(共20张PPT)
Unit Fourteen
Ⅰ.重点词汇测试(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)
1. v.(使)气馁;使失去信心
2.discuss
3. v.不喜爱;厌恶
4.dismiss
5. n.距离;远处;疏远
6.distinction________________________
discourage
v.讨论,议论,辩论
dislike
v.打发走;遣散;解散;解雇;开除
Distance
n.差别,区别;特征
7. n.区;地区;区域;行政区
8.disturb
9. v.分,划分
10.divorce
11. n.&v.怀疑,疑问,疑惑
12.drown
13. adj.渴望的,热切的
14.editor
15. n.教育;教养;训练
district
v.扰乱;打扰
divide
v.与……离婚;使分离;使脱离 n.离婚;分离;脱离
doubt
v.使溺死,使淹死;淹没
eager
n.编辑,主笔
education
16.date back (to)
17. 处理,对待,应付
18.deep/lost in thought
19. 依靠,依赖
20.devote oneself to_____________________
追溯到
deal with
沉思,苦思冥想
depend on
献身于,致力于
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In our modern world,when something wears out,we throw it away and buy a new one.The 1 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 2 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
How did we 3 a throw away society First of all,it is now easier to 4 an object than to spend time and money to repair it.Thanks to modern manufacturing(制造业) and technology,companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and
5 .
Another cause is our 6 of disposable(一次性的) products.As busy people,we are always looking for 7 to save time and make our lives panies 8 thousands of different kinds of disposable products:paper plates,plastic cups,and cameras,to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also 9 to the problem.We are addicted to buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that 10 . is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we 11 useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world,we can see the 12 of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.To 13 the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 14 ,this is not enough to solve our problem.
Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions instead of throwing them away.We also need to rethink our attitudes about 15 .Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
( )1.A.key B.reason C.project D.problem
( )2.A.gifts B.rubbish C.debt D.products
本文属于社会类短文。主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展,人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西,以新物品取而代之。而且,包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时,也给环境带来很大的压力。
1.D [考查名词辨析。A.关键;B.原因;C.项目;D.问题。根据第二行“the world...”可知,出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山。故选D。]
2.B [考查名词辨析。A.礼物;B.垃圾;C.债务;D.产品。句意:因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾,因此,垃圾堆积成山。故选B。]
( )3.A.face B.become C.observe D.change
( )4.A.hide B.control C.replace D.withdraw
3.B [考查动词辨析。A.面对;B.变成;C.观察,庆祝;D.改变。根据“First of all...”可知,这里讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因。故选B。]
4.C [考查动词辨析。A.躲藏;B.控制;C.代替;D.撤退,收回。句意:与花时间和钱修理相比,现在更容易更换物品。故选C。]
( )5.A.safe B.funny C.cheap D.powerful
( )6.A.love B.lack C.prevention D.division
5.C [考查形容词辨析。A.安全的;B.滑稽的;C.便宜的;D.强有力的。根据inexpensively可知,成本降低的话,产品价格相对也会降低。故选C。]
6.A [考查名词辨析。A.爱;B.缺少;C.阻止;D.划分。句意:另一个原因是人们对一次性产品的钟爱。故选A。]
( )7.A.ways B.places C.jobs D.friends
( )8.A.donate B.receive C.produce D.preserve
7.A [考查名词辨析。A.方法;B.地方;C.工作;D.朋友。a way to do sth.做某事的方法,固定搭配。故选A。]
8.C [考查动词辨析。A.捐赠;B.收到;C.生产;D.保存。句意:企业生产大量的一次性产品。故选C。]
( )9.A.adapts B.returns C.responds D.contributes
( )10.A.newer B.stronger C.higher D.larger
9.D [考查动词辨析。A.适应,改编;B.返回;C.回应;D.贡献。句意:人们对新产品的欲望促成了这一问题。故选D。]
10.A [考查形容词比较级。A.更新的;B.更强壮的;C.更高的;
D.更大的。句意:广告使人们相信新的更好。故选A。]
( )11.A.pick up B.pay for
C.hold onto D.throw away
( )12.A.advantages B.purposes
C.functions D.consequences
11.D [考查动词短语。A.捡起,学会;B.支付;C.抓住,坚持;D.扔掉。句意:人们扔掉自己的旧物品来为新的物品腾地方。故选D。]
12.D [考查名词辨析。A.有利条件;B.目的;C.功能,作用;D.后果。根据下一句可知,这里指的是乱扔垃圾的后果。故选D。]
( )13.A.show B.record C.decrease D.measure
( )14.A.Otherwise B.However
C.Therefore D.Meanwhile
13.C [考查动词辨析。A.显示,展示;B.记录;C.减少;D.测量。句意:越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品,这样做是为了减少垃圾。故选C。]
14.B [考查副词辨析。A.要不然;B.然而;C.因此;D.同时。句意:然而,只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的。故选B。]
( )15.A.spending B.collecting
C.repairing D.advertising
15.A [考查动词辨析。A.花费,度过;B.收集;C.修理;D.宣传。句意:我们也需要重新考虑消费的态度。根据最后一句,对我们的物品进行维修还有改变我们的消费习惯是少制造垃圾最好的方式。故选A。]
Ⅲ.写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
某英文杂志正在举办以“Fancy yourself as an interviewer”为主题的征文活动,请你以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview”为题,写一篇英语短文。 (2015年安徽卷)
内容包括:1.采访的对象;
2.采访的原因;
3.想提的问题。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview
The person I would like to interview is Yang Liwei.
A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview
The person I would like to interview is Yang Liwei.Because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.I’ve been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him.I wonder what made him an astronaut,how he was trained,how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I’ve read.I’d like to ask some questions about his personal life too.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A MOTHER’S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother’s Day.How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed.They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge.They had watched their mother in the kitchen.There was nothing to it.Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last.The alarm rang at 6 a.m..The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen.They decided to boil the porridge first.They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast.Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk.Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture.Next,Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan.Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread.The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds.Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.This time,she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.The next minute,the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.Jenna panicked.Thankfully,Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly.But the stove was a mess now.Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge.But Jeff’s hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain.Jenna made him put his hand in cold water.Then she caught the smell of burning.Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
As the twins looked around them in disappointment,their father appeared.
Paragraph 1
As the twins looked around them in disappointment,their father appeared.One look and he knew what they were up to.Seeing their crestfallen faces,he told them to clean up the kitchen while he helped them make breakfast for Mother.The twins cheered up and did as told.Within an hour,the kitchen was cleaned,and father had made some egg sandwiches and cooked some oat porridge.Then he sneaked back to bed.Meanwhile,the twins prepared the breakfast tray, added a card they had made and walked out of the kitchen.
Paragraph 2
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.They hugged her and yelled “Happy Mother’s Day,darling Mummy!” Mother hugged the twins.Her eyes widened at the sight of the breakfast tray.She shook father who was pretending to snore.He feigned astonishment when he saw the breakfast.Mother bit into a sandwich and said it was the best she had ever tasted.Jeff immediately wanted to have a bite.Jenna caught her father’s eye and they winked at each other secretly.
Paragraph 2:
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
(2021年全国卷Ⅰ)(共34张PPT)
Unit Fourteen
重点词汇必背
一、重点单词
1.discourage [dis k rid ] v.(使)气馁,使泄气;使失去信心;妨碍
2.discuss [dis k s] v.讨论,议论,辩论
3.dislike [dis laik] v.不喜爱;厌恶
4.dismiss [dis mis] v.打发走;遣散;解散; 解雇;开除
5.distance [ dist ns] n.距离;远处;疏远
6.distinction [di stik n] n.差别,区别;特征;荣誉;优秀,卓越
7.district [ distrikt] n.区;地区;区域;行政区
8.disturb [di st b] v.扰乱;打扰
9.divide [di vaid] v.分,划分
10.divorce [di v s] v.与……离婚;使分离;使脱离
n.离婚;分离;脱离
11.doubt [daut] n.怀疑,疑问,疑惑
v.怀疑,不相信
12.drown [draun] v.使溺死,使淹死;淹没
13.eager [ i g ] adj.渴望的,热切的
14.editor [ edit ] n.编辑,主笔
15.education [ edju kei n] n.教育;教养;训练
二、重点短语
16.date back (to) 追溯到
17.deal with 处理,对待,应付
18.deep/lost in thought 沉思,苦思冥想
19.depend on 依靠,依赖
20.devote oneself to 献身于,致力于
一、重点单词
1.discuss v.讨论,议论,辩论
构词 discussion n.讨论,议论,辩论
用法 discuss with 商谈;与……讨论
例句 We will discuss the proposal at the meeting.
我们将在会议上讨论这项提议。
核心词汇运用
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)在他们的争论中,我支持李先生。
In their ,I was in favor of Mr.Li.
(2)他昨天参加了我们的讨论。
He joined us yesterday.
(3)我有件非常重要的事和你商量。
I have something very important to you.
discussion
in the discussion
discuss with
2.distance n.距离;远处;疏远
构词 distant adj.疏远的;遥远的;远房的;陌生的;远行的
用法 at a good/some distance
有相当、一定距离,不近
from a distance 从远处
例句 It’s some distance to the shopping centre.
到购物中心相当远。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)再往前走不了多远,你就到了。
Walk on and there you are.
(2)他的继子对他仍然很疏远。
His stepson is still very him.
(3)车站离这儿很远。
The station is off.
a short distance
distant towards
a good distance
3.disturb v.扰乱;打扰
构词 disturbing adj.烦扰的;担心的;令人不安的
disturbed adj.不安的
用法 disturb a plan 打乱计划
disturb one’s sweet dreams 打扰某人的美梦
disturb with 用……搅动
disturb with fear 惊恐不安
例句 We do not tell each other what is disturbing us.
我们不告诉彼此什么烦扰着我们。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)这个令人烦扰的消息让我们很难过。
The news made us sad.
(2)他对那儿的局势感到很不安。
He about the situation there.
disturbing
is very disturbed
4.divide v.分,划分
构词 division n.划分,分开;除法
用法 divide into 分成
例句 Divide the cake into five equal parts.
把蛋糕分成五等份。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)对于那件事他们意见有分歧。
There was a of opinions on the matter among them.
(2)我希望我们不会因这分歧而对立起来。
I hope this disagreement will not us.
(3)阶级差异会造成国家的分裂。
Class differences can a nation.
division
divide
divide
5.doubt n.怀疑,疑问,疑惑 v.怀疑,不相信
构词 doubtful adj.可疑的,怀疑的,不确定的
doubtless adj.无疑的,确定的
用法 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
例句 There is no doubt that we will be successful.
毫无疑问我们会成功的。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)我肯定他会成功。
I do not he will succeed.
(2)当时大选的结果还看不准。
The outcome of the election was then.
(3)再说,我怀疑他是否会来。
Then again,I he will come.
(4)该报道的真实性是无可置疑的。
The truth of the report is .
doubt that
in doubt
doubt whether
beyond all doubt
6.drown v.使溺死,使淹死;淹没
构词 drowner n.溺死者
drowning n.溺水
用法 drown oneself in sth./doing sth.
使忙于……;沉浸于……
例句 The little girl drowned in the river.
小女孩在河里淹死了。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)乐队的演奏声把我们谈话的声音淹没了。
The band our conversation.
(2)多年来,他一直致力于英国文学的研究。
For years he has the study of English literature.
drowned
drowned himself in
7.education n.教育;教养;训练
构词 educate v.教育;教养;训练
educator n.教育工作者;教育学家
用法 educate to 使……教育成为
例句 Parents should educate their children to behave well.
父母应当教育子女守规矩。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)教育青少年不是件容易的事。
It is not easy to teenagers.
(2)教育能开发人的潜能。
can develop man’s potential abilities.
(3)任何国家都不容忽视教育。
No country can afford to neglect .
educate
Education
education
二、重点短语
8.date back (to) 追溯到
比较 date from 追溯到,开始于……
例句 It can date back to the 5th century B.C..
这可追溯到公元前5世纪。
操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。
(1)马拉松可以追溯到何时
What time can the marathon
(2)这个城堡可追溯到罗马时代。
This castle Roman times.
date back to
dates back to
9.deal with处理,对待,应付
比较 do with 处理
例句 I have a matter of importance to deal with.
我有要事要处理。
操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。
(1)他们没有准备好应付这种局面。
They were not equipped to the situation.
(2)他是个很难对付的人。
He was a difficult man to .
(3)那与我无关。
I have nothing to it.
deal with
deal with
do with
10.depend on/upon依靠,依赖
比较 It all depends.看情况而定。
例句 Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.
小孩依赖他们的父母供给衣食。
操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。
(1)万物生长靠太阳。
All living things the sun for their growth.
(2)我们靠收音机听新闻。
We the radio for news.
(3)一切都取决于她是否喜欢这个老板。
whether she likes the boss or not.
depend on
depend on
It all depends on
一、句子的种类
语法突破——句子种类
按说话的目的 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
按句子的结构 简单句、并列句、复合句。
二、按说话的目的分
句子种类 概念或用途
陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一种观点或看法。
疑
问
句 一般疑问句 提出问题只需回答“对”或“不对”(也就是yes或no)。
特殊疑问句 由特殊疑问词开头进行提问的问句。
选择疑问句 提问题时,提供两个或更多的可能,让被问的人作出选择性回答。
反意疑问句 前面一个陈述句,后面附加了一个简短的一般问句。
祈使句 用以表达命令、要求、请求、劝告或建议语气的句子。
感叹句 表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、愤怒等情绪的句子,由what,how引导。
三、按句子的结构分
句子种类 概念
简单句 句子成分都由单词或短语担任,且只有一个主谓结构。
并列句 把两个或更多的互不依从的句子连在一起构成的句子。
复合句 含有一个或一个以上从句的句子,包括名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、形容词性从句(定语从句)和副词性从句(状语从句)等。
四、五种基本简单句
主语+谓语(不及物动词)。e.g.Things changed.
主语+系动词+表语。e.g.He is a student.
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语。e.g.Henry bought a dictionary.
主语+谓语(及物动词)+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)。e.g.He gave his sister the piano.
主语+谓语(及物动词)+复合宾语(宾语+宾补)。e.g.Tom made the baby laugh.
五、并列句的分类
句子关系 连词
表示连接两个同等概念 and,not only...but also...,neither...nor..., then等。
表示选择 or,either...or...,otherwise等。
表示转折 but,still,however,yet,while, when等。
表示因果 so,for,therefore等。
【句子种类高考考点分析】
句子的种类在一般语法填空题中难以专门体现。主要体现在写作中。写好简单句是基础。从高考阅卷来看,只要句子错误少,哪怕都是一些简单句,也可以得到较高分数。所以我们写作中,不能强求长难句,写对简单句才是根本。
【同步练习】
一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:
1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.
2.The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
【答案】 简单句
【解析】 主谓宾结构。
【答案】 复合句
【解析】 含有who引导的定语从句。
3.There is a chair in this room,isn’t there
4.My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
【答案】 简单句
【解析】 反意疑问句。
【答案】 并列句
【解析】 第一个and连接主语,第二个and连接谓语。
5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
6.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.
【答案】 并列句
【解析】 and连接两个句子。
【答案】 复合句
【解析】 含有when引导的时间状语从句。
7.Neither has he changed his mind,nor will he do so.
8.What he said at the meeting is very important,isn’t it
【答案】 并列句
【解析】 neither ...nor...连接两个简单句。
【答案】 复合句
【解析】 含有what引导的主语从句。
9.The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.
10.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
【答案】 复合句
【解析】 含有how引导的宾语从句。
【答案】 并列句
【解析】 both ...and...连接两个主语。
二、判断下列句子的结构属于五种基本简单句的哪一种:
1.I like English.
2.It’s snowing now.
【答案】 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语。
【答案】 主语+谓语(不及物动词)。
3.They sat together very quietly.
4.We can put off the meeting.
【答案】 主语+谓语(不及物动词)。
【答案】 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语。
5.She cooked us a delicious meal.
6.The report sounds true.
【答案】 主语+谓语(及物动词)+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)。
【答案】 主语+系动词+表语。
7.He beat her black and blue.
8.I wish you happy.
【答案】 主语+谓语(及物动词)+复合宾语(宾语+宾补)。
【答案】 主语+谓语(及物动词)+复合宾语(宾语+宾补)。
9.We are all students.
10.She lent me two books.
【答案】 主语+系动词+表语。
【答案】 主语+谓语(及物动词)+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)。
高考话题:人际关系(interpersonal relationships)——亲子关系
An ideal relationship between parents and children is very important for our growth.They always show love and concern for us.They are our good listeners,advisers and supporters.With their help,we can overcome many difficulties in our life.
The relationship between parents and children should be filled with love,care and understanding,in which parents and children show respect for each other and exchange ideas freely.To build a relationship of this kind,parents should become friends of their children while children ought to place more trust in their parents and give voice to their feelings frankly.
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