2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语外研版Unit 3 Journey to space
单元核心素养培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
( )1．________ the morning of 20 Septemer, we went to see a film.
A．On B．In C．At D．From
( )2．I’ll try my best to help you, though I don’t know what to start with ________.
A．already B．yet C．ever D．still
( )3．—The population of China is much larger than ________ of America, right
—So it is.
A．that B．it C．those D．one
( )4．Jimmy spent a large number of money ________ golf, and his money almost ________.
A．in; ran out B．on; ran out of C．in; ran out of D．on; ran out
( )5．Alice ________ the station early in the morning, but she still missed the train because of the heavy traffic.
A．arrived at B．reached C．left for D．left
( )6．—Have you finished your homework ________
—Yes, I have. I finished it an hour ago.
A．yet B．already C．ever D．never
( )7．—Was Henry late for the concert yesterday
—No. He got there even ten minutes ______ than us two.
A．earlier B．earliest C．later D．latest
( )8．—What do you think of the film, Nezha 2
—To be honest with you, I think it is the best movie I have ________ watched.
A．never B．yet C．ever D．even
( )9．The ship sends a radio _______ asking for attention.
A．news B．information C．notice D．message
( )10．—Have you had your lunch ________
—Not ________.
A．yet; yet B．yet; already C．already; yet D．already; /
( )11．—Does ________ in your class know how to make it
—Yes. We all learn the way to do it.
A．someone B．none C．everyone D．no one
( )12．—You’re well-dressed today.
—Thank you. I want to ________ a good impression ________ the new teachers.
A．give; for B．make; on C．make; to D．feed; on
( )13．James and I had a fever last night, so ________ of us can go to school tomorrow.
A．both B．either C．neither D．none
( )14．—What ________ can you give me on learning English
—I think you can join an English Club.
A．advice B．news C．message D．information
( )15．—Helen, the advice you gave is really ________. Thanks so much.
—Not at all. I’m happy I can help you.
A．strange B．creative C．unusual D．impossible
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In many people’s eyes, plants are 16 . They can’t walk. And they can’t think 17 us. Or can they A new BBC movie, The Green Planet, gives us a new look at 18 . It 19 out on January10th on Bilibili. It 20 the wonderful and surprising 21 that plants behave.
“The Green Planet shows the secret lives of plants. It opened our 22 to the plants,” editor Elle Hunt wrote in New Scientist.
Plants compete 23 each other to live. Each kind of plant has its 24 ways of living. In the rainforest, only 2% of the 25 runs through it, so different kinds of plants race for sunlight. Some trees use their big 26 to reach light. Some trees make poisonous (有毒的) juice to 27 themselves.
The movie lets us feel 28 at the plant world. It also helps us understand that plants are 29 . “Plants are helpful to all life, including ourselves. We use them for every mouth of food that we eat,” said David, presenter (主持人) of the movie. It’s time to 30 wild plants just as carefully as our houseplants.
( )16．A．noisy B．friendly C．quiet D．exciting
( )17．A．with B．like C．unlike D．for
( )18．A．cats B．flowers C．people D．plants
( )19．A．looked B．started C．stood D．came
( )20．A．gets B．shows C．sells D．runs
( )21．A．ways B．reasons C．answers D．dreams
( )22．A．hands B．mouth C．eyes D．legs
( )23．A．against B．up C．out D．in
( )24．A．long B．new C．own D．short
( )25．A．scientists B．teachers C．students D．sunlight
( )26．A．leaves B．heads C．bodies D．roots
( )27．A．hurt B．protect C．find D．put
( )28．A．happy B．angry C．afraid D．surprised
( )29．A．big B．small C．important D．new
( )30．A．look after B．look up C．look down D．look over
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
No two snowflakes (雪花) are the same. They have different shapes and fall in four different ways. By watching how they “dance”, we can learn the weather conditions (状况).
It’s hard to see snowflakes dancing with the naked eye (裸眼). Scientists can use special cameras to watch them. Weathermen can use radars (雷达) to study these dances to learn about the weather.
How they dance: What’s the weather like
Fall in a line: They fall slowly. Zigzag (之字形路线): They shake a little back and forth (前后). Snowflakes dancing like this may melt and become rain.
Spin: They fall fast. Spin and zigzag: They bump into (撞上) each other and become bigger ones. Snowflakes falling in these ways might bring a lot of snow.
( )31．What can we learn by watching snowflakes “dance”
A．The size of the snowflakes. B．The weather conditions.
C．The colour of the snowflakes. D．The temperature of the snowflakes.
( )32．What might happen if snowflakes spin and zigzag
A．They will fall very slowly. B．They will become smaller.
C．They might bring a lot of snow. D．They will melt and become rain.
( )33．How do scientists watch snowflakes “dance”
A．By using radars. B．By using robots.
C．By using their naked eyes. D．By using special cameras.
（B）
In our daily life, there are many things that can affect our moods. The following are some examples.
Weather Conditions Maria is a 5-year-old kid. She thinks the weather can affect her moods. Sunny days with clear skies can bring smiles to her faces, while rainy or cloudy weather will make her feel less cheerful.
Nature and Outdoor Activities Kate is a 16-year-old student in a high school. Being close to nature, like going for a walk in the park or flying kites, can change her moods and make her active. She thinks doing outdoor activities is the best way to relax.
Success and Good Result Tom is a 10-year-old student in a primary school. Finishing his homework or doing well in exams can give him a sense of happiness and make him feel confident. However, when he fails in the exam, he may be in a bad mood and feel upset.
Health Tom’s grandpa is 65 years old. Eating healthy food and getting plenty of sleep helps keep his body strong. When he feels well, he often feels happier, too. But when he falls sick, he has to stay in bed and will be in a bad mood.
( )34．How many things can affect people’s moods in the passage
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
( )35．Who will be in a good mood when the weather is fine
A．Maria. B．Kate. C．Tom. D．Tom’s grandpa.
( )36．What makes Tom’s grandpa happy
A．Eating delicious food. B．Staying up late. C．Being healthy. D．Staying in bed.
( )37．From the text, which one is Right
A．When finishing his homework, Tom will have a sense of happiness.
B．Sunny weather makes Maria feel less cheerful.
C．Shopping can keep Kate in a good mood.
D．Tom’s grandpa likes doing sports.
（C）
If a friend does give us a helping hand, most of us think it’s a good idea to write them a thank-you note. But how many of us actually sit down to do this
“People don’t seem to walk around giving thanks to people quite often,” Amit Kumar from University of Texas said. Why are people hesitant about sending thank-you notes And how do people feel when they receive one
Kumar and his team did a study. They asked some students to write a thank-you note to another person by e-mail. Then, they asked both the writer and the recipient (接受者) how sending or receiving these notes made them feel.
They found that the students didn’t like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them. They worried about what to say and how to say it.
The recipients, however, enjoyed the notes. “When you are a recipient, you enjoy the warmth of the note,” Kumar says. “How heartful it was! How friendly and warm!”
The writers also thought it might be awkward (尴尬的) for the recipient to receive a thank-you note. But this was not the case. “They (recipients) feel quite happy,” Kumar says. “They don’t really feel awkward at all.”
“If people knew that writing a thank-you note could have such a big impact (影响) on others, they would do it more often,” Kumar says.
“Simple, small changes in our everyday lives can make a big difference in how we treat other people and how we feel,” he says.
( )38．What would the recipients feel after receiving thank-you notes
A．They would feel awkward and uncomfortable.
B．They would be indifferent and did not care much.
C．They would thank the warmth and thoughtfulness of the notes.
D．They would feel worried about the need to respond.
( )39．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “hesitant” in the passage
A．犹豫的 B．担心的 C．拒绝的 D．兴奋的
( )40．According to the passage, why do some students hesitate to write thank-you notes
A．They think it is not necessary to write thank-you notes.
B．They are worried about what to say and how to express their thanks.
C．They believe that recipients feel awkward after receiving such notes.
D．They do not have enough time to write the notes.
( )41．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The study about writing thank-you notes by students.
B．The importance and impact of writing thank-you notes.
C．The ways of how to write a proper thank-you note.
D．The feelings of the recipients when they receive thank-you notes.
（D）
Zhalong is a nature reserve (自然保护区) in Heilongjiang in northeast China. It is one of the world’s most important wetlands. The area offers food and shelter to wildlife. It is an ideal home for different kinds of planets, fish and birds.
Many birds live comfortably in Zhalong Reserve all year round, but some only stay for a short time. There are many fish in the wetlands, and the birds can easily catch them for food. Zhalong Nature Reserve is an important living area for red-crowned cranes. They are rare with less than 2000 in the whole world. Some of them live in Zhalong.
Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. I think that’s really bad because there will be less and less space for wildlife. More and more birds are facing danger because they do not have enough living space. Many of them died. The Chinese government wants to protect these endangered birds, so they can be safe in Zhalong.
Every year a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch birds. This year members of our Bird-watching Club are going to study the different kinds of birds in Zhalong and the changes of their numbers. The study will begin next month.
We do a bird count once a year. We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds. Many people do not know the importance of the wetlands. We hope this information will help them understand it and make them take active action to protect wildlife.
( )42．What does the underlined word “rare” in paragraph 2 mean
A．so lovely B．in danger C．more expensive D．too many
( )43．The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to “________”.
A．the bird count B．this information
C．the action of protecting wildlife D．the importance of the wetlands
( )44．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion (观点)
A．The Chinese government does nothing to protect animals.
B．Many tourists go to Zhalong to watch birds every year.
C．It’s not good to take away space for farms and buildings.
D．All birds stay in Zhalong Nature Reserve all year round.
( )45．What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage
A．To ask people to protect the wetlands and wildlife.
B．To make people know about the Bird-watching Club.
C．To ask more visitors to visit Zhalong Nature Reserve.
D．To stop people from watching birds in Zhalong Nature Reserve.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．It’s (possible) for us to finish so much work in such a short time.
47．We have collected the (late) national and international news and will write reports soon.
48．Parents want (communicate) better with their kids.
49．I can throw the ball (far) than you.
50．Things are much (light) on the moon than on the earth.
51． (没有一人) of them knew what happened last night.
52．Mary has lost a lot of weight and she’s three kilos (轻的) than before.
53．I have made a model spaceship for our school (项目).
54．This is the (最新的) AI tool but not the last one.
55．The (环境) around our town is very beautiful, with lots of green trees and clean rivers.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．太阳和它的行星叫做太阳系。
The sun and its plants are called the .
57．没有宇宙飞船能飞行足够远到达附近其他的恒星。
No spaceship has travelled far reach near other stars.
58．我们还没有在任何其他行星上发现生命。
We haven’t found life on planets yet.
59．我刚刚为我们的校工程制作了一个飞船模型。
I’ve just a model spaceship our school project.
60．科技发展日新月异以至于未来什么样我们完全没底。
The science and technology is developing in a rapid way we have no idea about the future.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
Doctors have some 61 (advise) for people with cough. They are telling people not 62 (visit) a doctor but to drink water with honey or get some medicine from a drugstore (药店) instead. Doctors say if we do this, it 63 (work) most of the time. Doctors add usually a cough will get better on its own in two or three 64 (week), even without medicine. Many of 65 (we) go to see a doctor if we have a cough. Doctors in England say this is usually 66 waste of time.
Doctors say we use antibiotics (抗生素) too much. This can be bad 67 us. Many viruses (病毒) are becoming stronger, so medicine are working 68 (little). These can be dangerous to our 69 (healthy). Doctors say a hot drink with honey is a traditional way to fight cough. Also, honey may be good for children with cough, do you know the reason 70 they love the taste of honey.
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．假如你梦想着当一名宇航员去太空旅行。请你根据以下提示，以My dream为题写一篇英语短文，内容提示：
1. 在很小的时候你就对各种飞机感兴趣。
2. 从此之后，你经常在收看太空新闻，经常阅读关于太空旅行方面的书籍。
3. 10岁时你开始做宇宙飞机模型，现在你已经做了2个飞机模型，大家都说你做的模型很独特，新颖，去年你还参加了飞机模型比赛并获了一等奖。
可能用到的词汇：interested, news, space travel, make model planes, win the first prize
要求：
1.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。
2.词数80词左右。（开头已给出，不计入总词数）
My dream
Everyone has a dream. My dream is to be an astronaut.参考答案及试题解析
选择题
单项选择
1．A
【详解】句意：在9月20日的早上，我们去看了一场电影。
考查介词辨析。On后跟具体到天的上午、下物或晚上；In 后跟年、月、季节等；At 后跟具体的钟点时刻；From 从。空后“the morning of 20 Septemer”表示具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上时，所以空处用介词“on”，故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：我会尽力帮助你，尽管我还不知道从哪里开始。
考查副词辨析。already已经；yet还；ever曾经；still仍然。根据“I’ll try my best to help you, though I don’t know what to start with”可知，还不知道从哪里开始，此处强调“还”不知道，因此此处应用yet。故选B。
3．A
【详解】句意：——中国的人口比美国的人口多得多，对吗？——没错。
考查代词用法。that那个；it它；those那些；one一个。空处为代词指代美国的人口，表示单数意义，与上文提到的事物是同类，要用that。故选A。
4．D
【详解】句意：Jimmy在高尔夫上花了很多钱，他的钱几乎用完了。
考查介词辨析和动词短语。in在……里；on在……上；ran out用尽，主语通常为人；ran out of用尽，后要接宾语，主语通常为物。根据“Jimmy spent a large number of money...golf”可知，“spend+金钱+on sth.”表示“在某事上花费……钱”，故第一空应用on；根据“and his money almost”可知，这里“his money”（他的钱）作主语，是物，所以要用ran out。故选D。
5．C
【详解】句意：爱丽丝一大早便动身去车站，但由于交通拥堵，她还是错过了火车。
考查词汇辨析。arrived at到达（后接小地点）；reached到达；left for动身去；left离开。根据“Alice ... the station early in the morning, but she still missed the train because of the heavy traffic.”可知由于交通拥堵错过了火车，说明没及时到达车站，此处是很早就动身去车站了。故选C。
6．A
【详解】句意：——你完成你的家庭作业了吗？——对，我已经完成了。一个小时前完成了。
考查副词辨析。yet已经，还，常用于一般疑问句中；already已经，常用于肯定句中；ever曾经；never从不。根据“Have you finished your homework”可知，这是在询问已经完成作业没，一般疑问句。故选A。
7．A
【详解】句意：——亨利昨天音乐会迟到了吗？——没有。他甚至比我们两个人早到了十分钟。
考查形容词比较级用法。earlier更早的；earliest最早的；later更晚的；latest最晚的。根据语境可知，此处是在将亨利和我们两个人到达音乐会的时间进行比较，应该用比较级形式，排除选项B和选项D；根据“No”和“even ten minutes”可知，亨利比我们早到了十分钟，所以应该用earlier。故选A。
8．C
【详解】句意：——你觉得电影《哪吒2》怎么样？——说实话，我认为这是我看过的最好的电影。
考查副词辨析。never从未；yet还；ever曾经；even甚至。根据“I think it is the best movie I have ... watched”可知，这里表示“曾经看过的最好的电影”，强调“曾经”，故选C。
9．D
【详解】句意：这艘船发出无线电信息请求注意。
考查名词辨析。news新闻，通常用于报告事件；information信息，指广义的数据、知识或事实，可以是数字、文字、图像等形式；notice通知，通常用于正式场合；message信息，指通过特定渠道传递的、有明确意图和接收者的信息片段。根据题干可知，此处指船通过无线电发送的信息。故选D。
10．A
【详解】句意：——你吃午饭了吗？——还没有。
考查副词辨析。yet还，用于否定句和疑问句，且用在句子末尾；already已经，用于肯定句。根据“Have you had your lunch … ”及“Not ….”可知，第一空为疑问句，第二空为否定句，应均用yet。故选A。
11．C
【详解】句意：——你们班里面所有人都知道怎么制作它吗？——是啊。我们都学会了制作它的方法。
考查代词辨析。someone某人；none没有人；everyone每个人；no one没有人。根据“Yes. We all learn the way to do it.”可知，此处应是询问是不是每个人都知道制作方法，应用everyone。故选C。
12．B
【详解】句意：——你今天穿得很得体。——谢谢你！我想给新老师留个好印象。
考查短语辨析。give…for给……；make…on让……处于；make…to使……；feed…on以……为食。根据“I want to…a good impression…the new teachers.”可知，此处指的是想给新老师留个好印象，make an impression on sb“给某人留下印象”。故选B。
13．C
【详解】句意：James和我昨晚都发烧了。因此，我们两人明天都不能去上学。
考查代词辨析。both两者都；either两者中的任何一个；neither两者都不；none三者或三者以上都不。根据“James and I had a fever last night, so … of us can go to school tomorrow.”可知，James和我因为都发烧了，所以两人明天都不能去上学。neither “两者都不”，符合题意。故选C。
14．A
【详解】句意：关于学英语，你能给我什么建议呢？——我认为你可以加入一个英语俱乐部。
考查名词辨析。advice建议；news新闻；message信息；information信息，情报。根据“I think you can join an English Club.”可知，此处是询问学习英语的建议。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：——Helen，你的建议很有创意。非常感谢。——不客气。我很高兴我能帮助你。
考查形容词辨析。strange奇怪的；creative有创意的；unusual不寻常的；impossible不可能的。根据“I’m happy I can help you.”可知，对方所提供的建议很有创意，故选B。
二、完型填空
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了植物不为人知的奇妙的行为方式。
16．句意：在很多人眼里，植物是安静的。
noisy吵闹的；friendly友好的；quiet安静的；exciting兴奋的。根据“They can’t walk.”以及结合常识可知，植物是安静的。故选C。
17．句意：它们不能像我们一样思考。
with和；like像；unlike不像；for为了。根据“And they can’t think…us.”可知，此处说的是“不能像我们一样思考”。故选B。
18．句意：BBC的一部新电影《绿色星球》让我们对植物有了新的认识。
cats猫；flowers花；people人们；plants植物。根据“The Green Planet”可知，这部电影的名字和植物有关，因此应该是“对植物的认识”。故选D。
19．句意：它于1月10日在哔哩哔哩发行。
looked看；started开始；stood站；came来。根据“on January10th on Bilibili.”可知，come out意为“发行”，固定词组，此处指的是“在哔哩哔哩发行”。故选D。
20．句意：它展示了植物奇妙而令人惊讶的行为方式。
gets到达；shows展示；sells卖；runs跑步。根据“The Green Planet shows the secret lives of plants”可知，此处说的是“展示了植物的行为”。故选B。
21．句意：它展示了植物奇妙而令人惊讶的行为方式。
ways方式；reasons理由；answers回答；dreams梦想。根据下文“ways of living”可知，此处描述的是“行为方式”。故选A。
22．句意：它让我们对植物大开眼界。
hands手；mouth嘴；eyes眼睛；legs腿。open one’s eyes意为“让某人大开眼界”，固定词组。故选C。
23．句意：植物为了生存而相互竞争。
against反对；up向上；out外面；in在……里面。compete against意为“竞争”，固定词组。故选A。
24．句意：每种植物都有自己的生活方式。
long长的；new新的；own自己的；short短的。根据“Each kind of plant has its…ways of living.”可知，此处指的是“它们自己的生活方式”。故选C。
25．句意：在雨林中，只有2%的阳光穿过它，所以不同种类的植物争夺阳光。
scientists科学家；teachers教师；students学生；sunlight阳光。根据“so different kinds of plants race for sunlight.”可知，此处指的是“只有2%的阳光”。故选D。
26．句意：一些树用它们的大叶子来吸收阳光。
leaves叶子；heads头；bodies身体；roots根部。根据“Some trees use their big…to reach light.”以及常识可知，此处指的是“用它们的大叶子来吸收阳光”。故选A。
27．句意：一些树分泌有毒的汁液来保护自己。
hurt伤害；protect保护；find发现；put放。根据“Some trees make poisonous (有毒的) juice to…themselves.”以及常识可知，此处指的是“保护自己”。故选B。
28．句意：这部电影让我们对植物世界感到惊讶。
happy开心的；angry生气的；afraid害怕的；surprised惊讶的。根据上文“wonderful and surprising”可知，此处应该说的是“让我们对植物世界感到惊讶”。故选D。
29．句意：这也有助于我们理解植物的重要性。
big大的；small小的；important重要的；new新的。根据“Plants are helpful to all life, including ourselves. We use them for every mouth of food that we eat,”可知，此处描述的是“植物的重要性”。故选C。
30．句意：是时候像照顾室内植物一样照顾野生植物了。
look after照顾；look up查阅；look down俯视；look over检查。根据“just as carefully as our houseplants.”可知，此处指的是“照顾野生植物”。故选A。
三、阅读单选
（A）、31．B 32．C 33．D
【导语】本文介绍了了雪花的不同下落方式以及由此判断的天气状况，帮助人们了解雪花“跳舞”背后的科学。
31．细节理解题。根据“By watching how they ‘dance’, we can learn the weather conditions (状况).”可知，观看雪花“舞蹈”能了解天气状况。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“Snowflakes falling in these ways might bring a lot of snow.”可知，如果雪花在空中旋转并呈之字形下降，可能会带来大量降雪，故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“Scientists can use special cameras to watch them.”可知，科学家使用特殊摄像机来观察雪花的“舞蹈”。故选D。
（B）、34．D 35．A 36．C 37．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了日常生活中影响人们心情的几种因素，包括天气、自然与户外活动、成功与好成绩以及健康。
34．细节理解题。根据表格一“Weather Conditions”，表格二“Nature and Outdoor Activities”，表格三“Success and Good Result”和表格四“Health”可知，文章提到了天气、自然与户外活动、成功与好成绩以及健康这四种影响心情的因素。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据表格一“Maria is a 5-year-old kid. She thinks the weather can affect her moods. Sunny days with clear skies can bring smiles to her faces, while rainy or cloudy weather will make her feel less cheerful.”可知，玛丽亚在天气好的时候心情会很好。故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据表格四“Tom’s grandpa is 65 years old. Eating healthy food and getting plenty of sleep helps keep his body strong, When he feels well, he often feels happier, too.”可知，汤姆的爷爷在身体健康时会感到快乐。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据表格三“Tom is a 10-year-old student in a primary school. Finishing his homework or doing well in exams can give him a sense of happiness”可知，当汤姆完成作业时，他会感到快乐。故选A。
（C）、38．C 39．A 40．B 41．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过引用研究结果和专家观点，探讨了人们写感谢信的心理障碍及其对接受者的积极影响。
38．细节理解题。根据“‘When you are a recipient, you enjoy the warmth of the note,’ Kumar says. ‘How heartful it was! How friendly and warm!’”可知，接受者感受到的是温暖和体贴，而不是尴尬或冷漠。故选C。
39．词句猜测题。根据“Why are people hesitant about sending thank-you notes ”可知，人们对于发送感谢信感到犹豫，因此“hesitant”在这里的意思是“犹豫的”。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据“They found that the students didn’t like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them. They worried about what to say and how to say it.”可知，学生们不喜欢写感谢信，因为他们觉得需要思考太多，担心该说什么以及如何表达。故选B。
41．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过研究指出，虽然写感谢信的人可能会感到犹豫，但接受者会感到非常开心和温暖。最后，作者强调写感谢信对他人有积极的影响，并鼓励人们多写感谢信。故选B。
（D）、42．B 43．D 44．C 45．A
【导语】本文介绍了中国黑龙江扎龙自然保护区作为重要湿地的生态价值，强调了其对野生动物的保护作用，并呼吁人们关注湿地的保护，积极参与保护野生动物的行动。
42．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“They are rare with less than 2000 in the whole world.”可知，丹顶鹤的数量非常少，全球不到2000只。因此，“rare”在这里表示“稀有的”或“濒危的”。选项中意思最接近的是B项“in danger”。故选B。
43．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Many people do not know the importance of the wetlands. We hope this information will help them understand it and make them take active action to protect wildlife.”可知，“it”指代的是前文提到的“the importance of the wetlands”，即湿地的重要性。故选D。
44．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. I think that’s really bad because there will be less and less space for wildlife.”可知，作者认为将湿地改为农田和建筑用地是不好的，因为这会导致野生动物的生存空间减少。由此可推知C项“将土地用于农场和建筑是不好的。”是作者的观点。故选C。
45．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者通过介绍扎龙自然保护区的重要性、面临的威胁以及呼吁人们保护湿地和野生动物，旨在号召人们采取行动保护湿地和野生动物。故选A。
非选择题
四、词汇应用
46．impossible
【详解】句意：我们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么多工作。根据“so much work in such a short time”可知，完成如此多工作在如此短时间内是不可能的，用possible的反义词impossible“不可能的”，作表语。故填impossible。
47．latest
【详解】句意：我们已经收集了最新的国内和国际新闻，并将很快撰写报道。late“晚的”，有定冠词the修饰，用最高级，故填latest。
48．to communicate
【详解】句意：父母想要与孩子更好地沟通。want to do sth“想要做某事”，为固定短语，故填to communicate。
49．farther
【详解】句意：我能把球扔得比你远。根据than可知，此空应填比较级，强调距离上的远，比较级是farther，故填farther。
50．lighter
【详解】句意：月球上的东西比地球上的轻得多。根据“than”可知，应该填形容词比较级lighter。故填lighter。
51．None
【详解】句意：他们中没有一个人知道昨晚发生了什么。根据括号里汉语意思并结合空后“them”可知，该空表否定且使用范围超过三人，应用“none”,首字母大写。故填None。
52．lighter
【详解】句意：玛丽瘦了很多，比以前轻了三公斤。light“轻的”，根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，故填lighter。
53．project
【详解】句意：我为我们学校的项目制作了一艘宇宙飞船模型。project“项目”，名词，根据句意可知，此处应用单数形式。故填project。
54．latest
【详解】句意：这是最新的人工智能工具，但不是最后一个。根据汉语提示可知，空格应用形容词latest“最新的”作定语修饰AI tool。故填latest。
55．environment
【详解】句意：我们镇上的环境非常美丽，由许多绿树和清澈的河流。“环境”为environment，是不可数名词，故填environment。
五、完成句子
56．solar system
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“太阳系”。“太阳系”的英文表达为“solar system”，故填solar；system。
57．enough to
【详解】adj + enough to do sth表示“足够……做某事”，动词不定式作结果状语。故填enough；to。
58．any other
【详解】any other表示“任何其他”，后跟单数名词，是指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或事物。故填any；other。
59．made for
【详解】make“制作”，动词；make sth for sb“为某人制作某物”。空一处需用过去分词made，与空前have构成现在完成时。故填made；for。
60．such that
【详解】“such a+形容词+名词+that从句”结构表示“如此……以至于……”，根据“a rapid way”和“we have no idea about the future”可知，本题应该用such...that引导结果状语从句。故填such；that。
六、短文语法填空
61．advice 62．to visit 63．will work 64．weeks 65．us 66．a 67．for 68．less 69．health 70．Because
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了医生对咳嗽患者的建议，包括少用抗生素、多喝蜂蜜水等方法，并解释了这些方法的原因及其对孩子们的适用性。
61．句意：医生对于咳嗽的人们有一些建议。advise 是动词，这里需要填入一个名词。advice 是不可数名词，表示“建议”。故填advice。
62．句意：他们告诉人们不要去看医生，而是要喝加蜂蜜的水或者在药店买一些药。tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”。故填to visit。
63．句意：医生说如果我们这样做，大多数时候是有效果的。根据“if we do this”可知，此处应用一般将来时，结构是 will+动词原形。故填will work。
64．句意：医生说通常咳嗽会在两到三个星期内自行好转，即使没有药物。week 是可数名词，意为“周，星期”，其前有数词 two or three 修饰，应用复数形式。故填weeks。
65．句意：我们中的许多人一咳嗽就看医生。of 是介词，后面跟人称代词宾格形式，we 的宾格是 us。故填us。
66．句意：英格兰的医生说这通常是浪费时间。短语a waste of time “浪费时间”。故填a。
67．句意：这对我们不好。短语be bad for“对……有害”。故填for。
68．句意：许多病毒变得更强，所以药物效果更差。根据“Many viruses are becoming stronger”可知，此处是指药物效果更差，暗含比较的含义，little的比较级是 less。故填less。
69．句意：这些可能对我们的健康有害。our是形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词，healthy是形容词，其名词是health。故填health。
70．句意：因为他们喜欢蜂蜜的味道。根据“do you know the reason ”可知，空格处是在说明原因，用because引导。故填Because。
七、材料作文
71．例文：
My dream
Everyone has a dream. My dream is to be an astronaut in the future. When I was very young, I was interested in different kinds of planes. Then I often watched the news about the space travel on TV and on the Internet. I like the shows very much. Sometimes I also read some books about the space travel, too. At the age of ten, I began to make model planes alone. I have made two model planes so far. Many people say they are quite unique and new. I feel very proud. Last year, I also entered a model plane competition. I also won the first prize for it. I decided to study harder to be an astronaut in the future.
I hope that my dream will come true soon.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，不要遗漏要点，注意正确使用人称和时态。
[写作步骤]
第一步，概述自己的梦想；
第二步，结合自己的经历具体介绍对太空的热爱；
第三步，表达作者希望自己的梦想成真。
[亮点词汇]
①alone独自
②so far到目前为止
③different kinds of各种各样的……
④begin to do sth开始做某事
[高分句型]
①I decided to study harder to be an astronaut in the future.（不定式结构“to be an astronaut”表达目的）
②I hope that my dream will come true soon.（that引导的宾语从句）
