山东省烟台市莱州市第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 山东省烟台市莱州市第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2025-03-28 16:34:30 | ||
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山东省烟台市莱州市第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Volunteer Zambia
Volunteer Zambia is a unique international sport programme run by the Wallace Group — a cooperation between leading UK “sport” universities — to primarily support and work with the leading Zambian sports Non-Governmental Organization, Sport in Action. The project is committed to the sustainable practice of both sport and international development.
Every year Durham University sends students out to Zambia for 8 weeks between June and September. Volunteers work with Zambian volunteer coaches to deliver sustainable sport opportunities for young people in their community, particularly women and girls.
The roles include:
— Football Development Officer
— Basketball Development Officer
— Media, Marketing and Communications Officer
— Enterprise Development Officer
Please email georgia.m.donohue@durham.ac.uk or community. engagement@durham.ac.uk for more information about any of the roles.
When can I apply
Applications typically open September/October for the following year’s travel. Find us at freshers fair, or email volunteerzambia.du@durham.ac.uk if you are interested in applying.
APPLICATIONS FOR 2025 TRAVEL ARE OPEN!
Applications close: 25th November 2024 for sport development and 21st December 2024 for business enterprise. 28th November for media, marketing and communications.
Interested in fundraising for Sport in Action
In addition to being an active member of the Volunteer Zambia Project, Durham University is devoted to fundraising for Sport in Action Zambia. Every year Team Durham clubs contribute to raising over 10,000 for it.
If you are interested in hosting a fundraising event for Sport in Action, please email sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk to find out how you can do this.
1．What is an aim of Volunteer Zambia
A．To expand the Wallace Group. B．To advertise UK “sport” universities.
C．To promote Zambian sport development. D．To sponsor the youth of Durham University.
2．When can you submit your application for the role of Basketball Development Officer
A．Nov. 24, 2024. B．Nov. 28, 2024.
C．Dec. 21, 2024. D．Dec. 25, 2024.
3．Which email account can you turn to for the fundraising information
A．volunteerzambia.du@durham.ac.uk B．georgia.m.donohue@durham.ac.uk
C．sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk D．community.engagement@durham.ac.uk
18 years ago, a 14-year-old boy from Kasungu district in Malawi was forced to drop out of school for lack of fees. At the same time, a severe famine was destroying his village, claiming people’s lives and leaving desperation in its wake.
This was a situation to break the strongest of minds but William Kamkwamba did not give up. Young as he was, he knew that education was where his future lay. He found hope in the library and feasted on the knowledge that he harvested from its books. It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind. The youngster realized that, if mastered, this power could help his village in exceptional ways.
Armed with determination and an iron will, the teenager set out to build a windmill out of random materials from a scrapyard (垃圾场). Though his outside world was collapsing to dust, the youngster did not hesitate about his purpose. He defended himself from all doubt and criticism. He worked tirelessly until his dream of bringing electricity to his village became reality. Soon, he was caught in the center of media attention that took him to new places that he would never have stepped on without his invention.
In his village, the dust has not settled yet and the winds of change continue to blow across the land. Windmills pump water to irrigate crops, sweeping away another period of hunger. William’s former primary school boasts new and stronger buildings, thanks to the help of well-wishers and the villagers’ united efforts.
What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune is set in stone. William refused to be a school drop-out forever. He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough. He was able to rise above poverty to become a graduate from one of America’s best universities, Dartmouth College.
4．What inspired William to bring electricity to his village
A．His realization of the impact of electricity. B．His awareness of the role of education.
C．The science textbook entitled Using Energy. D．The severe famine destroying his village.
5．What can we learn from paragraph 3
A．All people didn’t support William’s dream at first.
B．The public had little interest in William’s invention.
C．The invention enabled William to make a big fortune.
D．The windmill is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.
6．What does the underlined words “set in stone”in the last paragraph mean
A．Visible. B．Avoidable. C．Unchangeable. D．Unpredictable.
7．What message does the author want to convey in this story
A．Knowledge feasts mind and education promises wealth.
B．Necessity inspires invention and hardship makes heroes.
C．Criticism promotes success and doubt facilitates creation.
D．Adversity motivates inspiration and support pushes solutions.
Imagine you’re cooking potatoes for breakfast. First, you’d remove the potatoes from their plastic bag. Then, you might chop them on a plastic cutting board. Next, you’d probably cook them in a nonstick pan. All the removing, chopping and overheating of nonstick pans can add 2.3 million microplastics to your food.
Besides food, the air and water in your home is full of microplastics. Smaller than a grain of salt, we interact with them more than we might realize. Humans breathe in about 22,000,000 microplastics annually. As a result, microplastics have been detected in our blood and lungs. We’re only just beginning to understand the effect of microplastics on human health — but research suggests we should concern more.
A groundbreaking new study shows how the presence of microplastics in arteries (动脉血管) is linked to a greater risk of heart attack and death. When microplastics build up in arteries, the thicker blood vessel (血管) walls reduce blood flow to parts of the body. This study will inspire more research into what other organs plastic may be damaging, such as the brain, or stomach.
Microplastics may be inescapable, but with simple swaps and fixes, you can reduce the amount of microplastics you encounter in your own home. Carry your own reusable bags and avoid buying food that comes in much plastic packaging. When heating food, use stainless steel instead of nonstick pans. Another way to limit your exposure is to filter (过滤) your tap water to reduce plastic fibers in the tap water.
Ultimately, plastic manufacturers and the companies that sell their products are responsible for the high volume of plastic waste in our environments, and significantly reducing that plastic — and the microplastics that come with it — will have to be at the policy level nationwide and worldwide.
8．What does the author try to convey by telling the cooking story
A．Microplastics directly lead to diseases.
B．Nonstick pans are free of microplastics.
C．We consumed microplastics unknowingly.
D．Cooking is to blame for making microplastics.
9．How do microplastics affect our body according to the new study
A．By damaging our brain. B．By slowing blood flow.
C．By thickening our lungs. D．By causing stomachache.
10．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．Tips for people to cut microplastics.
B．Proof of microplastics in our homes.
C．Presence of microplastics in packaging.
D．Exposure to microplastics via tap water.
11．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Plastic waste comes from microplastics on earth.
B．The amount of plastic waste is significantly large.
C．Relevant regulations are vital to contain plastic use.
D．Plastic makers and buyers answer for plastic waste.
Imagine journeying down the highway when you notice your fuel tank running low. Your GPS indicates 10 gas stations. Naturally, you want the cheapest option. You pass the first handful and observe their prices before approaching one with a seemingly good deal. Do you stop, without knowing how sweet the bargains could get up the road Or do you continue exploring and risk regret for rejecting the bird in hand How do you decide when to explore further and when to decide on a choice
As a fascinating recent Big Think article explains in detail, no matter what choice you’ re making, mathematicians claim the 37 percent rule applies. Spend the first 37 percent of your decision-making process gathering information and committing to nothing. After that, choose the next option that comes along that’s better than everything you’ve seen before. This rule gives you the highest probability of making the superior choice.
Applying this precise rule will simplify messy reality. If you’ve given yourself a month to hunt for a most comfortable apartment, the 37 percent rule suggests you spend the first third or so of that surveying the market and making no decisions. If you’re hiring an assistant and plan to interview 10 candidates, let the first three go by. Then choose the next person who beats that first bunch.
What if an absolutely brilliant candidate just happens to be the first one you come across Following this rule might end up complaining and wondering, “What if ” It is true that matters of the heart aren’t logical, and this rule only maximizes probabilities. It doesn’t guarantee success. So if lightning strikes or the angels sing and you’ re absolutely sure you’ve found the perfect match for you, don’t let inflexible rules stand in the way.
But even if it’s unwise to blindly follow the 37 percent rule in every instance, that doesn’t make it unhelpful. Spending roughly the first third of your decision-making process gathering information can help you resist fear of missing out. Knowing that you should secure the first candidate who beats the options you previously explored can help you gather the courage to make decisions.
12．What does the underlined phrase “the bird in hand” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．A sweeter bargain ahead. B．The first GPS recommendation.
C．The previous cheaper gas station. D．A more suitable route on the journey.
13．Which of the following is an example of the 37 percent rule
A．Choosing the 1st from 100. B．Choosing the 36th from 100.
C．Choosing the 37th from 100. D．Choosing the 38th from 100.
14．What is the writing purpose of paragraph 4
A．To offer a reminder. B．To give an example.
C．To prove a conclusion. D．To make an assumption.
15．How does the 37 percent rule benefit us
A．It boosts our self-confidence. B．It enhances our ability to analyze data.
C．It strengthens our links with the society. D．It improves our decision-making efficiency.
Green roofs have been around for thousands of years, long before modern housing was developed. From the simple grass-covered roofs above caves to the famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon, they remained an important part of architecture. 16 They bring enormous environmental benefits and offer solutions to some pressing ecological challenges of our time.
In the design of a green roof, there are key factors that count. The first step is to install (安装) a protective layer over the roof to prevent water damage. 17 It’s essential to choose high-quality materials, as once the green roof is completed and the building is in use, replacing the protective layer becomes difficult and expensive.
Next, a drainage (排水) layer, which is often made of pebbles or a special mat, is placed on top. It helps water flow off the roof instead of pooling on it. Then, a growing medium, like soil or other similar materials, is spread over the drainage layer. 18
Now it’s time to choose plants for the roof. Some plants have shallow root systems and don’t need much water. 19 Sedum and chives are good examples of such plants. They are not only water-efficient but tough and long-lasting.
20 It’s important to think about your budget. On average, it costs $25 to $30 per square foot to install a green roof. This doesn’t include the cost of installing or repairing the normal roof underneath. And there is labour cost to cover. If a traditional roof costs $30 per square foot, installing a green roof could easily double that expense.
A．This is where the plants will grow.
B．However, green roofs come at a high cost.
C．Today, green roofs are gaining more attention.
D．These features make them ideal for green roofs.
E．As a result, they led to the popularity of green roofs.
F．Green roof materials can range from grass to solar panels.
G．The layer also stops plant roots growing into the roof structure.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
On the night of the speech contest, I was worried about the shy girl. My heart 21 when I knew the boy on stage previous to her, 22 , was fairly successful with his humor and personal style. The whole audience burst out a wave of 23 almost every 30 seconds.
My palms (手掌) began to 24 . It was the first time that she had been on the stage, so I couldn’t blame her for any 25 . The strong spotlight made her so insignificant that nobody 26 she had been on the stage.
But the moment that 27 me occurred. I clearly heard a 28 voice, “Now, your 29 , please!” The whole audience fell quiet. Small and thin as the girl appeared, the 30 look on her face instantly caught everyone’s eyes. Then her speech was on, logical and well-organized. Words of power 31 freely out of the girl like magic. When her speech 32 , a thunderous applause sounded from the audience. When the competition was concluding, all of us waited 33 for the winner’s name to be called. Tears of joy 34 my vision when the host announced she won first prize. Holding the medal tightly, she gave me a brilliant smile. I 35 her into my arms, too excited to say any words.
21．A．beat B．sank C．lost D．broke
22．A．sure enough B．worse still C．above all D．in addition
23．A．crying B．warning C．clapping D．screaming
24．A．sweat B．tremble C．change D．turn
25．A．try B．pose C．guess D．slip
26．A．thought B．admitted C．ignored D．noticed
27．A．confused B．interested C．surprised D．challenged
28．A．loud B．weak C．tight D．low
29．A．support B．attention C．vote D．silence
30．A．determined B．puzzled C．relaxed D．bored
31．A．crowded B．hurried C．bounced D．flowed
32．A．started B．ended C．progressed D．rested
33．A．sincerely B．easily C．wildly D．eagerly
34．A．misted B．hid C．prevented D．shaded
35．A．pushed B．threw C．pulled D．lifted
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Therapy dogs are dogs that are trained to give comfort to people in unfortunate situations. The story of the first therapy dog is very interesting. During World War Ⅱ, a soldier named William Wynne found an 36 (abandon) dog on the battlefield (战场). He became 37 (friend) with the dog and named it Smoky. When William became very ill and entered a hospital, his friends frequently brought Smoky to visit him, 38 made it become so popular with the other sick soldiers in the hospital that it was allowed to stay. The doctors in the hospital used Smoky to help cheer op the patients. After the war ended, Smoky continued to work 39 a therapy dog in the United States.
In the 1970s, Elaine Smith, 40 American nurse, started a program to train therapy dogs. Smith noticed patients in hospitals seemed to recover (康复) much 41 (fast) when dogs had been around. 42 amazed doctors and nurses was that having animals visit hospitals helped lower stress and blood pressure among patients. In the 1980s and 1990s, other animals also started to help the sick.
Today, therapy pets 43 (use) to help many different people with problems. For example, they help children with reading difficulties by 44 (provide) an audience that won’t belittle (轻视) them. Some therapy pets can work along with the patient and the doctor in an effort 45 (help) people learn to walk again after a serious injury.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动。请你写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品，内容包括：
1. 作品描述；
2. 创作缘由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear classmates,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Carter enjoyed riding the school bus home. The ride home gave him some time to relax after a busy day of fifth grade. He usually sat alone and enjoyed that too. With four siblings (兄妹) he didn't get much time alone. Sometimes he sat with his younger brother, Jackson, but Jackson was sick at home today.
The bus stopped and the tallest boy in his class, Dexter, stepped off followed by his younger brother, Billy. As the bus pulled away, Carter looked back over his shoulder to watch the boys. Dexter was yelling and waving his hands at his little brother. Billy said something Carter could not hear. Dexter yelled, gave his younger brother a hard shove and knocked him to the ground. Billy was on the ground wiping at his eyes, but Dexter walked away.
Carter turned in his seat, feeling disgusted. He hated seeing little kids get picked on (欺负).The sight of Billy on the ground crying was burned into his memory. He tried to think of something else.
He thought of the model car he was working on at home, a 1967 Corvette. He started building it over a week ago and just finished putting it together last night. Tonight, as soon as he finished his homework, he could start painting the car. That was his favorite part. He already had the perfect color of blue picked out.
He hurried off the bus, ran through his yard, and breezed through the kitchen with a quick hello to his mom. She was making spaghetti, which smelled delicious. He ran up the stairs two at a time and rushed into his room.
“Surprise!” his brother Jackson said, throwing his arms into the air. "What are you doing in my room I thought you were sick!”
“I feel better!”
"What's on your face Are you bleeding "
"No! I'm not bleeding." Jackson wiped at his face, probably just paint. Look! Look what I did!” He pointed at the desk in the comer of Carter's room.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
Carter looked down at his desk in horror
Paragraph 2
Carter took a deep breath and then unfolded his fist.
参考答案
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Volunteer Zambia这一国际体育项目，包括项目的发起方、目的、每年杜伦大学派送学生参与的情况、项目所包含的具体角色、申请时间及对应的截止日期，以及杜伦大学为赞比亚的Sport in Action组织筹款相关事宜。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Volunteer Zambia is a unique international sport programme run by the Wallace Group — a cooperation between leading UK “sport” universities — to primarily support and work with the leading Zambian sports Non-Governmental Organization, Sport in Action. The project is committed to the sustainable practice of both sport and international development. (‘志愿者赞比亚’是一个独特的国际体育项目，由华莱士集团（Wallace Group）运营，由英国顶尖的‘体育’大学合作，主要支持并与赞比亚领先的体育非政府组织sport in Action合作。该项目致力于体育和国际发展的可持续实践。)”可知，Volunteer Zambia的目标是促进赞比亚体育发展，故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据小标题“When can I apply ”下的“Applications close: 25th November 2024 for sport development and 21st December 2024 for business enterprise. 28th November for media, marketing and communications. (申请截止日期：体育发展2024年11月25日，商业企业2024年12月21日。11月28日，媒体、营销和传播。)”可知，篮球发展专员属于体育发展类角色，其申请截止时间是2024年11月25日，所以应在该日期前提交申请，故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you are interested in hosting a fundraising event for Sport in Action, please email sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk to find out how you can do this. (如果你有兴趣为Sport in Action举办筹款活动，请发送电子邮件至sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk了解如何执行此操作。)”可知，如果想了解筹款信息，应该发邮件到sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk，故选C项。
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了少年William Kamkwamba通过废品改造，把村里通电的梦想成为现实。风车抽水灌溉庄稼，缓解了当地的饥荒。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind. The youngster realized that, if mastered, this power could help his village in exceptional ways.(在那里，他看到了一本名为《使用能源》的科学教科书。他了解到他可以利用风发电。这个年轻人意识到，如果掌握了这种力量，他可以以不同寻常的方式帮助他的村庄)”可知，科学教科书《使用能源》激励威廉把电带到他的村庄。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“He defended himself from all doubt and criticism.(他为自己辩护，不受任何怀疑和批评)”可知，起初并不是所有人都支持威廉的梦想。故选A。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune”以及后文“He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough.(他为自己的问题寻求解决方案，即使情况变得艰难，他也会继续战斗)”可知，一个看似绝望的情况已经变成了一个鼓舞人心的故事，说明没有什么不幸是一成不变的，故划线词意思是“不变的”。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune is set in stone. William refused to be a school drop-out forever. He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough. He was able to rise above poverty to become a graduate from one of America’s best universities, Dartmouth College.(一个看似绝望的情况已经变成了一个鼓舞人心的故事，激励着我们每一个人，让我们相信没有什么不幸是一成不变的。威廉拒绝永远做一个辍学者。他为自己的问题寻求解决方案，即使情况变得艰难，他也会继续战斗。他能够摆脱贫困，成为美国最好的大学之一达特茅斯学院的毕业生)”结合文章主要讲述了少年William Kamkwamba通过废品改造，把村里通电的梦想成为现实。风车抽水灌溉庄稼，缓解了当地的饥荒。可知，作者想在这个故事中表达需要激发发明，困难造就英雄。故选B。
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．A 11．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了微塑料对人类健康的影响，包括其在食物、空气和水中的普遍存在，以及可能对人体器官如心脏造成的危害，并提出了一些减少微塑料暴露的建议。
【解析】8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Imagine you’re cooking potatoes for breakfast. First, you’d remove the potatoes from their plastic bag. Then, you might chop them on a plastic cutting board. Next, you’d probably cook them in a nonstick pan. All the removing, chopping and overheating of nonstick pans can add 2.3 million microplastics to your food.(想象一下你在早餐时煮土豆。首先，你会从塑料袋里拿出土豆。然后，你可能会在塑料砧板上切它们。接下来，你可能会在不粘锅里煮它们。所有去除、切割和加热不粘锅的动作可能会给你的食物增加230万微塑料颗粒)”可推知，作者试图通过讲述烹饪故事来传达我们在不知情的情况下摄入了微塑料。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A groundbreaking new study shows how the presence of microplastics in arteries (动脉血管) is linked to a greater risk of heart attack and death. When microplastics build up in arteries, the thicker blood vessel (血管) walls reduce blood flow to parts of the body.(一项开创性的新研究表明，动脉中微塑料的存在与心脏病发作和死亡风险增加有关。当微塑料在动脉中积聚时，更厚的血管壁会减少流向身体各部位的血液)”可知，微塑料通过减缓血流来影响我们的身体。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Microplastics may be inescapable, but with simple swaps and fixes, you can reduce the amount of microplastics you encounter in your own home. Carry your own reusable bags and avoid buying food that comes in much plastic packaging. When heating food, use stainless steel instead of nonstick pans. Another way to limit your exposure is to filter (过滤) your tap water to reduce plastic fibers in the tap water.(微塑料可能是无法避免的，但通过简单的替换和修复，你可以减少在自己家中接触到的微塑料的数量。带上你自己的可重复使用的袋子，避免购买包装有大量塑料的食品。加热食物时，使用不锈钢而不是不粘锅。另一种限制暴露的方法是过滤你的自来水以减少自来水中的塑料纤维)”可知，本段主要提供了减少在家中接触微塑料的建议，包括使用可重复使用的袋子、避免购买塑料包装的食品、使用不锈钢锅加热食物以及过滤自来水等。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ultimately, plastic manufacturers and the companies that sell their products are responsible for the high volume of plastic waste in our environments, and significantly reducing that plastic — and the microplastics that come with it — will have to be at the policy level nationwide and worldwide.(最终，塑料制造商和销售其产品的公司对我们环境中大量的塑料垃圾负有责任，要在全国范围内和全球范围内大大减少这种塑料——以及随之而来的微塑料——将必须在政策层面进行)”可知，塑料制造商和销售产品的公司对塑料垃圾负有责任，并强调了在全国范围内和全球范围内通过政策层面减少塑料和微塑料的重要性。由此推知，相关法规对控制塑料使用至关重要。故选C。
【答案】12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕数学家提出的“37%规则”在决策过程中的应用、局限及益处。
【解析】12．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“You pass the first handful and observe their prices before approaching one with a seemingly good deal. Do you stop, without knowing how sweet the bargains could get up the road Or do you continue exploring and risk regret for rejecting the bird in hand (你路过第一批商品，观察它们的价格，然后接近一个看似很划算的商品。你会在不知道前面可能会有更划算的交易的情况下停下来吗？还是你会继续探索，冒着因拒绝the bird in hand而后悔的风险呢？)”可知，这里指的就是已经路过且看起来价格还可以的那些加油站。由此可知，划线词组the bird in hand指的是之前遇到的相对较便宜的加油站。故填C项。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Spend the first 37 percent of your decision-making process gathering information and committing to nothing. After that, choose the next option that comes along that’s better than everything you’ve seen before. (将决策过程的前37%用于收集信息，什么都不做。之后，选择下一个出现的选项，它比你以前见过的一切都要好)”可知，如果总共有100个选项，37%就是37个，也就是先观察前37个选项不做选择，接下来遇到比前面37个都好的那个选项就是要选的，那就是第38个。故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段“What if an absolutely brilliant candidate just happens to be the first one you come across Following this rule might end up complaining and wondering, “What if ” It is true that matters of the heart aren’t logical, and this rule only maximizes probabilities. It doesn’t guarantee success. So if lightning strikes or the angels sing and you’ re absolutely sure you’ve found the perfect match for you, don’t let inflexible rules stand in the way. (如果一个绝对聪明的候选人恰好是你遇到的第一个人怎么办？遵循这条规则可能最终会抱怨和想知道，“如果呢？”诚然，心事不合逻辑，这条规则只会使概率最大化。它并不能保证成功。因此，如果雷击或天使歌唱，并且你绝对确定自己已经找到了最适合你的人选，请不要让僵化的规则成为阻碍)”可知，37%规则虽然有用，但不是绝对的，所以读者在特殊情况下要根据实际情况灵活判断，不要盲目遵循规则。由此推知，第四段的目的是提供一个提醒。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Spending roughly the first third of your decision-making process gathering information can help you resist fear of missing out. Knowing that you should secure the first candidate who beats the options you previously explored can help you gather the courage to make decisions. (在决策过程的前三分之一左右时间收集信息可以帮助你抵制对错过的恐惧。知道你应该确保第一个击败你之前探索过的选项的候选人可以帮助你鼓起勇气做出决定)”可知，按照37%规则，花决策过程的前一部分时间收集信息能帮助我们抵抗错失良机的恐惧，知道何时根据规则做选择能帮助我们鼓起勇气做决策，总体上这些都有助于我们更有效地做出决策。由此推知，37%规则提高了我们的决策效率。故选D项。
【答案】16．C 17．G 18．A 19．D 20．B
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处及它的建造过程。
【解析】16．根据下文“They bring enormous environmental benefits and offer solutions to some pressing ecological challenges of our time. (它们带来了巨大的环境效益，并为我们这个时代一些紧迫的生态挑战提供了解决方案。)”可知，绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处，C项“如今，绿色屋顶越来越受到人们的关注。”能够引起下文，介绍人们关注绿色屋顶的原因，因为它们来了巨大的环境效益。故选C。
17．根据上文“The first step is to install (安装) a protective layer over the roof to prevent water damage. (第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层，以防止水损坏。)”可知，上文告诉我们绿色屋顶的第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层，以防止水损坏，G项“该层还可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。”能够承接上文，介绍了安装保护层的另一个原因，可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。故选G。
18．根据上文“Then, a growing medium, like soil or other similar materials, is spread over the drainage layer. (然后，将土壤或其他类似材料等生长介质铺在排水层上。)”可知，上文告诉我们要在排水层上铺生长介质，A项“这是植物生长的地方。”能够承接上文，土壤或其他类似材料等生长介质是植物生长的地方。故选A。
19．根据上文“Now it’s time to choose plants for the roof. Some plants have shallow root systems and don’t need much water. (现在是时候为屋顶选择植物了。有些植物根系较浅，不需要太多的水。)”可知，上文告诉我们为屋顶选择植物时，可以选择根系较浅，不需要太多的水的植物，D项“这些特性使其成为绿色屋顶的理想选择。”能够承接上文，说明根系较浅，不需要太多的水的植物是绿色屋顶的理想选择。故选D。
20．根据下文“t’s important to think about your budget. On average, it costs $25 to $30 per square foot to install a green roof. (考虑一下你的预算很重要。平均而言，安装绿色屋顶的成本为每平方英尺25至30美元。)”可知，安装绿色屋顶价格不菲，B项“然而，绿色屋顶的成本很高。”能够引起下文，下文具体介绍了绿色屋顶的高成本。故选B。
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．D 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述害羞的小女孩第一次上台演讲比赛，作者非常担心，结果令他非常震惊，小女孩非常坚定并表演成功，获得胜利，让作者感到非常激动。
【解析】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我知道在她之前台上的那个男孩凭借他的幽默和个人风格相当成功时，我的心沉了下去。A. beat击打；B. sank下沉；C. lost丢失；D. broke破碎。根据上文“On the night of the speech contest, I was worried about the shy girl.”可知作者更担心了，所以心沉了下去，故选B。
22．考查短语辨析。句意：同上。A. sure enough果然；B. worse still更糟；C. above all更重要的是；D. in addition此外。根据“was fairly successful with his humor and personal style”可知小男孩的演讲的确优秀，故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：全场几乎每隔30秒就爆发出一阵掌声。A. crying哭泣；B. warning警告；C. clapping鼓掌；D. screaming尖叫。根据上文“when I knew the boy on stage previous to her, 2 , was fairly successful with his humor and personal style.”可知小男孩演讲很精彩，观众总给他鼓掌，故选C。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手掌开始出汗。A. sweat出汗；B. tremble颤抖；C. change改变；D. turn转向。根据下文“It was the first time that she had been on the stage”可知小女孩第一次上台作者很担心，所以手掌开始出汗，故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是她第一次登台，所以我不能因为任何差错责怪她。A. try尝试；B. pose姿势；C. guess猜测；D. slip差错。根据上文“It was the first time that she had been on the stage”可知这是她的第一次登台，所以作者不能因为任何差错责怪她，故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：强烈的聚光灯使她显得无足轻重，没有人注意到她已经站在舞台上。A. thought想；B. admitted承认；C. ignored忽视；D. noticed注意。根据上文“The strong spotlight made her so insignificant”聚光灯太亮，把小女孩显得无足轻重，所以没人注意到她，故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但令我惊讶的一幕发生了。A. confused使困惑；B. interested使感兴趣；C. surprised使惊讶；D. challenged使受到挑战。根据下文“ Then her speech was on, logical and well-organized.”可知小女孩演讲很成功，所以让我感到惊讶，故选C。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地听到一个响亮的声音:“现在，请注意!”A. loud大声的；B. weak软弱的；C. tight紧的；D. low低的。根据上文“I clearly heard”可知是声音很大，故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. support支持；B. attention注意；C. vote投票；D. silence沉默。根据下文“The whole audience fell quiet”可知这里应该是主持人让大家注意听，故选B。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩看起来又小又瘦，但她脸上坚定的表情立刻吸引了所有人的目光。A. determined意志坚定的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. relaxed放松的；D. bored烦恼的。根据上文“Small and thin as the girl appeared”可知是让步状语从句，所以小女孩虽然看起来又小又瘦，但脸上的表情是坚定的，故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：充满力量的话语像魔法一样从女孩嘴里自由地流出。A. crowded拥挤；B. hurried匆忙地走；C. bounced弹起；D. flowed留出。根据上文“freely out of the girl like magic”可知应是自由地流出，故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她的演讲结束时，听众中响起了雷鸣般的掌声。A. started开始；B. ended结束；C. progressed进步；D. rested休息。根据“a thunderous applause sounded from the audience”和常识可知是小女孩演讲结束时，听众中响起了雷鸣般的掌声，故选B。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当比赛结束时，我们都急切地等待着宣布获胜者的名字。A. sincerely真诚地；B. easily容易地；C. wildly野蛮地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文“for the winner’s name to be called.”可知比赛结束时，大家都急切地等着获胜者的名字，故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当主持人宣布她获得一等奖时，喜悦的泪水模糊了我的视线。A. misted使……蒙上水汽；B. hid隐藏；C. prevented阻止；D. shaded遮蔽。根据上文“Tears of joy”可知使泪水模糊了作者的视线，故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她搂在怀里，激动得说不出话来。A. pushed推；B. threw扔；C. pulled拉；D. lifted举起。根据下文“her into my arms”可知是作者把小女孩拉进怀里，故选C。
【答案】
36．abandoned 37．friends 38．which 39．as 40．an 41．faster 42．What 43．are used 44．providing 45．to help
【分析】本篇是一篇说明文。说明一种狗，治疗犬，可以接受训练，辅助治疗患者。
【解析】36．考查过去分词。句意：二战期间，一名叫威廉 魏恩的士兵在战场上发现了一只遗弃的狗。abandon修饰名词作定语， 与dog构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填abandoned。
37．考查名词。句意：他成为了狗的朋友，并把它命名为Smoky。friend为可数名词，应加s变为复数形式。故填friends。
38．考查定语从句。句意：当威廉病得很严重，进了医院时，他的朋友们经常带Smoky去拜访他，这使得Smoky在医院里受到其他生病士兵的如此欢迎，以至于被允许入住。分析句子可知空后为非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子，故填which。
39．考查介词。句意：战争结束后，Smoky继续在美国作为治疗犬工作。作为某种身份时，用介词as，故填as。
40．考查冠词。句意：20世纪70年代，美国护士Elaine Smith开始了训练治疗犬的计划。这里nurse是单数，非特指，并且修饰词American为元音音素开始，故填an。
41．考查副词比较级。句意：史密斯注意到，当狗在附近时，医院的病人似乎恢复得更快。根据句意，这里是恢复更快，应用比较级，fast的比较级faster，故填faster。
42．考查主语从句。句意：令医生和护士惊讶的是，让动物去医院帮助降低了患者的压力和血压。分析句子可知主语是句子，即主语从句，从句中缺少主语，并指代内容，故填what。
43．考查时态和语态。句意：如今，治疗宠物被用来帮助许多不同的人解决问题。时间状语today，故时态用一般现在时，主语therapy pets和谓语use是被动关系，故填are used。
44．考查动名词。句意：例如，他们通过提供不会轻视他们的观众，帮助儿童解决阅读困难。by为介词后面应加动名词，故填providing。
45．考查不定式。句意：例如，一些治疗犬可以与患者和医生一起工作，以帮助患者在严重受伤后再次学会走路。to help在这里做目的状语，故填to help。
46．【答案】范文1
Dear classmates,
I’m honored to share our handicraft work with you. It’s a delicate paper-cut artwork in the shape of a Chinese zodiac rabbit. We cut out the rabbit’s vivid outline and added intricate patterns like flowers and lucky knots.
We chose to make it because the rabbit symbolizes good luck and vitality in Chinese culture. Also, paper-cutting is a traditional art form that we hope to promote. Through this work, we not only had fun but also deepened our understanding of our cultural heritage. That’s all. Thank you!
范文2
Dear classmates,
I’m delighted to stand here and share our handicraft work with you on behalf of our group. Our creation is a set of delicate paper-cut lanterns. Each lantern is meticulously crafted with vivid patterns, such as traditional Chinese flowers and auspicious animals, which are cut out with great precision.
We made these lanterns mainly because we wanted to preserve and promote traditional Chinese culture. Paper-cutting is a time-honored folk art in China, and lanterns symbolize joy and good fortune in our cultural traditions. By making paper-cut lanterns, we not only got a chance to practice traditional handicrafts but also aimed to spread the beauty of Chinese culture among our classmates.
That’s all for my introduction. Thank you!
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品。内容包括：作品描述和创作缘由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
生动的：vivid→lifelike
代表： symbolize→standing for
机会： chance→opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted to stand here and share our handicraft work with you on behalf of our group.
拓展句：I’m delighted that I can stand here and share our handicraft work with you on behalf of our group.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Each lantern is meticulously crafted with vivid patterns, such as traditional Chinese flowers and auspicious animals, which are cut out with great precision.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】By making paper-cut lanterns, we not only got a chance to practice traditional handicrafts but also aimed to spread the beauty of Chinese culture among our classmates.（运用了并列连词not only...but also）
47．【答案】Carter looked down at his desk in horror. What came into his sight was an ugly red car, which really annoyed him. Eyes narrowed and fists clenched, Carter could feel a blaze of flame fueling inside him. “What have you done to my car ” he yelled loudly. Frightened by the loud voice of his brother, Jackson drooped his head, murmured, “I just wanted to give you a surprise!” It suddenly dawned on Carter that what he did just now was just like Dexter’s action on the bus.
Carter took a deep breath and then unfolded his fist. Letting out a sigh of regret, he apologized to his brother sincerely, “I'm sorry for doing that, but I had planned to paint it blue.” Hearing this, Jackson beamed and embraced Carter tightly, paint it together! No sooner had they painted the unique car than their Mum called them to have dinner. The breeze wafted their face with delicious smell of the spaghetti and warmed the brothers’ hearts. There was no denying that siblings should get on well by being more tolerant of each other.
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了卡特在坐校车回家的途中，看到德克斯特欺负他的弟弟比利，这让卡特很反感。回家后，卡特急不可待的回到自己的房间，要给自己做的汽车模型喷漆。结果发现自己的弟弟把自己的汽车模型喷漆了，而且很难看。最后，卡特原谅了弟弟，并一起完成模型喷漆。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“卡特惊恐地低头看着自己的桌子。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现自己的汽车模型被弄糟了后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“卡特深吸了一口气，然后展开拳头。”可知，第二段可描写作者原谅了弟弟，一起完成汽车喷漆的过程。
2.续写线索：发火——弟弟解释——回想到德克斯特的行为——原谅弟弟——一起完成汽车模型喷漆
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①理解，明白：dawn on /understand
②.计划：plan to do/intend to do
③. 相处得很好：get on well with/get along with
情绪类
①.大喊：yell/shout
②.害怕的：frightened/ scared
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. What came into his sight was an ugly red car, which really annoyed him.(由what引导的主语从句，which引导的非限定性定语从句)
[高分句型2]. No sooner had they painted the unique car than their Mum called them to have dinner.(运用部分倒装句型)
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Volunteer Zambia
Volunteer Zambia is a unique international sport programme run by the Wallace Group — a cooperation between leading UK “sport” universities — to primarily support and work with the leading Zambian sports Non-Governmental Organization, Sport in Action. The project is committed to the sustainable practice of both sport and international development.
Every year Durham University sends students out to Zambia for 8 weeks between June and September. Volunteers work with Zambian volunteer coaches to deliver sustainable sport opportunities for young people in their community, particularly women and girls.
The roles include:
— Football Development Officer
— Basketball Development Officer
— Media, Marketing and Communications Officer
— Enterprise Development Officer
Please email georgia.m.donohue@durham.ac.uk or community. engagement@durham.ac.uk for more information about any of the roles.
When can I apply
Applications typically open September/October for the following year’s travel. Find us at freshers fair, or email volunteerzambia.du@durham.ac.uk if you are interested in applying.
APPLICATIONS FOR 2025 TRAVEL ARE OPEN!
Applications close: 25th November 2024 for sport development and 21st December 2024 for business enterprise. 28th November for media, marketing and communications.
Interested in fundraising for Sport in Action
In addition to being an active member of the Volunteer Zambia Project, Durham University is devoted to fundraising for Sport in Action Zambia. Every year Team Durham clubs contribute to raising over 10,000 for it.
If you are interested in hosting a fundraising event for Sport in Action, please email sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk to find out how you can do this.
1．What is an aim of Volunteer Zambia
A．To expand the Wallace Group. B．To advertise UK “sport” universities.
C．To promote Zambian sport development. D．To sponsor the youth of Durham University.
2．When can you submit your application for the role of Basketball Development Officer
A．Nov. 24, 2024. B．Nov. 28, 2024.
C．Dec. 21, 2024. D．Dec. 25, 2024.
3．Which email account can you turn to for the fundraising information
A．volunteerzambia.du@durham.ac.uk B．georgia.m.donohue@durham.ac.uk
C．sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk D．community.engagement@durham.ac.uk
18 years ago, a 14-year-old boy from Kasungu district in Malawi was forced to drop out of school for lack of fees. At the same time, a severe famine was destroying his village, claiming people’s lives and leaving desperation in its wake.
This was a situation to break the strongest of minds but William Kamkwamba did not give up. Young as he was, he knew that education was where his future lay. He found hope in the library and feasted on the knowledge that he harvested from its books. It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind. The youngster realized that, if mastered, this power could help his village in exceptional ways.
Armed with determination and an iron will, the teenager set out to build a windmill out of random materials from a scrapyard (垃圾场). Though his outside world was collapsing to dust, the youngster did not hesitate about his purpose. He defended himself from all doubt and criticism. He worked tirelessly until his dream of bringing electricity to his village became reality. Soon, he was caught in the center of media attention that took him to new places that he would never have stepped on without his invention.
In his village, the dust has not settled yet and the winds of change continue to blow across the land. Windmills pump water to irrigate crops, sweeping away another period of hunger. William’s former primary school boasts new and stronger buildings, thanks to the help of well-wishers and the villagers’ united efforts.
What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune is set in stone. William refused to be a school drop-out forever. He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough. He was able to rise above poverty to become a graduate from one of America’s best universities, Dartmouth College.
4．What inspired William to bring electricity to his village
A．His realization of the impact of electricity. B．His awareness of the role of education.
C．The science textbook entitled Using Energy. D．The severe famine destroying his village.
5．What can we learn from paragraph 3
A．All people didn’t support William’s dream at first.
B．The public had little interest in William’s invention.
C．The invention enabled William to make a big fortune.
D．The windmill is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.
6．What does the underlined words “set in stone”in the last paragraph mean
A．Visible. B．Avoidable. C．Unchangeable. D．Unpredictable.
7．What message does the author want to convey in this story
A．Knowledge feasts mind and education promises wealth.
B．Necessity inspires invention and hardship makes heroes.
C．Criticism promotes success and doubt facilitates creation.
D．Adversity motivates inspiration and support pushes solutions.
Imagine you’re cooking potatoes for breakfast. First, you’d remove the potatoes from their plastic bag. Then, you might chop them on a plastic cutting board. Next, you’d probably cook them in a nonstick pan. All the removing, chopping and overheating of nonstick pans can add 2.3 million microplastics to your food.
Besides food, the air and water in your home is full of microplastics. Smaller than a grain of salt, we interact with them more than we might realize. Humans breathe in about 22,000,000 microplastics annually. As a result, microplastics have been detected in our blood and lungs. We’re only just beginning to understand the effect of microplastics on human health — but research suggests we should concern more.
A groundbreaking new study shows how the presence of microplastics in arteries (动脉血管) is linked to a greater risk of heart attack and death. When microplastics build up in arteries, the thicker blood vessel (血管) walls reduce blood flow to parts of the body. This study will inspire more research into what other organs plastic may be damaging, such as the brain, or stomach.
Microplastics may be inescapable, but with simple swaps and fixes, you can reduce the amount of microplastics you encounter in your own home. Carry your own reusable bags and avoid buying food that comes in much plastic packaging. When heating food, use stainless steel instead of nonstick pans. Another way to limit your exposure is to filter (过滤) your tap water to reduce plastic fibers in the tap water.
Ultimately, plastic manufacturers and the companies that sell their products are responsible for the high volume of plastic waste in our environments, and significantly reducing that plastic — and the microplastics that come with it — will have to be at the policy level nationwide and worldwide.
8．What does the author try to convey by telling the cooking story
A．Microplastics directly lead to diseases.
B．Nonstick pans are free of microplastics.
C．We consumed microplastics unknowingly.
D．Cooking is to blame for making microplastics.
9．How do microplastics affect our body according to the new study
A．By damaging our brain. B．By slowing blood flow.
C．By thickening our lungs. D．By causing stomachache.
10．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．Tips for people to cut microplastics.
B．Proof of microplastics in our homes.
C．Presence of microplastics in packaging.
D．Exposure to microplastics via tap water.
11．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Plastic waste comes from microplastics on earth.
B．The amount of plastic waste is significantly large.
C．Relevant regulations are vital to contain plastic use.
D．Plastic makers and buyers answer for plastic waste.
Imagine journeying down the highway when you notice your fuel tank running low. Your GPS indicates 10 gas stations. Naturally, you want the cheapest option. You pass the first handful and observe their prices before approaching one with a seemingly good deal. Do you stop, without knowing how sweet the bargains could get up the road Or do you continue exploring and risk regret for rejecting the bird in hand How do you decide when to explore further and when to decide on a choice
As a fascinating recent Big Think article explains in detail, no matter what choice you’ re making, mathematicians claim the 37 percent rule applies. Spend the first 37 percent of your decision-making process gathering information and committing to nothing. After that, choose the next option that comes along that’s better than everything you’ve seen before. This rule gives you the highest probability of making the superior choice.
Applying this precise rule will simplify messy reality. If you’ve given yourself a month to hunt for a most comfortable apartment, the 37 percent rule suggests you spend the first third or so of that surveying the market and making no decisions. If you’re hiring an assistant and plan to interview 10 candidates, let the first three go by. Then choose the next person who beats that first bunch.
What if an absolutely brilliant candidate just happens to be the first one you come across Following this rule might end up complaining and wondering, “What if ” It is true that matters of the heart aren’t logical, and this rule only maximizes probabilities. It doesn’t guarantee success. So if lightning strikes or the angels sing and you’ re absolutely sure you’ve found the perfect match for you, don’t let inflexible rules stand in the way.
But even if it’s unwise to blindly follow the 37 percent rule in every instance, that doesn’t make it unhelpful. Spending roughly the first third of your decision-making process gathering information can help you resist fear of missing out. Knowing that you should secure the first candidate who beats the options you previously explored can help you gather the courage to make decisions.
12．What does the underlined phrase “the bird in hand” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．A sweeter bargain ahead. B．The first GPS recommendation.
C．The previous cheaper gas station. D．A more suitable route on the journey.
13．Which of the following is an example of the 37 percent rule
A．Choosing the 1st from 100. B．Choosing the 36th from 100.
C．Choosing the 37th from 100. D．Choosing the 38th from 100.
14．What is the writing purpose of paragraph 4
A．To offer a reminder. B．To give an example.
C．To prove a conclusion. D．To make an assumption.
15．How does the 37 percent rule benefit us
A．It boosts our self-confidence. B．It enhances our ability to analyze data.
C．It strengthens our links with the society. D．It improves our decision-making efficiency.
Green roofs have been around for thousands of years, long before modern housing was developed. From the simple grass-covered roofs above caves to the famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon, they remained an important part of architecture. 16 They bring enormous environmental benefits and offer solutions to some pressing ecological challenges of our time.
In the design of a green roof, there are key factors that count. The first step is to install (安装) a protective layer over the roof to prevent water damage. 17 It’s essential to choose high-quality materials, as once the green roof is completed and the building is in use, replacing the protective layer becomes difficult and expensive.
Next, a drainage (排水) layer, which is often made of pebbles or a special mat, is placed on top. It helps water flow off the roof instead of pooling on it. Then, a growing medium, like soil or other similar materials, is spread over the drainage layer. 18
Now it’s time to choose plants for the roof. Some plants have shallow root systems and don’t need much water. 19 Sedum and chives are good examples of such plants. They are not only water-efficient but tough and long-lasting.
20 It’s important to think about your budget. On average, it costs $25 to $30 per square foot to install a green roof. This doesn’t include the cost of installing or repairing the normal roof underneath. And there is labour cost to cover. If a traditional roof costs $30 per square foot, installing a green roof could easily double that expense.
A．This is where the plants will grow.
B．However, green roofs come at a high cost.
C．Today, green roofs are gaining more attention.
D．These features make them ideal for green roofs.
E．As a result, they led to the popularity of green roofs.
F．Green roof materials can range from grass to solar panels.
G．The layer also stops plant roots growing into the roof structure.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
On the night of the speech contest, I was worried about the shy girl. My heart 21 when I knew the boy on stage previous to her, 22 , was fairly successful with his humor and personal style. The whole audience burst out a wave of 23 almost every 30 seconds.
My palms (手掌) began to 24 . It was the first time that she had been on the stage, so I couldn’t blame her for any 25 . The strong spotlight made her so insignificant that nobody 26 she had been on the stage.
But the moment that 27 me occurred. I clearly heard a 28 voice, “Now, your 29 , please!” The whole audience fell quiet. Small and thin as the girl appeared, the 30 look on her face instantly caught everyone’s eyes. Then her speech was on, logical and well-organized. Words of power 31 freely out of the girl like magic. When her speech 32 , a thunderous applause sounded from the audience. When the competition was concluding, all of us waited 33 for the winner’s name to be called. Tears of joy 34 my vision when the host announced she won first prize. Holding the medal tightly, she gave me a brilliant smile. I 35 her into my arms, too excited to say any words.
21．A．beat B．sank C．lost D．broke
22．A．sure enough B．worse still C．above all D．in addition
23．A．crying B．warning C．clapping D．screaming
24．A．sweat B．tremble C．change D．turn
25．A．try B．pose C．guess D．slip
26．A．thought B．admitted C．ignored D．noticed
27．A．confused B．interested C．surprised D．challenged
28．A．loud B．weak C．tight D．low
29．A．support B．attention C．vote D．silence
30．A．determined B．puzzled C．relaxed D．bored
31．A．crowded B．hurried C．bounced D．flowed
32．A．started B．ended C．progressed D．rested
33．A．sincerely B．easily C．wildly D．eagerly
34．A．misted B．hid C．prevented D．shaded
35．A．pushed B．threw C．pulled D．lifted
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Therapy dogs are dogs that are trained to give comfort to people in unfortunate situations. The story of the first therapy dog is very interesting. During World War Ⅱ, a soldier named William Wynne found an 36 (abandon) dog on the battlefield (战场). He became 37 (friend) with the dog and named it Smoky. When William became very ill and entered a hospital, his friends frequently brought Smoky to visit him, 38 made it become so popular with the other sick soldiers in the hospital that it was allowed to stay. The doctors in the hospital used Smoky to help cheer op the patients. After the war ended, Smoky continued to work 39 a therapy dog in the United States.
In the 1970s, Elaine Smith, 40 American nurse, started a program to train therapy dogs. Smith noticed patients in hospitals seemed to recover (康复) much 41 (fast) when dogs had been around. 42 amazed doctors and nurses was that having animals visit hospitals helped lower stress and blood pressure among patients. In the 1980s and 1990s, other animals also started to help the sick.
Today, therapy pets 43 (use) to help many different people with problems. For example, they help children with reading difficulties by 44 (provide) an audience that won’t belittle (轻视) them. Some therapy pets can work along with the patient and the doctor in an effort 45 (help) people learn to walk again after a serious injury.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动。请你写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品，内容包括：
1. 作品描述；
2. 创作缘由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear classmates,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Carter enjoyed riding the school bus home. The ride home gave him some time to relax after a busy day of fifth grade. He usually sat alone and enjoyed that too. With four siblings (兄妹) he didn't get much time alone. Sometimes he sat with his younger brother, Jackson, but Jackson was sick at home today.
The bus stopped and the tallest boy in his class, Dexter, stepped off followed by his younger brother, Billy. As the bus pulled away, Carter looked back over his shoulder to watch the boys. Dexter was yelling and waving his hands at his little brother. Billy said something Carter could not hear. Dexter yelled, gave his younger brother a hard shove and knocked him to the ground. Billy was on the ground wiping at his eyes, but Dexter walked away.
Carter turned in his seat, feeling disgusted. He hated seeing little kids get picked on (欺负).The sight of Billy on the ground crying was burned into his memory. He tried to think of something else.
He thought of the model car he was working on at home, a 1967 Corvette. He started building it over a week ago and just finished putting it together last night. Tonight, as soon as he finished his homework, he could start painting the car. That was his favorite part. He already had the perfect color of blue picked out.
He hurried off the bus, ran through his yard, and breezed through the kitchen with a quick hello to his mom. She was making spaghetti, which smelled delicious. He ran up the stairs two at a time and rushed into his room.
“Surprise!” his brother Jackson said, throwing his arms into the air. "What are you doing in my room I thought you were sick!”
“I feel better!”
"What's on your face Are you bleeding "
"No! I'm not bleeding." Jackson wiped at his face, probably just paint. Look! Look what I did!” He pointed at the desk in the comer of Carter's room.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1
Carter looked down at his desk in horror
Paragraph 2
Carter took a deep breath and then unfolded his fist.
参考答案
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Volunteer Zambia这一国际体育项目，包括项目的发起方、目的、每年杜伦大学派送学生参与的情况、项目所包含的具体角色、申请时间及对应的截止日期，以及杜伦大学为赞比亚的Sport in Action组织筹款相关事宜。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Volunteer Zambia is a unique international sport programme run by the Wallace Group — a cooperation between leading UK “sport” universities — to primarily support and work with the leading Zambian sports Non-Governmental Organization, Sport in Action. The project is committed to the sustainable practice of both sport and international development. (‘志愿者赞比亚’是一个独特的国际体育项目，由华莱士集团（Wallace Group）运营，由英国顶尖的‘体育’大学合作，主要支持并与赞比亚领先的体育非政府组织sport in Action合作。该项目致力于体育和国际发展的可持续实践。)”可知，Volunteer Zambia的目标是促进赞比亚体育发展，故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据小标题“When can I apply ”下的“Applications close: 25th November 2024 for sport development and 21st December 2024 for business enterprise. 28th November for media, marketing and communications. (申请截止日期：体育发展2024年11月25日，商业企业2024年12月21日。11月28日，媒体、营销和传播。)”可知，篮球发展专员属于体育发展类角色，其申请截止时间是2024年11月25日，所以应在该日期前提交申请，故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you are interested in hosting a fundraising event for Sport in Action, please email sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk to find out how you can do this. (如果你有兴趣为Sport in Action举办筹款活动，请发送电子邮件至sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk了解如何执行此操作。)”可知，如果想了解筹款信息，应该发邮件到sportinaction.zambia@durham.ac.uk，故选C项。
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了少年William Kamkwamba通过废品改造，把村里通电的梦想成为现实。风车抽水灌溉庄稼，缓解了当地的饥荒。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind. The youngster realized that, if mastered, this power could help his village in exceptional ways.(在那里，他看到了一本名为《使用能源》的科学教科书。他了解到他可以利用风发电。这个年轻人意识到，如果掌握了这种力量，他可以以不同寻常的方式帮助他的村庄)”可知，科学教科书《使用能源》激励威廉把电带到他的村庄。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“He defended himself from all doubt and criticism.(他为自己辩护，不受任何怀疑和批评)”可知，起初并不是所有人都支持威廉的梦想。故选A。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune”以及后文“He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough.(他为自己的问题寻求解决方案，即使情况变得艰难，他也会继续战斗)”可知，一个看似绝望的情况已经变成了一个鼓舞人心的故事，说明没有什么不幸是一成不变的，故划线词意思是“不变的”。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune is set in stone. William refused to be a school drop-out forever. He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough. He was able to rise above poverty to become a graduate from one of America’s best universities, Dartmouth College.(一个看似绝望的情况已经变成了一个鼓舞人心的故事，激励着我们每一个人，让我们相信没有什么不幸是一成不变的。威廉拒绝永远做一个辍学者。他为自己的问题寻求解决方案，即使情况变得艰难，他也会继续战斗。他能够摆脱贫困，成为美国最好的大学之一达特茅斯学院的毕业生)”结合文章主要讲述了少年William Kamkwamba通过废品改造，把村里通电的梦想成为现实。风车抽水灌溉庄稼，缓解了当地的饥荒。可知，作者想在这个故事中表达需要激发发明，困难造就英雄。故选B。
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．A 11．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了微塑料对人类健康的影响，包括其在食物、空气和水中的普遍存在，以及可能对人体器官如心脏造成的危害，并提出了一些减少微塑料暴露的建议。
【解析】8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Imagine you’re cooking potatoes for breakfast. First, you’d remove the potatoes from their plastic bag. Then, you might chop them on a plastic cutting board. Next, you’d probably cook them in a nonstick pan. All the removing, chopping and overheating of nonstick pans can add 2.3 million microplastics to your food.(想象一下你在早餐时煮土豆。首先，你会从塑料袋里拿出土豆。然后，你可能会在塑料砧板上切它们。接下来，你可能会在不粘锅里煮它们。所有去除、切割和加热不粘锅的动作可能会给你的食物增加230万微塑料颗粒)”可推知，作者试图通过讲述烹饪故事来传达我们在不知情的情况下摄入了微塑料。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A groundbreaking new study shows how the presence of microplastics in arteries (动脉血管) is linked to a greater risk of heart attack and death. When microplastics build up in arteries, the thicker blood vessel (血管) walls reduce blood flow to parts of the body.(一项开创性的新研究表明，动脉中微塑料的存在与心脏病发作和死亡风险增加有关。当微塑料在动脉中积聚时，更厚的血管壁会减少流向身体各部位的血液)”可知，微塑料通过减缓血流来影响我们的身体。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Microplastics may be inescapable, but with simple swaps and fixes, you can reduce the amount of microplastics you encounter in your own home. Carry your own reusable bags and avoid buying food that comes in much plastic packaging. When heating food, use stainless steel instead of nonstick pans. Another way to limit your exposure is to filter (过滤) your tap water to reduce plastic fibers in the tap water.(微塑料可能是无法避免的，但通过简单的替换和修复，你可以减少在自己家中接触到的微塑料的数量。带上你自己的可重复使用的袋子，避免购买包装有大量塑料的食品。加热食物时，使用不锈钢而不是不粘锅。另一种限制暴露的方法是过滤你的自来水以减少自来水中的塑料纤维)”可知，本段主要提供了减少在家中接触微塑料的建议，包括使用可重复使用的袋子、避免购买塑料包装的食品、使用不锈钢锅加热食物以及过滤自来水等。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ultimately, plastic manufacturers and the companies that sell their products are responsible for the high volume of plastic waste in our environments, and significantly reducing that plastic — and the microplastics that come with it — will have to be at the policy level nationwide and worldwide.(最终，塑料制造商和销售其产品的公司对我们环境中大量的塑料垃圾负有责任，要在全国范围内和全球范围内大大减少这种塑料——以及随之而来的微塑料——将必须在政策层面进行)”可知，塑料制造商和销售产品的公司对塑料垃圾负有责任，并强调了在全国范围内和全球范围内通过政策层面减少塑料和微塑料的重要性。由此推知，相关法规对控制塑料使用至关重要。故选C。
【答案】12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕数学家提出的“37%规则”在决策过程中的应用、局限及益处。
【解析】12．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“You pass the first handful and observe their prices before approaching one with a seemingly good deal. Do you stop, without knowing how sweet the bargains could get up the road Or do you continue exploring and risk regret for rejecting the bird in hand (你路过第一批商品，观察它们的价格，然后接近一个看似很划算的商品。你会在不知道前面可能会有更划算的交易的情况下停下来吗？还是你会继续探索，冒着因拒绝the bird in hand而后悔的风险呢？)”可知，这里指的就是已经路过且看起来价格还可以的那些加油站。由此可知，划线词组the bird in hand指的是之前遇到的相对较便宜的加油站。故填C项。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Spend the first 37 percent of your decision-making process gathering information and committing to nothing. After that, choose the next option that comes along that’s better than everything you’ve seen before. (将决策过程的前37%用于收集信息，什么都不做。之后，选择下一个出现的选项，它比你以前见过的一切都要好)”可知，如果总共有100个选项，37%就是37个，也就是先观察前37个选项不做选择，接下来遇到比前面37个都好的那个选项就是要选的，那就是第38个。故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段“What if an absolutely brilliant candidate just happens to be the first one you come across Following this rule might end up complaining and wondering, “What if ” It is true that matters of the heart aren’t logical, and this rule only maximizes probabilities. It doesn’t guarantee success. So if lightning strikes or the angels sing and you’ re absolutely sure you’ve found the perfect match for you, don’t let inflexible rules stand in the way. (如果一个绝对聪明的候选人恰好是你遇到的第一个人怎么办？遵循这条规则可能最终会抱怨和想知道，“如果呢？”诚然，心事不合逻辑，这条规则只会使概率最大化。它并不能保证成功。因此，如果雷击或天使歌唱，并且你绝对确定自己已经找到了最适合你的人选，请不要让僵化的规则成为阻碍)”可知，37%规则虽然有用，但不是绝对的，所以读者在特殊情况下要根据实际情况灵活判断，不要盲目遵循规则。由此推知，第四段的目的是提供一个提醒。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Spending roughly the first third of your decision-making process gathering information can help you resist fear of missing out. Knowing that you should secure the first candidate who beats the options you previously explored can help you gather the courage to make decisions. (在决策过程的前三分之一左右时间收集信息可以帮助你抵制对错过的恐惧。知道你应该确保第一个击败你之前探索过的选项的候选人可以帮助你鼓起勇气做出决定)”可知，按照37%规则，花决策过程的前一部分时间收集信息能帮助我们抵抗错失良机的恐惧，知道何时根据规则做选择能帮助我们鼓起勇气做决策，总体上这些都有助于我们更有效地做出决策。由此推知，37%规则提高了我们的决策效率。故选D项。
【答案】16．C 17．G 18．A 19．D 20．B
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处及它的建造过程。
【解析】16．根据下文“They bring enormous environmental benefits and offer solutions to some pressing ecological challenges of our time. (它们带来了巨大的环境效益，并为我们这个时代一些紧迫的生态挑战提供了解决方案。)”可知，绿色屋顶给现代生活带来的好处，C项“如今，绿色屋顶越来越受到人们的关注。”能够引起下文，介绍人们关注绿色屋顶的原因，因为它们来了巨大的环境效益。故选C。
17．根据上文“The first step is to install (安装) a protective layer over the roof to prevent water damage. (第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层，以防止水损坏。)”可知，上文告诉我们绿色屋顶的第一步是在屋顶上安装保护层，以防止水损坏，G项“该层还可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。”能够承接上文，介绍了安装保护层的另一个原因，可以阻止植物根系生长到屋顶结构中。故选G。
18．根据上文“Then, a growing medium, like soil or other similar materials, is spread over the drainage layer. (然后，将土壤或其他类似材料等生长介质铺在排水层上。)”可知，上文告诉我们要在排水层上铺生长介质，A项“这是植物生长的地方。”能够承接上文，土壤或其他类似材料等生长介质是植物生长的地方。故选A。
19．根据上文“Now it’s time to choose plants for the roof. Some plants have shallow root systems and don’t need much water. (现在是时候为屋顶选择植物了。有些植物根系较浅，不需要太多的水。)”可知，上文告诉我们为屋顶选择植物时，可以选择根系较浅，不需要太多的水的植物，D项“这些特性使其成为绿色屋顶的理想选择。”能够承接上文，说明根系较浅，不需要太多的水的植物是绿色屋顶的理想选择。故选D。
20．根据下文“t’s important to think about your budget. On average, it costs $25 to $30 per square foot to install a green roof. (考虑一下你的预算很重要。平均而言，安装绿色屋顶的成本为每平方英尺25至30美元。)”可知，安装绿色屋顶价格不菲，B项“然而，绿色屋顶的成本很高。”能够引起下文，下文具体介绍了绿色屋顶的高成本。故选B。
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．D 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述害羞的小女孩第一次上台演讲比赛，作者非常担心，结果令他非常震惊，小女孩非常坚定并表演成功，获得胜利，让作者感到非常激动。
【解析】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我知道在她之前台上的那个男孩凭借他的幽默和个人风格相当成功时，我的心沉了下去。A. beat击打；B. sank下沉；C. lost丢失；D. broke破碎。根据上文“On the night of the speech contest, I was worried about the shy girl.”可知作者更担心了，所以心沉了下去，故选B。
22．考查短语辨析。句意：同上。A. sure enough果然；B. worse still更糟；C. above all更重要的是；D. in addition此外。根据“was fairly successful with his humor and personal style”可知小男孩的演讲的确优秀，故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：全场几乎每隔30秒就爆发出一阵掌声。A. crying哭泣；B. warning警告；C. clapping鼓掌；D. screaming尖叫。根据上文“when I knew the boy on stage previous to her, 2 , was fairly successful with his humor and personal style.”可知小男孩演讲很精彩，观众总给他鼓掌，故选C。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手掌开始出汗。A. sweat出汗；B. tremble颤抖；C. change改变；D. turn转向。根据下文“It was the first time that she had been on the stage”可知小女孩第一次上台作者很担心，所以手掌开始出汗，故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是她第一次登台，所以我不能因为任何差错责怪她。A. try尝试；B. pose姿势；C. guess猜测；D. slip差错。根据上文“It was the first time that she had been on the stage”可知这是她的第一次登台，所以作者不能因为任何差错责怪她，故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：强烈的聚光灯使她显得无足轻重，没有人注意到她已经站在舞台上。A. thought想；B. admitted承认；C. ignored忽视；D. noticed注意。根据上文“The strong spotlight made her so insignificant”聚光灯太亮，把小女孩显得无足轻重，所以没人注意到她，故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但令我惊讶的一幕发生了。A. confused使困惑；B. interested使感兴趣；C. surprised使惊讶；D. challenged使受到挑战。根据下文“ Then her speech was on, logical and well-organized.”可知小女孩演讲很成功，所以让我感到惊讶，故选C。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地听到一个响亮的声音:“现在，请注意!”A. loud大声的；B. weak软弱的；C. tight紧的；D. low低的。根据上文“I clearly heard”可知是声音很大，故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. support支持；B. attention注意；C. vote投票；D. silence沉默。根据下文“The whole audience fell quiet”可知这里应该是主持人让大家注意听，故选B。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩看起来又小又瘦，但她脸上坚定的表情立刻吸引了所有人的目光。A. determined意志坚定的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. relaxed放松的；D. bored烦恼的。根据上文“Small and thin as the girl appeared”可知是让步状语从句，所以小女孩虽然看起来又小又瘦，但脸上的表情是坚定的，故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：充满力量的话语像魔法一样从女孩嘴里自由地流出。A. crowded拥挤；B. hurried匆忙地走；C. bounced弹起；D. flowed留出。根据上文“freely out of the girl like magic”可知应是自由地流出，故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她的演讲结束时，听众中响起了雷鸣般的掌声。A. started开始；B. ended结束；C. progressed进步；D. rested休息。根据“a thunderous applause sounded from the audience”和常识可知是小女孩演讲结束时，听众中响起了雷鸣般的掌声，故选B。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当比赛结束时，我们都急切地等待着宣布获胜者的名字。A. sincerely真诚地；B. easily容易地；C. wildly野蛮地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文“for the winner’s name to be called.”可知比赛结束时，大家都急切地等着获胜者的名字，故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当主持人宣布她获得一等奖时，喜悦的泪水模糊了我的视线。A. misted使……蒙上水汽；B. hid隐藏；C. prevented阻止；D. shaded遮蔽。根据上文“Tears of joy”可知使泪水模糊了作者的视线，故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她搂在怀里，激动得说不出话来。A. pushed推；B. threw扔；C. pulled拉；D. lifted举起。根据下文“her into my arms”可知是作者把小女孩拉进怀里，故选C。
【答案】
36．abandoned 37．friends 38．which 39．as 40．an 41．faster 42．What 43．are used 44．providing 45．to help
【分析】本篇是一篇说明文。说明一种狗，治疗犬，可以接受训练，辅助治疗患者。
【解析】36．考查过去分词。句意：二战期间，一名叫威廉 魏恩的士兵在战场上发现了一只遗弃的狗。abandon修饰名词作定语， 与dog构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填abandoned。
37．考查名词。句意：他成为了狗的朋友，并把它命名为Smoky。friend为可数名词，应加s变为复数形式。故填friends。
38．考查定语从句。句意：当威廉病得很严重，进了医院时，他的朋友们经常带Smoky去拜访他，这使得Smoky在医院里受到其他生病士兵的如此欢迎，以至于被允许入住。分析句子可知空后为非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子，故填which。
39．考查介词。句意：战争结束后，Smoky继续在美国作为治疗犬工作。作为某种身份时，用介词as，故填as。
40．考查冠词。句意：20世纪70年代，美国护士Elaine Smith开始了训练治疗犬的计划。这里nurse是单数，非特指，并且修饰词American为元音音素开始，故填an。
41．考查副词比较级。句意：史密斯注意到，当狗在附近时，医院的病人似乎恢复得更快。根据句意，这里是恢复更快，应用比较级，fast的比较级faster，故填faster。
42．考查主语从句。句意：令医生和护士惊讶的是，让动物去医院帮助降低了患者的压力和血压。分析句子可知主语是句子，即主语从句，从句中缺少主语，并指代内容，故填what。
43．考查时态和语态。句意：如今，治疗宠物被用来帮助许多不同的人解决问题。时间状语today，故时态用一般现在时，主语therapy pets和谓语use是被动关系，故填are used。
44．考查动名词。句意：例如，他们通过提供不会轻视他们的观众，帮助儿童解决阅读困难。by为介词后面应加动名词，故填providing。
45．考查不定式。句意：例如，一些治疗犬可以与患者和医生一起工作，以帮助患者在严重受伤后再次学会走路。to help在这里做目的状语，故填to help。
46．【答案】范文1
Dear classmates,
I’m honored to share our handicraft work with you. It’s a delicate paper-cut artwork in the shape of a Chinese zodiac rabbit. We cut out the rabbit’s vivid outline and added intricate patterns like flowers and lucky knots.
We chose to make it because the rabbit symbolizes good luck and vitality in Chinese culture. Also, paper-cutting is a traditional art form that we hope to promote. Through this work, we not only had fun but also deepened our understanding of our cultural heritage. That’s all. Thank you!
范文2
Dear classmates,
I’m delighted to stand here and share our handicraft work with you on behalf of our group. Our creation is a set of delicate paper-cut lanterns. Each lantern is meticulously crafted with vivid patterns, such as traditional Chinese flowers and auspicious animals, which are cut out with great precision.
We made these lanterns mainly because we wanted to preserve and promote traditional Chinese culture. Paper-cutting is a time-honored folk art in China, and lanterns symbolize joy and good fortune in our cultural traditions. By making paper-cut lanterns, we not only got a chance to practice traditional handicrafts but also aimed to spread the beauty of Chinese culture among our classmates.
That’s all for my introduction. Thank you!
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你班英语课开展“手工制作丰富生活(Handicrafting Enriches Life)”为主题的项目学习活动写一篇发言稿，代表小组介绍你们的作品。内容包括：作品描述和创作缘由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
生动的：vivid→lifelike
代表： symbolize→standing for
机会： chance→opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted to stand here and share our handicraft work with you on behalf of our group.
拓展句：I’m delighted that I can stand here and share our handicraft work with you on behalf of our group.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Each lantern is meticulously crafted with vivid patterns, such as traditional Chinese flowers and auspicious animals, which are cut out with great precision.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】By making paper-cut lanterns, we not only got a chance to practice traditional handicrafts but also aimed to spread the beauty of Chinese culture among our classmates.（运用了并列连词not only...but also）
47．【答案】Carter looked down at his desk in horror. What came into his sight was an ugly red car, which really annoyed him. Eyes narrowed and fists clenched, Carter could feel a blaze of flame fueling inside him. “What have you done to my car ” he yelled loudly. Frightened by the loud voice of his brother, Jackson drooped his head, murmured, “I just wanted to give you a surprise!” It suddenly dawned on Carter that what he did just now was just like Dexter’s action on the bus.
Carter took a deep breath and then unfolded his fist. Letting out a sigh of regret, he apologized to his brother sincerely, “I'm sorry for doing that, but I had planned to paint it blue.” Hearing this, Jackson beamed and embraced Carter tightly, paint it together! No sooner had they painted the unique car than their Mum called them to have dinner. The breeze wafted their face with delicious smell of the spaghetti and warmed the brothers’ hearts. There was no denying that siblings should get on well by being more tolerant of each other.
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了卡特在坐校车回家的途中，看到德克斯特欺负他的弟弟比利，这让卡特很反感。回家后，卡特急不可待的回到自己的房间，要给自己做的汽车模型喷漆。结果发现自己的弟弟把自己的汽车模型喷漆了，而且很难看。最后，卡特原谅了弟弟，并一起完成模型喷漆。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“卡特惊恐地低头看着自己的桌子。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现自己的汽车模型被弄糟了后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“卡特深吸了一口气，然后展开拳头。”可知，第二段可描写作者原谅了弟弟，一起完成汽车喷漆的过程。
2.续写线索：发火——弟弟解释——回想到德克斯特的行为——原谅弟弟——一起完成汽车模型喷漆
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①理解，明白：dawn on /understand
②.计划：plan to do/intend to do
③. 相处得很好：get on well with/get along with
情绪类
①.大喊：yell/shout
②.害怕的：frightened/ scared
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. What came into his sight was an ugly red car, which really annoyed him.(由what引导的主语从句，which引导的非限定性定语从句)
[高分句型2]. No sooner had they painted the unique car than their Mum called them to have dinner.(运用部分倒装句型)
同课章节目录