/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
第14讲 八年级下 Units7--8
重 点 单 词 tour n.& v. 旅行;旅游 tourist n. 旅行者;观光者 deep adj. 深的;纵深的 desert n. 沙漠 achievement n. 成就;成绩 thick adj. 厚的;浓的 include v. 包括;包含 condition n. 条件;状况 population n. 人口;人口数量 Asia n. 亚洲 wall n. 墙 ancient adj. 古代的;古老的 protect v. 保护;防护 wide adj. 宽的;宽阔的 succeed v. 实现目标;成功 achieve v. 达到;完成;成功 research n.& v. 研究;调查 keeper n. 饲养员;保管人 awake adj. 醒着 excitement n. 激动;兴奋 illness n. 疾病;病 wild adj. 野生的 government n. 政府;内阁 oil n. 油;食用油;石油 towards prep. 朝;向;对着 land n. 陆地;大地 fiction n. 小说 record n. 唱片;记录;录制 introduce v. 介绍;引见 line n. 行;排 protection n. 保护;保卫 huge adj. 巨大的;极多的 ocean n. 大海;海洋 weigh v. 重量是……;称……的重量 birth n. 出生;诞生 adult adj. 成年的;成人的 n. 成人;成年动物 bamboo n. 竹子 forever adv. 永远 technology n. 科技;工艺 French n. 法语 rock n. 摇滚乐 belong v. 属于;归属 laughter n. 笑;笑声 beauty n. 美;美丽 abroad adv. 在国外;到国外 southern adj. 南方的 modern adj. 现代的;当代的 success n. 成功 island n. 岛 hurry v. 匆忙;赶快 ship n. 船 tool n. 工具 mark n. 迹象;记号;分数 v. 做记号;打分 treasure n. 珠宝;财富 sand n. 沙滩;沙 nature n. 自然界;大自然
词 汇 拓 展 Asia n.亚洲→Asian (adj.& n.)亚洲的;亚洲人 wide adj.宽的;宽阔的→widely (adv.)广泛地 succeed v.实现目标;成功→success (n.)成功→successful (adj.)成功的 nature n.自然→natural (adj.)天然的 beauty n.美→beautiful (adj.)美丽的 introduce v.介绍→introduction (n.)介绍 achieve v.达到;完成→achievement (n.)成就 thick adj.厚→thin (反义词) 薄 (adj.) tour v.& n.旅行;旅游→tourist (n.)旅行者;观光者 protect v.保护→protection (n.)保护 weigh v.重量是……;称……的重量→weight (n.)重量 birth n.出生;诞生→birthday (n.)生日 keep v.保管;保持→keeper (n.)饲养员;保管人 ill adj.有病;不舒服→illness (n.)疾病 include v.包括;包含→including (prep.)包括;包含 south n.南方→southern (adj.)南方的 laugh v.大笑→laughter (n.)笑声
重 点 短 语 到达(某数量、程度等);至多有;不多于up to 醒了 be awake 兴奋地 with excitement=in excitement 走路时撞着 walk into 绊倒fall over 面对(问题;困难等) in the face of (可以)随便(做某事)feel free 做关于……的研究do some research on… 把……介绍给……introduce…to… 赶快;急忙(做某事)hurry up 留学study abroad 就我所知as far as I know 吸入;吞入(体内) take in 冒着生命危险 risk one's life 在出生时 at birth 实现梦想 achieve one's dream 即使;虽然even though/if 大约or so 满是……的;(有)大量的;(有)丰富的full of … 互相each other= one another 自从ever since 属于…… belong to
重 点 句 型 —Have you read Little Women yet?你已经读过《小妇人》了吗? —Yes,I have.是的,我读过了。 —No,I haven't.不,我没读过了。 —What's the highest mountain in the world 世界上最高的山是什么? —Qomolangma.珠穆朗玛峰。 —How high is Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰有多高? —It is 8,844.43 meters high.It is higher than any other mountain.它8 844.43米高。它比其他任何山都高。 The Sahara is about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size.撒哈拉沙漠面积9 600 000平方千米。 What's the population of China =How many people are there in China?中国的人口是多少? China has the biggest population in the world.中国有世界上最多的人口。 China has a much longer history than the US.中国有比美国长得多的历史。 Feel free to ask me anything on today's Great Wall tour.随便问我任何有关今天长城游览的事情。 The main reason was to protect their part of the country.主要原因是为了保护这个国家的部分(领土)。 As far as I know,there are no other man made objects as big as this.据我所知,没有人造的物体和这个一样大。 The book report is due in two weeks.读书报告预期两周后交。 Who else is on my island?还有谁在我的岛上? One of the world's most dangerous sports is mountain climbing.世界上最危险的运动之一就是登山。 The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们表明:我们决不应该放弃努力去实现自己梦想的尝试。 No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean.世界上没有和太平洋一样大的海洋。 This elephant is 200 cm taller than this panda.这头大象比这头熊猫高200厘米。 She can't wait to read them.她迫不及待要读它们。 We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas.我们都希望未来将有多得更多的熊猫。 We should protect whales from killing.我们应该保护鲸鱼免受杀戮。 This elephant weighs many times more than thispanda.这头大象比这头熊猫重很多倍。 Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the forests.科学家说现在有少于2 000只熊猫生活在森林里。 Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.成年熊猫每天花12多个小时吃大约10公斤竹子。 One of them died but the other ran towards my house.他们中的一个死了,但另一个朝我的房子跑来。 She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world will be like in 50 years.她对科学技术感兴趣,喜欢想象50年后世界会是什么样子。 Have you at least read the back of the book to see what it's about?至少你已经读过书的背面,了解它的大致内容了吧?
知识点
考点一 weigh的用法
【教材原句】This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. 这头大象比这只熊猫重很多倍。
weigh v. 称……的重量
相关词汇拓展:
weight n. 重量
weighty adj. 重的,有分量的
短语搭配:
weigh sth. 称某物的重量
lose weight 减肥
the weight of…的重量
eg:The package weighs five kilograms. 这个包裹重五公斤。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·黑龙江龙东地区)The baby pandas often ________ (weight) about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos at birth.
【答案】weigh
【详解】句意:熊猫宝宝出生时体重通常在0.1到0.2公斤之间。分析句子可知,空格中在句中作谓语,句子用一般现在时,主语是名词复数,动词用原形weigh“称重”。故填weigh。
考点二 belong的用法
【教材原句】Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and success, but not about belonging to a group. 如今的许多歌曲只是关于美国的现代生活的,比如金钱和成功的重要性,而不是关于归属感的。
belong v. 属于
短语搭配:
belong to 属于
sth. belong to sb. 某物属于某人 相当于sth. be sb.'s是某人的
eg:This book belongs to me. 这本书属于我。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·四川内江) —Whose volleyball is this
—It must b________ to Carla. She loves volleyball a lot.
【答案】(b)elong
【详解】句意:——这是谁的排球?——一定是卡拉的。她非常喜欢排球。
根据“Whose volleyball is this ”及所给首字母可知,此处指“排球属于卡拉”,belong to“属于”,must后跟动词原形。故填(b)elong。
考点三 achieve用法
【教材原句】The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们表明,我们决不应该放弃尝试实现自己的梦想。
achieve v. 实现;完成;达到
相关词汇拓展:
achievement n. 成就,成绩
短语搭配:
achieve success 取得成功
achieve one's goal 达到目标
辨析achieve、realize与come true
sb.+ achieve(s) +梦想/胜利/成功/名誉
realize 意为“实现”,可以与achieve互换。
①sb.+ realize(s) +梦想/目标
②梦想/目标+be realized
realize 还可以表示“意识到;理解”
come true 主语为物
梦想/目标+ come(s) true
make...come true使……成为现实
eg:She achieved her dream of becoming a doctor. 她实现了成为医生的梦想。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·山东菏泽·一模)The _________ in freestyle skiing aerials (自由式滑雪空中技巧) helped Xu Mengtao win the CCTV 2022 Touching China award.
A.achievement B.agreement C.amusement
【答案】A
【详解】句意:自由式滑雪空中技巧的成就帮助徐梦桃获得了2022年中央电视台感动中国奖。
考查名词辨析。achievement成就;agreement协议;amusement娱乐。根据“in freestyle skiing aerials (自由式滑雪空中技巧)”可知是指徐梦桃在自由式滑雪空中技巧的成就,帮助了她获得了2022年中央电视台感动中国奖。故选A。
2.(2023·江西九江·二模)Last year, we worked together to overcome all kinds of difficulties and challenges and made new _________.
A.celebrations B.achievements C.excitements D.positions
【答案】B
【详解】句意:去年,我们共同努力,克服了各种困难和挑战,取得了新的成就。
考查名词辨析。celebrations庆祝;achievements成就;excitements激动;positions位置。根据“Last year, we worked together to overcome all kinds of difficulties and challenges and made new…”可知,此处应该是说克服困难与挑战,取得了新的成就。故选B。
考点四 excitement用法
excitement n. 兴奋,激动
相关词汇拓展:
excite v. 使兴奋
excited adj.,兴奋的
exciting adj. 令人兴奋的;令人激动的
短语搭配:
be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋
be excited to do sth. 做某事感到兴奋
to one's excitement 令某人兴奋的是
【注意】excited 主要用来修饰人,表示人的情绪状态,用来修饰物,exciting表示事物本身具有的令人兴奋、激动的特性。
eg:The news filled everyone with excitement. 这个消息让每个人都充满了兴奋。
The news filled her with excitement. 这个消息让她充满了兴奋。
The concert was a great excitement for music lovers.这场音乐会对音乐爱好者来说是一件令人兴奋的事。
He was excited at the movie.他对这部电影感到兴奋。
The movie is exciting.这部电影令人兴奋。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·辽宁抚顺·中考真题)I feel ________ to grow vegetables on the school farm tomorrow. I can’t wait.
A.excited B.surprised C.worried D.afraid
【答案】A
【详解】句意:明天要在学校农场种菜了,我感到很兴奋。我都等不及了。
考查形容词辨析。excited兴奋的;surprised惊讶的;worried担心的;afraid害怕的。根据“I can’t wait.”可知,此处指很兴奋,故选A。
考点五 actually用法
actually adv. 实际上,事实上
eg:Actually, I don't agree with you. 实际上,我不同意你的观点。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·甘肃白银·中考真题)—Peter looks like he’d be good at sports.
—Actually, he’s not.(选出能替换划线部分的一项)
A.In fact B.By the way C.Besides D.In a word
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——彼得看起来很擅长运动。——事实上,他不是。
考查同义词替换。In fact事实上;By the way顺便说一下;Besides除……之外;In a word简言之。题干中“Actually”指的是“事实上”,与A选项一致,故选A。
考点六 condition用法
condition n. 条件,状况
相关词汇拓展:
conditional adj. 有条件的
短语搭配:
in good condition 状况良好
on condition that 在…条件下
eg:The room is in excellent condition. 这个房间的状况非常好。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·安徽合肥·二模)— Betty, you’d better follow the doctor’s advice and do more exercise.
— To be in good ______, I will.
A.condition B.sense C.direction D.courage
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——贝蒂,你最好听从医生的建议,多做运动。——为了保持良好的状态,我会的。
考查名词辨析。condition状况;sense感觉;direction方向;courage勇气。根据“follow the doctor’s advice and do more exercise.”可知是听从医生的建议,多做运动,短语be in good condition表示“状态良好”,符合题意。故选A。
考点七 laughter用法
laughter n. 笑声
相关词汇拓展:
laugh v. 笑
laughing adj. 笑的
eg:The joke caused a burst of laughter. 这个笑话引起了一阵笑声。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)Although our school life is a little busy, it is full of ________.
A.pain B.sadness C.laughter
【答案】C
【详解】句意:虽然我们的学校生活有点繁忙,但充满了笑声。
考查名词辨析。pain痛;sadness悲伤;laughter笑声。根据“Although our school life is a little busy”可知,前后句为让步关系,表示虽然忙但是充满了笑声。故选C。
考点八 take in用法
take in 吸收,理解,欺骗
短语搭配:
take in knowledge 吸收知识
be taken in 被欺骗
eg:The sponge takes in water easily. 海绵很容易吸水。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题)—Shall we go to the nature park this weekend
—Good idea. We can ________ fresh air in the park.
A.take up B.take down C.take in D.take off
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这个周末我们去自然公园好吗?——好主意。我们可以在公园里呼吸新鲜空气。
考查动词短语。take up占据;take down写下;take in吸入;take off脱掉。根据“fresh air”可知是呼吸新鲜空气。故选C。
考点九 introduce用法
introduce v. 介绍
相关词汇拓展:
introduction n. 介绍,引言
短语搭配:
introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人
introduce a topic 引入一个话题
eg:May I introduce my friend to you 我可以把我的朋友介绍给你吗?
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·江苏连云港·中考真题)The movie Chang An _________ China’s rich history and culture to people around the world.
A.protects B.compares C.introduces D.discovers
【答案】C
【详解】句意:电影《长安三万里》向世界人民介绍中国丰富的历史文化。
考查动词辨析。protects保护;compares比较;introduces介绍;discovers发现。根据“China’s rich history and culture to people around the world.”可知这部电影向世界人民介绍中国丰富的历史文化。故选C。
考点十 succeed用法
succeed v. 成功
相关词汇拓展:
success n. 成功
successful adj. 成功的
短语搭配:
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
succeed sb. as... 接替某人作为…
eg:She succeeded in passing the exam. 她成功通过了考试。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·四川泸州·中考真题)— Congratulations! Can you share your secret to learning
— If you work hard enough, you will succeed ________ achieving your goal.
A.on B.about C.in D.for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——恭喜你!你能分享一下你的学习秘诀吗?——如果你足够努力,你就会成功实现你的目标。
考查介词辨析。on在上面;about关于;in在里面;for为了。succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”,动词短语,故选C。
2.(2023·福建厦门·二模)________ is not in what you have, but who you are.
A.Success B.Safety C.Service
【答案】A
【详解】句意:成功不在于你拥有什么,而在于你是谁。
考查名词词义辨析。Success成功;Safety安全;Service服务。由句中“but who you are”知,此句是成功不在于你有什么。故选A。
考点十一 research用法
research n. & v. 研究,调查
相关词汇拓展:
researcher n. 研究者
短语搭配:
conduct research 进行研究
research on/into 对…进行研究
eg:He is doing research on climate change. 他正在对气候变化进行研究。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·江苏徐州·一模)The word “wonderful” has a suffix (后缀). All the following words have suffixes except “________”.
A.careless B.development C.introduction D.research
【答案】D
【详解】句意:“wonderful”这个词有一个后缀。除“research”外,以下所有单词都有后缀。
考查构词法。careless“马虎的”,后缀是-less;development“发展”,后缀是-ment;introduction“介绍”,后缀是-ion;research“研究”,无后缀。故选D。
考点十二 even though用法
even though 即使,尽管
eg:Even though it was raining, they still went out. 尽管下雨,他们还是出去了。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·黑龙江·中考真题)I will never forget that car accident ________ it happened so long ago.
A.until B.if C.even though
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我永远不会忘记那场车祸,尽管它发生在很久以前。
考查连词辨析。until直到;if如果;even though尽管。根据“I will never forget that car accident...it happened so long ago”可知前后两句的让步关系,用even though引导让步状语从句。故选C。
2.(2023·甘肃白银·二模)Farmers still work hard even though it is raining.
A.even if B.as if C.so that D.ever since
【答案】A
【详解】句意:尽管下雨,农民们仍在努力工作。
考查从属连词辨析。even if尽管;as if好像;so that以便;ever since自从。even though表示“尽管”,与even if语意相近。故选A。
3.(2023·江西赣州·一模)My daughter is studying in Nanchang. ________ I’m not with her, I have a video chat with her every day.
A.Until B.Even though C.Ever since D.Unless
【答案】B
【详解】句意:女儿在南昌读书。虽然我不在她身边,但我每天都和她视频聊天。
考查连词辨析。Until直到;Even though虽然;Ever since从此以后;Unless除非。根据“…I’m not with her, I have a video chat with her every day.”可知,虽然我不在她身边,但我每天都和她视频聊天。前后句子是让步关系,因此此处用“Even though”。故选B。
4.(2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·二模)As a policeman, Tom’s father is too busy to play with him ________ he expects to.
A.even though B.so that C.as soon as
【答案】A
【详解】句意:作为一名警察,汤姆的爸爸太忙了而不能和他玩耍,即使他期望能这样。
考查连词辨析。even though尽管,即使;so that以便于;as soon as一……就……。根据“Tom’s father is too busy to play with him...he expects to.”可知,爸爸的希望和事实是相反的,此处是让步关系,用even though引导让步状语从句。故选A。
考点十三 amazing用法
amazing adj. 令人惊奇的
相关词汇拓展:
amaze v. 使惊奇
amazement n. 惊奇)
eg:The view from the top of the mountain is amazing. 从山顶看到的景色令人惊叹。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·福建泉州·二模)—With 5G technology, doctors can treat patients thousands of kilometers away.
—It’s ________.
A.serious B.amazing C.valuable
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——借助5G技术,医生可以在数千公里外治疗患者。——太神奇了。
考查形容词辨析。serious严肃的;amazing神奇的;valuable有价值的。根据“With 5G technology, doctors can treat patients thousands of kilometers away.”可知医生竟然可以在数千公里外治疗患者,这很神奇,故选B。
考点十四 abroad用法
abroad adv. 在国外,到国外
短语搭配:
go abroad 出国
study abroad 留学
eg:He plans to go abroad for further study. 他计划出国深造。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·山东青岛·中考真题)Tom, an English doctor, hopes to go ________ for vacation. China is his first choice.
A.back B.down C.abroad D.up
【答案】C
【详解】句意:汤姆是一名英国医生,他希望出国度假。中国是他的首选。
考查副词辨析。back返回;down向下;abroad出国;up向上。根据“Tom, an English doctor, hopes to go...for vacation. China is his first choice.”可知,是希望出国度假,故选C。
考点十五 nature用法
nature n. 自然,本性
相关词汇拓展:
natural adj. 自然的
短语搭配:
in nature 在自然界中
eg:We should respect nature and protect the environment. 我们应该尊重自然,保护环境。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)Teamwork doesn’t happen ________ in the workplace or school. It needs training.
A.naturally B.correctly C.wildly D.especially
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在工作场所或学校里,团队合作并不是自然而然地发生的。它需要训练。
考查副词辨析。naturally自然地;correctly正确地;wildly失控地;especially尤其。根据“It needs training.”可知,团队合作需要训练,并不能自然发生。故选A。
考点十六 keeper用法
keeper n. 看守人,保管人
相关词汇拓展:
keep v. 保持,看守
eg:The museum keeper showed us around. 博物馆的管理员带我们参观。
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2023山东滨州中考) 英汉互译
当我们遇到困难时必须保持冷静。(keep one’s cool)
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】When we are in trouble, we should keep our cool.
【详解】当:when;从句主语是we;遇到困难:be in trouble,句子用一般现在时,be动词用are;主句主语是we;应该:should,后加动词原形;保持冷静:keep one’s cool,此处用形容词性物主代词our。故填When we are in trouble, we should keep our cool.
语法点
一、大数的表达与读法
1000以上的基数词的表示法:先从右至左数,每三位数加一个逗点(即以此把数目分为若干段)。第一个逗点前的数为thousand(千),第二个逗点前的数为million(百万),第三个逗点前的数为billion(十亿)。
9,883 nine thousand, eight hundred and eighty-three
65,359 sity-five thousand, three hundred and fifty-nine
265,468 two hundred and sity-five thousand, four hundred and sity-eight
60,263,150 sity million, two hundred and sity-three thousand, one hundred and fifty
【注意】( 1 )英语中没有“万”这个单位,要表示“万”需借用thousand,如“一万”用“十个千”表示( ten thousand ),“十万”用“百个千”表示( one hundred thousand )。
( 2 )在hundred或通常加上连词and。若读数中没有hundred,则在thousand后加and。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·内蒙古·中考真题)—How long is the bridge
—About ________ long.
A.two thousand metre B.two thousand metres
C.two thousands metre D.two thousands metres
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这座桥有多长?——大约2000米长。
考查数词的表达。thousand前有基数词修饰,不加s,后面的名词用复数形式,故选B。
2.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it.
A.hundreds, to buy B.hundreds, buy C.hundred, to buy
【答案】C
【详解】句意:两百美元足够买自行车了,但是我买不起。
考查数词用法和不定式用法。hundred前面有具体数字时,用单数;动词短语afford to do sth表示“负担得起做某事”。故选C。
二、含有形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的一些句型
①“get / become +形容词比较级+ and +形容词比较级”表示“变得越越......”,and连接同一个形容词的比较级。当形容词若为多音节词或一些特殊双音节词,用“more and more +形容词原级”。
e.g. It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了,天气越来越暖和。
②“the +形容词比较级......,the +形容词比较级......”意为“越......,就越......”。
e.g. The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.你学习越努力,成绩就越好。
③表示“比......大(长、多、宽......)几倍”用“......times +形容词比较级+ than...”结构。
e.g. Our classroom is twice larger than yours. 我们的教室是你们的两倍大。
④表示“重几斤,高几厘米,大几岁等”,可用“表示数量的词+形容词比较级+ than...”。
e.g. Tom is six years older than you. 汤姆比你大六岁。
⑤“one of + the +最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最......之一”。
e.g. Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 北京是中国最美丽的城市之一。
⑥“序数词+最高级+可数名词单数”表示“第几......”。
e.g. She is the second tallest student in our class. 她是我们班第二高的学生。
⑦形容词最高级前若有不定冠词a,这时,它不表示比较,而表示“非常”的意思。
e.g. Spring is a best season.春天是一个非常好的季节。
⑧This is / was the +最高级+名词+ that引导的定语从句。
e.g. This is the worst film that I have ever seen these years. 这是我这些年来看过的最糟糕的电影。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·四川自贡·二模)—I think English is as ________ as math.
—I agree with you.
A.more interesting B.the most interesting C.interesting
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我认为英语和数学一样有趣。——我同意你的看法。
考查形容词原级。根据“I think English is as...as math.”可知,as...as中间用形容词原级,故选C。
2.(2024·陕西西安·二模)_________ we do our homework, _________ mistakes we will make.
A.The more careful; the less
B.The more careful; the fewer
C.The more carefully; the less
D.The more carefully; the fewer
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们越认真地做作业,犯的错误就越少。
考查副词修饰动词和形容词辨析。careful认真的,形容词;carefully认真地,副词;less更少的,修饰不可数名词;fewer修饰复数名词。第一个空格修饰动词短语do our homework,所以应用副词的比较级more carefully,排除A、B项;第二个空格修饰可数名词mistakes,应用few的比较级fewer,排除C项。故选D。
3.(2024·云南楚雄·三模)The ________ you practice speaking a new language, the ________ your pronunciation will become.
A.many; clearer B.less; stronger C.much; more D.more; better
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你练习说一门新语言的次数越多,你的发音就会越好。
考查比较级。根据“The … you practice speaking a new language, the … your pronunciation will become.”可知,此处应用“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”,表示“越……就越……”,此处表示练习的越多,发音就越好,因此用the more“越多”,the better“越好”。故选D。
4.(2024·上海奉贤·一模)The sooner you start, the ______ you’ll finish doing your work.
A.quickly B.more quickly C.quick D.quicker
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你越早开始,你就能越快完成你的工作。
考查比较级。quickly“快速地”,副词;more quickly“更快地”,比较级;quick“快的”,形容词;quicker“更快的”,比较级。根据“The sooner you start,”可知,此句考查“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”结构,排除A和C;句中应用副词“quickly”修饰动词“finish”,排除D。故选B。
三、现在完成时
1. 现在完成时的用法。
(1)表示过去已经开始,持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态。
e.g. They have lived there since 1998.他们自从1998年以就一直住在那里。
I have worked at this school for 20 years.我在这所学校工作20年了.
They have lived in Beijing since 1972.他们从1972年以来就住在北京.
(2)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果
e.g. I have just posted a letter.我刚把信邮寄了.
She has lost her watch.她把表丢了.
Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打碎了.
2. 现在完成时的构成及其句式变化。
现在完成时的构成为:have/ has +动词的过去分词。其中have/ has为助动词,没有实在的意义,常可与前面的名词或代词缩写。Mie has = Mie’s, they have = they’ve。构成否定时也可以与其后的not缩写为haven’t和hasn’t。
下面以work为例,将现在完成时的基本句型及简略答语列表如下:
肯定式 否定式
I/ You have worked. He/ She / It has worked. We/ You/ They have worked. I / You have not worked. He/ She / It has not worked. We/ You/ They have not worked.
疑问句式和简略答语
Have I / you worked Has he/ she / it worked Have we/ you/ they worked Yes, you/ I have. Yes, he/ she/ it has. Yes, you/ we / they have. No, you/ I have not. No, he/ she /it has not. No, you/ we/ they have not.
3. 现在完成时常用的时间状语。
①副词。如already(已经),just(刚刚),ever(曾经),yet(还;已经)等。
②表示到目前为止的次数。如once(一次),twice(两次)等。
③表示到目前为止的一段时间。如for two years, since 1995等。
④表示包括目前在内的时间。如so far(到目前为止),in the past few years(在过去的几年里)。
e.g. He has been a teacher for 20 years.他当老师已经20年了。
I have nown him since we were little boys.我从小就认识他。
I haven’t seen him so far. 到目前为止我还没见过他。
He hasn’t taled with me in the past three days.在过去的三天里,他没有和我说话。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·四川·中考真题)I ________ movies since I first went to the cinema.
A.love B.loved C.am loving D.have loved
【答案】D
【详解】句意:自从我第一次去电影院以来,我就喜欢上了电影。
考查时态。根据“since I first went to the cinema.”可知主句用现在完成时“have/has done”。故选D。
2.(2024·四川广元·中考真题)Panda Yaya ________ to Beijing Zoo for over one year. She is taken good care of there.
A.was back B.came back C.has come back D.has been back
【答案】D
【详解】句意:熊猫丫丫已经回到北京动物园一年多了。她在那里受到很好的照顾。
考查现在完成时。根据“for over one year”可知,本句应用现在完成时,排除AB;和一段时间连用,现在完成时的谓语动词需要是延续性动词,come是短暂性动词,排除C。故选D。
3.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)—I’m afraid the tickets to the concert have been sold out.
—Don’t worry. I ________ two tickets online already.
A.have bought B.will buy C.may buy
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——恐怕音乐会的票已经卖完了。——别担心。我已经在网上买了两张票。
考查动词时态。根据“Don’t worry. I...two tickets online already”可知,因为已经买好了票,所以让对方不要担心,强调过去的动作对现在的影响,应用现在完成时。故选A。
4.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)—Mum, I ________ the living room already.
—Good job! It is so tidy now.
A.have cleaned B.will clean C.am cleaning D.clean
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我已经打扫了客厅。——干得好!现在很整洁。
考查时态。根据“already”以及“It is so tidy now.”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时have/has done。故选A。
5.(2024·江苏镇江·中考真题)So far, some of the dialects (方言) ________ in use for thousands of years. They are full of local color.
A.were B.are C.have been D.will be
【答案】C
【详解】句意:到目前为止,一些方言已经使用了数千年。它们充满了地方色彩。
考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语“so far”可知,句子应用现在完成时,排除A、B和D选项。故选C。
6.(2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)Hurry up! The movie ________ for ten minutes.
A.has begun B.began C.has been on
【答案】C
【详解】句意:快点!电影已经开始十分钟了。
考查时态。根据“for ten minutes”可知电影已经开始十分钟了,用现在完成时,且动词要用延续性动词。begin是非延续性动词,延续性动词是be on。故选C。
7.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模)—Hi , Tom! ________ you ever ________ the ChatGPT these days
—Yes. It’s an artificial intelligence software(人工智能软件)which can do many useful things for human.
A.Have; heard B.Did; hear C.Do; hear
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——嗨,Tom!这些天你曾经听说过ChatGPT吗?——是的,它是一款人工智能软件,可以为人类做很多有用的事情。
考查现在完成时。ever“曾经”,常用于完成时态,又因therse days“这些天”,所以本句时态为现在完成时have done。主语是you,助动词用have,hear的过去分词为herad,疑问句助动词提前首字母大写。故选A。
8.(2023·云南德宏·一模)ChatGPT ________ like wildfire (野火) across social media since it appeared.
A.spread B.spreads C.has spread D.will spread
【答案】C
【详解】句意:自出现以来,ChatGPT就像野火一样在社交媒体上传播开来。
考查时态。分析句子可知,此处since引导时间状语从句,表示“自从……以来”,从句常用一般过去时,主句常用现在完成时,结构为have/has done。故选C。
9.(2023·湖北武汉·中考真题)— Who will talk about the development of American country music next week
— I suggest Brad. He ________ in Nashville, the home of country music, since he was a child.
A.lives B.lived C.has lived D.will live
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——下周谁来谈谈美国乡村音乐的发展?——我建议Brad。他从小就住在乡村音乐之乡纳什维尔。
考查动词时态。根据“since he was a child”可知,这里应用现在完成时。故选C。
10.(2024·福建福州·一模)David ________ a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in Beijing.
A.learns B.learned C.has learned
【答案】C
【详解】句意:自从大卫开始在北京学习以来,他已经了解了许多中国文化。
考查现在完成时。根据“since he began to study in Beijing”可知,主句应用现在完成时,故选C。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
第14讲 八年级下 Units7--8
重 点 单 词 __________ n.& v. 旅行;旅游 __________ n. 旅行者;观光者 __________ adj. 深的;纵深的 __________ n. 沙漠 __________ n. 成就;成绩 __________ adj. 厚的;浓的 __________ v. 包括;包含 __________ n. 条件;状况 __________ n. 人口;人口数量 __________ n. 亚洲 __________ n. 墙 __________ adj. 古代的;古老的 __________ v. 保护;防护 __________ adj. 宽的;宽阔的 __________ v. 实现目标;成功 __________ v. 达到;完成;成功 __________ n.& v. 研究;调查 __________ n. 饲养员;保管人 __________ adj. 醒着 __________ n. 激动;兴奋 __________ n. 疾病;病 __________ adj. 野生的 __________ n. 政府;内阁 __________ n. 油;食用油;石油 __________ prep. 朝;向;对着 __________ n. 陆地;大地 __________ n. 小说 __________ n. 唱片;记录;录制 __________ v. 介绍;引见 __________ n. 行;排 __________ n. 保护;保卫 __________ adj. 巨大的;极多的 __________ n. 大海;海洋 __________ v. 重量是……;称……的重量 __________ n. 出生;诞生 __________ adj. 成年的;成人的 n. 成人;成年动物 __________ n. 竹子 __________ adv. 永远 __________ n. 科技;工艺 __________ n. 法语 __________ n. 摇滚乐 __________ v. 属于;归属 __________ n. 笑;笑声 __________ n. 美;美丽 __________ adv. 在国外;到国外 __________ adj. 南方的 __________ adj. 现代的;当代的 __________ n. 成功 __________ n. 岛 __________ v. 匆忙;赶快 __________ n. 船 __________ n. 工具 __________ n. 迹象;记号;分数 v. 做记号;打分 __________ n. 珠宝;财富 __________ n. 沙滩;沙 __________ n. 自然界;大自然
词 汇 拓 展 Asia n.亚洲→___________ (adj.& n.)亚洲的;亚洲人 wide adj.宽的;宽阔的→___________ (adv.)广泛地 succeed v.实现目标;成功→___________ (n.)成功→___________ (adj.)成功的 nature n.自然→___________ (adj.)天然的 beauty n.美→___________ (adj.)美丽的 introduce v.介绍→___________ (n.)介绍 achieve v.达到;完成→___________ (n.)成就 thick adj.厚→___________ (反义词) 薄 (adj.) tour v.& n.旅行;旅游→___________ (n.)旅行者;观光者 protect v.保护→___________ (n.)保护 weigh v.重量是……;称……的重量→___________ (n.)重量 birth n.出生;诞生→___________ (n.)生日 keep v.保管;保持→___________ (n.)饲养员;保管人 ill adj.有病;不舒服→___________ (n.)疾病 include v.包括;包含→___________ (prep.)包括;包含 south n.南方→___________ (adj.)南方的 laugh v.大笑→___________ (n.)笑声
重 点 短 语 到达(某数量、程度等);至多有;不多于 ____________ 醒了 ____________ 兴奋地 ____________ 走路时撞着 ____________ 绊倒 ____________ 面对(问题;困难等) ____________ (可以)随便(做某事) ____________ 做关于……的研究 ____________ 把……介绍给 ____________ 赶快;急忙(做某事) ____________ 留学 ____________ 就我所知 ____________ 吸入;吞入(体内) ____________ 冒着生命危险 ____________ 在出生时 ____________ 实现梦想 ____________ 即使;虽然 ____________ 大约 ____________ 满是……的;(有)大量的;(有)丰富的 ____________ 互相 ____________ 自从 ____________ 属于…… ____________
重 点 句 型 —____ you ____ Little Women yet?你已经读过《小妇人》了吗? —Yes,______.是的,我读过了。 —No,______.不,我没读过了。 —__________ in the world 世界上最高的山是什么? —Qomolangma.珠穆朗玛峰。 —______ is Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰有多高? —It is 8,844.43 ______.It is __________ mountain.它8 844.43米高。它比其他任何山都高。 The Sahara is about 9,600,000 __________.撒哈拉沙漠面积9 600 000平方千米。 __________ China = ________ are there in China?中国的人口是多少? China has ________ in the world.中国有世界上最多的人口。 China ______________ the US.中国有比美国长得多的历史。 ________ ask me anything ____ today's Great Wall tour.随便问我任何有关今天长城游览的事情。 The main reason was ______ their part of the country.主要原因是为了保护这个国家的部分(领土)。 ____________,there are ________________ this.据我所知,没有人造的物体和这个一样大。 The book report ____________.读书报告预期两周后交。 ______ is on my island?还有谁在我的岛上? ______ the world's ________ is mountain climbing.世界上最危险的运动之一就是登山。 The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never ________________.这些登山者的精神向我们表明:我们决不应该放弃努力去实现自己梦想的尝试。 No ocean in the world __________ the Pacific Ocean.世界上没有和太平洋一样大的海洋。 This elephant is __________ this panda.这头大象比这头熊猫高200厘米。 She ________ read them.她迫不及待要读它们。 We all hope that in the future ______________ pandas.我们都希望未来将有多得更多的熊猫。 We should ____ whales ____ killing.我们应该保护鲸鱼免受杀戮。 This elephant weighs __________ this panda.这头大象比这头熊猫重很多倍。 Scientists say there ____ now ____________ in the forests.科学家说现在有少于2 000只熊猫生活在森林里。 Adult pandas ____ more than 12 hours a day ____ about 10 kilos of bamboo.成年熊猫每天花12多个小时吃大约10公斤竹子。 ____ of them ____ but ______ ran towards my house.他们中的一个死了,但另一个朝我的房子跑来。 She ________ science and technology and loves to ____ what the world ______________.她对科学技术感兴趣,喜欢想象50年后世界会是什么样子。 Have you ______ read ____________ to see what it's about?至少你已经读过书的背面,了解它的大致内容了吧?
知识点
考点一 weigh的用法
【教材原句】This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. 这头大象比这只熊猫重很多倍。
weigh v. 称……的重量
相关词汇拓展:
weight n. 重量
weighty adj. 重的,有分量的
短语搭配:
weigh sth. 称某物的重量
lose weight 减肥
the weight of…的重量
eg:The package weighs five kilograms. 这个包裹重五公斤。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·黑龙江龙东地区)The baby pandas often ________ (weight) about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos at birth.
考点二 belong的用法
【教材原句】Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and success, but not about belonging to a group. 如今的许多歌曲只是关于美国的现代生活的,比如金钱和成功的重要性,而不是关于归属感的。
belong v. 属于
短语搭配:
belong to 属于
sth. belong to sb. 某物属于某人 相当于sth. be sb.'s是某人的
eg:This book belongs to me. 这本书属于我。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·四川内江) —Whose volleyball is this
—It must b________ to Carla. She loves volleyball a lot.
考点三 achieve用法
【教材原句】The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们表明,我们决不应该放弃尝试实现自己的梦想。
achieve v. 实现;完成;达到
相关词汇拓展:
achievement n. 成就,成绩
短语搭配:
achieve success 取得成功
achieve one's goal 达到目标
辨析achieve、realize与come true
sb.+ achieve(s) +梦想/胜利/成功/名誉
realize 意为“实现”,可以与achieve互换。
①sb.+ realize(s) +梦想/目标
②梦想/目标+be realized
realize 还可以表示“意识到;理解”
come true 主语为物
梦想/目标+ come(s) true
make...come true使……成为现实
eg:She achieved her dream of becoming a doctor. 她实现了成为医生的梦想。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·山东菏泽·一模)The _________ in freestyle skiing aerials (自由式滑雪空中技巧) helped Xu Mengtao win the CCTV 2022 Touching China award.
A.achievement B.agreement C.amusement
2.(2023·江西九江·二模)Last year, we worked together to overcome all kinds of difficulties and challenges and made new _________.
A.celebrations B.achievements C.excitements D.positions
考点四 excitement用法
excitement n. 兴奋,激动
相关词汇拓展:
excite v. 使兴奋
excited adj.,兴奋的
exciting adj. 令人兴奋的;令人激动的
短语搭配:
be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋
be excited to do sth. 做某事感到兴奋
to one's excitement 令某人兴奋的是
【注意】excited 主要用来修饰人,表示人的情绪状态,用来修饰物,exciting表示事物本身具有的令人兴奋、激动的特性。
eg:The news filled everyone with excitement. 这个消息让每个人都充满了兴奋。
The news filled her with excitement. 这个消息让她充满了兴奋。
The concert was a great excitement for music lovers.这场音乐会对音乐爱好者来说是一件令人兴奋的事。
He was excited at the movie.他对这部电影感到兴奋。
The movie is exciting.这部电影令人兴奋。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·辽宁抚顺·中考真题)I feel ________ to grow vegetables on the school farm tomorrow. I can’t wait.
A.excited B.surprised C.worried D.afraid
考点五 actually用法
actually adv. 实际上,事实上
eg:Actually, I don't agree with you. 实际上,我不同意你的观点。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·甘肃白银·中考真题)—Peter looks like he’d be good at sports.
—Actually, he’s not.(选出能替换划线部分的一项)
A.In fact B.By the way C.Besides D.In a word
考点六 condition用法
condition n. 条件,状况
相关词汇拓展:
conditional adj. 有条件的
短语搭配:
in good condition 状况良好
on condition that 在…条件下
eg:The room is in excellent condition. 这个房间的状况非常好。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·安徽合肥·二模)— Betty, you’d better follow the doctor’s advice and do more exercise.
— To be in good ______, I will.
A.condition B.sense C.direction D.courage
考点七 laughter用法
laughter n. 笑声
相关词汇拓展:
laugh v. 笑
laughing adj. 笑的
eg:The joke caused a burst of laughter. 这个笑话引起了一阵笑声。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)Although our school life is a little busy, it is full of ________.
A.pain B.sadness C.laughter
考点八 take in用法
take in 吸收,理解,欺骗
短语搭配:
take in knowledge 吸收知识
be taken in 被欺骗
eg:The sponge takes in water easily. 海绵很容易吸水。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题)—Shall we go to the nature park this weekend
—Good idea. We can ________ fresh air in the park.
A.take up B.take down C.take in D.take off
考点九 introduce用法
introduce v. 介绍
相关词汇拓展:
introduction n. 介绍,引言
短语搭配:
introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人
introduce a topic 引入一个话题
eg:May I introduce my friend to you 我可以把我的朋友介绍给你吗?
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·江苏连云港·中考真题)The movie Chang An _________ China’s rich history and culture to people around the world.
A.protects B.compares C.introduces D.discovers
考点十 succeed用法
succeed v. 成功
相关词汇拓展:
success n. 成功
successful adj. 成功的
短语搭配:
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
succeed sb. as... 接替某人作为…
eg:She succeeded in passing the exam. 她成功通过了考试。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·四川泸州·中考真题)— Congratulations! Can you share your secret to learning
— If you work hard enough, you will succeed ________ achieving your goal.
A.on B.about C.in D.for
2.(2023·福建厦门·二模)________ is not in what you have, but who you are.
A.Success B.Safety C.Service
考点十一 research用法
research n. & v. 研究,调查
相关词汇拓展:
researcher n. 研究者
短语搭配:
conduct research 进行研究
research on/into 对…进行研究
eg:He is doing research on climate change. 他正在对气候变化进行研究。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·江苏徐州·一模)The word “wonderful” has a suffix (后缀). All the following words have suffixes except “________”.
A.careless B.development C.introduction D.research
考点十二 even though用法
even though 即使,尽管
eg:Even though it was raining, they still went out. 尽管下雨,他们还是出去了。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·黑龙江·中考真题)I will never forget that car accident ________ it happened so long ago.
A.until B.if C.even though
2.(2023·甘肃白银·二模)Farmers still work hard even though it is raining.
A.even if B.as if C.so that D.ever since
3.(2023·江西赣州·一模)My daughter is studying in Nanchang. ________ I’m not with her, I have a video chat with her every day.
A.Until B.Even though C.Ever since D.Unless
4.(2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·二模)As a policeman, Tom’s father is too busy to play with him ________ he expects to.
A.even though B.so that C.as soon as
考点十三 amazing用法
amazing adj. 令人惊奇的
相关词汇拓展:
amaze v. 使惊奇
amazement n. 惊奇)
eg:The view from the top of the mountain is amazing. 从山顶看到的景色令人惊叹。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·福建泉州·二模)—With 5G technology, doctors can treat patients thousands of kilometers away.
—It’s ________.
A.serious B.amazing C.valuable
考点十四 abroad用法
abroad adv. 在国外,到国外
短语搭配:
go abroad 出国
study abroad 留学
eg:He plans to go abroad for further study. 他计划出国深造。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2023·山东青岛·中考真题)Tom, an English doctor, hopes to go ________ for vacation. China is his first choice.
A.back B.down C.abroad D.up
考点十五 nature用法
nature n. 自然,本性
相关词汇拓展:
natural adj. 自然的
短语搭配:
in nature 在自然界中
eg:We should respect nature and protect the environment. 我们应该尊重自然,保护环境。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)Teamwork doesn’t happen ________ in the workplace or school. It needs training.
A.naturally B.correctly C.wildly D.especially
考点十六 keeper用法
keeper n. 看守人,保管人
相关词汇拓展:
keep v. 保持,看守
eg:The museum keeper showed us around. 博物馆的管理员带我们参观。
◆ 精题巧练
1. (2023山东滨州中考) 英汉互译
当我们遇到困难时必须保持冷静。(keep one’s cool)
_______________________________________________________________
语法点
一、大数的表达与读法
1000以上的基数词的表示法:先从右至左数,每三位数加一个逗点(即以此把数目分为若干段)。第一个逗点前的数为thousand(千),第二个逗点前的数为million(百万),第三个逗点前的数为billion(十亿)。
9,883 nine thousand, eight hundred and eighty-three
65,359 sity-five thousand, three hundred and fifty-nine
265,468 two hundred and sity-five thousand, four hundred and sity-eight
60,263,150 sity million, two hundred and sity-three thousand, one hundred and fifty
【注意】( 1 )英语中没有“万”这个单位,要表示“万”需借用thousand,如“一万”用“十个千”表示( ten thousand ),“十万”用“百个千”表示( one hundred thousand )。
( 2 )在hundred或通常加上连词and。若读数中没有hundred,则在thousand后加and。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·内蒙古·中考真题)—How long is the bridge
—About ________ long.
A.two thousand metre B.two thousand metres
C.two thousands metre D.two thousands metres
2.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it.
A.hundreds, to buy B.hundreds, buy C.hundred, to buy
二、含有形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的一些句型
①“get / become +形容词比较级+ and +形容词比较级”表示“变得越越......”,and连接同一个形容词的比较级。当形容词若为多音节词或一些特殊双音节词,用“more and more +形容词原级”。
e.g. It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了,天气越来越暖和。
②“the +形容词比较级......,the +形容词比较级......”意为“越......,就越......”。
e.g. The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.你学习越努力,成绩就越好。
③表示“比......大(长、多、宽......)几倍”用“......times +形容词比较级+ than...”结构。
e.g. Our classroom is twice larger than yours. 我们的教室是你们的两倍大。
④表示“重几斤,高几厘米,大几岁等”,可用“表示数量的词+形容词比较级+ than...”。
e.g. Tom is six years older than you. 汤姆比你大六岁。
⑤“one of + the +最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最......之一”。
e.g. Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 北京是中国最美丽的城市之一。
⑥“序数词+最高级+可数名词单数”表示“第几......”。
e.g. She is the second tallest student in our class. 她是我们班第二高的学生。
⑦形容词最高级前若有不定冠词a,这时,它不表示比较,而表示“非常”的意思。
e.g. Spring is a best season.春天是一个非常好的季节。
⑧This is / was the +最高级+名词+ that引导的定语从句。
e.g. This is the worst film that I have ever seen these years. 这是我这些年来看过的最糟糕的电影。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·四川自贡·二模)—I think English is as ________ as math.
—I agree with you.
A.more interesting B.the most interesting C.interesting
2.(2024·陕西西安·二模)_________ we do our homework, _________ mistakes we will make.
A.The more careful; the less
B.The more careful; the fewer
C.The more carefully; the less
D.The more carefully; the fewer
3.(2024·云南楚雄·三模)The ________ you practice speaking a new language, the ________ your pronunciation will become.
A.many; clearer B.less; stronger C.much; more D.more; better
4.(2024·上海奉贤·一模)The sooner you start, the ______ you’ll finish doing your work.
A.quickly B.more quickly C.quick D.quicker
三、现在完成时
1. 现在完成时的用法。
(1)表示过去已经开始,持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态。
e.g. They have lived there since 1998.他们自从1998年以就一直住在那里。
I have worked at this school for 20 years.我在这所学校工作20年了.
They have lived in Beijing since 1972.他们从1972年以来就住在北京.
(2)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果
e.g. I have just posted a letter.我刚把信邮寄了.
She has lost her watch.她把表丢了.
Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打碎了.
2. 现在完成时的构成及其句式变化。
现在完成时的构成为:have/ has +动词的过去分词。其中have/ has为助动词,没有实在的意义,常可与前面的名词或代词缩写。Mie has = Mie’s, they have = they’ve。构成否定时也可以与其后的not缩写为haven’t和hasn’t。
下面以work为例,将现在完成时的基本句型及简略答语列表如下:
肯定式 否定式
I/ You have worked. He/ She / It has worked. We/ You/ They have worked. I / You have not worked. He/ She / It has not worked. We/ You/ They have not worked.
疑问句式和简略答语
Have I / you worked Has he/ she / it worked Have we/ you/ they worked Yes, you/ I have. Yes, he/ she/ it has. Yes, you/ we / they have. No, you/ I have not. No, he/ she /it has not. No, you/ we/ they have not.
3. 现在完成时常用的时间状语。
①副词。如already(已经),just(刚刚),ever(曾经),yet(还;已经)等。
②表示到目前为止的次数。如once(一次),twice(两次)等。
③表示到目前为止的一段时间。如for two years, since 1995等。
④表示包括目前在内的时间。如so far(到目前为止),in the past few years(在过去的几年里)。
e.g. He has been a teacher for 20 years.他当老师已经20年了。
I have nown him since we were little boys.我从小就认识他。
I haven’t seen him so far. 到目前为止我还没见过他。
He hasn’t taled with me in the past three days.在过去的三天里,他没有和我说话。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·四川·中考真题)I ________ movies since I first went to the cinema.
A.love B.loved C.am loving D.have loved
2.(2024·四川广元·中考真题)Panda Yaya ________ to Beijing Zoo for over one year. She is taken good care of there.
A.was back B.came back C.has come back D.has been back
3.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)—I’m afraid the tickets to the concert have been sold out.
—Don’t worry. I ________ two tickets online already.
A.have bought B.will buy C.may buy
4.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)—Mum, I ________ the living room already.
—Good job! It is so tidy now.
A.have cleaned B.will clean C.am cleaning D.clean
5.(2024·江苏镇江·中考真题)So far, some of the dialects (方言) ________ in use for thousands of years. They are full of local color.
A.were B.are C.have been D.will be
6.(2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)Hurry up! The movie ________ for ten minutes.
A.has begun B.began C.has been on
7.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模)—Hi , Tom! ________ you ever ________ the ChatGPT these days
—Yes. It’s an artificial intelligence software(人工智能软件)which can do many useful things for human.
A.Have; heard B.Did; hear C.Do; hear
8.(2023·云南德宏·一模)ChatGPT ________ like wildfire (野火) across social media since it appeared.
A.spread B.spreads C.has spread D.will spread
9.(2023·湖北武汉·中考真题)— Who will talk about the development of American country music next week
— I suggest Brad. He ________ in Nashville, the home of country music, since he was a child.
A.lives B.lived C.has lived D.will live
10.(2024·福建福州·一模)David ________ a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in Beijing.
A.learns B.learned C.has learned