go now
—No. Mr. Henderson said that all of us _________ remain in our seats until all the reports have been collected.
A．could B．might C．would D．should
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我们现在能走了吗？——不。Henderson先生说在所有的报告收集完毕之前，我们都应该留在座位上。
考查情态动词。could可以；might可能；would会；should应该。根据“Mr. Henderson said that all of us…remain in our seats until all the reports have been collected.”可知，此处是应该留在座位上，应用should。故选D。
4．（2024·云南昆明·一模）—Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow. I mean, today’s work ________ today.
—OK, Mr. White.
A．should do B．could do C．should be done D．could be done
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——不要把今天的工作拖到明天，我的意思是，今天的工作应该今天完成。——好的，怀特先生。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态和情态动词辨析。should应该；could能，可以。根据“Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow”可知，此处表示今天的工作应该今天完成。情态动词should意为“应该”，主语today’s work和动词do之间是被动关系，此处应用含有情态动词should的被动语态，结构是：should+be+动词过去分词。故选C。
5．（2024·云南德宏·一模）As middle school students, we ________ spread traditional Chinese culture.
A．can’t B．may C．mustn’t D．should
【答案】D
【详解】句意：作为中学生，我们应该传播中国传统文化。
考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；may可以；mustn’t不许；should应该。根据“spread traditional Chinese culture”可知，此处是说应该传播中国传统文化，故选D。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
第10讲 八年级上 Units9--10
重 点 单 词 __________ v.悬挂；垂下 __________ v.及时赶上；接住；抓住 __________ n.流行性感冒；流感 __________ adj.有空的；可获得的 __________ conj.&prep.到……时；直到……为止 __________ n.工作日 __________ v.回答；答复 __________ v.邀请 __________ v.接受 __________ v.拒绝 __________ v.打印；印刷 __________ adj.悲哀的；难过的 __________ adj.高兴；愿意 __________ n.胶水 __________ v.使做好准备；把……准备好 __________ n.考试 __________ n.错误；失误 __________ pron.他自己 __________ adj.小心的；细致的；精心的；慎重的 __________ v.劝告；建议 __________ v.解决；解答 __________ n.开幕式；落成典礼 __________ n.音乐会；演奏会 __________ n.大事；公开活动；比赛项目 __________ n.客人；宾客 __________ n.日历；日程表 __________ conj.除非；如果不 __________ adv.无疑；肯定；当然；行 __________ n.钱包 __________ n.英里 __________ adj.发怒的；生气的 __________ adj.善解人意的；体谅人的 __________ adj.粗心的；不小心的 __________ n.白天；日间 __________ n.会议；集会；会面 __________ n.录像带；录像 __________ n.步；步骤 __________ v.相信；信任 __________ n.经验；经历 __________ adv.别的；其他的 __________ v.转寄；发送；adv.向前；前进 __________ v.删除 __________ prep.没有；不 __________ adj.惊奇的；感觉意外的 __________ v.组织；筹备 __________ adj.正常的；一般的 __________ n.巧克力 __________ adj.难过；失望；沮丧 __________ n.出租汽车；的士 __________ v.&n.旅行；游历 __________ n.青少年
词 汇 拓 展 solve v. 解决→___________ (n.)解决；解答；解决方法 normal adj. 正常的；一般的→___________ (adv.)通常；正常情况下 catch v. 及时赶上；接住；抓住→___________ ( 单三 ) opening n. 开幕式；落成典礼→___________ (v.& adj.)打开；开着的 advice n. 建议→___________ (v.)建议 hang v. 悬挂；垂下→___________ (过去式/过去分词) care v. 在意；关心；担忧→___________ (adj.)小心的；慎重的→___________ (adv.)细致地；谨慎地 prepare v. 准备→___________ (n.)准备 invite v. 邀请→___________ (n.)邀请；请柬 certainly adv. 无疑；肯定；当然→___________ (adj.)无疑的 travel v.& n. 旅行；游历→___________ (n.)旅行者 angry adj. 生气的→___________ (n.)生气→___________ (adv.)发怒地；生气地 understand v. 理解；领会→___________ (adj.)善解人意的；体谅人的 meet v. 遇见；相逢→___________ (过去式 / 过去分词)→___________ (n.)会议；集会；会面 sad adj. 悲伤的→___________ (n.)悲哀；忧伤
重 点 短 语 为……做准备 ______________ 得流感 ______________ 去看医生 ______________ 其他时间；别的时间 ______________ 闲逛；常去某处 ______________ 前天 ______________ 后天 ______________ 照料；照顾 ______________ 拒绝 ______________ 去旅行 ______________ (帮助……)分担工作、解决难题 ______________ 盼望；期待 ______________ 接到(某人的)信、电话等 ______________ 保守秘密 ______________ 逃离 ______________ 分成两半 ______________
重 点 句 型 —____ you come to my party on Saturday afternoon 你周六下午能来我的派对吗？ —Sure,________.当然,我很乐意。 I look forward to ________ you all.我期待收到你们所有人的来信。 ____ you ____ to the party,you ______ a great time！如果你去参加聚会,你将会玩得很开心！ I'm sad to ____ her ____,and this party is __________ say “Thank you and goodbye.”看到她走我很难过,并且这个聚会是跟她说“感谢和再见”最好的方式。 My family is __________ Wuhan __________ this month ______ my aunt and uncle.这个月末我家要去武汉旅行并且看望我的婶婶和叔叔。 So you're ________ a problem just ______ to someone about it! 因此,你只要跟人聊聊这个问题,你就已经解决了问题的一半。 ____ Ms.Steen ____ the party ______ her so that she can be surprised.在没有告知她的前提下,把斯蒂恩女士带来参加聚会,这样她会感到惊喜。 What ____ happen ____ they ____ the party today？如果他们今天举行聚会,将会发生什么？ Can you give me ________ please？请问你能给我一些建议吗？ Some people believe ________ is to do nothing.有些人相信最糟糕的事情是什么也不做。 But Sam ____ leaving ____ next Wednesday.但是萨姆直到下周三才离开。 ____ you ____ to come to my place on Saturday？星期六你有空来我这里吗？ ______ great ____ it is! 多棒的一个主意啊！ Let me know ____ you need my help.如果你需要我的帮助,让我知道。 To show ______ we're going to miss her,let's have a ________ for her！为了表示我们会有多想她,让我们为她办一个惊喜派对吧。 ____ we talk to someone,we will certainly feel worse.我们如果不与人聊聊,肯定会感觉更糟。
知识点
考点一 advise的用法
【教材原句】 Robert Hunt advises students about common problems. 罗伯特·亨特为学生们提供关于常见问题的建议。
advise v. 劝告；建议
词形变化：
advice n. 建议
suggestion n. 建议
suggest v. 建议
【注意】advice 不可数名词，suggestion 是可数名词
常见短语搭配：
advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事
ask sb. for advice 向某人寻求建议/征求意见
give sb. advice on/about sth. 就某事给某人建议
advise sb. about/on sth. 就某事向某人提建议
advise doing sth.建议做某事
take one's advice接受某人的建议
follow one's advice 遵循某人的建议
e.g. Can you give me some advice 你能给我一些建议吗？
Robert Hunt advises students about common problems.罗伯特·亨特就一些常见的问题给学生们提出建议，进行指导。
The minister advised him to leave as soon as possible. 部长建议他尽快离开。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·福建南平·一模）—Can you give me some ________ on learning English well
—OK. I think watching English programs is a good way.
A．news B．advice C．knowledge
2．（2023·吉林长春·一模）— Jenny, you’d better follow the doctor’s _______ and eat more fruit and vegetables.
— I will. Thank you.
A．decision B．agreement C．information D．advice
考点二 prepare的用法
【教材原句】I have to prepare for an exam. 我得为一场考试做准备。
prepare 动词，意为“准备”。 现在分词preparing 过去式和过去分词prepared
词形变化：
preparation n. 准备
常见短语搭配：
be prepared for 为……做好准备
prepare sth.for 为………准备某物
prepare sb.for/to do sth. 使某人对(做)某事做好准备
be prepared to do sth. 乐意做某事
prepare for sth./to do sth. 准备(做)某事
eg: Our English teacher was preparing the lessons now. 我们的英语老师在备课。
Mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen now. 妈妈正在厨房做饭。
She prepared us a nice breakfast.= She prepared a nice breakfast for us. 她给我们准备了可口的早餐。
They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。
◆ 精题巧练
1. （2023江苏扬州）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club.
A. join B. joining C. to join D. to joining
考点三 until的用法
【教材原句】Oh, but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday. 哦，但是萨姆要到下周三才会离开。
not...until意为“直到……才……”，当它引导时间状语从句时，如果主句为一般过去时，从句使用一般过去时；如果主句使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时表将来。
例句：I won't leave until he comes back tomorrow.我要等他明天回来后再走。
until可用作介词，也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。有时可用till进行替换。
例句：He waited until/till she was about to leave.
until prep./conj. 到....时；直到....为止
【归纳】
①肯定句中， until“一直到....时(为止)” 或“在....之前”，句中的动词为持续性动词。
如：He studied until midnight last night / his father came back．
②否定句中，not...until..．“直到....才..."。如：
Linda didn't go to bed until ten last Monday evening / her sister turned off the TV.
◆ 精题巧练
1. （2023·辽宁本溪、葫芦岛）It’s raining too hard outside. We won’t leave ________ the rain stops.
A. if B. after C. when D. until
2.（2023·甘肃武威） Let’s wait ________ the rain stops.
A. so B. while C. since D. until
考点四 hear的用法
【教材原句】I look forward to hearing from you all. 我期待着收到你们大家的来信。
hear 动词，意为“听，听到，听说”
常见短语搭配：
hear sb./sth. doing sth. 听到某人/某物正在做某事
hear from sb. 收到某人的来信
hear of/about 听说
hear sb./sth. do sth. 听到某人/某物做了某事
e.g Have you ever heard of quantum physics 你听说过量子物理吗。
I’ve never heard of that restaurant. 我从没听说过那家餐厅。
I haven’t heard from my brother in months. 我几个月没收到哥哥的消息了。
We heard about the earthquake on TV. 我们从电视上得知地震的消息。
I heard him play the piano every night. 我每晚都听见他弹钢琴。
I heard the baby crying upstairs. 我听到婴儿在楼上哭。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I ________ Mike on Monday. He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter.
—Do we accept his invitation We haven’t met him for 3 years.
A．heard from B．came from C．suffered from
考点五 careful的用法
careful adj. 小心的，仔细的
词汇拓展：
carefully adv. 小心地
carelessness n. 粗心
careless adj. 粗心的
短语搭配：
be careful with... 小心对待...
be careful not to do sth. 小心不要做某事
eg：You should be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时你应该小心。
◆ 精题巧练
1.（2023·湖北武汉）—Mary is ________ about what she eats. She never has junk food.
—A good habit.
A．careful B．angry C．nervous D．relaxed
2．（2023·安徽六安·三模）—You should be very ________ when you drive past the school gate.
—Yes, especially during the rush hours to and from school.
A．thankful B．honest C．careful D．general
考点六 organize的用法
organize/organise 动词，意为“组织，筹备”，organized还可作形容词，意为“有组织的，有条理的”。
e.g. I believe I have the ability to organize a party. 我相信我有能力组织一次社交聚会。
Don’t ask them to organize the trip. They’ll only screw everything up. 别让他们组织此行。他们准得把一切都搞糟了。
An organized program of advertisements.有组织的大规模的广告计划。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）My cousin is ________. He never forgets the things he needs to do.
A．energetic B．curious C．organized D．confident
2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）My cousin is ________. He never forgets the things he needs to do.
A．energetic B．curious C．organized D．confident
考点七 surprised的用法
surprised adj. 惊讶的
词汇拓展：
surprise（名词，惊讶；动词，使惊讶）
surprising（形容词，令人惊讶的）
短语搭配：be surprised at...（对...感到惊讶）
to one's surprise（令某人惊讶的是）
例句：I was surprised at how quickly he finished the task.（我对他完成任务的速度感到惊讶。）
辨析surprise/surprising/surprised
surprise v. 使惊讶，使意外 surprise sb.使某人惊讶
n. 惊奇，惊讶 give sb.a surprise给某人一个惊喜 to one's surprise令某人吃惊的是 in surprise惊奇地
surprising adj. 令人惊奇的 在句中作定语或表语，常用来修饰事物
surprised adj. 惊讶的，惊奇的 在句中作表语，常用来说明人。 be surprised at对……感到吃惊 be surprised to do对做……感到吃惊
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—Billy used to be shy and quiet, but he is very outgoing now.
—Yes. We are all ________ at his changes.
A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising
2．（2023·甘肃武威·中考真题）I opened the door and all my friends shouted “Happy Birthday!” I had no idea they were coming. I was so ________.
A．interested B．surprised C．interesting D．surprising
3．（2023·福建泉州·二模）—Everyone ________ the rapid growth of AI, especially the announcement of ChatGPT.
—So it is. What big progress the AI technology has made!
A．is proud of B．is surprised at C．is popular with
考点八 available的用法
available adj. 可得到的;有空的
e.g. Are you available tomorrow morning 明天早上你有空吗？
I’m afraid I’m not available to help with the schoolshow on the 19th. 我怕是没空来帮着准备学校19号演出了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）—Lisa, would you like to come to my birthday party next Saturday
—I’d love to, but I’m not ________. I’m busy preparing for the test.
A．available B．enjoyable C．believable D．comfortable
考点九 fill的用法
fill v. (使)充满；装满
fill... with ...用......装满.....
be filled with...装满充满
be full of ...充满....，可与be filled with ..互换使用
filled adj. 装满的；充满的
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2023内蒙古通辽中考) 你为别人倒茶时，要倒七分满。
When you serve the tea to somebody, you should _______ the cup 70% full _______the tea.
考点十 invite的用法
invite v. 邀请
词形变化：
invitation n. 邀请
常见使用搭配：
invite sb. to/for ... 邀请某人参加......
invite sb. to do sth．邀请某人做某事
invite sb. to some place邀请某人到某处
make an invitation发出邀请
accept an invitation接受邀请
turn down/refuse an invitation 拒绝邀请
e.g. Lucy invites me to her party. 露西邀请我参加她的聚会。
The Smiths invite us to dinner. 史密斯一家邀请我们吃饭。
Thanks for your invitation! 谢谢你的邀请！
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2023江苏宿迁中考) —Our school will invite Mr. Wang _______ us a talk on environmental protection next week.
—That's wonderful!
A.give B. to give C. giving D.gave
2．（2023·福建厦门·一模）— Look at the ________ card! Tommy is moving to a new house on Labour Day!
— Yeah! Let’s join the housewarming party together!
A．invitation B．interview C．instruction
考点十一 accept的用法
accept v. 接受
词汇拓展：
acceptance n. 接受
acceptable adj. 可接受的
短语搭配：
accept an invitation/offer 接受邀请/提议
accept a gift 接受礼物
eg：She accepted the job offer and started working last week.她接受了工作邀请，上周开始工作。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Our English teacher is very confident. And he is always ready to ________ a challenge.
—So he is. We all like him.
A．touch B．choose C．discuss D．accept
2．（2023·安徽·三模）It is ________ for students to watch TV, as long as within the given time.
A．enjoyable B．valuable C．acceptable D．unbelievable
考点十二 turn短语的用法
turn on 打开（电器、设备等）
e.g. Please turn on the light. 请打开灯。
turn off 关闭（电器、设备等）
e.g. Don’t forget to turn off the TV before you go to bed. 睡觉前别忘了关掉电视。
turn up 出现；露面; 调高（音量、温度等）
e.g. I was surprised when she finally turned up.她终于出现了，我很惊讶。
Can you turn up the radio 你能把收音机声音调大吗？
turn down 拒绝（邀请、请求等） 调低（音量、温度等）
e.g. He turned down my invitation to the party.他拒绝了我的派对邀请。
Please turn down the TV. It’s too loud. 请把电视声音调低一点，太吵了。
turn into 变成；转化为
The caterpillar will turn into a butterfly. 毛毛虫会变成蝴蝶。
turn out 结果是；证明是
e.g. The party turned out to be a great success. 聚会结果非常成功。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）—Mom, could I ________ the TV I want to watch the news about space.
—Of course. And don’t sit too close.
A．turn on B．turn off C．put on D．put off
2.（2023·云南） It’s a good habit to ________ the lights when you leave a room.
A. turn down B. turn up C. turn off D. turn on
考点十三 look after的用法
look after 照顾，照料
短语搭配：
look after sb./sth. 照顾某人/某物
take good care of/look after well 好好照顾
eg：Please look after my plants while I'm away. 我不在的时候，请照顾我的植物。
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2024安徽中考完型填空节选)Learning how to pets, understanding what they want and making sure that they live happily, teaches you to understand others’ feelings.
A．wake up B．search for C．depend on D．look after
2．（2024重庆B卷中考）我们应该学会照顾自己。（完成译句）
We should learn to ourselves.
3．（2023·吉林·中考真题）Xiaogang helps to ________ his younger sister when his parents are busy.
A．look up B．look like C．look after
4．（2023·湖南株洲·中考真题）My parents are happy that I often ________ my little sister at home.
A．look after B．look for C．look up
考点十四 experience的用法
experience n. 经验，经历 v. 经历，体验
词汇拓展：
experienced adj. 有经验的
inexperienced adj.没有经验的
短语搭配：
have experience in... 有...方面的经验
gain experience 获得经验
experience something 经历某事
eg：She has a lot of experience in teaching. 她在教学方面有很多经验。
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2024安徽中考完型填空节选)Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is magic to me. My interest in it came from my . Years ago, I often had headaches, and my life was seriously influenced.
A．habit B．education C．service D．experience
2．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）In April, the weather in some places in Hubei is really changeable. People may ________ four seasons in one week.
A．organize B．describe C．check D．experience
3．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Which teacher will you miss the most after middle school, Laura
—Ms. Li. She not only has a lot of teaching ________ but also is very strict with us.
A．examination B．environment C．experience
考点十五 refuse的用法
refuse v. 拒绝
词汇拓展：
refusal n. 拒绝
短语搭配：
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
refuse an offer/invitation 拒绝提议/邀请
eg：He refused to go out in the rain. 他拒绝在雨中出去。
◆ 精题巧练
1.（2024重庆A中考完形填空节选）I was so sad when Grandpa to pay. I could remember his words. “If you pay for it, it’s not a scholarship jacket, is it Tell your headmaster I will not pay the fifteen dollars.”
A．refused B．offered C．agreed D．planned
2．（2023·天津南开·三模）I invited Mary to the party. But she ________ my invitation politely
A．trusted B．encouraged C．refused D．believed
3．（2023·天津西青·一模）I asked if I could buy another toy car, but Mum ________.
A．agreed B．refused C．replied D．regretted
考点十六 sad的用法
sad adj. 悲伤的，难过的
词汇拓展：
sadness n. 悲伤
sadly adv. 悲伤地
短语搭配：
feel sad感到悲伤
look sad看起来悲伤
e.g. She looks sad today. I wonder what happened.她今天看起来很难过。我想知道发生了什么事。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—Why are you so ________
—Because my pet dog is dead.
A．pleased B．active C．sad D．friendly
考点十七 hang out的用法
hang out 闲逛
hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛；和某人一起闲混
e.g. Can you hang out with us on Monday night 星期一晚上你能和我们一起出去玩吗？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·辽宁·中考真题）While staying in Beijing, the foreigners like to ________ in Beijing hutongs.
A．hang out B．bring out C．try out D．set out
考点十八 trust的用法
trust v. 信任，信赖；n. 信任，信赖感
词汇拓展：
trustworthy adj. 可信赖的
trustless adj. 无信任的
短语搭配：
trust in... 信任..
gain someone's trust赢得某人的信任
lose trust in...失去对...的信任
e.g. I trust my best friend with all my secrets.（我完全信任我的最好朋友，把所有的秘密都告诉她。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·福建·中考真题）He is so honest a man that we all ________ him.
A．teach B．trust C．refuse
2．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Believe in yourself.
A．Trust B．Respect C．Admire D．Support
考点十九 look forward to的用法
look forward to 期待，期盼
to 是介词，因此后面如果使用动词，要使用其-ing 形式。
e.g I look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答复。
I’m really looking forward to seeing my little grandson again 我好期待再次见到我的小孙子。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·福建·中考真题）—Xiao Hai won first prize in our school art festival.
—Wonderful! I am ________ his next performance.
A．looking forward to B．paying attention to C．getting used to
考点二十 certainly的用法
certainly adv. 当然，肯定
词汇拓展：
certain adj. 确定的，肯定的
短语搭配：
certainly not当然不是
of course certainly当然可以，无疑
e.g Certainly, I can help you with that problem.当然，我可以帮你解决那个问题。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·山东滨州·中考真题）—Father’s Day is around the corner, but I don’t have money to buy a gift for my dad.
—Why not make a card by yourself He will ________ love it.
A．widely B．smoothly C．hardly D．certainly
考点二十一 travel的用法
travel v. & n. 旅行
词形变化：
traveller/traveler n.旅行者
短语搭配：
travel around the world 环游世界
travel to 前往某地
business travel商务旅行
eg：I love to travel to different countries and experience new cultures.我喜欢去不同的国家旅行，体验新的文化。
◆ 精题巧练
1. （2023·黑龙江绥化）She said that the earth ________ around the sun.
A. traveled B. travels C. travel
语法点
一、情态动词can 和might
1. can用于向别人提出邀请
情态动词can除了表示能力、许可和推测可能性之外。还可以用于向别人提出邀请。
①当用can发出邀请时，要用其一般疑问句形式：Can you/he/they+动词原形……
【注意】can在邀请中可以用could代替，语气更委婉。
接受邀请时，答句可以是“OK. / Sure. It sounds great. / All right. / Certainly. / Of course. / Sure, I'd love / like to.”或“Yes, I can.”。
拒绝邀请时，答句可以是“I'm sorry, I can't. I have to... / I'd love to, but I'm afraid I can't. / Sorry, but I'm not available / free.”。
e.g. --Can you come to my party on Saturday aftenoon 周六下午你能来参加我的聚会吗
--Sure, I’d love to.当然,我很乐意。
--Can you go to the movies on Saturday 周六你能去看电影吗
--I'm sorry. I'm not available. I have too much homework this weekend.对不起,我没有空。这个周末我有太多的作业。
【拓展】其他表示“邀请”的句型：
Could / Would / Will you please come to my birthday party 你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？
Would you like / love to come to my birthday party 你愿意/愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗？
I hope you can come to my birthday party.我希望你能来参加我的生日聚会。
Please come to my birthday party.请来参加我的生日聚会。
May I ask / invite you to come to my birthday party 我可以邀请你来参加我的生日聚会吗？
What / How about coming to my birthday party 来参加我的生日聚会怎么样？
2. might的用法
（1）might用于表示可能性，常用于对未来的推测，表达不太确定的可能性。
e.g. She might come to the party.她可能会来参加聚会。
Tom told me that he might go to see a film.汤姆告诉我他可能会去看电影。
He might go with us tomorrow, but I’m not sure about it.他明天可能和我们一起去，但我不敢肯定。
（2）表示请求建议，用于委婉的提成请求或礼貌地提出建议。
e.g. Might I ask a question 我可以问一个问题吗？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·海南·中考真题）—________ I go out with my friend now, Dad
—I’m afraid you have to finish your homework first.
A．Can B．Should C．Must
2．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）— ________ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy
— No problem.
A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need
3．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Bill, ________ I use your ruler
— Of course you can. Here you are.
A．can B．must C．need D．should
4．（2024·四川成都·二模）—Whose pencil case is this
—It ________ be Helen’s. It seems she has one like this, but I can’t remember clearly.
A．might B．should C．must
5．（2024·吉林长春·二模）—Where is your father
—I’m not sure. He ________ be in the kitchen and cook for himself.
A．might B．can’t C．must D．need
6．（2024·海南海口·二模）—Mum, what’s in the box
—I don’t know. It ________ a present from your aunt.
A．might be B．must be C．will be
7．（2024·吉林长春·二模）—What are you going to do this weekend, Frank
—I ___ go to see Kung Fu Panda 4, but it depends on whether I can finish my homework.
A．must B．can C．should D．might
二、if引导的条件状语从句
1. 条件状语从句的概念
条件状语从句是主从复合句的一种，主句的条件状语由一个完整的从句来担任。
2. 条件状语从句的引导词
条件状语从句的引导词比较常见的有：if(如果)，as/so long as(只要)，unless(除非)。
3. 含条件状语从句的复合句的时态问题
原则1：主将从现
主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
e.g. If my brother comes back, he will take me to the park.如果我哥哥回来，他会带我去公园。
原则2：主情从现
主句含有情态动词can/may/might/must/should等，从句用一般现在时。
e.g. If you want to be healthy, you should keep a good diet.如果你想保持健康，你应该保持良好的饮食习惯。
原则3：主祈从现
主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时。
e.g. Don’t play with the knife if you don’t want to get hurt.如果你不想受伤，就不要玩刀。
4、if引导的条件状语从句
if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。从句可放在主句后，也可放在主句前，放在主句前时常用逗号与主句隔开。
【注意】
1. 在与 if 条件句连用的主句中我们一般用will 表示将来时，而不用be going to 表示将来时。
【拓展】
1、unless 引导的条件状语从句
unless 意为“如果不；除非”。“if + 否定句” 相当于“unless + 肯定句”。
e.g. You’ll be late if you don’t go there by bus. = You’ll be late unless you go there by bus. 如果你不乘坐公共汽车去那里，你会迟到的。
2、as/so long as 均可表示“只要”，用于引导条件状语从句。
e.g. I don't care so (as) long as she lets me be with her son.只要她让我和她儿子在一起，我不在乎。
You can take my car as (so) long as you drive carefully.你可以用我的汽车，只要你小心点儿开。
You may use my dictionary as (so) long as you don't keep it too long.只要使用时间不太长，你可以用我的词典。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·江苏常州·三模）______ you don’t give it up, you may succeed in getting a scholarship.
A．Until B．Unless C．If D．Whenever
2．（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—You look so worried, Cathy. What’s the matter
—I will have to close my café _________ my business improves.
A．if B．since C．until D．unless
3．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）_________ you go around China, you will know more about its culture.
A．If B．Unless C．Until D．Although
4．（2024·海南·中考真题）—Betty, you will miss the school bus ________ you don’t get up early tomorrow morning.
—I won’t, Dad.
A．so that B．if C．though
5．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）— Lily, ________ you are free after school, let’s go to the shop and buy a gift for Father.
—OK, Lucy. Tomorrow is Father’s birthday. I almost forgot it.
A．until B．if C．unless
6．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn.
A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested
7．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them.
A．when B．unless C．if D．until
三、情态动词should用法
1. 情态动词should的基本含义和用法
情态动词should的基本含义为“应该”，它用来表达一种义务、责任或建议、劝告等。在句子中，should后接动词原形，表示对某一行为的期望或要求。
①表示义务或责任
e.g. You should study hard.你应该努力学习。
②表示建议或劝告
e.g. You should see a doctor if you feel unwell.如果你感觉不舒服，你应该去看医生。
③表示推测
e.g. She should arrive by noon.她应该中午到达。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·西藏·中考真题）You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you.
A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would
2．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down.
A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t
3．（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—Shall we go now
—No. Mr. Henderson said that all of us _________ remain in our seats until all the reports have been collected.
A．could B．might C．would D．should
4．（2024·云南昆明·一模）—Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow. I mean, today’s work ________ today.
—OK, Mr. White.
A．should do B．could do C．should be done D．could be done
5．（2024·云南德宏·一模）As middle school students, we ________ spread traditional Chinese culture.
A．can’t B．may C．mustn’t D．should
