2025年外研版中考英语语法复习形容词+副词

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名称 2025年外研版中考英语语法复习形容词+副词
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更新时间 2025-03-25 16:45:38

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2025中考英语语法复习:形容词
知识点 能级要求
类别 识记 理解 应用
1.形容词的种类 ·
2.形容词的位置 ·
3.形容词的用法 ·
4、形容词比较等级的构成
5.形容词比较等级的用法
形容词可分为性质形容词、叙述形容词和其它形容词三类。
1.性质形容词:直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词。性质形容词在形容词中占大多数,它有比较级和最高级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语,如funny,beautiful,hot等。
2.叙述形容词:主要作表语或者后置定语,所以又称为表语形容词。没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a-开头的形容词都属于这一类,如alive,awake,ill等。
3.其它形容词:用于说明事物问的关系或事物的用途、时间、方位。这类形容词通常都没有级的变化,也不能用程度副词修饰。如permanent(永久的),western等。
【练习一】
将下列形容词按照提示分类。
ill,fat,eastern,happy,afraid,interesting,
alone,foolish,Chinese,asleep
性质形容词:
叙述形容词:
其它形容词:
1.形容词修饰名词(或代词),说明事物或人的性质或特征。形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分。
Peter is tall.(作表语)
We must keep our classroom clean.(作宾补)She has short hair.(作定语)
2、某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,谓语动词用复数形式,如:the dead,the living,the rich, the poor,the blind等。
The poor in this area are in great need of help.
3、有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族整体,谓语动词用复数形式,如:the British,the English,the French,the Chinese 等。
The Chinese are hard-working.
1.形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词前面。
I think it's an interesting book.
2.形容词的后置
①当名词前面有表示量度的词或者词组时,形容词要放在所修饰的名词后面。
London is about 2,000 years old.
The bridge is 100 meters long.
②形容词修饰不定代词something等时放在不定代词之后。
Is there anything important in the newspaper
③某些形容词或词组常放在句首或句尾,作状语。
He returned home, tired and hungry.
【练习二】
1.Clear waters and (绿色)mountains are as important as gold and silver.(2023 浙江宁波)
2.But in the USA, Australia and some (Europe) countries offenders also get points on their driving license.(2023 浙江杭州)
3.-Mary is about what she eats.She never has junk food.
-A good habit.(2023湖北武汉)
A.careful B.angry C.nervous D.relaxed
1、形容词比较级和最高级的构成
①一般单音节词和部分双音节词在词尾加-er 或-est,如:high-higher-the highest;
②以不发音的-e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只在词尾加-r或-st,如:nice-nicer-the nicest;
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节单词,将词尾的y改为i,再加-er或-est,如:easy-easier-easiest;
④重读闭音节词,只有一个辅音字母结尾时,要双写该辅音字母,再加-er或-est如:wet-wetter -the wettest;
⑤部分双音节词和多音节词在该词前面加more 和the most构成比较级和最高级如:beautiful-more beautiful-the most beautiful。
2、形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化
good-better-the best
bad-worse-the worst
many/much-more-the most
far-farther'-the farthest
-further'-the furthest
little-less-the least
*注意:关于far的两种形式,表达距离、时间相关意思的“更远的、更遥远的”时,多用farther,而表达“进一步的,另外的”时,多用further。
【练习三】
写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级形式
原级 比较级 最高级
1.young
2,hot
3.lazy
4.good
5.useful
1.使用原级的句型
(1) A与B一样 She is as beautiful as Lisa.
(2) My hat is not as/so expensive as hers.
(3) A是B的几倍This tree is three times as tall as that one.
2、使用比较级的句型
(1)"A+比较级+than+B",A比B更······My room is cleaner than yours.
(2)“A+much/even/a little/a lot+比较级+than+B”,A比B······得多Our school is much bigger than theirs.
(3)“A+less+原级+than+B”,A不如B·····This film is less educational than that one.
(4)“比较级+and+比较级”,越未起······It's getting hotter and hotter.
(5)“the+比较级,the+比较级”,起······就越······
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.
(6)“比较级+than any other+单数名词”,比其它任何的······都更......
Lin Tao is taller than any other student in his class.
3、使用最高级的句型
(1)“the+最高级+of(in/among)”,三者或者三者以上中最·····
Mike is the tallest among the three students.
(2)“one of+the+最高级+可数名词复数”,最·····之一Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.
(3)“the+序数词+最高级+名词单数”,第几······的
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
【练习四】
1. Nothing is than a glass of water when you are thirsty.(2023吉林长春)
A.nice B.nicer C.nicest D.the nicest
2.My geography teacher lives an active life. She looks than she really is.(2023四川乐山)
A.young B.younger C.youngest
3.-As I know,your friend Jeff is very humorous.
-Yes. He is _ person I know.(2023江西省)
A.funnier B.the funniest
C.more serious D.the most serious
副词
知识点 能级要求
识记 理解 应用
副词的基本形式 ·
副词的比较级和最高级 ·
副词既可修饰动词,又可修饰形容词和其它副词,甚至整个句子。
时间副词today,now,soon,then...
地点副词 here,there,home,abroad...
方式副词 carefully,freely,honestly,quietly,patiently...
程度副词 quite,very,so,much,totally..
频率副词 always, usually, often, sometimes,once...
否定副词 hardly,seldom,nowhere...
疑问副词 where,why,when,how...
关系副词 when,where,why,how..
连接副词when,where,why,how..
其它副词 also,perhaps,probably...
【练习一】
1.-Father's Day is around the corner, but I don't have money to buy a gift for my dad.
-Why not make a card by yourself He will love it.(2023山东滨州)
A.widely B.smoothly
C.hardly D.certainly
2.From my childhood,I remember my parents working hard day and night.
(2023安徽)
A.clearly B.patiently
C.suddenlyD.politely
3.-Do you know the Dragon Boat Festival is this year
-Sorry, I don't know the exact date.(2023成都)
A.how B.why C.when
4.As we all know, it's a good habit to get up (早).(2023四川广安)
5.-He is so humorous and kind. All his students love him.
.He is my favorite teacher.(exact)(2023内蒙古包头)
常见的频率副词表示的频率大小如下:
always(100%)> usually>often>sometimes>hardly ever(seldom)>never(0%)
频率副词通常位于实动词前,若句子里有情态动词、助动词或系动词be,则位于这类动词后
面。如:
It's always interesting to watch other people eat.
Why do people usually make rabbit lanterns during Lantern Festival
When we watch movies about the future, we sometimes see robots.
My sister hardly ever watches TV at home.
when“何时”,用于询问时间。
where“何地”,用于询问地点。
why“为什么”,用于询问原因。
how“怎么样”,用于询问方式、方法、途径等。
其它:How many/much 多少;How long 多长时间;How soon 多快;How far 多远;How often 多久(频率);Howold 多大年龄
【练习二】
1.- is it from our home to the museum, Dad
-It's about two kilometers.(2023福建)
A.How far B.How often C.How soon
2.- do you help at the old people's home
-Once a week.We should care about the old more.(2023四川自贡)
A.How long B.How often C.How soon
3.- have you been a member of the Youth League
-For three years.(2023江苏连云港)
A.How long B.How many
C.How often D.How far
1.副词比较级和最高级的构成
①一般单音节词和部分双音节词在词尾加-er或-est,如:loud-louder-the loudest;
②以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以le结尾的双音节词只在词尾加-r或-st,如:late-later-the latest;
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节单词,将词尾的y改为i,再加-er或-est,如:early-earlier-the earliest;
④部分双音节词和多音节词在该词前面加more 和the most构成比较级和最高级,如:happily-more happily-the most happily。
2、副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化
well-better-the best
badly-worse-the worst
little-less-the least
far-farther-the farthest
-further*-the furthest
*注意:
关于far的两种形式,表达距离、时间相关意思的“更远地、更遥远地”时,多用farther,而表达“进一步地,另外地”时,多用further。
【练习三】
写出下列副词的比较级和最高级形式。
原级 比较级 最高级
1.high
2.wide
3.carefully
4.well
1.使用原级的句型
(1) A+do sth+as+副词原形+as+B,表示“A 和B同样··...”。
Lily does homework as carefully as Tina.
否定形式:A+doesn't do sth+so/as+副词原形+as+B.,表示“A在某方面不及B”。
He didn't come as/so early as Wang Lin.
2.使用比较级的句型
(1)比较级+than...,表示“比·····更·-·.”。
Tom runs faster than Jerry.
(2)数字+times+比较级+than...,表示“是·····的几倍-···”。
John can read three times faster than Lily.
(3)比较级+and+比较级/more and more+原级(需要加more构成比较级的副词),表示“越来越··.·”。
The boy writes better and better.
The girl reads more and more carefully.
(4)The+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越·····就越······”。
The harder you study, the faster you will improve.
(5)比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数/比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数,表示“比其他任何一个都··...”,是用比较级形式表达最高级意思的用法。
Tom runs faster than any other student in his class.
Tom runs faster than the other students in his class.
注意:比较级前可用much,a little,a lot,even,still,far,a bit 等修饰,表示不同程度,可译为“······得多或······一点”。
【练习四】
1.Sam did in his studies this year than last year.(2023天津)
A.well B.better
C.best D.the best
2.- Doctor, 168 yuan for pulling a tooth It's only a few minutes' work.
-Well.I can do it if you like.
(2023 四川凉州)
A.more quietly
B.more slowly
C.less carefully
3.Slow cooking seems to hold the taste of the meat much _ .(2023江苏扬州)
A.good B.well C.better D.best
4.The (努力)you practice the greater progress you will make.(2023江苏连云港)