重难语法03 非谓语动词
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 2
考点01 不定式 5
考点02 动名词 9
考点03 分词 10
高考练场 15
非谓语动词包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）、现在分词（doing）和过去分词（done）。它们在句子中不能单独作谓语，但可以承担其他语法功能。
动词不定式
涉及作主语（如 “It is + adj. + (for/of sb.) to do sth.” 中引导词及形式考查）、宾语（特定动词后接不定式作宾语情况）、宾补（使役、感官动词后 to 的有无）、定语（表将来动作）、状语（目的、结果等情况）的相关用法及形式考查。
动名词
涵盖作主语（主谓一致及形式）、宾语（特定动词短语后接动名词的情况及复合结构）、表语（与主语关系及语法正确性）方面的考查。
分词
现在分词：在作定语（与修饰词主动、正在进行关系）、状语（与主语主动关系及表达逻辑）、宾语补足语（强调动作正在进行）等方面有考点。
过去分词：作定语时与修饰词为被动且动作已完成等情况是考查重点。
一、不定式用法
1. 构成
一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing
完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing
1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi.
2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well.
3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.
4. It happened to be raining when I got there.
注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定
式。
注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如：
I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你，但没来成。
I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。
I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。
2．用法
To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. （主语/形式主语）
He managed to solve the complicated problem. （宾语）
I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. （形式宾语）
His wish is to become an astronaut. （表语）
On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. （定语）
She raised her voice to be heard well. （状语）
The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities.
二、动名词用法
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 writing being written
完成式 having written having been written
★ 必背动词
admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误
deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象
finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练
recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议
keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐
advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许
★ 必背句型
The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。
There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again.
The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。
Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam.
三、分词用法
现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态
一般式 writing being written
完成式 having written having been written
The child standing over there is my brother．
Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends.
His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.
Please keep us informed of the latest developments.
Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.
Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the cinema.
一、单句语法填空
1．Some people would prefer (stay) at home rather than go travelling on holidays. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to stay
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人假期宁愿呆在家里也不愿去旅游。prefer to do...rather than do...为固定句型，意为“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。故填to stay。
2．We are invited to a party (hold) on our club next Friday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to be held
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们被邀请参加下星期五在我们俱乐部举行的晚会。句中谓语是are invited，空格处用非谓语动词，party和hold之间是逻辑动宾关系，由next Friday可知，晚会是将来被举办，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态to be held作后置定语修饰party。故填to be held。
3． (get) a satisfactory reply, the customer wrote to the manager complaining about the bad service of that salesman. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】To get
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了得到满意的答复，顾客写信给经理，抱怨那个推销员的服务太差。空格处需要填入非谓语动词，此处表示目的，所有用动词不定式。故填To get。
4．Due to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have been forced (leave) their homes. （用所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to leave
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于大雨和洪水，一千万人被迫离开家园。根据谓语“have been forced”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；动词短语force sb to do sth意为“迫使某人做某事”，故空处应为动词不定式，作主语补足语。故填to leave。
5．I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything (buy) （用所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to be bought
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：今天下午我要去超市。你有什么要买的吗？ have something to do 表示主动，意思是有事要去做，anything与buy为被动关系，所以用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be bought。
6．I like getting up early in summer because the morning air is so good (breath). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to breathe
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢在夏天早起，因为早晨的空气呼吸起来很舒服。此处为固定句型：主语+be+adj.+to do，意为“某事做起来是……的”，breathe的逻辑宾语是air，此处用主动形式表达被动含义。故填to breathe。
7．Doctors usually suggest (drink) little wine. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】drinking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：医生通常建议少喝酒。suggest doing sth.是固定用法，表示“建议做某事”。故填drinking。
8．Taking physical exercise regularly is an effective way to avoid (infect) with the flu. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being infected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：定期进行体育锻炼是避免感染流感的有效方法。avoid doing sth.表示“避免做某事”，infect与主语之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式being infected。故填being infected。
9． (admit) to Fudan University in advance made him feel on top of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Being admitted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：提前被复旦大学录取使他感到自己处于世界之巅。固定短语be admitted to (被……录取)，用动名词形式作主语，通常表示抽象动作，首字母大写。故填Being admitted。
10．He sat in the stand and imagined (fight) bravely with a fierce bull in the Colosseum.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】fighting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他坐在看台上，想象着在斗兽场与一头凶猛的公牛勇敢地搏斗。imagine doing sth. (想象做某事)，fight用动名词形式，作宾语。故填fighting。
11．With modern traffic control facilities, speeders can’t expect to escape (detect). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being detected
【详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意：有了现代化的交通控制设施，超速者不可能逃脱被发现的命运。escape doing sth. (逃脱做某事)，且detect与逻辑主语speeders是被动关系，detect用动名词的被动式（being done）。故填being detected。
12．Is there any possibility of our the championship (win)
【答案】winning
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有可能赢得冠军吗？of为介词，后跟动名词作宾语，根据上文our可知此处为动名词的复合结构。故填winning。
13．Rooms (vary) in size are equipped with hair-driers, television and telephone.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】varying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不同大小的房间都配有吹风机、电视和电话。vary和Rooms之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作后置定语，故填varying。
14．Italians throw old things out of their windows at midnight, (symbolize) the departure of the old. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】symbolizing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：意大利人在午夜时分把旧东西扔出窗外，象征着旧人的离去。此处symbolize与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填symbolizing。
15．The plot centers around two separate narratives regarding two policemen (work) within Hong Kong. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】working
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：情节围绕两个单独的叙述展开，讲述的是两名在香港工作的警察。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动词centers，空处是非谓语动词，work“工作”和policemen逻辑上是主动关系，应用work的现在分词形式，作policemen的后置定语。故填working。
16． (suffer) from heart disease for years, Professor White has to take medicine with him wherever he goes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Having suffered
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于患有心脏病多年，怀特教授无论走到哪里都得随身带着药。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词has to take，所以suffer用非谓语动词，和逻辑主语Professor White之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，根据时间状语for years可知用现在完成时，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Having suffered。
17．The international conference currently (hold) has caught the attention of the mass media. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being held
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：目前正在举行的国际会议引起了大众媒体的注意。句中有谓语has caught，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，The international conference和动词hold是被动关系，且由currently可知，此处表示“正在举行”，应用现在分词的被动语态being done。故填being held。
18．Many Chinese brands, (develop) their reputations over centuries, are encountering new challenges from the modern market.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】having developed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多中国品牌，已经建立了几个世纪的声誉，正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。句中已有谓语are encountering且无连词，故空处填非谓语动词，develop和逻辑主语brands之间为主动关系，结合时间状语over centuries可知，此处强调非谓语的动作发生在谓语动词之前，故用现在分词的完成式。故填having developed。
19．Listening to music at home is one thing, and going to hear it (perform) live is quite another. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】being performed
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去听现场演奏又是另一回事。hear sb./sth. doing sth.听到某人/某物正在做某事。又因为音乐和演奏之间是被动关系，故用现在分词的被动形式being done。故填being performed。
20．The problem (discuss) at present at the meeting is of great importance. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】being discussed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：会议上正在讨论的问题非常重要。分析句子结构，此处用非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰the problem，构成被动关系；结合at present，可知此处表达动作正在进行。综合以上分析，being discussed表进行和被动，符合题意。故填being discussed。
21．Many Chinese brands, （develop） their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】having developed
【详解】考查现在分词完成式。句意：许多中国品牌，享誉数百年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。本句已有谓语 are facing且无连词，主语Many Chinese brands和动词develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词表主动作状语，表示伴随状况；develop这个动作发生在谓语动词face动作之前，应该使用现在分词的完成式（having done）。故填having developed。
22．The speech (deliver) by the president last week was inspiring.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】delivered
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统上周发表的讲话鼓舞人心。deliver和speech之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填delivered。
23．Tony Leung plays the part of a (reject) lover perfectly and gives off an air of being sad without ever really being pathetic (可悲的). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】rejected
【详解】考查形容词。句意：梁朝伟完美地扮演了一个被冷落的恋人，他散发出一种悲伤的气息，但并不真的可悲。空处作定语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语lover之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填rejected。
24．Only in retrospect (回顾) did the value of appreciating a movie without judging, (accompany) by the joy of sharing become self-evident to me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】accompanied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有回顾时，不加评判地欣赏一部电影，伴随着分享的喜悦，这种价值对我来说才变得不言而喻。分析句子可知，句子使用了部分倒装，已有谓语动词，空处是非谓语动词，accompany“伴随”和the value of appreciating a movie逻辑上是被动关系，应用accompany的过去分词形式，作定语。故填accompanied。
25． (see) from the west ban of the Hungpu River, the Oriental Pearl Tower looks so tall and grand. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Seen
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：从黄浦江西岸望去，东方明珠塔巍峨雄伟。分析句子结构可知，see在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，句子主语the Oriental Pearl Tower承受see的动作，因此使用过去分词作状语，空格位于句首，故填Seen。
26．To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study (conduct) in Australia in 2021.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】conducted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：回到水污染的问题上来，我想让大家看看2021年在澳大利亚进行的一项研究。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰study，study和conduct为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填conducted。
27．Seeing the soldiers well (prepare) for the fight, the general nodded with satisfaction. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】prepared
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到士兵们为战斗做好了充分的准备，将军满意地点了点头。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词形式，prepare oneself for something表示“为某事做好准备”，所以the soldiers和prepare为被动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应用过去分词作宾补。故填prepared。
28． (locate) in the northwest of China, Xi’an is seen as the birthplace of the country’s civilization.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Located
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：西安位于中国西北部，被视为中国文明的发祥地。分析句子可知。此空应填非谓语作状语，且 Xi’an与locate为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词形式作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Located。
29．The old couple often take a walk after supper with the pet dog (follow) them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】following
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：这对老夫妇经常晚饭后散步，宠物狗跟着他们。在with的复合结构中，动词follow意为“跟随”，和逻辑主语the pet dog构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填following。
30．With the homework (finish), he was allowed to watch the football match. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】finished
【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：作业做完后，他被允许去看足球比赛。with的复合结构：with+宾语+宾语补足语（用现在分词表示主动；用过去分词表示被动）；句中homework和finish之间是被动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语。故填finished。
31．He pretended (do) his homework when his mother came in. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to be doing
【详解】考查动词不定式的进行时。句意：他妈妈进来了时，他假装在做作业。此处为动词短语pretend to do sth“假装做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式，结合句意可知，当妈妈进来时，他假装做作业的动作正在发生，故用不定式的进行时to be doing作宾语。故填to be doing。
32．Only by making great efforts (prevent) pollution can the problem be solved. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to prevent
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有努力防止污染，这个问题才能得到解决。此处为短语make great efforts to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，应填不定式。故填to prevent。
33．The scientist claimed (invent) a new kind of car already. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to have invented
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位科学家声称已经发明了一种新型汽车。claim to do “声称要做某事”。根据句中的already可知，“发明”这个动作已经完成，所以此处需要用动词不定式的完成式。故填to have invented。
34．Allen is believed (design) a new computer program at present, but we don’t know when she will finish it.
【答案】to be designing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Allen被认为目前正在设计一个新的电脑程序，但我们不知道她什么时候完成。sb. be believed to do sth.意为“某人被认为做某事”，为固定句型，不定式作主语补足语。根据at present，此处用动词不定式的进行式，表示正在进行。故答案为to be designing。
35．He is thought (act) foolishly, which has caused him to lose his job. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to have acted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为他的行为很愚蠢，这使他失去了工作。be thought to do sth“被认为做某事”，且act表示的动作发生在thought之前，故使用动词不定式的完成式，故填to have acted。
36．The English version of the novel is due to (publish) next year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】be published
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意：这部小说的英文版将于明年出版。be due to do sth.“预计做某事，将要做某事”为固定搭配。动词publish与其逻辑主语The English version 之间存在被动关系，此处应用动词不定式的被动语态to be done。根据空前is due to可知，空处应用be published。故填be published。
37．It is a waste of time (wait) here. He won’t come today. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】waiting
【详解】考查动名词。句意：在这里等待是浪费时间。他今天不来。此空考查It is a waste of time doing sth.意为“做某事是浪费时间”，为固定句型。故填waiting。
38． (lie)on the beach in summer can make you relaxed. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Lying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：夏天躺在沙滩上真的会让你感到放松。此处应该填入主语，结合句意，用动名词作为主语，表示一般性的行为，注意首字母大写，故填Lying。
39．They didn’t anticipate (meet) so much trouble in the process. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】meeting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们没想到在这个过程中遇到这么多麻烦。句中anticipate doing sth为固定短语，意为“预料做某事”，设空处作anticipate的宾语，需用动名词形式。故填meeting。
40．My teacher recommended (read) the book before seeing the movie. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】reading
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的老师建议在看电影之前先读这本书。recommend doing sth.表示“建议做某事”，所以空处应填动名词reading作宾语。故填reading。
41．Tom denied (persuade) Mary to predict that the future of AI careers was potential. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】persuading
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆否认曾说服玛丽预测人工智能职业的未来是有潜力的。此处为短语deny doing sth.表示“否认做过某事”。故填persuading。
42．The match was canceled because most of the members objected to (have) a match without a standard court. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】having
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：比赛被取消，因为大多数成员反对在没有标准球场的情况下进行比赛。分析句子可知，这里考查object to doing，表“反对做某事”，为固定搭配，所以这里应用动名词作介词后宾语。故填having。
43．The children got down to (prepare) popcorn the instant they got they needed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】 preparing what
【详解】考查非谓语动词以及宾语从句。句意：孩子们一得到所需的东西就开始准备爆米花。get down to“开始认真做某事”，为固定短语，其中to为介词，所以第一个空处需要动名词作宾语。第二个空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的东西”，所以用what引导该从句。故填①preparing②what。
44．Our comfort foods (vary) from person to person have shaped our lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】varying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们所钟爱的食物因人而异，塑造了我们的生活。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，Our comfort foods与vary为主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填varying。
45．The book, (contain) valuable insights into modern art, is a must-read for students in the field. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】containing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书包含了对现代艺术的宝贵见解，是该领域学生的必读之作。contain与book为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填containing。
46． (not f ind) the missing boy, they had to stay there for another two weeks. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Not having found
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有找到失踪的男孩，他们不得不在那里再待两个星期。空处作状语，they与find之间为主动关系，且状语动作发生在主句之前，用现在分词的完成式的否定形式。故填Not having found。
47． (wait) in line for 2 hours, the angry man yelled at the counter agent. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Having waited
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：排了两个小时的队后，那个愤怒的人对柜台服务员大喊大叫。空格处用非谓语形式作状语，动词wait与句子的主语the angry man之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，且此处强调wait这一动作发生在男人大喊大叫之前，应用现在分词的完成式，having置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having waited。
48．A smile shows you are attentive to the issued (discuss), while looking away with your arms folded can indicate d is interest and create distrust or friction. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being discussed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：句意：微笑表明你对正在讨论的问题很关注，而双臂交叉地望向别处则表示不感兴趣，并产生不信任或摩擦。空处修饰名词issues作定语，表示正在进行的动作，并且和名词之间是被动关系，应用现在分词的被动语态。故填being discussed。
49．When (equip) with new scientific farming methods, farmers can use less farmland to produce more. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】equipped
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当配备了新的科学耕作方法时，农民可以使用更少的农田来生产更多的作物。When引导的时间状语从句省略了主语，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语farmers和equip之间是动宾关系，所以空处应用过去分词。When equipped...补充完整为When they are equipped...，省略主语和be动词。故填equipped。
50．The committee (establish) last year holds a meeting every month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】established
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年成立的委员会每月召开一次会议。“(establish) last year”作后置定语，establish(建立，设立)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The committee之间是被动关系，用过去分词established表被动。故填established。
二、语篇语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the wheel of time turns, traditional practices are witnessing a comeback. Gua sha, an ancient Chinese healing technique, has been gaining 1 (popular) in recent years as a holistic approach to wellness and beauty, because it offers various benefits to modern wellness seekers.
On TikTok, a before-and-after video of gua sha has been viewed more than 11.8 million times. Meanwhile, influencers have started to share their gua sha routines on some other media apps, attracting 2 (grow) attention from global audiences. Moreover, western beauty stores and 3 (celebrity) have jumped at the fashion and started favoring gua sha or selling its tools.
Factually, gua sha has been practiced in China since the Ming Dynasty and is known to have muscle pain relieved 4 improve blood circulation. Originally, it 5 (use) on the body, like arms, legs, and back. However, nowadays, it’s commonly used to improve the 6 (face) skin health. The practice is performed using a smooth-edged tool to gently scrape (刮) areas of the body, 7 , according to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), can encourage 8 healthy flow of energy and blood.
Gua sha, a TCM practice, also 9 (serve) as a cultural practice, now has 10 (incredible) found its way to the west due to its potential health benefits. Undoubtedly, promoting TCM practices could be a much-needed opportunity for others to learn more about Chinese cultures.
【答案】
1．popularity 2．growing 3．celebrities 4．and 5．was used 6．facial 7．which 8．a 9．serving 10．incredibly
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲的是刮痧这一中国传统疗法在现代社会的复兴与普及。
1．考查名词。句意：刮痧，这一古老的中国疗法，近年来作为一种促进健康和美容的整体方法，越来越受欢迎，因为它为现代追求健康的人们提供了多种益处。空格处用名词作宾语，popular的名词是popularity，意为“受欢迎程度”。故填popularity。
2．考查形容词。句意：同时，一些网红也开始在其他媒体应用上分享他们的刮痧日常，吸引了全球观众的日益关注。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词attention，grow的形容词是growing，意为“日益增长的”。故填growing。
3．考查名词的复数。句意：此外，西方美容店和名人也紧跟这一潮流，开始推崇刮痧或销售相关工具。celebrity是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数。故填celebrities。
4．考查连词。句意：事实上，刮痧自明朝以来就在中国流传，据说能缓解肌肉疼痛并改善血液循环。have和improve之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列。故填and。
5．考查谓语动词。句意：起初，它主要用于身体部位，如手臂、腿部和背部。它是被使用，用被动语态，且句子描述过去的事情，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语it是单数，因此空格处是was used。故填was used。
6．考查形容词。句意：然而，如今它常被用来改善面部皮肤健康。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词skin，face的形容词是facial，意为“面部的”。故填facial。
7．考查定语从句。句意：这种疗法使用边缘平滑的工具轻轻刮拭身体部位，根据中医理论，这可以促进能量和血液的顺畅流动。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词The practice是物，因此空格处用which。故填which。
8．考查冠词。句意：这种疗法使用边缘平滑的工具轻轻刮拭身体部位，根据中医理论，这可以促进能量和血液的顺畅流动。flow是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，healthy是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：刮痧，作为一种中医实践，同时也是一种文化实践，如今因其潜在的健康益处，不可思议地找到了通往西方世界的道路。has found是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，Gua sha, a TCM practice和serve之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。故填serving。
10．考查副词。句意：刮痧，作为一种中医实践，同时也是一种文化实践，如今因其潜在的健康益处，不可思议地找到了通往西方世界的道路。空格处用副词incredibly修饰动词found，incredibly意为“难以置信地”。故填incredibly。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, 492 caves in Mogao Grottoes have been placed 11 protection and are considered a cultural treasure for the world. While Buddhism (佛教) is the main focus of the caves’ artwork, it also shows the cultures, daily life and stories of people living in the area when the caves 12 (construct).
Works of art combining Chinese, Indian, and even European styles have been found there, along with scriptures (经文) from 13 (variety) religions, official documents and popular literature. All of these elements make the Grottoes a rich resource not just for researchers, 14 for anyone interested in history.
The artistic value of the Mogao Grottoes 15 (consist) of three elements: the architecture of the caves themselves, the sculptures and the paintings. The caves come in several designs. Most are rectangular with a small entry on the east side. The two 16 (common) types among all the caves are those with a niche(壁龛) 17 (contain) sculptures on the west wall, and caves with a central column covered in sculptures. Nearly always, the walls and ceilings are covered in paintings of important figures in Buddhism, financial 18 (contribute), Buddhist stories and scriptures, as well as 19 (decorate) art, Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, 20 shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art.
【答案】
11．under 12．were constructed 13．Various 14．but 15．consists 16．most common 17．containing 18．contributors 19．decorative/decoration 20．which
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莫高窟的相关情况，包括它的保护现状、艺术作品所展现的内容、艺术价值的构成元素以及其对研究中国艺术史的重要意义。
11．考查介词。句意：如今，莫高窟的492个洞窟已被置于保护之下，被视为世界文化瑰宝。“under protection”是固定短语，意为“在保护之下”，故填under。
12．考查被动语态。句意：虽然佛教是洞窟艺术作品的主要焦点，但它也展示了洞窟建造时该地区人们的文化、日常生活和故事。谓语动词construct与主语the caves之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；因句子表达的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were constructed。
13．考查形容词。句意：在那里发现了融合了中国、印度甚至欧洲风格的艺术作品，以及来自各种宗教的经文、官方文件和通俗文学。修饰名词religions要用形容词作定语，“variety”的形容词形式是“various”，意为“各种各样的”，故填various。
14．考查连词。句意：所有这些元素使石窟不仅成为研究人员的丰富资源，而且对任何对历史感兴趣的人来说也是如此。“not just...but (also)…”是固定短语，意为“不仅…… 而且……”，故填but。
15．考查主谓一致。句意：莫高窟的艺术价值由三个元素组成：洞窟本身的建筑、雕塑和绘画。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；句子主语“The artistic value”是单数，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填consists。
16．考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有洞窟中，最常见的两种类型是西墙上有一个壁龛用来放置雕塑的洞窟，以及中间有一根柱子且上面覆盖着雕塑的洞窟。根据“among all the caves”可知，这里是在所有洞窟中进行比较，应用形容词的最高级形式，“common”的最高级是“most common”，故填most common。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空白处在句子中作后置定语，因与其逻辑主语a niche之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词，故填containing。
18．考查名词。句意：几乎总是，墙壁和天花板上覆盖着佛教重要人物的画作、赞助者、佛教故事和经文，以及装饰艺术。根据“paintings of important figures in Buddhism(佛教重要人物的画作)”以及“Buddhist stories and scriptures(佛教故事和经文)”可知，这里应填表示人的名词，“contribute”指人的名词形式为“contributor”意为“赞助者”，因此处为泛指，使用其复数形式contributors，故填 contributors。
19．考查形容词、名词。句意：同上。修饰名词art要用形容词作定语，“decorate”的形容词形式是 “decorative”，意为“装饰性的”；也可以用名词“decoration”作定语修饰art，“decoration art”意为“装饰艺术”，也符合句意，故填 decorative/decoration。
20．考查定语从句。句意：通过这些艺术作品，可以清楚地观察到公元4世纪至14世纪中国绘画的发展，这表明了莫高窟对任何想要研究中国艺术史的人来说是多么有价值。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导定语从句，故填which。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place 21 lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi.
During the Ming Dynasty, Gu Xiancheng, a dismissed official 22 (return) to his hometown, together with Gao PanIong and his younger brother Gu Yuncheng, raised money to restore the academy. The three learned scholars called 23 (they) “Donglin People”. They were taken as examples by Chinese scholars and 24 (influence) an enormous amount of people.
In 1902, it was changed into a public school, later called Donglin Primary School. In 2002, the Wuxi government determined 25 (undertake) a comprehensive restoration of Donglin Academy. Following the restoration, main buildings now resemble their 26 (origin) appearance.
Donglin Academy of Classical Learning occupies an important position in China’s history, regardless of politics, culture 27 education. Clean-handed Donglin scholars paid much attention to rigorous (严谨的) study and righteous behaviours. They enthusiastically practiced, advocated and struggled 28 reform. All their virtues composed a part of ancient Chinese essential cultural legacy (遗产).
The Donglin spirit of “studying to save the world” and “regarding world affairs as their own responsibilities” 29 (pass) down for over 400 years. It will 30 (continuous) educate and inspire people to work for the social and civil progress.
【答案】
21．where 22．returning 23．themselves 24．influenced 25．to undertake 26．original 27．or 28．for 29．has been passed 30．continuously
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文简要介绍了东林书院的历史沿革、重要地位以及东林精神。
21．考查定语从句。句意：在很长一段时间里，这里是著名学者杨时讲学的地方。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a place，在从句中作地点状语，所以设空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
22．考查非谓语动词。句意：明朝时，被革职的官员顾宪成和他的弟弟顾允成以及高攀龙一起回到家乡，募集资金修复书院。句中raised为谓语动词，设空处需用非谓语动词，return的逻辑主语是a dismissed official，二者之间是主动关系，所以设空处需用现在分词作后置定语。故填returning。
23．考考查代词。句意：这三位学者自称“东林人”。call oneself意为“自称”，结合主语是The three learned scholars，此处应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
24．考查时态和语态。句意：他们被中国学者奉为榜样，影响了无数人。设空处使用动词作谓语，此处与前文were taken是并列谓语，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填influenced。
25．考查固定短语。句意：2002年，无锡市政府决定对东林书院进行全面修复。determine to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，为固定短语。故填to undertake。
26．考查形容词。句意：修复后，主体建筑恢复了原貌。设空处修饰名词appearance，需用形容词作定语。故填original。
27．考查连词。句意：东林书院在中国历史上占有重要地位，无论政治、文化还是教育。设空处使用连词，连接politics、culture和education，三者之间是选择关系，需用连词or连接。故填or。
28．考查介词。句意：他们热情地实践、倡导和争取改革。struggle for意为“为……而斗争”，为固定短语。故填for。
29．考查时态和语态。句意：东林“读书救国”和“以天下为己任”的精神已经传承了400多年。设空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语for over 400 years可知，句子应用现在完成时，且主语The Donglin spirit与动词pass之间是被动关系，所以设空处需用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been passed。
30．考查副词。句意：它将不断教育和激励人们为社会和公民进步而工作。设空处修饰动词educate和inspire，需用副词作状语。故填continuously。
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to the word “hot”, it can describe someone’s sex appeal, the spiciness of food, and the heat of the weather. Coincidentally, Chongqing, a city that blends modern skyscrapers with centuries-old traditions, is the very city 31 has all three characteristics.
Let me start by talking about the weather. In summer, Chongqing can be 32 (extreme) hot and humid. Temperatures often rise above 37 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), 33 (make) it feel like a sauna. People try to stay cool by drinking cold drinks and enjoying the shade.
Next, Chongqing is known for its spicy food. One of the most popular 34 (dish) is hot pot. It consists 35 a boiling pot of spicy broth where people cook fresh ingredients like meat 36 vegetables. The unique flavors and heat of the spices make every meal an adventure. Eating hot pot with friends is a fun experience, and the warmth of the food 37 (match) the city’s spirit.
Last but not least, Chongqing features for its beautiful women, who often have a confident and 38 (charm) presence. The blend of beauty and personality adds to the lively atmosphere of the city. You can see many 39 (fashion) young women enjoying the streets and parks, making the city even more vibrant.
Chongqing’s hot weather, spicy food, and warm people create 40 unique and exciting environment.
Chongqing is hot.
【答案】
31．that 32．extremely 33．making 34．dishes 35．of 36．and 37．matches 38．charming 39．fashionable 40．a
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文根据“hot”一词的三个含义，介绍了重庆这座城市的三个“热”特征：炎热的天气、辛辣的美食和迷人的女性。
31．考查定语从句。句意：巧合的是，重庆，这座融合了现代摩天大楼和古老传统的城市，正是拥有这三个特点的城市。定语从句修饰先行词the very city，关系词在从句作主语，由the very修饰只能用that。故填that。
32．考查副词。句意：在夏天，重庆可能会非常炎热和潮湿。修饰形容词hot，应用副词extremely。故填extremely。
33．考查非谓语动词。句意：温度经常超过37摄氏度（95华氏度），让人感觉像在蒸桑拿。此处需要一个现在分词形式的动词来表示结果，构成结果状语，因此使用“making”。故填making。
34．考查名词的数。句意：最受欢迎的菜肴之一是火锅。此处为“one of +可数名词复数”。故填dishes。
35．考查介词。句意：它由一锅辛辣的肉汤组成，人们在里面煮新鲜的食材，比如肉和蔬菜。短语consist of表示“由……组成”，故填of。
36．考查连词。句意：它由一锅辛辣的肉汤组成，人们在里面煮新鲜的食材，比如肉和蔬菜。此处meat和vegetables为并列关系，因此使用and。故填and。
37．考查时态。句意：和朋友一起吃火锅是一种有趣的体验，食物的温暖与这座城市的精神相匹配。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，主语为the warmth of the food，谓语用三单形式。故填matches。
38．考查形容词。句意：最后但并非最不重要的一点是，重庆的特色在于美丽的女性，她们往往自信而迷人。修饰名词presence，应用形容词charming。故填charming。
39．考查形容词。句意：你可以看到许多时尚的年轻女性享受着街道和公园，使这个城市更加充满活力。修饰名词young women应用形容词fashionable。故填fashionable。
40．考查冠词。句意：重庆炎热的天气、辛辣的食物和热情的人创造了一个独特而令人兴奋的环境。此处需要一个不定冠词来表示“一个独特的和令人振奋的环境”，又因unique的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On February 20, leading Chinese e-commerce platform JD．com reported that sales of traditional Hanfu clothing had surged over 300 percent year on year since January. This trend was mirrored on Taobao, 41 over the Double 11 shopping festival sales topped 730,000 units. Sales and search data signal a widespread and growing 42 (fascinate) with traditional Chinese clothing styles.
The horse face skirt is a traditional Chinese skirt 43 (feature) a distinct pleated (有褶的) design. It is 44 (occasional) referred to in a more generic sense as an apron. This type of skirt is 45 key component of Hanfu, serving as a lower garment (衣服). It is 46 (celebrate) as one of the most emblematic styles of ancient Chinese skirts, showcasing a rich cultural heritage through 47 (it) unique appearance and historical significance.
Influencers and content creators play a significant role in promoting Hanfu and fostering a sense of community. To date, the horse face skirt on Douyin 48 (attract)more than 17.6 billion views across related topics and short videos. Meanwhile, on Xiaohongshu, 49 (search) for the same term have resulted in over 880,000 posts.
What the horse face skirt’s popularity reflects is the growing appetite for Hanfu-inspired designs as well 50 a deeper cultural revival for classical Chinese aesthetics.
【答案】
41．where 42．fascination 43．featuring 44．occasionally 45．a 46．celebrated 47．its 48．has attracted 49．searches 50．as
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是汉服和马面裙的流行趋势、文化意义以及社交媒体上的广泛影响，展现了当代社会对中国传统文化的重新认识。
41．考查定语从句。句意：这一趋势在淘宝上也得到了反映，在双十一购物节期间，淘宝的销量超过了73万件。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词Taobao是抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。
42．考查名词。句意：销售和搜索数据显示，人们对中国传统服装风格有着广泛且日益浓厚的兴趣。growing是形容词，修饰名词，fascinate的名词是fascination，意为“入迷，着迷”，故填fascination。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：马面裙是一种传统的中国裙，具有独特的褶裥设计。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，skirt和feature之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填featuring。
44．考查副词。句意：它有时被称为更一般的围裙。空格处用副词occasionally修饰动词referred，occasionally意为“偶尔”。故填occasionally。
45．考查冠词。句意：这种裙子是汉服的重要组成部分，作为一件下装。component是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，key是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
46．考查非谓语动词。句意：它被誉为中国古代裙子最具代表性的风格之一，通过其独特的外观和历史意义展示了丰富的文化遗产。be celebrated as意为“被誉为”，因此空格处用过去分词形式。故填celebrated。
47．考查物主代词。句意：它被誉为中国古代裙子最具代表性的风格之一，通过其独特的外观和历史意义展示了丰富的文化遗产。it和unique appearance and historical significance之间是所属关系，因此空格处用物主代词its，故填its。
48．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，抖音上的马面裙已经吸引了超过176亿的相关话题和短视频观看量。由To date可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语the horse face skirt on Douyin是单数，因此空格处用has attracted，故填has attracted。
49．考查名词的复数。句意：与此同时，在小红书上，同一词的搜索量已经超过88万条。由助动词have可知，空格处用复数名词作主语，故填searches。
50．考查介词。句意：马面裙的流行反映了人们对汉服风格设计越来越大的兴趣，以及对中国古典美学更深层次的文化复兴。此处是固定搭配as well as意为“以及”。故填as。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)重难语法03 非谓语动词
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 2
考点01 不定式 5
考点02 动名词 9
考点03 分词 10
高考练场 15
非谓语动词包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）、现在分词（doing）和过去分词（done）。它们在句子中不能单独作谓语，但可以承担其他语法功能。
动词不定式
涉及作主语（如 “It is + adj. + (for/of sb.) to do sth.” 中引导词及形式考查）、宾语（特定动词后接不定式作宾语情况）、宾补（使役、感官动词后 to 的有无）、定语（表将来动作）、状语（目的、结果等情况）的相关用法及形式考查。
动名词
涵盖作主语（主谓一致及形式）、宾语（特定动词短语后接动名词的情况及复合结构）、表语（与主语关系及语法正确性）方面的考查。
分词
现在分词：在作定语（与修饰词主动、正在进行关系）、状语（与主语主动关系及表达逻辑）、宾语补足语（强调动作正在进行）等方面有考点。
过去分词：作定语时与修饰词为被动且动作已完成等情况是考查重点。
一、不定式用法
1. 构成
一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing
完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing
1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi.
2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well.
3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.
4. It happened to be raining when I got there.
注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定
式。
注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如：
I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你，但没来成。
I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。
I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。
2．用法
To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. （主语/形式主语）
He managed to solve the complicated problem. （宾语）
I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. （形式宾语）
His wish is to become an astronaut. （表语）
On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. （定语）
She raised her voice to be heard well. （状语）
The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities.
二、动名词用法
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 writing being written
完成式 having written having been written
★ 必背动词
admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误
deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象
finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练
recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议
keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐
advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许
★ 必背句型
The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。
There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again.
The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。
Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam.
三、分词用法
现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态
一般式 writing being written
完成式 having written having been written
The child standing over there is my brother．
Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends.
His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.
Please keep us informed of the latest developments.
Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.
Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the cinema.
一、单句语法填空
1．Some people would prefer (stay) at home rather than go travelling on holidays. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．We are invited to a party (hold) on our club next Friday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3． (get) a satisfactory reply, the customer wrote to the manager complaining about the bad service of that salesman. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．Due to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have been forced (leave) their homes. （用所给词的适当形式填空）
5．I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything (buy) （用所给词的适当形式填空）
6．I like getting up early in summer because the morning air is so good (breath). （所给词的适当形式填空）
7．Doctors usually suggest (drink) little wine. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．Taking physical exercise regularly is an effective way to avoid (infect) with the flu. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9． (admit) to Fudan University in advance made him feel on top of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．He sat in the stand and imagined (fight) bravely with a fierce bull in the Colosseum.(所给词的适当形式填空)
11．With modern traffic control facilities, speeders can’t expect to escape (detect). (所给词的适当形式填空)
12．Is there any possibility of our the championship (win)
13．Rooms (vary) in size are equipped with hair-driers, television and telephone.（所给词的适当形式填空）
14．Italians throw old things out of their windows at midnight, (symbolize) the departure of the old. (所给词的适当形式填空)
15．The plot centers around two separate narratives regarding two policemen (work) within Hong Kong. (所给词的适当形式填空)
16． (suffer) from heart disease for years, Professor White has to take medicine with him wherever he goes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17．The international conference currently (hold) has caught the attention of the mass media. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18．Many Chinese brands, (develop) their reputations over centuries, are encountering new challenges from the modern market.(所给词的适当形式填空)
19．Listening to music at home is one thing, and going to hear it (perform) live is quite another. （所给词的适当形式填空）
20．The problem (discuss) at present at the meeting is of great importance. （所给词的适当形式填空）
21．Many Chinese brands, （develop） their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. （用单词适当形式填空）
22．The speech (deliver) by the president last week was inspiring.(所给词的适当形式填空)
23．Tony Leung plays the part of a (reject) lover perfectly and gives off an air of being sad without ever really being pathetic (可悲的). (所给词的适当形式填空)
24．Only in retrospect (回顾) did the value of appreciating a movie without judging, (accompany) by the joy of sharing become self-evident to me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25． (see) from the west ban of the Hungpu River, the Oriental Pearl Tower looks so tall and grand. （所给词的适当形式填空）
26．To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study (conduct) in Australia in 2021.(所给词的适当形式填空)
27．Seeing the soldiers well (prepare) for the fight, the general nodded with satisfaction. (所给词的适当形式填空)
28． (locate) in the northwest of China, Xi’an is seen as the birthplace of the country’s civilization.(所给词的适当形式填空)
29．The old couple often take a walk after supper with the pet dog (follow) them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
30．With the homework (finish), he was allowed to watch the football match. （所给词的适当形式填空）
31．He pretended (do) his homework when his mother came in. （所给词的适当形式填空）
32．Only by making great efforts (prevent) pollution can the problem be solved. (所给词的适当形式填空)
33．The scientist claimed (invent) a new kind of car already. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34．Allen is believed (design) a new computer program at present, but we don’t know when she will finish it.
35．He is thought (act) foolishly, which has caused him to lose his job. （所给词的适当形式填空）
36．The English version of the novel is due to (publish) next year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37．It is a waste of time (wait) here. He won’t come today. （所给词的适当形式填空）
38． (lie)on the beach in summer can make you relaxed. （所给词的适当形式填空）
39．They didn’t anticipate (meet) so much trouble in the process. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40．My teacher recommended (read) the book before seeing the movie. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41．Tom denied (persuade) Mary to predict that the future of AI careers was potential. (所给词的适当形式填空)
42．The match was canceled because most of the members objected to (have) a match without a standard court. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43．The children got down to (prepare) popcorn the instant they got they needed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44．Our comfort foods (vary) from person to person have shaped our lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45．The book, (contain) valuable insights into modern art, is a must-read for students in the field. (所给词的适当形式填空)
46． (not f ind) the missing boy, they had to stay there for another two weeks. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47． (wait) in line for 2 hours, the angry man yelled at the counter agent. （所给词的适当形式填空）
48．A smile shows you are attentive to the issued (discuss), while looking away with your arms folded can indicate d is interest and create distrust or friction. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49．When (equip) with new scientific farming methods, farmers can use less farmland to produce more. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50．The committee (establish) last year holds a meeting every month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
二、语篇语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the wheel of time turns, traditional practices are witnessing a comeback. Gua sha, an ancient Chinese healing technique, has been gaining 1 (popular) in recent years as a holistic approach to wellness and beauty, because it offers various benefits to modern wellness seekers.
On TikTok, a before-and-after video of gua sha has been viewed more than 11.8 million times. Meanwhile, influencers have started to share their gua sha routines on some other media apps, attracting 2 (grow) attention from global audiences. Moreover, western beauty stores and 3 (celebrity) have jumped at the fashion and started favoring gua sha or selling its tools.
Factually, gua sha has been practiced in China since the Ming Dynasty and is known to have muscle pain relieved 4 improve blood circulation. Originally, it 5 (use) on the body, like arms, legs, and back. However, nowadays, it’s commonly used to improve the 6 (face) skin health. The practice is performed using a smooth-edged tool to gently scrape (刮) areas of the body, 7 , according to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), can encourage 8 healthy flow of energy and blood.
Gua sha, a TCM practice, also 9 (serve) as a cultural practice, now has 10 (incredible) found its way to the west due to its potential health benefits. Undoubtedly, promoting TCM practices could be a much-needed opportunity for others to learn more about Chinese cultures.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, 492 caves in Mogao Grottoes have been placed 11 protection and are considered a cultural treasure for the world. While Buddhism (佛教) is the main focus of the caves’ artwork, it also shows the cultures, daily life and stories of people living in the area when the caves 12 (construct).
Works of art combining Chinese, Indian, and even European styles have been found there, along with scriptures (经文) from 13 (variety) religions, official documents and popular literature. All of these elements make the Grottoes a rich resource not just for researchers, 14 for anyone interested in history.
The artistic value of the Mogao Grottoes 15 (consist) of three elements: the architecture of the caves themselves, the sculptures and the paintings. The caves come in several designs. Most are rectangular with a small entry on the east side. The two 16 (common) types among all the caves are those with a niche(壁龛) 17 (contain) sculptures on the west wall, and caves with a central column covered in sculptures. Nearly always, the walls and ceilings are covered in paintings of important figures in Buddhism, financial 18 (contribute), Buddhist stories and scriptures, as well as 19 (decorate) art, Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, 20 shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place 21 lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi.
During the Ming Dynasty, Gu Xiancheng, a dismissed official 22 (return) to his hometown, together with Gao PanIong and his younger brother Gu Yuncheng, raised money to restore the academy. The three learned scholars called 23 (they) “Donglin People”. They were taken as examples by Chinese scholars and 24 (influence) an enormous amount of people.
In 1902, it was changed into a public school, later called Donglin Primary School. In 2002, the Wuxi government determined 25 (undertake) a comprehensive restoration of Donglin Academy. Following the restoration, main buildings now resemble their 26 (origin) appearance.
Donglin Academy of Classical Learning occupies an important position in China’s history, regardless of politics, culture 27 education. Clean-handed Donglin scholars paid much attention to rigorous (严谨的) study and righteous behaviours. They enthusiastically practiced, advocated and struggled 28 reform. All their virtues composed a part of ancient Chinese essential cultural legacy (遗产).
The Donglin spirit of “studying to save the world” and “regarding world affairs as their own responsibilities” 29 (pass) down for over 400 years. It will 30 (continuous) educate and inspire people to work for the social and civil progress.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to the word “hot”, it can describe someone’s sex appeal, the spiciness of food, and the heat of the weather. Coincidentally, Chongqing, a city that blends modern skyscrapers with centuries-old traditions, is the very city 31 has all three characteristics.
Let me start by talking about the weather. In summer, Chongqing can be 32 (extreme) hot and humid. Temperatures often rise above 37 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), 33 (make) it feel like a sauna. People try to stay cool by drinking cold drinks and enjoying the shade.
Next, Chongqing is known for its spicy food. One of the most popular 34 (dish) is hot pot. It consists 35 a boiling pot of spicy broth where people cook fresh ingredients like meat 36 vegetables. The unique flavors and heat of the spices make every meal an adventure. Eating hot pot with friends is a fun experience, and the warmth of the food 37 (match) the city’s spirit.
Last but not least, Chongqing features for its beautiful women, who often have a confident and 38 (charm) presence. The blend of beauty and personality adds to the lively atmosphere of the city. You can see many 39 (fashion) young women enjoying the streets and parks, making the city even more vibrant.
Chongqing’s hot weather, spicy food, and warm people create 40 unique and exciting environment.
Chongqing is hot.
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On February 20, leading Chinese e-commerce platform JD．com reported that sales of traditional Hanfu clothing had surged over 300 percent year on year since January. This trend was mirrored on Taobao, 41 over the Double 11 shopping festival sales topped 730,000 units. Sales and search data signal a widespread and growing 42 (fascinate) with traditional Chinese clothing styles.
The horse face skirt is a traditional Chinese skirt 43 (feature) a distinct pleated (有褶的) design. It is 44 (occasional) referred to in a more generic sense as an apron. This type of skirt is 45 key component of Hanfu, serving as a lower garment (衣服). It is 46 (celebrate) as one of the most emblematic styles of ancient Chinese skirts, showcasing a rich cultural heritage through 47 (it) unique appearance and historical significance.
Influencers and content creators play a significant role in promoting Hanfu and fostering a sense of community. To date, the horse face skirt on Douyin 48 (attract)more than 17.6 billion views across related topics and short videos. Meanwhile, on Xiaohongshu, 49 (search) for the same term have resulted in over 880,000 posts.
What the horse face skirt’s popularity reflects is the growing appetite for Hanfu-inspired designs as well 50 a deeper cultural revival for classical Chinese aesthetics.
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