时文热点宇宙探索阅读理解 提前练 2025年中考英语二轮复习备考

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
时文热点宇宙探索阅读理解 提前练
2025年中考英语二轮复习备考
一、阅读理解
China’s Tiangong space station is well-known for its role in space exploration and scientific research. How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working on the space station
For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports can help astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise There is a spin bike (动感单车), a running machine, and other fitness equipment on the space station. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to exercise.
Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they cannot take showers as they do on Earth. They have to find different ways to keep clean. The Tiangong space station has a special bathroom. In this bathroom, they use wet towels (毛巾) to clean themselves.
How is the diet of astronauts on the Tiangong space station They can have bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with pork. There is a special “fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶)”. The food stays cool and fresh in it.
It can be a challenge for astronauts to be away from family for a long time. How do they connect with their family There is special communication equipment. Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls. When the astronauts wear ear phones, they can communicate freely moving around the station.
Astronauts on the Tiangong space station work and explore in space. They help us learn about space and the universe.
1．In Paragraph 1, the writer leads into the topic by ________
A．using sayings B．asking questions C．listing numbers D．giving examples
2．What does “fitness equipment” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A．Things for exercising. B．Things for storing food.
C．Things for communicating. D．Things for keeping clean.
3．How many kinds of food are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage
A．Astronauts hardly exercise on the spaces station.
B．Astronauts use dry towels to clean their bodies.
C．Astronauts have little food on the spaces station.
D．Astronauts can call and talk with their family.
5．What is the best title for this passage
A．Space Station Exercises B．Life on Tianggong Station
C．Astronauts’ Daily Diet D．Communication with Earth.
Wang Haoze, a member of the Shenzhou XIX mission, is China’s first woman spaceflight engineer. She was born in 1990. During her college years, she was at the top of her class. She even represented her school in sports competitions. She was influenced by the professor Gu Fan who is very interested in spaceflight and decided to join the spacecraft research community.
After graduating, Wang became a member of the research and development of new models of rocket engines in Beijing, a new field that she had never been known. Faced with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties. Hard work and perseverance (毅力) always pay off. The first product designed by Wang was praised by a famous expert. She gradually became the backbone of her team.
Three years after working on rocket engines, Wang and 17 man candidates (候选员) were selected as the third-batch astronauts. At the Astronaut Center of China, Wang has faced many challenges. Facing the difficulties, she said she has never considered stopping.
Looking into her first orbital (轨道) journey, Wang said, “We have practiced our maneuvers (演习) so many times on the ground. I wish to fly to the space station as soon as possible to see what it looks like. I want to float inside Tiangong to experience the excitement of weightlessness. I also hope that I can complete every task successfully and make our ‘space home’ better.”
6．Wang Haoze is ______.
A．a professor who is very interested in spaceflight
B．a sports star who represented her school in sports competitions
C．the first woman spaceflight engineer in China
D．an inventor who works in Beijing
7．Wang Haoze could be a famous expert because ______.
①she works hard and sticks to fighting.
②she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties.
③she is born with the ability.
④she designed the first product by herself.
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④
8．What does the underlined word “backbone” mean in Chinese
A．骨头 B．后背 C．脊椎 D．骨干
9．How many persons were selected as the third-batch astronauts
A．3 B．17 C．18 D．1990
10．This passage probably comes from the ______ part of a newspaper.
A．sports B．science C．music D．art
Early on Wednesday morning, a big rocket called Long March -2F Y19 took off from Jiuquan in Northwest China. It carried three astronauts on a trip to the China Space Station.
After about 10 minutes, the Shenzhou -19 spacecraft separated from the rocket and entered its designated orbit (轨道). This meant the launch was a success!
The China Space Station will welcome the new Shenzhou -19 crew, led by experienced astronaut Cai Xuze and newcomers Song Lingdong and female astronaut Wang Haoze, about 6.5 hours after takeoff.
Commander (指令长) Cai is going back to space just 22 months after his last trip, which is a record for the shortest time between missions in the history of Chinese astronauts. Song and Wang, both born in 1990, are on their first space mission. Wang is also China’s first female spaceflight engineer.
This is the fourth time that astronauts have flown to the space station to work and do experiments, and it’s the 33rd mission in China’s manned space program. The main tasks include switching crews with the Shenzhou -18 astronauts, staying on the station for six months, doing space experiments, going outside the spacecraft and managing cargo (货物) and so on.
After launch, Shenzhou -19 will connect to the Tianhe module of the space station about 6.5 hours later. During their stay, they will get supplies from the Tianzhou -8 cargo spacecraft and be visited by the Shenzhou -20 crew. They will come back to Earth in late April or early May.
The Shenzhou-18 crew will return to Earth on November 4 after the new crew arrives.
For this mission, the developers made the Shenzhou -19 spacecraft better by improving its design, so it can carry more supplies. This helps the astronauts and makes the space station work more effectively.
11．What does the underlined word “designated” mean in the second paragraph
A．Planned B．Named C．Changed D．Tested
12．What is Wang Haoze’s special achievement
A．She is the young.
B．She is the first female leader.
C．She is China’s first female spaceflight engineer.
D．She has flown to the space station four times.
13．What is the correct order of the following events
①The Shenzhou -18 crew returns to Earth.
②The Shenzhou -19 connects to the Tianhe module.
③The Long March -2F Y19 rocket took off.
④The Shenzhou -19 crew arrived at the China Space Station.
A．③①④② B．①④③② C．③②④① D．③①②④
14．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．Shenzhou-19 separated from the rocket after 20 minutes.
B．Cai Xuze is on his first space mission.
C．The Shenzhou -18 will return on November 14.
D．Improvements in the spacecraft design allow it to carry more supplies.
15．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．A Successful Launch of Shenzhou-19
B．The History of China’s Space Exploration
C．The Main Tasks of Shenzhou -19 Crew
D．The Development of China’s Space Technology
Chinese astronauts now have a new spacesuit for going to the moon! People saw the spacesuit for the first time on Sept. 28, 2024. This is part of China’s plan to fly astronauts to the moon by 2030. The spacesuit is made using many cool technologies.
①Material On the moon, it can be very cold or very hot. There is also a lot of dust (灰尘). To protect the astronauts, scientists made the spacesuit with a special material. ③Cameras There are cameras on both sides of the helmet. They can take videos of things close up and far away.
②Control panel (控制台) There is a control panel on the front of the spacesuit. It can do many things and is very easy to use. ④Visor (头盔面窗) The helmet has a special visor. It can stop the bright sunlight from hurting the astronauts’ eyes. It also helps them see everything around them clearly.
⑤Joints (关节) The joints of the spacesuit can bend (弯曲) easily. Astronauts can move their arms and legs easily in space.
16．When does China plan to send astronauts to the moon
A．By 2024. B．Before 2024. C．By 2030. D．After 2030.
17．What is the climate like on the moon
A．It’s hot all year long. B．It’s very cold or very hot.
C．It’s cold all year long. D．It’s not very cold or very hot.
18．Where are the cameras
A．On the front of the helmet. B．On both sides of the helmet.
C．On the front of the spacesuit. D．On both of the arms and legs.
19．What is the visor used for
A．Taking videos of things on the moon.
B．Helping astronauts to use the control panel.
C．Helping astronauts move their arms and legs easily.
D．Preventing the bright sunlight from hurting the astronauts’ eyes.
20．In which section of a newspaper can you probably read the text
A．Science Study. B．Sports News. C．School Time. D．Your voice.
So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites and spaceships in-to space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.
Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Change Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’ e l. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true.
Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission.
Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2, 000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground.
From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence (影响) it has on our modern science and technology.
21．In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites.
① old stories ②traditional projects ③ancient famous people ④popular inventions
A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④
22．What do we know about Chang’e I according to the text
A．It protects the Jade Rabbit. B．It moves around the moon.
C．It visits the sun with the scientists. D．It is the world’s first man-made satellite.
23．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4
A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts. C．By giving an example. D．By reporting a result.
24．Which is the structure of the text (①= Paragraph 1②= Paragraph 2, … )
A． B． C． D．
25．What is the text mainly about
A．How to develop our space industry.
B．Why to spread the traditional Chinese culture.
C．Achievements we have made in science and technology.
D．Traditional Chinese culture influencing our space science
二、任务型阅读
It’s reported that Shenzhou-16 will bring international paintings by teenagers from 10 African countries to the China Space Station.
Jing Haipeng, one of the astronauts for the Shenzhou-16 manned spaceflight mission, shared the information during the Shenzhou-16 press conference (新闻发布会) at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China’s Gansu Province on Monday.
These paintings were beautifully drawn by teenagers from 10 African countries including Algeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Egypt, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Nigeria, Somalia, South Africa and Zimbabwe.
“Indeed, we have this special and meaningful purpose, which is to show international paintings for the first time on the China Space Station, and these works are from the winners of “Tianhe Award for young friends from the 10 African countries,” Jing explained.
“At present, we have not seen the paintings. I believe they will be bright and excellent. Exploring the vast universe (宇宙) is the common dream of all human, no matter the race, age, or nationality. We look forward to joining hands with all peace-loving people to create a better tomorrow.” he continued.
“We will take the children’s best youth, best friendship, and best dreams into space, plant the seeds (种子) of science, friendship, and dreams on the China Space Station, and let them grow and bear fruit,” Jing hoped.
26．What does Jing Haipeng do
27．Who drew the paintings mentioned in the passage
28．Where will the painting be taken
29．What did Jing Haipeng think of the paintings
30．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
参考答案
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宇航员在中国太空空间站是如何生活的。
1．推理判断题。根据“How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working on the space station ”可知，第一段作者是通过提问的方式开始的。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据“There is a spin bike, a running machine, and other fitness equipment on the space station.”可知，此处是指健身设备。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“They can have bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with pork. ”可知，太空站有五种食物。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls. ”可知，宇航员可以很容易和家人通话。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“China’s Tiangong space station is well-known for its role in space exploration…working on the space station ”及阅读全文可知，本文主要讲的是宇航员的空间站生活。故选B。
6．C 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了神舟十九号的宇航员王浩泽的经历。
6．细节理解题。根据“Wang Haoze, a member of the Shenzhou XIX mission, is China’s first woman spaceflight engineer.”可知，王浩泽是中国首位女性航天工程师。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“Faced with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties. Hard work and perseverance always pay off. The first product designed by Wang was praised by a famous expert.”可知，王浩泽乐于学习并克服困难，非常努力并有毅力，并独立设计了一款产品。故①②④符合，故选B。
8．词句猜测题。根据“After graduating ... The first product designed by Wang was praised by a famous expert.”和“She gradually became the backbone of her team.”可知，王浩泽非常优秀，逐渐成为了队伍里的主心骨。所以backbone意为“骨干”，故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据“Three years after working on rocket engines, Wang and 17 man candidates were selected as the third-batch astronauts.”可知，三年后，王亚平和 17 名男性候选员被选为第三批航天员。所以第三批航天员一共是18个候选人，故选C。
10．推理判断题。这篇文章主要介绍了航天员王浩泽的故事，航天和科技有关，所以推测这篇文章来自报纸上的科技版块。故选B。
11．A 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．A
本文介绍了中国神舟十九号载人宇宙飞船成功发射以及宇航员的任务等情况。
11．词句猜测题。根据“After about 10 minutes, the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft separated from the rocket and entered its designated orbit”可知，神舟十九号飞船与火箭分离，进入预定轨道。因此“designated”与“planned”词义相近。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“Wang is also China’s first female spaceflight engineer.”可知，她是中国第一位女航天工程师。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“a big rocket called Long March -2F Y19 took off from Jiuquan in Northwest China.”，“After launch, Shenzhou -19 will connect to the Tianhe module of the space station about 6.5 hours later.”，“The China Space Station will welcome the new Shenzhou -19 crew,”和“The Shenzhou-18 crew will return to Earth on November 4 after the new crew arrives.”可知顺序为③②④①，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据“For this mission, the developers made the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft better by improving its design, so it can carry more supplies.”可知，宇宙飞船设计的改进使它能携带更多的补给。故选D。
15．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文介绍了中国神舟十九号载人宇宙飞船以及宇航员的任务等情况。选项A“神舟十九号成功发射”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
16．C 17．B 18．B 19．D 20．A
本文是一篇说明文。主要从5个方面介绍了中国新设计的一款航天服。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“This is part of China’s plan to fly astronauts to the moon by 2030.”可知中国计划在2030年之前将宇航员送上月球。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据表格“①Material”部分的“On the moon, it can be very cold or very hot”可知月球的气候是非常寒冷或者非常炎热，故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“③Cameras”部分的“There are cameras on both sides of the helmet.”可知摄像头在头盔两侧，故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“④Visor (头盔面窗)”部分的“It can stop the bright sunlight from hurting the astronauts’ eyes.”可知头盔面窗可以阻止强光伤害宇航员的眼睛。故选D。
20．推理判断题。阅读全文，主要为我们介绍了中国的一款专为宇航员设计的航天服，这属于一种科学技术。因此最可能在报纸的科学研究板块读到这篇文章，故选A。
21．B 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D
本文主要讨论了中国在给卫星命名时从古代故事和古代名人中获得灵感，并以此来说明中国传统文化对现代科学技术的影响。
21．细节理解题。根据“Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”、“China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e 1”和“For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time”可知，科学家们在命名卫星时依据了古老的故事和古代的名人。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e 1”可知，嫦娥1号是中国首颗绕月飞行的人造卫星。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据“For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist,...So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi”可知，作者给了墨子这颗量子科学卫星的例子来支持他的观点。故选C。
24．篇章结构题。从文章结构来看，第一段是总述，第二段到第四段分别讲述不同的例子来进一步说明主题，第五段再次总结，文章是总分总结构。故选A。
25．主旨大意题。根据“From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence (影响) it has on our modern science and technology.”可知，整篇文章围绕传统文化如何影响现今的航天科学这一主题展开。故选D。
26．He is a spaceman. 27．Teenagers from 10 African countries. 28．The China Space Station. 29．Jing Haipeng believed the paintings would be bright and excellent. 30．我们期待着与一切爱好和平的人民携手合作，共创美好明天。
本文讲述了神舟十六号将把来自10个非洲国家的青少年的国际绘画作品带到中国空间站这一事件。
26．根据“Jing Haipeng, one of the astronauts for the Shenzhou-16 manned spaceflight mission”可知，景海鹏是神舟十六号载人航天飞行任务的宇航员之一。故填He is a spaceman.
27．根据“These paintings were beautifully drawn by teenagers from 10 African countries including Algeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Egypt, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Nigeria, Somalia, South Africa and Zimbabwe.”可知，这些画是由10个非洲国家的青少年绘制的。 故填Teenagers from 10 African countries.
28．根据“It’s reported that Shenzhou-16 will bring international paintings by teenagers from 10 African countries to the China Space Station.”可知，这些画将被带到中国空间站。 故填The China Space Station.
29．根据“I believe they will be bright and excellent.”可知，Jing Haipen认为这些画会很出彩和优秀。 故填Jing Haipeng believed the paintings would be bright and excellent.
30．we“我们”，look forward to“期待”，joining hands with“与……携手”，all peace-loving people“所有爱好和平的人”，create“创造”，better“更好的”，tomorrow“明天”。故填：我们期待着与一切爱好和平的人民携手合作，共创美好明天。
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