2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语外研版 Module 1-Module 3
阶段核心素养培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
( )1．This English song ________ very nice. Who’s it by
A．feels B．tastes C．sounds D．looks
( )2．—Oh, you’d better not take your daughter. She is too young to sit ________ the whole concert (音乐会).
—You are exactly right.
A．through B．in C．at D．by
( )3．My ________ grandfather has a ________ cat.
A．loving; loving B．lovely; loving C．loving; lovely D．love; lovely
( )4．—To tell you the truth, I am now feeling very ________.
—Take it easy. You will make it.
A．peaceful B．nervous C．excited D．happy
( )5．It was cloudy yesterday, ________we enjoyed ourselves in the park.
A．or B．so C．but D．for
( )6．Jim’s parents are very strict with him. They never ________ him to go out at night.
A．stop B．allow C．invite D．order
( )7．Daming ______ an excuse for being late for the school this morning.
A．wrote about B．counted down C．made up D．dreamed of
( )8．—Andy, ________, or you will be late for school.
—OK, mom. Everything will be OK in a minute.
A．put up B．give up C．make up D．hurry up
( )9．—We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it.
—It’s so true. Let’s make full use of what comes.
A．direction B．instruction C．situation D．competition
( )10．The watch looks very nice, but I can’t ________ it. Do you have a cheaper one
A．pay B．spend C．afford D．cost
( )11．________ of my parents allows me to take my cell phone to school.
A．Both B．Neither C．None D．All
( )12．Kitty is popular with the students. They all voted _________ her.
A．in B．on C．for D．of
( )13．Alice ________ the station early in the morning, but she still missed the train because of the heavy traffic.
A．arrived at B．reached C．left for D．left
( )14．Pay attention to the ________ on the wall. It shows library rules.
A．advice B．notice C．news D．pictures
( )15．—Have you had your lunch ________
—Not ________.
A．yet; yet B．yet; already C．already; yet D．already; /
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
I sat watching Dad one afternoon while Mom shopped. He was unable to 16 after his stroke (中风). As he sat in his wheelchair with his head hanging down, I wondered what he was 17 about.
Sometimes he’d get so 18 with himself and with me because all he saw were his weak points, but what I saw was different. I tried to remind him of all he had done before and 19 him to do what he could still do. Although he’d get 20 when I pushed him to exercise his legs, it was nothing to me——all I wished was that he could stand up.
So in another 21 I quietly said to him, “Hey, Dad, I remember, ” he said 22 . “You got to the middle of the street and stopped 23 .”He smiled.
Ahh, there’s my dad, I thought. Seeing the look of 24 on his face, I continued. “Remember, I was so 25 that I couldn’t move. You walked with me from one side of the street to the other, 26 your strong arms holding on to me, guiding me. With your warm 27 and smile, you repeated (重复), “It’s okay, I 28 . You opened up my world, Dad, helping me to be all I could be.”
And 29 we talked about what happened that day, he held his head up higher. And soon 30 was ready to exercise. With a warm voice and a smile, I said, “It’s okay, you’re doing fine.”
( )16．A．hear B．walk C．speak D．see
( )17．A．talking B．arguing C．reading D．thinking
( )18．A．brave B．strict C．upset D．honest
( )19．A．encouraged B．promised C．controlled D．invited
( )20．A．happy B．sick C．amazed D．angry
( )21．A．try B．search C．journey D．accident
( )22．A．leg B．hand C．head D．arm
( )23．A．simply B．suddenly C．heavily D．recently
( )24．A．joy B．peace C．satisfaction D．surprise
( )25．A．interested B．excited C．shocked D．scared
( )26．A．for B．by C．between D．with
( )27．A．heart B．voice C．blood D．spirit
( )28．A．cheered it up B．checked it out C．worked it out D．picked it up
( )29．A．when B．although C．unless D．until
( )30．A．I B．he C．she D．it
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
Last year, Bob visited Vancouver, Canada alone. He went there to give a talk on the environment (环境). When it was over, he travelled to the Rocky Mountains and stayed in the Maple Leaf Hotel. He then took a short walk to look at the local plants in the forest. After a few hours, he knew he took the wrong way, but was sure he could get back to the hotel.
However, after walking for several hours the next day, Bob knew he was in trouble. “I had my mobile phone, but the battery (电池) was almost dead. I could probably make just one call. But I didn’t know the number of my hotel and I didn’t want to worry my family if I really didn’t have to,” said Bob. He went on walking for three more days. He knew which plants he could eat and he had little trouble finding them.
On the fourth day, he knew there was no hope and decided to call his family. “He was quite calm when he spoke to me on the phone,” said Shirley, Bob’s wife. “He seemed (似乎) to be in control (操控) of the situation.” Shirley called the Maple Leaf Hotel at once. “That week lots of visitors went to the city to watch basketball games, and we thought Mr Rigsby went there too,” said the hotel owner. As soon as Shirley phoned, the hotel sent out some people to look for Bob. They found him about one hour later, and luckily he was quite unhurt.
“I will never go to the forest without a guide. I never want an experience like that again,” said Bob.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
( )31．Bob went to Vancouver to _______.
A．watch football games B．give a talk on travelling
C．watch basketball games D．give a talk on the environment
( )32．What does the underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．兴奋的 B．惭愧的 C．已废的 D．充足的
( )33．Who did Bob call in the end
A．His mother. B．His wife. C．His sister. D．His daughter.
( )34．What can we learn about Bob from the passage
A．He knew what he could eat in the forest. B．He stayed in the forest for seven days.
C．He didn't like travelling with others. D．He was seriously hurt in the forest.
( )35．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Travelling in the mountains B．An early call
C．An enjoyable experience D．Lost in the forest
（B）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
Night after night, she came to help me sleep, even long after my childhood (童年) years.
I don’t remember when it first started making me a little angry—my mom’s hands pushing my hair that way. But it really made me uncomfortable, for they felt rough (粗糙的) against my young skin. Finally, one night, I shouted at her, “Don’t do that anymore. Your hands are too rough!” She didn’t say anything, but she never did it again.
Years later, I missed my mother’s hands and her goodnight kiss on my face. I was not a little girl anymore. My mom was in her mid-seventies, and her rough hands were still doing things for my family and me.
Now my own children have grown up. It was late on Thanksgiving Eve. As I slept in my bedroom, a familiar hand ran across my face to push the hair from my head. Then a kiss, ever so softly, touched my forehead (额头).
Taking my mom’s hand, I told her how sorry I was for that night I shouted at her. But my mom didn’t know what I was talking about. She had forgotten it for long.
That night, I fell asleep with a new appreciation (感激) for my mother’s caring hands. And the guilt that I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found.
( )36．Why did the writer feel angry when the mother pushed her hair
A．Because she didn’t like her mother. B．Because her mother was a little dirty.
C．Because her mother’s hands were too rough. D．Because she hoped her mother could have a rest.
( )37．What did the mother do after the writer shouted her
A．She still pushed her hair. B．She shouted back. C．She didn’t say anything.
( )38．When did she begin to miss her mother’s hands
A．When her mother died. B．When she finished her school.
C．When she was twenty years old. D．When her mother was in her mid-seventies.
( )39．What happened on one Thanksgiving Eve
A．She had a baby. B．She lost her mother.
C．Her mother kissed her again. D．She gave her mother a kiss.
( )40．What feeling did the writer have on Thanksgiving Eve
A．Thankful. B．Sorry. C．Worried. D．Excited.
（C）
The development of science and technology makes a difference to people’s life. The creation (创造) of special robots has helped farmers a lot.
The population on the earth grows larger each year. As a result, more and more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyone. Because climate (气候) changes all the time, it’s becoming even more difficult to grow more food. When farmers tried to grow more food in the past, some farming methods were used. However, those farming methods weren’t always healthy for the environment. In fact, they were harmful (有害的) to the environment sometimes.
Could this problem be solved Some scientists spent several years talking to farmers. They wanted to see what problems farmers were having and how these problems could be solved. This led to the creation of special robots. These special robots move around on farms and collect information about crops (庄稼). They can take pictures of plants and track (追踪) each plant’s growth.
By collecting information about plants, the robots can help farmers predict the growth of the plants. That means farmers can know how their plants will grow. By studying each plant, the robots can also help farmers look after plants better. For example, if the robots find out which plants get sick, farmers can quickly throw them away before they are about to influence other plants beside them. With the help of these robots, farmers can take better care of the plants in need.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
( )41．Farmers need to grow more and more food because ________.
A．climate changes all the time
B．there are more and more people on the earth
C．farmers try to grow more food
( )42．In the second paragraph (段落), the word “they” refers to (指的是) ________.
A．farmers B．scientists C．farming methods
( )43．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The special robots can track the growth of each plant.
B．The farmers spent several years creating special robots.
C．Thanks to the robots, none of the plants gets sick.
( )44．The underlined word “influence” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．make progress in B．make a difference to C．break
( )45．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Farmers have information about weather and the earth.
B．The special robots can help farmers grow plants well.
C．Scientists can grow healthy crops.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．A few weeks ago, I found the (mark) of another man’s feet on the sand.
47．Lily won the first place, so we are (pride) of her.
48．Don’t trouble him. He (enter) the information into the computer.
49．It’s (possible) for us to finish so much work in such a short time.
50．We have collected the (late) national and international news and will write reports soon.
51．I feel (紧张) when I speak Chinese in front of people.
52．China is an (古老的) country with more than 5, 000 years’ history.
53．If you (错过) that train then you’ll have to get a taxi.
54．The (环境) of Nanjing is becoming better and better.
55．The man has difficulty (交流) with the foreigners because he can’t speak English.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．尝一尝，你会爱上这些陕西小吃的。
, and you’ll fall in love with these Shaanxi snacks.
57．昨天，我们在历史博物馆看到了许多古代物品。
We saw many things in the history museum yesterday.
58．人们一起倒计时来迎接新年的到来。
People are the days to wait for the new year’s coming.
59．全世界人民都需要和平的国际环境。
People around the world all need a peaceful international .
60．没有宇宙飞船能飞行足够远到达附近其他的恒星。
No spaceship has travelled far reach near other stars.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
You get on well with your dog, don’t you When you arrive home, your dog 61 (become) very excited. His tail wags (摇摆). He’s telling you he’s glad 62 (see) you. If you stand close to him, you’ll see his tail isn’t wagging closer to his right. Do you pay attention to this Oh,no, you don't! Hmm, you don’t know this, 63 . If your dog is afraid, his tail will wag 64 (far) to the left.
“Animals cannot tell us about their feelings, but dogs can wag 65 (they) tails,” says Dr Giorgio Vallortigara. He is one of the scientists who found the 66 (different) between “happy” tail wagging and “unhappy” tail wagging.
Scientists tell us the left side of the brain (大脑) looks after our feelings about things we like. The 67 side of the brain looks after our feelings about things we 68 (not) like. Some 69 (animal) brains also do these jobs with the right and left sides. For example, many birds use the right eye to look 70 food and the left eye to watch for cats.
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．太空是浩瀚的、神秘的。人类对宇宙一直不断地探索，请根据你所学的太空知识，描述一下你心目中的宇宙。再结合你自己的感想，向同学们说说你未来的打算。可适当发挥。内容包括：
(1) universe, galaxy, solar system, earth, moon;
(2) scientists, do research about, Chinese space station;
(3) astronaut, in the future.
作文要求：
(1)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
(2)语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everybody! It’s my turn to tell you something about the space.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案及试题解析
选择题
单项选择
1．C
【详解】句意：这首英文歌听起来非常好听。它是谁演唱的呢？
考查系动词辨析。feels感觉，摸起来；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来；looks看起来。根据“This English song…very nice”可知，指的是歌曲听起来好听。故选C。
2．A
【详解】句意：——哦，你最好别带你女儿去。她还太小，整场音乐会坐不下来。——你说得很对。
考查介词辨析。through自始至终、从头到尾；in在……里面；at在，后加时刻或者小地点；by通过。根据“She is too young to sit...the whole concert”可知，女儿年纪太小了，无法从头坚持到音乐会结束。故选A。
3．C
【详解】句意：我亲爱的爷爷有一只可爱的猫。
考查形容词辨析。loving亲爱的，是形容词；lovely可爱的，是形容词；love热爱，是动词。第一空修饰名词grandfather，描述人，用形容词loving；第二空修饰名词cat，描写动物用形容词lovely，故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：——说实话，我现在感到很紧张。——不要紧张。你可以的。
考查形容词辨析。peaceful平和的；nervous神经紧张的；excited感到兴奋的；happy开心的。根据“Take it easy.”可知，现在感到很紧张。故选B。
5．C
【详解】句意：昨天是阴天，但我们在公园玩得很开心。
考查连词辨析。or或者，否则；so因此；but但是；for因为。根据空前后关系可知，天气不太好，但我们玩得开心。需连词but，表转折。故选C。
6．B
【详解】句意：吉姆的父母对他很严格。他们从不允许他晚上出去。
考查动词词义辨析。stop停止；allow允许；invite邀请；order命令。根据前文“Jim’s parents are very strict with him.”可知，此处应该是不允许他晚上八点后出去。故选B。
7．C
【详解】句意：大明今天早上编造了一个迟到的借口。
考查动词短语辨析。wrote about 写关于……的内容；counted down倒计时；made up编造；dreamed of 梦想。根据“an excuse for being late for the school”可知，空处指“编造借口”，需用“make up an excuse”，故选C。
8．D
【详解】句意：——安迪，快点，否则你上学要迟到了。——好的，妈妈。马上就好了。
考查动词短语。put up张贴；give up放弃；make up组成；hurry up赶紧。根据“or you will be late for school”可知，推断上文是“催促对方快点”，故选D。
9．C
【详解】句意：——如果我们去寻找，我们总能在糟糕的情况下找到好的东西。——这是真的。让我们充分利用到来的一切。
考查名词辨析。direction方向；instruction用法说明；situation情况；competition竞争。根据“Let’s make full use of what comes.”以及“We can always find something good in a bad…”可知，此处指“在糟糕的情况下找到好的东西”，situation符合题意。故选C。
10．C
【详解】句意：这块表看起来很好看，但我买不起。你有更便宜的吗？
考查动词词义辨析。pay付款；spend花费，主语是人，常用于“spend+时间/金钱+doing sth./on sth.”结构；afford买得起；cost花费，主语是物。根据“Do you have a cheaper one ”并结合句子结构可知，此处指买不起，C项符合。故选C。
11．B
【详解】句意：我的父母都不允许我带手机去学校。
考查代词。Both两者都；Neither两者都不；None三者或以上都不；All三者或以上都。根据“allows”可知此处表示父母两人都不允许，用“Neither”。故选B。
12．C
【详解】句意：Kitty很受学生们的欢迎。他们都投票支持她。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on在……上面；for支持，拥护；of属于。根据“Kitty is popular with the students. ”可知，Kitty很受大家的欢迎，所以此处是指学生们都投票支持Kitty；考查vote for sb.“投票支持某人”，动词短语。故选C。
13．C
【详解】句意：爱丽丝一大早便动身去车站，但由于交通拥堵，她还是错过了火车。
考查词汇辨析。arrived at到达（后接小地点）；reached到达；left for动身去；left离开。根据“Alice ... the station early in the morning, but she still missed the train because of the heavy traffic.”可知由于交通拥堵错过了火车，说明没及时到达车站，此处是很早就动身去车站了。故选C。
14．B
【详解】句意：注意墙上的告示。它展示了图书馆的规则。
考查名词辨析。advice建议；notice告示；news新闻；pictures图片。根据“Pay attention to the ... on the wall. It shows library rules.”可知，墙上的告示展示了图书馆的规则。故选B。
15．A
【详解】句意：——你吃午饭了吗？——还没有。
考查副词辨析。yet还，用于否定句和疑问句，且用在句子末尾；already已经，用于肯定句。根据“Have you had your lunch … ”及“Not ….”可知，第一空为疑问句，第二空为否定句，应均用yet。故选A。
二、完型填空
16．B 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．D 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文讲述了我以小时候父亲帮助打开我的新世界的回忆，来鼓励现在中风的父亲，积极面对生活并坚持锻炼的故事。
16．句意：他中风后无法行走。
hear听到；walk步行；speak说话；see看见。根据“He was unable to…after his stroke”可知，中风后一般无法行走，空处应表达行走。故选B。
17．句意：他坐在轮椅上，低着头，我不知道他在想什么。
talking谈论；arguing争论；reading阅读；thinking思考。根据“As he sat in his wheelchair with his head hanging down, I wondered what he was…about.”可知，父亲低着头坐在轮椅上，此处应表达我想知道父亲在思考什么。故选D。
18．句意：有时他会对自己和我感到很沮丧，因为他看到的都是他的弱点，但我看到的是不同的。
brave勇敢的；strict严厉的；upset沮丧的；honest诚实的。根据“Sometimes he’d get so…with himself and with me because all he saw were his weak points…”可知，父亲总是看到自己的缺点，因此空处应表达沮丧的。故选C。
19．句意：我试图提醒他以前做过的一切，并鼓励他做他还能做的事情。
encouraged鼓励；promised承诺；controlled控制；invited邀请。根据“…all he saw were his weak points, but what I saw was different. I tried to remind him of all he had done before and…him to do what he could still do.”可知，父亲总是看到缺点，而我会看到不一样的地方，因此空处应表达鼓励父亲。故选A。
20．句意：虽然当我推他锻炼腿时，他会生气，但这对我来说没什么——我只希望他能站起来。
happy开心的；sick生病的；amazed惊讶的；angry生气的。根据“Although he’d get…when I pushed him to exercise his legs, it was nothing to me——all I wished was that he could stand up.”可知，此处应表达虽然父亲会生气，但是我只是想父亲能站起来。故选D。
21．句意：所以在另一次尝试中，我悄悄地对他说，“嘿，爸爸，我记得，”他说头。
try尝试；search搜寻；journey旅行；accident事故。根据上文“…all I wished was that he could stand up.”及“So in another…I quietly said to him”可知，another又一次，空处应表达我再次尝试鼓励父亲。故选A。
22．句意：所以在另一次尝试中，我悄悄地对他说，“嘿，爸爸，我记得，”他说头。
leg腿；hand手；head头；arm胳膊。根据“Hey, Dad, I remember, ” he said…”可知，空处应表达头。故选C。
23．句意：你走到马路中间，突然停了下来。
simply简单地；suddenly突然地；heavily重地；recently最近。根据“You got to the middle of the street and stopped…”可知，此处应表达走到路中间是突然停下来了。故选B。
24．句意：看到他脸上喜悦的表情，我继续说道。
joy高兴；peace平和；satisfaction满意；surprise惊讶。根据上文“He smiled. ”及“Ahh, there’s my dad, I thought. Seeing the look of…on his face, I continued. ”可知，空处应表达看到父亲脸上的微笑和开心。故选A。
25．句意：还记得吗，我当时吓得动弹不得。
interested有趣的；excited激动的；shocked震惊的；scared害怕的。根据“You walked with me from one side of the street to the other…your strong arms holding on to me, guiding me. ”及“I was so…that I couldn’t move. You opened up my world, Dad, helping me to be all I could be.”可知，父亲打开了我的世界，在此之前我是害怕的。故选D。
26．句意：你陪我从街道的一边走到另一边，用你强壮的臂膀抓着我，指引着我。
for为了；by通过；between在……之间；with用。根据“You walked with me from one side of the street to the other…your strong arms holding on to me, guiding me. ”可知，父亲是用自己的臂膀抓着我。故选D。
27．句意：用你温暖的声音和微笑，你重复，“没事，我成功了。”
heart心脏；voice声音；blood血液；spirit精神。根据“With your warm…and smile”可知，空处应表达父亲用温暖的声音对我说。故选B。
28．句意：没事，我成功了。
cheered it up振作起来；checked it out检查；worked it out成功；picked it up捡起来。根据下文“You opened up my world, Dad, helping me to be all I could be.”可知，父亲改变了我的世界，此处应表达成功做到的意思。故选C。
29．句意：当我们谈到那天发生的事情时，他把头抬得更高了。
when当……时候；although尽管；unless除非；until直到……时候才……。根据“And…we talked about what happened that day, he held his head up higher. ”可知，空处应表达当我们谈论的时候。故选A。
30．句意：很快他就准备好去锻炼了。
I我；he他；she她；it它。根据“…he held his head up higher.”及“And soon…was ready to exercise.”可知，空处应指代父亲准备好去锻炼。故选B。
三、阅读单选
（A）、31．D 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．D
【分析】短文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Bob去加拿大的温哥华做关于环境的报告，活动结束后他去山里游玩，结果进入森林后迷路，手机也快没电了，而且在不知道所住旅店电话的情况下，惊险获救的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据文中“He went there to give a talk on the environment (环境).”可知，鲍勃去温哥华做关于环境的报告。故选D。
32．词句猜测题。根据后句“I could probably make just one call.”可能仅仅能打一个电话了，可猜测出，前句应是：我有我的手机，但电池几乎废掉了，故下划线单词的意思应是“已废的”。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据文中““He was quite calm when he spoke to me on the phone,” said Shirley, Bob’s wife.”可推理出，鲍勃最后给他的妻子打了电话。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据文中“He knew which plants he could eat and he had little trouble finding them.”可知，鲍勃知道在森林里他能吃什么。故选A。
35．最佳标题。通读全文可知，短文主要讲述了Bob去加拿大的温哥华做关于环境的报告，活动结束后他去山里游玩，结果进入森林后迷路，手机也快没电了，而且不知道所住旅店电话的情况下，惊险获救的故事。故文章的最佳标题应是“森林迷路”。故选D。
（B）、36．C 37．C 38．D 39．C 40．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和母亲的故事，一开始很讨厌妈妈用她那粗糙的手拨开作者的头发，后来开始想念妈妈的手，直到感恩节前夕，妈妈的手再次抚过作者的脸，作者带着对母亲的感激入睡。
36．细节理解题。根据“I don’t remember when it first started making me a little angry—my mom’s hands pushing my hair that way. But it really made me uncomfortable, for they felt rough (粗糙的) against my young skin.”可知，母亲拨开作者的头发时，她感到生气是是因为她妈妈的手太粗糙了。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“She didn’t say anything”可知，作者对母亲大喊后母亲什么也没说。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“Years later, I missed my mother’s hands and her goodnight kiss on my face. I was not a little girl anymore. My mom was in her mid-seventies”可知，当她的母亲七十多岁的时候，她又开始想念妈妈的手。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“It was late on Thanksgiving Eve. As I slept in my bedroom, a familiar hand ran across my face to push the hair from my head. Then a kiss, ever so softly, touched my forehead (额头).”可知，感恩节前夕，作者的妈妈亲吻了她。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“That night, I fell asleep with a new appreciation (感激) for my mother’s caring hands.”可知，感恩节前夕作者对妈妈充满了感激。故选A。
（C）、41．B 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学技术的发展如何通过创造特殊机器人来帮助农民解决粮食生产问题。
41．细节理解题。根据“The population on the earth grows larger each year. As a result, more and more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyone.”可知，农民需要种植越来越多的粮食是因为地球上的人口在增长。故选B。
42．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“When farmers tried to grow more food in the past, some farming methods were used. However, those farming methods weren’t always healthy for the environment. In fact, they were harmful to the environment sometimes.”可知，过去农民尝试种植更多粮食时，使用了一些耕作方法。然而，这些耕作方法并不总是对环境有益。事实上，它们有时对环境有害。可知“they”指的是“farming methods”。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“These special robots move around on farms and collect information about crops. They can take pictures of plants and track each plant’s growth.”可推知特殊机器人可以追踪每株植物的生长。故选A。
44．词句猜测题。根据文章第4段“if the robots find out which plants get sick, farmers can quickly throw them away before they are about to influence other plants beside them.”可知，如果机器人发现哪些植物生病了，农民可以迅速将它们扔掉，以免它们影响旁边的其他植物。“influence”在此处的意思是“对……产生影响”。故选B。
45．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第3段和第4段“These special robots move around on farms and collect information about crops. They can take pictures of plants and track each plant’s growth.”以及“With the help of these robots, farmers can take better care of the plants in need.”可推知本文主要讲述的是特殊机器人如何帮助农民更好地种植植物。故选B。
非选择题
四、词汇应用
46．marks
【详解】句意：几周前，我在沙滩上发现了另一个人的脚印。根据下文的“another man’s feet”使用了复数形式可知，空格处的mark也相应使用复数形式。故填marks。
47．proud
【详解】句意：莉莉得了第一名，我们为她感到骄傲。根据“are…of”以及所给词可知，考查be proud of“为……骄傲”。故填proud。
48．is entering
【详解】句意：别麻烦他。他正在把信息输入电脑。根据“Don’t trouble him. He…the information into the computer.”及提示词可知，句子为现在进行时，结构为am/is/are+doing，句子主语为he，助动词应选择is。故填is entering。
49．impossible
【详解】句意：我们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么多工作。根据“so much work in such a short time”可知，完成如此多工作在如此短时间内是不可能的，用possible的反义词impossible“不可能的”，作表语。故填impossible。
50．latest
【详解】句意：我们已经收集了最新的国内和国际新闻，并将很快撰写报道。late“晚的”，有定冠词the修饰，用最高级，故填latest。
51．nervous
【详解】句意：当我在人们面前说中文时，我感觉很紧张。紧张：nervous，形容词在句中作表语。故填nervous。
52．ancient
【详解】句意：中国是一个有着五千多年历史的国家。这里需要一个形容词来修饰“country”，描述中国在历史方面的特点。“ancient”是形容词，意思是“古老的”，符合句子语境，用来修饰“country”，表示中国是一个历史悠久的古老国家，故填ancient。
53．miss
【详解】句意：如果你错过那趟火车，那你就得打车了。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。“错过”用“miss”，主语是“you”，所以此处用动词原形miss。故填miss。
54．environment
【详解】句意：南京的环境正变得越来越好。environment“环境”，不可数名词。故答案为environment。
55．communicating
【详解】句意：这个人很难和外国人交流，因为他不会说英语。communicate“交流”，动词；have difficulty doing sth.“做某事有困难”，固定词组。故填communicating。
五、完成句子
56．Have a try
【详解】根据汉语提示以及英文句子的结构可知，这里考查“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”的句型，祈使句以动词原形开头。“尝一尝”have a try。故填Have a try。
57．ancient
【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处使用ancient“古代的”；“ancient things”表示“古代物品”。故填ancient。
58．counting down
【详解】根据题干，缺少的信息为“倒数”，count down“倒数”，前面有be动词，此句话应为现在进行时态，动词用现在分词。故填counting；down。
59．environment
【详解】根据中文提示可知，environment“环境”，名词，放于谓语动词need后作宾语。故填environment。
60．enough to
【详解】adj + enough to do sth表示“足够……做某事”，动词不定式作结果状语。故填enough；to。
六、短文语法填空
61．becomes/will become 62．to see 63．either 64．farther/further 65．their 66．difference 67．right 68．don’t 69．animals’ 70．for
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了狗摇尾巴的方向与其情绪之间的关系，并解释了大脑左右半球对不同情绪的控制。
61．句意：当你到家时，你的狗会变得非常兴奋。主句是在陈述事实，可用一般现在时；when引导的时间状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句也可用一般将来时，主语your dog后用动词第三人称单数形式becomes或一般将来时will become。故填becomes/will become。
62．句意：他在告诉你他很高兴见到你。“看到你”是高兴的原因，用动词不定式作原因状语。故填to see。
63．句意：哦，不，你没有！嗯，你也不知道这一点。根据前文“Oh, no, you don’t!”可知，这里表示“也”不知道，否定句中“也”用“either”。故填either。
64．句意：如果你的狗感到害怕，他的尾巴会向左摇得更远。根据前文“If you stand close to him, you’ll see his tail isn’t wagging closer to his right.”可知，这里是与开心时尾巴向右摇对比，害怕时尾巴更向左摇，“far”的比较级是“farther”或“further”，这里作副词修饰“wag”。故填farther/further。
65．句意：“动物不能告诉我们它们的感受，但狗可以摇尾巴，”乔治·瓦洛蒂加拉博士说。“tails”是名词，前面用形容词性物主代词修饰，“they”的形容词性物主代词是“their”。故填their。
66．句意：他是发现“快乐”摇尾巴和“不快乐”摇尾巴之间差异的科学家之一。“the”后接名词，“different”是形容词，其名词形式是 “difference”，这里指两种摇尾巴方式的差异，用单数形式。故填difference。
67．句意：大脑的右侧负责我们对不喜欢的事物的感受。根据前文“Scientists tell us the left side of the brain (大脑) looks after our feelings about things we like.”可知，大脑左侧处理对喜欢事物的感受，那么右侧处理对不喜欢事物的感受，所以这里用“right”。故填right。
68．句意：大脑的右侧负责我们对不喜欢的事物的感受。句子描述的是一般性的情况，用一般现在时，主语“we”是第一人称复数，“like”是实义动词，否定形式借助助动词“don’t”。故填don’t。
69．句意：一些动物的大脑也用左右两侧来完成这些工作。“brains”是名词，前面用名词所有格修饰，“animal”是可数名词，“some”后接可数名词复数，“animal”的复数形式是“animals”，其所有格形式是“animals’ ”。故填animals’。
70．句意：例如，许多鸟用右眼寻找食物，用左眼观察猫。“look for”是固定短语，意思是“寻找”，符合“鸟用右眼找食物”的语境。故填for。
七、材料作文
71．例文：
Hello, everybody! It’s my turn to tell you something about the space. As you know, the universe is very large. There are many galaxies in the universe. For example, the galaxy has billions of stars. The sun is one of them in the solar system. The earth goes round the sun and the moon goes round the earth.
So far, scientists have done a lot of research about space. Especially, our Chinese astronauts have been to the space many times. We have built a great space station. Now, they are working in our own space station. I am very proud of our country. So I will study hard. I will be an astronaut in the future. What about you
Thanks.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“现在完成时”；
③ 提示：文章的要点是通过关键词的形式给出，因此考生应注意围绕中心和关键词来对要点进行拓展，并符合逻辑结构，重点突出。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，可用“轮到我来给你讲一下太空”来引出主题，即关于宇宙的介绍；
第二步，围绕关键词串联起科学家所做的事情，注意此处文章时态可以“现在完成时”为主；
第三步，结尾总结，表明自己想成为宇航员的意原，去探索宇宙。
[亮点词汇]
① billions of上十亿的
② one of其中之一
③ so far到目前为止
④ be proud of为……自豪
[高分句型]
① It’s my turn to tell you something about the space.（it’s ones turn to do sth表示轮到某人做某事）
② The earth goes round the sun and the moon goes round the earth.（并列连词and连接的两个并列句子）
