Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Learning About Language——高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册课前导学
一、课前预习
1. 重点词汇
pill n.药丸;药片
delete v. ________________
compose v. ________________
surgeon n.外科医生
surgery n.外科手术;外科学
liberation n. ________________
shave v.& n.剃(须发); 刮脸
beard n.胡须;络腮胡子
disturb v. ________________
cigarette n.香烟;卷烟
specialist n. ________________
consultant n.顾问;高级顾问医师
drug n. ________________
skip vt. ________________; 悄悄溜走vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走，跳绳n.蹦跳
2. 重点短语
physical and mental health 身心健康
public facilities ________________
examine for ________________
be negative about 对……持否定态度
have a negative effect on ________________
make up one's mind 下定决心
make up one's mind to do sth. ________________
change one's mind 改变主意
fix one's mind on sth. 专心于某事
be composed of... ________________
consult sb. about/on sth. 就某事咨询某人
consult with sb. ________________
in response to 回答;答复
reward sb. for sth. 因某事奖赏某人
in reward for ________________
rely on sb.to do sth. ________________
3. 重点句型
1. Simply speaking, a healthy lifestyle is about finding the right balance… (现在分词的独立成分作状语)
2. Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier. (祈使 +and+ 陈述句)
二、易错点讲解
动词不定式作主语
(1) 用作主语的动词不定式及其短语常出现在谓语动词之后,而句首用形式主语it代替。
It is not right for your parents to dominate your life.
你的父母控制你的生活是不对的。
It is against the law to abuse his power.
他滥用权力是违法的。
(2) 不定式作主语位于句首常出现在正式文体中。单个不定式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
To get enough protein each day is beneficial to our health.
每天摄取足够的蛋白质对我们的健康有益。
(3) 常用句型
①It is + adj. + for/of sb. + to do sth.
形容词表示事物或行为的特点或性质,介词用 for,如 good, easy, difficult, possible, necessary。
形容词表示人的品格或特点,介词用of,如 kind, polite, impolite, rude, foolish。
It is necessary for us to prevent the war breaking out.
我们有必要防止战争爆发。
②It+be+名词 +to do sth. 做某事是……
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.
乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。
③It takes sb. some time to do sth.
做某事花费某人一些时间
It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening.
昨天晚上我做作业花费了一个多小时。
三、基础练习
1.The conclusion drawn by the team, ___________summarized all the key findings, was both clear and compelling.
2.Learning a new language can ___________ (challenge),but it's also a great way to broaden your horizons.
3.Achieving academic excellence is admirable, but of equal importance___________ (be) developing a strong sense of social responsibility.
4.The article he wrote (base) on interviews with several experts in the field.
5.I missed my train, but (fortunate),there was another one leaving in an hour
6.Marriage without ___________ (register) is not recognized by law.
7.Wash painting is ___________ unique style of Chinese painting, especially in ancient China.
8.Your ___________ (duty) include typing letters and answering the telephone.
9. ___________is known to all, smoking does harm to our health.
10.His writing is so confusing that I can’t make out ___________he is trying to express.
四、思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
Movies for kids and teens aren’t only designed to entertain. They can also include messages about what’s right and wrong, what actions make a hero or bad guy, and how to deal with moral challenges. Consider The Hate U Give, a movie that deals with how teens can use their voice against racialized gun violence. Or WALL-E, which contains messages about environmental destruction and consumerism.
But do children and teens want to watch movies containing lessons about moral behavior Researchers at UCLA explored the question in a recent report. They analyzed over 1,700 movies for children and teens released in theaters after 2010 to see how many character strengths were featured in each film. The quality and success of the films were measured in different ways: how many stars each movie received, how much money each movie made in ticket sales during the opening weekend, and audience and film critic scores.
The results Movies that noticeably featured character strengths tended to make more money on the opening weekend both within the United States and internationally compared to movies without character strengths: This was true even when the researchers accounted for how many stars the film received, and the audience and critic scores, so their success wasn’t just about being better-quality movies.
Qualities like perseverance, courage, and teamwork were featured most often (in over 300 films each). But qualities like humility (谦逊) and integrity (正直) were less commonly highlighted (in fewer than 100 films each). “These are the character strengths that children struggle with the most, and so creators may be missing an opportunity to help children where they need it most,” explain the researchers. The report also found movies made for 13- to 18-year-olds had fewer character strengths compared to movies for younger children.
“Teens are at a critical stage where they are easily influenced by their social environments, including media,” explain the researchers. “There is a clear gap in the industry for content directed at teens that promotes positive character strengths to help youth so they can better deal with the key challenges and changes they are experiencing.”
11.What do The Hate U Give and WALL-E have in common
A. Both intend to criticize racism. B. Both are likely to develop values.
C. Both focus on environmental issues. D. Both are mainly designed to entertain.
12.What did the report find about the movies featuring character strengths
A. They received more negative film reviews.
B. They got lower audience and critic scores.
C. They gained impressive ticket sales.
D. They were mainly targeted at overseas audience.
13.What can we learn about the quality “integrity”
A. It brought success to over 300 films.
B. It needs to be emphasized in more films.
C. It is a character familiar to most children.
D. It was featured more in films for younger children.
14.What is the best title for the text
A. Are Movies with Moral Lessons Popular
B. Does the Film Industry Fail Its Young Audience
C. What Can Children Learn from Watching Movies
D. Are Films for Teens Different from Films for Young Children
2.七选五
So you want to know how to look more confident and think body language is the key Well, if that’s the case, then you’ve come to the right place! ①_________ We will take a look at some of them.
Make Eye Contact.
One of the first aspects of body language we must learn is eye contact. This is a balancing act if you don’t know how to do this. ②_________ Most people will follow your eyes when in a conversation, so it’s important to get it right.
Keep Your Chin Up.
Do you look at the ground when you are walking ③_________ If this is the case, make a change. Walk with your head up and your eyes looking forward. Keeping your head up and facing your conversation partner conveys interest, confidence and other prosocial emotions. ④ _________
How you carry yourself will show the world how you feel — think about it: When you’ re feeling down, you may walk with your head down and everything becomes a drag. When you’re feeling confident, you may stand a little taller. Standing up straight will also lift your mood and start to build that all-important confidence within.
Don’t Fidget (坐立不安).
⑤ _________ Nervous movements, like bouncing your knees or tapping your fingers on a table draw attention away from what you are saying and make it hard for others to focus on your message. Other people may think you’re nervous or stressed if they see you doing these. This will make you seem less confident and authoritative.
A. Standing Up Straight.
B. Slow Your Movements.
C. Do you care about what other people think
D. Is your head always down when you are talking
E. You need to know where to look and when to look.
F. Fidgeting is an obvious sign of anxiety and nervousness.
G. There are many tools and techniques you can use to gain confidence and feel great.
答案以及解析
基础练习
1.答案：which
解析：此处考查非限定性定语从句，先行词是 “The conclusion”，关系代词 “which” 在从句中作主语，指代先行词来进一步说明这个结论的相关情况，所以填 “which”。
2.答案：challenging
解析：考查形容词，句意:学习一门新语言可能很有挑战性，但它也是拓宽视野的好方法。
3.答案：is
解析：根据句子结构，but后是分句，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，根据句意，培养强烈的社会责任感也是同等重要的，可知此处是在陈述观点，故用一般现在时，故答案为is。
4.答案：was based
解析：1.句子结构:句子缺少谓语动词，需要根据句意补充完整。2.句意:他写的文章是根据对该领域几位专家的采访写成的。3.时态:根据句意，应该使用一般过去时。4.语态:文章是被写的，应该使用被动语态。5.固定搭配:“be based on”意为“以......为基础”。
5.答案：fortunately
解析：考查副词。句意:我错过了火车，但幸运的是，一个小时后还有一班。
6.答案：registration
解析：考查名词。句意:没有登记的婚姻是不被法律承认的。分析句子可知空处缺名词作介词without的宾语;根据英文提示,故填registration。
7.答案：a
解析：考查冠词。句意:水墨画是中国绘画的一种独特风格,尤其是在中国古代。设空处修饰名词style,表泛指,应用冠词,而且unique发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
8.答案：duties
解析：根据后面的 include 可知，这里主语应该是复数形式，duty 的复数是 duties，意为 “职责”，表示 “你的职责包括打字和接电话”。
9.答案：As
解析：As is known to all 是一个固定用法，意为 “众所周知”，在句中引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个句子 “smoking does harm to our health”。
10.答案：what
解析：这里考查宾语从句的引导词。从句 “he is trying to express” 缺少宾语，表达的是 “他试图表达的（内容）”，所以用 what 来引导宾语从句，作 make out 的宾语。
思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：根据第一段中的“Consider The Hate U Give, a movie that deals with how teens can use their voice against racialized gun violence. Or WALL-E, which contains messages about environmental destruction and consumerism.”可知，《你给的仇恨》讲述了青少年如何用自己的声音反对种族化的枪支暴力，《机器人总动员》包含了环境破坏和消费主义的信息。因此，它们都很可能可以培养价值观。故选B。
12.答案：C
解析：根据第三段中的“Movies that noticeably featured character strengths tended to make more money on opening weekend both within the United States and internationally compared to movies without character strengths.”可知，与没有突出性格优势的电影相比，突出性格优势的电影在美国国内和国际上的首映周末票房都更高。故选C。
13.答案：B
解析：根据第四段中的“But qualities like humility (谦逊) and integrity (正直) were less commonly highlighted (in fewer than 100 films each). ‘These are the character strengths that children struggle with the most, and so creators may be missing an opportunity to help children where they need it most,’ explain the researchers. The report also found movies made for 13- to 18-year-olds had fewer character strengths compared to movies for younger children.”可知，谦逊和正直这样的品质在电影中没有那么被强调。但孩子们在保持这些性格优势方面有困难，因此（不强调这些品质的）创作者可能会错过一个在孩子们需要帮助时可以帮助他们的机会。所以，可以得出结论：这样的品质应该在更多电影中被强调。故选B。
14.答案：A
解析：第二段提出问题，儿童和青少年想看包含道德行为教育的电影吗？加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员在最近的一份报告中结合电影中的性格优势分析探讨了这个问题。故选A。
2.七选五
答案：GEDAF
解析：①根据上文“So you want to know how to look more confident and think body language is the key Well, if that’s the case, then you’ve come to the right place!(所以你想知道如何看起来更自信，并认为肢体语言是关键？如果是这样的话，那你来对地方了)”以及下文“We will take a look at some of them.(我们将看看其中的一些)”可知，此处是说有很多可以用来获得自信的工具和技巧，G项“There are many tools and techniques you can use to gain confidence and feel great.(有很多工具和技巧可以让你获得自信，感觉很棒)”起到承上启下的作用，故选G项。
②根据下文“Most people will follow your eyes when in a conversation, so it’s important to get it right.( 在交谈中，大多数人会顺着你的视线看，所以这一点做对很重要)”可知，此处是说眼神交流时要在正确的时候看正确的地方，E项“You need to know where to look and when to look.(你需要知道看哪里和什么时候看)”符合语境，故选E项。
③根据下文“If this is the case, make a change. Walk with your head up and your eyes looking forward.(如果是这样的话，做出改变。抬头走路，眼睛向前看)”可知下文建议做出改变，抬头走路，可推理出上文是在询问说话时是否总是低着头，D项“Is your head always down when you are talking (你说话的时候总是低着头吗？)”符合语境，故选D项。
④根据下文“How you carry yourself will show the world how you feel — think about it: When you’re feeling down, you may walk with your head down and everything becomes a drag. When you’re feeling confident, you may stand a little taller. Standing up straight will also lift your mood and start to build that all - important confidence within.(你的举止会向外界展示你的感受——想想看：当你情绪低落时，你可能会低着头走路，一切都变得很拖沓。当你感到自信时，你可能会站得更高一点。站直也会提升你的情绪，并开始建立至关重要的内在自信)”可知，这一段主要讲的是站直身体的重要性，A项“Standing Up Straight.(站直)”能够概括这段内容，故选A项。
⑤根据下文“Nervous movements, like bouncing your knees or tapping your fingers on a table draw attention away from what you are saying and make it hard for others to focus on your message. Other people may think you’re nervous or stressed if they see you doing these. This will make you seem less confident and authoritative.(紧张的动作，如膝盖跳动或用手指敲击桌子，会分散人们对你所说内容的注意力，使别人很难专注于你的信息。如果别人看到你这样做，他们可能会认为你紧张或有压力。这会让你看起来不那么自信和有权威)”可知，此处是说紧张的动作会使人认为你紧张或有压力，F项“Fidgeting is an obvious sign of anxiety and nervousness.(坐立不安是焦虑和紧张的明显标志)”符合语境，且呼应小标题。故选F项。Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Using Language——高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册课前导学
一、课前预习
1. 重点词汇
dizzy adj. ________________
flu n.流感
stimulate vt. ________________
dentist n.牙科医生
sugary adj. ________________
nut n.坚果
skateboard n.滑板v.滑滑板
dynamic adj. ________________
bowling n.保龄球运动
comedy n.喜剧;喜剧片; 滑稽节目
monthly adv.& adj ________________ n.月刊
enhance v. ________________
refresh v. ________________
absorb v. ________________
2. 重点短语
stressed out 焦虑不安; 心力交瘁
worn out 筋疲力尽的; 疲惫的
decide on ________________
make up one's mind 下定决心
be composed of ________________
shave of 剃掉;刮去
be beneficial to ________________
be good/bad for 对……有益/有害
be rich/abundant in ________________
be high/low in ________________
break down (身体)垮掉
cure sb. of... ________________
form/develop a good/bad habit of 养成……的好/坏习惯
live as rich and full a life as others do 像其他人一样过着丰富多彩的生活
put on weight 增加体重
keep healthy both physically and mentally ________________
3. 重点句型
1. Best of all, in my opinion, is how I feel about myself. (how引导的表语从句)
2. I got so absorbed that I played the games day and night. (so…that…引导结果状语从句)
3. I decided to take control of my life and find other ways to relax. (动词不定式作定语)
二、易错点讲解
as 引导非限制性定语从句
as 引导非限制性定语从句时,代替整个主句的内容,并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。as 引导的从句可位于主句前或主句后,也可位于主句中间。as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下结构:
as we all know-as is known to all众所周知
as you see 正如你所看到的
as was expected正如所预料的那样
as we can imagine正如我们可以想象的那样
as is often the case 情况常常如此
as has been pointed out 正如已经指出的
as is reported in the newspaper 正如报纸上所报道的那样
As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically 你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事情,你就会开始无意识地去做。
三、基础练习
1.It is reported that a special ceremony is to be held at the Great Hall of the People tonight_________ honour of those excellent scientists.
2.Seeing a ray of hope, she decided _________ (raise) money for the project with a friend.
3.The scientists are beating their brains out trying to come up with a solution_________ the problem.
4.He as well as his team _________ (award) the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology the other day.
5.Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China _________(receive) a Nobel Prize for her contributions to the fight against malaria.
6.She devoted herself _________(entire) to her research, which earned her a pretty good reputation in her field.
7._______are interested in agriculture and sustainability-related events are welcome to visit the webpage.
8._______he made such great achievements is clear—he devoted himself to China's farming industry.
9.Not only our country but also the rest of the countries_________ (be)greatly influenced by our tea-related customs.
10.He makes it clear that China is committed to_________ (pursue) a low-carbon economy despite the tremendous difficulties that it will face.
四、思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
Theo works days, nights, and weekends in the tulip (郁金香) fields in the Netherlands and never complains about tired muscles. How is this possible Theo, named after a retired farmer, is a high-tech robot in the battle to root out disease from the fields.
The robot rolls along rows of yellow and red tulips, checking each plant and, when necessary, killing diseased bulbs (鳞茎) to prevent the spread of the tulip-breaking virus (病毒). The virus weakens the bulb, leaving them unable to flower. The dead bulbs are removed from healthy ones in a sorting center after they have been harvested. There are 45 robots like Theo working in the tulip fields of the Netherlands. Their job becomes important as the winter turns to spring and peak season nears, when people come from around the world to admire the colorful flowers.
In the past, this work was carried out by knowledgeable farmers. Allan Visser is a third-generation tulip farmer who is using the robot. “You could buy a very nice sports car for the price of the robot,” Visser said. The robot costs 185,000 euros. “It’s a lot slower than a sports car, rolling on caterpillar tracks through fields,” he added. “But I choose the robot because a sports car doesn’t see the sick tulips. Now there are fewer and fewer people who can really do that.”
The robots have been trained to detect sick plants. They have cameras and take thousands of photos of the tulips. Their AI model examines the photos, hunting out signs on sick plants, and decides which ones need to be killed. The engineer explains the robots use GPS to be sure they are destroying the correct tulips. The heart of the machine is the knowledge put into the AI model, which comes from experienced tulip farmers like Theo van der Voort, who gave his name to the robot.
Van der Voort retired after 52 years of looking for sick flowers in his fields. “It’s fantastic,” he said. “It sees just as much as I see.”
11.What does the robot do
A. Plant new tulips. B. Clear troubled bulbs.
C. Kill deadly virus. D. Harvest grown flowers.
12.What can we infer from Visser’s words
A. He dreams of a sports car. B. Tulip fields are low in production.
C. The robot is worth the cost. D. Farmers lack technical knowledge.
13.What is the key to making the robots work effectively
A. GPS systems. B. High-tech cameras.
C. Daily training. D. Human knowledge.
14.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Theo’s Watch: An Advance in Tulip Farming
B. Al Robots: A Replacement for Aging Farmers
C. Tulip Seasons: An Attraction of the Netherlands
D. Visser’s Practice: A Tradition in Tulip Businesses
2.七选五
Successful students are highly motivated (激励) by an inner drive to study well. They have a specific career goal in mind. ①_______ So they form their own good study habits, plan and stick to their study timetable on their own initiative.
If you want to be a successful student, motivate yourself and know that it is only you who are responsible for your study. There are some great ways to improve your motivation.
1.You should write down your educational goals, which makes them become clear.
2.Imagine your success. Experience the feeling of reaching your particular goal.
3.Give yourself rewards, ②_______
4.Seek advice and study opportunities from the good students in your class.
Successful students tend to study hard. They pay attention to class as well as taking notes. ③_______ Outside class they find a quiet study place to study, because they know that academic life comes before their social life.
Set your goals. After setting goals it is important to write them down for many reasons.
1.Goals that aren’t written are only wishes.
2.It helps you make a commitment (承诺) to yourself.
3. ④_______
4.No one wants to regret not doing something they could have done.
Successful students manage their time well by setting up weekly timetable. They make the best use of their study time and find a quiet place and study there every day. ⑤_______ Most of the suggestions mentioned above can improve your motivation.
A.Each time you complete a lesson, do something special for yourself.
B.It gives you a way to see your progress.
C.They make study time productive and not necessarily long.
D.You will be proud of yourself when you achieve success.
E.They know that they are responsible for their success or failure.
F.When you set your goals, make sure that your goals are specific and realistic.
G.They arrive at the classroom early and sit in the front.
答案以及解析
基础练习
1.答案：in
解析：考查介词。句意:据报道,今晚要在人民大会堂举办一个特别的典礼来向那些杰出的科学家表示敬意。in honour of sb./sth.= in sb.'s/sth.'s honour 意为"为向……表示敬意",为固定用法。
2.答案：to raise
解析：句意为:她看到了一线希望,决定和一位朋友一起为这个项目筹款。decide意为“决定”,后加不定式,故此处填to raise。
3.答案：to/for
解析：考查介词。句意:科学家们正绞尽脑汁,试图想出这个问题的解决办法。a solution to/for...意为"……的解决方法"。拓展:本句中使用的短语 beat one's brains out 意为"绞尽脑汁"。
4.答案：was awarded
解析：句意为:前几天,他和他的团队因生理学成就获得诺贝尔奖。设空处为句子的谓语,根据时间状语the other day可知,此处应用一般过去时;主语和award之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语中贪有as well as短语时,谓语动词的数要和as well as前的代词或名词的数保持一致,故此处谓语动词的数应和He保持一致,故用单数形式。
5.答案：to receive
解析：考查不定式。句意:屠呦呦因在抗击疟疾方面的贡献，成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。the+序数词+名词+动词不定式，为固定结构，不定式作后置定语。故填to receive。
6.答案：entirely
解析：考查副词。句意:她全身心地投入到她的研究中,这为她在她的领域赢得了良好的声誉。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作状语修饰动词 devoted,故应用副词 entirely。
7.答案:Whoever
解析：分析句子结构可知,究处引是主语丛句并在主语从句中作主语;再根据语境可知。究处意为"……的任何人”,故此处应填Whoever。
8.答案:Why
解析：句意:他取得如此巨大的成就的原因很清楚一他全力倾注于中国的农业产业。分析句子结构可知,空处引导主语从句,再结合句意可知应填Why。
9.答案:are
解析：考查主谓一致和时态。分析句子结构可知,此处Not only... but also…,连接两个并列成分作主语此时谓语动词要遵循"就近一致"原则,即要和 but also后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。but also 后的主语为"the rest of the countries",谓语动词应用复数;由语境可知,此处在叙述一般事实,应用一般现在时,故填 are。
10.答案: pursuing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:他明确表示,尽管将会面临巨大困难,中国仍致力于追求低碳经济。be committed to...可表示"致力于……"to是介词,其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语,故此处应填pursuing。
思维拓展
1. 阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The robot rolls along rows of yellow and red tulips, checking each plant and, when necessary, killing diseased bulbs(鳞茎)to prevent the spread of the tulip-breaking virus(病毒). The virus weakens the bulb, leaving them unable to flower. The dead bulbs are removed from healthy ones in a sorting center after they have been harvested.(机器人沿着一排排黄色和红色的郁金香滚动，检查每棵植物，必要时，杀死患病的鳞茎，以防止郁金香破裂病毒的传播病毒。病毒削弱了球茎，使它们无法开花。在收获后，死球茎会在分拣中心从健康球茎中取出。)”可知，机器人Theo在郁金香田中滚动，检查每株植物，并在必要时杀死生病的鳞茎以防止郁金香破碎病毒的传播。因此，它的主要工作是清除有问题的鳞茎。故选B。
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Allan Visser is a third-generation tulip farmer who is using the robot. “You could buy a very nice sports car for the price of the robot,” Visser said. The robot costs 185,000 euros. “It’s a lot slower than a sports car, rolling on caterpillar tracks through fields,” he added. “But I choose the robot because a sports car doesn't see the sick tulips. Now there are fewer and fewer people who can really do that.” (Allan Visser是第三代郁金香种植者，他正在使用这个机器人。“你可以用机器人的价格买一辆非常好的跑车，”Visser说。该机器人售价18.5万欧元。“它比跑车慢得多，在田地里的履带上滚动，”他补充说。“但我选择机器人是因为跑车看不到病态的郁金香。现在真正能做到这一点的人越来越少了。”)”可知，从Visser的话中，我们可以推断出他认为这个机器人是值得这个价格的。他提到虽然机器人的价格相当于一辆很漂亮的跑车，但是跑车并不能看到生病的郁金香，而机器人可以。这暗示了他认为机器人虽然昂贵，但其能够执行的工作和带来的效益使得这个价格是值得的。故选C。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Their AI model examines the photos, hunting out signs on sick plants, and decides which ones need to be killed. The engineer explains the robots use GPS to be sure they are destroying the correct tulips. The heart of the machine is the knowledge put into the AI model, which comes from experienced tulip farmers like Theo van der Voort, who gave his name to the robot.(他们的人工智能模型检查照片，寻找生病植物上的迹象，并决定哪些需要杀死。这位工程师解释说，机器人使用GPS来确保它们摧毁的是正确的郁金香。这台机器的核心是输入人工智能模型的知识，这些知识来自于经验丰富的郁金香种植者，比如Theo van der Voort，他给这台机器人取了名字。)”可知，机器人的核心是AI模型中的知识，这些知识来自于像Theo van der Voort这样有经验的郁金香农民。这表明，使机器人有效工作的关键是人类的知识和经验，它们被输入到AI模型中，以便机器人能够准确地检测和处理生病的郁金香。故选D。
14.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Theo works days, nights, and weekends in the tulip(郁金香) fields in the Netherlands and never complains about tired muscles. How is this possible Theo, named after a retired farmer, is a high-tech robot in the battle to root out disease from the fields.(Theo不分昼夜，连周末都在荷兰的郁金香地里工作，从不抱怨肌肉疲劳。这怎么可能呢 Theo是以一位退休农民的名字命名的，他是一个高科技机器人，在田地里消灭疾病。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了机器人Theo在荷兰郁金香田中的应用和其在提高生产效率、预防病毒传播方面的重要性。选项A“Theo's Watch: An Advance in Tulip Farming (Theo的守望:郁金香农业的进步)”既突出了主角机器人Theo，又表明了它所带来的农业进步，最能概括文章的主旨。故选A。
2.七选五
答案：EAGBC
解析：①根据下文“ So they form their own good study habits, plan ahead and stick to their study timetable on their own initiative. (因此，他们养成自己良好的学习习惯，提前计划，并坚持自己的学习时间表)”中So可知，上下文有因果关系，E项“They know that they are responsible for their success or failure. (他们知道他们要为自己的成功或失败负责)”与下文构成因果关系，正是因为成功的学生知道自己要对自己负责，所以他们会主动养成习惯，做好计划并坚持下去。故选E项。
②根据上文“Give yourself rewards (给自己的奖励)”可知，要自己奖励自己，A项“Each time you complete a lesson, do something special for yourself. (每次你完成一课，为自己做一些特别的事情)”中“do something special for yourself”正是自己对自己的奖励。故选A项。
③根据段首中心句“Successful students tend to study hard. (成功的学生往往努力学习)”和上文“They pay attention to class as well as taking notes. (他们上课认真听讲，也记笔记)”可知，本段讲成功的学生如何努力学习，G项“They arrive at the classroom early and sit in the front. (他们很早就到了教室，坐在前面)”是良好的学习习惯，也是努力学习的表现，也是上文“认真听讲，记笔记”条件。故选G项。
④根据上文“After setting goals it is important to write them down for many reasons. (设定目标后，很重要的是要把它们写下来)”可知，其后列举的1、2、3、4点都是要把目标写下来的原因，B项“It gives you a way to see your progress. (它让你看到自己的进步)”也是写下目标的好处之一。故选B项。
⑤上文“Successful students manage their time well by setting up weekly timetable. They make the best use of their study time and find a quiet place and study there every day. (成功的学生通过制定每周时间表来管理好自己的时间。他们充分利用学习时间，每天找一个安静的地方学习)”讲成功的学生能管理好、利用好时间，C项“They make study time productive and not necessarily long. (他们使学习时间更有效率，而且不一定长)”是上文有效管理时间的结果，学习时间不一定长，但更有效率，上下文有因果关系。故选C项。Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Reading and Thinking——高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册课前导学
一、课前预习
1. 重点词汇
tobacco n.烟草;烟叶
alcohol n. ________________
abuse n.滥用; 虐待: 辱骂 v. ________________
physical adj. ________________
dominate v. ________________
repeatedly adv.重复地
psychology n.心理学;心理;心理影响
cue n. ________________
reward n.回报: 奖励: 报酬v. ________________
rely v. ________________
facilitate v. ________________
examine v.(仔细)检查;审查; 测验
negative adj. ________________
escalator n.自动扶梯;滚梯
pessimistic adj. ________________
discipline n.自制力; 纪律;学科v. ________________
2. 重点短语
in response to ________________
rely on 依赖;依靠; 信赖
straight away 立即; 马上
make one's own decisions ________________
lead to more serious ones 导致更严重的后果
become involved in smoking abuse ________________
physical and mental health 身心健康
prevent sth. from sth. ________________
with many attempts 经过多次尝试
act as a signal to do sth. ________________
become pessimistic 变得悲观
begin with a single step ________________
reach the goal of change 达到改变的目标
facilitate a positive change 促进积极的改变
by combining sth. with sth. ________________
3. 重点句型
1. As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. (as引导时间状语从句)
2. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. (条件状语从句的省略，if后面省略了they are)
3. To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. (不定式短语作主语)
二、易错点讲解
状语从句的省略
(1)可以省略成分的状语从句:时间、条件让步方式状语从句等。
(2)状语从句省略成分的条件:从句主语与主句主语一致,或从句主语是it;从句谓语含有 be,包括系动词be进行时态的be 或被动语态的 be。
(3)常见的连词有:when, while, once, before, till/until, whenever; if, unless; though/although; as, as if等。
While visiting the butterfly exhibition in the museum, I came across one of my former fellows.
在参观博物馆的蝴蝶展览时，我遇到了我的一个前同事。
Although astonished at the outcome of the election, Mr. Zhang didn't say anything before his fellows.
尽管对选举结果十分吃惊,张先生在同事们面前什么也没说。
(4)状语从句省略成分后的常见类型:词+ 现在分词/过去分词介词短语/形容词。
If involved in this case, you will be punished.
如果卷入这件事,你将受到惩罚。(省略you are)
If necessary, you can choose me to make the presentation.
如果有必要的话,你可以选择我去做这个报告。(省略it is)
(5)以下为约定俗成的省略形:
if so 如果是这样的话
if not 如果不是这样;否则
if ever 如果曾经有的话
if any 如果有的话
if/when necessary 如果有必要的话/在必要的时候
if/when possible 如果可能的话/在可能的时候
三、基础练习
1.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded __________ success in the end.
2.I have been convinced that the print media are usually more accurate and more __________ (rely) than television.
3.A number of past studies have noted that __________ (physical) active people have much lower risks of developing depression and anxiety.
4.At today's meeting we're going to discuss and decide __________ the most effective ways to study mathematics.
5.The good news is__________ we have developed a vaccine against the new virus.
6.If you’re looking for__________ unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center is the place to be.
7.The teacher insisted that every minute __________(make) full use of to do the work well.
8.He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known__________ (be) the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.
9.Participants, most of__________ are middle school students, will meet at the Olympic forest park.
10.Einstein __________ (flee) to the United States by October, 19.
四、思维拓展
1.阅读理解
Travel allows us to experience the world. But as we travel, we are also leaving our footprint on every place we visit. This is why culturally immersive (沉浸) travel is so important. Because the wrong kind of travel negatively affects the world. One of the reasons we started this blog was to help others travel better and feel comfortable getting off the beaten path, interacting with locals, and take you “Beyond the traditional Bucket list”, if you will.
People who only get 2-weeks off per year are often just looking for an easy destination with a beach to relax on. This isn’t travel. This is a vacation. But “Immersive Travel” or “Cultural Travel” is an entirely new type of trip. It is about experiencing and preserving the various traditions around the world. It’s about being open to new experiences and willing to step into another’s shoes. Cultural travel is jumping in with both feet and leaving your idea about what your trip should be behind you. It’s eating local dishes and sleeping in guesthouses. It’s building genuine connections with locals. It’s learning about the history of a country and leaving your trip with a greater understanding of the place you came to see and the people who live there.
Often times in today’s age, “travelers” will visit a country just to snap some photos of the famous sights to post on Instagram or to drink the night away, or even just to relax on a tropical beach. But that kind of vacation can be harmful to the very communities you’re traveling to.
Beyond supporting the local communities and the preservation of local customs and traditions, you’ll also experience some personal benefits through cultural travels. There’s simply no way to travel this way with a closed mind. You’ll get to know different cultures intimately and understand them a lot better. You’ll also become less judgmental of others the more you travel.
11.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph
A. To stress the negative influence of travel.
B. To describe the importance of cultural travel.
C. To recommend a totally different type of travel.
D. To convey his unique feelings about cultural travel.
12.According to the author, today's travelers tend to_________.
A. establish close connections with the locals during the travel
B. choose a tourist attraction for adventure and exploration
C. show more interest in the history of a travel destination
D. post the photos taken in the journey on the social media
13.What can be inferred about the culturally immersive travel
A. It is focused on studying local people's lifestyle.
B. Its travelers should be open-minded and understanding.
C. It is a specific way to make judgments of other cultures.
D. Its major concern is preserving local traditions and customs.
14.Where is the text probably taken from
A. A travel brochure. B. A blog post.
C. A historic magazine. D. An encyclopedia website.
2. 七选五
Here come some of the ways advised to keep delighted and a healthy mood by Harvard.
Be grateful and say thanks often
① ______. The tiny purple flowers on the sidewalk, the beautiful sunset, and the smile in your partner’s eyes. When you have a grateful heart that is appreciative of life’s beauty, wonder and blessings, you’re automatically filled with delight. Always be appreciative of the blessings in your life. And it’s equally important to express your appreciation to those who’ve made your life better in some way.
② ______
If your tendency is to imagine the very worst case whenever you have a trouble, train yourself to change that tendency. Ask yourself what good can come from the situation or what you can learn from it. Optimism surely fuels success and delight.③ ________. Try to find humor and laughter in life’s everyday struggles.
Understand and forgive
Step into others’ shoes and understand a situation from another’s perspective, and we’re more likely to handle the situation with objectivity and effectiveness. There will be less conflicts and more delight.
Hate and anger are forms of self-punishment. When you forgive, you’re actually practicing kindness to yourself. Most importantly, learn to forgive yourself. Everyone makes mistakes.④ ______.
Keep learning and be a problem solver
Learning keeps us young and olive. When engaging our brains toward productive uses, we’re much more likely to feel delighted and fulfilled.
Delighted people are problem solvers. When facing a challenge in life, they don’t beat themselves up and fail into a depressive state.⑤ ______. By becoming a problem solver, you’ll build up your self-confidence and your ability to accomplish whatever you set to.
A. Be optimistic and laugh often
B. Pay attention to the little details in your life
C. Do what you love freely and live happily in the present
D. Laughter is the most powerful treatment to anger or depression
E. It’s through our mistakes that we learn and grow to be bigger and better
F. Only by making mistakes repeatedly will we realize it is normal to make mistakes
G. Instead they face the challenge and channel their energies to finding a creative solution
答案以及解析
基础练习
1.答案： with
解析：句意为:学生们在功课方面一直都很努力,他们的付出终将收获成功。be rewarded with sth意为“获得某事物的奖励”。
2.答案： reliable
解析：句意为:我一直确信印刷媒体通常比电视更准确、更可靠。结合more和than可知,此处为形容词的比较级作表语,设空处应填形容词。故填reliable。
3.答案： physically
解析：句意为:大量先前的研究都指出,积极锻炼的人患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险低得多。设空处修饰形容词active,应用副词形式。
4.答案：on/upon
解析：句意为:在今天的会议上,我们将讨论并选出学习数学最有效的方法。decide on/upon意为“决定;选定”。
5.答案：that
解析：句意为: 好消息是我们已经研制出一种对抗这种新病毒的疫苗。此处 we have developed a vaccine against the new virus 是表语从句,从句结构完整,不缺成分,所以应用连接词 that。
6.答案：a
解析：考查冠词,句意:如果你正在寻找一次独特的冒险,太空和航空中心就是你的理想之地。名词adventure“冒险经历”,此处表示泛指,用不定冠词修饰,且unique以辅音音素开头,故填a。
7.答案：(should)be made
解析：insist 表示 “坚持要求” 时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用 “(should) + 动词原形” 的形式。句中 “every minute” 与 “make full use of” 之间是被动关系，意为 “每一分钟都应被充分利用”，所以填 (should) be made。
8.答案：being
解析：这里考查独立主格结构。“the most well-known...” 部分在句中作状语，其逻辑主语是 “the most well-known...” 所指代的内容（即前面提到的他的贡献），与后面的 “be” 之间是主动关系，相当于一个伴随状语，所以用现在分词形式 being。
9.答案：whom
解析：这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 “Participants”（参与者），指人，且在从句中作介词 “of” 的宾语，所以要用关系代词 whom。
10.答案：had fled
解析：根据时间状语 “by October, 19...”（到 19…… 年 10 月为止），句子应用过去完成时，其结构为 “had + 过去分词”，“flee” 的过去分词是 “fled”，所以填 “had fled”。
思维拓展
1.阅读理解
11.答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Travel allows us to experience the world. But as we travel, we are also leaving our footprint on every place we visit. This is why culturally immersive travel is so important. Because the wrong kind of travel negatively affects the world.”（旅行让我们体验世界。但当我们旅行时，我们也会在每一个我们去过的地方留下我们的足迹。这就是沉浸式文化旅行如此重要的原因。因为不正确的旅行方式会对世界产生负面影响。）可知，沉浸式文化旅行不同于对世界产生负面影响的不正确的旅行方式，所以作者写一段是推荐一个不同于以往的旅游方式。故选C项。
12.答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Often times in today’s age, “travelers” will visit a country just to snap some photos of the famous sights to post on Instagram or to drink the night away, or even just to relax on a tropical beach.”（在今天这个时代，很多时候，“旅行者”去一个国家，只是为了拍下一些著名景点的照片，并发布到Instagram上，或者通宵喝酒，甚至只是为了在热带海滩上放松一下。）可知，在作者看来，当今的很多旅行者只是倾向于打卡拍照和发布到网上。故选D项。
13.答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s about being open to new experiences and willing to step into another’s shoes”（这意味着你要对新体验持开放态度，愿意换位思考。）可推知，它要求旅行者心胸开阔、善解人意。A项“关注研究当地人的生活方式”，D项“它主要关注的是保存当地的传统和习俗。”答案都太片面化，只能说明其中的一方面。C项与原文实意不符。故选B项。
14.答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“One of the reasons we started this blog was to help others travel better and feel comfortable getting off the beaten path, interacting with locals, and take you “Beyond the traditional Bucketlist”, if you will.”（我们开设这个博客的原因之一，是为了帮助其他人更好地旅行，让他们远离老路，与当地人交流，并带你“超越传统的遗愿清单”，如果你愿意的话。）可知，这篇文本来自于一篇博客文章。故选B项。
2. 七选五
答案：BADEG
解析：①联系下文题,根据后文the tiny purple flowers on the sidewalk, the beautiful sunset, and the smile in your partner's eyes,可知在人行道上的小小的紫色的花,美丽的夕阳,和在你伙伴眼中的微笑,可知,要重视你生活中的细节(Pay attention to the little details in your life),故选B。
②小标题选择,此空是小标题,应该是短小精悍的祈使句推知应该在A/B/C中选择,根据本段第一句:If your tendency is to imagine the very worst case whenever you have a trouble, train yourself to change that tendency、无论你什么时候有烦恼,如果你倾向于想象最糟糕的情况,训练自己改变这种趋势,可知,你遇到烦恼时应该乐观,经常大笑(Be optimistic and laugh often),故选A。
③理解判断题,根据上句Optimism surely fuels success and delight,乐观肯定能驱动成功和幸福感再根据空格下句Try to find humor and laughter in life's everyday struggles,要学会在每日的奋斗中寻觅幽默感和笑声,可知,笑是愤怒或抑郁的最有效治疗(Laughter is the most powerful treatment to anger or depression),故选D。
④文章衔接题,根据上文Hate and anger are forms of self-punishment. When you forgive, you're actually practicing kindness to yourself. Most importantly, learn to forgive yourself. Everyone makes mistakes憎恨和生气是对自己的惩罚,当自己释怀的时候,事实上你是在对自己施以善意,最重要的是,学会原谅自己.每个人都会犯错,E项:It's through our mistakes that we learn and grow to be bigger and better只有通过我们的错误,我们才慢慢学会如何成为一个更强大,更好的人,符合文意,故选E。
⑤语境辨析题.根据上文Delighted people are problem solvers. When facing a challenge in life, they don't beat themselves up and fail into a depressive state.可知开心的人是会解决问题的人,在生活中遇到挑战的时候,他们不会自虐,然后变得消沉,再根据空格下句:By becoming a problem solver, you'll build up your self-confidence and your ability to accomplish whatever you set to,通过变成一个解决问题的人,你会建立自己的自信心和下决心要的事情和直面挑战的能力、由此可知,相反,他们会直面挑战,调动全身力量寻找解决办法(Instead they face the challenge and channel their energies to finding a creative solution). Instead表明前后是一种转折关系,故选G。
