专题03 形容词和副词
目录
01考情透视·目标导航 2
02知识导图·思维引航 3
03考点突破·考向探究 5
考点一 考查形容词的词形转换 5
【真题研析】 5
【核心精讲】 5
【命题预测】 9
考点二 考查副词的词形转换 9
【真题研析】 9
【核心精讲】 10
【命题预测】 12
考点三 考查形容词、副词比较级或最高级 12
【真题研析】 12
【核心精讲】 13
【命题预测】 14
考点四 考查形容词、副词的比较级相关的句型 14
【真题研析】 14
【核心精讲】 15
【命题预测】 17
考点五 考查形容词、副词的句法功能 17
【真题研析】 17
【核心精讲】 17
【命题预测】 18
考点六 考查形容词、副词词义（在语境中运用） 18
【真题研析】 18
【核心精讲】 18
【命题预测】 19
04 重难点突破 形容词和副词基本知识的综合运用 20
形容词和副词
考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析
考查形容词的词形转换 熟练掌握①转化为形容词的基本规律；②熟记比较特殊的形容词词形转换 （2024·新高考I卷）57.function→functional； 59.close→closed （2023·新高考I卷）56.taste→tasty （2022·新高考II卷）confidence→confident （2023年1月浙江卷）61.space→spacious 从近三年高考试题来看，试题以语法填空和完形填空的形式命题，题目中等偏易，以考查学生对有关形容词和副词的词形转换、比较级和最高级、常用句型、词义辨析和句法功能以及根据语境选词的完形填空为主，强化语言运用能力和语境理解，题型主要是选择题和填空题，集中体现在具体语篇中，考查考生语言运用的准确性和得体性。 预计在2025年高考中，以语法填空和完形填空的形式命题。形容词和副词是必考点。
考查副词的词形转换 熟练掌握①转化为副词的基本规律；②熟记比较特殊的副词词形转换 （2023·新高考I卷）rare→rarely （2023·新高考II卷）basic→basically （2023年1月浙江卷）original→originally
考查形容词、副词比较级或最高级 掌握形容词、副词比较级或最高级的基本含义及其用法 （2024·全国甲卷）49.largest （2023年1月浙江卷）simpler （2022·全国甲卷）highest （2022·全国高考乙卷）largest
根据语境选择形容词和副词 考查根据语境选择恰当的形容词和副词，核心是语言的准确性和得体性 形容词、副词在完形填空中的运用： （2024·新高考I卷）42.regularly； 53.appealing等
考查形容词、副词的比较级相关的句型 熟练掌握常考的几个比较句型 (2020年浙江卷1月)becomes older than... （2019新课标I卷）are higher than...
考查形容词、副词的句法功能 根据句子成分和句意，断定词的正确形式 （2023年全国甲卷）difference--different (2022年1月浙江卷)rough--roughly
考点一 考查形容词的词形转换
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful.
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants.
3.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favourite Chinese street food.
4.(2023年1月浙江高考卷) The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ________ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers.
space难度不大，但考查其形容词形式，却难倒了很多学生。原因在于本词的形容词出现的较少，被学生忽视。所以二轮复习一定要注意比较特殊词的词形变化。确保不漏易混易错考点。
5.(2022年新高考II卷) Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals
Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and (confidence) speaking English.
形容词转换的考点是语法填空的高频考点，二轮复习时要注意总结规律和记忆特殊变化相结合。
形容词的词形转换
形容词的构词规律
类别 例词
词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy
词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited
词尾加 ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening
词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless
词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable
词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous
词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different
词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional
词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely
词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen
其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific 以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等)
动词词尾加 ive/ ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective
1.如何区分-ed形容词与-ing形容词
解决此类问题有两个切入点：第一，看语境表示的是“令人……”(-ing)，还是“感到……”(-ed)；第二，看语境说明的是性质特征(-ing)，还是感受(-ed)。具体如下：
(1)-ing型形容词主要用于修饰物或事，表示事物的性质特征，常译为“令人……的”。
(2)-ed型形容词通常用于说明人的感受，常译为“感到……的”，强调人自身的情感波动；修饰事物时，则多修饰smile(微笑), feeling(感觉), appearance(外貌), cry(哭), face(面部表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪), look(表情)等表示人的情绪状况的名词。
2.词形转换的易混易错提醒：
形容词后缀-able
(1)能……的；可……的
rely→reliable 可信赖的，可依靠的
特别提醒：词尾的e去还是不去，一定记清楚，考试出错就在一瞬间
change→changeable 易变的
admire→admirable 可钦佩的
believe→believable 可相信的
(2)具有……的特点
enjoy→enjoyable 令人愉快的
特别提醒：词尾的e去还是不去，一定记清楚，考试出错就在一瞬间
value→valuable 有价值的
knowledge→knowledgeable 有丰富知识的，博学的
形容词后缀-ful/-less
harm→harmful 有害的→harmless 无害的
help→helpful 有帮助的→helpless 无助的；无能的
hope→hopeful 有希望的→hopeless 绝望的
use→useful 有用的→useless 无用的；无效的
power→powerful 强有力的→powerless 无力的
meaning→meaningful 有意义的→meaningless 无意义的
形容词后缀-ive/-ative
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
create→creative 创造性的
progress→progressive 进步的
talk→talkative 健谈的（别忘了字母a）
effect→effective 有效的
形容词后缀-ous（ous还是ious一定要记清楚）
continue→continuous 不断的；持续的
caution→cautious 小心的；谨慎的
curiosity→curious 好奇的
mountain→mountainous 多山的
ambition→ambitious 有野心的
space→spacious 宽敞的；广阔的
形容词后缀-ble/-ible
horror→horrible 可怕的；恐怖的
terror→terrible 可怕的；糟糕的
vision→visible 看得见的
access→accessible 容易达到的；容易取得的
形容词后缀-y
fog→foggy 多雾的
taste→tasty 美味的；可口的
luck→lucky 幸运的
sun→sunny 阳光明媚的
wealth→wealthy 富裕的；丰富的
形容词后缀-al/-ial
culture→cultural 文化的
practice→practical 实际的
person→personal 个人的；私人的
center→central 中央的；中心的
nature→natural 自然的；天生的
benefit→beneficial 有益的
face→facial 面部的（看起来很简单但很容易错）
形容词后缀-ic
science→scientific 科学的
economy→economic 经济的
history→historic 历史上著名的
history→historical 具有重大历史意义的
energy→energetic 精力充沛的
class→classic 经典的
形容词后缀-en
wood→wooden 木制的
gold→golden 金色的
wool→wool(l)en 羊毛的
形容词后缀-ly【易错提醒】（不要和副词混淆）
dead→deadly 致命的
live→lively 活跃的
friend→friendly 友好的
year→yearly 每年的
month→monthly 每月的
week→weekly 每周的
day→daily 每日的；日常的
cost→costly 昂贵的
order→orderly 有次序的
1.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三一模）Some great African civilizations such as the Great Benin Empire, Ancient Egypt, had a highly (organize) society, which was developed, stood out in trade and grew stronger in culture.
2.（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学月考）They underwent three weeks of training, but the first two weeks were really (challenge).
3.（2025·东北三省三校联考）Through these celebrations, we can gain a deeper understanding of each other’s traditions and form mutual respect, which can in turn make for (harmony) relationships and a truly global community.
4.（2025·安徽省皖豫名校联盟高三联考）Besides live performances, Hu also showed how suona fitted in with various musical pieces in an impressive way, offering the local audience a ________ (value) opportunity to experience the Chinese musical instrument.
考点二 考查副词的词形转换
1.(2023 新高考Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
2. (2023 新高考Ⅱ卷) So, what are they learning (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
3. (2023 1月新高考浙江卷) The term “hutong”, ________ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
副词的词形转换规律总结
类别 例词
形容词＋后缀-ly clear→clearly, great→greatly, loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely
以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-ly happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, noisy→noisily*shy→shyly(y的发音为/a /，直接加 ly)
词尾为 ble/ le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (例外：whole→wholly)
词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例)
词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y full→fully, dull→dully
词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, automatic→automatically
词形转换易错特别提醒
1．形容词变副词去e还是不去e
(1)大部分以字母e结尾的形容词不去e，形容词变副词直接加-ly
immediate→immediately 立刻地
fortunate→fortunately 幸运地
absolute→absolutely 绝对地；完全地
polite→politely 有礼貌地；客气地
expensive→expensively 昂贵地
(2)-le结尾的形容词变为-ly【易错提醒】
simple→simply 简单地；仅仅
gentle→gently 轻轻地；温柔地
terrible→terribly 非常；可怕地；极度地
possible→possibly 可能地；也许
probable→probably 大概；或许
comfortable→comfortably 舒服地；安乐地
(3)以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词去e加-ly【易错提醒】
true→truly 真实地
(4)特殊情况【易错提醒】
whole→wholly 完全地；全部
shy→shyly 害羞地
dry→dryly 干燥地
full→fully 充分地
dull→dully 单调地
2．以字母ic结尾的形容词加-ally变为副词
specific→specifically 特别地；明确地
basic→basically 主要地，基本上
scientific→scientifically 系统地；合乎科学地
academic→academically 学术上；学业上
historic→historically 关于历史事件，从历史观点上说
classic→classically 古典主义地
enthusiastic→enthusiastically 热情地
1.（2025·湖北省重点高中智学联盟高三上学期8月联考）This famous attraction Yuzui, together with two other important parts, namely, Feishayan and Baopingkou, was (scientific) designed to control the water flow throughout the year.
2.（2025·广东省茂名市区域高三联考） The Zhuang people, the largest ethnic minority in China, (primary) live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
3.（2025·广东省部分学校高三联考）This new species is currently listed as (critical) endangered by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
考点三 考查形容词、副词比较级或最高级
1．（2024·全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the 49 （large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
2.(2023·1月新高考浙江卷) Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ________ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
3.(2022·全国甲卷) In the last five years， Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ______ (high) mountain.
4.(2022·全国高考乙卷)“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ______ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
5.（2023 江苏省连云港市调研）______ (early), seal carving was accomplished only by workers. During the Song Dynasty, scholars and artists began to get involved in it. They combined seal carving with calligraphy and painting, making this traditional art more popular in China.
6. Tu Youyou encouraged scientists to (far) explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.
形容词、副词的比较等级
形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成(＋ er/ est)转换
以 e结尾 ＋ r/ st late—later—latest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾 变－y为i，＋ er/ est early—earlier—earliest
以重读闭音节结尾(末尾只有一个辅音字母) 双写结尾字母＋ er/est big—bigger—biggest
多音节和部分双音节结尾 前面加more/most beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful
(1)有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加 er和 est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词有：common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, friendly等。
(2)有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的), first (第一的), wooden (木制的), final (最后的), east (东方的), last (最后的), favourite (最喜欢的)等。
(3)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good, well better best
bad, badly, ill worse worst
many, much more most
little less least
far farther(指时间或空间上“更远的”) farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远的”)
further(指空间距离“更远的”；在更大程度上) furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程度上)
old older/elder oldest/eldest
1.（2025·广东省清远市高三一模）Civilizations have become (rich) and more colorful with exchanges and mutual learning.
2.（2025·沧州市普通高中高三复习质量监测）China is the world’s ________ (large) producer of flowers and an important trader and consumer of them.
3.（2025·广东省深圳市罗湖区高三上学期第一次摸底）The birth of Sora videos might make the situation
(bad).
4．（2025·重庆市西南大学附属中学校期中）The proud ballet dancer believed she performed (graceful) than any other competitor in the Moscow International Ballet Competition.
5．（2025·福建省厦门市第一中学开学考试）We discussed the problem but we didn’t get much (far) in actually solving it.
6．The world needs a mixture of personalities. Success is not just about who can shout the (loud). The world needs quieter people, too.
考点四 考查形容词、副词的比较级相关的句型
1.(2020年浙江卷1月) The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes _________(old)than before.
2.(2020年北京卷)They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were_______（smart）than the Neanderthals.
3.（2019新课标I卷）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are ________ (high) than they actually are.
4. The young lady was (well) known as an excellent dancer in China than as an actress.
5. The (careful) you listen to the tape, the (easy) you will find it to understand.
6.You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit (slow)
7.---The weather is really changeable.----I can’t agree (much).
常考的副词比较级句型
1．比较级的修饰语常见的有rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit等。
2．比较级＋than...“比……更”；less...than“不如……”。
3．the＋比较级，the＋比较级“越……，越……”。
4．the＋比较级＋of (the)＋名词/代词“(两者中)较……的”。
常考的最高级句型
1．三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。
2．最高级的修饰语常见的有序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like等。
3．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义。
4．the last表示“最不可能的”“最不适合的”“最不希望的”等。
判断比较句型的方法：
①看到与than连用，要想到用比较级；看到比较级，要想到than。
②看到语境中暗含的比较含义，要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。
形容词、副词的比较级句型：
(1)同级比较
①as＋adj./adv. (原形)＋as... “和……一样”；not as/so＋adj./adv. (原形)＋as... “和……不一样”
②当as... as结构中有名词时，可用以下结构：
as＋形容词原级＋a(n)＋n. ＋as...
as＋many＋可数名词复数＋as...
as＋much＋不可数名词＋as...
(2)比较级
“形容词/副词比较级＋than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”。“less＋形容词/副词原级＋than”结构，表示“一方不及另一方……”。
the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词/代词“两者中较……的”。
Who is the younger of the two boys
这两个男孩中较小的是哪一个？
介词in和of引导的短语说明比较的范围。如果在一定的地域空间内进行比较用in；如果在同一类事物范围内进行比较用of。
修饰比较等级的副词：much, even, still, far, yet, a little, a lot, a bit, rather, any等。more, very等副词不可修饰比较级。
(3)最高级
①表示三者或三者以上的比较，常见的结构：“the＋最高级＋表示比较范围的短语或从句”，表示“……是……中最……的”。
②最高级的其他表达法
否定词＋比较级
比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than anything/anyone else
有些词本身就有最高级含义，不能再用最高级形式，常见的：favourite，wonderful，exhausted等；有些词本身有比较级含义，故不与than连用，如be senior to等。
(4)含有比较等级的特殊句型
①the＋adj. /adv. 比较级， the＋adj. /adv. 比较级 “越……，越……”
②adj. /adv. 比较级＋and＋adj. /adv. 比较级“越来越……”
③the＋adj. 比较级＋of the two＋名词“某人或某物是两者中较……的那个”
④no more than“仅仅”， not more than“至多；不超过”
⑤more... than... “与其说……不如说……”
⑥no＋比较级＋than “和……一样不……”
⑦not＋比较级＋than “不比……更……”
⑧倍数句型
A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size, length, height等)＋of＋B
1.（2025·广西名校联盟高三适应性检测）Drones are much ______ (fast), taking 5 minutes compared to a worker’s 50-minute hike from the depot to the watchtower.
2.（2025·河南省部分学校高三大联考）No drink reflects the story of modern China (well) than Moutai, from winning awards to easing international relations, from antique auctions to contemporary cocktails.
考点五 考查形容词、副词的句法功能
1.（2023年全国甲卷） ___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
2.(2022年1月浙江卷) On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
形容词、副词的句法功能
形容词作状语：形容词作状语能形象地描述主语所处的状态，在读后续写的文章中常用形容词作状语。
例如：
她满脸通红气喘吁吁从大门口跑了进来。
Afraid of being caught, the thief hid himself in the corner.
由于担心被人捉住，小偷躲在角落里。
Helpless，we watched our home destroyed before our eyes.
我们束手无策，只能眼睁睁地看着自己的家园被毁掉。
副词作状语：主要修饰谓语动词，让动作行为栩栩如生。
Delightedly hearing that you are planning a club activity themed "Green Beijing", I am writing to make my suggestions for the event.很高兴听到你正在计划一个以“Green北京”为主题的俱乐部活动，我写信是为了对这次活动提出建议。
另外，形容词、副词可以作定语修饰名词，它们可以作表语和宾语补足语。
单句填空
1.（2023年北京卷语法填空） I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I would thrown a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up (exact) on time.
2.（2023年全国乙卷改编）However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she (final) got purple hair.
3.Mr.Zhang said the door opened.__________(Frighten), he rushed away.
4.Honest and __________(confidence), the boy never tells lies and he is always sure of his success.
5.Having been praised by the teacher，the little girl ran back home，happy and__________(satisfaction) .
考点六 考查形容词、副词词义（在语境中运用）
1．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空）I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend won a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running
42 , but then two things happened.
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
2．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空）The problem: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such challenges. That day, I got passed by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
形容词、副词词义辨析
1．对于形容词和副词辨析类问题，考生一定要弄懂各个选项的词义和词性差别，并结合语境选择符合句意的单词。对于考查形容词在句中功能的问题，要通过分析句子结构来解决。
I come to you, hat in hand, to apologize for the damage I had indirectly caused.
我恭敬地为我间接造成的损害向您道歉。
She has already tried her best. Please don't be too particular about her job.
她已经尽力了，请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。
2．除了副词词义辨析外，yet(但是)，besides(此外，而且)，still(仍然)，though(虽然)，however(然而)，meanwhile(与此同时)，therefore/thus(因此，所以)，moreover/furthermore/additionally(此外)，anyway/anyhow(尽管，即使这样)也是高频考点。解答此类题目首先要把握副词词义，然后采用句子翻译法，分析前后两句的逻辑关系，从而得出正确答案。
In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner.
在业余时间，他登上舞台在钢琴家玛丽亚的旁边，不是作为一位音乐家而是一位翻页师。
Mike was usually so careful, yet this time he made a small mistake.
Mike通常很仔细，但这次他犯了个小错误。
The hotel is almost finished, but it still needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.
酒店已基本完成，但仍需要一两周时间为客人的到来做准备。
3.易用错的几类副词
(1)意义有别的同根副词。如：free(免费地)/freely(自由地), hard(努力地)/hardly(几乎不), late(晚，迟)/lately(最近), most(很，最)/mostly(主要地), fair(公平地)/fairly(相当地), near(临近)/nearly(几乎)等。
(2)有些副词有两种形式：以-ly结尾时表示抽象意义；与形容词同形的表示具体意义。如：close接近/closely密切地； wide宽地/widely广泛地； high高地/highly高度地； deep深地/deeply深深地。
1．（2025·甘青宁三省多校高三九月联考）As she worked, she caught the eye of a(n) 43 admirer — a months-old baby named Romey, staring at her from across the aisle (通道). Moved by the baby’s attention and noticing her outfit, Rubin decided to make a little gift for her new fan.
43．A．unlikely B．considerate C．ambitious D．famous
2．（2025·云南省保山市摸底）When reading the law school acceptance emails, Staton and his friends were in shock and excitement. 53 , Staton chose to attend Harvard Law School — and he’ll never forget all the supportive people who helped him get there.
53．A．Gradually B．Incredibly C．Eventually D．Literally
【答案】
04重难点突破 形容词和副词基本知识的综合运用
形容词和副词重难点突破：
高考评价体系要求：考生能在具体的语境中，准确判断和使用基本的语法规则。提高形容词和副词运用能力的基本策略：
策略一：掌握词性转换的基本知识和词性变化规则，尤其是常见的后缀变化
策略二：分析句子结构，确定句子成分
1．表示事物的性质或状态，作表语、定语——用形容词。
2．修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语——用副词。
策略三：提示词是形容词或副词，根据语境和句意，该词词性不变时，则可能填该词的比较级或最高级。
1．等级判定看标志
(1)题目中有much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, than等标志性词汇时，用比较级。
(2)空后有表示范围的标志词in, of, among等时，用最高级。
(3)空前有one of the, the＋序数词等修饰词时，用最高级。
2．利用固定句型
(1)“the＋比较级， the＋比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。
(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”，表示“越来越……”。
(3)“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
3．利用隐含信息判断
句中虽没有than等标志词，但暗含比较级或最高级，也需要用比较级或最高级。
语法填空
（2025·河南省信阳市高三第一次教学质量检测（一模））阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（标黄题号为本专题考点）
Black Myth: Wukong has impressed games worldwide 1 its breathtaking visuals and compelling narrative. 2 (draw) inspiration from the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game, 3 tells the tale of a young monkey, immerses players in a rich cultural experience, meant to uncover the truth about the legendary Sun Wukong. This ambitious title is an evidence to China’s expanding gaming industry, showcasing its potential to create 4 (globe) competitive games.
The game’s success is 5 (remark), topping sales charts and gathering millions of views across platforms. Players from different cultures are interested, despite the story’s deep roots in Chinese myths. Up till now, some 6 (inspire) to read the original novel 7 (understand) the game’s narrative better.
However, the game’s cultural depth poses 8 challenge for non-Chinese-speaking players, as the plot is complexly woven with the classic tale. Some players find 9 hard to follow the story, but that doesn’t stop them from enjoying the game.
The game’s impact is evident as it bridges the gap between Chinese culture and the international community, inspiring 10 (curious) and fostering a dialogue about Chinese mythology and literature.
完形填空（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三摸底）
Rueben, a 15-year-old lion, originally lived in a private zoo in Armenia. But when the zoo closed five years ago, all the other animals were 1 . Sadly, no home was found for Rueben. He spent the last five years living 2 in a concrete cell that didn’t even have enough room for him to exercise.
Rueben’s journey to South Africa and his new life in the ADI Wildlife Sanctuary wasn’t 3 sailing. The ADI couldn’t find a 4 for him to make the 5, 200-mile trip from Armenia that had an airplane with large enough cargo doors for his box.
But Rueben still has to make a personal 5 . All those years of living in a cell left him 6 and unable to walk. When Rueben arrived in South Africa, he was 7 by Dr Peter Caldwell, who prepared a special course of treatment to help the lion regain 8 and mobility.
Rueben’s habitat was specifically 9 with guard rails and ramps (护栏和坡道) to help Reuben regain his 10 which could be a very long process.
“If he 11 , he just picks himself up and keeps going. 12 , in just a few days his movement is already improving.” Now, Rueben’s 13 has been astonishing. His movement has improved and he 14 comes for treats. He enjoys spending as much time as possible outdoors. Reuben is 15 so well that he is even getting his roar back as he regains confidence under the African sky. He will never be lonely again.255
1．A．attended B．relocated C．quoted D．anticipated
2．A．without hesitation B．in vain C．out of breath D．on his own
3．A．clear B．typical C．secure D．temporary
4．A．flight B．cage C．shelter D．position
5．A．honor B．journey C．gesture D．presentation
6．A．upset B．unique C．weak D．shameful
7．A．stretched B．respected C．examined D．guaranteed
8．A．confidence B．direction C．fund D．strength
9．A．designed B．interpreted C．commented D．recorded
10．A．memory B．flexibility C．mobility D．disability
11．A．crashes B．falls C．volunteers D．succeeds
12．A．Suddenly B．Generally C．Obviously D．Incredibly
13．A．progress B．mark C．appearance D．experience
14．A．secretly B．shyly C．eagerly D．slightly
15．A．devoting B．adjusting C．educating D．approaching
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题03 形容词和副词
目录
01考情透视·目标导航 2
02知识导图·思维引航 3
03考点突破·考向探究 5
考点一 考查形容词的词形转换 5
【真题研析】 5
【核心精讲】 6
【命题预测】 9
考点二 考查副词的词形转换 10
【真题研析】 10
【核心精讲】 11
【命题预测】 13
考点三 考查形容词、副词比较级或最高级 13
【真题研析】 13
【核心精讲】 15
【命题预测】 16
考点四 考查形容词、副词的比较级相关的句型 17
【真题研析】 17
【核心精讲】 19
【命题预测】 20
考点五 考查形容词、副词的句法功能 21
【真题研析】 21
【核心精讲】 21
【命题预测】 22
考点六 考查形容词、副词词义（在语境中运用） 22
【真题研析】 22
【核心精讲】 23
【命题预测】 24
04 重难点突破 形容词和副词基本知识的综合运用 25
形容词和副词
考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析
考查形容词的词形转换 熟练掌握①转化为形容词的基本规律；②熟记比较特殊的形容词词形转换 （2024·新高考I卷）57.function→functional； 59.close→closed （2023·新高考I卷）56.taste→tasty （2022·新高考II卷）confidence→confident （2023年1月浙江卷）61.space→spacious 从近三年高考试题来看，试题以语法填空和完形填空的形式命题，题目中等偏易，以考查学生对有关形容词和副词的词形转换、比较级和最高级、常用句型、词义辨析和句法功能以及根据语境选词的完形填空为主，强化语言运用能力和语境理解，题型主要是选择题和填空题，集中体现在具体语篇中，考查考生语言运用的准确性和得体性。 预计在2025年高考中，以语法填空和完形填空的形式命题。形容词和副词是必考点。
考查副词的词形转换 熟练掌握①转化为副词的基本规律；②熟记比较特殊的副词词形转换 （2023·新高考I卷）rare→rarely （2023·新高考II卷）basic→basically （2023年1月浙江卷）original→originally
考查形容词、副词比较级或最高级 掌握形容词、副词比较级或最高级的基本含义及其用法 （2024·全国甲卷）49.largest （2023年1月浙江卷）simpler （2022·全国甲卷）highest （2022·全国高考乙卷）largest
根据语境选择形容词和副词 考查根据语境选择恰当的形容词和副词，核心是语言的准确性和得体性 形容词、副词在完形填空中的运用： （2024·新高考I卷）42.regularly； 53.appealing等
考查形容词、副词的比较级相关的句型 熟练掌握常考的几个比较句型 (2020年浙江卷1月)becomes older than... （2019新课标I卷）are higher than...
考查形容词、副词的句法功能 根据句子成分和句意，断定词的正确形式 （2023年全国甲卷）difference--different (2022年1月浙江卷)rough--roughly
考点一 考查形容词的词形转换
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful.
【答案】functional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants.
【答案】closed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。
3.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favourite Chinese street food.
【答案】tasty
【解析】考查形容词。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉,无疑是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词修饰后面的名词 soup作定语,故空处需用tasty “美味的”。
4.(2023年1月浙江高考卷) The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ________ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers.
【答案】spacious
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
space难度不大，但考查其形容词形式，却难倒了很多学生。原因在于本词的形容词出现的较少，被学生忽视。所以二轮复习一定要注意比较特殊词的词形变化。确保不漏易混易错考点。
5.(2022年新高考II卷) Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals
Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and (confidence) speaking English.
【答案】confident
【解析】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
形容词转换的考点是语法填空的高频考点，二轮复习时要注意总结规律和记忆特殊变化相结合。
形容词的词形转换
形容词的构词规律
类别 例词
词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy
词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited
词尾加 ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening
词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless
词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable
词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous
词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different
词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional
词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely
词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen
其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific 以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等)
动词词尾加 ive/ ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective
1.如何区分-ed形容词与-ing形容词
解决此类问题有两个切入点：第一，看语境表示的是“令人……”(-ing)，还是“感到……”(-ed)；第二，看语境说明的是性质特征(-ing)，还是感受(-ed)。具体如下：
(1)-ing型形容词主要用于修饰物或事，表示事物的性质特征，常译为“令人……的”。
(2)-ed型形容词通常用于说明人的感受，常译为“感到……的”，强调人自身的情感波动；修饰事物时，则多修饰smile(微笑), feeling(感觉), appearance(外貌), cry(哭), face(面部表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪), look(表情)等表示人的情绪状况的名词。
2.词形转换的易混易错提醒：
形容词后缀-able
(1)能……的；可……的
rely→reliable 可信赖的，可依靠的
特别提醒：词尾的e去还是不去，一定记清楚，考试出错就在一瞬间
change→changeable 易变的
admire→admirable 可钦佩的
believe→believable 可相信的
(2)具有……的特点
enjoy→enjoyable 令人愉快的
特别提醒：词尾的e去还是不去，一定记清楚，考试出错就在一瞬间
value→valuable 有价值的
knowledge→knowledgeable 有丰富知识的，博学的
形容词后缀-ful/-less
harm→harmful 有害的→harmless 无害的
help→helpful 有帮助的→helpless 无助的；无能的
hope→hopeful 有希望的→hopeless 绝望的
use→useful 有用的→useless 无用的；无效的
power→powerful 强有力的→powerless 无力的
meaning→meaningful 有意义的→meaningless 无意义的
形容词后缀-ive/-ative
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
create→creative 创造性的
progress→progressive 进步的
talk→talkative 健谈的（别忘了字母a）
effect→effective 有效的
形容词后缀-ous（ous还是ious一定要记清楚）
continue→continuous 不断的；持续的
caution→cautious 小心的；谨慎的
curiosity→curious 好奇的
mountain→mountainous 多山的
ambition→ambitious 有野心的
space→spacious 宽敞的；广阔的
形容词后缀-ble/-ible
horror→horrible 可怕的；恐怖的
terror→terrible 可怕的；糟糕的
vision→visible 看得见的
access→accessible 容易达到的；容易取得的
形容词后缀-y
fog→foggy 多雾的
taste→tasty 美味的；可口的
luck→lucky 幸运的
sun→sunny 阳光明媚的
wealth→wealthy 富裕的；丰富的
形容词后缀-al/-ial
culture→cultural 文化的
practice→practical 实际的
person→personal 个人的；私人的
center→central 中央的；中心的
nature→natural 自然的；天生的
benefit→beneficial 有益的
face→facial 面部的（看起来很简单但很容易错）
形容词后缀-ic
science→scientific 科学的
economy→economic 经济的
history→historic 历史上著名的
history→historical 具有重大历史意义的
energy→energetic 精力充沛的
class→classic 经典的
形容词后缀-en
wood→wooden 木制的
gold→golden 金色的
wool→wool(l)en 羊毛的
形容词后缀-ly【易错提醒】（不要和副词混淆）
dead→deadly 致命的
live→lively 活跃的
friend→friendly 友好的
year→yearly 每年的
month→monthly 每月的
week→weekly 每周的
day→daily 每日的；日常的
cost→costly 昂贵的
order→orderly 有次序的
1.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三一模）Some great African civilizations such as the Great Benin Empire, Ancient Egypt, had a highly (organize) society, which was developed, stood out in trade and grew stronger in culture.
【答案】organized
【金线】考查形容词。句意：一些伟大的非洲文明，如大贝宁帝国、古埃及，拥有高度组织化的社会，这些社会得到了发展，在贸易上非常突出，并且在文化上越来越强盛。空处修饰名词society，需用形容词organized作定语，表示“有组织的”。故填organized。
2.（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学月考）They underwent three weeks of training, but the first two weeks were really (challenge).
【答案】challenging
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们接受了三周的训练，但前两周真的很有挑战性。分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词形式的担当表语，意为“有挑战性的”。故填challenging。
3.（2025·东北三省三校联考）Through these celebrations, we can gain a deeper understanding of each other’s traditions and form mutual respect, which can in turn make for (harmony) relationships and a truly global community.
【答案】harmonious
【解析】考查形容词。句意：通过这些庆祝活动，我们可以更深入地了解彼此的传统，形成相互尊重，从而建立和谐的关系和真正的全球社区。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词relationships，harmony的形容词是harmonious，意为“和谐的”。故填harmonious。
4.（2025·安徽省皖豫名校联盟高三联考）Besides live performances, Hu also showed how suona fitted in with various musical pieces in an impressive way, offering the local audience a ________ (value) opportunity to experience the Chinese musical instrument.
【答案】valuable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：除了现场表演，胡还以一种令人印象深刻的方式展示了唢呐如何与各种乐曲相配，为当地观众提供了一个宝贵的机会来体验中国传统乐器。空处用形容词valuable“宝贵的”，作定语，修饰名词opportunity。故填valuable。
考点二 考查副词的词形转换
1.(2023 新高考Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
【答案】rarely
【解析】考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。副词rarely修饰后面的形容词 enough“足够的”, rarely enough “几乎不够”。
2. (2023 新高考Ⅱ卷) So, what are they learning (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
【答案】Basically
【解析】考查副词。句意:基本上是关于如何描述熊猫的生活。本空置于句首,用逗号和句子隔开,在句中作状语,应用副词形式。
3. (2023 1月新高考浙江卷) The term “hutong”, ________ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
【答案】originally
【解析】考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
副词的词形转换规律总结
类别 例词
形容词＋后缀-ly clear→clearly, great→greatly, loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely
以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-ly happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, noisy→noisily*shy→shyly(y的发音为/a /，直接加 ly)
词尾为 ble/ le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (例外：whole→wholly)
词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例)
词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y full→fully, dull→dully
词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, automatic→automatically
词形转换易错特别提醒
1．形容词变副词去e还是不去e
(1)大部分以字母e结尾的形容词不去e，形容词变副词直接加-ly
immediate→immediately 立刻地
fortunate→fortunately 幸运地
absolute→absolutely 绝对地；完全地
polite→politely 有礼貌地；客气地
expensive→expensively 昂贵地
(2)-le结尾的形容词变为-ly【易错提醒】
simple→simply 简单地；仅仅
gentle→gently 轻轻地；温柔地
terrible→terribly 非常；可怕地；极度地
possible→possibly 可能地；也许
probable→probably 大概；或许
comfortable→comfortably 舒服地；安乐地
(3)以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词去e加-ly【易错提醒】
true→truly 真实地
(4)特殊情况【易错提醒】
whole→wholly 完全地；全部
shy→shyly 害羞地
dry→dryly 干燥地
full→fully 充分地
dull→dully 单调地
2．以字母ic结尾的形容词加-ally变为副词
specific→specifically 特别地；明确地
basic→basically 主要地，基本上
scientific→scientifically 系统地；合乎科学地
academic→academically 学术上；学业上
historic→historically 关于历史事件，从历史观点上说
classic→classically 古典主义地
enthusiastic→enthusiastically 热情地
1.（2025·湖北省重点高中智学联盟高三上学期8月联考）This famous attraction Yuzui, together with two other important parts, namely, Feishayan and Baopingkou, was (scientific) designed to control the water flow throughout the year.
【答案】scientifically
【解析】考查副词。句意：这个著名的景点，鱼嘴，连同另外两个重要的部分，即飞沙堰和宝瓶口，被科学地设计来控制全年的水流。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词scientifically作状语修饰动词was designed。故填scientifically。
2.（2025·广东省茂名市区域高三联考） The Zhuang people, the largest ethnic minority in China, (primary) live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
【答案】primarily
【解析】考查副词。句意：壮族是中国最大的少数民族，主要居住在广西壮族自治区。根据空后动词live可知，空处需用副词primarily“主要地”修饰动词作状语。故填primarily。
3.（2025·广东省部分学校高三联考）This new species is currently listed as (critical) endangered by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
【答案】critically
【解析】考查副词。句意：这种新物种目前被世界自然保护联盟列为极度濒危物种。根据下文endangered可知，此处要用提示词的副词critically修饰形容词endangered。故填critically。
考点三 考查形容词、副词比较级或最高级
1．（2024·全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the 49 （large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】largest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。
2.(2023·1月新高考浙江卷) Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ________ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
【答案】simpler
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。
3.(2022·全国甲卷) In the last five years， Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ______ (high) mountain.
【答案】 highest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，用形容词最高级。故填highest。
4.(2022·全国高考乙卷)“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ______ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
【答案】 largest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
5.（2023 江苏省连云港市调研）______ (early), seal carving was accomplished only by workers. During the Song Dynasty, scholars and artists began to get involved in it. They combined seal carving with calligraphy and painting, making this traditional art more popular in China.
【答案】Earlier
【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：此前，印章雕刻只能由工人完成。根据句意可知，表示早期地，用副词比较级作状语，故填Earlier。
6. Tu Youyou encouraged scientists to (far) explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.
【答案】further
【解析】考查副词。句意：屠呦呦鼓励科学家们进一步探索中医药的宝库，把它提高到一个更高的水平。修饰后文动词explore，表示“进一步”应用far的副词比较级形式further。故填further。
形容词、副词的比较等级
形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成(＋ er/ est)转换
以 e结尾 ＋ r/ st late—later—latest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾 变－y为i，＋ er/ est early—earlier—earliest
以重读闭音节结尾(末尾只有一个辅音字母) 双写结尾字母＋ er/est big—bigger—biggest
多音节和部分双音节结尾 前面加more/most beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful
(1)有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加 er和 est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词有：common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, friendly等。
(2)有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的), first (第一的), wooden (木制的), final (最后的), east (东方的), last (最后的), favourite (最喜欢的)等。
(3)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good, well better best
bad, badly, ill worse worst
many, much more most
little less least
far farther(指时间或空间上“更远的”) farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远的”)
further(指空间距离“更远的”；在更大程度上) furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程度上)
old older/elder oldest/eldest
1.（2025·广东省清远市高三一模）Civilizations have become (rich) and more colorful with exchanges and mutual learning.
【答案】richer
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：通过交流互鉴，文明变得更加丰富多彩。由and并列的另一表语more colorful可知，这里应用形容词比较级。故填richer。
2.（2025·沧州市普通高中高三复习质量监测）China is the world’s ________ (large) producer of flowers and an important trader and consumer of them.
【答案】 largest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是世界上最大的花卉生产国，也是重要的花卉贸易方和消费方。由空前名词所有格the world’s辖定的范围推知，此处符合形容词最高级。故填largest。
3.（2025·广东省深圳市罗湖区高三上学期第一次摸底）The birth of Sora videos might make the situation
(bad).
【答案】worse
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：Sora视频的诞生可能会使情况变得更糟。结合句意，此处表示“更糟”，应用形容词比较级worse。故填worse。
4．（2025·重庆市西南大学附属中学校期中）The proud ballet dancer believed she performed (graceful) than any other competitor in the Moscow International Ballet Competition.
【答案】more gracefully
【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：这位骄傲的芭蕾舞演员认为，在莫斯科国际芭蕾舞比赛中，她的表演比其他任何选手都优雅。由空后than可知，此处应为副词比较级形式作状语修饰动词performed。故填more gracefully。
5．（2025·福建省厦门市第一中学开学考试）We discussed the problem but we didn’t get much (far) in actually solving it.
【答案】further
【解析】考查副词的比较级。句意：我们讨论了这个问题，但在实际解决问题方面没有取得多大进展。根据空前的much以及句意可知，空处需要副词的比较级，表示“没有取得更进一步的进展”。far的比较级further“更进一步”。故填further。
6．The world needs a mixture of personalities. Success is not just about who can shout the (loud). The world needs quieter people, too.
【答案】loudest
【解析】考查副词最高级。句意：这个世界需要个性的混合。成功不仅仅是谁能喊得最响亮。世界也需要更安静的人。loud大声地，响亮地，副词，根据句意和the可知，此处应用副词最高级loudest。故填loudest。
考点四 考查形容词、副词的比较级相关的句型
1.(2020年浙江卷1月) The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes _________(old)than before.
【答案】older
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。
2.(2020年北京卷)They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were_______（smart）than the Neanderthals.
【答案】smarter
【解析】考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为smarter。
3.（2019新课标I卷）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are ________ (high) than they actually are.
【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：科学家们回应说，饥饿的熊可能聚集在人类定居区周围，这导致了一种错觉，认为它们的数量比实际数量要高。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。
4. The young lady was (well) known as an excellent dancer in China than as an actress.
【答案】better
【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：比起演员的身份，在中国这位女士作为优秀的舞者更为人所熟知。根据句意以及“than ”可知，这位女士更出名的是其舞者的身份而非演员，故应使用比较级。故填better。
5. The (careful) you listen to the tape, the (easy) you will find it to understand.
【答案】 more carefully easier
【解析】考查固定句式。句意：你听磁带越仔细，你就越容易理解它。固定句型：The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语，表示“越……，越……” 。故答案是①more carefully ②easier。
6.You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit (slow)
【答案】slower
【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：你开得太快了。你能开慢一点吗？空处修饰动词drive应填副词作状语，a bit修饰副词比较级。故填slower。
7.---The weather is really changeable.----I can’t agree (much).
【答案】more
【解析】考查固定表达。句意：——天气真的太多变了。——我非常同意。结合句意可知，此处用常用表达can't agree more“非常同意”。can't/couldn't和比较级连用，含最高级之意。故填more。
常考的副词比较级句型
1．比较级的修饰语常见的有rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit等。
2．比较级＋than...“比……更”；less...than“不如……”。
3．the＋比较级，the＋比较级“越……，越……”。
4．the＋比较级＋of (the)＋名词/代词“(两者中)较……的”。
常考的最高级句型
1．三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。
2．最高级的修饰语常见的有序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like等。
3．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义。
4．the last表示“最不可能的”“最不适合的”“最不希望的”等。
判断比较句型的方法：
①看到与than连用，要想到用比较级；看到比较级，要想到than。
②看到语境中暗含的比较含义，要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。
形容词、副词的比较级句型：
(1)同级比较
①as＋adj./adv. (原形)＋as... “和……一样”；not as/so＋adj./adv. (原形)＋as... “和……不一样”
②当as... as结构中有名词时，可用以下结构：
as＋形容词原级＋a(n)＋n. ＋as...
as＋many＋可数名词复数＋as...
as＋much＋不可数名词＋as...
(2)比较级
“形容词/副词比较级＋than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”。“less＋形容词/副词原级＋than”结构，表示“一方不及另一方……”。
the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词/代词“两者中较……的”。
Who is the younger of the two boys
这两个男孩中较小的是哪一个？
介词in和of引导的短语说明比较的范围。如果在一定的地域空间内进行比较用in；如果在同一类事物范围内进行比较用of。
修饰比较等级的副词：much, even, still, far, yet, a little, a lot, a bit, rather, any等。more, very等副词不可修饰比较级。
(3)最高级
①表示三者或三者以上的比较，常见的结构：“the＋最高级＋表示比较范围的短语或从句”，表示“……是……中最……的”。
②最高级的其他表达法
否定词＋比较级
比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than anything/anyone else
有些词本身就有最高级含义，不能再用最高级形式，常见的：favourite，wonderful，exhausted等；有些词本身有比较级含义，故不与than连用，如be senior to等。
(4)含有比较等级的特殊句型
①the＋adj. /adv. 比较级， the＋adj. /adv. 比较级 “越……，越……”
②adj. /adv. 比较级＋and＋adj. /adv. 比较级“越来越……”
③the＋adj. 比较级＋of the two＋名词“某人或某物是两者中较……的那个”
④no more than“仅仅”， not more than“至多；不超过”
⑤more... than... “与其说……不如说……”
⑥no＋比较级＋than “和……一样不……”
⑦not＋比较级＋than “不比……更……”
⑧倍数句型
A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size, length, height等)＋of＋B
1.（2025·广西名校联盟高三适应性检测）Drones are much ______ (fast), taking 5 minutes compared to a worker’s 50-minute hike from the depot to the watchtower.
【答案】faster
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：无人机的速度要快得多，只需5分钟，而工人从仓库到瞭望塔需要步行50分钟。空处需填形容词作表语，much修饰形容词比较级。故填faster。
2.（2025·河南省部分学校高三大联考）No drink reflects the story of modern China (well) than Moutai, from winning awards to easing international relations, from antique auctions to contemporary cocktails.
【答案】better
【解析】考查副词的比较级。句意：从获奖到缓和国际关系，从古董拍卖到当代鸡尾酒，没有什么酒能比茅台更能反映现代中国的故事了。根据空后than可知，空处需填副词well的比较级better，作状语修饰动词reflect。故填better。
考点五 考查形容词、副词的句法功能
1.（2023年全国甲卷） ___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
【答案】Different
【解析】考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
2.(2022年1月浙江卷) On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
【答案】roughly
【解析】考查副词。句意：例如，在一个名为“无飞行气候科学”的网站上，大约200名学者——其中许多是气候科学家——自两年前开始这项努力以来已经承诺将尽可能少地飞行。分析句子结构可知空处应填副词形式修饰数词，表示数量的精确程度，相当于about，此时的roughly意为“粗略地；大约”，似的还有exactly、nearly、approximately，etc.，故填roughly。
形容词、副词的句法功能
形容词作状语：形容词作状语能形象地描述主语所处的状态，在读后续写的文章中常用形容词作状语。
例如：
她满脸通红气喘吁吁从大门口跑了进来。
Afraid of being caught, the thief hid himself in the corner.
由于担心被人捉住，小偷躲在角落里。
Helpless，we watched our home destroyed before our eyes.
我们束手无策，只能眼睁睁地看着自己的家园被毁掉。
副词作状语：主要修饰谓语动词，让动作行为栩栩如生。
Delightedly hearing that you are planning a club activity themed "Green Beijing", I am writing to make my suggestions for the event.很高兴听到你正在计划一个以“Green北京”为主题的俱乐部活动，我写信是为了对这次活动提出建议。
另外，形容词、副词可以作定语修饰名词，它们可以作表语和宾语补足语。
单句填空
1.（2023年北京卷语法填空） I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I would thrown a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up (exact) on time.
【答案】exactly
【解析】考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。修饰介词短语on time应用副词exactly，故填exactly。
2.（2023年全国乙卷改编）However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she (final) got purple hair.
【答案】 finally
【解析】考查副词。句意：然而，她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发，而是紫色的头发。此处修饰动词got，应用副词，作状语。故填finally。
3.Mr.Zhang said the door opened.__________(Frighten), he rushed away.
【答案】 Frightened
【解析】考查形容词作状语。句意：张先生说门开了。他因恐惧匆忙跑开了。
4.Honest and __________(confidence), the boy never tells lies and he is always sure of his success.
【答案】confident
【解析】考查形容词作状语。句意：作为一个诚实自信的人，这男孩从不撒谎，他一直坚信他会成功。
5.Having been praised by the teacher，the little girl ran back home，happy and__________(satisfaction) .
【答案】satisfied
【解析】考查形容词作状语。句意：被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩非常高兴，满足地跑回了家。
考点六 考查形容词、副词词义（在语境中运用）
1．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空）I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend won a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running
42 , but then two things happened.
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A。
2．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空）The problem: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such challenges. That day, I got passed by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got 12 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D。
形容词、副词词义辨析
1．对于形容词和副词辨析类问题，考生一定要弄懂各个选项的词义和词性差别，并结合语境选择符合句意的单词。对于考查形容词在句中功能的问题，要通过分析句子结构来解决。
I come to you, hat in hand, to apologize for the damage I had indirectly caused.
我恭敬地为我间接造成的损害向您道歉。
She has already tried her best. Please don't be too particular about her job.
她已经尽力了，请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。
2．除了副词词义辨析外，yet(但是)，besides(此外，而且)，still(仍然)，though(虽然)，however(然而)，meanwhile(与此同时)，therefore/thus(因此，所以)，moreover/furthermore/additionally(此外)，anyway/anyhow(尽管，即使这样)也是高频考点。解答此类题目首先要把握副词词义，然后采用句子翻译法，分析前后两句的逻辑关系，从而得出正确答案。
In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner.
在业余时间，他登上舞台在钢琴家玛丽亚的旁边，不是作为一位音乐家而是一位翻页师。
Mike was usually so careful, yet this time he made a small mistake.
Mike通常很仔细，但这次他犯了个小错误。
The hotel is almost finished, but it still needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.
酒店已基本完成，但仍需要一两周时间为客人的到来做准备。
3.易用错的几类副词
(1)意义有别的同根副词。如：free(免费地)/freely(自由地), hard(努力地)/hardly(几乎不), late(晚，迟)/lately(最近), most(很，最)/mostly(主要地), fair(公平地)/fairly(相当地), near(临近)/nearly(几乎)等。
(2)有些副词有两种形式：以-ly结尾时表示抽象意义；与形容词同形的表示具体意义。如：close接近/closely密切地； wide宽地/widely广泛地； high高地/highly高度地； deep深地/deeply深深地。
1．（2025·甘青宁三省多校高三九月联考）As she worked, she caught the eye of a(n) 43 admirer — a months-old baby named Romey, staring at her from across the aisle (通道). Moved by the baby’s attention and noticing her outfit, Rubin decided to make a little gift for her new fan.
43．A．unlikely B．considerate C．ambitious D．famous
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她工作时，她吸引了一个不太可能的仰慕者的目光——一个名叫Romey的、只有几个月大的婴儿，正从过道对面盯着她看。A. unlikely不太可能的；B. considerate体贴的；C. ambitious有野心的；D. famous著名的。根据后文“a months-old baby named Romey”可知，几个月大的婴儿应是不太可能的仰慕者。故选A。
2．（2025·云南省保山市摸底）When reading the law school acceptance emails, Staton and his friends were in shock and excitement. 53 , Staton chose to attend Harvard Law School — and he’ll never forget all the supportive people who helped him get there.
53．A．Gradually B．Incredibly C．Eventually D．Literally
【答案】
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，斯塔顿选择进入哈佛法学院——他永远不会忘记所有支持他的人。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Incredibly难以置信地；C. Eventually最后；D. Literally字面地。根据后文“Staton chose to attend Harvard Law School”指他最终选择进入哈佛法学院。故选C。
04重难点突破 形容词和副词基本知识的综合运用
形容词和副词重难点突破：
高考评价体系要求：考生能在具体的语境中，准确判断和使用基本的语法规则。提高形容词和副词运用能力的基本策略：
策略一：掌握词性转换的基本知识和词性变化规则，尤其是常见的后缀变化
策略二：分析句子结构，确定句子成分
1．表示事物的性质或状态，作表语、定语——用形容词。
2．修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语——用副词。
策略三：提示词是形容词或副词，根据语境和句意，该词词性不变时，则可能填该词的比较级或最高级。
1．等级判定看标志
(1)题目中有much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, than等标志性词汇时，用比较级。
(2)空后有表示范围的标志词in, of, among等时，用最高级。
(3)空前有one of the, the＋序数词等修饰词时，用最高级。
2．利用固定句型
(1)“the＋比较级， the＋比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。
(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”，表示“越来越……”。
(3)“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
3．利用隐含信息判断
句中虽没有than等标志词，但暗含比较级或最高级，也需要用比较级或最高级。
语法填空
（2025·河南省信阳市高三第一次教学质量检测（一模））阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（标黄题号为本专题考点）
Black Myth: Wukong has impressed games worldwide 1 its breathtaking visuals and compelling narrative. 2 (draw) inspiration from the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game, 3 tells the tale of a young monkey, immerses players in a rich cultural experience, meant to uncover the truth about the legendary Sun Wukong. This ambitious title is an evidence to China’s expanding gaming industry, showcasing its potential to create 4 (globe) competitive games.
The game’s success is 5 (remark), topping sales charts and gathering millions of views across platforms. Players from different cultures are interested, despite the story’s deep roots in Chinese myths. Up till now, some 6 (inspire) to read the original novel 7 (understand) the game’s narrative better.
However, the game’s cultural depth poses 8 challenge for non-Chinese-speaking players, as the plot is complexly woven with the classic tale. Some players find 9 hard to follow the story, but that doesn’t stop them from enjoying the game.
The game’s impact is evident as it bridges the gap between Chinese culture and the international community, inspiring 10 (curious) and fostering a dialogue about Chinese mythology and literature.
【答案】
1．with 2．Drawing 3．which 4．globally 5．remarkable 6．have been inspired 7．to understand 8．a 9．it 10．curiosity
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《黑神话：悟空》这个游戏横空出世，大获成功。
1．考查介词。句意：《黑神话：悟空》以其令人惊叹的视觉效果和引人入胜的叙事给全世界的游戏留下了深刻的印象。impress sb. with sth.意为“以……给某人留下深刻印象”，为固定搭配。故填with。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：该游戏以中国经典小说《西游记》为灵感，讲述了一只小猴子的故事，让玩家沉浸在丰富的文化体验中，旨在揭开传说中的孙悟空的真相。空处位于句首，应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语the game和draw之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作状语。故填Drawing。
3．考查定语从句。句意参考上题。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为the game，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。
4．考查副词。句意：这个雄心勃勃的头衔证明了中国游戏产业的不断发展，展示了其创造具有全球竞争力的游戏的潜力。空处应用副词，修饰形容词competitive。globally意为“全球地，全世界地”。故填globally。
5．考查形容词。句意：该游戏的成功令人瞩目，在销售排行榜上名列前茅，并在各个平台上获得了数百万的浏览量。空处应用形容词作表语。remarkable意为“非凡的，显著的”。故填remarkable。
6．考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，一些人已经受到鼓舞去阅读原著，以便更好地理解游戏的叙事。根据时间状语“Up till now”可知，这里表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，并且还有可能继续下去，应用现在完成时。主语some(指人)和inspire之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been inspired。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。这里表示一些人阅读原著的目的是更好地理解游戏中的叙事，这里是目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to understand。
8．考查冠词。句意：然而，游戏的文化深度对非华语玩家来说是一个挑战，因为故事情节与经典故事交织在一起。这里泛指一个挑战，且challenge的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。
9．考查代词。句意：些玩家发现很难理解这个故事，但这并不能阻止他们享受游戏。find it+adj.+to do...为固定句型，意为“发现做某事……”，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故填it。
10．考查名词。句意：该游戏的影响是显而易见的，因为它弥合了中国文化与国际社会之间的差距，激发了人们的好奇心，并促进了关于中国神话和文学的对话。空处作inspiring的宾语，应用名词。curiosity意为“好奇心”，为不可数名词。故填curiosity。
完形填空（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三摸底）
Rueben, a 15-year-old lion, originally lived in a private zoo in Armenia. But when the zoo closed five years ago, all the other animals were 1 . Sadly, no home was found for Rueben. He spent the last five years living 2 in a concrete cell that didn’t even have enough room for him to exercise.
Rueben’s journey to South Africa and his new life in the ADI Wildlife Sanctuary wasn’t 3 sailing. The ADI couldn’t find a 4 for him to make the 5, 200-mile trip from Armenia that had an airplane with large enough cargo doors for his box.
But Rueben still has to make a personal 5 . All those years of living in a cell left him 6 and unable to walk. When Rueben arrived in South Africa, he was 7 by Dr Peter Caldwell, who prepared a special course of treatment to help the lion regain 8 and mobility.
Rueben’s habitat was specifically 9 with guard rails and ramps (护栏和坡道) to help Reuben regain his 10 which could be a very long process.
“If he 11 , he just picks himself up and keeps going. 12 , in just a few days his movement is already improving.” Now, Rueben’s 13 has been astonishing. His movement has improved and he 14 comes for treats. He enjoys spending as much time as possible outdoors. Reuben is 15 so well that he is even getting his roar back as he regains confidence under the African sky. He will never be lonely again.255
1．A．attended B．relocated C．quoted D．anticipated
2．A．without hesitation B．in vain C．out of breath D．on his own
3．A．clear B．typical C．secure D．temporary
4．A．flight B．cage C．shelter D．position
5．A．honor B．journey C．gesture D．presentation
6．A．upset B．unique C．weak D．shameful
7．A．stretched B．respected C．examined D．guaranteed
8．A．confidence B．direction C．fund D．strength
9．A．designed B．interpreted C．commented D．recorded
10．A．memory B．flexibility C．mobility D．disability
11．A．crashes B．falls C．volunteers D．succeeds
12．A．Suddenly B．Generally C．Obviously D．Incredibly
13．A．progress B．mark C．appearance D．experience
14．A．secretly B．shyly C．eagerly D．slightly
15．A．devoting B．adjusting C．educating D．approaching
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一只狮子鲁本的经历，鲁本最初生活在动物园，后来被送到南非保护区，在保护区鲁本一开始很虚弱，但是在工作人员的精心照料下，它逐渐恢复了健康。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当动物园五年前关闭时，所有其他动物都被重新安置了。A. attended出席；参加；B. relocated重新安置；C. quoted引用；D. anticipated预料；期待。根据空前“But when the zoo closed five years ago, all the other animals were”以及空后“Sadly, no home was found for Rueben.”可知动物园关闭以后除了鲁本同伴们都有了去处，由此可知同伴们得到了重新安置。故选B项。
2．考查介词短语辨析。句意：在过去的五年里，他独自一人住在一间混凝土小房子里，甚至没有足够的空间让它运动。A. without hesitation毫不犹豫；B. in vain白白地；徒劳地；C. out of breath气喘吁吁；D. on his own独自一人。根据空前“Sadly, no home was found for Rueben.”以及空后“in a concrete cell that didn’t even have enough room for him to exercise.”可知动物园关闭之后因为无处可去，鲁本被独自关在了一个没有足够活动空间的水泥小房子里。故选D项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲁本的南非之旅和它在阿迪野生动物保护区的新生活并不是一帆风顺的。A. clear明白的；清楚的；B. typical典型的；有代表性的；C. secure安全的；D. temporary暂时的。根据后文“The ADI couldn’t find a ______ for him to make the 5, 200-mile trip from Armenia that had an airplane with large enough cargo doors for his box.”可知鲁本的南非之旅和它在阿迪野生动物保护区的新生活并不顺利。clear sailing意为“一帆风顺”，固定搭配。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国航空协会找不到一架货舱门足够大，可以装下它的箱子的飞机让它从亚美尼亚出发，进行5200英里的旅行。A. flight航班；飞行；B. cage笼子；C. shelter避难所；住所；D. position位置；职位。根据空前“The ADI couldn’t find a”以及空后“for him to make the 5, 200-mile trip from Armenia that had an airplane with large enough cargo doors for his box.”可知此处指的是没有一架合适的航班可以将鲁本从亚美尼亚送到非洲。故选A项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但鲁本还是要亲自去一趟。A. honor荣誉；B. journey旅程；行程；C. gesture姿势；手势；D. presentation颁发；授予。根据后文“When Rueben arrived in South Africa”可知此处指的是鲁本的南非之旅。故选B项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些年住在小房间里使它身体虚弱，无法行走。A. upset不高兴的；B. unique独特的；C. weak虚弱的；D. shameful可耻的。根据前文“He spent the last five years living ______ in a concrete cell that didn’t even have enough room for him to exercise.”以及空后“and unable to walk.”可知因为长期住在狭小的房间里鲁本得不到锻炼，所以身体非常虚弱。 故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲁本抵达南非后，彼得·考德威尔医生对它进行了检查，并为它准备了一套特殊的治疗方案，帮助它恢复力量和活动能力。A. stretched拉伸；延伸；B. respected尊重；C. examined检查；调查；D. guaranteed保证；保障。根据空后“by Dr Peter Caldwell, who prepared a special course of treatment to help the lion regain ______ and mobility.”可知彼得 考德威尔医生对鲁本进行了检查。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲁本抵达南非后，彼得·考德威尔医生对它进行了检查，并为它准备了一套特殊的治疗方案，帮助它恢复力量和活动能力。A. confidence信心；B. direction方向；动向；C. fund资金；D. strength力量；力气。根据上文“All those years of living in a cell left him ______ and unable to walk.”可知长期的牢房生活让鲁本的身体很虚弱，所以医生制定了具体方案帮它恢复体力。故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲁本的栖息地特别设计了护栏和斜坡，以帮助鲁本恢复行动能力，这可能是一个非常漫长的过程。A. designed设计；计划；B. interpreted打断；C. commented评论；D. recorded记录。根据空后“with guard rails and ramps (护栏和坡道) to help Reuben regain his ______ which could be a very long process.”可知此处指的是鲁本的栖息地的设计是根据它的身体状况需要进行设计的。故选A项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲁本的栖息地特别设计了护栏和斜坡，以帮助鲁本恢复行动能力，这可能是一个非常漫长的过程。A. memory记忆；回忆；B. flexibility灵活性；弹性；C. mobility活动性；D. disability残疾。根据上文“who prepared a special course of treatment to help the lion regain ______ and mobility.”可知鲁本栖息地的精心设计是为了恢复它的力量和活动性。故选C项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他摔倒了，他会爬起来继续前进。A. crashes崩溃；B. falls下降；倒塌；C. volunteers自愿做；义务做；D. succeeds成功；继任。根据空后“he just picks himself up and keeps going.”可知此处指的是摔倒之后。故选B项。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信地是，在短短几天内，它的运动已经有所改善。A. Suddenly突然；B. Generally大概；通常；C. Obviously明显地；显而易见地；D. Incredibly非常地；难以置信地。根据空后“in just a few days his movement is already improving.”可知短短几天内鲁本就从原来的基本不能行走到运动能力有所改善，所以其进步是难以置信的。 故选D项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，鲁本的进步是惊人的。A. progress进步；进展；B. mark痕迹；记号；迹象；C. appearance外貌；露面；D. experience经历；经验。根据上文“______ , in just a few days his movement is already improving.”以及后文 的“His movement has improved and he ______ comes for treats.”可知鲁本的进步是惊人的。故选A项。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它的动作有了进步，它很渴望得到治疗。A. secretly秘密地；B. shyly害羞地；C. eagerly急切地；渴望地；D. slightly稍微；轻微地。根据空后“comes for treats. He enjoys spending as much time as possible outdoors.” 可知鲁本对于治疗是渴望的。故选C项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲁本适应得很好，它甚至可以重新咆哮，因为它在非洲的天空下重获信心。A. devoting致力于；投身于；B. adjusting调整；适应；C. educating教育；培养；D. approaching接近。根据空后“so well that he is even getting his roar back as he regains confidence under the African sky.”可知此处指的是鲁本已经适应了非洲大草原上的生活。故选B项。
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