译林版英语六年级下册 Unit 3 - 4 语法专练
学生_______ 姓名______ 班级_______ 考号_______
一、单项选择(每题2分,共40分)
1. —Excuse me, where is the hospital
—You can take Bus No. 5 and get off ______ the second stop.
A. in B. at C. on
2. Turn left ______ the traffic lights.
A. on B. at C. in
3. My sister ______ a headache. She needs to see the doctor.
A. have B. has C. having
4. —How can I ______ the cinema
—Go straight on and turn right.
A. get B. get to C. arrive
5. There ______ a bookshop near my school.
A. is B. are C. have
6. You should ______ your teeth twice a day.
A. brushing B. brushes C. brush
7. The boy can't eat anything because he ______ a toothache.
A. have B. has C. having
8. She wants ______ a new film with her friends.
A. see B. to see C. seeing
9. —______ I take some medicine
—Yes, you should.
A. Can B. Must C. Should
10. My mother often helps me ______ my homework.
A. with B. to C. for
11. Look! The bus is coming. Let's ______ it.
A. get on B. get off C. get up
12. He is ill. He has to ______ at home.
A. staying B. stays C. stay
13. We should drink more water and ______ too much junk food.
A. not eat B. don't eat C. not to eat
14. The students are waiting for the bus ______.
A. patient B. patiently C. impatient
15. I like ______ books in the evening.
A. read B. reading C. reads
16. She can't hear well. There is something wrong with her ______.
A. eyes B. ears C. mouth
17. You ______ point at others. It's not polite.
A. should B. shouldn't C. can
18. My neck ______. I need to see the doctor.
A. hurt B. hurts C. hurting
19. They enjoy ______ football after school.
A. play B. playing C. to play
20. The doctor asks him to ______ some medicine.
A. takes B. taking C. take
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空(每题2分,共40分)
1. Let's ______ (go) to see the dentist. I have a toothache.
2. She ______ (have) a fever. She should stay in bed.
3. My mother often ______ (take) me to the park on Sundays.
4. Can you tell me how ______ (get) to the supermarket
5. He ______ (turn) right at the first turning and finds the library.
6. They want ______ (watch) a film this weekend.
7. Look! The children ______ (wait) for the bus at the bus stop.
8. The boy ______ (eat) too many sweets, so he has a toothache now.
9. We should ______ (brush) our teeth in the morning and before bedtime.
10. She ______ (not can) go to school today because she is ill.
11. ______ (walk) along this street and you'll see the hospital on your left.
12. He is ill. He needs ______ (take) some medicine.
13. The students are listening to the teacher ______ (careful).
14. I like ______ (read) books about animals. What about you
15. There ______ (be) some milk in the bottle.
16. My father often ______ (watch) TV after dinner.
17. You should drink more water and ______ (not eat) too much meat.
18. The old man walks very ______ (slow).
19. She ______ (want) to be a teacher when she grows up.
20. They enjoy ______ (play) games in the park.
三、按要求改写句子(每题2分,共20分)
1. I have a headache.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ with you
2. She can take Bus No. 3 to the cinema.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ she go to the cinema
3. There is a hospital near my home.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
______ ______ a hospital near your home
Yes, ______ ______.
4. He has a toothache.(改为否定句)
He ______ ______ a toothache.
5. You should go to bed early.(改为否定句)
You ______ ______ go to bed early.
6. My mother often helps me with my homework.(改为一般疑问句)
______ your mother often ______ you with your homework
7. The bookshop is on your right.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ the bookshop
8. They are waiting for the bus.(对划线部分提问)
______ are they ______
9. I like reading books.(用he作主语改写句子)
He ______ ______ books.
10. She needs to take some medicine.(改为一般疑问句)
______ she ______ to take some medicine 一、单项选择
1. 答案:B
- 解析:“在某个车站”用介词“at”,“get off at the second stop”表示“在第二站下车” 。“in”通常用于较大的地点范围,“on”表示在物体表面等,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:B
- 解析:“在交通信号灯处”用“at the traffic lights”,是固定搭配。“on”和“in”在此处不与“the traffic lights”搭配表示这个含义。
3. 答案:B
- 解析:句子时态是一般现在时,主语“My sister”是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词“have”要用第三人称单数形式“has”,“have a headache”表示“头疼”。
4. 答案:B
- 解析:“get to”表示“到达”,后接地点名词;“get”单独使用时,后面不直接加地点名词;“arrive”是“到达”的意思,但它是不及物动词,后接地点名词时,需要加介词“at”(小地点)或“in”(大地点) 。“the cinema”是地点名词,所以用“get to”。
5. 答案:A
- 解析:“There be”句型表示“某地有某物”,“be”动词的形式取决于其后的名词。“a bookshop”是单数,所以用“is”。“have”表示“拥有”,不能用于“There be”句型。
6. 答案:C
- 解析:“should”是情态动词,后面接动词原形,所以用“brush”,“brush one's teeth”表示“刷牙”。
7. 答案:B
- 解析:句子时态是一般现在时,主语“he”是第三人称单数,“have a toothache”表示“牙疼”,所以“have”要用第三人称单数形式“has”。
8. 答案:B
- 解析:“want to do sth.”是固定搭配,表示“想要做某事”,所以用“to see”。
9. 答案:C
- 解析:根据答语“Yes, you should.”可知,问句应该用“Should”来提问,表示“应该……吗”。“Can”表示“能够”;“Must”表示“必须”,均不符合答语语境。
10. 答案:A
- 解析:“help sb. with sth.”是固定短语,意为“帮助某人做某事”,所以用“with”。
11. 答案:A
- 解析:“get on”表示“上车”;“get off”表示“下车”;“get up”表示“起床”。根据“Look! The bus is coming.”可知,应该是上车,所以用“get on”。
12. 答案:C
- 解析:“has to”是“have to”的第三人称单数形式,意为“不得不”,后面接动词原形,所以用“stay”。
13. 答案:A
- 解析:“should”是情态动词,其否定形式是“should not”,缩写为“shouldn't”,后面接动词原形。“should drink”和“should not eat”是并列关系,所以用“not eat”。“don't eat”是一般现在时的否定形式,前面不能直接用“should”;“not to eat”不符合“should”的用法。
14. 答案:B
- 解析:“waiting”是动词,需要用副词来修饰。“patient”是形容词,意为“有耐心的”;“patiently”是副词,意为“耐心地”;“impatient”是形容词,意为“不耐烦的”。根据语境,学生们应该是耐心地等公交车,所以用“patiently”。
15. 答案:B
- 解析:“like doing sth.”或“like to do sth.”都表示“喜欢做某事”,所以“read”可以用动名词形式“reading”。“reads”是第三人称单数形式,不能直接用在“like”后面;“read”是动词原形,不符合“like”的用法。
16. 答案:B
- 解析:根据“She can't hear well.”可知,是耳朵有问题。“eyes”是“眼睛”;“ears”是“耳朵”;“mouth”是“嘴巴”,所以选“ears”。
17. 答案:B
- 解析:根据“It's not polite.”可知,不应该指着别人。“should”表示“应该”;“shouldn't”表示“不应该”;“can”表示“能够”,所以用“shouldn't”。
18. 答案:B
- 解析:句子时态是一般现在时,主语“My neck”是第三人称单数,所以“hurt”要用第三人称单数形式“hurts”,表示“疼痛”。“hurt”的原形和过去式、过去分词同形,在一般现在时第三人称单数作主语的情况下要加“s”;“hurting”是现在分词形式,不符合此句时态。
19. 答案:B
- 解析:“enjoy doing sth.”是固定搭配,表示“喜欢做某事”,所以用“playing”。
20. 答案:C
- 解析:“ask sb. to do sth.”表示“要求某人做某事”,所以用“take”,“take some medicine”表示“吃药”。“takes”是第三人称单数形式;“taking”是现在分词形式,均不符合“ask sb. to do sth.”的结构。
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. 答案:go
- 解析:“Let's”是“Let us”的缩写,后面接动词原形,构成“Let's do sth.”(让我们做某事)的结构,所以用“go”。
2. 答案:has
- 解析:句子时态是一般现在时,主语“She”是第三人称单数,所以“have”要用第三人称单数形式“has”,“have a fever”表示“发烧”。
3. 答案:takes
- 解析:“often”表明句子时态是一般现在时,主语“My mother”是第三人称单数,所以“take”要用第三人称单数形式“takes”,“take sb. to...”表示“带某人去……”。
4. 答案:to get
- 解析:“how to do sth.”是“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构,在句中作宾语,所以用“to get”,“how to get to the supermarket”表示“如何到达超市”。
5. 答案:turns
- 解析:句子时态是一般现在时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,所以“turn”要用第三人称单数形式“turns”,“turn right”表示“右转”。
6. 答案:to watch
- 解析:“want to do sth.”表示“想要做某事”,所以用“to watch”,“watch a film”表示“看电影”。
7. 答案:are waiting
- 解析:“Look!”表示看的同时,动作正在进行,所以句子要用现在进行时,结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”。主语“The children”是复数,“be”动词用“are”,“wait”的现在分词是“waiting”,所以填“are waiting”。
8. 答案:eats
- 解析:句子时态是一般现在时,主语“The boy”是第三人称单数,所以“eat”要用第三人称单数形式“eats”,“eat too many sweets”表示“吃太多糖果”。
9. 答案:brush
- 解析:“should”是情态动词,后面接动词原形,所以用“brush”,“brush our teeth”表示“刷我们的牙”。
10. 答案:can't
- 解析:“can”的否定形式是“can not”,缩写为“can't”,表示“不能”。“She can't go to school today because she is ill.”表示“她今天不能去上学,因为她生病了”。
11. 答案:Walk
- 解析:这是一个祈使句,祈使句通常以动词原形开头,表示命令、请求等,所以用“Walk”,“Walk along this street”表示“沿着这条街走”。
12. 答案:to take
- 解析:“need to do sth.”表示“需要做某事”,所以用“to take”,“take some medicine”表示“吃药”。
13. 答案:carefully
- 解析:“listening”是动词,需要用副词来修饰。“careful”是形容词,意为“认真的”;“carefully”是副词,意为“认真地”,所以用“carefully”,“listen to the teacher carefully”表示“认真听老师讲课”。
14. 答案:reading/to read
- 解析:“like doing sth.”或“like to do sth.”都表示“喜欢做某事”,所以“read”可以用动名词形式“reading”或动词不定式“to read”,“like reading/to read books about animals”表示“喜欢读关于动物的书”。
15. 答案:is
- 解析:“There be”句型中,“be”动词的形式取决于其后的名词。“some milk”是不可数名词,所以用“is”,“There is some milk in the bottle.”表示“瓶子里有一些牛奶”。
16. 答案:watches
- 解析:“often”表明句子时态是一般现在时,主语“My father”是第三人称单数,所以“watch”要用第三人称单数形式“watches”,“watch TV”表示“看电视”。
17. 答案:not eat
- 解析:“should”是情态动词,其否定形式是“should not”,缩写为“shouldn't”,后面接动词原形。“should drink”和“should not eat”是并列关系,所以用“not eat”,“You should drink more water and not eat too much meat.”表示“你应该多喝水,不要吃太多肉”。
18. 答案:slowly
- 解析:“walks”是动词,需要用副词来修饰。“slow”是形容词,意为“慢的”;“slowly”是副词,意为“慢地”,所以用“slowly”,“The old man walks very slowly.”表示“这位老人走得很慢”。
19. 答案:wants
- 解析:句子时态是一般现在时,主语“She”是第三人称单数,所以“want”要用第三人称单数形式“wants”,“want to be a teacher”表示“想要成为一名老师”。
20. 答案:playing
- 解析:“enjoy doing sth.”是固定搭配,表示“喜欢做某事”,所以用“playing”,“enjoy playing games in the park”表示“喜欢在公园里玩游戏”。
三、按要求改写句子
1. 答案:What's wrong
- 解析:对“I have a headache.”(我头疼。)中的“a headache”提问,就是询问“你怎么了”,用“What's wrong with you ”这个固定句型。
2. 答案:How can
- 解析:对“take Bus No. 3”(乘坐3路公交车)提问,是询问出行方式,用“How”(怎样)来引导特殊疑问句。原句中有情态动词“can”,变疑问句时把“can”提到主语前面,所以是“How can she go to the cinema ”(她怎样去电影院?)
3. 答案:Is there; there is
- 解析:“There is...”句型变一般疑问句时,把“is”提到句首,首字母大写,句末用问号。肯定回答用“Yes, there is.” ,否定回答用“No, there isn't.”。所以是“Is there a hospital near your home Yes, there is.”(你家附近有医院吗?是的,有。)
4. 答案:doesn't have
- 解析:原句“He has a toothache.”是一般现在时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,变否定句时,需要借助助动词“doesn't”,后面接动词原形“have”,所以是“He doesn't have a toothache.”(他不牙疼。)
5. 答案:shouldn't go
- 解析:“should”是情态动词,变否定句时,直接在后面加“not”,缩写为“shouldn't”,后面接动词原形,所以是“You shouldn't go to bed early.”(你不应该早睡觉。)
6. 答案:Does; help
- 解析:原句“My mother often helps me with my homework.”是一般现在时,主语“My mother”是第三人称单数,变一般疑问句时,需要借助助动词“does”,放在句首,首字母大写,后面的动词“helps”变回原形“help”,所以是“Does your mother often help you with your homework ”(你妈妈经常帮你做作业吗?)
7. 答案:Where is
- 解析:对“on your right”(在你的右边)提问,是询问地点,用“Where”(哪里)来引导特殊疑问句。原句中有“is”,变疑问句时把“is”提到主语前面,所以是“Where is the bookshop ”(书店在哪里?)
8. 答案:What; doing
- 解析:对“waiting for the bus”(等公交车)提问,是询问正在做什么,用“What”(什么)来引导特殊疑问句。原句是现在进行时,结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”,变疑问句时把“be”动词提到主语前面,“waiting”照写,所以是“What are they doing ”(他们正在做什么?)
9. 答案:likes reading
- 解析:原句“I like reading books.”是一般现在时,用“he”作主语时,主语变成第三人称单数,“like”要用第三人称单数形式“likes”,“like doing sth.”的结构不变,所以是“He likes reading books.”(他喜欢读书。)
10. 答案:Does; need
- 解析:原句“She needs to take some medicine.”中“needs”是实义动词,且主语“She”是第三人称单数,变一般疑问句时,需要借助助动词“does”,放在句首,首字母大写,后面的“needs”变回原形“need”,所以是“Does she need to take some medicine ”(她需要吃一些药吗?)