天津市新华中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷（含解析）
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天津市新华中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题
一、单项选择（本大题共20小题）
1．一How do you find the concert in the Beijing Grand Theatre last night？
一_____________, but the conductor was prefect．
A．I couldn`t agree more B．I don`t think much of it
C．l was crazy about it D．I really like it
2．It is widely ________that advanced technology has made a lasting impact on our daily life.
A．posed B．recalled C．liberated D．acknowledged
3．At last the soldiers reached ________ the locals called the Golden Triangle.
A．that B．where C．when D．what
4．Every boy and every girl as well as some teachers who________to visit the museum________asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning.
A．are; are B．are; is C．is; is D．is; are
5．This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, ________.
A．how much may it cost B．no matter how it may cost
C．however much it may cost D．how may it cost
6．Much to my surprise, the two cars are so ________ in appearance that I can’t distinguish them apart.
A．identical B．prosperous C．timid D．immense
7．Dina, __________for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A．struggling B．struggled C．having struggled D．to struggle
8．If my experience is any ________, young people should find what they are passionate about and understand that only with patience can they realize their value.
A．indication B．conference C．reference D．defect
9．I hope to set up our company in will be a promising land, a place is full of opportunities.
A．where, where B．where, that C．what, where D．what, that
10．No matter how frequently ________, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
A．performed B．performing
C．to be performed D．being performed
11．Our main ________ for the project is to increase sales by 20 percent within next month.
A．comprehension B．torture C．celebrity D．objective
12．The chief manager has decided to put ________ he thinks is energetic, clever in the position of the leadership of the company.
A．those who B．anyone C．whomever D．whoever
13．Nobody but you ________ able to persuade him to give up that stupid plan.
A．are B．were C．is D．can be
14．He stressed that the ________ effort of the team led to the discovery of the new substance.
A．obsessive B．collective C．relevant D．precious
15．Teenagers their health because they play computer games too much.
A．have damaged B．are damaging C．damaged D．will damage
16．It is a wise idea to ________ your essay to make it more perfect before handling it in to the professor.
A．exclaim B．overlook C．polish D．dominate
17．—What a pity! Nothing seems to be going my way.
—________, Susan. You are killing yourself for all the work.
A．Take it easy B．Go right ahead
C．You deserve it D．Have great fun
18．A company________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A．whose B．who C．which D．what
19．The lawyer is known for his formal style and seldom wears anything other than a suit, ______ the occasion or season.
A．however B．wherever C．whenever D．whatever
20．Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School,where she_______English for a year.
A．studies B．studied
C．is studying D．has been studying
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
Sending an urgent message in a bottle would not typically be considered a sensible strategy. However, it magically 21 for three hikers from California.
In June 2019, for Father^ Day weekend, the Whitsons 22 to go backpacking along central California's Arroyo Seco River. Things went 23 for the first two days. On June 16, Whitson, who was 24 with the area, led the trip to the Arroyo Seco narrows(峡谷).
25 when the hikers reached the waterfall in the narrows, Whitson realized that 26 his previous trip through the area, the water currents were too strong to pass. "My heart 21 when I realized that.” Whitson told CNN. Whitson and his son tried to 28 other routes to get around it, but their efforts proved 22 .
With food running low and no cellphone reception to 30 help, he decided to carve a "GET HELP” message on the side of his water bottle and threw it downstream in the 31 that someone would find it. Then they went back up the river to a small beach to camp out for the night.
Sometime after midnight, the three adventurers were 32 by a welcome sound — a California Highway Patrol helicopter flying overhead. Since it was too dark to conduct a(n) 23 , the officials asked them to stay warm for the night, and 34 to send a team the following day.
Shortly after being 35 on the morning of June 17, 2019, Whitson 24 that two hikers had tripped upon their water bottle and, upon seeing the urgent 37 reported the issue to the officials. Whitson says, "They didn't leave their name or phone number. They just did what was 25 in their heart, and most importantly they took it 26 . Whitson and his family hope the two good hikers will reveal their 40 so that they can express their gratitude in person.
21．A．failed B．worked C．connected D．recommended
22．A．decided B．preferred C．attempted D．happened
23．A．obviously B．unexpectedly C．smoothly D．surprisingly
24．A．familiar B．popular C．content D．busy
25．A．Besides B．Meanwhile C．Moreover D．However
26．A．unlike B．like C．as D．opposite
27．A．beat B．sank C．ached D．broke
28．A．attach B．avoid C．expand D．seek
29．A．priceless B．hopeless C．fruitless D．endless
30．A．call for B．spread out C．beg for D．give away
31．A．challenge B．arrangement C．hope D．satisfaction
32．A．awakened B．disturbed C．annoyed D．greeted
33．A．experiment B．escape C．exploration D．rescue
34．A．regretted B．promised C．chose D．appealed
35．A．picked up B．tried out C．put Forward D．passed down
36．A．believed B．accepted C．predicted D．discovered
37．A．sculpture B．message C．coincidence D．comment
38．A．urgent B．flexible C．right D．possible
39．A．directly B．normally C．seriously D．frequently
40．A．identity B．motivation C．characteristic D．quality
三、阅读理解（本大题共4小题）
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, ”Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish.” I remember being even more upset then because, “I’m not a fish!” I didn’t know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don’t have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes…The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like salespeople.” But it didn’t completely make sense. My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.” What he said was, “You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters.
27．Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine？
A．He could not catch a fish
B．His father was not patient with him
C．His father did not teach him fishing
D．He could not influence a fish as his father did
28．What did the author’s father really mean
A．To read about fish
B．To learn fishing by oneself
C．To understand what fish think
D．To study fishing in many ways
29．According to the author, fish are most likely to be found .
A．in deep water on sunny days
B．in deep water on cloudy days
C．in shallow water under sunlight
D．in shallow water under waterside trees
30．After entering the business world，the author found .
A．it easy to think like a customer
B．his father’s fishing advice inspiring
C．his first boss’s sales ideas reasonable
D．it difficult to sell services to poor people
31．This passage most likely comes from .
A．a fishing guide
B．a popular sales book
C．a novel on childhood
D．a millionaire’s biography
If you exhibit positive characteristics, such as honesty and helpfulness, the chances are that you will be thought as a good-looking person, for a new study has found that the perception (认知) of physical attractiveness is influenced by a person’s personality.
The study, which was led by Gary W. Lewandowski, has found that people who exhibit negative characteristics, such as unfairness and rudeness, appear to be less physically attractive to observers. In the study, the participants viewed photographs of opposite-sex individuals and rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information about their personalities.
After personality information was received, participants also rated the probability of each individual’s becoming a friend and a dating partner. Information on personality was found to significantly change the probability, showing that cognitive (认知的) processes modify (修改) judgments of attractiveness.
“Thinking a person as having a desirable personality makes the person more suitable in general as a close relationship partner of any kind,” said Lewandowski.
The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater expectation of becoming friends, which leads to greater expectation of becoming romantic partners and, finally, to being viewed as more physically attractive. The findings remained consistent regardless of how “attractive” the individual was formerly thought to be or of the participants’ current relationship status.
“This research provides a positive outcome by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness; it can even change people’s impressions of how good-looking you are,” said Lewandowski.
32．In the study the participants were required to ______.
A．try to make friends with each other
B．try to prove positive characters make people more attractive
C．exhibit negative characters such as unfairness and rudeness
D．rate one’s attractiveness by photos before and after knowing her or his personality
33．What’s the CORRECT order of how cognitive processes modify judgments of attractiveness
a. find a person with a positive personality
b. view the person more physically attractive
c. want to make friends with the person
d. want to be his/her romantic partner
A．a→c→d→b B．d→c→b→a C．c→b→a→d D．a→d→c→b
34．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage
A．The research reminds people to pay more attention to the personality.
B．Personality can change people’s impressions of one’s appearance.
C．The judgment of one’s attractiveness always stays unchanged.
D．Positive personality may lead to more friends.
35．The passage is written in a(n)__________ tone.
A．subjective B．objective C．skeptical D．negative
36．Who are the intended readers of this passage
A．People with positive characteristics. B．Good-looking people.
C．People with negative characteristics. D．General people.
Looking for a new weight loss plan？Try living on top of a mountain. Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes，so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy. A handful of studies have found that athletes training at high altitudes tend to lose weight. Doctor Florian Lippl of the University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich wondered how the mountain air would affect overweight individuals if they weren't doing any more physical activity than usual.
Lippl and his colleagues invited 20 overweight men to an environmental research station about 300meters below the summit of Zugspitze，a mountain around 2，970 meters near the Austrian border. They were allowed to eat as much as they liked. The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones linked to appetite and fatness. At the end of the week，the men，whose mean weight starting out was 105kg，had lost on average about l5kg. The men's blood pressure also dropped，which the researchers believed was due to weight lost.
Exactly what caused the weight loss is uncertain. Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes，and indeed the men ate significantly less than usual-about 700 calories fewer per day. Lippl also notes that because their consumption was being recorded，they may have been more self-conscious about what they ate. Regardless，eating less accounts for just I kg of the l5 kg lost，says Lippl. He thinks the increased metabolic（新陈代谢的）rate，which was measured，also contributed to weight loss but cannot separate the different effects with the given data.
Appetite loss at high altitudes could certainly be key，notes Damian Bailey，a physiologist at the University of Glamorgan，UK，who recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile.
Unfortunately，for the average person there is no treatment that can resemble living at high altitude，says Lippl. The only alternative is hypobaric chamber，which exposes subjects to low oxygen and isn't practical as a treatment. He says，half-jokingly，"If fat people plan their holidays，they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain. "
37．What contributes the most to one's heart rates according to the first paragraph
A．our bodyweight
B．the amount of oxygen provided
C．the rates of our breathing
D．the consumption of energy
38．Hormones are tested in the research because they can affect____________
A．one's bodyweight
B．one's blood pressure
C．one's way of living
D．one's metabolic rate
39．What was found about the 20 overweight men in the process of the research
A．They controlled what to eat self-consciously.
B．They lost appetite because of lack of physical activity.
C．They took in much fewer calories than usual.
D．They were provided with a healthier diet than before.
40．Why does Damian Bailey agree with the idea of appetite loss at high altitudes
A．He lost much weight in the high altitude Andes.
B．He found no other reasons for his loss of weight in the Andes.
C．He researched the related subject in the Andes.
D．He experimented with the new weight loss plan in the mountain of Zugspitze.
41．In what manner does Lippl talk about the way of losing weight by spending holidays on mountains
A．casual B．inaccurate
C．uncertain D．confident
Fear is an emotion like others such as happiness, anger, hurt, sadness. We need emotions to process information we receive and decide how to respond. Being afraid of fast cars, for example, is something that might protect us from harm. Being afraid of the consequence of a choice may prevent us getting into trouble.
Fears in young children commonly center on certain animals like snakes or big dogs. Fears are caused often because of experiences or ideas expressed by others, and at times, the media. Many normal fears during the early years, like men with beards,or large dogs, disappear with age. Those relating to personal failure and ridicule from others remain through adulthood and may need special help to overcome.
Children’s fears are often small, but that doesn’t mean they should be dismissed as trivial. They need to be recognized and accepted as real for that child. Only when we help children understand their fears can they grow normally in their ability to settle them.
Research shows that as a child grows up, the center of his fears changes a lot.Things like divorce, a teacher who “shouted at me”, people with guns, bullies, big boys, or “making fun of me” top the list of childhood fears.
We cannot always prevent these experiences from happening, but it is essential that children be allowed to freely express their emotions without judgment. Sympathy and a caring listener will help ease pain of these fears. Read books and stories to your child about children who have experienced similar fears. This helps children talk about their fears and find ways to cope. With all emotions, fears become less of a problem for children as they gain self-confidence and they find that fear is normal and can be dealt with.
42．According to Paragraph 2, we can know that fears in young children ________.
A．only center on frightening animals B．can make sure of their safety
C．are not born but learned D．need special help to deal with
43．The underlined word in Para.3 probably means ________.
A．abnormal B．unacceptable C．imaginary D．not worth considering
44．In dealing with children’s fears, the final goal of the parents is to ________.
A．develop children’s ability to treat their fears on their own
B．let children know about the nature of fear
C．create an environment where there is nothing to fear
D．stop unpleasant experiences happening to children
45．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．children should avoid the media to reduce their fear
B．some childhood fears may have a lasting influence
C．fears can be judged according to the environment
D．children with similar fears can communicate easily
46．What’s the best title for this passage
A．How to Overcome Children’s Fears B．Children’s Fears
C．The Kind of Children’s Fears D．The Bad Effects of Fears
参考答案
1．【答案】B
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：--你认为昨晚北京大剧院的音乐会怎么样 --我觉得不怎么样，但是指挥非常完美。 A.I couldn`t agree more 我完全同意 ；B. I don`t think much of it 我觉得不怎么样；C.l was crazy about it 我很喜欢他； D.I really like it 我非常喜欢它。结合下文，but the conductor was prefect．但是指挥非常完美，but表示转折，前面表达认为不好，故选B。
【点睛】
2．【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为先进技术对我们的日常生活产生了持久的影响。A. posed引起，摆好姿势；B. recalled回忆；C. liberated解放，使自由；D. acknowledged承认。根据“ advanced technology has made a lasting impact on our daily life.”可知，先进技术对我们的日常生活产生了持久的影响是人们承认的普遍看法。故选D。
3．【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：最后，士兵们到达了当地人所说的金三角。空处引导宾语从句，从句the locals called the Golden Triangle中缺宾语，表示“什么”，所以应用连接代词what。故选D项。
4．【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：每一个男孩、每一个女孩，还有一些去参观博物馆的老师们都被要求在早上6:30之前到学校门口。A. are; are是，是；B. are; is是，是；C. is; is是，是；D. is; are是，是。分析句子结构，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词some teachers，先行词为复数形式，故系动词使用are；第二空，as well as表示“和”，连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数要与前边的主语一致，即与every boy and every girl一致，系动词应用is。故选B项。
5．【答案】C
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：这是一本非常令人感兴趣的书，不管它可能花多少钱我将会买它。询问价格多少钱应用how much，不管花多少钱，要用however much后面接主语和谓语，故选C。
6．【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这两辆车的外观如此相似，以至于我无法区分它们。A. identical相同的；B. prosperous繁荣的；C. timid胆小的，羞怯的；D. immense巨大的。根据“I can’t distinguish them apart.”可知，此处指“这两辆车的外观如此相似”，故选A。
7．【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Dina作为一个服务员努力的寻找了几个月的工作，最终在一家广告公司谋到了一职位。句子的主语Dina与struggle之间为主动，另外struggle for months发生在took a position之前，所以应为having struggled。故选C项。
8．【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我的经历可以作为参考的话，年轻人应该找到自己热爱的事情，并且明白只有有耐心才能实现他们的价值。A. indication指示；B. conference会议；C. reference参考；D. defect缺陷。根据句意，此处表示作者以自己的经历作为参考给出的建议。表示“参考”用reference。故选C。
9．【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。句意：我希望把公司创办在一个充满希望的地方，一个充满机会的地方。分析句子可知，该句第一空为介词in后接连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语成分；该句第二空为关系代词that引导的定语从句，先行词a place，关系代词在从句中作主语成分。故选D项。
10．【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不管贝多芬的作品被演奏多少次，他始终吸引着全世界的人们。这是no matter how引导的让步状语从句，在让步、时间、条件状语从句中，如果主从句中主语一致，从句中谓语含 be动词，可以将从句中的主语和be省略。perform和逻辑主语the works of Beethoven是被动关系，即在how后加the works of Beethoven are performed，此处省略了the works of Beethoven are。故选A。
11．【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们这个项目的主要目标是在下个月内使销售额增加20%。A. comprehension理解力；B. torture折磨；C. celebrity名人；D. objective目标。根据后文“increase sales by 20 percent within next month”可知，增加销售额是目标。故选D。
12．【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：总经理已决定任命他认为精力充沛、聪明的人担任公司的领导职务。空处引导宾语从句，he thinks是插入语，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，使用whoever引导，故选D。
13．【答案】C
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：除了你，没有人能说服他放弃那个愚蠢的计划。当but连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与前面的主语保持一致，遵循“就远原则”。在Nobody but you这个结构中，前面的主语是Nobody，nobody是不定代词，作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，所以排除A、B项，而D项can be中can是情态动词，表“能够”，be able to也表示“能够”，两者重复使用，不符合语法。故选C项。
14．【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他强调说，是团队的共同努力导致了这种新物质的发现。A. obsessive着迷的，痴迷的；B. collective集体的，共同的；C. relevant相关的；D. precious珍贵的。根据the effort of the team可知，此处指的是团队的共同努力。故选B。
15．【答案】B
【详解】考查时态。句意：青少年正在伤害自己的健康，因为他们玩了太多电脑游戏。分析句子结构可知，从句子后面的时态“because they play computer games too much”可以看出，空处表示“现在一直在做的动作”，可使用现在进行时。故选B。
16．【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在把你的文章交给教授之前，把它修改一下，使它更完美，这是一个明智的主意。A. exclaim惊叫；B. overlook忽略；C. polish修改；D. dominate控制。根据后文“essay to make it more perfect”指修改文章，使其更完美。故选C。
17．【答案】A
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——真遗憾！一切似乎都不顺心。——别紧张，苏珊。你做这么多工作是在累死自己。根据前后文可知，此处为take it easy表示“别着急; 多休息; 慢慢来”, 用于安慰对方。故选A。
18．【答案】A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：国内市场利润下降的公司可能会在国外寻找机会。定语从句修饰先行词company，在从句作定语，故用whose引导。故选A。
19．【答案】D
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：这位律师以其正式的风格著称，无论在什么场合或季节，他很少穿西装以外的衣服。A. however无论怎样；B. wherever无论什么地方；C. whenever无论什么时候；D. whatever无论什么。此处引导让步状语从句，season后面省略了is，应用whatever引导让步状语从句，whatever the occasion or season即whatever the occasion or season is。故选D。
20．【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。句意：凯茜正在阳光学校记语法规则，她已经在那里学习英语一年了。现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去。根据所提供的情景“Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School”和时间状语for years可判断出要用现在完成进行时,表示动作一直在延续着。故选D项。
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．D 37．B 38．C 39．C 40．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述Whitson一行去峡谷远足，被困峡谷，食物不足，手机不能接受信号，他决定在水瓶上贴上信息求救。最后被两位徒步旅行者发现，报告给了官员，最终救出了他们。Whitson一家很感激。
【解析】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于来自加利福尼亚的三个徒步旅行者神奇地起作用了。 A. failed失败；B. worked起作用；工作；C. connected连接；D. recommended推荐。根据上文Sending an urgent message in a bottle would not typically be considered a sensible strategy. （在瓶子里发送紧急信息通常不被认为是明智的策略）结合However可知，上下文是转折关系，对于这三个徒步旅行者神奇地起作用了。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年6月，父亲节周末，Whitson夫妇决定沿着加利福尼亚州中部的阿罗约塞科河进行背包旅行。A. decided决定；B. preferred更喜欢；C. attempted尝试；D. happened碰巧。由下文“go backpacking”可知，决定进行背包旅行。故选A。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：前两天一切顺利。A. obviously显而易见地；B. unexpectedly意外地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. surprisingly惊奇地。根据下文出了意外可知，前两天一切顺利。故选C。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在6月16日，Whitson，非常熟悉这个地区，引领去了阿罗约塞科峡谷。A. familiar熟悉的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. content满意的；D. busy忙碌的。根据下文“ led the trip to the Arroyo Seco narrows”可知，Whitson熟悉这个地区，带领着去了阿罗约塞科峡谷。故选A。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当徒步旅行者到达峡谷的瀑布时，Whitson意识到与上次穿越该地区的旅行不同，水流太大，无法通过。A. Besides此外；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Moreover再者；此外；D. However然而。根据下文“the water currents were too strong to pass. ”（水流太大，无法通过）可知，与上文“Things went 3 for the first two days. ”（一切顺利）是转折关系。故选D。
26．考查介词词义辨析。句意：与他以前在这个地区的旅行不同，水流太大，无法通过。A. unlike与……不同；不像；B. like像；C. as作为；D. opposite在……对面。根据下文“the water currents were too strong to pass”（水流太大，无法通过）可知，与上次穿越该地区的旅行不同，水流太大，无法通过。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到那些，我的心一沉。A. beat打；B. sank（使）下沉；(心情)变得沉重;C. ached疼；D. broke折断。根据上文“水流太大，无法通过”可知，Whitson告诉CNN他的心一沉，心情变得沉重。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Whitson和他的儿子寻求其他途径绕过它。A. attach附上；贴上；B. avoid避免；C. expand扩张；D. seek寻找；探寻。根据下文“other routes to get around it”可知，寻求其他绕过它的路线。故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他们的努力是不成功的。A. priceless无价的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. fruitless不成功的；白搭；D. endless无尽的。由but可知，Whitson和他的儿子寻求其他途径绕过它，但是他们的努力是不成功的。故选C。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于食物太少，而且没有手机接收到求救信号，他决定在他的水瓶边刻一条“得到帮助”的信息。A. call for需要；要求；B. spread out伸展；C. beg for乞讨；D. give away泄漏。根据下文“he decided to carve a "GET HELP” message on the side of his water bottle and threw it downstream in the 11 that someone would find it”可知，食物太少，没有手机接收求救信号。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定在他的水瓶一侧刻一条“寻求帮助”的信息，然后把它扔到下游，希望有人能找到它。A. challenge挑战；B. arrangement安排；C. hope希望；D. satisfaction满足。根据下文“someone would find it”可知，把水平扔到下游，希望有人能找到它。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：午夜过后的某个时候，三位冒险家被令人愉悦的声音唤醒——一架加利福尼亚高速公路巡逻直升机在上空飞过 。A. awakened唤醒；B. disturbed扰乱；C. annoyed使烦恼；D. greeted欢迎。根据上文的时间状语“Sometime after midnight”可知，半夜正在睡眠中，因此应是被直升机的声音唤醒。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于天太黑，无法进行救援，官员们要求他们保持温暖过夜 。A. experiment实验；B. escape逃脱；C. exploration探索；D. rescue援救。根据下文“the officials asked them to stay warm for the night”（官员们要求他们保持温暖过夜），可知，天太黑无法救援。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：官员们要求他们保持温暖过夜，许诺第二天派出团队。A. regretted遗憾；后悔；B. promised许诺；C. chose选择；D. appealed呼吁。根据上下文可知，太太黑无法救援，官员们要求他们保持温暖过夜，许诺第二天派出团队。故选B。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在2019年6月17日上午被接走之后，Whitson发现两名徒步旅行者被他们的水瓶绊倒。A. picked up（开车）接某人；B. tried out选拔；C. put forward提出；D. passed down使世代相传。根据下文“ two hikers had tripped upon their water bottle ”可知，Whitson被车接走，被人救了。故选A。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2019年6月17日上午被接走之后，Whitson发现两名徒步旅行者被他们的水瓶绊倒。A. believed相信；B. accepted接受；C. predicted预测； D. discovered发现。被救以后，Whitson发现两名徒步旅行者被他们的水瓶绊倒。故选D。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一看到紧急信息就把这个问题报告给了官员。A. sculpture雕刻；B. message信息；C. coincidence巧合；D. comment评论。根据上文“he decided to carve a "GET HELP” message on the side of his water bottle ”可知，Whitson在瓶子上刻一条“寻求帮助”的信息，两名徒步旅行者看到就报告给了官员。故选B。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们只是做了他们心里认为正确的。A. urgent紧急的；B. flexible灵活的；C. right正确的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“They didn't leave their name or phone number. ”可知，他们没有留下姓名和电话，他们只是做了他们心里认为正确的。故选C。
39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最重要的，他们认真对待了这件事。A. directly直接地；B. normally正常地；C. seriously认真地；严肃地；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文可知，这两位徒步旅行者看到水瓶上的信息，认真对待这件事，报告给了官员。take sth. seriously认真对待某事。故选C。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Whitson和他的家人希望这两位好心的徒步旅行者能透露他们的身份，以便他们能够当面表达他们的感激之情。 A. identity身份；B. motivation动机；C. characteristic特性；D. quality质量。根据下文“so that they can express their gratitude in person”可知，Whitson和家人希望这两位好心的徒步旅行者透漏他们的身份，以便他们能够当面表达他们的感激之情。故选A。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项，同学们要道循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息，例如小题20，根据下文“so that they can express their gratitude in person”可知，Whitson和家人希望这两位好心的徒步旅行者透漏他们的身份，以便他们能够当面表达他们的感激之情。故选A。
【答案】27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了作者通过以父亲教授他钓鱼时，要像鱼一样思考，学会钓鱼的道理，告诉大家从事商业销售时要像消费者一样去思考。
【解析】27．细节理解题。根据第一段的But that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty upset. 可知，但这不是很有趣的是，他可以抓很多鱼，而我什么也抓不到。我通常很沮丧。所以作者感到沮丧，是因为他一条鱼也抓不到。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them.可以，我越了解鱼，我越能有效的找到并抓住鱼。由此判断出父亲的意思是了解鱼的想法。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don’t have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes. 我了解到鱼是一种冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。这就是为什么鱼类喜欢浅水而不喜欢深水，因为前者比较温暖。此外，水在阳光直射下通常比在阴凉处更暖和。然而，鱼却没有眼皮，太阳会伤害它们的眼睛。由此判断出，根据作者的说法，鱼最有可能出现在浅水区的水边树下。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers可知，我逐渐了解我们需要像消费者一样去思考，这与父亲的“You need to think like a fish”相似，由此判断出，作者进入商界后，作者发现他父亲的钓鱼建议很有启发性。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters“这不是一份轻松的工作，我将在下面几章里向你们展示如何去做”，故推断这篇短文很可能来自一本畅销书。故选B。
【答案】32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B 36．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项新的研究发现，一个人对外表吸引力的感知会受到一个人的性格的影响。
【解析】32．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In the study, the participants viewed photographs of opposite-sex individuals and rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information about their personalities.(在这项研究中，参与者观看了异性个体的照片，并在得到关于他们个性的信息之前和之后对他们的吸引力进行了评分)”可知，在这项研究中，参与者被要求按照要求在了解一个人的性格之前和之后，通过照片来评价一个人的吸引力。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater expectation of becoming friends, which leads to greater expectation of becoming romantic partners and, finally, to being viewed as more physically attractive. The findings remained consistent regardless of how “attractive” the individual was formerly thought to be or of the participants’ current relationship status.(研究结果表明，积极的性格会让人更希望成为朋友，进而更希望成为恋人，最后，会让人觉得自己外表更迷人。无论“魅力”个人如何或者研究对象目前的感情状况如何，研究结果都是一致的)”可知，首先，找一个性格积极的人，想和这个人交朋友，想成为他/她的浪漫伴侣，最后，从外表上看，这个人更有吸引力。所以排序为a→c→d→b。故选A项。
34．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Lewandowski 说的话“This research provides a positive outcome by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness; it can even change people’s impressions of how good-looking you are(这项研究提供了一个积极的结果，它提醒人们，个性在很大程度上决定了你的吸引力；它甚至可以改变人们对你有多漂亮的印象)”可知，选项 C“对一个人吸引力的判断总是保持不变的”是错误的。故选C项。
35．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据文章第一段“If you exhibit positive characteristics such as honesty and helpfulness, the chances are that you will be thought as a good-looking person, for a new study has found that the perception (认知) of physical attractiveness is influenced by a person's personality.(如果你表现出诸如诚实和乐于助人等积极的特征，那么你很有可能会被认为是一个好看的人，因为一项新的研究发现，一个人对外表吸引力的感知会受到一个人的性格的影响)”可知，文章主要介绍一项新的研究发现结果，没有发表作者的主观意见，所以是客观的。故选B项。
36．推理判断题。根据文章介绍一项新的研究发现，一个人对外表吸引力的感知会受到一个人的性格的影响。可推知，这篇文章的目标读者是普通人。故选D。
【答案】37．B 38．A 39．C 40．A 41．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项研究发现：海拔会影响一个人的体重。
【解析】37．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes，so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy.”可知，山区空气比低海拔地区空气的含氧量少，所以呼吸会导致心跳加快，由此可知，含氧量对一个人的心率影响最大，故B项正确。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones linked to appetite and fatness.”可知，研究人员检测激素是因为它们影响体重，故A项正确。
39．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“and indeed the men ate significantly less than usual-about 700 calories fewer per day.”可知，研究发现他们摄入的热量比平时低700卡路里，故C项正确。
40．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“who recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile.”可知，Damian Bailey同意在高海拔地区食欲会下降的观点，这是因为他在高海拔的安第斯山脉探险时瘦了11公斤，故A项正确。
41．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He says，half-jokingly，"If fat people plan their holidays，they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain. "”可知，Lippl半开玩笑地说，“如果胖人计划度假，他们可能不会去海边，但可能去山上”，由此可知，Lippl是以非正式的方式谈论此事的，故A项正确。
【点睛】关于人物态度的推理判断题的难度较大，抓住人物所说的话以及说话时的语气是关键，例如本篇第5题，最后一段中的“He says，half-jokingly，"If fat people plan their holidays，they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain. "”可知，Lippl半开玩笑地说，“如果胖人计划度假，他们可能不会去海边，但可能去山上”，特别是“half-jokingly”一词表明Lippl是以非正式的方式谈论此事的。
【答案】42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了恐惧形成的原因和对孩子的影响，以及如何帮助孩子理解和应对他们的恐惧情绪。
【解析】42．推理判断题。根据第二段“Fears are caused often because of experiences or ideas expressed by others, and at times, the media.(恐惧往往是由他人的经历、想法导致的，有时也由媒体导致)”可知，小孩子的恐惧不是天生的而是后天习得的。故选C。
43．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词后“They need to be recognized and accepted as real for that child.(对于那个孩子来说，它们需要被认可和接受为真实的情感)”可推知，这对孩子来说，恐惧虽小，但也需要重视，划线词所在句子表达“孩子们的恐惧往往很小，但这并不意味着它们应该被当作微不足道的事情而不予理会”，故划线词trivial意思是“不值得考虑的，不重要的”，D项与其意思相近。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据第三段“Only when we help children understand their fears can they grow normally in their ability to settle them.(只有当我们帮助孩子理解他们的恐惧时，他们才能正常地发展应对能力)”可知，父母处理孩子恐惧的最终目标是培养孩子自己处理恐惧的能力。故选A。
45．推理判断题。根据第二段“Those relating to personal failure and ridicule from others remain through adulthood and may need special help to overcome.(那些与个人失败和他人嘲笑有关的恐惧会一直持续到成年，可能需要特殊的帮助才能克服)”可知，一些童年的恐惧可能会持续到成年，有持久的影响。故选B。
46．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要围绕孩子的恐惧展开，介绍了孩子恐惧的来源、随着年龄的变化以及如何处理等内容，故B项“孩子的恐惧”适合作为文章的标题。故选B。
一、单项选择（本大题共20小题）
1．一How do you find the concert in the Beijing Grand Theatre last night？
一_____________, but the conductor was prefect．
A．I couldn`t agree more B．I don`t think much of it
C．l was crazy about it D．I really like it
2．It is widely ________that advanced technology has made a lasting impact on our daily life.
A．posed B．recalled C．liberated D．acknowledged
3．At last the soldiers reached ________ the locals called the Golden Triangle.
A．that B．where C．when D．what
4．Every boy and every girl as well as some teachers who________to visit the museum________asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning.
A．are; are B．are; is C．is; is D．is; are
5．This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, ________.
A．how much may it cost B．no matter how it may cost
C．however much it may cost D．how may it cost
6．Much to my surprise, the two cars are so ________ in appearance that I can’t distinguish them apart.
A．identical B．prosperous C．timid D．immense
7．Dina, __________for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A．struggling B．struggled C．having struggled D．to struggle
8．If my experience is any ________, young people should find what they are passionate about and understand that only with patience can they realize their value.
A．indication B．conference C．reference D．defect
9．I hope to set up our company in will be a promising land, a place is full of opportunities.
A．where, where B．where, that C．what, where D．what, that
10．No matter how frequently ________, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
A．performed B．performing
C．to be performed D．being performed
11．Our main ________ for the project is to increase sales by 20 percent within next month.
A．comprehension B．torture C．celebrity D．objective
12．The chief manager has decided to put ________ he thinks is energetic, clever in the position of the leadership of the company.
A．those who B．anyone C．whomever D．whoever
13．Nobody but you ________ able to persuade him to give up that stupid plan.
A．are B．were C．is D．can be
14．He stressed that the ________ effort of the team led to the discovery of the new substance.
A．obsessive B．collective C．relevant D．precious
15．Teenagers their health because they play computer games too much.
A．have damaged B．are damaging C．damaged D．will damage
16．It is a wise idea to ________ your essay to make it more perfect before handling it in to the professor.
A．exclaim B．overlook C．polish D．dominate
17．—What a pity! Nothing seems to be going my way.
—________, Susan. You are killing yourself for all the work.
A．Take it easy B．Go right ahead
C．You deserve it D．Have great fun
18．A company________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A．whose B．who C．which D．what
19．The lawyer is known for his formal style and seldom wears anything other than a suit, ______ the occasion or season.
A．however B．wherever C．whenever D．whatever
20．Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School,where she_______English for a year.
A．studies B．studied
C．is studying D．has been studying
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
Sending an urgent message in a bottle would not typically be considered a sensible strategy. However, it magically 21 for three hikers from California.
In June 2019, for Father^ Day weekend, the Whitsons 22 to go backpacking along central California's Arroyo Seco River. Things went 23 for the first two days. On June 16, Whitson, who was 24 with the area, led the trip to the Arroyo Seco narrows(峡谷).
25 when the hikers reached the waterfall in the narrows, Whitson realized that 26 his previous trip through the area, the water currents were too strong to pass. "My heart 21 when I realized that.” Whitson told CNN. Whitson and his son tried to 28 other routes to get around it, but their efforts proved 22 .
With food running low and no cellphone reception to 30 help, he decided to carve a "GET HELP” message on the side of his water bottle and threw it downstream in the 31 that someone would find it. Then they went back up the river to a small beach to camp out for the night.
Sometime after midnight, the three adventurers were 32 by a welcome sound — a California Highway Patrol helicopter flying overhead. Since it was too dark to conduct a(n) 23 , the officials asked them to stay warm for the night, and 34 to send a team the following day.
Shortly after being 35 on the morning of June 17, 2019, Whitson 24 that two hikers had tripped upon their water bottle and, upon seeing the urgent 37 reported the issue to the officials. Whitson says, "They didn't leave their name or phone number. They just did what was 25 in their heart, and most importantly they took it 26 . Whitson and his family hope the two good hikers will reveal their 40 so that they can express their gratitude in person.
21．A．failed B．worked C．connected D．recommended
22．A．decided B．preferred C．attempted D．happened
23．A．obviously B．unexpectedly C．smoothly D．surprisingly
24．A．familiar B．popular C．content D．busy
25．A．Besides B．Meanwhile C．Moreover D．However
26．A．unlike B．like C．as D．opposite
27．A．beat B．sank C．ached D．broke
28．A．attach B．avoid C．expand D．seek
29．A．priceless B．hopeless C．fruitless D．endless
30．A．call for B．spread out C．beg for D．give away
31．A．challenge B．arrangement C．hope D．satisfaction
32．A．awakened B．disturbed C．annoyed D．greeted
33．A．experiment B．escape C．exploration D．rescue
34．A．regretted B．promised C．chose D．appealed
35．A．picked up B．tried out C．put Forward D．passed down
36．A．believed B．accepted C．predicted D．discovered
37．A．sculpture B．message C．coincidence D．comment
38．A．urgent B．flexible C．right D．possible
39．A．directly B．normally C．seriously D．frequently
40．A．identity B．motivation C．characteristic D．quality
三、阅读理解（本大题共4小题）
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, ”Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish.” I remember being even more upset then because, “I’m not a fish!” I didn’t know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don’t have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes…The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like salespeople.” But it didn’t completely make sense. My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.” What he said was, “You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters.
27．Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine？
A．He could not catch a fish
B．His father was not patient with him
C．His father did not teach him fishing
D．He could not influence a fish as his father did
28．What did the author’s father really mean
A．To read about fish
B．To learn fishing by oneself
C．To understand what fish think
D．To study fishing in many ways
29．According to the author, fish are most likely to be found .
A．in deep water on sunny days
B．in deep water on cloudy days
C．in shallow water under sunlight
D．in shallow water under waterside trees
30．After entering the business world，the author found .
A．it easy to think like a customer
B．his father’s fishing advice inspiring
C．his first boss’s sales ideas reasonable
D．it difficult to sell services to poor people
31．This passage most likely comes from .
A．a fishing guide
B．a popular sales book
C．a novel on childhood
D．a millionaire’s biography
If you exhibit positive characteristics, such as honesty and helpfulness, the chances are that you will be thought as a good-looking person, for a new study has found that the perception (认知) of physical attractiveness is influenced by a person’s personality.
The study, which was led by Gary W. Lewandowski, has found that people who exhibit negative characteristics, such as unfairness and rudeness, appear to be less physically attractive to observers. In the study, the participants viewed photographs of opposite-sex individuals and rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information about their personalities.
After personality information was received, participants also rated the probability of each individual’s becoming a friend and a dating partner. Information on personality was found to significantly change the probability, showing that cognitive (认知的) processes modify (修改) judgments of attractiveness.
“Thinking a person as having a desirable personality makes the person more suitable in general as a close relationship partner of any kind,” said Lewandowski.
The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater expectation of becoming friends, which leads to greater expectation of becoming romantic partners and, finally, to being viewed as more physically attractive. The findings remained consistent regardless of how “attractive” the individual was formerly thought to be or of the participants’ current relationship status.
“This research provides a positive outcome by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness; it can even change people’s impressions of how good-looking you are,” said Lewandowski.
32．In the study the participants were required to ______.
A．try to make friends with each other
B．try to prove positive characters make people more attractive
C．exhibit negative characters such as unfairness and rudeness
D．rate one’s attractiveness by photos before and after knowing her or his personality
33．What’s the CORRECT order of how cognitive processes modify judgments of attractiveness
a. find a person with a positive personality
b. view the person more physically attractive
c. want to make friends with the person
d. want to be his/her romantic partner
A．a→c→d→b B．d→c→b→a C．c→b→a→d D．a→d→c→b
34．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage
A．The research reminds people to pay more attention to the personality.
B．Personality can change people’s impressions of one’s appearance.
C．The judgment of one’s attractiveness always stays unchanged.
D．Positive personality may lead to more friends.
35．The passage is written in a(n)__________ tone.
A．subjective B．objective C．skeptical D．negative
36．Who are the intended readers of this passage
A．People with positive characteristics. B．Good-looking people.
C．People with negative characteristics. D．General people.
Looking for a new weight loss plan？Try living on top of a mountain. Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes，so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy. A handful of studies have found that athletes training at high altitudes tend to lose weight. Doctor Florian Lippl of the University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich wondered how the mountain air would affect overweight individuals if they weren't doing any more physical activity than usual.
Lippl and his colleagues invited 20 overweight men to an environmental research station about 300meters below the summit of Zugspitze，a mountain around 2，970 meters near the Austrian border. They were allowed to eat as much as they liked. The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones linked to appetite and fatness. At the end of the week，the men，whose mean weight starting out was 105kg，had lost on average about l5kg. The men's blood pressure also dropped，which the researchers believed was due to weight lost.
Exactly what caused the weight loss is uncertain. Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes，and indeed the men ate significantly less than usual-about 700 calories fewer per day. Lippl also notes that because their consumption was being recorded，they may have been more self-conscious about what they ate. Regardless，eating less accounts for just I kg of the l5 kg lost，says Lippl. He thinks the increased metabolic（新陈代谢的）rate，which was measured，also contributed to weight loss but cannot separate the different effects with the given data.
Appetite loss at high altitudes could certainly be key，notes Damian Bailey，a physiologist at the University of Glamorgan，UK，who recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile.
Unfortunately，for the average person there is no treatment that can resemble living at high altitude，says Lippl. The only alternative is hypobaric chamber，which exposes subjects to low oxygen and isn't practical as a treatment. He says，half-jokingly，"If fat people plan their holidays，they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain. "
37．What contributes the most to one's heart rates according to the first paragraph
A．our bodyweight
B．the amount of oxygen provided
C．the rates of our breathing
D．the consumption of energy
38．Hormones are tested in the research because they can affect____________
A．one's bodyweight
B．one's blood pressure
C．one's way of living
D．one's metabolic rate
39．What was found about the 20 overweight men in the process of the research
A．They controlled what to eat self-consciously.
B．They lost appetite because of lack of physical activity.
C．They took in much fewer calories than usual.
D．They were provided with a healthier diet than before.
40．Why does Damian Bailey agree with the idea of appetite loss at high altitudes
A．He lost much weight in the high altitude Andes.
B．He found no other reasons for his loss of weight in the Andes.
C．He researched the related subject in the Andes.
D．He experimented with the new weight loss plan in the mountain of Zugspitze.
41．In what manner does Lippl talk about the way of losing weight by spending holidays on mountains
A．casual B．inaccurate
C．uncertain D．confident
Fear is an emotion like others such as happiness, anger, hurt, sadness. We need emotions to process information we receive and decide how to respond. Being afraid of fast cars, for example, is something that might protect us from harm. Being afraid of the consequence of a choice may prevent us getting into trouble.
Fears in young children commonly center on certain animals like snakes or big dogs. Fears are caused often because of experiences or ideas expressed by others, and at times, the media. Many normal fears during the early years, like men with beards,or large dogs, disappear with age. Those relating to personal failure and ridicule from others remain through adulthood and may need special help to overcome.
Children’s fears are often small, but that doesn’t mean they should be dismissed as trivial. They need to be recognized and accepted as real for that child. Only when we help children understand their fears can they grow normally in their ability to settle them.
Research shows that as a child grows up, the center of his fears changes a lot.Things like divorce, a teacher who “shouted at me”, people with guns, bullies, big boys, or “making fun of me” top the list of childhood fears.
We cannot always prevent these experiences from happening, but it is essential that children be allowed to freely express their emotions without judgment. Sympathy and a caring listener will help ease pain of these fears. Read books and stories to your child about children who have experienced similar fears. This helps children talk about their fears and find ways to cope. With all emotions, fears become less of a problem for children as they gain self-confidence and they find that fear is normal and can be dealt with.
42．According to Paragraph 2, we can know that fears in young children ________.
A．only center on frightening animals B．can make sure of their safety
C．are not born but learned D．need special help to deal with
43．The underlined word in Para.3 probably means ________.
A．abnormal B．unacceptable C．imaginary D．not worth considering
44．In dealing with children’s fears, the final goal of the parents is to ________.
A．develop children’s ability to treat their fears on their own
B．let children know about the nature of fear
C．create an environment where there is nothing to fear
D．stop unpleasant experiences happening to children
45．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．children should avoid the media to reduce their fear
B．some childhood fears may have a lasting influence
C．fears can be judged according to the environment
D．children with similar fears can communicate easily
46．What’s the best title for this passage
A．How to Overcome Children’s Fears B．Children’s Fears
C．The Kind of Children’s Fears D．The Bad Effects of Fears
参考答案
1．【答案】B
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：--你认为昨晚北京大剧院的音乐会怎么样 --我觉得不怎么样，但是指挥非常完美。 A.I couldn`t agree more 我完全同意 ；B. I don`t think much of it 我觉得不怎么样；C.l was crazy about it 我很喜欢他； D.I really like it 我非常喜欢它。结合下文，but the conductor was prefect．但是指挥非常完美，but表示转折，前面表达认为不好，故选B。
【点睛】
2．【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为先进技术对我们的日常生活产生了持久的影响。A. posed引起，摆好姿势；B. recalled回忆；C. liberated解放，使自由；D. acknowledged承认。根据“ advanced technology has made a lasting impact on our daily life.”可知，先进技术对我们的日常生活产生了持久的影响是人们承认的普遍看法。故选D。
3．【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：最后，士兵们到达了当地人所说的金三角。空处引导宾语从句，从句the locals called the Golden Triangle中缺宾语，表示“什么”，所以应用连接代词what。故选D项。
4．【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：每一个男孩、每一个女孩，还有一些去参观博物馆的老师们都被要求在早上6:30之前到学校门口。A. are; are是，是；B. are; is是，是；C. is; is是，是；D. is; are是，是。分析句子结构，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词some teachers，先行词为复数形式，故系动词使用are；第二空，as well as表示“和”，连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数要与前边的主语一致，即与every boy and every girl一致，系动词应用is。故选B项。
5．【答案】C
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：这是一本非常令人感兴趣的书，不管它可能花多少钱我将会买它。询问价格多少钱应用how much，不管花多少钱，要用however much后面接主语和谓语，故选C。
6．【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这两辆车的外观如此相似，以至于我无法区分它们。A. identical相同的；B. prosperous繁荣的；C. timid胆小的，羞怯的；D. immense巨大的。根据“I can’t distinguish them apart.”可知，此处指“这两辆车的外观如此相似”，故选A。
7．【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Dina作为一个服务员努力的寻找了几个月的工作，最终在一家广告公司谋到了一职位。句子的主语Dina与struggle之间为主动，另外struggle for months发生在took a position之前，所以应为having struggled。故选C项。
8．【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我的经历可以作为参考的话，年轻人应该找到自己热爱的事情，并且明白只有有耐心才能实现他们的价值。A. indication指示；B. conference会议；C. reference参考；D. defect缺陷。根据句意，此处表示作者以自己的经历作为参考给出的建议。表示“参考”用reference。故选C。
9．【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。句意：我希望把公司创办在一个充满希望的地方，一个充满机会的地方。分析句子可知，该句第一空为介词in后接连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语成分；该句第二空为关系代词that引导的定语从句，先行词a place，关系代词在从句中作主语成分。故选D项。
10．【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不管贝多芬的作品被演奏多少次，他始终吸引着全世界的人们。这是no matter how引导的让步状语从句，在让步、时间、条件状语从句中，如果主从句中主语一致，从句中谓语含 be动词，可以将从句中的主语和be省略。perform和逻辑主语the works of Beethoven是被动关系，即在how后加the works of Beethoven are performed，此处省略了the works of Beethoven are。故选A。
11．【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们这个项目的主要目标是在下个月内使销售额增加20%。A. comprehension理解力；B. torture折磨；C. celebrity名人；D. objective目标。根据后文“increase sales by 20 percent within next month”可知，增加销售额是目标。故选D。
12．【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：总经理已决定任命他认为精力充沛、聪明的人担任公司的领导职务。空处引导宾语从句，he thinks是插入语，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，使用whoever引导，故选D。
13．【答案】C
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：除了你，没有人能说服他放弃那个愚蠢的计划。当but连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与前面的主语保持一致，遵循“就远原则”。在Nobody but you这个结构中，前面的主语是Nobody，nobody是不定代词，作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，所以排除A、B项，而D项can be中can是情态动词，表“能够”，be able to也表示“能够”，两者重复使用，不符合语法。故选C项。
14．【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他强调说，是团队的共同努力导致了这种新物质的发现。A. obsessive着迷的，痴迷的；B. collective集体的，共同的；C. relevant相关的；D. precious珍贵的。根据the effort of the team可知，此处指的是团队的共同努力。故选B。
15．【答案】B
【详解】考查时态。句意：青少年正在伤害自己的健康，因为他们玩了太多电脑游戏。分析句子结构可知，从句子后面的时态“because they play computer games too much”可以看出，空处表示“现在一直在做的动作”，可使用现在进行时。故选B。
16．【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在把你的文章交给教授之前，把它修改一下，使它更完美，这是一个明智的主意。A. exclaim惊叫；B. overlook忽略；C. polish修改；D. dominate控制。根据后文“essay to make it more perfect”指修改文章，使其更完美。故选C。
17．【答案】A
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——真遗憾！一切似乎都不顺心。——别紧张，苏珊。你做这么多工作是在累死自己。根据前后文可知，此处为take it easy表示“别着急; 多休息; 慢慢来”, 用于安慰对方。故选A。
18．【答案】A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：国内市场利润下降的公司可能会在国外寻找机会。定语从句修饰先行词company，在从句作定语，故用whose引导。故选A。
19．【答案】D
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：这位律师以其正式的风格著称，无论在什么场合或季节，他很少穿西装以外的衣服。A. however无论怎样；B. wherever无论什么地方；C. whenever无论什么时候；D. whatever无论什么。此处引导让步状语从句，season后面省略了is，应用whatever引导让步状语从句，whatever the occasion or season即whatever the occasion or season is。故选D。
20．【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。句意：凯茜正在阳光学校记语法规则，她已经在那里学习英语一年了。现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去。根据所提供的情景“Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School”和时间状语for years可判断出要用现在完成进行时,表示动作一直在延续着。故选D项。
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．D 37．B 38．C 39．C 40．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述Whitson一行去峡谷远足，被困峡谷，食物不足，手机不能接受信号，他决定在水瓶上贴上信息求救。最后被两位徒步旅行者发现，报告给了官员，最终救出了他们。Whitson一家很感激。
【解析】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于来自加利福尼亚的三个徒步旅行者神奇地起作用了。 A. failed失败；B. worked起作用；工作；C. connected连接；D. recommended推荐。根据上文Sending an urgent message in a bottle would not typically be considered a sensible strategy. （在瓶子里发送紧急信息通常不被认为是明智的策略）结合However可知，上下文是转折关系，对于这三个徒步旅行者神奇地起作用了。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年6月，父亲节周末，Whitson夫妇决定沿着加利福尼亚州中部的阿罗约塞科河进行背包旅行。A. decided决定；B. preferred更喜欢；C. attempted尝试；D. happened碰巧。由下文“go backpacking”可知，决定进行背包旅行。故选A。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：前两天一切顺利。A. obviously显而易见地；B. unexpectedly意外地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. surprisingly惊奇地。根据下文出了意外可知，前两天一切顺利。故选C。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在6月16日，Whitson，非常熟悉这个地区，引领去了阿罗约塞科峡谷。A. familiar熟悉的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. content满意的；D. busy忙碌的。根据下文“ led the trip to the Arroyo Seco narrows”可知，Whitson熟悉这个地区，带领着去了阿罗约塞科峡谷。故选A。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当徒步旅行者到达峡谷的瀑布时，Whitson意识到与上次穿越该地区的旅行不同，水流太大，无法通过。A. Besides此外；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Moreover再者；此外；D. However然而。根据下文“the water currents were too strong to pass. ”（水流太大，无法通过）可知，与上文“Things went 3 for the first two days. ”（一切顺利）是转折关系。故选D。
26．考查介词词义辨析。句意：与他以前在这个地区的旅行不同，水流太大，无法通过。A. unlike与……不同；不像；B. like像；C. as作为；D. opposite在……对面。根据下文“the water currents were too strong to pass”（水流太大，无法通过）可知，与上次穿越该地区的旅行不同，水流太大，无法通过。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到那些，我的心一沉。A. beat打；B. sank（使）下沉；(心情)变得沉重;C. ached疼；D. broke折断。根据上文“水流太大，无法通过”可知，Whitson告诉CNN他的心一沉，心情变得沉重。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Whitson和他的儿子寻求其他途径绕过它。A. attach附上；贴上；B. avoid避免；C. expand扩张；D. seek寻找；探寻。根据下文“other routes to get around it”可知，寻求其他绕过它的路线。故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他们的努力是不成功的。A. priceless无价的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. fruitless不成功的；白搭；D. endless无尽的。由but可知，Whitson和他的儿子寻求其他途径绕过它，但是他们的努力是不成功的。故选C。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于食物太少，而且没有手机接收到求救信号，他决定在他的水瓶边刻一条“得到帮助”的信息。A. call for需要；要求；B. spread out伸展；C. beg for乞讨；D. give away泄漏。根据下文“he decided to carve a "GET HELP” message on the side of his water bottle and threw it downstream in the 11 that someone would find it”可知，食物太少，没有手机接收求救信号。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定在他的水瓶一侧刻一条“寻求帮助”的信息，然后把它扔到下游，希望有人能找到它。A. challenge挑战；B. arrangement安排；C. hope希望；D. satisfaction满足。根据下文“someone would find it”可知，把水平扔到下游，希望有人能找到它。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：午夜过后的某个时候，三位冒险家被令人愉悦的声音唤醒——一架加利福尼亚高速公路巡逻直升机在上空飞过 。A. awakened唤醒；B. disturbed扰乱；C. annoyed使烦恼；D. greeted欢迎。根据上文的时间状语“Sometime after midnight”可知，半夜正在睡眠中，因此应是被直升机的声音唤醒。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于天太黑，无法进行救援，官员们要求他们保持温暖过夜 。A. experiment实验；B. escape逃脱；C. exploration探索；D. rescue援救。根据下文“the officials asked them to stay warm for the night”（官员们要求他们保持温暖过夜），可知，天太黑无法救援。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：官员们要求他们保持温暖过夜，许诺第二天派出团队。A. regretted遗憾；后悔；B. promised许诺；C. chose选择；D. appealed呼吁。根据上下文可知，太太黑无法救援，官员们要求他们保持温暖过夜，许诺第二天派出团队。故选B。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在2019年6月17日上午被接走之后，Whitson发现两名徒步旅行者被他们的水瓶绊倒。A. picked up（开车）接某人；B. tried out选拔；C. put forward提出；D. passed down使世代相传。根据下文“ two hikers had tripped upon their water bottle ”可知，Whitson被车接走，被人救了。故选A。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2019年6月17日上午被接走之后，Whitson发现两名徒步旅行者被他们的水瓶绊倒。A. believed相信；B. accepted接受；C. predicted预测； D. discovered发现。被救以后，Whitson发现两名徒步旅行者被他们的水瓶绊倒。故选D。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一看到紧急信息就把这个问题报告给了官员。A. sculpture雕刻；B. message信息；C. coincidence巧合；D. comment评论。根据上文“he decided to carve a "GET HELP” message on the side of his water bottle ”可知，Whitson在瓶子上刻一条“寻求帮助”的信息，两名徒步旅行者看到就报告给了官员。故选B。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们只是做了他们心里认为正确的。A. urgent紧急的；B. flexible灵活的；C. right正确的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“They didn't leave their name or phone number. ”可知，他们没有留下姓名和电话，他们只是做了他们心里认为正确的。故选C。
39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最重要的，他们认真对待了这件事。A. directly直接地；B. normally正常地；C. seriously认真地；严肃地；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文可知，这两位徒步旅行者看到水瓶上的信息，认真对待这件事，报告给了官员。take sth. seriously认真对待某事。故选C。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Whitson和他的家人希望这两位好心的徒步旅行者能透露他们的身份，以便他们能够当面表达他们的感激之情。 A. identity身份；B. motivation动机；C. characteristic特性；D. quality质量。根据下文“so that they can express their gratitude in person”可知，Whitson和家人希望这两位好心的徒步旅行者透漏他们的身份，以便他们能够当面表达他们的感激之情。故选A。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项，同学们要道循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息，例如小题20，根据下文“so that they can express their gratitude in person”可知，Whitson和家人希望这两位好心的徒步旅行者透漏他们的身份，以便他们能够当面表达他们的感激之情。故选A。
【答案】27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了作者通过以父亲教授他钓鱼时，要像鱼一样思考，学会钓鱼的道理，告诉大家从事商业销售时要像消费者一样去思考。
【解析】27．细节理解题。根据第一段的But that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty upset. 可知，但这不是很有趣的是，他可以抓很多鱼，而我什么也抓不到。我通常很沮丧。所以作者感到沮丧，是因为他一条鱼也抓不到。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them.可以，我越了解鱼，我越能有效的找到并抓住鱼。由此判断出父亲的意思是了解鱼的想法。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don’t have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes. 我了解到鱼是一种冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。这就是为什么鱼类喜欢浅水而不喜欢深水，因为前者比较温暖。此外，水在阳光直射下通常比在阴凉处更暖和。然而，鱼却没有眼皮，太阳会伤害它们的眼睛。由此判断出，根据作者的说法，鱼最有可能出现在浅水区的水边树下。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers可知，我逐渐了解我们需要像消费者一样去思考，这与父亲的“You need to think like a fish”相似，由此判断出，作者进入商界后，作者发现他父亲的钓鱼建议很有启发性。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters“这不是一份轻松的工作，我将在下面几章里向你们展示如何去做”，故推断这篇短文很可能来自一本畅销书。故选B。
【答案】32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B 36．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项新的研究发现，一个人对外表吸引力的感知会受到一个人的性格的影响。
【解析】32．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In the study, the participants viewed photographs of opposite-sex individuals and rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information about their personalities.(在这项研究中，参与者观看了异性个体的照片，并在得到关于他们个性的信息之前和之后对他们的吸引力进行了评分)”可知，在这项研究中，参与者被要求按照要求在了解一个人的性格之前和之后，通过照片来评价一个人的吸引力。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater expectation of becoming friends, which leads to greater expectation of becoming romantic partners and, finally, to being viewed as more physically attractive. The findings remained consistent regardless of how “attractive” the individual was formerly thought to be or of the participants’ current relationship status.(研究结果表明，积极的性格会让人更希望成为朋友，进而更希望成为恋人，最后，会让人觉得自己外表更迷人。无论“魅力”个人如何或者研究对象目前的感情状况如何，研究结果都是一致的)”可知，首先，找一个性格积极的人，想和这个人交朋友，想成为他/她的浪漫伴侣，最后，从外表上看，这个人更有吸引力。所以排序为a→c→d→b。故选A项。
34．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Lewandowski 说的话“This research provides a positive outcome by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness; it can even change people’s impressions of how good-looking you are(这项研究提供了一个积极的结果，它提醒人们，个性在很大程度上决定了你的吸引力；它甚至可以改变人们对你有多漂亮的印象)”可知，选项 C“对一个人吸引力的判断总是保持不变的”是错误的。故选C项。
35．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据文章第一段“If you exhibit positive characteristics such as honesty and helpfulness, the chances are that you will be thought as a good-looking person, for a new study has found that the perception (认知) of physical attractiveness is influenced by a person's personality.(如果你表现出诸如诚实和乐于助人等积极的特征，那么你很有可能会被认为是一个好看的人，因为一项新的研究发现，一个人对外表吸引力的感知会受到一个人的性格的影响)”可知，文章主要介绍一项新的研究发现结果，没有发表作者的主观意见，所以是客观的。故选B项。
36．推理判断题。根据文章介绍一项新的研究发现，一个人对外表吸引力的感知会受到一个人的性格的影响。可推知，这篇文章的目标读者是普通人。故选D。
【答案】37．B 38．A 39．C 40．A 41．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项研究发现：海拔会影响一个人的体重。
【解析】37．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes，so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy.”可知，山区空气比低海拔地区空气的含氧量少，所以呼吸会导致心跳加快，由此可知，含氧量对一个人的心率影响最大，故B项正确。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones linked to appetite and fatness.”可知，研究人员检测激素是因为它们影响体重，故A项正确。
39．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“and indeed the men ate significantly less than usual-about 700 calories fewer per day.”可知，研究发现他们摄入的热量比平时低700卡路里，故C项正确。
40．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“who recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile.”可知，Damian Bailey同意在高海拔地区食欲会下降的观点，这是因为他在高海拔的安第斯山脉探险时瘦了11公斤，故A项正确。
41．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He says，half-jokingly，"If fat people plan their holidays，they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain. "”可知，Lippl半开玩笑地说，“如果胖人计划度假，他们可能不会去海边，但可能去山上”，由此可知，Lippl是以非正式的方式谈论此事的，故A项正确。
【点睛】关于人物态度的推理判断题的难度较大，抓住人物所说的话以及说话时的语气是关键，例如本篇第5题，最后一段中的“He says，half-jokingly，"If fat people plan their holidays，they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain. "”可知，Lippl半开玩笑地说，“如果胖人计划度假，他们可能不会去海边，但可能去山上”，特别是“half-jokingly”一词表明Lippl是以非正式的方式谈论此事的。
【答案】42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了恐惧形成的原因和对孩子的影响，以及如何帮助孩子理解和应对他们的恐惧情绪。
【解析】42．推理判断题。根据第二段“Fears are caused often because of experiences or ideas expressed by others, and at times, the media.(恐惧往往是由他人的经历、想法导致的，有时也由媒体导致)”可知，小孩子的恐惧不是天生的而是后天习得的。故选C。
43．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词后“They need to be recognized and accepted as real for that child.(对于那个孩子来说，它们需要被认可和接受为真实的情感)”可推知，这对孩子来说，恐惧虽小，但也需要重视，划线词所在句子表达“孩子们的恐惧往往很小，但这并不意味着它们应该被当作微不足道的事情而不予理会”，故划线词trivial意思是“不值得考虑的，不重要的”，D项与其意思相近。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据第三段“Only when we help children understand their fears can they grow normally in their ability to settle them.(只有当我们帮助孩子理解他们的恐惧时，他们才能正常地发展应对能力)”可知，父母处理孩子恐惧的最终目标是培养孩子自己处理恐惧的能力。故选A。
45．推理判断题。根据第二段“Those relating to personal failure and ridicule from others remain through adulthood and may need special help to overcome.(那些与个人失败和他人嘲笑有关的恐惧会一直持续到成年，可能需要特殊的帮助才能克服)”可知，一些童年的恐惧可能会持续到成年，有持久的影响。故选B。
46．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要围绕孩子的恐惧展开，介绍了孩子恐惧的来源、随着年龄的变化以及如何处理等内容，故B项“孩子的恐惧”适合作为文章的标题。故选B。
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