江苏省南京市临江高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 江苏省南京市临江高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 31.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-03-28 16:32:33 | ||
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江苏省南京市临江高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
There are many podcasts (播客) that teach English and you can listen to them anytime. Here is a list of some of the best podcasts that you must see.
Learn English Podcast
This podcast has three levels. The first is for beginners, the second is for intermediates (中级学生) and the third is for upper intermediates. If a person wants to learn Business English, then episodes are also made for him. Every podcast is short but very informative. Worksheets (活页练习题) and vocabulary tasks are also included.
Speaking Broadly
This podcast is made for advanced learners. Explained through discussion and interviews, each episode has non-native English speakers and every recording also has expert feedback. You will see some common mistakes made by English learners and you can improve your English by learning from those mistakes.
The English We Speak
This podcast airs one episode daily and every episode is only three to four minutes, which talks about phrases and idioms. There are two people in each episode who communicate with each other. Whatever level you are, you will find it rewarding.
Elementary Podcast
This podcast is mainly for beginners and intermediate level learners. The length of a podcast is around 25 minutes but you can pause it anytime and continue whenever you want. The hosts of each episode are different.
1．Which podcast provides exercises going with it
A．Speaking Broadly. B．Elementary Podcast.
C．The English We Speak. D．Learn English Podcast.
2．What do we know about Speaking Broadly
A．It records just expert speakers. B．It targets beginners.
C．It presents some typical mistakes. D．It provides feedback from listeners.
3．What do The English We Speak and Elementary Podcast have in common
A．They are both interactive. B．They cater for beginners.
C．They have the same length. D．They share the same contents.
When I bought a house in Portland four years ago, I immediately began designing my dream garden, intending to remove the weeds and plant some vegetables or long-lasting flowers. I soon discovered, however, that the soil was unproductive, clay-heavy and littered with stones. In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery. Replacing this vastly greater quantity of dirt was neither practical nor financially possible. Instead, I decided to remediate (补救) what I already had.
The challenge before me was to revitalize the soil. Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift: minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns, prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers, integrating crops, trees and livestock, and shielding soil from being washed away with cover crops, often work.
I tried to apply such methods in my garden. Where once there was only grass, I created a pond, a rock garden, a wildflower field and raised beds for vegetables. I let plants grow and decompose by themselves in a natural way. I also introduced different plants and revived its ecological communities.
In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, all manner of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white lattice of a fungal mycelium.
Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard — it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity (个体) in its own right. Although science still lacks an agreed definition of life, textbooks highlight criteria widely considered to differentiate the living and nonliving. Soil meets many of them: It has a highly organized structure. It has a capacity for active self-preservation. It grows. It breathes. And it can die.
4．How did the author use to improve the soil
A．By adding rich soil. B．By covering it with bags.
C．By removing the weeds. D．By applying chemical fertilizer.
5．What does the underlined word “shielding” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Exposing. B．Separating. C．Sheltering. D．Monitoring.
6．What is the purpose of paragraph 4
A．To explain the process of transplanting. B．To illustrate the prevention of insect attacks.
C．To stress the competition of different species. D．To state the formation of multi-species communities.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Soul of Soil B．The Vitality of the Wild
C．The Art of Gardening D．The Whisper of Flowers
Many ancient populations used inscriptions (铭文) to document different parts of their lives. But the objects containing such inscriptions have been damaged over the centuries.
The researchers, led by Alphabet’s AI company DeepMind, developed a new AI-based method which serves as a technological tool to help researchers repair missing inscriptions and estimate the true origins of the records. They call their tool Ithaca. The system is the first deep neural (神经的) network that can restore the missing text of damaged inscriptions. The researchers said it trained Ithaca on the largest collection of data containing Greek inscriptions from the non-profit Packard Humanities Institute in California. Feeding this data into the system is designed to help the tool use past writings to predict missing letters and words in damaged inscriptions.
The researchers reported that in experiments with damaged writings, Ithaca was able to correctly predict missing inscription elements 62% of the time. In addition, the tool was 71% correct in identifying where the inscriptions first came from. And when historians work on their own, the success rate for restoring damaged inscriptions is about 25%. But when humans teamed up with Ithaca to assist in their work, the success rate jumped to 72%.
Thea Sommerschield from Ca’Foscari University of Venice said the system had already provided new information to help researchers reexamine important periods in Greek history. In one case, Ithaca confirmed new evidence presented by historians about the dating of a series of important Greek decrees (法令). The decrees were first thought to have been written before 446/445 BCE. But the new evidence suggested a date in the 420s BCE. Ithaca predicted a date of 421 BCE. The date change may seem small but it has significant implications for our understanding of the political history of Classical Athens.
The team is currently working on other versions of Ithaca trained on other ancient languages. DeepMind has launched a free, interactive tool based on the system for use by researchers, educators, museum workers and the public.
8．What is the function of Ithaca
A．Restoring and identifying damaged inscriptions.
B．Interpreting and protecting historical documents.
C．Exploring and tracing the origins of Greek letters.
D．Collecting and translating past writings into English.
9．What do the numbers in paragraph 3 mainly indicate
A．The inscriptions are of great value to human.
B．Ithaca helps researchers work more effectively.
C．The demand for reading ancient records is increasing.
D．The process of repairing damaged writings is complicated.
10．Why does the author mention the case in paragraph 4
A．To show the limitations of Ithaca. B．To support Sommerschield’s statement.
C．To explain the history of Greek decrees. D．To prove the importance of dates to historians.
11．What is the passage mainly about
A．The achievements of Greek historians.
B．The disappearance of ancient Greek culture.
C．A rising trend of studying ancient languages.
D．An AI system for repairing missing writings.
One of the most dangerous insects you need to watch out for during summer is mosquitoes. But no matter how you try to avoid them, some people naturally attract mosquitoes more than others.
One of the most important facts to remember is that mosquitoes track people down by smell and body odour(气味), according to Bart Knols, PhD, a biologist devoted to the study of mosquitoes. The carbon dioxide people breathe out, along with chemicals from the skin, creates an “odour plume” that mosquitoes can detect from up to almost 100 feet away. “Each person gives off more than 300 chemicals from the skin, more than 100 in breathing out,” Knols says.
The specific mixtures on the skin that mosquitoes respond to vary by species. The yellow fever mosquito and Asian tiger mosquito, for example, respond well to lactic acid from skin. African malaria mosquitoes respond to a mix of fatty acids, according to Knols. Your individual mixtures and smells determine how much of a mosquito attraction you are, depending on the mosquito species. The mix of chemicals you produce are only partly in your control. These chemicals depend on your genetic make-up, health condition, diet, skin pH, and so on. “Bacteria(细菌)on the skin break down the mixtures that we give off through our pores(毛孔), and these are the attractive smells,” Knols says. “So it is not actually we that attract mosquitoes, but the bacteria on our skin.”
Although this is a complex and partly understood phenomenon, Knols says that we do all have a unique smell. There are many folk stories about why some people are more or less attractive to mosquitoes. Some people falsely think the blood type is the cause, and others believe taking vitamin B or eating garlic makes people less attractive to mosquitoes—but Knols notes there’s no scientific data backing these claims.
12．What do we learn from the second paragraph
A．Mosquitoes can detect people with smell. B．Nobody can avoid mosquitoes anyway.
C．A person breathes out over 300 chemicals. D．People naturally attract mosquitoes.
13．Why does the author take several kinds of mosquitoes for example
A．To persuade readers to protect the environment.
B．To warn people against touching mosquitoes.
C．To show different mosquitoes react to mixtures.
D．To make people look out for poisonous mosquitoes.
14．What draws mosquitoes according to Bart Knols
A．Chemicals in the mouth. B．Mixtures people give off.
C．Smells from the pores. D．Bacteria on the skin.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．The Scientific Reason You Are a Mosquito Attraction
B．Folk Stories about How Mosquitoes Attack People
C．Attitudes toward Mosquitoes Different People Have
D．Ways to Make People More and More Attractive
For people who are not self-disciplined, their life is full of pain, and all pain comes from their own inability. 16
So how do you achieve self-discipline
Have control over body. Self-disciplined people will not be so bad; those who can lose weight successfully have high requirements for themselves. Health is the most important foundation of your self-discipline. 17 They work for one hour and charge for eight hours, and the efficiency is extremely low. If you don’t have time to exercise, you can only spend time seeing a doctor after the red light of your physical condition.
Have a good sense of time. The more self-disciplined you are, the more time you’ll have to manage. A precise schedule can save you a lot of unnecessary time costs. 18 The beauty of time front allows you to use more free time to read, exercise, master a skill, and severely surpass the person who is still sleeping in bed.
19 Self-disciplined people will not be willing to stay in the comfort zone, but will keep developing their own new field world with the mentality of giving it a try. Choosing ease and obeying instinct(本能)will bring the game of life to a dead end. And self-discipline may not always let you win. 20 If you decide that suffering is what you deserve, then the light will unavoidably come to you the same way.
A．Have a feeling of freshness.
B．But it will never let you lose.
C．Keep breaking personal ceiling.
D．People who do not work out are like a red light.
E．People who do not exercise are like an aging battery.
F．A self-disciplined person lives a particularly advanced and free life.
G．In addition, self-disciplined people will create time for themselves-get up early.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
Fourth-grader, Sarah Haycox, made it her mission to right a wrong. And in doing so, she has shown the world what one 21 person, with passion, can do.
One day, when 22 by an athletic field near her school, Sarah noticed a small 23 with the name Edwin T. Pratt and the year 1930 - 1969 on it. She 24 who he was and what he did.
After some 25 , she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 26 others. Sadly, he was 27 just because someone disagreed with what he was doing.
Feeling that the small memorial was 28 big enough for a man who had so much 29 on others, Sarah 30 to do something!
There was a new 31 going up nearby for young kids. She found out who were 32 the building project and asked them if it could be named after Mr. Pratt. Through great efforts, her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death, Edwin Pratt’s life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school.
Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was. But Sarah had the 33 to learn more, the vision to imagine something better and the courage to 34 her idea. Her amazing actions have 35 many other young people around the world.
21．A．honest B．young C．clever D．shy
22．A．walking B．running C．riding D．driving
23．A．museum B．church C．board D．memorial
24．A．forgot B．realized C．wondered D．explained
25．A．discussion B．research C．practice D．thought
26．A．teach B．rescue C．help D．repay
27．A．killed B．punished C．blamed D．arrested
28．A．rarely B．simply C．merely D．hardly
29．A．impact B．impression C．reflection D．dependence
30．A．stopped B．decided C．happened D．announced
31．A．library B．theatre C．school D．hospital
32．A．in need of B．in search of C．in favour of D．in charge of
33．A．curiosity B．confidence C．chance D．energy
34．A．prove B．change C．present D．pursue
35．A．astonished B．inspired C．attracted D．protected
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“The Great Wall symbolizes the firm backbone of China, while the Grand Canal is the bloodline 36 flows through the hearts of Chinese people,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum.
37 (get) a better understanding of this “bloodline”, Zhejiang Art Museum is running an exhibition called The Grand Canal as Epic on Earth.
With 38 history of more than 2, 500 years, the Grand Canal consists of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, the Sui and Tang Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal. It 39 (stretch) nearly 3, 200 kilometers and is the world’s longest man-made waterway.
40 (connect) the north and south of China, the Grand Canal extends trade and shapes culture. However, as some sections of the canal have dried up and been disused due to historical evolution and climate change, some people seem to forget its 41 (culture) value.
China Daily reported that urbanization (城市化) has led to garbage and other waste being piled up on the waterway by residents, and others have even built illegal 42 (structure) beside the canal.
43 (fortunate), many measures has been adopted so far toward restoration of the Grand Canal. For example, in Gucheng county of Hengshui city in Hebei, a new policy was carried out—a river chief system. A total of 70 river chiefs at county, town and village levels have been assigned to clean and restore 59 river lines, helping each section of the canal to reach its targets for reducing 44 (pollute) and controlling flooding. The Grand Canal is taking a turn for 45 we are hoping for.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假如你是航空航天社团负责人，最近正在招募新的社团成员，请你围绕航空航天的探索精神，发表一份倡议。内容包括：1. 我们为什么要探索太空；2. 鼓励大家在日常生活中发扬这种探索精神，并发出邀请。
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五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After graduating from college, I worked as a salesman for a piano company. We advertised our pianos in small town newspapers and then, when we received many replies, we would load our little trucks, drive into the area and sell the pianos to those who had replied. Every time we advertised, we would receive a reply on a postcard which said, “Please bring me a new piano for my little granddaughter. It must be red mahogany(红木). I can pay $10 a month with my egg money.” Of course, we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. No finance company would carry a contract with payments that small, so we ignored her postcards.
One day, however, I happened to be in that area calling on other replies, and out of curiosity I decided to meet the old lady. I found pretty much what I expected: The old lady lived in a one-room cabin in the middle of a cotton field. The cabin had a dirt floor and there were chickens in the house. Obviously, she could not have qualified to purchase anything on credit—no car, no phone, no real job, nothing but a roof over her head. I could see daylight through the roof in several places.
Her little granddaughter was about 8, barefoot and wearing a dress made out of cotton bags holding animal feed. I explained to the old lady that we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month and that she should stop writing to us every time she saw our advertisement.
I drove away heartsick, but my advice had no effect—she still sent us the same postcard every time we advertised. Always wanting a new piano, red mahogany, she swore she would never miss a$10 payment. It was sad.
Several years later, I owned my own piano company, and each time I advertised in that area, the old lady’s postcards would come to me.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为 150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day when I was in that area, I made a big decision.
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Twenty years later, while sitting at a bar, I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me.
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参考答案
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个帮助学习英语的播客。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据“Learn English Podcast”下面的“Worksheets (活页练习题) and vocabulary tasks are also included.(还包括活页练习题和词汇任务。)”可知，Learn English Podcast提供了活页练习题和词汇练习。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Speaking Broadly”下面的“You will see some common mistakes made by English learners and you can improve your English by learning from those mistakes.(你会看到英语学习者犯的一些常见错误，你可以通过从这些错误中学习来提高你的英语水平。)”可知，该播客提供了英语学习者会常犯的错误。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“The English We Speak”下面的“Whatever level you are, you will find it rewarding.(无论你是什么水平，你都会发现它是有益的。)”和“Elementary Podcast”下面的“This podcast is mainly for beginners and intermediate level learners.(该播客主要面向初学者和中级学习者。)”可知，二者都适合初学者。故选B。
【答案】4．A 5．C 6．D 7．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文 。文章讲述作者四年前在波特兰买房后打理花园，面对贫瘠土壤，采用现代农业方法改良，最终对土壤有全新认知的过程。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery.(以前，在那些小得多的花园里，我会用从苗圃买来的几袋优质土壤来改良土壤)”可知，作者过去是通过添加优质土壤来改善土壤的，也就是添加肥沃的土壤。故选A项。
5．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift: minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns, prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers, integrating crops, trees and livestock(现代农业的两个核心原则可以指导这一转变：尽量减少土壤扰动和强调生物多样性。在实践中，轮流种植作物；优先使用有机肥料而非化肥；将农作物、树木以及家畜进行整合)”和划线词后面“…soil from being washed away with cover crops (用覆盖作物来……土壤被冲走)”可知，这里说的是一些现代农业的原则及实践方法，提到用覆盖作物来防止土壤被冲走，划线词在此处应是“保护、防护”的意思，与“Sheltering”意思相近。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, all manner of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white lattice of a fungal mycelium.(五月的时候，我决定移栽一株开花植物。当我把这株植物挖出来时，各种各样的生物都冒了出来。蚯蚓在根部扭动着，一只长脚蜘蛛匆匆寻找藏身之处。在这株植物的下方，我甚至还看到了真菌菌丝体那细密的白色网状结构)”可知，本段描述了作者在移栽开花植物时，看到了蚯蚓、长脚蜘蛛以及真菌菌丝体等各种各样的生物出现，展现了多种生物共存的情况，目的是说明形成了多物种的群落。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The challenge before me was to revitalize the soil. (摆在我面前的挑战是重振土壤)”和最后一段“Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard — it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity (个体) in its own right.(我用手指穿过土壤，比以往任何时候都更清楚地意识到，我改变的不仅仅是我的院子——它完全改变了我对土壤的看法。它不仅仅是作为生命的媒介，而且本身就是一个有生命的实体)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者打理花园改造土壤的过程，通过实践对土壤有了新的认识，认为土壤不仅仅是生命的介质，它本身就是一个有生命的个体，强调了土壤的重要性及独特“生命力”，因此，A选项“土壤的灵魂”作为标题最为合适，能够概括文章的主旨。故选A项。
【答案】8．A 9．B 10．B 11．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种AI系统，它可以帮助科学家修复和识别受损铭文的文字，了解历史发展。
【解析】8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers, led by Alphabet’s AI company DeepMind, developed a new AI-based method which serves as a technological tool to help researchers repair missing inscriptions and estimate the true origins of the records. They call their tool Ithaca. The system is the first deep neural(神经的) network that can restore the missing text of damaged inscriptions. (由Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind领导的研究人员开发了一种新的基于人工智能的方法，作为一种技术工具，帮助研究人员修复缺失的铭文，并判断这些记录的真实来源。他们称他们的工具为Ithaca。该系统是第一个可以恢复受损铭文缺失文本的深度神经网络。)”可知，Ithaca是第一个可以复原受损铭文的缺失文本、识别铭文真实来源的深度神经网络，由此可知，Ithaca的主要作用是修复和识别损坏的铭文。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers reported that in experiments with damaged writings, Ithaca was able to correctly predict missing inscription elements 62% of the time. In addition, the tool was 71% correct in identifying where the inscriptions first came from. And when historians work on their own, the success rate for restoring damaged inscriptions is about 25%. But when humans teamed up with Ithaca to assist in their work, the success rate jumped to 72%.(研究人员报告说，在对损坏的文字进行的实验中，Ithaca能够在62%的时间里正确预测缺失的铭文元素。此外，该工具在识别铭文最初来自何处方面的正确率为71%。当历史学家独自工作时，修复受损铭文的成功率约为25%。但当人类用Ithaca协助他们工作时，成功率跃升至72%。)”可知，历史学家使用了Ithaca协助工作后，复原受损铭文文本的准确率从25%提高到了72%，由此可知，第三段中数字表明Ithaca能帮助研究人员更有效地工作。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段“Thea Sommerschield from Ca’Foscari University of Venice said the system had already provided new information to help researchers reexamine important periods in Greek history. In one case, Ithaca confirmed new evidence presented by historians about the dating of a series of important Greek decrees (法令). The decrees were first thought to have been written before 446/445 BCE. But the new evidence suggested a date in the 420s BCE. Ithaca predicted a date of 421 BCE. The date change may seem small but it has significant implications for our understanding of the political history of Classical Athens.(威尼斯Ca’Foscari大学的Thea Sommerschield说，该系统已经提供了新的信息，帮助研究人员重新审视希腊历史上的重要时期。在一个案例中，Ithaca证实了历史学家提出的关于一系列重要希腊法令年代的新证据。这些法令最初被认为是在公元前446/445年之前写成的。但新的证据表明时间在公元前420年。Ithaca预言的日期是公元前421年。日期的变化可能看起来很小，但它对我们理解古典雅典的政治史具有重要意义。)”可知，该段第一句提到，学者Sommerschield说该系统已经提供了新的信息，帮助研究人员重新审视希腊历史上的重要时期，接着就给出了具体的示例来佐证，因此，此段中的案例是为了支持Sommerschield陈述的观点。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Many ancient populations used inscriptions (铭文) to document different parts of their lives. But the objects containing such inscriptions have been damaged over the centuries.(许多古代居民使用铭文记录他们生活的不同部分。但是，包含这些铭文的物品在几个世纪以来遭到了破坏。)”和第二段“The researchers, led by Alphabet’s AI company DeepMind, developed a new AI-based method which serves as a technological tool to help researchers repair missing inscriptions and estimate the true origins of the records. They call their tool Ithaca. (由Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind领导的研究人员开发了一种新的基于人工智能的方法，作为一种技术工具，帮助研究人员修复缺失的铭文，并估计记录的真实来源。他们称他们的工具为Ithaca。)”以及下文对Ithaca的具体介绍，可知本文是介绍一种可以帮助科学家修复和识别受损铭文文字的AI系统——Ithaca，D选项“An AI system for repairing missing writings.(一种修复缺失文字的人工智能系统。)”能够概括文章主旨。故选D。
【答案】12．A 13．C 14．D 15．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚊子追踪人们的嗅觉和体味，人的皮肤会产生很多不同的物质，而不同的蚊子对皮肤的不同物质反应不同。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第二段的One of the most important facts to remember is that mosquitoes track people down by smell and body odour(气味), according to Bart Knols, PhD, a biologist devoted to the study of mosquitoes. 据专门研究蚊子的生物学家Bart Knols博士说，要记住的最重要的事实之一是蚊子通过气味和体味来追踪人。可知，蚊子可以通过气味探测人。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段的The specific mixtures on the skin that mosquitoes respond to vary by species. 蚊子对皮肤上的特定混合物有反应，这种混合物因物种而异。可知，下文列举黄热病蚊子和亚洲虎蚊及非洲疟疾蚊子是为了表明不同的蚊子对不同的混合物反应不同。故选 C。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段的 Knols says. “So it is not actually we that attract mosquitoes, but the bacteria on our skin.”Knols说。“所以实际上吸引蚊子的不是我们自己，而是我们皮肤上的细菌。”可知，吸引蚊子的是皮肤上的细菌。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。文章介绍了蚊子追踪人们的嗅觉和体味，人的皮肤会产生很多不同的物质，而不同的蚊子对皮肤的不同物质反应不同。我们之所以吸引蚊子是因为我们皮肤上的细菌。因此，选项A“你吸引蚊子的科学原因”是本文的最佳标题。故选A。
【答案】16．F 17．E 18．G 19．C 20．B
【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍自律的方法。
【解析】16．根据上文“For people who are not self-disciplined, their life is full of pain, and all pain comes from their own inability. (对于不自律的人来说，他们的生活充满了痛苦，所有的痛苦都来自于自己的无能。)”和下文“So how do you achieve self-discipline (那么你如何做到自律呢？)”可知，文章接下来要阐述自律的方法，所以要有过渡句，引入自律的话题。选项F“一个自律的人过着特别高级和自由的生活。”和上下文意思一致。故选F。
17．根据下文“They work for one hour and charge for eight hours, and the efficiency is extremely low. If you don’t have time to exercise, you can only spend time seeing a doctor after the red light of your physical condition. (他们工作一小时，充电八小时，效率极低。如果你没有时间锻炼，你只能在身体状况出现红灯后花时间去看医生。)”可知，这里提到不锻炼的情况。选项E“不锻炼的人就像老化的电池。”和下文意思一致。故选E。
18．根据上文“Have a good sense of time. The more self-disciplined you are, the more time you’ll have to manage. A precise schedule can save you a lot of unnecessary time costs. (有很好的时间感。你越自律，你需要管理的时间就越多。精确的时间表可以为您节省大量不必要的时间成本。)”可知，这一段主要阐述时间管理。选项G“此外，自律的人会为自己创造早起的时间。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
19．根据下文“Self-disciplined people will not be willing to stay in the comfort zone, but will keep developing their own new field world with the mentality of giving it a try. (自律的人不会愿意待在舒适区，而是抱着试一试的心态，不断开发自己的新领域。)”可知，这一段介绍自律就需要不断挑战自己。选项C“不断打破个人最高限度。”和下文意思一致。故选C。
20．根据上文“And self-discipline may not always let you win. (自律未必总能让你获胜。)”和下文“If you decide that suffering is what you deserve, then the light will unavoidably come to you the same way. (如果你决定苦难是你应得的，那么光明将不可避免地以同样的方式来到你身边。)”可知，这里讲述虽然自律不会让你一直赢，但最终还是会你赢。选项B“但它决不会让你输。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．D 35．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Sarah通过自己的努力，让一个已被人忘记的人权运动领袖，重新被人纪念的故事。
【解析】21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情。A. honest 诚实的；B. young 年轻的；C. clever 聪明的；D. shy 含羞的。上文提到“四年级的Sarah Haycox”，由此可知应是年轻人。故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当她走过学校附近的运动场时。A. walking 走；B. running跑；C. riding 骑行；D. driving 开车。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was” 可知，此处她是 “走过” 运动场。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sarah注意到一个小纪念碑，上面写着Edwin T. Pratt的名字和1930 - 1969年的年份。A. museum 博物馆； B. church 教堂；C. board 董事会，木板；D. memorial 纪念碑。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was”可知，此处应是她注意到的一个“小纪念碑”。故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想知道他是谁，他做了什么。A. forgot 忘记；B. realized 意识到；C. wondered 想知道；D. explained 解释。根据第三段第一句话，她做了一些研究，最后知道了纪念碑主人的身份。故可推知，此处表示她 “想知道” 。故选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一番调查，她得知他是一位民权领袖，做过很多帮助他人的好事。A. discussion 讨论B. research 研究，调查；C. practice 实践；D. thought 思考，认为。依据后面她得知的结果，说明是在“研究，调查”后得知的。故选B项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过一番调查，她得知他是一位民权领袖，做过很多帮助他人的好事。A. teach教学；B. rescue 营救，解救；C. help 帮助；D. repay 回报。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖。人们给他树立了纪念碑，由此我们可知，他一定帮助过很多人。故选C项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，他被杀只是因为有人不同意他的做法。A. killed 杀死；B. punished 惩罚；C. blamed 谴责，惩罚；D. arrested 逮捕。划线后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被杀害。人们对此为他立碑。故选A项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这个小小的纪念碑，对于一个对别人有如此大影响的人来说，几乎不够大。A. rarely 罕见地；B. simply 简单地，仅仅；C. merely 紧紧，只不过；D. hardly 几乎不，简直不。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖，同时他为人民做了很多的事情。因此可知，一个小小的纪念碑是不够的。另外根据后文可知，Sarah觉得纪念碑几乎不够大，所以她找了一个学校来以他命名。故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这个小小的纪念碑，对于一个对别人有如此大影响的人来说，几乎不够大。A. impact 影响；B. impression 印象；C. reflection 反射，沉思；D. dependence 依赖，依靠。前文提到了作为一位民权领袖，他帮助了很多人。同时Sarah觉得一个小小的纪念碑是不够的，是因为他“影响” 了很多人。故选A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sarah决定做点什么! A. stopped 停止；B. decided 决定；C. happened 发生；D. announced 宣布。由下文可知Sarah为了纪念这位民权领袖，她找了一所愿意以Edwin T. Pratt命名的学校。因此可推出，此处表示Sarah决定做点什么。故选B项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：附近新建了一所儿童学校。A. library 图书馆；B. theatre 戏院；C. school 学校；D. hospital 医院。根据倒数第二段最后一句提到的 “新学校” 可知，此处新建的是一所儿童学校。故选C项。
32．考查介词短语辨析。句意：她找到了负责这个建筑项目的人，问他们是否能以Mr. Pratt的名字命名。A. in need of 需要；B. in search of 寻找；C. in favor of支持，赞成；D. in charge of 负责，主管。根据下文提到的Through great efforts, her vision came to reality可知，她的想法最终梦想成真。因此可知，她找到了 “负责” 这项建筑的人。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Sarah有求知欲，有想象更好事物的远见，有勇气追求自己的想法。A. curiosity 好奇心；B. confidence 自信心；C. chance 机会；D. energy 精力，能量。根据上文第4题提到的 “她想知道他是谁，他干了什么事” 可知，Sarah拥有好奇心。故此处的curiosity 和第4题的wonder构成相互呼应。故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有想象更好事物的远见，有勇气追求自己的想法。A. prove 证明；B. change改变；C. present 展现，提出，赠送；D. pursue 追求。根据上文提及的当Sarah觉得纪念碑太小，不足以纪念这位民权领袖时，她就找到新建学校的负责人，成功了说服他以Edwin T. Pratt来命名。由此可见Sarah有追求自己想法的勇气。故选D项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她惊人的行为激励了世界各地的许多年轻人。A. astonished 吃惊；B. inspired 激发，鼓舞；C. attracted 吸引；D. protected 保护。此处和文章第一段构成首尾呼应。根据第一段提及 “她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情” 可知，她的行为 “激励” 了世界各地其他年轻人。故选B项。
【答案】
36．that/which 37．To get 38．a 39．stretches 40．Connecting 41．cultural 42．structures 43．Fortunately 44．pollution 45．what
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了京杭大运河的历史意义以及为保护京杭大运河所做的努力。
【解析】36．考查定语从句关系词。句意：故宫博物院前馆长单霁翔表示：“长城象征着中国坚定的脊梁，而大运河则是贯穿中国人内心的血脉。”该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the bloodline，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
37．考查不定式。句意：为了更好地了解这一“血统”，浙江美术馆正在举办一个名为《作为地球史诗的大运河》的展览。本句已有谓语is running且无连词，动词get用非谓语形式，get用不定式形式作目的状语，首字母大写。故填To get。
38．考查冠词。句意：大运河有2500多年的历史，由京杭大运河、隋唐大运河和浙东运河组成。泛指一段历史，history以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
39．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它绵延近3200公里，是世界上最长的人造水道。结合并列系动词is可知，讲述一般性事实，并列谓语动词stretch用一般现在时，主语It，谓语单数形式。故填stretches。
40．考查现在分词。句意：大运河连接着中国的南北，延伸了贸易，塑造了文化。本句已有谓语extends和shapes，该动词与谓语无连词连接，动词connect用非谓语形式，逻辑主语the Grand Canal与动词connect是主谓关系，connect用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Connecting。
41．考查形容词。句意：然而，由于历史演变和气候变化，运河的一些部分已经干涸和废弃，一些人似乎忘记了它的文化价值。形容词cultural作定语，修饰名词value。故填cultural。
42．考查名词复数。句意：《中国日报》报道称，城市化导致居民将垃圾和其他废弃物堆积在水道上，其他人甚至在运河边修建了非法建筑。structure是可数名词，用复数名词表泛指，作宾语。故填structures。
43．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，到目前为止，在修复大运河方面采取了许多措施。副词fortunately作状语，修饰后面的句子，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。
44．考查名词。句意：县、镇和村共有70名河长被指派清理和恢复59条河流，帮助运河的每一段达到减少污染和控制洪水的目标。不可数名词pollution作宾语。故填pollution。
45．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：大运河正朝着我们所希望的方向发展。该空引导宾语从句，从句中缺乏宾语，意为“……的样子”，用连接代词what。故填what。
46．【答案】Dear fellow students,
Throughout history, humans never stop questioning “What lies beyond ” Our urge to explore space reflects an unyielding spirit to push boundaries. As the head of the Aerospace Club, I invite you to join our journey of cosmic exploration.
Firstly, exploring space drives human progress. It not only helps discover new resources, but also inspires innovations like lightweight materials used in daily life. More importantly, it teaches us to challenge limits collectively.
Secondly, the exploration spirit applies to daily life. Ask “why” in physics class like questioning Mars’ atmosphere; persist through math problems as engineers overcome rocket failures. Every small exploration shapes your potential.
Join us to attend lectures, build model rockets, and discuss space news. Let’s turn curiosity into action!
Li Hua,
Head of the Aerospace Club
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生围绕航空航天的探索精神写一份倡议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
负责人：head→leader
欲望：urge→desire
推动：drive→promote
克服：overcome→get over
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：It not only helps discover new resources, but also inspires innovations like lightweight materials used in daily life.
拓展句：Not only does it help discover new resources, but it also inspires innovations like lightweight materials used in daily life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our urge to explore space reflects an unyielding spirit to push boundaries.(使用了不定式作后置定语)
【高分句型2】Ask “why” in physics class like questioning Mars’ atmosphere; persist through math problems as engineers overcome rocket failures. (使用了祈使句、动名词作宾语、as引导方式状语从句)
47．【答案】One day when I was in the area, I made a big decision. Despite knowing that it was a terrible business decision, I loaded a red mahogany piano onto my little truck. I delivered the piano to the old lady. I placed the new piano in the house, advised her and the little girl to keep the chickens off it and left. I was sure that I had just thrown away a new piano. To my surprise, the payments came in on time with a thank-you note every month.
Twenty years later while sitting at a bar. I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me. Looking around, I saw a lovely young woman playing a very nice grand piano. Stunned by her great performance, I moved to a table beside her. She stopped and smiled at me politely, “Aren’t you the man who sold my grandma a piano a long time ago ” It didn’t ring a bell, so she started to explain. And I suddenly remembered., My Lord, it was her, the little barefoot girl in the feed sack dress! I was so glad that my kindness did make a real difference.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者大学毕业后在一家钢琴公司当销售员，每当公司做广告的时候，公司总会收到一位老太太的明信片，上面写着“请给我的小孙女送一架新钢琴。一定是红木的。我可以用卖蛋的钱每个月付10美元”。出于好奇，作者找到了这位老太太，知道了老太太比较贫穷，作者向老太太解释道，不能以每月10美元的价格卖出一架新钢琴，所以她应该停止给公司写信。几年后，作者拥有自己的钢琴公司，每当作者在那个地方做广告时，作者就会收到老太太寄的那张明信片。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“有一天，我在那附近，做了一个重大决定。”可知，第一段可描写作者决定要送给老太太送一架钢琴，但是作者每月都能收到老太太支付的十美元。
②由第二段首句内容“20年后，我坐在酒吧里，听到身后最美妙的钢琴声。”可知，第二段可描写作者听到了最美妙的钢琴声，这正是老太太的孙女所弹奏的。
2.续写线索：做决定——送钢琴——每月收到10美元——听到最美妙的钢琴——一位年轻的女士在弹奏——发现这位女士是老太太的孙女——作者很高兴自己当时做了那个决定
3.词汇激活
行为类
①放下：placed /put
②建议：advised /suggested
③离开：left /went away
情绪类
①使我惊讶：To my surprise /To my astonishment
②高兴的：glad / pleased / delighted / happy
【点睛】[高分句型1]Despite knowing that it was a terrible business decision, loaded a red mahogany piano onto my little truck.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] Looking around, I saw a lovely young woman playing a very nice grand piano.（运用了非谓语动词作状语，表示伴随状语）
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
There are many podcasts (播客) that teach English and you can listen to them anytime. Here is a list of some of the best podcasts that you must see.
Learn English Podcast
This podcast has three levels. The first is for beginners, the second is for intermediates (中级学生) and the third is for upper intermediates. If a person wants to learn Business English, then episodes are also made for him. Every podcast is short but very informative. Worksheets (活页练习题) and vocabulary tasks are also included.
Speaking Broadly
This podcast is made for advanced learners. Explained through discussion and interviews, each episode has non-native English speakers and every recording also has expert feedback. You will see some common mistakes made by English learners and you can improve your English by learning from those mistakes.
The English We Speak
This podcast airs one episode daily and every episode is only three to four minutes, which talks about phrases and idioms. There are two people in each episode who communicate with each other. Whatever level you are, you will find it rewarding.
Elementary Podcast
This podcast is mainly for beginners and intermediate level learners. The length of a podcast is around 25 minutes but you can pause it anytime and continue whenever you want. The hosts of each episode are different.
1．Which podcast provides exercises going with it
A．Speaking Broadly. B．Elementary Podcast.
C．The English We Speak. D．Learn English Podcast.
2．What do we know about Speaking Broadly
A．It records just expert speakers. B．It targets beginners.
C．It presents some typical mistakes. D．It provides feedback from listeners.
3．What do The English We Speak and Elementary Podcast have in common
A．They are both interactive. B．They cater for beginners.
C．They have the same length. D．They share the same contents.
When I bought a house in Portland four years ago, I immediately began designing my dream garden, intending to remove the weeds and plant some vegetables or long-lasting flowers. I soon discovered, however, that the soil was unproductive, clay-heavy and littered with stones. In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery. Replacing this vastly greater quantity of dirt was neither practical nor financially possible. Instead, I decided to remediate (补救) what I already had.
The challenge before me was to revitalize the soil. Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift: minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns, prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers, integrating crops, trees and livestock, and shielding soil from being washed away with cover crops, often work.
I tried to apply such methods in my garden. Where once there was only grass, I created a pond, a rock garden, a wildflower field and raised beds for vegetables. I let plants grow and decompose by themselves in a natural way. I also introduced different plants and revived its ecological communities.
In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, all manner of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white lattice of a fungal mycelium.
Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard — it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity (个体) in its own right. Although science still lacks an agreed definition of life, textbooks highlight criteria widely considered to differentiate the living and nonliving. Soil meets many of them: It has a highly organized structure. It has a capacity for active self-preservation. It grows. It breathes. And it can die.
4．How did the author use to improve the soil
A．By adding rich soil. B．By covering it with bags.
C．By removing the weeds. D．By applying chemical fertilizer.
5．What does the underlined word “shielding” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Exposing. B．Separating. C．Sheltering. D．Monitoring.
6．What is the purpose of paragraph 4
A．To explain the process of transplanting. B．To illustrate the prevention of insect attacks.
C．To stress the competition of different species. D．To state the formation of multi-species communities.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Soul of Soil B．The Vitality of the Wild
C．The Art of Gardening D．The Whisper of Flowers
Many ancient populations used inscriptions (铭文) to document different parts of their lives. But the objects containing such inscriptions have been damaged over the centuries.
The researchers, led by Alphabet’s AI company DeepMind, developed a new AI-based method which serves as a technological tool to help researchers repair missing inscriptions and estimate the true origins of the records. They call their tool Ithaca. The system is the first deep neural (神经的) network that can restore the missing text of damaged inscriptions. The researchers said it trained Ithaca on the largest collection of data containing Greek inscriptions from the non-profit Packard Humanities Institute in California. Feeding this data into the system is designed to help the tool use past writings to predict missing letters and words in damaged inscriptions.
The researchers reported that in experiments with damaged writings, Ithaca was able to correctly predict missing inscription elements 62% of the time. In addition, the tool was 71% correct in identifying where the inscriptions first came from. And when historians work on their own, the success rate for restoring damaged inscriptions is about 25%. But when humans teamed up with Ithaca to assist in their work, the success rate jumped to 72%.
Thea Sommerschield from Ca’Foscari University of Venice said the system had already provided new information to help researchers reexamine important periods in Greek history. In one case, Ithaca confirmed new evidence presented by historians about the dating of a series of important Greek decrees (法令). The decrees were first thought to have been written before 446/445 BCE. But the new evidence suggested a date in the 420s BCE. Ithaca predicted a date of 421 BCE. The date change may seem small but it has significant implications for our understanding of the political history of Classical Athens.
The team is currently working on other versions of Ithaca trained on other ancient languages. DeepMind has launched a free, interactive tool based on the system for use by researchers, educators, museum workers and the public.
8．What is the function of Ithaca
A．Restoring and identifying damaged inscriptions.
B．Interpreting and protecting historical documents.
C．Exploring and tracing the origins of Greek letters.
D．Collecting and translating past writings into English.
9．What do the numbers in paragraph 3 mainly indicate
A．The inscriptions are of great value to human.
B．Ithaca helps researchers work more effectively.
C．The demand for reading ancient records is increasing.
D．The process of repairing damaged writings is complicated.
10．Why does the author mention the case in paragraph 4
A．To show the limitations of Ithaca. B．To support Sommerschield’s statement.
C．To explain the history of Greek decrees. D．To prove the importance of dates to historians.
11．What is the passage mainly about
A．The achievements of Greek historians.
B．The disappearance of ancient Greek culture.
C．A rising trend of studying ancient languages.
D．An AI system for repairing missing writings.
One of the most dangerous insects you need to watch out for during summer is mosquitoes. But no matter how you try to avoid them, some people naturally attract mosquitoes more than others.
One of the most important facts to remember is that mosquitoes track people down by smell and body odour(气味), according to Bart Knols, PhD, a biologist devoted to the study of mosquitoes. The carbon dioxide people breathe out, along with chemicals from the skin, creates an “odour plume” that mosquitoes can detect from up to almost 100 feet away. “Each person gives off more than 300 chemicals from the skin, more than 100 in breathing out,” Knols says.
The specific mixtures on the skin that mosquitoes respond to vary by species. The yellow fever mosquito and Asian tiger mosquito, for example, respond well to lactic acid from skin. African malaria mosquitoes respond to a mix of fatty acids, according to Knols. Your individual mixtures and smells determine how much of a mosquito attraction you are, depending on the mosquito species. The mix of chemicals you produce are only partly in your control. These chemicals depend on your genetic make-up, health condition, diet, skin pH, and so on. “Bacteria(细菌)on the skin break down the mixtures that we give off through our pores(毛孔), and these are the attractive smells,” Knols says. “So it is not actually we that attract mosquitoes, but the bacteria on our skin.”
Although this is a complex and partly understood phenomenon, Knols says that we do all have a unique smell. There are many folk stories about why some people are more or less attractive to mosquitoes. Some people falsely think the blood type is the cause, and others believe taking vitamin B or eating garlic makes people less attractive to mosquitoes—but Knols notes there’s no scientific data backing these claims.
12．What do we learn from the second paragraph
A．Mosquitoes can detect people with smell. B．Nobody can avoid mosquitoes anyway.
C．A person breathes out over 300 chemicals. D．People naturally attract mosquitoes.
13．Why does the author take several kinds of mosquitoes for example
A．To persuade readers to protect the environment.
B．To warn people against touching mosquitoes.
C．To show different mosquitoes react to mixtures.
D．To make people look out for poisonous mosquitoes.
14．What draws mosquitoes according to Bart Knols
A．Chemicals in the mouth. B．Mixtures people give off.
C．Smells from the pores. D．Bacteria on the skin.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．The Scientific Reason You Are a Mosquito Attraction
B．Folk Stories about How Mosquitoes Attack People
C．Attitudes toward Mosquitoes Different People Have
D．Ways to Make People More and More Attractive
For people who are not self-disciplined, their life is full of pain, and all pain comes from their own inability. 16
So how do you achieve self-discipline
Have control over body. Self-disciplined people will not be so bad; those who can lose weight successfully have high requirements for themselves. Health is the most important foundation of your self-discipline. 17 They work for one hour and charge for eight hours, and the efficiency is extremely low. If you don’t have time to exercise, you can only spend time seeing a doctor after the red light of your physical condition.
Have a good sense of time. The more self-disciplined you are, the more time you’ll have to manage. A precise schedule can save you a lot of unnecessary time costs. 18 The beauty of time front allows you to use more free time to read, exercise, master a skill, and severely surpass the person who is still sleeping in bed.
19 Self-disciplined people will not be willing to stay in the comfort zone, but will keep developing their own new field world with the mentality of giving it a try. Choosing ease and obeying instinct(本能)will bring the game of life to a dead end. And self-discipline may not always let you win. 20 If you decide that suffering is what you deserve, then the light will unavoidably come to you the same way.
A．Have a feeling of freshness.
B．But it will never let you lose.
C．Keep breaking personal ceiling.
D．People who do not work out are like a red light.
E．People who do not exercise are like an aging battery.
F．A self-disciplined person lives a particularly advanced and free life.
G．In addition, self-disciplined people will create time for themselves-get up early.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
Fourth-grader, Sarah Haycox, made it her mission to right a wrong. And in doing so, she has shown the world what one 21 person, with passion, can do.
One day, when 22 by an athletic field near her school, Sarah noticed a small 23 with the name Edwin T. Pratt and the year 1930 - 1969 on it. She 24 who he was and what he did.
After some 25 , she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 26 others. Sadly, he was 27 just because someone disagreed with what he was doing.
Feeling that the small memorial was 28 big enough for a man who had so much 29 on others, Sarah 30 to do something!
There was a new 31 going up nearby for young kids. She found out who were 32 the building project and asked them if it could be named after Mr. Pratt. Through great efforts, her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death, Edwin Pratt’s life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school.
Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was. But Sarah had the 33 to learn more, the vision to imagine something better and the courage to 34 her idea. Her amazing actions have 35 many other young people around the world.
21．A．honest B．young C．clever D．shy
22．A．walking B．running C．riding D．driving
23．A．museum B．church C．board D．memorial
24．A．forgot B．realized C．wondered D．explained
25．A．discussion B．research C．practice D．thought
26．A．teach B．rescue C．help D．repay
27．A．killed B．punished C．blamed D．arrested
28．A．rarely B．simply C．merely D．hardly
29．A．impact B．impression C．reflection D．dependence
30．A．stopped B．decided C．happened D．announced
31．A．library B．theatre C．school D．hospital
32．A．in need of B．in search of C．in favour of D．in charge of
33．A．curiosity B．confidence C．chance D．energy
34．A．prove B．change C．present D．pursue
35．A．astonished B．inspired C．attracted D．protected
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“The Great Wall symbolizes the firm backbone of China, while the Grand Canal is the bloodline 36 flows through the hearts of Chinese people,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum.
37 (get) a better understanding of this “bloodline”, Zhejiang Art Museum is running an exhibition called The Grand Canal as Epic on Earth.
With 38 history of more than 2, 500 years, the Grand Canal consists of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, the Sui and Tang Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal. It 39 (stretch) nearly 3, 200 kilometers and is the world’s longest man-made waterway.
40 (connect) the north and south of China, the Grand Canal extends trade and shapes culture. However, as some sections of the canal have dried up and been disused due to historical evolution and climate change, some people seem to forget its 41 (culture) value.
China Daily reported that urbanization (城市化) has led to garbage and other waste being piled up on the waterway by residents, and others have even built illegal 42 (structure) beside the canal.
43 (fortunate), many measures has been adopted so far toward restoration of the Grand Canal. For example, in Gucheng county of Hengshui city in Hebei, a new policy was carried out—a river chief system. A total of 70 river chiefs at county, town and village levels have been assigned to clean and restore 59 river lines, helping each section of the canal to reach its targets for reducing 44 (pollute) and controlling flooding. The Grand Canal is taking a turn for 45 we are hoping for.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假如你是航空航天社团负责人，最近正在招募新的社团成员，请你围绕航空航天的探索精神，发表一份倡议。内容包括：1. 我们为什么要探索太空；2. 鼓励大家在日常生活中发扬这种探索精神，并发出邀请。
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五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After graduating from college, I worked as a salesman for a piano company. We advertised our pianos in small town newspapers and then, when we received many replies, we would load our little trucks, drive into the area and sell the pianos to those who had replied. Every time we advertised, we would receive a reply on a postcard which said, “Please bring me a new piano for my little granddaughter. It must be red mahogany(红木). I can pay $10 a month with my egg money.” Of course, we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. No finance company would carry a contract with payments that small, so we ignored her postcards.
One day, however, I happened to be in that area calling on other replies, and out of curiosity I decided to meet the old lady. I found pretty much what I expected: The old lady lived in a one-room cabin in the middle of a cotton field. The cabin had a dirt floor and there were chickens in the house. Obviously, she could not have qualified to purchase anything on credit—no car, no phone, no real job, nothing but a roof over her head. I could see daylight through the roof in several places.
Her little granddaughter was about 8, barefoot and wearing a dress made out of cotton bags holding animal feed. I explained to the old lady that we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month and that she should stop writing to us every time she saw our advertisement.
I drove away heartsick, but my advice had no effect—she still sent us the same postcard every time we advertised. Always wanting a new piano, red mahogany, she swore she would never miss a$10 payment. It was sad.
Several years later, I owned my own piano company, and each time I advertised in that area, the old lady’s postcards would come to me.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为 150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day when I was in that area, I made a big decision.
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Twenty years later, while sitting at a bar, I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me.
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参考答案
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个帮助学习英语的播客。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据“Learn English Podcast”下面的“Worksheets (活页练习题) and vocabulary tasks are also included.(还包括活页练习题和词汇任务。)”可知，Learn English Podcast提供了活页练习题和词汇练习。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Speaking Broadly”下面的“You will see some common mistakes made by English learners and you can improve your English by learning from those mistakes.(你会看到英语学习者犯的一些常见错误，你可以通过从这些错误中学习来提高你的英语水平。)”可知，该播客提供了英语学习者会常犯的错误。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“The English We Speak”下面的“Whatever level you are, you will find it rewarding.(无论你是什么水平，你都会发现它是有益的。)”和“Elementary Podcast”下面的“This podcast is mainly for beginners and intermediate level learners.(该播客主要面向初学者和中级学习者。)”可知，二者都适合初学者。故选B。
【答案】4．A 5．C 6．D 7．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文 。文章讲述作者四年前在波特兰买房后打理花园，面对贫瘠土壤，采用现代农业方法改良，最终对土壤有全新认知的过程。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery.(以前，在那些小得多的花园里，我会用从苗圃买来的几袋优质土壤来改良土壤)”可知，作者过去是通过添加优质土壤来改善土壤的，也就是添加肥沃的土壤。故选A项。
5．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift: minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns, prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers, integrating crops, trees and livestock(现代农业的两个核心原则可以指导这一转变：尽量减少土壤扰动和强调生物多样性。在实践中，轮流种植作物；优先使用有机肥料而非化肥；将农作物、树木以及家畜进行整合)”和划线词后面“…soil from being washed away with cover crops (用覆盖作物来……土壤被冲走)”可知，这里说的是一些现代农业的原则及实践方法，提到用覆盖作物来防止土壤被冲走，划线词在此处应是“保护、防护”的意思，与“Sheltering”意思相近。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, all manner of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white lattice of a fungal mycelium.(五月的时候，我决定移栽一株开花植物。当我把这株植物挖出来时，各种各样的生物都冒了出来。蚯蚓在根部扭动着，一只长脚蜘蛛匆匆寻找藏身之处。在这株植物的下方，我甚至还看到了真菌菌丝体那细密的白色网状结构)”可知，本段描述了作者在移栽开花植物时，看到了蚯蚓、长脚蜘蛛以及真菌菌丝体等各种各样的生物出现，展现了多种生物共存的情况，目的是说明形成了多物种的群落。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The challenge before me was to revitalize the soil. (摆在我面前的挑战是重振土壤)”和最后一段“Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard — it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity (个体) in its own right.(我用手指穿过土壤，比以往任何时候都更清楚地意识到，我改变的不仅仅是我的院子——它完全改变了我对土壤的看法。它不仅仅是作为生命的媒介，而且本身就是一个有生命的实体)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者打理花园改造土壤的过程，通过实践对土壤有了新的认识，认为土壤不仅仅是生命的介质，它本身就是一个有生命的个体，强调了土壤的重要性及独特“生命力”，因此，A选项“土壤的灵魂”作为标题最为合适，能够概括文章的主旨。故选A项。
【答案】8．A 9．B 10．B 11．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种AI系统，它可以帮助科学家修复和识别受损铭文的文字，了解历史发展。
【解析】8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers, led by Alphabet’s AI company DeepMind, developed a new AI-based method which serves as a technological tool to help researchers repair missing inscriptions and estimate the true origins of the records. They call their tool Ithaca. The system is the first deep neural(神经的) network that can restore the missing text of damaged inscriptions. (由Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind领导的研究人员开发了一种新的基于人工智能的方法，作为一种技术工具，帮助研究人员修复缺失的铭文，并判断这些记录的真实来源。他们称他们的工具为Ithaca。该系统是第一个可以恢复受损铭文缺失文本的深度神经网络。)”可知，Ithaca是第一个可以复原受损铭文的缺失文本、识别铭文真实来源的深度神经网络，由此可知，Ithaca的主要作用是修复和识别损坏的铭文。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers reported that in experiments with damaged writings, Ithaca was able to correctly predict missing inscription elements 62% of the time. In addition, the tool was 71% correct in identifying where the inscriptions first came from. And when historians work on their own, the success rate for restoring damaged inscriptions is about 25%. But when humans teamed up with Ithaca to assist in their work, the success rate jumped to 72%.(研究人员报告说，在对损坏的文字进行的实验中，Ithaca能够在62%的时间里正确预测缺失的铭文元素。此外，该工具在识别铭文最初来自何处方面的正确率为71%。当历史学家独自工作时，修复受损铭文的成功率约为25%。但当人类用Ithaca协助他们工作时，成功率跃升至72%。)”可知，历史学家使用了Ithaca协助工作后，复原受损铭文文本的准确率从25%提高到了72%，由此可知，第三段中数字表明Ithaca能帮助研究人员更有效地工作。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段“Thea Sommerschield from Ca’Foscari University of Venice said the system had already provided new information to help researchers reexamine important periods in Greek history. In one case, Ithaca confirmed new evidence presented by historians about the dating of a series of important Greek decrees (法令). The decrees were first thought to have been written before 446/445 BCE. But the new evidence suggested a date in the 420s BCE. Ithaca predicted a date of 421 BCE. The date change may seem small but it has significant implications for our understanding of the political history of Classical Athens.(威尼斯Ca’Foscari大学的Thea Sommerschield说，该系统已经提供了新的信息，帮助研究人员重新审视希腊历史上的重要时期。在一个案例中，Ithaca证实了历史学家提出的关于一系列重要希腊法令年代的新证据。这些法令最初被认为是在公元前446/445年之前写成的。但新的证据表明时间在公元前420年。Ithaca预言的日期是公元前421年。日期的变化可能看起来很小，但它对我们理解古典雅典的政治史具有重要意义。)”可知，该段第一句提到，学者Sommerschield说该系统已经提供了新的信息，帮助研究人员重新审视希腊历史上的重要时期，接着就给出了具体的示例来佐证，因此，此段中的案例是为了支持Sommerschield陈述的观点。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Many ancient populations used inscriptions (铭文) to document different parts of their lives. But the objects containing such inscriptions have been damaged over the centuries.(许多古代居民使用铭文记录他们生活的不同部分。但是，包含这些铭文的物品在几个世纪以来遭到了破坏。)”和第二段“The researchers, led by Alphabet’s AI company DeepMind, developed a new AI-based method which serves as a technological tool to help researchers repair missing inscriptions and estimate the true origins of the records. They call their tool Ithaca. (由Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind领导的研究人员开发了一种新的基于人工智能的方法，作为一种技术工具，帮助研究人员修复缺失的铭文，并估计记录的真实来源。他们称他们的工具为Ithaca。)”以及下文对Ithaca的具体介绍，可知本文是介绍一种可以帮助科学家修复和识别受损铭文文字的AI系统——Ithaca，D选项“An AI system for repairing missing writings.(一种修复缺失文字的人工智能系统。)”能够概括文章主旨。故选D。
【答案】12．A 13．C 14．D 15．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚊子追踪人们的嗅觉和体味，人的皮肤会产生很多不同的物质，而不同的蚊子对皮肤的不同物质反应不同。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第二段的One of the most important facts to remember is that mosquitoes track people down by smell and body odour(气味), according to Bart Knols, PhD, a biologist devoted to the study of mosquitoes. 据专门研究蚊子的生物学家Bart Knols博士说，要记住的最重要的事实之一是蚊子通过气味和体味来追踪人。可知，蚊子可以通过气味探测人。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段的The specific mixtures on the skin that mosquitoes respond to vary by species. 蚊子对皮肤上的特定混合物有反应，这种混合物因物种而异。可知，下文列举黄热病蚊子和亚洲虎蚊及非洲疟疾蚊子是为了表明不同的蚊子对不同的混合物反应不同。故选 C。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段的 Knols says. “So it is not actually we that attract mosquitoes, but the bacteria on our skin.”Knols说。“所以实际上吸引蚊子的不是我们自己，而是我们皮肤上的细菌。”可知，吸引蚊子的是皮肤上的细菌。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。文章介绍了蚊子追踪人们的嗅觉和体味，人的皮肤会产生很多不同的物质，而不同的蚊子对皮肤的不同物质反应不同。我们之所以吸引蚊子是因为我们皮肤上的细菌。因此，选项A“你吸引蚊子的科学原因”是本文的最佳标题。故选A。
【答案】16．F 17．E 18．G 19．C 20．B
【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍自律的方法。
【解析】16．根据上文“For people who are not self-disciplined, their life is full of pain, and all pain comes from their own inability. (对于不自律的人来说，他们的生活充满了痛苦，所有的痛苦都来自于自己的无能。)”和下文“So how do you achieve self-discipline (那么你如何做到自律呢？)”可知，文章接下来要阐述自律的方法，所以要有过渡句，引入自律的话题。选项F“一个自律的人过着特别高级和自由的生活。”和上下文意思一致。故选F。
17．根据下文“They work for one hour and charge for eight hours, and the efficiency is extremely low. If you don’t have time to exercise, you can only spend time seeing a doctor after the red light of your physical condition. (他们工作一小时，充电八小时，效率极低。如果你没有时间锻炼，你只能在身体状况出现红灯后花时间去看医生。)”可知，这里提到不锻炼的情况。选项E“不锻炼的人就像老化的电池。”和下文意思一致。故选E。
18．根据上文“Have a good sense of time. The more self-disciplined you are, the more time you’ll have to manage. A precise schedule can save you a lot of unnecessary time costs. (有很好的时间感。你越自律，你需要管理的时间就越多。精确的时间表可以为您节省大量不必要的时间成本。)”可知，这一段主要阐述时间管理。选项G“此外，自律的人会为自己创造早起的时间。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
19．根据下文“Self-disciplined people will not be willing to stay in the comfort zone, but will keep developing their own new field world with the mentality of giving it a try. (自律的人不会愿意待在舒适区，而是抱着试一试的心态，不断开发自己的新领域。)”可知，这一段介绍自律就需要不断挑战自己。选项C“不断打破个人最高限度。”和下文意思一致。故选C。
20．根据上文“And self-discipline may not always let you win. (自律未必总能让你获胜。)”和下文“If you decide that suffering is what you deserve, then the light will unavoidably come to you the same way. (如果你决定苦难是你应得的，那么光明将不可避免地以同样的方式来到你身边。)”可知，这里讲述虽然自律不会让你一直赢，但最终还是会你赢。选项B“但它决不会让你输。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．D 35．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Sarah通过自己的努力，让一个已被人忘记的人权运动领袖，重新被人纪念的故事。
【解析】21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情。A. honest 诚实的；B. young 年轻的；C. clever 聪明的；D. shy 含羞的。上文提到“四年级的Sarah Haycox”，由此可知应是年轻人。故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当她走过学校附近的运动场时。A. walking 走；B. running跑；C. riding 骑行；D. driving 开车。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was” 可知，此处她是 “走过” 运动场。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sarah注意到一个小纪念碑，上面写着Edwin T. Pratt的名字和1930 - 1969年的年份。A. museum 博物馆； B. church 教堂；C. board 董事会，木板；D. memorial 纪念碑。根据最后一段第一行 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr. Pratt was”可知，此处应是她注意到的一个“小纪念碑”。故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想知道他是谁，他做了什么。A. forgot 忘记；B. realized 意识到；C. wondered 想知道；D. explained 解释。根据第三段第一句话，她做了一些研究，最后知道了纪念碑主人的身份。故可推知，此处表示她 “想知道” 。故选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一番调查，她得知他是一位民权领袖，做过很多帮助他人的好事。A. discussion 讨论B. research 研究，调查；C. practice 实践；D. thought 思考，认为。依据后面她得知的结果，说明是在“研究，调查”后得知的。故选B项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过一番调查，她得知他是一位民权领袖，做过很多帮助他人的好事。A. teach教学；B. rescue 营救，解救；C. help 帮助；D. repay 回报。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖。人们给他树立了纪念碑，由此我们可知，他一定帮助过很多人。故选C项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，他被杀只是因为有人不同意他的做法。A. killed 杀死；B. punished 惩罚；C. blamed 谴责，惩罚；D. arrested 逮捕。划线后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被杀害。人们对此为他立碑。故选A项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这个小小的纪念碑，对于一个对别人有如此大影响的人来说，几乎不够大。A. rarely 罕见地；B. simply 简单地，仅仅；C. merely 紧紧，只不过；D. hardly 几乎不，简直不。根据上文可知，Edwin T. Pratt是一位民权领袖，同时他为人民做了很多的事情。因此可知，一个小小的纪念碑是不够的。另外根据后文可知，Sarah觉得纪念碑几乎不够大，所以她找了一个学校来以他命名。故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这个小小的纪念碑，对于一个对别人有如此大影响的人来说，几乎不够大。A. impact 影响；B. impression 印象；C. reflection 反射，沉思；D. dependence 依赖，依靠。前文提到了作为一位民权领袖，他帮助了很多人。同时Sarah觉得一个小小的纪念碑是不够的，是因为他“影响” 了很多人。故选A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sarah决定做点什么! A. stopped 停止；B. decided 决定；C. happened 发生；D. announced 宣布。由下文可知Sarah为了纪念这位民权领袖，她找了一所愿意以Edwin T. Pratt命名的学校。因此可推出，此处表示Sarah决定做点什么。故选B项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：附近新建了一所儿童学校。A. library 图书馆；B. theatre 戏院；C. school 学校；D. hospital 医院。根据倒数第二段最后一句提到的 “新学校” 可知，此处新建的是一所儿童学校。故选C项。
32．考查介词短语辨析。句意：她找到了负责这个建筑项目的人，问他们是否能以Mr. Pratt的名字命名。A. in need of 需要；B. in search of 寻找；C. in favor of支持，赞成；D. in charge of 负责，主管。根据下文提到的Through great efforts, her vision came to reality可知，她的想法最终梦想成真。因此可知，她找到了 “负责” 这项建筑的人。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Sarah有求知欲，有想象更好事物的远见，有勇气追求自己的想法。A. curiosity 好奇心；B. confidence 自信心；C. chance 机会；D. energy 精力，能量。根据上文第4题提到的 “她想知道他是谁，他干了什么事” 可知，Sarah拥有好奇心。故此处的curiosity 和第4题的wonder构成相互呼应。故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有想象更好事物的远见，有勇气追求自己的想法。A. prove 证明；B. change改变；C. present 展现，提出，赠送；D. pursue 追求。根据上文提及的当Sarah觉得纪念碑太小，不足以纪念这位民权领袖时，她就找到新建学校的负责人，成功了说服他以Edwin T. Pratt来命名。由此可见Sarah有追求自己想法的勇气。故选D项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她惊人的行为激励了世界各地的许多年轻人。A. astonished 吃惊；B. inspired 激发，鼓舞；C. attracted 吸引；D. protected 保护。此处和文章第一段构成首尾呼应。根据第一段提及 “她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情” 可知，她的行为 “激励” 了世界各地其他年轻人。故选B项。
【答案】
36．that/which 37．To get 38．a 39．stretches 40．Connecting 41．cultural 42．structures 43．Fortunately 44．pollution 45．what
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了京杭大运河的历史意义以及为保护京杭大运河所做的努力。
【解析】36．考查定语从句关系词。句意：故宫博物院前馆长单霁翔表示：“长城象征着中国坚定的脊梁，而大运河则是贯穿中国人内心的血脉。”该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the bloodline，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
37．考查不定式。句意：为了更好地了解这一“血统”，浙江美术馆正在举办一个名为《作为地球史诗的大运河》的展览。本句已有谓语is running且无连词，动词get用非谓语形式，get用不定式形式作目的状语，首字母大写。故填To get。
38．考查冠词。句意：大运河有2500多年的历史，由京杭大运河、隋唐大运河和浙东运河组成。泛指一段历史，history以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
39．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它绵延近3200公里，是世界上最长的人造水道。结合并列系动词is可知，讲述一般性事实，并列谓语动词stretch用一般现在时，主语It，谓语单数形式。故填stretches。
40．考查现在分词。句意：大运河连接着中国的南北，延伸了贸易，塑造了文化。本句已有谓语extends和shapes，该动词与谓语无连词连接，动词connect用非谓语形式，逻辑主语the Grand Canal与动词connect是主谓关系，connect用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Connecting。
41．考查形容词。句意：然而，由于历史演变和气候变化，运河的一些部分已经干涸和废弃，一些人似乎忘记了它的文化价值。形容词cultural作定语，修饰名词value。故填cultural。
42．考查名词复数。句意：《中国日报》报道称，城市化导致居民将垃圾和其他废弃物堆积在水道上，其他人甚至在运河边修建了非法建筑。structure是可数名词，用复数名词表泛指，作宾语。故填structures。
43．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，到目前为止，在修复大运河方面采取了许多措施。副词fortunately作状语，修饰后面的句子，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。
44．考查名词。句意：县、镇和村共有70名河长被指派清理和恢复59条河流，帮助运河的每一段达到减少污染和控制洪水的目标。不可数名词pollution作宾语。故填pollution。
45．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：大运河正朝着我们所希望的方向发展。该空引导宾语从句，从句中缺乏宾语，意为“……的样子”，用连接代词what。故填what。
46．【答案】Dear fellow students,
Throughout history, humans never stop questioning “What lies beyond ” Our urge to explore space reflects an unyielding spirit to push boundaries. As the head of the Aerospace Club, I invite you to join our journey of cosmic exploration.
Firstly, exploring space drives human progress. It not only helps discover new resources, but also inspires innovations like lightweight materials used in daily life. More importantly, it teaches us to challenge limits collectively.
Secondly, the exploration spirit applies to daily life. Ask “why” in physics class like questioning Mars’ atmosphere; persist through math problems as engineers overcome rocket failures. Every small exploration shapes your potential.
Join us to attend lectures, build model rockets, and discuss space news. Let’s turn curiosity into action!
Li Hua,
Head of the Aerospace Club
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生围绕航空航天的探索精神写一份倡议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
负责人：head→leader
欲望：urge→desire
推动：drive→promote
克服：overcome→get over
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：It not only helps discover new resources, but also inspires innovations like lightweight materials used in daily life.
拓展句：Not only does it help discover new resources, but it also inspires innovations like lightweight materials used in daily life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our urge to explore space reflects an unyielding spirit to push boundaries.(使用了不定式作后置定语)
【高分句型2】Ask “why” in physics class like questioning Mars’ atmosphere; persist through math problems as engineers overcome rocket failures. (使用了祈使句、动名词作宾语、as引导方式状语从句)
47．【答案】One day when I was in the area, I made a big decision. Despite knowing that it was a terrible business decision, I loaded a red mahogany piano onto my little truck. I delivered the piano to the old lady. I placed the new piano in the house, advised her and the little girl to keep the chickens off it and left. I was sure that I had just thrown away a new piano. To my surprise, the payments came in on time with a thank-you note every month.
Twenty years later while sitting at a bar. I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me. Looking around, I saw a lovely young woman playing a very nice grand piano. Stunned by her great performance, I moved to a table beside her. She stopped and smiled at me politely, “Aren’t you the man who sold my grandma a piano a long time ago ” It didn’t ring a bell, so she started to explain. And I suddenly remembered., My Lord, it was her, the little barefoot girl in the feed sack dress! I was so glad that my kindness did make a real difference.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者大学毕业后在一家钢琴公司当销售员，每当公司做广告的时候，公司总会收到一位老太太的明信片，上面写着“请给我的小孙女送一架新钢琴。一定是红木的。我可以用卖蛋的钱每个月付10美元”。出于好奇，作者找到了这位老太太，知道了老太太比较贫穷，作者向老太太解释道，不能以每月10美元的价格卖出一架新钢琴，所以她应该停止给公司写信。几年后，作者拥有自己的钢琴公司，每当作者在那个地方做广告时，作者就会收到老太太寄的那张明信片。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“有一天，我在那附近，做了一个重大决定。”可知，第一段可描写作者决定要送给老太太送一架钢琴，但是作者每月都能收到老太太支付的十美元。
②由第二段首句内容“20年后，我坐在酒吧里，听到身后最美妙的钢琴声。”可知，第二段可描写作者听到了最美妙的钢琴声，这正是老太太的孙女所弹奏的。
2.续写线索：做决定——送钢琴——每月收到10美元——听到最美妙的钢琴——一位年轻的女士在弹奏——发现这位女士是老太太的孙女——作者很高兴自己当时做了那个决定
3.词汇激活
行为类
①放下：placed /put
②建议：advised /suggested
③离开：left /went away
情绪类
①使我惊讶：To my surprise /To my astonishment
②高兴的：glad / pleased / delighted / happy
【点睛】[高分句型1]Despite knowing that it was a terrible business decision, loaded a red mahogany piano onto my little truck.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] Looking around, I saw a lovely young woman playing a very nice grand piano.（运用了非谓语动词作状语，表示伴随状语）
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