(共38张PPT)
Unit Nine
Ⅰ.重点词汇测试(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)
1. n.条件,状况
2.conduct
3. adj.自信的,有信心的
4.confirm
5. n.斗争;冲突;争执
6.confuse_____________________________
condition
v.引导,带领;管理,指挥;传导
confident
v.证实;肯定;加强;使坚定;批准
conflict
v.使困惑,使迷惑,混淆
7. n.祝贺,庆贺
8.connect
9. n.保存;(自然资源的)保护
10.consider
11. v.包含,组成,构成
12.constant
13. v.构筑;建造,建设
14.consume
15. v.与……商量;咨询;请教
congratulation
v.连接,把……联系起来
conservation
v.考虑;细想,认为;把……看作
consist
adj.不变的;固定的;经常的;不断的
construct
v.消耗,耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)
consult
16.be tired of
17. 习惯(做)某事
18.be worth doing
19. 属于,是……的成员
20.blame...on/upon_________________________
对……厌倦、厌烦
be used to (doing) sth.
值得做
belong to
把……归咎于,责备
Ⅱ.阅读理解
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below 60,E.
Essays(60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course:Essay 1=10%;Essay 2=15%;Essay 3=15%; Essay 4=20%.
Group Assignments(30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业) during the course.All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard,our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/ Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class.Additionally,from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date,it will earn a zero.Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero.Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted. (2022年全国卷Ⅰ)
( )1.Where is this text probably taken from
A.A textbook. B.An exam paper.
C.A course plan. D.An academic article.
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍文学概论课程评分办法。
1.C [事实推理题。根据第二个小标题Essays(60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course:Essay 1=10%;Essay 2=15%;Essay 3=15%;Essay 4=20%.
可知,本文是介绍文学概论课程这门学科,是一个课程计划。故选C。]
( )2.How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.
2.B [细节理解题。根据小标题“Essays(60%)”“Group Assignments(30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework(10%)”可知,学生的成绩由这3部分组成的。故选B。]
( )3.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A.You will receive a zero. B.You will lose a letter grade.
C.You will be given a test. D.You will have to rewrite it.
3.A [事实推理题。根据最后一个小标题中的第二句If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date,it will earn a zero.可知,如果在截止日期后四天才交,将会给零分。故选A。]
B
Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula(芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story.It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly”(but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand,let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him,it’s more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. (2022年全国卷Ⅰ)
( )4.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story
A.We pay little attention to food waste.
B.We waste food unintentionally at times.
C.We waste more vegetables than meat.
D.We have good reasons for wasting food.
本文是一篇说明文,介绍日常生活中的食物浪费现象和Mike Curtin为解决这一问题做的努力。
4.B [事实推理题。根据第一段最后两句“But as days passed, the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;could have made six salads with what I threw out.”句意:但随着一天天过去,芝麻菜变质了。更糟糕的是,我不假思索地买了太多;我扔掉的都可做六份沙拉了。可知,作者想用芝麻菜这个故事来说明有时人们会不经意间就浪费了食物。故选B。]
( )5.What is a consequence of food waste according to the test
A.Moral decline. B.Environmental harm.
C.Energy shortage. D.Worldwide starvation.
5.B [事实细节题。根据第三段第二第三句“That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,”“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”句意:那会造成食物浪费成为一个环境问题。其实Royte在文中写道,“假设食物浪费是一个国家,它会成为世界上第三大温室气体排放国。”。由此可知,浪费食物就会造成环境危害。故选B。]
( )6.What does Curtin’s company do
A.It produces kitchen equipment.
B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.
D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.
6.D [事实细节题。根据第四段最后三句“Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的) produce,that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.”句意:去年,它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品,回收了超过807500磅的食物,否则这些农产品就会烂在地里。至于草莓 志愿者们通过清洗、切割、冷冻或晒干制成能在路上使用的餐食。可知,Curtin的公司用回购那些人们不想要的食物来制作食物。故选D。]
( )7.What does Curtin suggest people do
A.Buy only what is needed.
B.Reduce food consumption.
C.Go shopping once a week.
D.Eat in restaurants less often.
7.A [事实细节题。根据最后一段第二句“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat.”句意:每个人都能通过减少浪费起到一定作用,无论是每周不要购买多于必要的食物,还是在餐馆叫不完吃的配菜。可知,Curtin建议人们只买需要的东西。故选A。]
C
The elderly residents(居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia,a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said:“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.”
“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.I’m enjoying the creative activities,and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East,and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson,extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street,one of the first to embark on the project,said:“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis,director of Notting Hill Pathways,said:“We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
(2022年全国卷Ⅰ)
( )8.What is the purpose of the project
A.To ensure harmony in care homes.
B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C.To raise money for medical research.
D.To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述一个减少老人孤独和提高他们的福利的项目。
8.D [事实推理题。根据短文第二段第一句“The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.”句意:本项目由当地的一家慈善机构设计出来的,旨在减少老人的孤独和提高他们的福利。由此次可知,本项的目的是为了提高老人的幸福。故选D。]
( )9.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A.She has learned new life skills.
B.She has gained a sense of achievement.
C.She has recovered her memory.
D.She has developed a strong personality.
9.B [事实推理题。根据短文第五段最后一句“I’m enjoying the creative activities,and it feels great to have done something useful.”句意:我享受这些创造性的活动,感觉做些有用的事情很棒。
可知,这个项目给Ruth Xavier带来了成就感。故选B。]
( )10.What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in Paragraph 7
A.Improve. B.Oppose.
C.Begin. D.Evaluate.
10.C [词义猜测题。根据短文第七段Wendy Wilson 说的内容: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”句意:居民们真的欢迎这个项目的主意和创新性的活动。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣。又根据划线词汇前的one of the first 首批之一。可知Wendy Wilson是开始着手这项工程的元老之一。故选C。]
( )11.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A.It is well received.
B.It needs to be more creative.
C.It is highly profitable.
D.It takes ages to see the results.
11.A [事实推理题。根据短文第七段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.”句意:居民们真的欢迎这个项目的主意和创新性的活动。和最后一段“We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”句意:我们非常高兴参与这个项目。它真的会通过分享兴趣和创造性的活动帮助我们的居民联系起来。可知,这个项目的反响很好,得到了居民们的认可和接受。故选A。]
D
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds,from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals,such as “f” and “v”,were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐),making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later,our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构),making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran,a member of the research team.
(2022年全国卷Ⅰ)
( )12.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on
A.Its variety. B.Its distribution.
C.Its quantity. D.Its development.
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍饮食的改变导致了现存世界语言有一半出现了新的语音。
12.D [事实细节题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose.”句意:现在,瑞士苏黎世大学的Damian Blasi领导的一队研究人员发现了这一趋势是如何产生以及为什么会产生。可知Damian Blasi的研究聚焦在语言的发展趋势上即发展过程中。故选D。]
( )13.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B.They could not open and close their lips easily.
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
13.C [事实细节题。根据第三段第一句“They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned, making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.”句意:他们发现,古人类的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的,因此发唇齿音很难,唇齿音是通过下唇触碰上牙齿发出来的。可知,是因为古人的上下齿结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C。]
( )14.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A.Supporting evidence for the research results.
B.Potential application of the research findings.
C.A further explanation of the research methods.
D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.
14.A [主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句“Analyses of a language database also confirmed...”对语言数据库的分析也证实……可知,本段通过数据分析也能证明研究结果。故选A。]
( )15.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A.It is key to effective communication.
B.It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C.It is a complex and dynamic system.
D.It drives the evolution of human beings.
15.C [事实推理题。根据最后一段第二句“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution.”句意:自从有了人类,我们使用的语音不必一成不变,我们如今发现的各种语音是诸如生物变化和文化进化等复杂的相互作用的产物。可知,故选C。]
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Forgiveness
To forgive is a virtue,but no one has ever said it is easy.When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.However,forgiveness is possible,and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.People who forgive show less sadness,anger and stress and more hopefulness,according to a recent research.
16 Try the following steps:
Calm yourself. 17 You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love.
Don’t wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way. 18 Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.
Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者).Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who causes you pain.Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings,learn to look for the love,beauty and kindness around you.
19 If you understand your offender,you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness,fear,and even love.You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender’s point of view.
Don’t forget to forgive yourself. 20 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it.
A.Why should you forgive
B.How should you start to forgive
C.Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.
D.Try to see things from your offender’s angle.
E.For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F.To make your anger die away,try a simple stress-management technique.
G.If you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time.
本文为说明文。主要讲原谅冒犯你的人对你的身心健康大有裨益,但是该如何去原谅他们呢 可以通过以下几个步骤:使自己冷静下来;不要等待他人道歉;摆脱冒犯者对你的控制;从冒犯者的角度看问题以及原谅自己。
16.B [本句起到承上启下的作用,根据“Try the following steps...”可知答案,B项以问句的形式引出下文。]
17.F [F项中的“make your anger die away”与“calm yourself”意思一致。]
18.G [从本段可以看出,不要等待他人道歉。因为许多时候伤害你的人就没有打算道歉,他们也许故意想要伤害你或者是和你看问题的方式不同,如果等待他人道歉,就会等相当长的时间。G项中的“wait for people to apologize”与本段标题一致。]
19.D [根据“If you understand your offender”以及“from your offender’s point of view”可看出,本段标题为D项,即“从冒犯者的角度看问题”。]
20.E [本段标题为“不要忘记原谅自己”与E项中的“forgiving themselves”一致,正好能连接。]
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 1 they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 (poor) studied;however,biologists calculate that there are about 20,000—25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 4 . (perform) consistently over a large area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a 6 (believe) that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 7 . (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 8 . (high) than they actually are.Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six 10 (be) stable, one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.
(2019年新课标全国卷Ⅰ)
1.that [考查名词性从句。空后句子成分完整,故此处为同位语从句,用that连接。]
2.poorly [考查形容词变副词。此空修饰后面的studied,故用副词形式。]
3.of/for [考查介词。method后接of 或for 表示某种问题的解决办法。]
4.to perform [考查动词不定式用法。expensive形容词后接不定式形式做状语。]
5.have reported [考查动词时态。主语是some Inuit people复数,句首的In recent years可知用现在完成时态。故用have reported。]
6.belief [考查词类转换。由空前的冠词a 可知此处用名词形式。]
7.noting [考查动名词。空前by是介词,故此处要用动名词形式。]
8.higher [考查形容词比较等级。由空后的than 可知此处要用比较级。]
9.the [考查冠词。特指19个北极熊亚群。]
10.are [考查主谓一致。根据前文“three are”可知此处用are。six是复数含义。](共31张PPT)
Unit Nine
重点词汇必背
一、重点单词
1.condition [k n di n] n.条件,状况
2.conduct [k n d kt] v.引导,带领;管理,指挥;传导
3.confident [ k nfid nt] adj.自信的,有信心的;确信的,有把握的
4.confirm [k n f m] v.证实;肯定;加强;使坚定;批准
5.conflict [ k nflikt] n.斗争;冲突;争执
6.confuse [k n fju z] v.使困惑,使迷惑,混淆
7.Congratulation [k n gr tju lei n] n.祝贺,庆贺
8.connect [k nekt] v.连接,把……联系起来
9.conservation [ k ns vei n] n.保存;(自然资源的)保护,管理;守恒
10.consider [k n sid ] v.考虑;细想,认为;把……看作
11.consist [k n sist] v.包含,组成,构成
12.constant [ k nst nt] adj.不变的;固定的;经常的;不断的
n.常数;恒量
13.construct [k n str kt] v.构筑;建造,建设
14.consume [k n sju m] v.消耗,耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)
15.consult [k n s lt] v.与……商量;咨询;请教;向……征求;查 阅
二、重点短语
16.be tired of 对……厌倦、厌烦
17.be used to (doing) sth.习惯(做)某事
18.be worth doing 值得做
19.belong to 属于,是……的成员
20.blame...on/upon 把……归咎于,责备
一、重点单词
1.condition n.条件,状况 v.以……为条件
构词 conditional adj.有条件的
air conditioner 空调
用法 on condition that
条件是……(引导条件状语从句)
on no condition 绝不
in/under...condition 处于……状态
out of condition 身体欠佳
living/working conditions 生活或工作环境
例句 You must on no condition tell him what happened.
你绝不应该告诉他所发生的事。
核心词汇运用
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)我可以把书借给你,条件是你下星期得还给我。
I’ll let you have the book you should return it to me next week.
(2)我最近不能做太多运动,所以身体不太好。
I have not been able to get much exercise lately,so I am
.
(3)运动员必须锻炼以保持良好的竞技状态。
Athletes must train to be .
on condition that
out of condition
in good condition
2.confident adj.自信的,有信心的;确信的,有把握的
构词 confidence n.信任;把握;信心
self-confidence n.自信
用法 confident about/of 相信;对……确信的
confident in sb.信任某人
例句 We have full confidence that we shall succeed.
我们完全有把握取得成功。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)你的鼓励使我对我的未来更加有信心。
Your encouragement made me more my future.
(2)我没有足够的信心前进了。
I hadn’t got enough go ahead.
(3)一个人一定要对自己有信心。
One has to be himself.
confident of
confidence to
confident in
3.confuse v.使困惑,使迷惑,混淆
构词 confused adj.困惑的;混乱的,混杂的
confusing adj.使人困惑的;令人费解的
用法 confuse...with 将……混淆
例句 Please don’t confuse Australia with Austria.
别把澳大利亚和奥地利混淆了。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)你把计划改来改去,我都糊涂了。
All your changes of plan have made me totally .
(2)盒子上的使用说明含混不清。
The instructions on the box are very .
confused
confusing
4.congratulation n.祝贺,庆贺
构词 congratulate v.祝贺,庆贺
用法 congratulations on sth.=congratulate sb.on/upon (doing) sth. 就……向某人表示祝贺
例句 We congratulated him on having passed the exam.
我们祝贺他通过了考试。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)恭贺你喜结良缘。
on your marriage.
(2)我祝贺你的伟大发现。
I you your great discovery.
Congratulations
congratulate
on
5.connect v.连接,把……联系起来
构词 connection n.联系;关系;连接;亲戚
用法 connect to 与……衔接
connect with与……相连
例句 It’s natural to connect Australia with kangaroos.
把澳大利亚和袋鼠联想在一起是很自然的。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)我和他没有直接关系。
I have no immediate him.
(2)我无法连接到家庭网络。
I can’t my home network.
connection with
connect to
6.consider v.考虑;细想,认为;把……看作
构词 consideration n.考虑;体贴;考虑因素
considering prep.鉴于;考虑到
considerate adj.考虑周到的;体贴的
用法 consider as/to be把……看作;认为
例句 I consider it a great honor to be invited to dinner.
我认为能被邀请参加晚宴是很大的荣幸。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)他被看作是没受过教育的人。
He was an uneducated man.
(2)鉴于他的年龄,这个孩子读得相当好。
his age,the child reads quite well.
(3)你为我带来雨衣,真是想得周到。
It was you to bring me my raincoat.
considered as/to be
Considering
considerate of
7.construct vt.构筑;建造,建设
构词 construction n.建设;结构;建筑物;建造;构造
用法 under construction在修建中
例句 They are planning to construct a new supermarket.
他们正在计划建造一个新的超级市场。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)有两座新桥正在修建。
There are two new bridges .
(2)这家工厂是由我们公司建设的。
This factory our company.
(3)你必须学会怎样确立合乎逻辑的论点。
You must learn a logical argument.
under construction
as constructed by
how to construct
二、重点短语
8.be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯(做)某事
比较 used to do 过去常常做(现在不做了)
例句 She has been used to living alone.
她已习惯了一个人生活。
操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。
(1)他习惯吃过晚饭后浏览一下各种报纸。
He glancing over newspapers after supper.
(2)这里的生活比过去容易多了。
Life here is much easier than it be.
(3)你不久就会适应云南的天气。
You’ll soon the climate in Yunnan.
is used to
used to
get used to
9.be worth doing值得做
比较 be worthy of+n./doing(被动用being done) 或be worthy to do 值得
例句 The movie was definitely worth seeing.
那部电影真的很值得看。
操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。
(1)凡是忠于职守的人都值得赞扬。
He who does his duty is worth .
(2)那件事是值得记忆的。
The event is worthy remembered.
praising
of being/to be
10.belong to属于,是……的成员
比较 belong with/in/under
与……有关;和……是一起的或一类的
用法 无被动用法
例句 The Chinese belong to the yellow race.
中国人属于黄种人。
操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。
(1)中国属于第三世界。
China the third world.
(2)你是一个很好的人,但是我们没缘分。
You are a good person,but we don’t each other.
belongs to
belong with
语法突破——动词的种类
种类 用法 归类
情态
动词 表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法。不能单独作谓语,只能和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。 can/could/must/may/might/ought to/need/dare/shall/should/will/would/ used to/had better/have to.
Little Maggie can dress herself now.
种类 用法 归类
助动
词 协助动词的词。不能独立作谓语。和后面的主要动词(适当形式:原形、分词)一起构成谓语。 be动词:am/is/are/was/were/been/being.
My little daughter is making a small snowman.
do/does/did.
Does Bob live with you
have/has/had/having.
You haven’t been abroad before,have you
shall.
Shall we go swimming this evening
will/would.
Would you please open the window for me
续表：
续表：
种类 用法 归类
系动
词 系动词,亦称连系动词,后边必须跟表语,构成系表结构一起作谓语。用以说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 状态:be.
My mother is a doctor.
表象:look/appear/seem.
He seems (to be) very sad.
感官:feel/smell/sound/taste.This kind of cloth feels very soft.
持续:keep/rest/remain/last/stand/stay.
The ticket price remains unchanged.
变化:become/grow/turn/go/get/fall/ come/run.
The meat went bad because of the hot weather.
续表：
种类 用法 归类
实义
动词 即行为动词,表示动作的词。能够独立作谓语。 A.不及物动词:不能直接跟宾语,若跟宾语,必须加上介词。
主语+动词+状语:bathe,breathe, cheer,cycle,dance, isappear,continue,exist,fall,fish, float,flow 等。
主语+动词+介词+宾语:aim at,look at,stare at,stay at,glance at,laugh at, contact with sb.,deal with, disagree with,end in/up with,wait for,depend on等。
不及物动词短语:show up,break down,break out,turn up,die out,give out.
B.及物动词:后面可以直接跟宾语。accept,borrow,love,bury,give,tell,send,offer,buy,prepare,teach,find,eat,enjoy等。
续表：
种类 用法 归类
实义
动词
即行为动词,表示动作的词。能够独立作谓语。 C.谓语动词:在句子中作谓语的动词。
The train leaves London at six.
D.非谓语动词:在句子中不是用作谓语的动词: to do,doing,done.
He asked me to read the text aloud.
【动词高考考点分析】
动词种类的考查主要是涉及谓语动词和非谓语动词的考查;也有时态和语态的考查。复习时要把常用的时态和语态弄懂。考点部分的分析和讲解就放到谓语动词和非谓语动词部分、时态和语态部分,这里不再重复。
(2014年全国卷Ⅱ)Then the driver stood up and asked,“ 68 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ”
【分析】 68.Did。考查助动词。在一般疑问句中,句中用实义动词lose,需要加助动词,句子的时态是一般过去时,故用did。
【同步练习】
单项选择
( )1.Just be patient.You expect the world to change so soon.
A.can’t B.needn’t C.may not D.will not
【答案】 A
【解析】 “要有耐心,你不能指望世界变化那么快。”can’t意为“不能”,符合题意。
( )2.You buy a gift,but you can if you want to.
A.must B.mustn’t
C.have to D.don’t have to
【答案】 D
【解析】 “你不需要买礼物,但是如果你想买的话也可以。” don’t have to表示“不必”,符合题意。
( )3.Nowadays some young people go out of their homes to contact the real world.
A.mustn’t B.won’t
C.mightn’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】 B
【解析】 “现在有些年轻人不愿意走出家去接触真实的世界。”will表示自愿做某事,won’t “不愿意”符合题意。
( )4.Some people eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what
nice.
A.looks B.smells C.feels D.tastes
【答案】 A
【解析】 “有些人吃东西靠视觉。他们更愿意点看上去好看的东西。”根据with their eyes 判断用动词looks,表示“看上去”。
( )5.—Which of those radios sounds
—The smallest one.
A.good B.well C.better D.best
【答案】 A
【解析】 考查感官动词的用法, sound为感官动词,后接形容词。
( )6. —What is Mum cooking in the kitchen
—Fish,I guess.How nice it !
A.looks B.sounds
C.tastes D.smells
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据意境,食物还在厨房里煮,我们只能闻到气味,用感官动词smells作系动词。
( )7. at my classmates’ faces,I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A.Looking B.Look
C.To look D.Looked
【答案】 A
【解析】 考查非谓语动词,句子中I 是动词look的执行者,二者是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。
( )8.With cost,it is difficult for him to make ends .
A.rising;meet B.risen;to meet
C.raising;meet D.raised;meeting
【答案】 A
【解析】 “随着成本的上涨,他很难使收支相抵。”第一个空, rise为不及物动词,意为“上升”, rising上升的,现在分词作定语;第二个空为使役动词make后接不带to的动词不定式。
( )9.With the cooking ,I went on some sewing.
A.done;to do B.being done;doing
C.to be done;doing D.to have done;doing
【答案】 A
【解析】 第一个空为with的复合结构, cooking和do之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词done;go on to do表示继续做另一件事。
( )10.They in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A.carried out B.carried off
C.carried on D.carried forwards
【答案】 C
【解析】 考查动词和介词的搭配。“尽管条件很艰苦,他们还是坚持不懈。”carry on继续,坚持。
高考话题:学校生活(school life)——中学生参加课外活动的利弊
As we all know,there’re always two sides to every debate.On one hand,taking part in after-class activities has its advantages.Firstly,it enriches our experience and makes our school life more colorful. Secondly,it is after-class activities that relax us after a long time of study.Thirdly,participating in these activities can keep us energetic, which is good for our health.On the other hand,its disadvantages are also evident.To begin with,attracted by these activities,students may lose their interests in study.Besides,it takes up students lots of time, which is bad for their study.
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