北京师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二（下）期中英语试卷（PDF版，含答案）

2024北京北师大二附中高二（下）期中
英 语
说明：
本试卷共 10 页，115 分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答
无效。
一、词汇（共 20 小题；每小题 0.5 分，满分 10 分）
词义匹配
A.抵抗 B. 禁闭 C. 探讨 D. 担任主演
1. confine________________
2. resist________________
3. feature________________
4. explore________________
词义匹配
A. 垂直的 B. 完全相同的 C. 营养的 D. 巨大的
5. nutritional________________
6. identical________________
7. dramatic________________
8. vertical________________
词义匹配
A. 致命的 B. 人工的 C. 杰出的 D. 冷淡的
9. distant________________
10. fatal________________
11. artificial________________
12. exceptional________________
词义匹配
A. 毕业证书 B. 间隔 C. 优势 D. 重力
13. gravity________________
14. edge________________
15. diploma________________
16. interval________________
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词义匹配
A. 试验 B. 格式 C. 理由 D. 差异
17. form________________
18. ground________________
19. variation________________
20. trial________________
二、完型填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Good Custodian
I know a woman who tries hard to be a good custodian. I pass her every day after school as she pushes her cart
down my hallway. Of course, she is my building’s cleaner.
One Tuesday morning I came into school and saw a ____21____ on my desk from my custodian.
It seemed that some unbearable first year students had damaged the bathroom in a particularly disgusting way
and she had been charged to clean it. This took ____22____ than she had expected. She had left the typewritten
note on my desk to ____23____ for not being able to clean my room as she was ____24____ to do.
At the beginning of the period, I shared her note with my first period class. When I mentioned that our
custodian had apologized to us, their first ____25____ was to volunteer to seek out and beat up those first year
students for making our custodian have to clean up their mess. It turned out that just about all of my students also
knew our custodian by name — all of them responded with smiles and talked for a long time about this time or that
time when she’d ____26____ each of them in the hallway. That she felt she needed to apologize earned a strong
reaction from many of the kids.
As the class period was about to end, d asked them to check the floor like I do every period and thanked them
for picking up any garbage even if it wasn’t theirs. My entire class disappeared; they each disappeared instantly
____27____ their desks to pick up those annoying tiny pieces of paper that fall so easily from notebooks. One girl
made a comment that I later used with my other classes: “Her job might be to clean the room, but she shouldn’t
have to clean up after us, There’s a difference.”
I believe that people know the difference between right and wrong. I believe that people appreciate it when
others ____28____ take care of them. And I believe that people, even adolescents’ who are not quite yet mature,
appreciate it when they see someone who takes ____29____ in her work. Sometimes we need a _____30_____ of
the things we take for granted … things like a good custodian to take care of us.
21. A. paper B. handbook C. note D. letter
22. A. shorter B. longer C. more D. less
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23. A. apologize B. regret C. appeal D. complain
24. A. recommended B. believed C. approved D. scheduled
25. A. answer B. reaction C. decision D. behavior
26. A. visited B. called C. praised D. greeted
27. A. above B. under C. beyond D. across
28. A. freely B. gently C. hopefully D. sincerely
29. A. advantage B. pride C. action D. chance
30. A. keeper B. caretaker C. reminder D. observer
三、阅读理解（共两节；满分 38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该
项涂黑。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most
economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.
You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With
over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available
for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand
brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and
much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy
your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
31. What is an advantage of MacBike
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
32. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
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A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
33. Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
B
The memory of one particular summer evening is still burned in my brain as if it were yesterday. There was
nothing but wide-open fields for miles and miles around our rural Minnesota home. Me never saw strangers not
ever and here on this hot evening was a real live one walking up our driveway.
A young man, a slightly- built hitchhiker (搭便车的人) approached our door. He knew there was a storm
coming, and he desperately needed shelter. Not wanting to intrude on our home and family, he asked my dad if he
could sleep in our basement for the night for protection from the rain. Instead of saying yes, my dad loaded us all
up in the 1959 Chevrolet: five kids, my mum, and the man.
Our family consisted of three older children whose father had died young and three more children from the
union or my mother and father. Our older brother Jerry was in the Navy, on a ship somewhere overseas. Our mum
and dad worried about him.
We drove him 10 miles to the next town, where Dad bought the man a room for the night along with a hot
evening meal. In the car after we dropped off the stranger, I heard my dad say to my mum, “I just hope that it Jerry
ever needs anything, this kindness will be returned to him.”
Weeks later, Dad told my uncle about the young man. My uncle suggested that perhaps my dad shouldn’t have
taken the risk of having a stranger in our car. My dad replied, “You are absolutely right. I should have invited him
into our home.”
34. What does the underlined phrase “intrude on” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Disturb. B. Scare. C. Embarrass. D. Upset.
35. How did the author’s father help the stranger
A. By providing a bed for him in the basement.
B. By letting him stay for the night in the car.
C. By taking him to a hotel in another town.
D. By cooking a hot evening meal for him.
36. What do we know about the author’s family
A. The family had five children in total.
B. Jerry was serving in the army in the USA.
C. They had no spare room for the hitchhiker.
D. Dad wished his elder son to be treated kindly.
C
If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen (氮) dissolved (溶解) in his blood is
suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles (气泡) accumulate in a joint, is
sharp pain and a bent body- thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be
death.
Other air- breathing animals- also suffer this decompression (减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales,
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for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs. That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from
their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the
bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil banes that have caved in on
themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.
Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find
out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs
adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the
world’s natural- history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later
Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.
When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual
evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than
15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had, suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic
specimen (标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury
If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti- decompression means, they clearly did so quickly— and, most strangely,
they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr. Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other
animals that caused the change.
Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物) such as a
large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which
were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark- and crocodile- free. In the
Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were too of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey (猎物) as
well as predator— and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.
37. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends
A. A twisted body.
B. A drop in blood pressure.
C. A gradual decrease in blood supply.
D. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.
38. The purpose of Rothschild’s study is to see ______.
A. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies
B. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones
C. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends
D. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression
39. Rothschild’s finding stated in Paragraph 4______.
A. confirmed his assumption
B. disagreed with his assumption
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C. changed his research objectives
D. speeded up his research process
40. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs ______.
A. failed to evolve an anti- decompression means
B. died out because of large sharks and crocodiles
C. gradually developed measures against the bends
D. evolved an anti- decompression means but soon lost it
D
An 8-year-old boy I know is small for his age, shorter and slighter than his friends, even smaller than his 5-
year-old sister. Concerned about the increasing use and possible risks of growth hormone(生长激素), I asked his
mother if she’d considered treating him with it. She replied, “Not really. He’s built like his father, who was short
and slight as a boy and didn’t shoot up until college.”
His father, at 41, is now 6 feet tall, though still very slender. He recalls being a reasonably athletic child but
without the physical power of his friends, making up for what he lacked in mass with speed and agility. “I enjoyed
competitive sports and worked on skills others didn’t have,” he told me, and said he encourages his son to
recognize and capitalize on the skills he has.
If only every parent with a short but healthy child approached the matter as sensibly. Experts estimate that
60% to 80% of children who are short for their age do not have a growth hormone deficiency(缺乏) or other
medical condition that limits growth. But knowing there’s a therapy available to increase height, some parents seek
a medical solution for a perceived problem, even when there is no medical abnormality. They should also know,
however, that new research has linked growth hormone treatment to serious unfavorable health effects years later.
Dr. Adda Grimberg, a doctor at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, recalled that “Twenty years ago, families
were focused on health. They came in with a child who was not growing right and wanted to know if there was an
underlying disease. Now, more and more, they’re focused on height. They want growth hormone, looking for a
specific height. But this is not like online shopping; you can’t just place an order and make a child the height you
want.”
In 2003, the Food and Drug Administration approved use of recombinant human growth hormone for the
condition known as “idiopathic short stature”, or short build of unknown cause, which is not a disease. But it has
caused a growing number of parents to consider using the hormone to boost the height of their children.
The resulting rush to therapy reflects concerns about a widespread societal bias(偏见) against shortness, rather
than a true medical need. Experts have noted that the practice backs up the belief that short stature is unacceptable,
leading to an increasing demand for therapy. It is far better, Dr. Grimberg suggested, to help a short child develop
coping skills than to buy inches through medicine.
41. As for the parents’ attitude to their 8-year-old boy’s shortness, the author is ________.
A. critical B. tolerant C. supportive D. worried
42. How do many parents today react to their children’s shortness
A. They are eager to get the expected result.
B. They spare no effort to sort out the cause.
C. They feel disturbed by their children’s health.
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D. They help develop their children’s coping skills.
43. What can we learn about the growth hormone treatment
A. It might be officially recommended.
B. It may fuel height discrimination.
C. It is pushed by a medical need.
D. It is targeted at certain diseases.
44. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Shower the Short with Growth Hormones
B. Find Replacement for Growth Hormones
C. Assess the Effects of Growth Hormones
D. Weigh the Use of Growth Hormones
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项
涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Giant Panda Is No Longer Endangered
A leading international group has taken the giant panda off its endangered list thanks to decades of
conservation efforts, but China's government is unwilling to accept the change, saying it did not view the status of
the country's beloved symbol as any less serious.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) said in a report that the panda is now classified as
a “vulnerable” instead of “endangered” species, reflecting its growing numbers in the wild in southern
China.___45___That is the result of work by Chinese agencies to carry out hunting bans and expand forest
reserves.
In a statement, China's State Forestry Administration said that it doubted the classification change because
pandas' natural habitats have been mainly separated by human causes.The animals live in small, isolated groups of
as few as 10 pandas that struggle to reproduce and face the risk of disappearing altogether.If we relax our
conservation work, the populations and habitats of giant pandas would still suffer a great loss.___46___Therefore,
we're not being alarmist (危言耸听的) by continuing to emphasize the panda species' endangered status.
___47___John Howard, a senior official at World Society for the Protection of Animals, expressed his
satisfaction over the effective measures taken by the Chinese government.The Chinese government and the World
Wildlife Fund (WWF) first established the Wolong National Nature Reserve in Sichuan province in 1980.Wild
panda numbers have since slowly rebounded as China cracked down on the skin trade.___48___
Over the last few decades, international groups and the Chinese government have worked to save wild pandas
and breed them in face of their extinction.It is not surprising that the WWF, whose logo has been a panda since
1961, celebrated the panda's re-classification.___49___
A. As a result, our achievements would be quickly lost.
B. The wild panda population jumped to 1,864 in 2014 from 1,596 in 2004.
C. Still, other animal protection organizations praised the recovery of the pandas.
D. Panda has long been a symbol of China and the global conservation movement.
E. And China gradually expanded its protected forest areas to cover 1.4 million hectares now.
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F. Some pandas have been sent to zoos around the world as a gesture of Chinese diplomatic goodwill.
G. It says that aggressive investment does pay off when science, political will and engagement come together.
四、选词填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次（每组有一个多余的选项）。
comfort; absorb; subject; track down; locate; result in
50. Chess can be an extremely ____________ game.
51. We know that taste in art is a（n）____________ matter.
52. The college is ____________ at the foot of the mountain.
53. While exercise is beneficial for the human body, too much may ____________ injuries.
54. He is not good at socializing. He’s more ____________ with computers than with people.
用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次(每组有一个多余的选项)。
encourage; logic; stare at; qualify; register; keep up with
55. Jane is well ____________ for this teaching job.
56. It is difficult ____________ the rapid pace of change.
puter programming needs someone with a(n)____________ mind.
58. Her ____________ and support strengthened our determination to win.
59. If you want to take a book out of the library, you need first to fill in and submit a(n)____________ form for a
library card.
五、语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
My name is Barbara and I work at a department store. I ____60____(work) there for one year when another
Barbara joined the staff. Then I changed my name tag from “Barb” to “Barbie”. ____61____made me feel funny was
how small kids talked about me. “Is she really Barbie ” they asked. I changed it at my other job, too and began
answering the phone, “This is Barbie. How can I help you ” The callers have gotten used to that over time, ninety
percent of ____62____now respond with my name: “Barbie, can you tell me.” Pronouncing that long “e” sound
forces your mouth into a smile, but I have found the smile is usually returned voluntarily.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
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It’s said that for the Englishman, his house is his castle. However, this does not mean that his house is a beautiful
palace that others ____63____ (invite) to see. For the British, the home is a place to protect oneself from the outside
world. It’s a private place in which he goes to hide away ____64____ the troubles of life. To the American, the home
is an expression of ____65____ (he). Much money is often spent on each and every room ____66____ (create) the
right “feel” according to the person’s lifestyle. Therefore, he is happy to show his house to others.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Smoke jumpers are firefighters, trained to fight fires in places that fire engines can’t reach. They travel in small
planes and, ____67____(use) a parachute, jump into remote wild areas to fight fires. Smoke jumpers have to respond
quickly. While a fire is still small, the pilot ____68____(drop) team members into the area as needed. Their first job
may be to build a fire line to stop the fire from spreading. Water is sent down to them. Smoke jumpers must be
____69____(high) trained, very experienced and extremely fit. Their job is very dangerous.
六、阅读表达（共 4 小题；第 70、71 每题 2 分，第 72 题 3 分，第 73 题 5 分，满分 12 分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
What makes some people incapable of apologizing even when they’re clearly in the wrong
People who cannot apologize often have deep feelings of low self-worth. When their delicate ego(自我)
cannot absorb the blow of admitting they were wrong, their defense mechanisms kick in—they may place blame
and even argue about basic facts to prevent the threat of having to lower themselves by offering an apology.
Unfortunately, many of us mistakenly interpret these people’s defensiveness as a sign of psychological
strength. That’s because outwardly they appear to be tough individuals who refuse to back down. But this doesn’t
show that they’re strong—it shows that they’re weak.
Admitting that we’re wrong is emotionally uncomfortable and painful to our sense of self. In order to take
responsibility and apologize, our self-worth needs to be strong enough to absorb that discomfort. Indeed, if our self-
worth is higher and more stable, we can tolerate the temporary discomfort that such an admission involves—
without the walls around our ego falling down.
But if our self-worth is seemingly high but actually breakable, that discomfort can go through our defensive
walls and score a direct hit to our ego. Indeed, the more fixed one’s defense mechanisms are, the more delicate the
ego they’re protecting.
The mistake we often make when faced with someone who’s habitually incapable of apologizing is to become
angry and try to win our argument with them. But the sad reality is that we can never win. In these situations, the
best we can do is make our points as calmly and as convincingly as we can and then disengage from the argument
when it becomes unproductive—like when they disagree with the facts, come up with silly excuses or turn to mean
remarks.
70. Why can’t some people apologize
71. What do many people mistakenly think of a non-apologizer’s defensiveness
72. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When you are trying to win an argument with a non-apologizer, the best way is to express your anger and
make your point as calmly and convincingly as possible.
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73. In addition to what is mentioned in the passage, what else can you do if your friend refuses to apologize to you
(In about 40 words)
七、书面表达（满分 15 分）
74. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你班的交换生 Jim 对中华传统文化感兴趣，准备下学期选修一门相关
课程，向你征询建议。请给 Jim 写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐一门选修课；
2. 说明推荐的理由；
3. 提出学习这门课程的建议。
注意：1. 词数不少于 50；
2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
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