消灭易错 形容词和副词
题组A 高考真题练
1.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays (close) to protect the plants.
2. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful.
3.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one.
4.（2022新课标I卷）Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____________ (astonish).
5.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
6.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
7.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
8.（2022新课标II卷）On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ____________ (sleep) while watching TV.
9.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
10.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
11.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
12.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
13.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging.
题组B 易错题强化练
1．Planning a wedding is a highly (stress) task that requires attention to countless details.
2．Working in a new (familiar) space gives your brain a burst of energy.
3．Many great people have devoted their (limit) lives to the limitless service to the people.
4．I was (surprise) to see how much the city had changed in just a few years.
5．In these (mountain) areas a great many farmers have-developed markets for their crops through the tourist industry.
6．With its fast econoimic girowth, China has been in an increasingly (influence) position in the world.
7．Equipped with diverse theories related to the job, he is bound to be (compete).
8．Advanced science has created more (demand) jobs.
9．Out of expectation, the display highlights the system and area experiencing (normal) conditions, both plant malfunction and unacceptable environment level.
10．A good (balance) diet provides the necessary nutrients for our body to function properly and helps prevent various diseases.
11．She walked out of the room, (frustrate) and on the verge of tears, after the harsh criticism from her boss.
12．John is an (adventure) man, unafraid of risks.
13．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for (advance) literature because I like English and I’m good at it.
14．I got (stick) in a difficult math problem that involved multiple complex equations, and I had to ask my teacher for help.
15．The (shock) news showed that the disease would change the habits of people.
16．We are both (passion) about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people.
17．To their great relief, the missing child returned home, (tire) and sound, after an absence of two weeks.
18．We are still relatively (optimist) that the factory can be back on its feet.
19．It is a very (reward) exercise to work this out oneself.
20．I think that’s going to be a (mass) thing, at least here in New York.
21．And you might find it (relax) to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.
22．I found myself (bore) and aching from doing the same moves over and over again.
23．Soon, I became one of the top students in my class, which made me become confident and (motivate).
24．The (frighten) facial expression suggested that he must have experienced something dangerous.
25．The organization was set up to preserve (danger) species from extinction.
26．Tom was so (absorb) in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.
27．She lost heart since she failed the exam, because her future was (puzzle) .
28．It is the most (inspire) speech that I’ve heard in a long time.
29．As far as I’m concerned, it is a (disturb) trend.For students, what benefits most to their study is reading English books.
30．Firemen managed to keep the fire under control as soon as possible. But we are still not able to get any (close) because of the possibility of an explosion.
31．After millions of times of practice, the boy is (confidence) now and is not afraid anymore.
32．As the technology has advanced, household computers have gotten much (powerful) processors with thinner and larger screens.
33．Staring senior high may not be easy for freshman because senior high classes are (challenge) than junior high ones.
34．Zhang Tian introduced more subjects to the school to make school life and livelier. (healthy)
35．But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far (large) groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
36．Their siheyuan were far (small) in scale and simpler in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
37．With the changes in the world’s climate, dinosaurs died, but many smaller animals lived on, which was the survival of the (fit).
38．Shenquan Guyu, a large-scale health and leisure village club, is one of the (large)hot spring bases in North China.
39．But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive, for he always was the truest and (rely) fellow in the world.
40．Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is (influence) in my opinion.
41．After over a decade of field research, Li (successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578.
42．The advanced technology requires not only intelligence but also creativity to be (full) utilized.
43．The relationship between these two concepts is (intricate) complex and requires in-depth study.
44．So there is a (true) long way to go before a digital Peking Opera human with real-time interaction capability is created.
45．Long ago, Siberian tigers were all over Northeast Asia. However, today they are found mainly along the Chinese-Russian border and (possible) in the north of the DPRK.
46．For visitors who prefer a more leisurely pace, they can enjoy horseback rides, take a dip in the hot springs, or (simple) sit back and admire the view while tasting locally brewed yak butter tea.
47．I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt listened patiently, but he (final) smiled and said,” You don‘t have a personal plan for growth, do you ”
48．The new theory (fundamental) changed the way scientists understand the universe.
49．Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was (probable) around 1565.
50．Although the two men have very different background and do not get along at first, they (eventual) become friends.
题组C 各地市真题模拟练
（24-25高三上·江西赣州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nature Protects China’s Great Wall
Researchers have recently found that parts of China’s Great Wall have been preserved by something called a biocrust, 1 thin layer of plant life. The most famous parts of the wall were built from stone, but in some areas it was built 2 (use) rammed earth with soil and rocks 3 (press) together. Over time, wind and rain can 4 (easy) wear down rammed earth, so scientists have often questioned 5 these old sections of the Great Wall have managed to survive for such a long time.
A group of researchers from China Agricultural University examined a 370-mile long section of the wall and found that more than two thirds of it 6 (cover) in biocrust. Some pieces of the plant-based layer were up to three times stronger than the rammed earth. This means that the biocrust 7 (strengthen) the wall and protected it from being worn down by weather over the years.
These 8 (find) could be important for people who manage ancient structures around the world. Although biocrust may not look 9 (attract), its natural ability to preserve things could be a very useful tool for experts looking for ways 10 (protect) precious ancient buildings.
（24-25高三上·辽宁大连·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tianjin's Clay Figurine Zhang, known for its lively crafted sculptures, stands as a beloved traditional folk art with a rich history. The art form has evolved and gained global 1 (recognize), showing lively imagery and a rich color that win people's hearts.
The origin of “Niren Zhang”, or Clay Figurine Zhang, 2 (date) back to 180 years ago. 3 (found) by Zhang Mingshan, this traditional folk art has developed and reached new heights, rising to fame in Chinese folk handicraft history. The artistic process of Clay Figurine Zhang involves 4 unique combination of sculpting and painting. The initial focus lies in sculpting the dynamic form of the subject. The following painting process draws inspiration from traditional Chinese brushwork, bringing the sculptures 5 life with light and color.
Clay Figurine Zhang, 6 (feature) a diverse range of themes, mirrors the everyday existence of the common people and also reimagines classic artistic works. 7 is greatly cherished by the public. The sculptures not only exhibit visual similarities, but also display the spirit of the characters, achieving a 8 (harmony) balance between form and essence. Clay Figurine Zhang belongs to the category of indoor display sculptures, characterized by a medium size, 9 (typical) around 40 centimeters in height Also known as “Jiashang Diaosu”, or shelf sculptures, these artworks find their place on desks or shelves, serving as both decorative pieces and a form of artistic expression.
In short, the legacy of Clay Figurine Zhang in Tianjin embodies a profound cultural heritage 10 it will continue to attract audiences with its dynamic sculptures and vivid colors, preserving the essence of Chinese craftsmanship and storytelling in a unique and visually amazing manner.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)消灭易错 形容词和副词
题组A 高考真题练
1.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays (close) to protect the plants.
1. closed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。
2. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful.
2. functional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。
3.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one.
3.simply
【解析】考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语修饰动词throws，应用副词形式。故填simply。
4.（2022新课标I卷）Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____________ (astonish).
4. astonished
【解析】考查形容词。此处说明“us”的状态，所以用astonished。
5.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
5.Basically
解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。
6.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
6.rarely
解析：考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
7.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
7.tasty
解析：考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。
8.（2022新课标II卷）On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ____________ (sleep) while watching TV.
8. asleep
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
9.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
9. meaningful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
10.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
10. harmful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。
11.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
11. accidentally
【解析】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
12.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
12. gently
【解析】句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
13.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging.
13. extremely
【解析】句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
题组B 易错题强化练
1．Planning a wedding is a highly (stress) task that requires attention to countless details.
【答案】stressful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：设计一场婚礼是一件压力很大的工作，它需要对每个细节的专注。此处修饰名词task，应用形容词stressful“有压力的，压力大的”，作定语。故填stressful。
2．Working in a new (familiar) space gives your brain a burst of energy.
【答案】unfamiliar
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在新的不熟悉的空间工作会给你的大脑带来一阵能量。根据句意及空前形容词new可知，空处应用所给词familiar“熟悉的”的反义词unfamiliar“不熟悉的，陌生的”，作定语修饰空后名词space。故填unfamiliar。
3．Many great people have devoted their (limit) lives to the limitless service to the people.
【答案】limited
【详解】考查形容词。句意：许多伟人把他们有限的生命奉献给无限的为人民服务之中。空处需要形容词作定语修饰后面的名词lives。limit的形容词形式为limited“有限的”。故填limited。
4．I was (surprise) to see how much the city had changed in just a few years.
【答案】surprised
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我惊讶地发现，这座城市在短短几年内发生了如此大的变化。根据空前系动词was可知，空处需填形容词，作表语，surprise为动词，此处描述主语I 当时的状态是感到吃惊的，需用形容词surprised，意为“感到吃惊的”。故填surprised。
5．In these (mountain) areas a great many farmers have-developed markets for their crops through the tourist industry.
【答案】mountainous
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在这些山区，许多农民通过旅游业为他们的农作物开发了市场。名词areas前用形容词修饰。mountain的形容词形式为mountainous，表示“多山的”之意。故填mountainous。
6．With its fast econoimic girowth, China has been in an increasingly (influence) position in the world.
【答案】influential
【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着经济的快速发展，中国在世界上的影响力越来越大。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，influence的形容词形式是influential。故填influential。
7．Equipped with diverse theories related to the job, he is bound to be (compete).
【答案】competitive
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他具备了与工作相关的多种理论，一定会有竞争力。此处作表语，表示“有竞争力的”，需要形容词competitive。故填competitive。
8．Advanced science has created more (demand) jobs.
【答案】demanding
【详解】考查形容词。句意：先进的科学创造了更多要求高的工作。空格处修饰名词jobs，作前置定语，需用demand的形容词形式demanding，意为“要求高的”。故填demanding。
9．Out of expectation, the display highlights the system and area experiencing (normal) conditions, both plant malfunction and unacceptable environment level.
【答案】abnormal
【详解】考查形容词。句意：出乎意料的是，展览突出了经历异常状况的系统和区域，包括工厂故障和不可接受的环境水平。空处作修饰conditions的定语，结合“both plant malfunction and unacceptable environment level”可知，空处应用normal的反义词abnormal，意为“异常的”。故填abnormal。
10．A good (balance) diet provides the necessary nutrients for our body to function properly and helps prevent various diseases.
【答案】balanced
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一个良好的均衡饮食为我们的身体正常运作提供必要的营养，并有助于预防各种疾病。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词diet，balance的形容词是balanced，意为“均衡的”。故填balanced。
11．She walked out of the room, (frustrate) and on the verge of tears, after the harsh criticism from her boss.
【答案】 frustrated
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在受到老板的严厉批评后，她沮丧地走出房间，并且快要哭了。空处与and后介词短语on the verge of tears并列，在句中作状语， 应用形容词frustrated“沮丧的”，描述主语的状态。故填frustrated。
12．John is an (adventure) man, unafraid of risks.
【答案】adventurous
【详解】考查形容词。句意：约翰是个富有冒险精神的人，不惧怕风险。空处修饰名词man，应用形容词adventurous“富有冒险精神的”，作定语。故填adventurous。
13．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for (advance) literature because I like English and I’m good at it.
【答案】advanced
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的导师建议我报高级文学班，因为我喜欢英语，而且我擅长英语。名词literature前用形容词修饰。advance的形容词为advanced，表示“高级的”之意。故填advanced。
14．I got (stick) in a difficult math problem that involved multiple complex equations, and I had to ask my teacher for help.
【答案】stuck
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我被一道涉及多个复杂方程式的数学题难住了，我不得不向老师求助。短语get stuck表示“被卡住或陷入困境”。故填stuck。
15．The (shock) news showed that the disease would change the habits of people.
【答案】shocking
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这则令人震惊的消息表明这种疾病将改变人们的习惯。空处修饰名词news，应使用形容词作定语，名词news指物，因此用说明事物性质或特征的-ing形容词shocking (令人震惊的)。故填shocking。
16．We are both (passion) about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people.
【答案】passionate
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们俩对表演充满热情，这源于我们都对人有极大的兴趣。空处在be动词后，作表语，应用passion的形容词形式passionate，意为“热烈的，充满热情的”，短语be passionate about意为“对……充满热情”。故填passionate。
17．To their great relief, the missing child returned home, (tire) and sound, after an absence of two weeks.
【答案】tired
【详解】考查形容词。句意：失踪了两个星期的孩子回到了家，累又毫发无损，这使他们大为宽慰。此处作状语，修饰人，表示“疲惫的”应用形容词tired。故填tired。
18．We are still relatively (optimist) that the factory can be back on its feet.
【答案】optimistic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们仍然相对乐观地认为工厂能恢复过来。根据句意和所给词optimist，结合句子结构，be动词后面应该用形容词形式optimistic作表语，意思是“乐观的”。故填optimistic。
19．It is a very (reward) exercise to work this out oneself.
【答案】rewarding
【详解】考查形容词。句意：自己解决这一问题是一种非常值得的练习。空格处修饰名词exercise，因此需使用形容词形式rewarding“值得的，有益的”，作前置定语。故填rewarding。
20．I think that’s going to be a (mass) thing, at least here in New York.
【答案】massive
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为这将是一件大事，至少在纽约是这样。空处修饰thing，用mass对应的形容词massive，意思为：非常大的，作定语。故填massive。
21．And you might find it (relax) to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.
【答案】relaxing
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你可能会发现当你静静地坐在角落里读一本好书的时候，带你的小孩参加半个小时的Story Time会很放松。由句意及空前的And you might find it可知应填形容词形式relaxing意为“令人放松的”，作宾语补足语。故填relaxing。
22．I found myself (bore) and aching from doing the same moves over and over again.
【答案】bored
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我发现自己因为一遍又一遍地做同样的动作而感到无聊和痛苦。此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，表示“无聊的”，为形容词bored，故填bored。
23．Soon, I became one of the top students in my class, which made me become confident and (motivate).
【答案】motivated
【详解】考查形容词。句意：很快，我成为了班里的尖子生之一，这让我变得自信和有动力。由and连接的confident为形容词可知，此处也应为形容词形式构成并列表语成分。故填motivated。
24．The (frighten) facial expression suggested that he must have experienced something dangerous.
【答案】frightened
【详解】考查形容词。句意：惊恐的表情表明他一定经历了什么危险的事情。空处修饰facial expression，表示“感到害怕的，惊恐的”用frightened，作定语。故填frightened。
25．The organization was set up to preserve (danger) species from extinction.
【答案】endangered
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个组织的宗旨是保护濒危物种免于灭绝。此处需要用形容词修饰后面的名词species，danger的形容词endangered表示“濒危的”符合语境。故填endangered。
26．Tom was so (absorb) in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.
【答案】absorbed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：汤姆全神贯注地工作，以致于忘了告诉她这件事。 根据空前系动词was可知，空处需用形容词作表语，absorb为动词，其形容词为absorbed，意为“全神贯注的”，构成短语be absorbed in，意为“全神贯注于”。故填absorbed。
27．She lost heart since she failed the exam, because her future was (puzzle) .
【答案】puzzling
【详解】考查形容词。句意：自从考试不及格后，她就失去了信心，因为她的前途一片渺茫。由句意及空前的her future was 可知应填形容词puzzling“令人困惑的”，作表语。故填puzzling。
28．It is the most (inspire) speech that I’ve heard in a long time.
【答案】inspiring
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是我很长时间以来听到的最鼓舞人心的演讲。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词speech，inspire的形容词inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的”符合句意。故填inspiring。
29．As far as I’m concerned, it is a (disturb) trend.For students, what benefits most to their study is reading English books.
【答案】disturbing
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在我看来，这是一个令人不安的趋势。对于学生来说，阅读英语书籍对他们的学习最有好处。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语修饰名词trend，disturb的形容词disturbing意为 “令人不安的”符合句意。故填disturbing。
30．Firemen managed to keep the fire under control as soon as possible. But we are still not able to get any (close) because of the possibility of an explosion.
【答案】closer
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：消防员设法尽量让火处于控制中，但是因为有爆炸的可能性，我们仍然不能离得更近。此处作表语，结合句意和any可知，用形容词比较级closer，表示“更近的”，故填closer。
31．After millions of times of practice, the boy is (confidence) now and is not afraid anymore.
【答案】more confident
【详解】考查形容词。句意：经过无数次的练习，这个男孩现在很自信，不再害怕。所给词confidence是名词，需变为形容词比较级more confident，作表语，表示“更加自信的”，符合句意。故填more confident。
32．As the technology has advanced, household computers have gotten much (powerful) processors with thinner and larger screens.
【答案】more powerful
【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：随着技术的进步，家用电脑拥有了更强大的处理器和更薄更大的屏幕。根据句中的thinner and larger screens和空前的much可知，这里表示随着技术进步，手机屏幕更薄、更大，与之对应的是处理器更强大。空处应用形容词的比较级，power的形容词为powerful，其比较级为more powerful。much可用来修饰比较级。故填more powerful。
33．Staring senior high may not be easy for freshman because senior high classes are (challenge) than junior high ones.
【答案】more challenging
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：对大一新生来说，开始高中生活可能并不容易，因为高中课程比初中课程更具挑战性。主语指物，空处需填形容词challenging，作表语，结合“than”可知，使用形容词比较级。故填more challenging。
34．Zhang Tian introduced more subjects to the school to make school life and livelier. (healthy)
【答案】healthier
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：张天把更多的学科引入学校，使学校生活更加健康生动。分析句子可知，连词and后是形容词比较级形式，根据并列关系，and前也应为形容词比较级，因此使用healthy的比较级形式healthier作宾补。故填healthier。
35．But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far (large) groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
【答案】larger
【详解】考查比较级。句意: 但这项研究的规模很小，需要在更大的人群中反复测试， 以确定到底运动过程中的哪些方面会产生最大的差异。空前的far可修饰比较级，所以空处需要该形容词的比较级，表示“需要在更大的人群中反复测试”。故填 larger。
36．Their siheyuan were far (small) in scale and simpler in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
【答案】smaller
【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。“ ________(small) in scale”与空后的“simpler in design and decoration”为并列结构，形式上应保持一致，故空处应用形容词的比较级。故填smaller。
37．With the changes in the world’s climate, dinosaurs died, but many smaller animals lived on, which was the survival of the (fit).
【答案】fittest
【详解】考查最高级。句意：随着世界气候的变化，恐龙灭绝了，但许多较小的动物活了下来，这就是适者生存。空前有the，空格处用形容词最高级fittest，“the survival of the fittest”意为“适者生存”。故填fittest。
38．Shenquan Guyu, a large-scale health and leisure village club, is one of the (large)hot spring bases in North China.
【答案】largest
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：神泉古域是一家大型健康休闲乡村会所，是华北地区最大的温泉基地之一。表示“神泉古域”是华北地区最大的温泉基地之一。根据空前的“one of the”和空后表示比较范围的“in North China”可知，此处要用形容词最高级largest。故填largest。
39．But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive, for he always was the truest and (rely) fellow in the world.
【答案】most reliable
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：但我知道如果吉米还活着，他会在这里和我见面，因为他一直是世界上最真实、最可靠的人。根据前文the truest and可知，此处应用其形容词的最高级most reliable和前文并列作定语，修饰名词fellow。故填most reliable。
40．Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is (influence) in my opinion.
【答案】the most influential
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在被广泛认可的中国历史人物中，我认为范仲淹是最有影响力的。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，influence的形容词形式是influential，根据句意，表达“最有影响力的”之意，应用最高级。故填the most influential。
41．After over a decade of field research, Li (successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578.
【答案】successfully
【详解】考查副词。句意：经过十多年的实地调研，李时珍在1578 年成功完成了他的杰作《本草纲目》的初稿。此处修饰动词completed(完成)，要用副词形式，successful是形容词，其副词形式为successfully，表示 “成功地”。故填successfully。
42．The advanced technology requires not only intelligence but also creativity to be (full) utilized.
【答案】fully
【详解】考查副词。句意：先进的技术不仅需要智力，还需要创造力才能被充分利用。此处是用来修饰动词utilize，需要用副词形式。“full”是形容词，意为“满的，完全的”，其副词形式“fully”表示“充分地，完全地”，故填fully。
43．The relationship between these two concepts is (intricate) complex and requires in-depth study.
【答案】intricately
【详解】考查副词。句意：这两个概念之间的关系错综复杂，需要深入研究。空格处用副词修饰形容词complex，intricate的副词是intricately，意为“杂乱地”。故填intricately。
44．So there is a (true) long way to go before a digital Peking Opera human with real-time interaction capability is created.
【答案】truly
【详解】考查副词。句意：因此，在创造出具备实时交互能力的数字京剧人物之前，确实还有很长的路要走。根据空后long可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰形容词long，形容词true的副词形式为truly ，意为 “真实地，真正地”。故填truly。
45．Long ago, Siberian tigers were all over Northeast Asia. However, today they are found mainly along the Chinese-Russian border and (possible) in the north of the DPRK.
【答案】possibly
【详解】考查副词。句意：很久以前，东北虎遍布东北亚地区。然而，如今它们主要分布在中国和俄罗斯边境沿线，或许也分布在朝鲜民主主义人民共和国北部地区。句子分析可知，这里需要一个副词来修饰后面的介词短语 “in the north of the DPRK”,“possible” 是形容词，它的副词形式是 “possibly”，句中用作状语。故填possibly。
46．For visitors who prefer a more leisurely pace, they can enjoy horseback rides, take a dip in the hot springs, or (simple) sit back and admire the view while tasting locally brewed yak butter tea.
【答案】simply
【详解】考查副词。句意：对于喜欢更悠闲节奏的游客来说，他们可以享受骑马、泡温泉，或者只是坐下来欣赏风景，同时品尝当地酿造的酥油茶。修饰动词短语 “sit back”，需要其副词simply。故填simply。
47．I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt listened patiently, but he (final) smiled and said,” You don‘t have a personal plan for growth, do you ”
【答案】finally
【详解】考查副词。句意：我一定说了十分钟。库特非常认真地听，但是他最终笑着说：“你并没有一个个人成长计划，不是吗？”设空处后是动词smiled，需要副词修饰，故填finally。
48．The new theory (fundamental) changed the way scientists understand the universe.
【答案】fundamentally
【详解】考查副词。句意：这一新理论从根本上改变了科学家理解宇宙的方式。空处修饰谓语动词changed，需用形容词fundamental的副词形式fundamentally，意为“根本上”作状语。故填fundamentally。
49．Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was (probable) around 1565.
【答案】probably
【详解】考查副词。句意：土豆传入欧洲的确切时间尚不确定，但可能是在1565年左右。提示词在句中作状语，应用副词probably，意为“可能”。故填probably。
50．Although the two men have very different background and do not get along at first, they (eventual) become friends.
【答案】eventually
【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然这两个人的背景非常不同，一开始合不来，但他们最终成为了朋友。空格处修饰动词become，用副词eventually，表示“最终地”，作状语。故填eventually。
题组C 各地市真题模拟练
（24-25高三上·江西赣州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nature Protects China’s Great Wall
Researchers have recently found that parts of China’s Great Wall have been preserved by something called a biocrust, 1 thin layer of plant life. The most famous parts of the wall were built from stone, but in some areas it was built 2 (use) rammed earth with soil and rocks 3 (press) together. Over time, wind and rain can 4 (easy) wear down rammed earth, so scientists have often questioned 5 these old sections of the Great Wall have managed to survive for such a long time.
A group of researchers from China Agricultural University examined a 370-mile long section of the wall and found that more than two thirds of it 6 (cover) in biocrust. Some pieces of the plant-based layer were up to three times stronger than the rammed earth. This means that the biocrust 7 (strengthen) the wall and protected it from being worn down by weather over the years.
These 8 (find) could be important for people who manage ancient structures around the world. Although biocrust may not look 9 (attract), its natural ability to preserve things could be a very useful tool for experts looking for ways 10 (protect) precious ancient buildings.
【答案】
1．a 2．using 3．pressed 4．easily 5．how 6．was covered 7．has strengthened 8．findings 9．attractive 10．to protect
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了大自然在保护长城方面起的作用。
1．考查冠词。句意：研究人员最近发现，中国长城的一部分被一种叫做生物外壳的东西保存了下来，这是一种薄薄的植物生命层。此处layer为泛指，且thin是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最著名的部分是用石头建造的，但在一些地方，它是用夯土将土壤和压在一起的岩石建造的。此处use在句中作方式状语，表示 “使用……的方式建造”应用现在分词形式表主动。故填using。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最著名的部分是用石头建造的，但在一些地方，它是用夯土将土壤和压在一起的岩石建造的。此处press与rocks构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填pressed。
4．考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，风雨很容易磨损夯土，所以科学家们经常质疑这些古老的长城是如何存活这么长时间的。修饰动词wear应用副词easily，故填easily。
5．考查宾语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，风雨很容易磨损夯土，所以科学家们经常质疑这些古老的长城是如何存活这么长时间的。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。
6．考查时态语态。句意：来自中国农业大学的一组研究人员检查了一段370英里长的长城，发现三分之二以上的长城被生物硬壳覆盖。主语more than two thirds of it与谓语构成被动关系，根据examined可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was covered。
7．考查时态。句意：这意味着生物外壳加固了墙，保护它免受多年来天气的磨损。根据后文可知为现在完成时，主语为the biocrust，助动词用has。故填has strengthened。
8．考查名词。句意：这些发现对世界各地管理古建筑的人来说可能很重要。作主语应用名词finding，根据上文these可知为复数。故填findings。
9．考查形容词。句意：尽管生物外壳看起来并不吸引人，但它保存东西的天然能力对于寻找保护珍贵古建筑方法的专家来说可能是一个非常有用的工具。作表语，应用形容词attractive。故填attractive。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管生物外壳看起来并不吸引人，但它保存东西的天然能力对于寻找保护珍贵古建筑方法的专家来说可能是一个非常有用的工具。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to protect。
（24-25高三上·辽宁大连·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tianjin's Clay Figurine Zhang, known for its lively crafted sculptures, stands as a beloved traditional folk art with a rich history. The art form has evolved and gained global 1 (recognize), showing lively imagery and a rich color that win people's hearts.
The origin of “Niren Zhang”, or Clay Figurine Zhang, 2 (date) back to 180 years ago. 3 (found) by Zhang Mingshan, this traditional folk art has developed and reached new heights, rising to fame in Chinese folk handicraft history. The artistic process of Clay Figurine Zhang involves 4 unique combination of sculpting and painting. The initial focus lies in sculpting the dynamic form of the subject. The following painting process draws inspiration from traditional Chinese brushwork, bringing the sculptures 5 life with light and color.
Clay Figurine Zhang, 6 (feature) a diverse range of themes, mirrors the everyday existence of the common people and also reimagines classic artistic works. 7 is greatly cherished by the public. The sculptures not only exhibit visual similarities, but also display the spirit of the characters, achieving a 8 (harmony) balance between form and essence. Clay Figurine Zhang belongs to the category of indoor display sculptures, characterized by a medium size, 9 (typical) around 40 centimeters in height Also known as “Jiashang Diaosu”, or shelf sculptures, these artworks find their place on desks or shelves, serving as both decorative pieces and a form of artistic expression.
In short, the legacy of Clay Figurine Zhang in Tianjin embodies a profound cultural heritage 10 it will continue to attract audiences with its dynamic sculptures and vivid colors, preserving the essence of Chinese craftsmanship and storytelling in a unique and visually amazing manner.
【答案】
1．recognition 2．dates 3．Founded 4．a 5．to 6．featuring 7．It 8．harmonious 9．typically 10．and
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了受人喜爱的传统民间泥塑艺术泥人张。
1．考查名词。句意：这种艺术形式已经发展并获得了全球的认可，其生动的形象和丰富的色彩赢得了人们的心。分析句子结构可知，形容词global(全球的)后接名词修饰，空处需使用名词recognition(认可)在句中作宾语。故填recognition。
2．考查动词时态。句意：泥人张的起源可以追溯到180年前。 分析句子结构可知，该句陈述目前事实，空处在句中作谓语，主语the origin(起源)为第三人称单数， date(追溯)也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：由张明山创立的这一传统民间艺术得到了发展并达到了新的高度，在中国民间手工艺史上声名鹊起。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语has developed and reached，空处在句中应使用非谓语形式，主语this traditional folk art与found(创办)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用过去分词作状语，位于句首时首字母大写。故填Founded。
4．考查冠词。句意：泥人张的艺术过程是雕塑与绘画的独特结合。分析句子结构可知，此处泛指“一种艺术过程”，且unique(独一无二的)为辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
5．考查介词。句意：之后的绘画过程从中国传统的笔法中汲取灵感，用光和色彩赋予雕塑以生命。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语bring...to life，意为“赋予某物生命或活力”，to是介词。故填to。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：泥人张的主题多样，既反映了普通人的日常生活，又对经典艺术作品进行了重新想象。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语mirrors(反映)，空处应使用其非谓语形式，主语Clay Figurine Zhang与feature(以……为特色)之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此可使用现在分词作状语。故填featuring。
7．考查代词。句意：它深受公众的喜爱。分析句子结构可知，该句缺少主语，可使用不定代词it在句中作主语，指代前文中Clay Figurine Zhang，位于句首时首字母大写。故填It。
8．考查形容词。句意：这些雕塑不仅表现出视觉上的相似性，还表现出人物的精神，达到了形式与本质的和谐平衡。分析句子结构可知，空处需使用形容词harmonious(和谐的)在句中作定语修饰名词balance(平衡)。故填harmonious。
9．考查副词。句意：泥人张属于室内陈列雕塑的范畴，其特点是中等大小，通常在40厘米左右的高度。也被称为“家上雕饰”，或架子雕塑，这些艺术品找到他们的位置在桌子或架子上，作为装饰件和艺术表现形式。分析句子结构可知，空处应使用副词typically(典型地)在句中作状语。故填typically。
10．考查连词。句意：简而言之，天津泥人张的遗产体现了深厚的文化遗产，它将继续以其动态的雕塑和生动的色彩吸引观众，以独特和视觉上惊人的方式保留了中国工艺的精髓和故事。分析句子结构可知，空处前后两个句子结构完整，且为并列关系，因此可使用连词and表示并列关系。故填and。
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