河北省2024-2025学年高一下学期3月月考英语试卷（含解析）
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河北省2024-2025学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Join the Wildlife Conservation Initiative（倡议）
Are you interested in protecting wildlife and preserving natural habitats Our Wildlife Conservation Initiative offers you various opportunities to get involved and make a difference. Whether you are a student, a professional, or a nature lover, there is a way for everyone to contribute. Here are some key aspects of our initiative.Conservation Activities
●Habitat Restoration: Join in projects that restore and maintain natural habitats. Activities include planting native trees, removing invasive species, and cleaning up natural areas.
●Wildlife Monitoring: Assist in monitoring local wildlife populations. This involves tracking animal movements, recording sightings, and collecting data to support research and conservation efforts.
●Educational Workshops: Attend workshops to learn about wildlife conservation, the importance of biodiversity, and how you can help protect endangered species. These workshops are led by experts in the field.
●Community Outreach: Help raise awareness about wildlife conservation in your community. This can include organizing events, giving presentations, and distributing educational materials.How to Get Involved
●Visit Our Website: For more information and to sign up, visit our website at www.wildlifeconservation.org.
●Contact Us: You can also call us at (555)456-7890 or email info@ wildlifeconservation.org. Our team is here to answer any question you may have.Special Offer
Sign up for our volunteer program before the end of this month and receive a free Wildlife Conservation Starter Kit, including a field guide, a reusable water bottle, and a wildlife tracking notebook. Don’t miss this chance to join our efforts in protecting wildlife!
1．Which activity involves tracking animal movements and recording sightings
A．Habitat Restoration. B．Wildlife Monitoring.
C．Educational Workshops. D．Community Outreach.
2．What special offer is available for those who sign up before the end of the month
A．Free entry to a national park.
B．Free guided tours of natural habitats.
C．Free Wildlife Conservation Starter Kit.
D．Free membership of a wildlife magazine.
3．What is the main purpose of this text
A．To sell wildlife tracking equipment.
B．To advertise a new nature documentary.
C．To describe different species of animals.
D．To promote a wildlife conservation initiative.
Every Saturday, at a church in Gothenburg, Sweden, hundreds of people of all ages and backgrounds gather. They speak more than 20 languages. As they prepare their instruments, a smiling man walks in. He greets everyone, steps onto the stage, and raises his baton (指挥棒). Music fills the room.
This is a music group called the Hope Orchestra, organized by John Smith. Since 2016, his free program has given homeless people from other countries, young people in need, and native Swedes the chance to learn an instrument, connect with others, and enrich their lives.
Smith grew up in a poor family in Venezuela. To help his family make ends meet, he started selling ice cream when he was in primary school. Across the street was a program called Music for All, which provides free classical music training to children who have no chance to learn it. At 10, Smith joined the group. “I fell in love with music from my first class,” he said. “For me, playing the violin is like feeling electricity.”
He also appreciated the group’s inclusive philosophy. “It didn’t matter whether I was the boy selling ice cream in front of the school or the son or daughter of the mayor,” he said. Finally, Smith worked for Music for All to help spread the group’s innovative (创新的) teaching methods worldwide. Even near the Arctic Circle, he started Greenland’s first youth orchestra.
It was this work that led him to first visit Sweden in 2015. In Stockholm, he was shocked to see many helpless people arriving in the country. The following year, he moved to Gothenburg where he offered a music group for those people. He started with 13 students. Most of them had no background in music, but he lent them instruments and began teaching them. He named the group the Hope Orchestra to inspire them.
“For me, that’s what a music education is about,” said Smith. “It’s about giving you new opportunities to learn about life, about challenges, about dreaming, and about connecting you to your soul.”
4．What do we know about the Hope Orchestra
A．It has been warmly received. B．It attracts any music lover.
C．It charges people for courses. D．It promotes music development.
5．What is Smith’s attitude to Music for All
A．Unclear. B．Admiring. C．Curious. D．Amazed.
6．Why did Smith help the people with the music group
A．He’d like to encourage them to cheer up. B．He wanted to improve their lives.
C．Music for All asked him to do that. D．People were eager to learn music.
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．Smith and Music for All B．Accept Life Bravely
C．How a Group Is Created D．The Power of Music
Whales live in oceans all over the world. Many species are increasing in number because many countries have stopped hunting them. However, some species are still endangered. Today, one of the biggest threats to whales is collisions (碰撞事故) with ships.
Ship collisions kill more than 20,000 whales every year, and this is a global problem. Ocean traffic is expected to grow by at least 240 percent by 2050, which will make collisions with whales even more likely. But a program called Whale Safe, recently tested in North American waters, can help protect whales from ships.
Whale Safe was started on the West Coast of the US in 2020 after an increase in whale collisions. The lead scientist of Whale Safe said that for every dead whale found, 10 more were believed to die without being recorded. Although there was a voluntary speed limit for ships, the team thought that warning ships about nearby whales could help reduce speeds and save more whales.
Whale Safe uses special buoys (浮标) with microphones to listen for whale sounds in the ocean. These buoys can separate whale calls from other ocean noises. The technology was developed by Mark Baumgartner at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts. When whales are detected, the information is sent to nearby ships to warn them to slow down. The team also tracks ship speeds using a tracking system.
This program has worked very well. In California’s Santa Barbara Channel, a place known for many whale collisions, the number of ships that slowed down increased from 46 percent in 2019 to 63.5 percent in 2023.
Whale Safe is helping to protect whales and reduce the number of collisions with ships, giving these amazing animals a better chance to survive.
8．What may be a big threat to whales in the following over two decades
A．Loss of natural habitats. B．Increasing ocean pollution.
C．Accidents related to ships. D．Collisions with ships and other whales.
9．What did Whale Safe’s lead scientist mean
A．The problem of collisions between whales and ships was very serious.
B．Nearby ships had to change their original sailing routes.
C．Researchers should put more efforts into the protection.
D．The technology to track whales was not advanced.
10．What is the main purpose of Whale Safe’s buoys
A．To track ship speeds. B．To warn whales of danger.
C．To clean ocean noises. D．To listen for whale sounds.
11．What does the author think of Whale Safe
A．It needs more funding. B．It has brought positive results.
C．It is too detailed to apply. D．It has not made a significant impact.
Governments around the world are increasingly worried about the effect of using the Internet on young people’s mental health. And studies have shown that spending too much time on screens and social media may increase feelings of anxiety and sadness. However, according to a new study, for older adults, properly using the Internet might bring many benefits and should perhaps be encouraged.
Researchers from Hong Kong investigated the effects of using the Internet on the mental health of adults aged over 50. Data from more than 87,500 people in 23 countries was used in the study. The study found that using the Internet was connected with fewer symptoms (症状) of sadness or depression (抑郁), greater life satisfaction, and ameliorated self-reported health.
When researchers looked at the data from people in the US, England, and China in a little more detail, they discovered that the increased use of the Internet was connected with better mental health. Interestingly, they found that certain groups of older adults benefited more from the use of the Internet than others. For example, older adults who did fewer social activities or took part in less physical exercise experienced greater positive effects. Similarly, people with disabilities and those with higher education levels also got stronger benefits. The positive effects were stronger among people who used the Internet every day.
The researchers stressed that the Internet can be an excellent place for older adults to learn new things, connect with others, and access important services and information. They described the Internet as a cheap and effective way to improve older adults’ mental health, especially those who live outside towns and cities.
For these individuals, the Internet can make it easier to access resources and social opportunities that may be difficult to reach. This shows that the Internet is not only a tool for communication but also a valuable resource for supporting mental well-being among older populations.
12．How does overusing the Internet affect young people’s mental health
A．It damages their physical condition. B．It brings them happiness and benefits.
C．It makes them feel worried and unhappy. D．It helps them stay connected with others.
13．What does the underlined word “ameliorated” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Proved. B．Improved. C．Cured. D．Affected.
14．What did researchers find from the study
A．More older adults surfed online than younger ones.
B．Many countries encouraged people to use computers.
C．Using the Internet promoted all people’s physical health.
D．Using the Internet is good for some groups of older adults.
15．How does the Internet benefit older adults in rural areas
A．It helps them save money. B．It keeps them physically active.
C．It improves their mental health. D．It allows them to travel more easily.
Why Are Airplane Seats Almost Blue
Have you ever paid attention to the color of the airplane seats They’re almost always blue and there are very few exceptions to this rule. Some people think it reminds us of the sky. But the explanation isn’t that simple!
Color psychology plays an important role in choosing the fabric (布料) for airplane seats. 16 “The idea is to help passengers feel at home, with relaxing colors and restful designs,” explained Shelly Zundell in a press release.
Blue is a calming color that suggests peace, calmness, and relaxation. 17 In a study reported by Popular Science, 48 percent of participants thought that soda in a blue glass was more thirst-quenching (解渴的) than that served in glasses of other colors, probably because they connected blue with cold. Colors such as red and orange can make people feel warmer. Although it’s not unheard of, red is a less common color for airplane seats. 18
It is a universally well-liked color. 19 It’s a universal color that’s appealing to most. This is also the same reason why many brands have blue logos. People universally connect the color with positive things such as clean water and blue skies, so they tend to like it. Across ages and across cultures, it’s probably the world’s favorite color.
The right shade hides stains (污渍) well. Dark blue seats are also just practical. Imagine how many people sit in them per day. Darker shades are better at hiding stains and don’t show their wear as easily. Those dark blue seats will look fresher and newer for longer. 20
A．It physically feels cooler.
B．It reflects a cool professionalism.
C．But is there any other explanation
D．However, some planes also have red seats.
E．People often connect certain colors with certain feelings.
F．Feeling hot when you board an airplane is good for no one.
G．It’s hard to find someone who has strong feelings against the color blue.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
One spring evening in 2023, Charlie Essers was waiting for his wife, Elana Essers, to bike home from work. He’d just finished making dinner when he 21 a notification from her smartwatch that she had fallen.
Charlie Essers jumped in his car and drove about a mile to the 22 where the notification indicated (表明) she had fallen. When he arrived, she was 23 in the middle of the road. It 24 that Elana Essers had hit a stone on the road, throwing her to the ground.
But when Charlie Essers found his wife there on the road, she wasn’t 25 . There were four cars on each side of her, protecting her from being hit by other 26 on the road.
“And she was surrounded by these four women—four 27 —who had stopped, and were blocking traffic, and holding her in the middle of the road,” Charlie Essers remembered,
The women were 28 holding his wife in their arms. They helped comfort her until emergency crews (紧急救援队) 29 .
Although she had to get an emergency operation, Elana Essers finally 30 . A few months after the 31 , Charlie Essers made a large 32 and put it on the street where the women had helped.
It 33 , “To the four angelic women who jumped out of their cars, stopped traffic, and surrounded my injured wife at this corner on April 6,2023: Words cannot express how 34 my family and I are of you. Your selfless actions make you forever 35 in our eyes. We will never forget your kindness and care. Thank you.”
21．A．rolled B．missed C．got D．announced
22．A．office B．hospital C．home D．spot
23．A．lying B．crying C．sleeping D．standing
24．A．came about B．turned out C．made sure D．figured out
25．A．injured B．safe C．alone D．awake
26．A．cars B．bicycles C．stones D．drivers
27．A．friends B．strangers C．neighbors D．relatives
28．A．calmly B．quickly C．generously D．carefully
29．A．gathered B．disappeared C．called D．arrived
30．A．suffered B．died C．recovered D．improved
31．A．accident B．challenge C．transition D．battle
32．A．letter B．sign C．photo D．gift
33．A．pronounced B．spelled C．announced D．read
34．A．lucky B．angry C．appreciative D．sad
35．A．heroines B．dreams C．goals D．sisters
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese tea culture is 36 unique and time-honored tradition deeply rooted in the nation’s history. It’s far more than just a daily drink; it symbolizes Chinese values, artistry, and social bonds.
Tea is widely grown across lots of regions of China. These areas, blessed with their 37 (favor) climates and unique soil conditions, produce a wide variety of tea. Green tea, for example, is well-loved for its fresh and delicate taste and its health-promoting nature. It 38 (believe) to offer numerous benefits to the body.
The art of tea-making is a key feature of Chinese tea culture. The process, from warming the pot to 39 (gentle) steeping (浸泡) the leaves, demands meticulous attention. You can regard it as a ceremony (仪式) 40 stresses mindfulness, respect, and harmony.
Traditional tea ceremonies serve as an impressive showcase of Chinese culture. People employ special tea 41 (set), consisting of teapots, cups, and trays. Each step of the entire process is carried out with great care, because every detail 42 (matter) in creating the perfect cup.
Tea also plays an important social role. It provides a common ground 43 people to gather, communicate, and strengthen relationships. Whether it’s a casual get-together or a formal occasion, sharing a pot of tea can turn it into a special moment. During this process, people not only enjoy the taste of tea but also value 44 (they) shared time. Chinese tea culture, 45 (carry) forward its rich heritage, continues to attract people around the globe.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假定你是李华，你校在周末组织大家参观了秦始皇陵。请你给交换生Jack写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.简要介绍秦始皇陵；
2.你的感受。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：秦始皇陵Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor；兵马俑Terracotta Army
Dear Jack,
How’s everything going
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was a boy, my mom would often let me help her make popcorn (爆米花)to eat while we watched TV on cold, winter nights. Mom made it in the traditional way too. She would take an iron frying pan and light the stove (炉子)under it. Then she would pour in a little oil and add a piece of butter. Next, she would bring out a big handful of corn from the corn grain bag.
Together we would wait until we heard the first corn popping. Then we would take the frying pan and lid and shake them over the fire to keep the popcorn from burning. Shake, shake, shake and pop, pop, pop until the frying pan was full to overflowing. Finally, Mom would empty it all into a huge bowl and shake salt all over it.
After this, we would all sit down in the living room, with Dad in his rocking chair, Nana in her chair by the stove, and Mom, my brothers and I on the sofa. There was always enough popcorn for everyone and Mom even let me eat the corn grains that didn’t quite finish popping.
The funny thing is that I can’t really remember a single one of the programs that we watched on TV on those nights. They all escaped from my mind. What I can remember clearly, however, is the smell of the popcorn, the warmth of the bowl on my leg, the delicious taste of it, and most of all the joy I felt with Mom sitting next to me. I felt so loved, so safe, and so happy. There with my family, all seemed right with the world. We didn’t have a huge home, a lot of money, or even fancy snacks from the store, but we had love and that was all we needed.
Now although we have grown up and have a family, we still have memories of that wonderful popcorn from time to time.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Last weekend, visiting our parents with my brothers, I mentioned the popcorn.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I suggested we continue the popcorn as a family tradition.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了野生动物保护倡议活动，以及几种参与方式。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据Conservation Activities中“Wildlife Monitoring: Assist in monitoring local wildlife populations. This involves tracking animal movements, recording sightings, and collecting data to support research and conservation efforts.( 野生动物监测：协助监测当地野生动物数量。这包括跟踪动物活动，记录目击事件，收集数据以支持研究和保护工作)” 可知，参与追踪动物的活动轨迹和记录目击情况的是野生动物监测活动。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据Special Offer中“Sign up for our volunteer program before the end of this month and receive a free Wildlife Conservation Starter Kit, including a field guide, a reusable water bottle, and a wildlife tracking notebook.( 在本月底之前报名参加我们的志愿者计划，并获得免费的野生动物保护入门工具包，包括野外指南，可重复使用的水瓶和野生动物跟踪笔记本)”可知，在本月底前报名参加志愿者项目的人可获得免费的野生动物保护入门工具包。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中开头就表明“Our Wildlife Conservation Initiative offers you various opportunities to get involved and make a difference.( 我们的野生动物保护倡议为您提供各种参与和发挥作用的机会)”接着介绍了保护活动的具体内容、如何参与以及特别优惠。由此推知，本文的目的是推广这个野生动物保护倡议，吸引人们参与。故选D项。
【答案】4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为希望乐团的音乐团体，讲述了建立的经过以及创立人对于音乐的看法。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Every Saturday, at a church in Gothenburg, Sweden, hundreds of people of all ages and backgrounds gather. (每周六，在瑞典哥德堡的一个教堂里，数百名不同年龄和背景的人聚集在一起。)”以及第二段“Since 2016, his free program has given homeless people from other countries, young people in need, and native Swedes the chance to learn an instrument, connect with others, and enrich their lives. (自2016年以来，他的免费项目为来自其他国家的无家可归者、有需要的年轻人和瑞典本地人提供了学习乐器、与他人交流、丰富生活的机会。)”可知，希望乐团受到了热烈欢迎。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段“At 10, Smith joined the group. “I fell in love with music from my first class,” he said. “For me, playing the violin is like feeling electricity.” (10岁时，史密斯加入了这个团体。“我从第一节课开始就爱上了音乐，”他说。“对我来说，拉小提琴就像感受电流一样。”)”可知，史密斯对全民音乐的态度是欣赏。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He started with 13 students. Most of them had no background in music, but he lent them instruments and began teaching them. He named the group the Hope Orchestra to inspire them. (他从13个学生开始。他们中的大多数人没有音乐背景，但他借给他们乐器，并开始教他们。他将这支乐队命名为“希望乐团”，以激励他们。)”可知，史密斯帮助乐队的人是因为他想鼓励他们振作起来。故选A。
7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段““For me, that’s what a music education is about,” said Smith. “It’s about giving you new opportunities to learn about life, about challenges, about dreaming, and about connecting you to your soul.” (“对我来说，这就是音乐教育的意义所在，”史密斯说。“这是给你新的机会，让你了解生活、挑战、梦想，让你与自己的灵魂联系起来。”)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名为希望乐团的音乐团体，讲述了建立的经过以及创立人对于音乐的看法。可知，D选项“音乐的力量”最符合文章标题。故选D。
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了船只事故导致了许多鲸鱼死亡，为此采取了一些保护鲸鱼的措施。
【解析】8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Ship collisions kill more than 20,000 whales every year, and this is a global problem. Ocean traffic is expected to grow by at least 240 percent by 2050, which will make collisions with whales even more likely.(每年有超过2万头鲸鱼死于船只碰撞，这是一个全球性问题。到2050年，海洋交通预计将增长至少240%，这将使与鲸鱼相撞的可能性更大)”可知，在接下来的二十年里，对鲸鱼来说最大的威胁是与船舶有关的事故。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“The lead scientist of Whale Safe said that for every dead whale found, 10 more were believed to die without being recorded. (鲸鱼安全组织的首席科学家说，每发现一条死鲸，就有10多条死鲸被认为没有被记录)”可知，鲸鱼安全组织的首席科学家意思是鲸鱼和船只相撞的问题非常严重。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Whale Safe uses special buoys (浮标) with microphones to listen for whale sounds in the ocean. These buoys can separate whale calls from other ocean noises.(鲸鱼安全使用带有麦克风的特殊浮标来收听海洋中鲸鱼的声音。这些浮标可以将鲸鱼的叫声与其他海洋噪音区分开来)”可知，鲸鱼安全浮标的主要用途是听鲸鱼的声音。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whale Safe is helping to protect whales and reduce the number of collisions with ships, giving these amazing animals a better chance to survive.(鲸鱼安全组织正在帮助保护鲸鱼，减少与船只的碰撞次数，给这些神奇的动物更好的生存机会)”可知，作者认为鲸鱼安全带来了积极的结果。故选B。
【答案】12．C 13．B 14．D 15．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现对于老年人来说，正确使用互联网可能会带来许多好处，也许应该鼓励。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Governments around the world are increasingly worried about the effect of using the Internet on young people’s mental health. And studies have shown that spending too much time on screens and social media may increase feelings of anxiety and sadness.(世界各国政府越来越担心使用互联网对年轻人心理健康的影响。研究表明，在屏幕和社交媒体上花费太多时间可能会增加焦虑和悲伤的感觉)”可知，过度使用互联网让年轻人感到担心和不开心，影响年轻人的心理健康。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“using the Internet was connected with fewer symptoms (症状) of sadness or depression (抑郁), greater life satisfaction(使用互联网可以减少悲伤或抑郁的症状，提高生活满意度)”以及后文“self-reported health(自我报告的健康状况)”可知，上文列举了使用互联网的好处，即使用互联网可以减少悲伤或抑郁的症状，提高生活满意度，改善自我报告的健康状况。故划线词意思是“改善”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Interestingly, they found that certain groups of older adults benefited more from the use of the Internet than others. For example, older adults who did fewer social activities or took part in less physical exercise experienced greater positive effects.(有趣的是，他们发现某些老年人群体比其他人从使用互联网中受益更多。例如，较少参加社会活动或较少参加体育锻炼的老年人体验到更大的积极影响)”可知，研究人员从这项研究中发现使用互联网对某些老年人群体有好处。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers stressed that the Internet can be an excellent place for older adults to learn new things, connect with others, and access important services and information. They described the Internet as a cheap and effective way to improve older adults’ mental health, especially those who live outside towns and cities.(研究人员强调，互联网可以成为老年人学习新事物、与他人联系、获取重要服务和信息的绝佳场所。他们认为，互联网是改善老年人心理健康的一种廉价而有效的方式，尤其是那些居住在城镇以外的老年人)”可知，互联网改善老年人的心理健康，使农村地区的老年人受益。故选C。
【答案】16．E 17．A 18．F 19．G 20．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为什么飞机座位几乎是蓝色的这一现象。
【解析】16．根据上文“Color psychology plays an important role in choosing the fabric (布料) for airplane seats.(色彩心理学在飞机座椅面料的选择中起着重要的作用)”以及后文““The idea is to help passengers feel at home, with relaxing colors and restful designs,” explained Shelly Zundell in a press release.(雪莉·赞德尔在新闻发布会上解释说：“这个想法是为了让乘客有宾至如归的感觉，用放松的颜色和宁静的设计。”)”可知，本句承上启下，说明了色彩心理学起作用的原因是人们对颜色有情感联系，故E选项“人们经常把某些颜色和某些感觉联系起来”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据后文“In a study reported by Popular Science,48 percent of participants thought that soda in a blue glass was more thirst-quenching (解渴的) than that served in glasses of other colors, probably because they connected blue with cold.(在《大众科学》杂志的一项研究中，48%的参与者认为，装在蓝色杯子里的苏打水比装在其他颜色杯子里的苏打水更能解渴，这可能是因为他们把蓝色与冷联系在一起)”可知，蓝色让人感觉更凉爽，故A选项“身体上感觉更凉爽”符合语境，故选A。
18．根据上文“Colors such as red and orange can make people feel warmer. Although it’s not unheard of, red is a less common color for airplane seats.(像红色和橙色这样的颜色会让人感觉更温暖。虽然这并非闻所未闻，但红色在飞机座位上并不常见)”可知，本句进一步说明了红色不常用在飞机座椅上的原因，因为红色让人感觉热，故F选项“登机时感到热对任何人都没有好处”符合语境，故选F。
19．根据上文“It is a universally well-liked color.(它是一种普遍受欢迎的颜色)”以及后文“It’s a universal color that’s appealing to most.(它是一种对大多数人都有吸引力的普遍颜色)”可知，本句具体说明了蓝色普遍受欢迎，因为很少有人讨厌蓝色，故G选项“很难找到对蓝色有强烈反感的人”符合语境，故选G。
20．根据上文“The right shade hides stains (污渍) well. Dark blue seats are also just practical. Imagine how many people sit in them per day. Darker shades are better at hiding stains and don’t show their wear as easily. Those dark blue seats will look fresher and newer for longer.(正确的颜色可以很好地隐藏污渍。深蓝色的座椅也很实用。想象一下每天有多少人坐在里面。深色的颜色更能隐藏污渍，也不容易露出污渍。那些深蓝色的座位看起来会更新鲜、更崭新)”可知，上文提到了深蓝色的座位看起来会更新鲜、更崭新，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文，说明这一设置所带来的影响。故B选项“这反映了一种很酷的专业精神”符合语境，故选B。
【答案】
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．D 30．C 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了查理·埃瑟斯的妻子伊莱娜在骑车回家途中摔倒，得到四位陌生女性的帮助，查理对此深表感激并在事后表达谢意的故事。
【解析】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他刚做好晚饭，就从她的智能手表上收到了她摔倒的通知。A. rolled滚动；B. missed错失；C. got得到，收到；D. announced宣布。根据下文“a notification from her smartwatch that she had fallen.”可知，他刚做完晚饭就收到了她智能手表发出的她摔倒的通知。故选C项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：查理·埃瑟斯跳上他的车，开了大约一英里来到通知显示她摔倒的地方。A. office办公室；B. hospital医院；C. home家；D. spot地点。根据下文“where the notification indicated (表明) she had fallen.”可知，查理 埃瑟斯跳上汽车，开车大约一英里到通知显示她摔倒的那个地点。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他到达时，她躺在路中间。A. lying躺；B. crying哭；C. sleeping睡觉；D. standing站立。根据前文提到她摔倒了以及“in the middle of the road.”可知，当他到达时，她正躺在路中间。故选A项。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果是伊莱娜 埃瑟斯撞到了路上的一块石头，把她摔倒在地。A. came about发生；B. turned out结果是；C. made sure确保；D. figured out弄清楚，解决。根据下文“Elana Essers had hit a stone on the road, throwing her to the ground.”可知，结果是伊莱娜 埃瑟斯在路上撞到了一块石头，把她摔倒在地。故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当查理·埃瑟斯在路上发现他的妻子时，她并不独自一人。A. injured受伤的；B. safe安全的；C. alone独自的；D. awake醒着的。根据下文“There were four cars on each side of her, protecting her from being hit by other 6 on the road.”以及“And she was surrounded by these four women”可知，当查理 埃瑟斯发现他妻子在路上时，她不是独自一人。故选C项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的两边各有四辆车，保护她不被路上的其他车撞到。A. cars汽车；B. bicycles自行车；C. stones石头；D. drivers司机。根据上文“There were four cars on each side of her”可知，她两边各有四辆车，保护她不被路上的其他车辆撞到。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被四个女性包围了——四个陌生人——她们停下来，堵住了交通，把她挡在了路中间。A. friends朋友；B. strangers陌生人；C. neighbors邻居；D. relatives亲戚。根据语境以及“who had stopped, and were blocking traffic”可知，这四个女人停下来帮助他的妻子，在此之前他和妻子并不认识她们，所以是四个陌生人。故选B项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：女人们小心翼翼地把他的妻子抱在怀里。A. calmly平静地；B. quickly快速地；C. generously慷慨地；D. carefully小心地。根据下文“…holding his wife in their arms. They helped comfort her until emergency crews (紧急救援队) 9 .”可知，这些女人小心翼翼地把他的妻子抱在怀里。故选D项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助安慰她，直到急救人员到达。A. gathered聚集；B. disappeared消失；C. called呼叫；D. arrived到达。根据“They helped comfort her until emergency crews…”可知，她们帮助安慰她直到紧急救援队到达。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管伊伊莱娜 埃瑟斯不得不接受紧急手术，但她最终康复了。A. suffered遭受；B. died死亡；C. recovered恢复；D. improved提高。根据上文“Although she had to get an emergency operation”以及后文查理表达感谢可知，伊莱娜 埃瑟斯最终康复了。故选C项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事故发生几个月后，查理·埃瑟斯做了一个很大的牌子，放在女士们帮忙的街道上。A. accident事故；B. challenge挑战；C. transition过渡；D. battle战斗。根据前文描述的伊莱娜 埃瑟斯摔倒受伤的事情可知，这里说的是事故发生几个月后。故选A项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事故发生几个月后，查理·埃瑟斯做了一个很大的牌子，放在女士们帮忙的街道上。A. letter信；B. sign牌子，标志；C. photo照片；D. gift礼物。根据后文的内容“To the four angelic women who jumped out of their cars, stopped traffic, and surrounded my injured wife at this corner on April 6,2023…”可知，查理 埃瑟斯制作了一个大的牌子放在那些女人帮助他妻子的街道上。故选B项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面写道：“2023年4月6日，在这个角落，四位天使般的女性跳出汽车，阻止交通，包围了我受伤的妻子。言语无法表达我和我的家人对你们的感激之情。”A. pronounced发音；B. spelled拼写；C. announced宣布；D. read写着，读作。 根据下文“To the four angelic women who jumped out of their cars, stopped traffic, and surrounded my injured wife at this corner on April 6,2023: Words cannot express how 14 my family and I are of you...”可知，牌子上写着这些内容。故选D项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上面写道：“2023年4月6日，在这个角落，四位天使般的女性跳出汽车，阻止交通，包围了我受伤的妻子。言语无法表达我和我的家人对你们的感激之情。”A. lucky幸运的；B. angry生气的；C. appreciative感激的；D. sad悲伤的。根据前文这些女人帮助了他的妻子可知，他和他的家人对这些女人非常感激。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你们无私的行为使你们永远是我们心目中的英雄。A. heroines英雄；B. dreams梦想；C. goals目标；D. sisters姐妹。根据上文“Your selfless actions make you forever.”以及下文“We will never forget your kindness and care. Thank you.”可知，这些女人的无私行为让她们在他和家人眼里永远是女英雄。故选A项。
【答案】
36．a 37．favorable 38．is believed 39．gently 40．that/which 41．sets 42．matters 43．for 44．their 45．carrying
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的历史以及重要文化意义。
【解析】36．考查冠词。句意：中国茶文化是一种独特而悠久的传统，深深植根于民族的历史。此处tradition为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
37．考查形容词。句意：这些地区拥有得天独厚的气候条件和独特的土壤条件，出产各种各样的茶叶。修饰名词climates用形容词favorable。故填favorable。
38．考查固定短语。句意：它被认为对身体有很多好处。表示“被认为”短语为be believed to do sth.，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用单数。故填is believed。
39．考查副词。句意：从加热锅到轻轻浸泡茶叶，这一过程需要一丝不苟的关注。修饰动词steeping用副词gently。故填gently。
40．考查定语从句。句意：你可以把它看作是一种强调正念、尊重和和谐的仪式。定语从句修饰先行词ceremony，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。
41．考查名词的数。句意：人们使用特殊的茶具，包括茶壶、杯子和托盘。根据后文consisting of teapots, cups, and trays可知数量大于一应用复数形式sets作宾语。故填sets。
42．考查时态。句意：整个过程的每一步都非常小心，因为制作完美杯子的每一个细节都很重要。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为every detail，谓语用三单形式。故填matters。
43．考查介词。句意：它为人们提供了一个聚集、交流和加强关系的公共场所。短语provide sth. for sb.表示“为某人提供某物”。故填for。
44．考查代词。句意：在这个过程中，人们不仅享受茶的味道，也珍惜他们分享的时间。修饰名词time应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：发扬其丰富的遗产的中国茶文化继续吸引着世界各地的人们。此处carry与culture构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故填carrying。
46．【答案】Dear Jack,
How’s everything going Last weekend, our school organized a visit to the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor. It’s an astonishing archaeological site, famous for its Terracotta Army, which guards the tomb of China’s first emperor, Qin Shi Huang.
Walking through the museum, I was amazed by the lifelike statues and the intricate details. The scale and grandeur of the construction left me in awe. It was a profound experience, blending history and art in such a unique way.
Hope you get a chance to visit too! Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生Jack写一封邮件，简要介绍秦始皇陵以及你的感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
惊人的：astonishing→amazing
机会：chance→opportunity
被……惊叹：be amazed by→be impressed by
独特的：unique→distinct
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It was a profound experience, blending history and art in such a unique way.
拓展句：It was a profound experience because it blended history and art in such a unique way.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s an astonishing archaeological site, famous for its Terracotta Army, which guards the tomb of China’s first emperor, Qin Shi Huang. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Walking through the museum, I was amazed by the lifelike statues and the intricate details. (运用了现在分词作状语)
47．【答案】 Last weekend, visiting our parents with my brothers, I mentioned the popcorn. We all laughed as we reminisced about those cozy winter nights. Mom’s eyes lit up as she recalled the process, and Dad chimed in with his own memories of the delicious treat. It was as if we were transported back to those simpler times, the aroma of popcorn filling the air once again. We decided to recreate the moment, and Mom led the way, just like she used to. The sound of the corn popping brought smiles to our faces, and the warmth of the bowl in our hands was a pleasant reminder of our childhood.
I suggested we continue the popcorn as a family tradition. Everyone agreed, and we planned to make it a regular event, especially during the colder months. It was a way to keep our family bond strong and to pass down the tradition to the next generation. As we sat together, enjoying the popcorn and each other’s company, I realized how important these moments are. They are the threads that weave the fabric of our family history, creating memories that will last a lifetime.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者回忆童年时与家人一起制作爆米花的温馨时光，并提议将这个传统延续下去，以加强家庭纽带。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“上周末，我和兄弟们去看望父母时，我提到了爆米花。”可知，第一段可描写全家人回忆爆米花的情景。
②由第二段首句内容“我建议我们把吃爆米花作为家庭传统继续下去。”可知，第二段可描写家人都同意把吃爆米花作为家庭传统继续下去以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：回忆冬季里的爆米花——重现那一刻——同意保持吃爆米花的传统——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回忆：reminisce / recall
②决定：decide / determine
③提议：suggest / propose
④同意：agree / consent
情绪类
①令人愉快的：pleasant/delightful
②温暖：warmth / coziness
【点睛】[高分句型1] We all laughed as we reminisced about those cozy winter nights. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] They are the threads that weave the fabric of our family history, creating memories that will last a lifetime. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Join the Wildlife Conservation Initiative（倡议）
Are you interested in protecting wildlife and preserving natural habitats Our Wildlife Conservation Initiative offers you various opportunities to get involved and make a difference. Whether you are a student, a professional, or a nature lover, there is a way for everyone to contribute. Here are some key aspects of our initiative.Conservation Activities
●Habitat Restoration: Join in projects that restore and maintain natural habitats. Activities include planting native trees, removing invasive species, and cleaning up natural areas.
●Wildlife Monitoring: Assist in monitoring local wildlife populations. This involves tracking animal movements, recording sightings, and collecting data to support research and conservation efforts.
●Educational Workshops: Attend workshops to learn about wildlife conservation, the importance of biodiversity, and how you can help protect endangered species. These workshops are led by experts in the field.
●Community Outreach: Help raise awareness about wildlife conservation in your community. This can include organizing events, giving presentations, and distributing educational materials.How to Get Involved
●Visit Our Website: For more information and to sign up, visit our website at www.wildlifeconservation.org.
●Contact Us: You can also call us at (555)456-7890 or email info@ wildlifeconservation.org. Our team is here to answer any question you may have.Special Offer
Sign up for our volunteer program before the end of this month and receive a free Wildlife Conservation Starter Kit, including a field guide, a reusable water bottle, and a wildlife tracking notebook. Don’t miss this chance to join our efforts in protecting wildlife!
1．Which activity involves tracking animal movements and recording sightings
A．Habitat Restoration. B．Wildlife Monitoring.
C．Educational Workshops. D．Community Outreach.
2．What special offer is available for those who sign up before the end of the month
A．Free entry to a national park.
B．Free guided tours of natural habitats.
C．Free Wildlife Conservation Starter Kit.
D．Free membership of a wildlife magazine.
3．What is the main purpose of this text
A．To sell wildlife tracking equipment.
B．To advertise a new nature documentary.
C．To describe different species of animals.
D．To promote a wildlife conservation initiative.
Every Saturday, at a church in Gothenburg, Sweden, hundreds of people of all ages and backgrounds gather. They speak more than 20 languages. As they prepare their instruments, a smiling man walks in. He greets everyone, steps onto the stage, and raises his baton (指挥棒). Music fills the room.
This is a music group called the Hope Orchestra, organized by John Smith. Since 2016, his free program has given homeless people from other countries, young people in need, and native Swedes the chance to learn an instrument, connect with others, and enrich their lives.
Smith grew up in a poor family in Venezuela. To help his family make ends meet, he started selling ice cream when he was in primary school. Across the street was a program called Music for All, which provides free classical music training to children who have no chance to learn it. At 10, Smith joined the group. “I fell in love with music from my first class,” he said. “For me, playing the violin is like feeling electricity.”
He also appreciated the group’s inclusive philosophy. “It didn’t matter whether I was the boy selling ice cream in front of the school or the son or daughter of the mayor,” he said. Finally, Smith worked for Music for All to help spread the group’s innovative (创新的) teaching methods worldwide. Even near the Arctic Circle, he started Greenland’s first youth orchestra.
It was this work that led him to first visit Sweden in 2015. In Stockholm, he was shocked to see many helpless people arriving in the country. The following year, he moved to Gothenburg where he offered a music group for those people. He started with 13 students. Most of them had no background in music, but he lent them instruments and began teaching them. He named the group the Hope Orchestra to inspire them.
“For me, that’s what a music education is about,” said Smith. “It’s about giving you new opportunities to learn about life, about challenges, about dreaming, and about connecting you to your soul.”
4．What do we know about the Hope Orchestra
A．It has been warmly received. B．It attracts any music lover.
C．It charges people for courses. D．It promotes music development.
5．What is Smith’s attitude to Music for All
A．Unclear. B．Admiring. C．Curious. D．Amazed.
6．Why did Smith help the people with the music group
A．He’d like to encourage them to cheer up. B．He wanted to improve their lives.
C．Music for All asked him to do that. D．People were eager to learn music.
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．Smith and Music for All B．Accept Life Bravely
C．How a Group Is Created D．The Power of Music
Whales live in oceans all over the world. Many species are increasing in number because many countries have stopped hunting them. However, some species are still endangered. Today, one of the biggest threats to whales is collisions (碰撞事故) with ships.
Ship collisions kill more than 20,000 whales every year, and this is a global problem. Ocean traffic is expected to grow by at least 240 percent by 2050, which will make collisions with whales even more likely. But a program called Whale Safe, recently tested in North American waters, can help protect whales from ships.
Whale Safe was started on the West Coast of the US in 2020 after an increase in whale collisions. The lead scientist of Whale Safe said that for every dead whale found, 10 more were believed to die without being recorded. Although there was a voluntary speed limit for ships, the team thought that warning ships about nearby whales could help reduce speeds and save more whales.
Whale Safe uses special buoys (浮标) with microphones to listen for whale sounds in the ocean. These buoys can separate whale calls from other ocean noises. The technology was developed by Mark Baumgartner at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts. When whales are detected, the information is sent to nearby ships to warn them to slow down. The team also tracks ship speeds using a tracking system.
This program has worked very well. In California’s Santa Barbara Channel, a place known for many whale collisions, the number of ships that slowed down increased from 46 percent in 2019 to 63.5 percent in 2023.
Whale Safe is helping to protect whales and reduce the number of collisions with ships, giving these amazing animals a better chance to survive.
8．What may be a big threat to whales in the following over two decades
A．Loss of natural habitats. B．Increasing ocean pollution.
C．Accidents related to ships. D．Collisions with ships and other whales.
9．What did Whale Safe’s lead scientist mean
A．The problem of collisions between whales and ships was very serious.
B．Nearby ships had to change their original sailing routes.
C．Researchers should put more efforts into the protection.
D．The technology to track whales was not advanced.
10．What is the main purpose of Whale Safe’s buoys
A．To track ship speeds. B．To warn whales of danger.
C．To clean ocean noises. D．To listen for whale sounds.
11．What does the author think of Whale Safe
A．It needs more funding. B．It has brought positive results.
C．It is too detailed to apply. D．It has not made a significant impact.
Governments around the world are increasingly worried about the effect of using the Internet on young people’s mental health. And studies have shown that spending too much time on screens and social media may increase feelings of anxiety and sadness. However, according to a new study, for older adults, properly using the Internet might bring many benefits and should perhaps be encouraged.
Researchers from Hong Kong investigated the effects of using the Internet on the mental health of adults aged over 50. Data from more than 87,500 people in 23 countries was used in the study. The study found that using the Internet was connected with fewer symptoms (症状) of sadness or depression (抑郁), greater life satisfaction, and ameliorated self-reported health.
When researchers looked at the data from people in the US, England, and China in a little more detail, they discovered that the increased use of the Internet was connected with better mental health. Interestingly, they found that certain groups of older adults benefited more from the use of the Internet than others. For example, older adults who did fewer social activities or took part in less physical exercise experienced greater positive effects. Similarly, people with disabilities and those with higher education levels also got stronger benefits. The positive effects were stronger among people who used the Internet every day.
The researchers stressed that the Internet can be an excellent place for older adults to learn new things, connect with others, and access important services and information. They described the Internet as a cheap and effective way to improve older adults’ mental health, especially those who live outside towns and cities.
For these individuals, the Internet can make it easier to access resources and social opportunities that may be difficult to reach. This shows that the Internet is not only a tool for communication but also a valuable resource for supporting mental well-being among older populations.
12．How does overusing the Internet affect young people’s mental health
A．It damages their physical condition. B．It brings them happiness and benefits.
C．It makes them feel worried and unhappy. D．It helps them stay connected with others.
13．What does the underlined word “ameliorated” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Proved. B．Improved. C．Cured. D．Affected.
14．What did researchers find from the study
A．More older adults surfed online than younger ones.
B．Many countries encouraged people to use computers.
C．Using the Internet promoted all people’s physical health.
D．Using the Internet is good for some groups of older adults.
15．How does the Internet benefit older adults in rural areas
A．It helps them save money. B．It keeps them physically active.
C．It improves their mental health. D．It allows them to travel more easily.
Why Are Airplane Seats Almost Blue
Have you ever paid attention to the color of the airplane seats They’re almost always blue and there are very few exceptions to this rule. Some people think it reminds us of the sky. But the explanation isn’t that simple!
Color psychology plays an important role in choosing the fabric (布料) for airplane seats. 16 “The idea is to help passengers feel at home, with relaxing colors and restful designs,” explained Shelly Zundell in a press release.
Blue is a calming color that suggests peace, calmness, and relaxation. 17 In a study reported by Popular Science, 48 percent of participants thought that soda in a blue glass was more thirst-quenching (解渴的) than that served in glasses of other colors, probably because they connected blue with cold. Colors such as red and orange can make people feel warmer. Although it’s not unheard of, red is a less common color for airplane seats. 18
It is a universally well-liked color. 19 It’s a universal color that’s appealing to most. This is also the same reason why many brands have blue logos. People universally connect the color with positive things such as clean water and blue skies, so they tend to like it. Across ages and across cultures, it’s probably the world’s favorite color.
The right shade hides stains (污渍) well. Dark blue seats are also just practical. Imagine how many people sit in them per day. Darker shades are better at hiding stains and don’t show their wear as easily. Those dark blue seats will look fresher and newer for longer. 20
A．It physically feels cooler.
B．It reflects a cool professionalism.
C．But is there any other explanation
D．However, some planes also have red seats.
E．People often connect certain colors with certain feelings.
F．Feeling hot when you board an airplane is good for no one.
G．It’s hard to find someone who has strong feelings against the color blue.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
One spring evening in 2023, Charlie Essers was waiting for his wife, Elana Essers, to bike home from work. He’d just finished making dinner when he 21 a notification from her smartwatch that she had fallen.
Charlie Essers jumped in his car and drove about a mile to the 22 where the notification indicated (表明) she had fallen. When he arrived, she was 23 in the middle of the road. It 24 that Elana Essers had hit a stone on the road, throwing her to the ground.
But when Charlie Essers found his wife there on the road, she wasn’t 25 . There were four cars on each side of her, protecting her from being hit by other 26 on the road.
“And she was surrounded by these four women—four 27 —who had stopped, and were blocking traffic, and holding her in the middle of the road,” Charlie Essers remembered,
The women were 28 holding his wife in their arms. They helped comfort her until emergency crews (紧急救援队) 29 .
Although she had to get an emergency operation, Elana Essers finally 30 . A few months after the 31 , Charlie Essers made a large 32 and put it on the street where the women had helped.
It 33 , “To the four angelic women who jumped out of their cars, stopped traffic, and surrounded my injured wife at this corner on April 6,2023: Words cannot express how 34 my family and I are of you. Your selfless actions make you forever 35 in our eyes. We will never forget your kindness and care. Thank you.”
21．A．rolled B．missed C．got D．announced
22．A．office B．hospital C．home D．spot
23．A．lying B．crying C．sleeping D．standing
24．A．came about B．turned out C．made sure D．figured out
25．A．injured B．safe C．alone D．awake
26．A．cars B．bicycles C．stones D．drivers
27．A．friends B．strangers C．neighbors D．relatives
28．A．calmly B．quickly C．generously D．carefully
29．A．gathered B．disappeared C．called D．arrived
30．A．suffered B．died C．recovered D．improved
31．A．accident B．challenge C．transition D．battle
32．A．letter B．sign C．photo D．gift
33．A．pronounced B．spelled C．announced D．read
34．A．lucky B．angry C．appreciative D．sad
35．A．heroines B．dreams C．goals D．sisters
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese tea culture is 36 unique and time-honored tradition deeply rooted in the nation’s history. It’s far more than just a daily drink; it symbolizes Chinese values, artistry, and social bonds.
Tea is widely grown across lots of regions of China. These areas, blessed with their 37 (favor) climates and unique soil conditions, produce a wide variety of tea. Green tea, for example, is well-loved for its fresh and delicate taste and its health-promoting nature. It 38 (believe) to offer numerous benefits to the body.
The art of tea-making is a key feature of Chinese tea culture. The process, from warming the pot to 39 (gentle) steeping (浸泡) the leaves, demands meticulous attention. You can regard it as a ceremony (仪式) 40 stresses mindfulness, respect, and harmony.
Traditional tea ceremonies serve as an impressive showcase of Chinese culture. People employ special tea 41 (set), consisting of teapots, cups, and trays. Each step of the entire process is carried out with great care, because every detail 42 (matter) in creating the perfect cup.
Tea also plays an important social role. It provides a common ground 43 people to gather, communicate, and strengthen relationships. Whether it’s a casual get-together or a formal occasion, sharing a pot of tea can turn it into a special moment. During this process, people not only enjoy the taste of tea but also value 44 (they) shared time. Chinese tea culture, 45 (carry) forward its rich heritage, continues to attract people around the globe.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假定你是李华，你校在周末组织大家参观了秦始皇陵。请你给交换生Jack写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.简要介绍秦始皇陵；
2.你的感受。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：秦始皇陵Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor；兵马俑Terracotta Army
Dear Jack,
How’s everything going
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was a boy, my mom would often let me help her make popcorn (爆米花)to eat while we watched TV on cold, winter nights. Mom made it in the traditional way too. She would take an iron frying pan and light the stove (炉子)under it. Then she would pour in a little oil and add a piece of butter. Next, she would bring out a big handful of corn from the corn grain bag.
Together we would wait until we heard the first corn popping. Then we would take the frying pan and lid and shake them over the fire to keep the popcorn from burning. Shake, shake, shake and pop, pop, pop until the frying pan was full to overflowing. Finally, Mom would empty it all into a huge bowl and shake salt all over it.
After this, we would all sit down in the living room, with Dad in his rocking chair, Nana in her chair by the stove, and Mom, my brothers and I on the sofa. There was always enough popcorn for everyone and Mom even let me eat the corn grains that didn’t quite finish popping.
The funny thing is that I can’t really remember a single one of the programs that we watched on TV on those nights. They all escaped from my mind. What I can remember clearly, however, is the smell of the popcorn, the warmth of the bowl on my leg, the delicious taste of it, and most of all the joy I felt with Mom sitting next to me. I felt so loved, so safe, and so happy. There with my family, all seemed right with the world. We didn’t have a huge home, a lot of money, or even fancy snacks from the store, but we had love and that was all we needed.
Now although we have grown up and have a family, we still have memories of that wonderful popcorn from time to time.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Last weekend, visiting our parents with my brothers, I mentioned the popcorn.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I suggested we continue the popcorn as a family tradition.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了野生动物保护倡议活动，以及几种参与方式。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据Conservation Activities中“Wildlife Monitoring: Assist in monitoring local wildlife populations. This involves tracking animal movements, recording sightings, and collecting data to support research and conservation efforts.( 野生动物监测：协助监测当地野生动物数量。这包括跟踪动物活动，记录目击事件，收集数据以支持研究和保护工作)” 可知，参与追踪动物的活动轨迹和记录目击情况的是野生动物监测活动。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据Special Offer中“Sign up for our volunteer program before the end of this month and receive a free Wildlife Conservation Starter Kit, including a field guide, a reusable water bottle, and a wildlife tracking notebook.( 在本月底之前报名参加我们的志愿者计划，并获得免费的野生动物保护入门工具包，包括野外指南，可重复使用的水瓶和野生动物跟踪笔记本)”可知，在本月底前报名参加志愿者项目的人可获得免费的野生动物保护入门工具包。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中开头就表明“Our Wildlife Conservation Initiative offers you various opportunities to get involved and make a difference.( 我们的野生动物保护倡议为您提供各种参与和发挥作用的机会)”接着介绍了保护活动的具体内容、如何参与以及特别优惠。由此推知，本文的目的是推广这个野生动物保护倡议，吸引人们参与。故选D项。
【答案】4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为希望乐团的音乐团体，讲述了建立的经过以及创立人对于音乐的看法。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Every Saturday, at a church in Gothenburg, Sweden, hundreds of people of all ages and backgrounds gather. (每周六，在瑞典哥德堡的一个教堂里，数百名不同年龄和背景的人聚集在一起。)”以及第二段“Since 2016, his free program has given homeless people from other countries, young people in need, and native Swedes the chance to learn an instrument, connect with others, and enrich their lives. (自2016年以来，他的免费项目为来自其他国家的无家可归者、有需要的年轻人和瑞典本地人提供了学习乐器、与他人交流、丰富生活的机会。)”可知，希望乐团受到了热烈欢迎。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段“At 10, Smith joined the group. “I fell in love with music from my first class,” he said. “For me, playing the violin is like feeling electricity.” (10岁时，史密斯加入了这个团体。“我从第一节课开始就爱上了音乐，”他说。“对我来说，拉小提琴就像感受电流一样。”)”可知，史密斯对全民音乐的态度是欣赏。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He started with 13 students. Most of them had no background in music, but he lent them instruments and began teaching them. He named the group the Hope Orchestra to inspire them. (他从13个学生开始。他们中的大多数人没有音乐背景，但他借给他们乐器，并开始教他们。他将这支乐队命名为“希望乐团”，以激励他们。)”可知，史密斯帮助乐队的人是因为他想鼓励他们振作起来。故选A。
7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段““For me, that’s what a music education is about,” said Smith. “It’s about giving you new opportunities to learn about life, about challenges, about dreaming, and about connecting you to your soul.” (“对我来说，这就是音乐教育的意义所在，”史密斯说。“这是给你新的机会，让你了解生活、挑战、梦想，让你与自己的灵魂联系起来。”)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名为希望乐团的音乐团体，讲述了建立的经过以及创立人对于音乐的看法。可知，D选项“音乐的力量”最符合文章标题。故选D。
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了船只事故导致了许多鲸鱼死亡，为此采取了一些保护鲸鱼的措施。
【解析】8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Ship collisions kill more than 20,000 whales every year, and this is a global problem. Ocean traffic is expected to grow by at least 240 percent by 2050, which will make collisions with whales even more likely.(每年有超过2万头鲸鱼死于船只碰撞，这是一个全球性问题。到2050年，海洋交通预计将增长至少240%，这将使与鲸鱼相撞的可能性更大)”可知，在接下来的二十年里，对鲸鱼来说最大的威胁是与船舶有关的事故。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“The lead scientist of Whale Safe said that for every dead whale found, 10 more were believed to die without being recorded. (鲸鱼安全组织的首席科学家说，每发现一条死鲸，就有10多条死鲸被认为没有被记录)”可知，鲸鱼安全组织的首席科学家意思是鲸鱼和船只相撞的问题非常严重。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Whale Safe uses special buoys (浮标) with microphones to listen for whale sounds in the ocean. These buoys can separate whale calls from other ocean noises.(鲸鱼安全使用带有麦克风的特殊浮标来收听海洋中鲸鱼的声音。这些浮标可以将鲸鱼的叫声与其他海洋噪音区分开来)”可知，鲸鱼安全浮标的主要用途是听鲸鱼的声音。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whale Safe is helping to protect whales and reduce the number of collisions with ships, giving these amazing animals a better chance to survive.(鲸鱼安全组织正在帮助保护鲸鱼，减少与船只的碰撞次数，给这些神奇的动物更好的生存机会)”可知，作者认为鲸鱼安全带来了积极的结果。故选B。
【答案】12．C 13．B 14．D 15．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现对于老年人来说，正确使用互联网可能会带来许多好处，也许应该鼓励。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Governments around the world are increasingly worried about the effect of using the Internet on young people’s mental health. And studies have shown that spending too much time on screens and social media may increase feelings of anxiety and sadness.(世界各国政府越来越担心使用互联网对年轻人心理健康的影响。研究表明，在屏幕和社交媒体上花费太多时间可能会增加焦虑和悲伤的感觉)”可知，过度使用互联网让年轻人感到担心和不开心，影响年轻人的心理健康。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“using the Internet was connected with fewer symptoms (症状) of sadness or depression (抑郁), greater life satisfaction(使用互联网可以减少悲伤或抑郁的症状，提高生活满意度)”以及后文“self-reported health(自我报告的健康状况)”可知，上文列举了使用互联网的好处，即使用互联网可以减少悲伤或抑郁的症状，提高生活满意度，改善自我报告的健康状况。故划线词意思是“改善”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Interestingly, they found that certain groups of older adults benefited more from the use of the Internet than others. For example, older adults who did fewer social activities or took part in less physical exercise experienced greater positive effects.(有趣的是，他们发现某些老年人群体比其他人从使用互联网中受益更多。例如，较少参加社会活动或较少参加体育锻炼的老年人体验到更大的积极影响)”可知，研究人员从这项研究中发现使用互联网对某些老年人群体有好处。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers stressed that the Internet can be an excellent place for older adults to learn new things, connect with others, and access important services and information. They described the Internet as a cheap and effective way to improve older adults’ mental health, especially those who live outside towns and cities.(研究人员强调，互联网可以成为老年人学习新事物、与他人联系、获取重要服务和信息的绝佳场所。他们认为，互联网是改善老年人心理健康的一种廉价而有效的方式，尤其是那些居住在城镇以外的老年人)”可知，互联网改善老年人的心理健康，使农村地区的老年人受益。故选C。
【答案】16．E 17．A 18．F 19．G 20．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为什么飞机座位几乎是蓝色的这一现象。
【解析】16．根据上文“Color psychology plays an important role in choosing the fabric (布料) for airplane seats.(色彩心理学在飞机座椅面料的选择中起着重要的作用)”以及后文““The idea is to help passengers feel at home, with relaxing colors and restful designs,” explained Shelly Zundell in a press release.(雪莉·赞德尔在新闻发布会上解释说：“这个想法是为了让乘客有宾至如归的感觉，用放松的颜色和宁静的设计。”)”可知，本句承上启下，说明了色彩心理学起作用的原因是人们对颜色有情感联系，故E选项“人们经常把某些颜色和某些感觉联系起来”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据后文“In a study reported by Popular Science,48 percent of participants thought that soda in a blue glass was more thirst-quenching (解渴的) than that served in glasses of other colors, probably because they connected blue with cold.(在《大众科学》杂志的一项研究中，48%的参与者认为，装在蓝色杯子里的苏打水比装在其他颜色杯子里的苏打水更能解渴，这可能是因为他们把蓝色与冷联系在一起)”可知，蓝色让人感觉更凉爽，故A选项“身体上感觉更凉爽”符合语境，故选A。
18．根据上文“Colors such as red and orange can make people feel warmer. Although it’s not unheard of, red is a less common color for airplane seats.(像红色和橙色这样的颜色会让人感觉更温暖。虽然这并非闻所未闻，但红色在飞机座位上并不常见)”可知，本句进一步说明了红色不常用在飞机座椅上的原因，因为红色让人感觉热，故F选项“登机时感到热对任何人都没有好处”符合语境，故选F。
19．根据上文“It is a universally well-liked color.(它是一种普遍受欢迎的颜色)”以及后文“It’s a universal color that’s appealing to most.(它是一种对大多数人都有吸引力的普遍颜色)”可知，本句具体说明了蓝色普遍受欢迎，因为很少有人讨厌蓝色，故G选项“很难找到对蓝色有强烈反感的人”符合语境，故选G。
20．根据上文“The right shade hides stains (污渍) well. Dark blue seats are also just practical. Imagine how many people sit in them per day. Darker shades are better at hiding stains and don’t show their wear as easily. Those dark blue seats will look fresher and newer for longer.(正确的颜色可以很好地隐藏污渍。深蓝色的座椅也很实用。想象一下每天有多少人坐在里面。深色的颜色更能隐藏污渍，也不容易露出污渍。那些深蓝色的座位看起来会更新鲜、更崭新)”可知，上文提到了深蓝色的座位看起来会更新鲜、更崭新，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文，说明这一设置所带来的影响。故B选项“这反映了一种很酷的专业精神”符合语境，故选B。
【答案】
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．D 30．C 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了查理·埃瑟斯的妻子伊莱娜在骑车回家途中摔倒，得到四位陌生女性的帮助，查理对此深表感激并在事后表达谢意的故事。
【解析】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他刚做好晚饭，就从她的智能手表上收到了她摔倒的通知。A. rolled滚动；B. missed错失；C. got得到，收到；D. announced宣布。根据下文“a notification from her smartwatch that she had fallen.”可知，他刚做完晚饭就收到了她智能手表发出的她摔倒的通知。故选C项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：查理·埃瑟斯跳上他的车，开了大约一英里来到通知显示她摔倒的地方。A. office办公室；B. hospital医院；C. home家；D. spot地点。根据下文“where the notification indicated (表明) she had fallen.”可知，查理 埃瑟斯跳上汽车，开车大约一英里到通知显示她摔倒的那个地点。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他到达时，她躺在路中间。A. lying躺；B. crying哭；C. sleeping睡觉；D. standing站立。根据前文提到她摔倒了以及“in the middle of the road.”可知，当他到达时，她正躺在路中间。故选A项。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果是伊莱娜 埃瑟斯撞到了路上的一块石头，把她摔倒在地。A. came about发生；B. turned out结果是；C. made sure确保；D. figured out弄清楚，解决。根据下文“Elana Essers had hit a stone on the road, throwing her to the ground.”可知，结果是伊莱娜 埃瑟斯在路上撞到了一块石头，把她摔倒在地。故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当查理·埃瑟斯在路上发现他的妻子时，她并不独自一人。A. injured受伤的；B. safe安全的；C. alone独自的；D. awake醒着的。根据下文“There were four cars on each side of her, protecting her from being hit by other 6 on the road.”以及“And she was surrounded by these four women”可知，当查理 埃瑟斯发现他妻子在路上时，她不是独自一人。故选C项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的两边各有四辆车，保护她不被路上的其他车撞到。A. cars汽车；B. bicycles自行车；C. stones石头；D. drivers司机。根据上文“There were four cars on each side of her”可知，她两边各有四辆车，保护她不被路上的其他车辆撞到。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被四个女性包围了——四个陌生人——她们停下来，堵住了交通，把她挡在了路中间。A. friends朋友；B. strangers陌生人；C. neighbors邻居；D. relatives亲戚。根据语境以及“who had stopped, and were blocking traffic”可知，这四个女人停下来帮助他的妻子，在此之前他和妻子并不认识她们，所以是四个陌生人。故选B项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：女人们小心翼翼地把他的妻子抱在怀里。A. calmly平静地；B. quickly快速地；C. generously慷慨地；D. carefully小心地。根据下文“…holding his wife in their arms. They helped comfort her until emergency crews (紧急救援队) 9 .”可知，这些女人小心翼翼地把他的妻子抱在怀里。故选D项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助安慰她，直到急救人员到达。A. gathered聚集；B. disappeared消失；C. called呼叫；D. arrived到达。根据“They helped comfort her until emergency crews…”可知，她们帮助安慰她直到紧急救援队到达。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管伊伊莱娜 埃瑟斯不得不接受紧急手术，但她最终康复了。A. suffered遭受；B. died死亡；C. recovered恢复；D. improved提高。根据上文“Although she had to get an emergency operation”以及后文查理表达感谢可知，伊莱娜 埃瑟斯最终康复了。故选C项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事故发生几个月后，查理·埃瑟斯做了一个很大的牌子，放在女士们帮忙的街道上。A. accident事故；B. challenge挑战；C. transition过渡；D. battle战斗。根据前文描述的伊莱娜 埃瑟斯摔倒受伤的事情可知，这里说的是事故发生几个月后。故选A项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事故发生几个月后，查理·埃瑟斯做了一个很大的牌子，放在女士们帮忙的街道上。A. letter信；B. sign牌子，标志；C. photo照片；D. gift礼物。根据后文的内容“To the four angelic women who jumped out of their cars, stopped traffic, and surrounded my injured wife at this corner on April 6,2023…”可知，查理 埃瑟斯制作了一个大的牌子放在那些女人帮助他妻子的街道上。故选B项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面写道：“2023年4月6日，在这个角落，四位天使般的女性跳出汽车，阻止交通，包围了我受伤的妻子。言语无法表达我和我的家人对你们的感激之情。”A. pronounced发音；B. spelled拼写；C. announced宣布；D. read写着，读作。 根据下文“To the four angelic women who jumped out of their cars, stopped traffic, and surrounded my injured wife at this corner on April 6,2023: Words cannot express how 14 my family and I are of you...”可知，牌子上写着这些内容。故选D项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上面写道：“2023年4月6日，在这个角落，四位天使般的女性跳出汽车，阻止交通，包围了我受伤的妻子。言语无法表达我和我的家人对你们的感激之情。”A. lucky幸运的；B. angry生气的；C. appreciative感激的；D. sad悲伤的。根据前文这些女人帮助了他的妻子可知，他和他的家人对这些女人非常感激。故选C项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你们无私的行为使你们永远是我们心目中的英雄。A. heroines英雄；B. dreams梦想；C. goals目标；D. sisters姐妹。根据上文“Your selfless actions make you forever.”以及下文“We will never forget your kindness and care. Thank you.”可知，这些女人的无私行为让她们在他和家人眼里永远是女英雄。故选A项。
【答案】
36．a 37．favorable 38．is believed 39．gently 40．that/which 41．sets 42．matters 43．for 44．their 45．carrying
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的历史以及重要文化意义。
【解析】36．考查冠词。句意：中国茶文化是一种独特而悠久的传统，深深植根于民族的历史。此处tradition为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
37．考查形容词。句意：这些地区拥有得天独厚的气候条件和独特的土壤条件，出产各种各样的茶叶。修饰名词climates用形容词favorable。故填favorable。
38．考查固定短语。句意：它被认为对身体有很多好处。表示“被认为”短语为be believed to do sth.，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用单数。故填is believed。
39．考查副词。句意：从加热锅到轻轻浸泡茶叶，这一过程需要一丝不苟的关注。修饰动词steeping用副词gently。故填gently。
40．考查定语从句。句意：你可以把它看作是一种强调正念、尊重和和谐的仪式。定语从句修饰先行词ceremony，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。
41．考查名词的数。句意：人们使用特殊的茶具，包括茶壶、杯子和托盘。根据后文consisting of teapots, cups, and trays可知数量大于一应用复数形式sets作宾语。故填sets。
42．考查时态。句意：整个过程的每一步都非常小心，因为制作完美杯子的每一个细节都很重要。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为every detail，谓语用三单形式。故填matters。
43．考查介词。句意：它为人们提供了一个聚集、交流和加强关系的公共场所。短语provide sth. for sb.表示“为某人提供某物”。故填for。
44．考查代词。句意：在这个过程中，人们不仅享受茶的味道，也珍惜他们分享的时间。修饰名词time应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：发扬其丰富的遗产的中国茶文化继续吸引着世界各地的人们。此处carry与culture构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故填carrying。
46．【答案】Dear Jack,
How’s everything going Last weekend, our school organized a visit to the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor. It’s an astonishing archaeological site, famous for its Terracotta Army, which guards the tomb of China’s first emperor, Qin Shi Huang.
Walking through the museum, I was amazed by the lifelike statues and the intricate details. The scale and grandeur of the construction left me in awe. It was a profound experience, blending history and art in such a unique way.
Hope you get a chance to visit too! Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生Jack写一封邮件，简要介绍秦始皇陵以及你的感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
惊人的：astonishing→amazing
机会：chance→opportunity
被……惊叹：be amazed by→be impressed by
独特的：unique→distinct
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It was a profound experience, blending history and art in such a unique way.
拓展句：It was a profound experience because it blended history and art in such a unique way.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s an astonishing archaeological site, famous for its Terracotta Army, which guards the tomb of China’s first emperor, Qin Shi Huang. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Walking through the museum, I was amazed by the lifelike statues and the intricate details. (运用了现在分词作状语)
47．【答案】 Last weekend, visiting our parents with my brothers, I mentioned the popcorn. We all laughed as we reminisced about those cozy winter nights. Mom’s eyes lit up as she recalled the process, and Dad chimed in with his own memories of the delicious treat. It was as if we were transported back to those simpler times, the aroma of popcorn filling the air once again. We decided to recreate the moment, and Mom led the way, just like she used to. The sound of the corn popping brought smiles to our faces, and the warmth of the bowl in our hands was a pleasant reminder of our childhood.
I suggested we continue the popcorn as a family tradition. Everyone agreed, and we planned to make it a regular event, especially during the colder months. It was a way to keep our family bond strong and to pass down the tradition to the next generation. As we sat together, enjoying the popcorn and each other’s company, I realized how important these moments are. They are the threads that weave the fabric of our family history, creating memories that will last a lifetime.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者回忆童年时与家人一起制作爆米花的温馨时光，并提议将这个传统延续下去，以加强家庭纽带。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“上周末，我和兄弟们去看望父母时，我提到了爆米花。”可知，第一段可描写全家人回忆爆米花的情景。
②由第二段首句内容“我建议我们把吃爆米花作为家庭传统继续下去。”可知，第二段可描写家人都同意把吃爆米花作为家庭传统继续下去以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：回忆冬季里的爆米花——重现那一刻——同意保持吃爆米花的传统——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回忆：reminisce / recall
②决定：decide / determine
③提议：suggest / propose
④同意：agree / consent
情绪类
①令人愉快的：pleasant/delightful
②温暖：warmth / coziness
【点睛】[高分句型1] We all laughed as we reminisced about those cozy winter nights. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] They are the threads that weave the fabric of our family history, creating memories that will last a lifetime. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
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