(共39张PPT)
Unit Twenty-Five
Ⅰ.重点词汇测试(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)
1. adj.狭窄的;受限制的
2.native
________________________________________
3. adj.正常的;自然的
4.necessary
5. adj.紧张不安的
6.noisy
narrow
adj.出生的,土生的;本土的;本国的;自然的
n.本地人;土著
natural
adj.必需的,必要的;必然的
nervous
adj.喧闹的,嘈杂的,噪音大的
7. adj.正常的,标准的;正规的
8.notice
9. v.服从,遵守
10.object
____________________________
11. v.看到,观察
12.obtain
13. adj.显然的,清楚的,显而易见的
14.occupy
normal
v.看到,听到,感觉到,注意到 n.预告,通告;注意
obey
n.物体;对象;目的;目标;宾语
v.反对;抗议;不赞成;不喜欢
observe
v.获得,得到,买到;制定,通过
obvious
v .占有;占用;占领,占据;担任;使从事
15. v.发生,突然想起
16.keep up with
17. 敲门
18.knock down
19. 撞到某人
20.laugh at
occur
追上,赶上
knock at/on the door
撞倒,摧毁,拆除,推倒
knock into sb.
嘲笑
Ⅱ.阅读理解
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
The Brown Bear
My wife Laura and I were on the beach,with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear.The bear was thin and small,moving aimlessly.
Just a few minutes later,I heard my daughter shouting,“Dad! The bear is right behind us!” An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute.This one was silent and its ears pinned back—the sign(迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill.And it was a cold April day.The bear behaved abnormally,probably because of hunger.
I held my camera tripod(三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me.Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders,and the tripod stuck across its mouth.It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight.I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.
Even so,this was a fight I had to win:I was all that stood between the bear and my family,who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.
The bear hit at the camera,cutting it off the tripod.I raised my left arm to protect my face;the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side.My arm could not move,and I sensed that my bones were going to break.
Drawing back my free hand,I struck the bear as hard as I could for five or six times.The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur,trying to push it away.I was actually wrestling(扭打) with the bear at this point.Then,as suddenly as it had begun,the fight ended. The bear moved back towards the forest,before returning for another attack—the first time I felt panic.
Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat,the bear moved off,destroying a fence as it went.My arm was injured,but the outcome for us could hardly have been better.I’m proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.
( )1.The brown bear approached the family in order to .
A.catch shore birds
B.start an attack
C.protect the children
D.set up a barrier for itself
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是一位父亲与熊搏斗的故事。
1.B [细节理解题。由题干“The brown bear approached the family in order to”锁定关键词approached,定位原文第二段“...The bear is right behind us!...This one was silent and its ears pinned back—the sign(迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill.”选项B.start an attack是对原文for the kill的同义改写。A、C、D三项原文均没有提及。]
( )2.The bear finally went away after it .
A.felt safe B.got injured
C.found some food D.took away the camera
2.A [细节理解题。由题干went away,定位原文最后一段“Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat,the bear moved off...”,选项A.felt safe 是对原文no further threat的同义改写。B、C、D三项原文没有提及。]
( )3.The writer and his family survived mainly due to their____.
A.pride B.patience
C.calmness D.cautiousness
3.C [推理判断题。选项单词为完形常考单词,用在这里,学生识别难度不大,但是本身题目在文章中没有固定答案出处。要结合父亲处理事情方式的细节描写,与熊搏斗的细节描写,原文最后一段“I’m proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.”, 结合四个单词的意思,选出正确答案。calmness译为冷静、镇静,是对原文remained clear-headed的同义替换。A选项译为骄傲;B选项译为耐心;D选项译为谨慎、小心,均不符合原文表述。]
B
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium(水族馆)
The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD,is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family.Having 12 amazing zones of discovery,Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.
◆Opening Times
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 a.m.until 6:00 p.m.every day of the year,including public holidays.Last admission is at 5:00 p.m.,one hour before closing.
◆Location(位置)
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street,Melbourne.It is situated on the Yarra River,opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.
◆Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium
Train
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations.
Tram(有轨电车)
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route(公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle Trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.
Shuttle Bus
The Melbourne City Tourist Shuttle is a free bus service,stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City.Running daily,every 15 minutes from 10:00 a.m.to 4:00 p.m..
◆Car Parking
While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.
◆Wheelchair Access
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones.Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.
◆Terms
Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your tickets once payment has been accepted. Please print all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium.No ticket,no entry!
( )4.Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium .
A.is located at the centre of the CBD in the city
B.has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne
C.admits visitors from 9:30 a.m.until 6:00 p.m.
D.is beside Crown Entertainment Complex
本文是一篇应用文。介绍水族馆信息。
4.A [细节理解题。文中有效信息“The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD”,与选项A表述“at the centre of the CBD in the city”一致。B中“most attractive places”与原文表述“zones of discovery”不符,属于夸大事实,故错误。C中“admits visitors from 9:30 a.m.until 6:00 p.m.”违背了原文表述“Last admission is at 5:00 p.m.”,故错误。D中“beside”与原文“opposite”不符,故错误。]
( )5.Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,visitors can take _______.
A.trains from Southern Cross train station
B.shuttle buses around the train station
C.boats across the Yarra River
D.either tram route 70 or 75
5.D [细节理解题。由题干“Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium,visitors can take”锁定关键词Getting to,visitors can take定位“◆”“Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium”这一部分。由“The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route(公交线路) and also routes 70 and 75.”得知D正确。]
( )6.Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors .
A.free car parking B.wheelchair access
C.Internet connection D.transportation service
6.B [细节理解题。由题干“Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors”锁定关键词offers visitors 由Wheelchair Access可知B正确;原文中没有提到“免费的”停车场,故A错;C、D原文未提到。]
( )7.Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium .
A.are free to all visitors
B.can be purchased by email
C.are checked at the entrance
D.can be printed at the ticket office
7.C [细节理解题。由题干“Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ”锁定关键词Tickets 定位到最后一段。C选项与“Please print all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance”一致,A原文未提到“票都免费”, B 属于扭曲意思。原文是说“购买票后可以通过email传过来”,而不是通过email 买;D 文中未提到可以在售票厅打印票。]
C
What will people die of 100 years from now If you think that is a simple question,you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology(生物技术).With the help of new medicine,the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents,murder and war.Today’s leading killers,such as heart disease,cancer,and aging itself,will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes,the Internet gets most of the attention these days.But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times.How long can humans live Human brains were known to decide the final death.Cells(细胞) are the basic units of all living things,and until recently,scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells,such as those of brain cells,would not last forever.But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100,medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so,people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs.The medicine,made up of the basic building materials of life,will build new brain cells,heart cells,and so on—in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence,but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
( )8.According to the passage,human death is now mainly caused by .
A.diseases and aging B.accidents and war
C.accidents and aging D.heart disease and war
本文主要介绍医学的进步表现在药物上,很可能让人长寿。
8.A [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Today’s leading killers,such as heart disease,cancer,and aging itself,will become distant memories.”可知选A。]
( )9.In the author’s opinion,today’s most important advance in technology lies in .
A.medicine B.the Internet
C.brain cells D.human organ
9.A [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times.”可知。]
( )10.Humans may live longer in the future because .
A.heart disease will be far away from us
B.human brains can decide the final death
C.the basic materials of cells will last forever
D.human organs can be repaired by new medicine
10.D [细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs”可知。]
( )11.We can learn from the passage that .
A.human life will not last more than 120 years in the future
B.humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now
C.much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life
D.we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells
11.C [推理判断题。由最后一段“...but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future”得出答案。]
D
We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style.That’s bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation—Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And MP3 players, smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.
As we accumulated more devices,however,we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.We’re not just keeping these old devices—we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.
So what’s the solution(解决方案) The team’s data only went up to 2007,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more on—demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.
(2018年新课标全国卷Ⅰ)
( )12.What does the author think of new devices
A.They are environment-friendly.
B.They are no better than the old.
C.They cost more to use at home.
D.They go out of style quickly.
12.A [推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句That’s bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.可知过时的装置比新装置消耗的能源更多,所以可以推断新装置更环保,故选A。]
( )13.Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research
A.To reduce the cost of minerals.
B.To test the life cycle of a product.
C.To update consumers on new technology.
D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.
13.D [事实细节题。根据第二段第一句To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.可知D是正确答案。]
( )14.Which of the following uses the least energy
A.The box-set TV. B.The tablet.
C.The LCDTV. D.The desktop computer.
14.B [推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.及最后一段最后一句They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.可知B正确。]
( )15.What does the text suggest people to do about old electronic devices
A.Stop using them. B.Take them apart.
C.Upgrade them. D.Recycle them.
15.A [推理判断题。根据全文及最后一段可知使用新装置消耗的能量更少,所以推断出文章建议停止使用旧装置。]
第二节(共5小题,每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping.I would have laughed heartily. Campers,in my eyes,were people who enjoyed insects bites,ill-cooked meals,and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me. 16 .
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 17 We sleep in a tent,cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
I was,nevertheless,talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 18 Instead,we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
19 We have done a lot of it since then.Recently,we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom,a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
20 It must be true that sooner or later,everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.
(2017年新课标全国卷Ⅰ)
A.This time there was no tent.
B.Things are going to be improved.
C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then,however.
E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F.After the trip,my family became quite interested in camping.
G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
本文主要讲述的是作者对露营的态度前后的转变。
16.D [根据前文可知三年前作者认为露营和自己无关,而后文中表明作者热爱露营。暗示此次作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however就起到了很好的转折作用。其次,If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping.暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前,D选项中的since then “自从那时候起”,和前文时间吻合。故选D。]
17.C [根据后文We sleep in a tent,cooked over an open fire,and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦,C选项The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的rough暗示了这一点,符合语境。故选C。]
18.A [根据前文We sleep in a tent,cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷,露天生火做饭,走很远的距离去洗澡上厕所,条件很艰苦。而后文中Instead,we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项This time there was no tent “这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露营,而且条件比较好,符合语境。故选A。]
19.F [根据后文we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom,a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车,里面设备齐全。既然花了这么大精力,说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip,my family became quite interested in camping “那次露营之后,我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境,故选F。]
20.E [根据后文It must be true that sooner or later,everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法,而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. 我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营,既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结,也很好地衔接了后文。故选E。]
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mr.Jones woke early one morning.It was a beautiful morning,so he went to the window and looked out.He was surprised 1 . (see) a neatly dressed,middle-aged professor, 2 worked in the university near his house.He had grey hair and thick glasses,and was carrying 3 umbrella,a morning newspaper and a bag.
Mr.Jones thought that he must have arrived 4 the night train and decided to walk to the university instead of 5 (take) a taxi.
Mr.Jones had a big tree in his garden,and the children had tied a long rope to one of 6 (it) branches,so that they could swing on it.
Mr.Jones was surprised to see the professor stop and look 7 . (careful) up and down the road.When he saw that there was nobody in sight,he stepped into the garden(there was no fence),put his umbrella,newspaper,bag and hat neatly on the grass and took hold of the rope.He pulled it hard to see 8 it was strong enough to take his weight,then 9 (run) as fast as he could and swung into the air on the end of the rope.
At last the professor stopped and continued on his way to the university, 10 (look) as quiet and correct as one would expect a professor to be.
本文讲述了一天早上,Mr.Jones起床后,在窗边观察到了在他家附近大学上班的中年教授的过程。
1.to see [考查非谓语动词。不定式作状语。]
2.who [考查关系代词。非限制性定语从句,从句缺表示人的主语,故用who。]
3.an [考查冠词。泛指一把伞。]
4.by [考查介词。by the night train乘坐夜班火车。]
5.taking [考查非谓语动词。介词后接动名词形式。]
6.its [考查代词。指代a big tree,用形容词性物主代词作定语。]
7.carefully [考查词类转换。副词修饰动词短语look up。]
8.whether/if [考查引导词。引导宾语从句,表“是否”。]
9.ran [考查动词时态。此处为一般过去时。]
10.looking [考查非谓语动词。现在分词作状语。](共32张PPT)
Unit Twenty-Five
重点词汇必背
一、重点单词
1.narrow [ n r u] adj.狭窄的;受限制的;勉强的;气量小的
2.native [ neitiv] adj.出生地的;土生的;本土的;本国的;自然的 n.本地人;当地产的动(植)物;土著
3.natural [ n t r l] adj.平常的,正常的;自然的,天然的,非人 为的;天生的,生来的,固有的
4.necessary [ nes s ri] adj.必需的,必要的;必然的
5.nervous [ n v s] adj.神经的;神经过敏的,神经质的;紧张不 安的
6.Noisy [ n izi] adj.喧闹的,嘈杂的,噪音大的
7.normal [ n m l] adj.正常的,标准的;正规的;普通的;垂直的
n.标准;常态;常温;垂直线
8.notice [ n utis] v.看到,听到,感觉到,注意到 n.预告,通告
9.obey [ bei] v.服从,遵守
10.observe [ b z v] v.看到,观察,监视,观测
11.obtain [ b tein] v.获得,得到,买到;制定,通过
12.obvious [ bvi s] adj.显然的,清楚的,显而易见的
13.object [ bd ikt] n.物,物体;对象;目的;目标;宾语
v.反对;抗议;不赞成;不喜欢
14.occupy [ kjupai] v.占有;占用;占领,占据;担任;使从事
15.occur [ k ] v.发生,突然想起;出现,存在
二、重点短语
16.keep up with 追上,赶上
17.knock at/on the door 敲门
18.knock down 撞倒,摧毁,拆除,推倒
19.knock into sb.撞到某人
20.laugh at 嘲笑
一、重点单词
1.native adj.出生地的;土生的;本土的;本国的;自然的
n.本地人;……出生的人;土著
构词 natively adv.生来地,天然地
用法 native place 本籍,籍贯
native speaker说本族语的人
native language母语
例句 My native language is Chinese.
我的母语是汉语。
核心词汇运用
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)那天傍晚我到达我的故乡。
I arrived at my that evening.
(2)你可以从他的蓝眼睛看出他不是中国本土的人。
You can tell from his blue eyes that he isn’t China.
(3)他天生的音乐才能给老师留下了深刻印象。
His musical ability impressed his teacher.
native town
native to
native
2.natural adj.平常的,正常的;自然的,天然的,非人为的;天生的,生 来的,固有的
构词 nature n.自然界;性质;自然;自然状态;本性
naturally adv.天生地,自然地
用法 come natural to sb.对某人来说轻而易举
natural for 与(某人本性、作风)相符合的
例句 I prefer to see animals living in their natural state.
我宁愿看处于野生状态的动物。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)人生的终极目标是和自然和谐相处。
The goal of life is living in agreement with .
(2)他爱上那位美丽的姑娘是很自然的事。
that he should fall in love with such a beautiful girl.
(3)她好像是个天才的歌手。
Singing seems to come quite her.
nature
It is natural
natural to
3.necessary adj.必需的,必要的;必然的
构词 necessity n.需要;必需品;必然
用法 It is necessary可以接由that引导的主语从句,从句中的谓语 动词一般要用虚拟式(多为动词原形)。
例句 Do you have the necessary skills for this job
你具备做这项工作所必需的技能吗
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)如有必要,我会再去那里的。
If ,I’ll go there again.
(2)需要是发明之母。
is the mother of invention.
(3)年轻人和老年人有必要保持更多的联系。
It’s that young and old people should communicate more with each other.
necessary
Necessity
necessary
4.noisy adj.喧闹的,嘈杂的,噪音大的
构词 noise n.噪音,喧闹声
用法 make noise 发出噪音
例句 The bus was packed with noisy school children.
这辆公共汽车里挤满了吵吵嚷嚷的小学生。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)我喜欢安静的乡村胜过喧闹的城市。
I prefer the quiet countryside to the cities.
(2)尽管有喧闹声也要设法睡着。
Try to sleep in spite of the .
noisy
noise
5.observe v.看到,观察,监视,观测
构词 observation n.观察;观察力;注意;评论
用法 observe sb.do/doing sth.
看见或注意到某人做了或在做某事
例句 He observes carefully but says little.
他总是仔细观察,很少说话。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)他做了个望远镜,用其观察星座。
He made a telescope through which he could the stars.
(2)每位公民都应该遵守交通规则。
All citizens should traffic rules.
(3)她看见一个人在马路对面走着。
She a man walking on the opposite side of the road.
observe
observe
observed
6.object n.物,物体;对象;目的;目标;宾语
v.反对;抗议;不赞成;不喜欢
构词 objective adj.客观的;真实的;宾语的
n.目标;目的
用法 object to 反对……
例句 He has no object in life.
他没有生活的目标。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)日落西山时,天空出现了一个移动的发亮物体。
A bright moving appeared in the sky at sunset.
(2)归根结底,我反对这个建议。
In the final analysis,I the proposal.
(3)她就发生的事情进行客观的报告。
She gives an report of what has happened.
object
object to
objective
7.occupy v.占有;占用;占领,占据;担任;使从事
构词 occupation n.职业,占用
用法 occupy oneself in/with从事于,忙于
例句 She is now fully occupied with her homework.
她现在在专心致志地做家庭作业。
操练 根据句子要求,完成句子。
(1)这个座位有人坐吗
Is this seat
(2)阅读占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。
Reading most of my spare time.
(3)这些书占了很多地方。
These books a lot of space.
occupied
occupies
occupy
二、重点短语
8.knock down撞倒,摧毁,拆除,推倒
比较 push down 推倒
cut down 削减
pull down拉下
例句 These old houses are going to be knocked down.
这些旧房子将被拆除。
操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。
(1)亚历克昨天被公共汽车撞倒了。
Alec by a bus yesterday.
(2)他用一记有力的左手拳将对手击倒。
He his opponent with a powerful left.
was knocked down
knocked down
9.knock into sb.撞到某人;碰巧遇到
比较 knock down 击倒
come across 碰巧遇到……
例句 He would almost knock into me before he saw me.
他几乎就要撞到我的身上时才看到我。
操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。
(1)我昨天在公园里碰见一位老朋友。
I an old friend of mine in the park yesterday.
(2)那个男孩撞到了她身上。
The boy her.
knocked into/came across
knocked into
10.laugh at 嘲笑
比较 smile at 对……微笑
例句 It’s not humorous to laugh at your own jokes.
因你自己的笑话而笑就不幽默了。
操练 填入适当的词使句子完整。
(1)请不要嘲笑他。
Please don’t him.
(2)那个无礼的男孩嘲笑自己的父亲。
The disrespectful boy his father.
laugh at
laughed at
语法突破——直省略和插入语
一、省略
省略情况 说明
简单句中的
省略 1.省略主语:祈使句中主语通常省略。其他省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。
2.省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。
3.省略作宾语的不定式短语,只保留to。若该宾语是be动词或完成时态,则需在to之后加上be或have。
4.省略表语。
5.同时省略几个成分。
并列句中
的省略 两个并列分句中,后一个分句常省略与前一个分句中相同的部分。
主从复合句中的省略 1.主句中有一些成分被省略。
2.省略了一个从句或从句的一部分,用so或not(切不可用it或that)代替。
续表：
省略情况 说明
其他省略 1.连词that的省略:①宾语从句中常省略连词that;②在定语从句中,that在从句中作宾语时可省略;③引导主语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略,在表语从句中偶尔可省略。
2.不定式符号to的省略:①并列的不定式可省去后面的to;
②使役动词let,make,have及感官动词see,watch,notice,
hear,feel,look at和listen to等后面的宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中需把to复原;
③介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带to。
3.在某些状语从句中,从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可省去“主语 + be”部分。
4.连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略,但后面的语序常用倒装。
5.主句与从句各有一些成分省略。
二、插入语
插入情况 说明
插入语
的类型 1.副词作插入语有:indeed的确,surely无疑,however然而, obviously显然,frankly坦率地说,naturally自然,luckily幸运, fortunately幸好,strangely奇怪,honestly真的,briefly简单地说等。
2.形容词或其短语作插入语有:true真的,funny真可笑, strange to say说也奇怪,needless to say不用说,most important of all最为重要,worse still更糟糕的等。
续表：
插入情况 说明
插入语
的类型 3.介词短语作插入语有:in a few words (或in sum,in short)简而言之,in other words换句话说,in a sense在某种意义上,in general一般来说,in my view在我看来,in his opinion (judgement)按照他的意见(判断),in conclusion总之,in summary概括地说,in fact事实上,in the first place首先,in addition此外,of course当然,to our knowledge据我们所知,to my joy/delight/satisfaction使我欣慰、高兴、满意的是,to their surprise(astonishment,amazement)使他们惊奇的是,to her regret(disappointment) 使她遗憾(失望)的是,for instance/example 例如,as a matter of fact事实上等。
续表：
插入情况 说明
插入语
的类型
4.分词短语作插入语有:strictly speaking严格地说, generally speaking一般地说, judging from根据……判断等。
5.不定式短语用作插入语有: to be sure无疑地,to sum up概括地说,to tell the truth老实说等。
6.句子作插入语: 常见的句子作插入语有:I am sure我可以肯定地说,I believe我相信,I wonder我想知道,you know你知道,you see你明白,that is也就是说,it seems看来是,as I see it照我看来,what is important(serious) 重要(严重) 的是,I’m afraid恐怕,It is said据说等。
7.疑问句中的插入语: 疑问句中的常见的插入语有:on earth究竟,do you think你认为等。
续表：
插入情况 说明
插入语
的位置 通常插入语位于句中,并用逗号隔开。但有时也可位于句首或句末(见上面例句)。也有时并不用逗号隔开。
插入语在句中的作用 一般来说,插入语在句中不起主要作用。如果把插入语抽去,句子的含义不大受影响。但是,有的插入语却是句子中不可缺少的一部分。
插入语的特殊用法 在复杂的特殊疑问句中,常用来征询对方对某一疑问点的看法、判断、认识、猜度或请求对方重复一遍说过的话。常用动词有say,suppose,guess,believe,consider, think,imagine 等。
常用作插入语的词语 by the way顺便说,顺便问一下;so far到目前为止;and so on等等;on the contrary 相反;no wonder不足为奇;as a matter of fact事实上;come along 快点,来吧;in other words换句话说;as usual如同以往;as a result因此,结果。
【省略和插入语高考考点分析】
省略和插入语主要用在口语中,在听说考试中要注意哪些地方省略了,哪些是插入语,哪些是关键信息。
【同步练习】
单项选择
( )1.—I won’t do it any more.
—
A.Why don’t
B.Why don’t do it any more
C.Why not
D.Why not do
【答案】 C
( )2.—Do you think it will snow tomorrow
— .
A.No,I don’t think B.I don’t think
C.No,I don’t so D.I don’t think so
【答案】 D
( )3.—Will he fail in the exam
— .
A.Don’t hope to B.Let’s hope not
C.Not hope so D.Let’s hope not to
【答案】 B
( )4. I had time,I would have played it again.
A.If B.Unless C.Had D.When
( )5. it rain tomorrow,I’d stay at home.
A.Should B.Would C.When D.If
【答案】 C
【答案】 A
( )6.I like sports and my brother.
A.so B.so does C.so is D.so likes
( )7.—Aren’t you the manager
—No,and I .
A.don’t want B.don’t want to
C.don’t want to be D.don’t
【答案】 B
【答案】 C
( )8.How long she would stay here
A.did she say B.she said
C.did D./
【答案】 A
( )9. could do such things
A.Whom do you think B.Who do you think
C.Do you think whom D.Did you think who
( )10.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him .
A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to
【答案】 B
【答案】 A
高考话题:人生哲理(philosophy of life)——失败是成功之母
We middle school students have had many tests or exams and have both achieved success and suffered from failure,but different students take different attitudes to failure.
Some fall in low spirits when they don’t do well in the exams,losing heart and no longer studying as hard as before.However,most students take an active attitude towards failure.By encouraging themselves to be self-confident,they find out and analyze the causes so that they won’t make similar mistakes any more.
As the saying goes,failure is the mother of success.Only by tasting failure can we enjoy the fruit of success in the process of reaching our goals.
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