重难语法04 动词时态语态
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 2
考点01 动词时态 5
考点02 动词语态 9
高考练场 15
高考英语语法填空对时态和语态的考查主要集中在句子的逻辑、语境理解以及动词形式的正确运用上。一般来说，高考英语语法填空的时态语态考点聚焦在依据语境精准判断时间、动作关系，准确运用相应时态语态形式来确保语法正确、表意清晰。
时态考点
时间参照与对应时态
需依据语境里明确的时间标志词（如 yesterday 对应一般过去时、tomorrow 对应一般将来时等），或是上下文隐含的时间逻辑（如叙述过去经历中先后发生的事，涉及先后顺序判断时态），准确匹配相应时态，像一般现在时用于客观真理、习惯性动作等。
特殊情况的时态运用
一些动词的特殊用法，如瞬间动词用于现在完成时要注意转化为延续性动词（buy 转 have had）；还有像 come、go 等移动动词用现在进行时表将来等情况，考查能否在特定语境中灵活运用正确时态。
复合句中的时态协调
在主从复合句里，从句时态常要与主句时态配合，像条件状语从句中 “主将从现” 原则，以及时间状语从句中不同时间词引导下的时态呼应等，重点考查对这种时态关联关系的把握。
语态考点
主被动关系判断
核心是分清主语在动作中是执行者还是承受者，以此确定用主动还是被动语态，比如物作主语且是动作的被作用对象，就大概率要用被动语态，关键看能否精准分析这种关系。
被动语态结构与时态结合
被动语态基本结构 “be + 过去分词” 要与具体时态结合，不同时态里 “be” 动词形式不同，要考查能否依据语境的时态要求准确写出对应结构，例如一般过去时被动就是 “was/were + 过去分词”。
特殊结构与被动变化
对于含感官动词、使役动词的结构以及短语动词，在变为被动时存在特殊规则，像感官动词被动要加 “to”，短语动词整体变化等，考查是否熟知这些特殊点并能正确运用到填空当中。
考点01 动词时态
一、基本用法
1. 常见的十种动词时态有：一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、过去将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时。
2. 动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。
People speak English all over the world. (主动语态)
English is spoken all over the world. (被动语态)
现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时
一般 ask/asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask
进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking
完成 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked
完成 进行 have/has been asking had been asking shall/will have been asking should/would have been asking
二、 常考时态的用法
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
Tom often goes to school by bike.
(2)表示自然现象、客观事实或普遍真理。
Spring follows winter.
(3)表示现有的性质、能力或状态。
The flowers look beautiful.
(4)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如come, go, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, close, open, end, stop, return, take off等。
The party begins at 7 o’clock.
(5)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。
I’ll write you a letter as soon as I get there.
If I have enough time, I’ll travel around the world.
Wherever you go, you will see the same thing.
2. 现在进行时
(1)表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
Are you working hard this term
The car is being repaired.
(2)come, go, leave, do, send, take off, sail, arrive, return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用进行时表将来。
We are going hiking this Sunday.
(3)与always, often, all the time, constantly, continuously, forever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。
He is always getting angry with me.
3. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already, just, ever, never等副词。
He has already obtained a scholarship.
(2)表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如for ten minutes, since 1980, in recent years, so far。
The film has been on for half an hour.
(3)表示到目前为止的一段时间内，第……次做某事。
It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film.
4. 现在完成进行时
(1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。
I have been cleaning the house all the afternoon.
(2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。
I have been telephoning him several times this morning.
5. 一般将来时
(1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
The football game will begin soon.
(2)表示事物固有的属性或必然趋势。
Fish will die without water.
(3)表示临时的决定。
— We don’t have any milk in our fridge.
— I’ll go and buy some.
(4)其他表示将来的结构
① be going to do表示主观打算或有迹象将要发生某事。
I’m going to have my hair cut after work.
Look at the clouds in the sky. It is going to rain.
② be＋to do表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，还可表示命令或注定要发生的事。
There is to be an English exam next Monday.
Father warned his son，“You are to be back by ten.”
The worst is still to come.
③ be about to do表示正要去做某事，但不与表将来的时间状语连用。
I am about to go shopping.
注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。
If you will give her another chance, she will surprise you.
6. 过去将来时
表示对过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
He said he would come to our school.
7. 一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
I bought a new bike last week.
(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
He often watched TV at night.
8. 过去进行时
(1)表示过去某段时间里或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
I was playing computer games when my parents came home.
He slipped out of the classroom when the teacher was not noticing him.
(2)表示过去频繁发生的动作或习惯，常与always等副词连用。
Mrs. Black was always having dinner with her old parents.
9. 过去完成时
(1)表示过去某时间或某动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。
When I came back, he had eaten all the sweets.
(2)在hardly/scarcely... when, no sooner... than, It was the first/second... time (that)... 等句型中。
We had hardly/scarcely left the house when it began to rain.
No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain.
It was the third time he had been out of work that year.
(3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。这类动词有mean, intend, expect, hope, want, plan, think, suppose等。
They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.
三、几组时态的区别
一般过去时 一般过去时只涉及一个纯过去的动作,凡有明确的过去时间的均用过去时,一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”,和现在毫无关系 Were you at school yesterday 昨天你在学校吗 (问的是昨天的事情。但对今天没什么影响。)
现在完成时 现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果,动作到现在刚完成或还在继续 I have just finished my homework.我刚刚写完作业。(看上去好像是过去才发生的事情,但是对我现在有了影响。因为写完了作业,就可以做自己想做的事情。)
过去完成时 过去完成时指的是相对于过去的某一特定时间更早发生的动作,发生在“过去的过去”,即过去完成时至少涉及两个过去的动作 When he came in,I had had my supper.他进来时,我就已经吃完晚餐了。(吃在进来之前,所以用过去完成时。)
四、固定结构中的时态
hardly...when...,no sooner...than...“一……就……” 主句时态用过去完成时,从句时态用一般过去时 Hardly had I opened the door when Tom came in.
This/That/It is/was the first/second...time+that从句“是……次做某事” 若主句中为is,则从句时态用现在完成时;若为was,则从句时态用过去完成时 This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.
It+be...before... “要过……才”或“在……以后才” 若be动词用一般过去时,则before 从句中常用一般过去时;若be动词用将来时,则before 从句中常用一般现在时 I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long,but it’ll still be some time before Brian gets back.
was/were doing...when“正在做某事,这时(突然)” 在when引导的从句中,谓语动词用过去式 I was about to leave when he came in. I had just locked the door when I realised I had left my key on the kitchen table.
was/were about to do...when...“正要做某事,这时(突然)”
had done...when“刚做完某事,这时(突然)”
It is/has been+时间段+since since从句用过去时。该句型表某个动作持续多久。但若since后跟延续性动词,要翻译成否定含义,即“没做某事已经多久了” It has been three years since he worked here. 他不在这工作已经三年了。 It has been three years since he smoked. 他已经戒烟三年了。 It has been three years since he began to smoke. 他吸烟有三年了。
五、主动语态表示被动意义
系动词+形容词 look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear The soup smells good but tastes terrible.
不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态 cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep This kind of material washes easily. The pen writes smoothly.
表开始、结束、运动的动词 begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,run The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.
有些表示“需要”的动词后加动词的-ing形式 need,require,want,be worth Your hair wants cutting. The floor requires washing. The book is worth reading.
不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系 hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible The question is difficult to answer. The box is heavy to carry. The project is impossible to complete in a year.
考点02 动词语态
一、被动语态的构成形式
被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。各种时态的被动语态形式如下：
形式 时间 一般式 进行式 完成式
现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done shall/will have been done
被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。
)It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.
据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。
)In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut.
在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。
With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。
二、get构成的表示被动的短语：get paid/lost/hurt等
While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty.
在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。
We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。
1．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well.
这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。
2．当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。
Have you bought the book that sells well these days I think it is suitable for us teenagers.
你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。
三、主动形式表示被动意义
1．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。
2．be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。
Who is to blame for the mistake 谁应为此错误接受谴责？
The house is to let. 此房出租。
一、单句语法填空
1．Doing exercise in the morning （be）good for our health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：早上做运动对我们的健康有好处。分析句子可知，句子的主语是Doing exercise ，即动名词做主语，看作单数，谓语也用单数。句子表达的客观事实，所以用一般现在时。故填is。
2．Christmas is the most important festival in the western world. It (fall) on December 25. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】falls
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：圣诞节是西方世界最重要的节日。它在12月25日。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数falls，故填falls。
3．For example, I (order) a digital camera online the other day and saved about $50. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ordered
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：例如，前几天我在网上订购了一台数码相机，节省了大约50美元。分析句子可知，order是谓语动词，由the other day可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填ordered。
4．The woman looked down, (shake) her head and said: “Not so good.” (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】shook
【详解】考查时态。句意：女人低下头，摇摇头说：“不太好。”空格处和looked是并列的动作，looked是过去式，空格处也用过去式shook，故填shook。
5．By the window (sit) a young man with a magazine in his hand. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】sat
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：窗边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。由表示方位的介词短语位于句首可知，该句为完全倒装句型，结合句意，此处为动作的过去时态。故填sat。
6．They had to wait and (hope) that someone would come and help them. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】hoped
【详解】考查时态。句意：他们不得不等待着、盼望着有人会来帮助他们。分析句子可知，hope与had to用and并列连接，也是谓语动词，应与had一致，都使用一般过去时。故填hoped。
7．At present, the remarkable development of digital economy (transform) our modern way of life.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is transforming
【详解】考查时态。句意：当前，数字经济的飞速发展正在改变着我们的现代生活方式。空处作句子谓语，结合语境和时间状语at present可知，陈述目前一段时间正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时，主语development不可数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is transforming。
8．Because of climate change, the ice that polar bears depend on for survival (disappear) slowly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is disappearing
【详解】考查时态。句意：由于气候变化，北极熊赖以生存的冰层正在缓慢消失。根据常识可知，句子描述的事情正在发生，谓语动词应该使用现在进行时，disappear的主语为ice，它为不可数名词，故填is disappearing。
9．I (translate) the poems of the Tang Dynasty these days. It is very interesting but a little hard. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】am translating
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这些天我在翻译唐诗。这很有趣，但有点难。分析句子可知，设空处是句子的谓语部分，根据句意以及时间状语these days可知，本句应使用现在进行时，表示现阶段正在进行的动作。故填am translating。
10．I (search) the Internet for the relevant information when my cellphone rang. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was searching
【详解】考查时态。句意：我正在网上搜索相关信息时，手机响了。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，再根据句意和when my cellphone rang可知，这里谓语动词用过去进行时，表示过去正在发生的动作，be doing sth. when...表“正在做某事，正在那时……”，为固定句型。故填was searching。
11．Some children (slide) on the ice happily when they heard someone crying for help. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were sliding
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：一些孩子正高兴地在冰上滑着，这时他们听到有人呼救。此处为固定句型sb be doing sth when...“某人在过去某个时刻正在做某事这时……”，由主语Some children 及空后的 they heard 可知此处表示过去某个时刻动作正在进行，应用过去进行时。故填were sliding。
12．One day Gene and Hannah Bortnick heard piano music coming from their living room. They thought their 3-year-old son Ethan (listen) to a CD．(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was listening
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：一天，Gene和Hannah Bortnick听到客厅里传来钢琴曲。他们以为3岁的儿子Ethan在听CD。空处应填谓语动词的形式，从句主语为Ethan，动作发生在过去且正在进行，应用过去进行时。故填was listening。
13．Family-friendly facilities (develop) in the following years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be developed
【详解】考查一般将来时和被动语态。句意：在接下来几年，适合家用的设施将会被研发。根据句意可知这里缺少谓语动词，时间状语“in the following years”说明是一般将来时，主语“facilities”和谓语动词“develop”之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填will be developed。
14．Sooner or later those dishonest people (pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are truly free. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will pay
【详解】考查时态。句意：那些不诚实的人迟早会为他们的行为付出代价；相反，当我们诚实时，我们就真正自由了。表示将来的动作应用一般将来时。故填will pay。
15．The plan they paid much attention to (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be discussed
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：他们非常关注的计划将在明天的会议上讨论。该句中“they paid much attention to”为定语从句修饰主语the plan，此空为谓语动词，主语The plan和动词discuss之间是被动关系，根据时间状语为at tomorrow’s meeting可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be discussed。
16．As long as you put in more effort, you progress in your schoolwork.(make) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will make
【详解】考查时态。句意：只要你付出更多的努力,你的功课就会进步。所给词为谓语,as long as引导的条件状语从句中使用了一般现在时表将来，“主将从现”原则,所以主句用一般将来时。故填will make。
17．Last Sunday he promised he (come) but he hasn’t arrived until now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】would come
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上星期天他答应来的，可到现在还没有到。promised后面为省略了that的宾语从句，缺少谓语动词，结合promised和but he hasn’t arrived until now可知，表示相对于过去将要发生的动作，此处使用过去将来时。故填would come。
18．I hoped Tina (come) to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】would come
【详解】考查时态。句意：我希望蒂娜下周三能准时来参加我的生日聚会。根据前文hoped和后文the next Wednesday可知，此处应用过去将来时，表示从过去某时间看将要发生的动作。故填would come。
19．Jason set up a plan that in five years he (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】would show
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他给自己设定了一个目标，用五年的时间，他要让他自己的作品在全国顶尖艺术馆里被展出。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，show与he为主谓关系，故用主动语态，由于陈述过去的计划和打算，故用过去将来时，故填would show。
20．So far, our country (make) great achievements in many fields. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has made
【详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，我国在许多领域都取得了巨大的成就。根据时间状语so far，此处应用现在完成时态，主语为our country，为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填：has made。
21．If you have kids, and they (not see) this film yet, it’s safe to say they’d enjoy it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】haven’t seen
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果你有孩子而且孩子说还没有看过这场电影，可以肯定地说孩子会喜欢它的。根据下文的yet 并结合句意可知应填入所给动词的现在完成时，故填haven’t seen。
22．Since it drew recent media attention, Woon (hear) from resorts and restaurants in 10 countries, including the United States. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has heard
【详解】考查时态。句意：自从最近引起媒体关注以来，Woon已经从包括美国在内的10个国家的度假村和餐馆听到了消息。根据时间状语“Since it drew recent media attention”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为Woon，谓语为单数形式。故填has heard。
23．While online shopping (change) our life, not all of its effects have been positive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has changed
【详解】考查动词。句意：虽然网上购物改变了我们的生活，但并非所有的影响都是积极的。分析句子，句中表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故使用现在完成时。故填has changed。
24．Due to the hard training they (do) before, their performances were very impressive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had done
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于他们之前的艰苦训练，他们的表现令人印象深刻。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示动作发生在过去的过去，故使用过去完成时。故填had done。
25．The news came as no surprise to me. I (know) for some time that the factory was going to shut down.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】had known
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个消息对我来说并不意外。我早就知道那家工厂要倒闭了。know这一动作先于came这一过去的动作发生，所以用过去完成时。根据句意，故填had known。
26．Tom (work) in the library every night over the last three months. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has been working
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的三个月里，汤姆每晚都在图书馆工作。根据后文over the last three months可知表示过去发生的动作，持续不间断进行到现在，将来可能继续进行应用现在完成进行时，主语为Tom，助动词用has，故填has been working。
27．If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will have lost
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果这一趋势继续下去，到2020年，世界将失去三分之二的脊椎动物的生物多样性。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据时间状语by 2020，可知表示对将来造成的影响，所以用将来完成时，故填will have lost。
28．By the time Jane gets home, her aunt (leave) for London to attend a meeting. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】will have left
【详解】考查时态。句意：到简到家的时候，她阿姨已经去伦敦开会了。根据by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时可知，主句用将来时态。leave for London 这一动作在gets home这一动作发生之时已经完成，故用将来完成时。根据句意，故填will have left。
29．You’d better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he (have) an important meeting then. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be having
【详解】考查时态。句意：明天晚上7点到8点之间你最好不要给经理打电话；那时他将有一个重要的会议。根据between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening可知，此处是指未来具体时刻正在发生的事情，故用将来进行时will be doing，故填will be having。
30．Don’t call Mr. Wang at nine tomorrow. He (listen) to a lecture on the reform of the college entrance examination. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be listening
【详解】考查时态。句意：明天九点不要给王先生打电话。他将听一场关于高考改革的讲座。根据句意和时间状语at nine tomorrow可知，此处应用将来进行时，表示将来某段时间正在进行的动作。故填will be listening。
31．Don’t call me at nine tomorrow because I (study) at the library then. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be studying
【详解】考查时态。句意：明天九点不要给我打电话，因为那时我正在图书馆学习。根据句中“at nine tomorrow”和“then”可知，句子表示将来某一时间正在发生的事，明天九点时我正在图书馆学习，应用将来进行时，谓语动词为“will be doing”，“study”意为“学习”，动词词性，现在分词为“studying”，故空格处应填“will be studying”。故填will be studying。
32．While drone delivery is new to Beijing, the technology (exist) in other parts of China for several years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has existed
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：尽管无人机送货对北京来说是新鲜事物，但这项技术在中国其他地区已经存在了好几年。根据时间状语for several years可知，用现在完成时，主语为the technology，助动词用has。故填has existed。
33．Marty (work) really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been working
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：马蒂一直在努力写他的书，他认为他会在星期五之前完成。此处应为谓语动词，根据句意以及下文中的“he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.”可知，Marty应该是在过去开始写书，一直写到现在，并将在星期五完成，所以此处使用现在完成进行时，且与句子主语Marty之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填has been working。
34．Cleaning must be done before the holiday, typically in January or February, since sweeping after the festivities (see) as removing good luck. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is seen
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：大扫除必须在节前完成，通常是在1月或2月，因为在庆祝活动结束后大扫除被视为会带走好运。此空为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处讲述的是经常性发生的动作，所以此处使用一般现在时，see与主语sweeping after the festivities之间为被动关系，用被动语态，且主语为动名词短语，所以谓语动词应为单数。故填is seen。
35．According to current regulations, visitors (require) to switch off their camera flashes in the museum. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are required
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：根据现行规定，参观者被要求在博物馆内关闭相机闪光灯。所给动词“require”是句子的谓语动词，根据句意可知，这是一个规定，应用一般现在时；另外主语“visitors”和动词“require”构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用are。故填are required。
36．If the project (complete) on time, the company will receive a bonus. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is completed
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如果项目按时完成，公司将获得奖金。空格处是if从句的谓语动词，从句的主语和动词complete之间是被动关系，用被动语态；由主句的一般将来时可知，从句应该用一般现在时表将来；从句的主语是单数形式，be动词用is。故填is completed。
37．The plan that (approve) by the committee last week will be implemented next month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was approved
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：委员会上周批准的计划将于下个月实施。设空处在句中作定语从句的谓语，根据时间状语“last week”可知，应用一般过去时，“The plan”和“approve”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。故答案为was approved。
38．My life (save) many years ago by a St John ambulance and it’s a marvelous feeling repaying back that kindness. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was saved
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：多年前，圣约翰救护车救了我的命，报答那个善意是一种奇妙的感觉。根据“many years ago”可知，本句为一般过去时，主语My life与save为被动关系，所以本句为一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数。故填was saved。
39．The sports meeting that the students have been looking forward to (hold) tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be held
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：学生们一直期待的运动会将于明天举行。分析句子结构可知，The sports meeting是主语，that the students have been looking forward to是定语从句修饰先行词The sports meeting，所以空格处作谓语。根据时间状语tomorrow可知，此处应用一般将来时，The sports meeting与hold是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填will be held。
40．More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be built
【详解】考查动词。句意：四川不久将修建更多的高速公路，以促进当地经济。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中soon意为“不久”，表示将来发生的动作，故使用一般将来时。同时more expressways与build之间是被动关系，故使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be built。
41．I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we (fine)if we leave it here.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】will be fined
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我得把车开到路边，因为如果我们把车停在这里，我们会被贴罚单。根据句意可知，主语we和谓语fine为被动关系，if引导的条件状语从句为一般现在时，根据“主将从现”原则，故主句应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be fined。
42．He was not sure whether his thesis paper (approve) by the professor tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】would be approved
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他不确定他的论文明天能否得到教授的批准。根据主句时态可知，从句用过去时态。结合从句时间状语 tomorrow可知，表示过去将要发生的事情，用过去将来时。主语his thesis paper 与approve之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故填would be approved。
43．Mo Yan is the only one of the writers who (award) the Nobel Prize for Literature in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been awarded
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：莫言是中国唯一获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。空处为who引导的定语从句的谓语，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，who指代one of the writers，和award为被动关系，需用被动语态，且助动词用has。故填has been awarded。
44．But no evidence of life (discover) in any of these planet so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been discovered
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：但是到目前为止，在这些行星上都没有发现生命迹象。根据句意及句子结构可知，空处要填入谓语；evidence与discover之间是动宾关系，根据状语so far可知，空处要用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done；主语为no evidence，不可数名词，故助动词用has。故填has been discovered。
45．With the help of high technology, more and more new substances in the past years. (discover) （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have been discovered
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在过去的几年里，在高科技的帮助下，发现了越来越多的新物质。主语, more and more new substances与谓语discover为被动关系，根据“in the past years”可知，本句为现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been discovered。
46．In recent years many football clubs as business to make a profit. (run) （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have been run
【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：近年来，许多足球俱乐部都以营利为目的进行经营。根据“In recent years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词run意为“经营”，和主语clubs构成被动关系，用被动语态。故填have been run。
47．When I got to the theatre, I found that the tickets (sell out) and I didn’t get one. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】had been sold out
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：当我到达剧院时，我发现票已经卖完了，我没有买到。根据上文When I got to the theatre和句意可知，sell out“卖完”发生在got to“到达”之前，that引导的宾语从句时态用过去完成时，从句中：主语tickets与谓语sell构成被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been sold out。
48．It was said that the flight to New York (cancel) due to the foggy weather. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had been canceled/ had been cancelled
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：据说飞往纽约的航班因大雾天气而取消了。空处应填从句谓语动词的形式，从句动作发生在主句动作之前且flight与cancel之间为被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been canceled/cancelled。
49．Students are not allowed to use the art centre at the moment because it (decorate). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】is being decorated
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：学生暂时不允许使用艺术中心，因为它正在装修。根据at the moment可知，because引导的原因状语从句描述正在发生的事情，从句时态用现在进行时，且主语it和decorate“装修”为被动关系，所以应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is being decorated。
50．The church tower which (restore) at present will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being restored
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：目前正在修复的教堂塔楼将很快对游客开放。这工作差不多完成了。根据该句The work is almost finished可知，修复工作正在进行。且restore和which（即The church tower ）之间是被动关系，故应用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being restored。
51．The gym which (build) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being built
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：正在建造的体育馆很快就要对游客开放了。工作快完成了。此处在which引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，由will be open to tourists soon可知，体育馆正在建造还没有完成，且从句主语which代指先行词the gym和从句谓语动词build是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用is，故填is being built。
52．The church tower which (restore) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being restored
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：正在修复的教堂塔楼将很快对游客开放，工作已接近尾声。根据The work is almost finished可知，“修复”正在进行，动词restore与主语which(指代The church tower，第三人称单数)之间是被动关系，故应使用现在进行时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填is being restored。
53．It so happened that my mobile phone (repair) when you called me yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was being repaired
【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天你打电话给我时，碰巧我的手机正在修理。从句主语my mobile phone和从句谓语动词repair是被动关系，且repair这个动作在过去的那个时间正在进行，该空用过去进行时的被动语态，从句主语单数，从句谓语单数形式。故填was being repaired。
54．He went home in a hurry,never once looking back to see if he (follow). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】was being followed
【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：他匆匆回家，一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。此处主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且表示过去某个时刻动作正在进行，应使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为he，谓语动词用单数。故填was being followed。
55．The baby should (take) good care of by the baby-sitter. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】be taken
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：孩子应该被保姆照顾得很好。主语the baby和take之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词should后用be done表被动。故填be taken。
56．The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】be imagined
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：景色的美丽无法想象，它们给我留下了许多美好的回忆。imagine和主语The beauty of the views之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前是情态动词，空处应填动词原形。故填be imagined。
57．His proposal that the system (improve) got rejected by the boss. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】be improved/should be improved
【详解】考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气以及被动语态。句意：他提出的改进系统的建议被老板拒绝了。that引导同位语从句，对proposal内容进行解释说明，proposal是名词，意思是“建议，提议”，后面的同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用“should+do”的形式，其中should可以省略。从句主语the system与动词improve之间为被动关系，从句谓语为被动语态should be improved。故填should be improved/be improved。
58．This kind of desk can (adjust) to the height you need. Besides, it’s not expensive at all. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】be adjusted
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这种桌子可以调节到你需要的高度。此外，它一点也不贵。主语This kind of desk与动词adjust“调节”之间是被动关系，用be ajusted表被动，位于情态动词can后，be用原形，故填be adjusted。
59．The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen, where customers’ comments on the month’s best-seller (display). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were being displayed
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：角落里的大木板已经被一个大屏幕所取代，上面显示着顾客对当月畅销书的评论。where引导的定语从句描述过去正在发生的事情，从句时态用过去进行时，且主语comments与display“显示”之间为被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态，从句主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were being displayed。
60．It is announced that many a new house (build) at present in the disaster area. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being built
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：据宣布，灾区目前正在建造许多新房子。空处作that引导的从句谓语，主语指代a new house为单数，与build构成被动关系，根据at present，句子为现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being built。
二、语篇语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China Cultural Center in Malta launched its 2024-2025 term on Tuesday, introducing a fresh lineup of classes in Chinese language, traditional Chinese painting, and calligraphy, offering 1 (local) new ways to immerse (沉浸) themselves in Chinese culture.
The Chinese language classes, 2 (teach) by instructors from the Confucius Institute at the University of Malta, range from beginner to intermediate levels and 3 (tailor) to different age groups and skill levels. 4 the first time, the center has introduced a dedicated Chinese reading class for children under eight, a reflection of the rising interest in the language among Malta’s younger learners.
Among the students 5 (be) 66-year-old Ray Magri, 6 has been studying Chinese for five years, driven by his passion for Chinese culture. Citing the old Chinese saying, “Never too old to learn,” Magri 7 (share) with one newcomer his intention to continue learning for as long as he can.
Another student, Piero Di Meglio, 8 (true) hopes to become fluent in Chinese, including speaking, reading, and writing. 9 experienced traveler to China, Di Meglio has reached HSK Level 3, the international benchmark for Chinese proficiency, and aims 10 (advance) to Levels 4 and 5 in the coming years. Newcomer Jonathan Xuereb embraced the challenge of learning Chinese, acknowledging its complexity but calling it “one of the hardest yet most rewarding languages to learn”.
【答案】
1．locals 2．taught 3．are tailored 4．For 5．is 6．who 7．shared 8．truly 9．An 10．to advance
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是马耳他中国文化中心启动2024-2025学期，提供一系列中文、中国传统绘画和书法课程，为当地人提供沉浸于中国文化的新途径。
1．考查名词复数。句意：周二，马耳他中国文化中心启动了2024-2025学年，引入了汉语、中国传统绘画和书法等新课程，为当地人提供了沉浸在中国文化中的新方式。local意为“本地人”，是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数。故填locals。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：汉语课程由马耳他大学孔子学院教师授课，涵盖初级到中级水平，针对不同年龄段和技能水平的学生量身定制。句中谓语是range，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填taught。
3．考查时态，固定短语和主谓一致。句意：汉语课程由马耳他大学孔子学院教师授课，涵盖初级到中级水平，针对不同年龄段和技能水平的学生量身定制。空格处是谓语，be tailored to是固定短语，意为“量身定做”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The Chinese language classes是复数，因此空格处是are tailored。故填are tailored。
4．考查介词。句意：该中心首次为8岁以下儿童开设了专门的中文阅读课程，这反映出马耳他年轻学习者对中文的兴趣日益浓厚。for the first time是固定短语，意为“首次”，空格处用介词for，位于句首，首字母大写，故填For。
5．考查时态，主谓一致和倒装。句意：学生中有66岁的Ray Magri，由于对中国文化的热爱，他已经学习中文五年了。句子是全部倒装，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，真正的主语是66-year-old Ray Magri，是单数，因此空格处用is。故填is。
6．考查定语从句。句意：学生中有66岁的Ray Magri，由于对中国文化的热爱，他已经学习中文五年了。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Ray Magri是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。
7．考查时态。句意：Magri引用了一句中国古话，“活到老学到老”，并向一位新来者分享了他继续学习的意图。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填shared。
8．考查副词。句意：另一名学生Piero Di Meglio非常希望能流利地说、读、写中文。空格处用副词truly修饰动词hopes，truly意为“真正地、非常”，故填truly。
9．考查冠词。句意：作为一名经验丰富的中国旅行者，Di Meglio已经达到了汉语水平的国际基准HSK三级，并计划在未来几年提升到四级和五级。traveler是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，experienced是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，位于句首，首字母大写，故填An。
10．考查不定式。句意：作为一名经验丰富的中国旅行者，Di Meglio已经达到了汉语水平的国际基准HSK三级，并计划在未来几年提升到四级和五级。aim to do是固定短语，意为“有意图做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to advance。故填to advance。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shanghai-based language and literature magazine Yaowen Jiaozi, literally meaning “biting phrases and chewing characters,” recently unveiled its Top 10 Chinese Buzzwords for 2024. Released on December 2, the list spotlights linguistic trends 11 reflect societal changes.
The selection includes terms like “digital intelligence” and “AI for good,” 12 (showcase) the influence of artificial intelligence (AI). “Digital intelligence” refers to the integration of advanced intelligent technologies into digital systems 13 (boost) productivity, streamline resource management and foster innovation. Meanwhile, “AI for good” underscores the ethical responsibility of developing AI to benefit humanity, fuel industrial 14 (transform), drive the economy, and promote sustainability.
Huang Anjing, Editor in Chief of Yaowen Jiaozi, told Dazhong Daily newspaper that 15 annual buzzword selection aims to capture wide-ranging 16 (shift) in politics, the economy, culture and daily life.
Huang also brought up the rising influence of Generation Z. The strong performance of Chinese Gen Z athletes at the 2024 Paris Olympic and Paralympic Summer Games, 17 (couple) with their confident attitude, gave rise to affectionate terms like “kid-bro/kid-sis,” now widely used as a mark of respect.
According to Huang, the linguistic creativity on short-video platforms 18 (reach) unprecedented levels, particularly among younger generations. The ease of posting content on these platforms allows 19 the swift exchange of ideas, leading to the spontaneous creation and popularization of new terms. On the downside, it’s harder to regulate 20 (potential) problematic language.
【答案】
11．which/that 12．showcasing 13．to boost 14．transformation 15．the 16．shifts 17．coupled 18．has reached 19．for 20．potentially
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了上海文学杂志《咬文嚼字》公布了2024年度十大流行语，并介绍了部分流行语的含义以及杂志主编对这些流行语的看法。
11．考查定语从句。句意：该名单于12月2日发布，重点关注反映社会变化的语言趋势。“ reflect societal changes”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词linguistic trends，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：入选词汇包括“数字智能”和“人工智能向善”，展示了人工智能(AI)的影响力。“(showcase) the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) ”作伴随状语，showcase(展示)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The selection之间为主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填showcasing。
13．考查非谓语动词。句意：“数字智能”指的是将先进智能技术集成到数字系统中，以提高生产力、简化资源管理和促进创新。根据句意，“(boost) productivity, streamline resource management and foster innovation”是“the integration of advanced intelligent technologies into digital systems”的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to boost。
14．考查名词。句意：同时，“人工智能向善”强调了开发人工智能以造福人类、推动产业转型、驱动经济和促进可持续发展的道德责任。提示词作宾语，用名词transformation，表示“转变，转型”，不可数名词。故填transformation。
15．考查冠词。句意：《咬文嚼字》主编黄安靖告诉《大众日报》，年度流行语的选择旨在捕捉政治、经济、文化和日常生活等广泛领域的变化。此处特指《咬文嚼字》杂志的年度流行语选择，应用定冠词the限定。故填the。
16．考查名词。句意：《咬文嚼字》主编黄安靖告诉《大众日报》，年度流行语的选择旨在捕捉政治、经济、文化和日常生活等广泛领域的变化。可数名词shift作宾语，意为“变化”，根据后文“in politics, the economy, culture and daily life”可知，变化不止一个，应用复数形式。故填shifts。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国Z世代运动员在2024年巴黎夏季奥运会和残奥会上的出色表现，加上他们自信的态度，催生了“弟弟/妹妹”等亲切的称呼，现在被广泛用作表示尊重的标志。“(couple) with their confident attitude”在句中作伴随状语，couple(加上，结合)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The strong performance之间为被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填coupled。
18．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据黄安靖介绍，短视频平台上的语言创造力已经达到了前所未有的水平，尤其是在年轻一代中。reach(达到)是谓语动词，与主语the linguistic creativity之间是主动关系，结合句意，强调过去的事情造成的影响，用现在完成时态，主语是不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填has reached。
19．考查介词。句意：在这些平台上发布内容的便捷性允许思想的快速交流，从而自发地创造和推广新术语。allow for是固定短语，意为“允许”。故填for。
20．考查副词。句意：不利的一面是，潜在有问题的语言更难监管。提示词修饰形容词problematic ，用副词potentially作状语，意为“潜在地”。故填potentially。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“X Virtual Gathering: Honey”, a new project of X Museum’s digital art platform X Virtual, 21 (launch) on Thursday in Beijing with an exhibition and a video game designed by multiple creatives from home and abroad.
Upon entering the exhibition, visitors are grabbed by the electronic music 22 (mix) with a buzzing noise playing in the game, the interface (界面) of which is projected on the wall. They are invited to pick up the controller to start the game, becoming a bee busy gathering honey.
Depicted in a 23 (future), robotic and metallic style, the worker bee 24 (fly) through various landscapes, including a mysterious jungle and an erupting volcano. Eight music pieces, each of which represents a specific event, are triggered as it moves through different levels within the game, immersing the player in 25 adventure with a bee’s perspective. As an abstract medium, music alters and challenges the participants’ senses, urging us 26 (rethink) ecological justice and species justice.
According to the curators (策展人), this project explores the vast, interconnected world of bees 27 how it influences ideas around ecology, human civilization, and capitalism. It is an urgent response 28 crises such as resource exhaustion and a net loss of biodiversity 29 we humans are faced with, as well as the slowly widening 30 (divide) between civilization and nature through technological revolutions.
【答案】
21．was launched 22．mixed 23．futuristic 24．flies 25．an 26．to rethink 27．and 28．to 29．which/that 30．division
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了X博物馆数字艺术平台X Virtual的新项目“X Virtual Gathering: Honey”的启动情况，包括展览内容、设计特色以及项目所探讨的主题和意义。
21．考查动词时态和语态。句意：周四，X博物馆数字艺术平台X Virtual的新项目“X虚拟聚会：Honey”在北京启动，其中包括由国内外多位创意人士设计的展览和视频游戏。launch作本句谓语，根据时间状语on Thursday可知，用一般过去时，和主语X Virtual Gathering: Honey之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语为第三人称单数。故填was launched。
22．考查非谓语动词。句意：一进入展览，观众就被游戏中播放的电子音乐和嗡嗡的噪音所吸引，游戏的界面被投影在墙上。本句已有谓语动词，所以mix用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语electronic music之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填mixed。
23．考查形容词。句意：这只工蜂以未来主义的、机械的和金属的风格被描绘出来，它飞过各种各样的风景，包括一个神秘的丛林和一座喷发的火山。根据and可知，空处和robotic以及metallic并列，应填形容词作定语，future的形容词形式是futuristic。故填futuristic。
24．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这只工蜂以未来主义的、机械的和金属的风格被描绘出来，它飞过各种各样的风景，包括一个神秘的丛林和一座喷发的火山。fly作本句谓语，描述客观状态，用一般现在时，主语the worker bee，为第三人称单数。故填flies。
25．考查冠词。句意：八个音乐片段，每一个代表一个特定的事件，当它在游戏中的不同关卡中移动时被触发，让玩家沉浸在一个蜜蜂的视角的冒险中。adventure意为“冒险”，为可数名词，句中用的单数，前用不定冠词修饰，adventure为元音音素开头，用an修饰。故填an。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：音乐作为一种抽象的媒介，改变和挑战参与者的感官，促使我们重新思考生态正义和物种正义。此处是固定搭配：urge sb. to do sth.意为“敦促某人做某事”。故填to rethink。
27．考查连词。句意：据策展人介绍，这个项目探索了广阔的、相互联系的蜜蜂世界，以及它如何影响生态、人类文明和资本主义的思想。根据句意，the vast, interconnected world of bees和后文的how it influences ideas around ecology, human civilization, and capitalism.之间是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
28．考查介词。句意：这是对我们人类所面临的资源枯竭和生物多样性净丧失等危机以及通过技术革命逐渐扩大的文明与自然之间的鸿沟的紧急反应。此处是固定搭配：response to意为“对……的反应”。故填to。
29．考查定语从句。句意：这是对我们人类所面临的资源枯竭和生物多样性净丧失等危机以及通过技术革命逐渐扩大的文明与自然之间的鸿沟的紧急反应。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是biodiversity，在从句中作宾语，指物，用which或者that引导。故填which或者that。
30．考查名词。句意：这是对我们人类所面临的资源枯竭和生物多样性净丧失等危机以及通过技术革命逐渐扩大的文明与自然之间的鸿沟的紧急反应。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，divide的名词形式是division，不可数。故填division。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“It is an outstanding conclusion to a great Beethoven cycle. Frank Peter Zimmermann and Martin Helmchen finish their project in fine style,” says Julian Haylock.
We are 31 (current) experiencing one of the most exciting periods in recording. We have been especially lucky over the last decade or so, 32 charming recordings of Beethoven’s violin sonatas that make some older ones sound ordinary.
Frank Peter Zimmermann and Martin Helmchen are an outstanding team, 33 latest release brings their three-disc survey to 34 uplifting conclusion. The “little” No.8 is kept light-as-air, with some music jokes occasionally thrown off from magical hands. One of the trickiest movements in the cycle 35 (be) the central Minuetto (小步舞曲), yet here it is kept flowing and dancing, gently 36 (mix) with delicate precision.
These are the readings that also have their great arms firmly on the music. The 37 (distinguish) players create a sense of anticipation in the introduction to Kreutzer Sonata’s opening movement, which 38 (play) completely with Zimmermann over the wonderful music pauses.
Finest of all is a reading of the Op.96 Sonata that allows listeners 39 (dream) a little and feel the 40 (composer) undervalued silence in all its charm.
【答案】
31．currently 32．with 33．whose 34．an 35．is 36．mixed 37．distinguished 38．is played 39．to dream 40．composer’s
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章不仅描述了Frank Peter Zimmermann和Martin Helmchen对贝多芬小提琴奏鸣曲的演绎，还评价了他们的演奏风格和录音质量，同时对比了其他录音版本，突出了这对组合在音乐诠释上的独特之处。
31．考查副词。句意：我们目前正在经历录音史上最令人兴奋的时期之一。本空修饰谓语are experiencing，作状语，用副词currently“目前，当下”。故填currently。
32．考查介词。句意：在过去的大约十年里，我们特别幸运地拥有了贝多芬小提琴奏鸣曲的迷人录音，这些录音使得一些较老的录音听起来显得平庸。本空表示“伴随”，用介词with，符合题意。故填with。
33．考查定语从句。句意：Frank Peter Zimmermann和Martin Helmchen是一个杰出的团队，他们最新的发行作品为他们的三张专辑的调查带来了一个振奋人心的结论。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是team，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
34．考查冠词。句意同上。conclusion“结论”为可数名词单数形式，此处泛指“一个振奋人心的结论”，且uplifting以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
35．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这部作品中，最难的部分是中央的小步舞曲，然而在这里它被演奏得流畅而富有舞蹈性，与精致的精确度温柔地融合在一起。此处陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语One of the trickiest movements为第三人称单数形式，be动词用is。故填is。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句谓语为is kept，此处为非谓语动词，且it与mix“混合，融合”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填mixed。
37．考查形容词。句意：这两位杰出的演奏家在克雷策尔奏鸣曲开头部分的引子中营造出一种期待感，这部分完全由齐默尔曼在美妙的音乐停顿中演奏。修饰后文名词players，应用形容词distinguished“杰出的”，作定语。故填distinguished。
38．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意同上。which引导非限制性定语从句陈述一般事实，从句时态用一般现在时，关系词代词which代替先行词the introduction在从句中作主语，与动词play“演奏”构成被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is played。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：最精彩的是Op.96奏鸣曲的演奏，它让听众有一点梦想的感觉，并感受到作曲家被低估的沉默的所有魅力。that引导的定语从句的谓语为allows，此处为非谓语动词，allow sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，本空用dream“做梦，梦想”的不定式，作宾补。故填to dream。
40．考查名词所有格。句意同上。此处修饰名词silence，应用composer“作曲家”的名词所有格composer’s，作定语。故填composer’s。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you’ve ever spent time in China during the summer, you probably recall seeing people on the streets 41 (wave) their handheld fans in an attempt to beat the heat. But the traditional Chinese folding fan is not just a tool for cooling down. It’s an important part of the Chinese culture 42 has over 3, 000 years of history from the Shang Dynasty.
The fan-making industry in China 43 (primary) consisted of family-run businesses that produced their designs in small 44 (quantity) and sold them from the front of their workshops. The city of Hangzhou was the center of the industry during the Southern Song dynasty.
Composed of panels and ribs, folding fans 45 (design) to spin around the rivet (铆钉) at the head. Panels, as the main surface of the fan, provided a canvas for craftspeople and artists 46 (add) calligraphy and painted scenes. Fans decorated with paintings and calligraphy became known 47 “scholars’ fans” and often reflected a person’s status. Artwork featuring birds and flowers symbolized beauty and gracefulness, making them 48 popular subject among young women. Mythical creatures were also popular choices — dragons were painted frequently onto 49 (man) fans while ladies typically preferred phoenixes.
From its beginning during the Shang Dynasty to having over 500 kinds of fans in China today, folding fans 50 (stand) the test of time and are still widely popular — not only in China but around the world.
【答案】
41．waving 42．that/which 43．primarily 44．quantities 45．were designed 46．to add 47．as 48．a 49．men’s 50．have stood
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统折扇的历史、制作工艺、文化内涵及在现代的流行情况。折扇不仅是中国人消暑的工具，更是中国文化的重要组成部分，具有深厚的历史底蕴和丰富的艺术价值。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你在中国夏天待过，你可能会看到人们在街上挥动手持扇子来降温。句中see sb doing为固定短语，空处需填非谓语动词作宾补，people与wave之间为主动且进行的关系，需用现在分词形式。故填waving。
42．考查定语从句。句意：它是中国文化的重要组成部分，从商朝开始已有3000多年的历史。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the Chinese culture，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
43．考查副词。句意：中国的制扇业最初主要由家庭经营的企业组成，这些企业生产小批量的设计，并在他们车间的前面出售。设空处需填副词修饰动词consisted，primary的副词为primarily，意为“主要地，首要地”。故填primarily。
44．考查名词复数。句意：同上。in small quantities为固定搭配，意为“小批量地”，此处使用名词作宾语。故填quantities。
45．考查动词时态和语态。句意：折扇由面板和扇骨组成，设计成可以在扇头的铆钉周围旋转。设空处为谓语动词，根据后文的provided以及句意可知，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为folding fans，为复数形式，be动词需用were。故填were designed。
46．考查非谓语动词。句意：面板作为扇子的主要表面，为工匠和艺术家提供了添加书法和绘画场景的画布。句中provided为谓语动词，此处构成provide sth for sb to do sth的固定结构，意为“为某人做某事提供”，故使用不定式结构。故填to add。
47．考查介词。句意：装饰有书画的扇子被称为“文人扇”，往往反映了一个人的地位。be known as为固定搭配，意为“被称为”。故填as。
48．考查冠词。句意：以花鸟为主题的艺术作品象征着美丽和优雅，使它们成为年轻女性中的一个热门主题。subject为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词修饰，且popular发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
49．考查名词所有格。句意：神话生物也是热门的选择——龙经常被画在男士扇子上，而女士通常更喜欢凤凰。此处特指“男士的扇子”，需用名词所有格men’s。故填men’s。
50．考查动词时态。句意：从商朝开始到现在中国有500多种扇子，折扇经受住了时间的考验，仍然广受欢迎——不仅在中国，而且在世界各地。设空处为谓语动词，结合时间状语“From its beginning during the Shang Dynasty to having over 500 kinds of fans in China today”可知，此处表示动作发生在过去对现在有影响，故使用现在完成时，主语为folding fans，为复数形式，助动词需用have。故填have stood。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)重难语法04 动词时态语态
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 2
考点01 动词时态 5
考点02 动词语态 9
高考练场 15
高考英语语法填空对时态和语态的考查主要集中在句子的逻辑、语境理解以及动词形式的正确运用上。一般来说，高考英语语法填空的时态语态考点聚焦在依据语境精准判断时间、动作关系，准确运用相应时态语态形式来确保语法正确、表意清晰。
时态考点
时间参照与对应时态
需依据语境里明确的时间标志词（如 yesterday 对应一般过去时、tomorrow 对应一般将来时等），或是上下文隐含的时间逻辑（如叙述过去经历中先后发生的事，涉及先后顺序判断时态），准确匹配相应时态，像一般现在时用于客观真理、习惯性动作等。
特殊情况的时态运用
一些动词的特殊用法，如瞬间动词用于现在完成时要注意转化为延续性动词（buy 转 have had）；还有像 come、go 等移动动词用现在进行时表将来等情况，考查能否在特定语境中灵活运用正确时态。
复合句中的时态协调
在主从复合句里，从句时态常要与主句时态配合，像条件状语从句中 “主将从现” 原则，以及时间状语从句中不同时间词引导下的时态呼应等，重点考查对这种时态关联关系的把握。
语态考点
主被动关系判断
核心是分清主语在动作中是执行者还是承受者，以此确定用主动还是被动语态，比如物作主语且是动作的被作用对象，就大概率要用被动语态，关键看能否精准分析这种关系。
被动语态结构与时态结合
被动语态基本结构 “be + 过去分词” 要与具体时态结合，不同时态里 “be” 动词形式不同，要考查能否依据语境的时态要求准确写出对应结构，例如一般过去时被动就是 “was/were + 过去分词”。
特殊结构与被动变化
对于含感官动词、使役动词的结构以及短语动词，在变为被动时存在特殊规则，像感官动词被动要加 “to”，短语动词整体变化等，考查是否熟知这些特殊点并能正确运用到填空当中。
考点01 动词时态
一、基本用法
1. 常见的十种动词时态有：一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、过去将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时。
2. 动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。
People speak English all over the world. (主动语态)
English is spoken all over the world. (被动语态)
现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时
一般 ask/asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask
进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking
完成 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked
完成 进行 have/has been asking had been asking shall/will have been asking should/would have been asking
二、 常考时态的用法
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
Tom often goes to school by bike.
(2)表示自然现象、客观事实或普遍真理。
Spring follows winter.
(3)表示现有的性质、能力或状态。
The flowers look beautiful.
(4)表示按计划安排好了将要发生的动作，这种情况仅限于少数有“开始”或“移动”意义的词，例如come, go, leave, start, arrive, begin, meet, fall, close, open, end, stop, return, take off等。
The party begins at 7 o’clock.
(5)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。
I’ll write you a letter as soon as I get there.
If I have enough time, I’ll travel around the world.
Wherever you go, you will see the same thing.
2. 现在进行时
(1)表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
Are you working hard this term
The car is being repaired.
(2)come, go, leave, do, send, take off, sail, arrive, return等表示方位移动的短暂性动词常用进行时表将来。
We are going hiking this Sunday.
(3)与always, often, all the time, constantly, continuously, forever等连用表示频繁反复发生的动作或状态，常含有批评、抱怨、不满或赞扬等感彩，但并非强调动作正在进行。
He is always getting angry with me.
3. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去的动作现已结束，但对现在产生影响，常带有already, just, ever, never等副词。
He has already obtained a scholarship.
(2)表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直持续到现在。此时，通常用延续性动词，并常与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如for ten minutes, since 1980, in recent years, so far。
The film has been on for half an hour.
(3)表示到目前为止的一段时间内，第……次做某事。
It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film.
4. 现在完成进行时
(1)发生在过去的动作或状态，持续到现在或将继续下去，可以译成“一直”。现在完成时侧重持续或影响到现在，不强调将来的延续。
I have been cleaning the house all the afternoon.
(2)到目前为止，多次重复发生的动作或状态。
I have been telephoning him several times this morning.
5. 一般将来时
(1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
The football game will begin soon.
(2)表示事物固有的属性或必然趋势。
Fish will die without water.
(3)表示临时的决定。
— We don’t have any milk in our fridge.
— I’ll go and buy some.
(4)其他表示将来的结构
① be going to do表示主观打算或有迹象将要发生某事。
I’m going to have my hair cut after work.
Look at the clouds in the sky. It is going to rain.
② be＋to do表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，还可表示命令或注定要发生的事。
There is to be an English exam next Monday.
Father warned his son，“You are to be back by ten.”
The worst is still to come.
③ be about to do表示正要去做某事，但不与表将来的时间状语连用。
I am about to go shopping.
注意：if条件句中一般不用将来时，如果使用will，其意义为“愿意”。
If you will give her another chance, she will surprise you.
6. 过去将来时
表示对过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
He said he would come to our school.
7. 一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
I bought a new bike last week.
(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
He often watched TV at night.
8. 过去进行时
(1)表示过去某段时间里或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
I was playing computer games when my parents came home.
He slipped out of the classroom when the teacher was not noticing him.
(2)表示过去频繁发生的动作或习惯，常与always等副词连用。
Mrs. Black was always having dinner with her old parents.
9. 过去完成时
(1)表示过去某时间或某动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。
When I came back, he had eaten all the sweets.
(2)在hardly/scarcely... when, no sooner... than, It was the first/second... time (that)... 等句型中。
We had hardly/scarcely left the house when it began to rain.
No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain.
It was the third time he had been out of work that year.
(3)表希望、想法、打算、意图的动词用过去完成时，表示未曾实现的愿望，意为“本打算……，本希望……”。这类动词有mean, intend, expect, hope, want, plan, think, suppose等。
They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.
三、几组时态的区别
一般过去时 一般过去时只涉及一个纯过去的动作,凡有明确的过去时间的均用过去时,一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”,和现在毫无关系 Were you at school yesterday 昨天你在学校吗 (问的是昨天的事情。但对今天没什么影响。)
现在完成时 现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果,动作到现在刚完成或还在继续 I have just finished my homework.我刚刚写完作业。(看上去好像是过去才发生的事情,但是对我现在有了影响。因为写完了作业,就可以做自己想做的事情。)
过去完成时 过去完成时指的是相对于过去的某一特定时间更早发生的动作,发生在“过去的过去”,即过去完成时至少涉及两个过去的动作 When he came in,I had had my supper.他进来时,我就已经吃完晚餐了。(吃在进来之前,所以用过去完成时。)
四、固定结构中的时态
hardly...when...,no sooner...than...“一……就……” 主句时态用过去完成时,从句时态用一般过去时 Hardly had I opened the door when Tom came in.
This/That/It is/was the first/second...time+that从句“是……次做某事” 若主句中为is,则从句时态用现在完成时;若为was,则从句时态用过去完成时 This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.
It+be...before... “要过……才”或“在……以后才” 若be动词用一般过去时,则before 从句中常用一般过去时;若be动词用将来时,则before 从句中常用一般现在时 I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long,but it’ll still be some time before Brian gets back.
was/were doing...when“正在做某事,这时(突然)” 在when引导的从句中,谓语动词用过去式 I was about to leave when he came in. I had just locked the door when I realised I had left my key on the kitchen table.
was/were about to do...when...“正要做某事,这时(突然)”
had done...when“刚做完某事,这时(突然)”
It is/has been+时间段+since since从句用过去时。该句型表某个动作持续多久。但若since后跟延续性动词,要翻译成否定含义,即“没做某事已经多久了” It has been three years since he worked here. 他不在这工作已经三年了。 It has been three years since he smoked. 他已经戒烟三年了。 It has been three years since he began to smoke. 他吸烟有三年了。
五、主动语态表示被动意义
系动词+形容词 look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear The soup smells good but tastes terrible.
不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态 cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep This kind of material washes easily. The pen writes smoothly.
表开始、结束、运动的动词 begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,run The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.
有些表示“需要”的动词后加动词的-ing形式 need,require,want,be worth Your hair wants cutting. The floor requires washing. The book is worth reading.
不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系 hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible The question is difficult to answer. The box is heavy to carry. The project is impossible to complete in a year.
考点02 动词语态
一、被动语态的构成形式
被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。各种时态的被动语态形式如下：
形式 时间 一般式 进行式 完成式
现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done shall/will have been done
被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。
)It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.
据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。
)In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut.
在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。
With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。
二、get构成的表示被动的短语：get paid/lost/hurt等
While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty.
在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。
We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。
1．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well.
这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。
2．当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。
Have you bought the book that sells well these days I think it is suitable for us teenagers.
你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。
三、主动形式表示被动意义
1．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。
2．be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。
Who is to blame for the mistake 谁应为此错误接受谴责？
The house is to let. 此房出租。
一、单句语法填空
1．Doing exercise in the morning （be）good for our health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．Christmas is the most important festival in the western world. It (fall) on December 25. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3．For example, I (order) a digital camera online the other day and saved about $50. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．The woman looked down, (shake) her head and said: “Not so good.” (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．By the window (sit) a young man with a magazine in his hand. （所给词的适当形式填空）
6．They had to wait and (hope) that someone would come and help them. （所给词的适当形式填空）
7．At present, the remarkable development of digital economy (transform) our modern way of life.(所给词的适当形式填空)
8．Because of climate change, the ice that polar bears depend on for survival (disappear) slowly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．I (translate) the poems of the Tang Dynasty these days. It is very interesting but a little hard. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．I (search) the Internet for the relevant information when my cellphone rang. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．Some children (slide) on the ice happily when they heard someone crying for help. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12．One day Gene and Hannah Bortnick heard piano music coming from their living room. They thought their 3-year-old son Ethan (listen) to a CD．(所给词的适当形式填空)
13．Family-friendly facilities (develop) in the following years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
14．Sooner or later those dishonest people (pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are truly free. (所给词的适当形式填空)
15．The plan they paid much attention to (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
16．As long as you put in more effort, you progress in your schoolwork.(make) (所给词的适当形式填空)
17．Last Sunday he promised he (come) but he hasn’t arrived until now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18．I hoped Tina (come) to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
19．Jason set up a plan that in five years he (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country. (所给词的适当形式填空)
20．So far, our country (make) great achievements in many fields. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21．If you have kids, and they (not see) this film yet, it’s safe to say they’d enjoy it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
22．Since it drew recent media attention, Woon (hear) from resorts and restaurants in 10 countries, including the United States. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23．While online shopping (change) our life, not all of its effects have been positive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
24．Due to the hard training they (do) before, their performances were very impressive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25．The news came as no surprise to me. I (know) for some time that the factory was going to shut down.（所给词的适当形式填空）
26．Tom (work) in the library every night over the last three months. （所给词的适当形式填空）
27．If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. (所给词的适当形式填空)
28．By the time Jane gets home, her aunt (leave) for London to attend a meeting. （所给词的适当形式填空）
29．You’d better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he (have) an important meeting then. (所给词的适当形式填空)
30．Don’t call Mr. Wang at nine tomorrow. He (listen) to a lecture on the reform of the college entrance examination. (所给词的适当形式填空)
31．Don’t call me at nine tomorrow because I (study) at the library then. (所给词的适当形式填空)
32．While drone delivery is new to Beijing, the technology (exist) in other parts of China for several years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
33．Marty (work) really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34．Cleaning must be done before the holiday, typically in January or February, since sweeping after the festivities (see) as removing good luck. (所给词的适当形式填空)
35．According to current regulations, visitors (require) to switch off their camera flashes in the museum. (所给词的适当形式填空)
36．If the project (complete) on time, the company will receive a bonus. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37．The plan that (approve) by the committee last week will be implemented next month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38．My life (save) many years ago by a St John ambulance and it’s a marvelous feeling repaying back that kindness. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
39．The sports meeting that the students have been looking forward to (hold) tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40．More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41．I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we (fine)if we leave it here.（所给词的适当形式填空）
42．He was not sure whether his thesis paper (approve) by the professor tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43．Mo Yan is the only one of the writers who (award) the Nobel Prize for Literature in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44．But no evidence of life (discover) in any of these planet so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45．With the help of high technology, more and more new substances in the past years. (discover) （所给词的适当形式填空）
46．In recent years many football clubs as business to make a profit. (run) （所给词的适当形式填空）
47．When I got to the theatre, I found that the tickets (sell out) and I didn’t get one. （所给词的适当形式填空）
48．It was said that the flight to New York (cancel) due to the foggy weather. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49．Students are not allowed to use the art centre at the moment because it (decorate). （所给词的适当形式填空）
50．The church tower which (restore) at present will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.(所给词的适当形式填空)
51．The gym which (build) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.(所给词的适当形式填空)
52．The church tower which (restore) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53．It so happened that my mobile phone (repair) when you called me yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54．He went home in a hurry,never once looking back to see if he (follow). （所给词的适当形式填空）
55．The baby should (take) good care of by the baby-sitter. （所给词的适当形式填空）
56．The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57．His proposal that the system (improve) got rejected by the boss. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58．This kind of desk can (adjust) to the height you need. Besides, it’s not expensive at all. （所给词的适当形式填空）
59．The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen, where customers’ comments on the month’s best-seller (display). (所给词的适当形式填空)
60．It is announced that many a new house (build) at present in the disaster area. (所给词的适当形式填空)
二、语篇语法填空
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The China Cultural Center in Malta launched its 2024-2025 term on Tuesday, introducing a fresh lineup of classes in Chinese language, traditional Chinese painting, and calligraphy, offering 1 (local) new ways to immerse (沉浸) themselves in Chinese culture.
The Chinese language classes, 2 (teach) by instructors from the Confucius Institute at the University of Malta, range from beginner to intermediate levels and 3 (tailor) to different age groups and skill levels. 4 the first time, the center has introduced a dedicated Chinese reading class for children under eight, a reflection of the rising interest in the language among Malta’s younger learners.
Among the students 5 (be) 66-year-old Ray Magri, 6 has been studying Chinese for five years, driven by his passion for Chinese culture. Citing the old Chinese saying, “Never too old to learn,” Magri 7 (share) with one newcomer his intention to continue learning for as long as he can.
Another student, Piero Di Meglio, 8 (true) hopes to become fluent in Chinese, including speaking, reading, and writing. 9 experienced traveler to China, Di Meglio has reached HSK Level 3, the international benchmark for Chinese proficiency, and aims 10 (advance) to Levels 4 and 5 in the coming years. Newcomer Jonathan Xuereb embraced the challenge of learning Chinese, acknowledging its complexity but calling it “one of the hardest yet most rewarding languages to learn”.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shanghai-based language and literature magazine Yaowen Jiaozi, literally meaning “biting phrases and chewing characters,” recently unveiled its Top 10 Chinese Buzzwords for 2024. Released on December 2, the list spotlights linguistic trends 11 reflect societal changes.
The selection includes terms like “digital intelligence” and “AI for good,” 12 (showcase) the influence of artificial intelligence (AI). “Digital intelligence” refers to the integration of advanced intelligent technologies into digital systems 13 (boost) productivity, streamline resource management and foster innovation. Meanwhile, “AI for good” underscores the ethical responsibility of developing AI to benefit humanity, fuel industrial 14 (transform), drive the economy, and promote sustainability.
Huang Anjing, Editor in Chief of Yaowen Jiaozi, told Dazhong Daily newspaper that 15 annual buzzword selection aims to capture wide-ranging 16 (shift) in politics, the economy, culture and daily life.
Huang also brought up the rising influence of Generation Z. The strong performance of Chinese Gen Z athletes at the 2024 Paris Olympic and Paralympic Summer Games, 17 (couple) with their confident attitude, gave rise to affectionate terms like “kid-bro/kid-sis,” now widely used as a mark of respect.
According to Huang, the linguistic creativity on short-video platforms 18 (reach) unprecedented levels, particularly among younger generations. The ease of posting content on these platforms allows 19 the swift exchange of ideas, leading to the spontaneous creation and popularization of new terms. On the downside, it’s harder to regulate 20 (potential) problematic language.
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“X Virtual Gathering: Honey”, a new project of X Museum’s digital art platform X Virtual, 21 (launch) on Thursday in Beijing with an exhibition and a video game designed by multiple creatives from home and abroad.
Upon entering the exhibition, visitors are grabbed by the electronic music 22 (mix) with a buzzing noise playing in the game, the interface (界面) of which is projected on the wall. They are invited to pick up the controller to start the game, becoming a bee busy gathering honey.
Depicted in a 23 (future), robotic and metallic style, the worker bee 24 (fly) through various landscapes, including a mysterious jungle and an erupting volcano. Eight music pieces, each of which represents a specific event, are triggered as it moves through different levels within the game, immersing the player in 25 adventure with a bee’s perspective. As an abstract medium, music alters and challenges the participants’ senses, urging us 26 (rethink) ecological justice and species justice.
According to the curators (策展人), this project explores the vast, interconnected world of bees 27 how it influences ideas around ecology, human civilization, and capitalism. It is an urgent response 28 crises such as resource exhaustion and a net loss of biodiversity 29 we humans are faced with, as well as the slowly widening 30 (divide) between civilization and nature through technological revolutions.
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“It is an outstanding conclusion to a great Beethoven cycle. Frank Peter Zimmermann and Martin Helmchen finish their project in fine style,” says Julian Haylock.
We are 31 (current) experiencing one of the most exciting periods in recording. We have been especially lucky over the last decade or so, 32 charming recordings of Beethoven’s violin sonatas that make some older ones sound ordinary.
Frank Peter Zimmermann and Martin Helmchen are an outstanding team, 33 latest release brings their three-disc survey to 34 uplifting conclusion. The “little” No.8 is kept light-as-air, with some music jokes occasionally thrown off from magical hands. One of the trickiest movements in the cycle 35 (be) the central Minuetto (小步舞曲), yet here it is kept flowing and dancing, gently 36 (mix) with delicate precision.
These are the readings that also have their great arms firmly on the music. The 37 (distinguish) players create a sense of anticipation in the introduction to Kreutzer Sonata’s opening movement, which 38 (play) completely with Zimmermann over the wonderful music pauses.
Finest of all is a reading of the Op.96 Sonata that allows listeners 39 (dream) a little and feel the 40 (composer) undervalued silence in all its charm.
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If you’ve ever spent time in China during the summer, you probably recall seeing people on the streets 41 (wave) their handheld fans in an attempt to beat the heat. But the traditional Chinese folding fan is not just a tool for cooling down. It’s an important part of the Chinese culture 42 has over 3, 000 years of history from the Shang Dynasty.
The fan-making industry in China 43 (primary) consisted of family-run businesses that produced their designs in small 44 (quantity) and sold them from the front of their workshops. The city of Hangzhou was the center of the industry during the Southern Song dynasty.
Composed of panels and ribs, folding fans 45 (design) to spin around the rivet (铆钉) at the head. Panels, as the main surface of the fan, provided a canvas for craftspeople and artists 46 (add) calligraphy and painted scenes. Fans decorated with paintings and calligraphy became known 47 “scholars’ fans” and often reflected a person’s status. Artwork featuring birds and flowers symbolized beauty and gracefulness, making them 48 popular subject among young women. Mythical creatures were also popular choices — dragons were painted frequently onto 49 (man) fans while ladies typically preferred phoenixes.
From its beginning during the Shang Dynasty to having over 500 kinds of fans in China today, folding fans 50 (stand) the test of time and are still widely popular — not only in China but around the world.
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