专题03 形容词和副词
目录 01 模拟基础练（单句语法填空） 【题型一】形容词考点综合练（最新模拟） 【题型二】副词考点综合练（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（完形填空和语法填空） 03 真题实战练
题型一 形容词考点综合练
1.（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学高三上学期月考）“When I began practicing martial arts, my initial idea was to win in the fight Now I feel (calm)and more peaceful. I can channel my anger, and develop a spirit of sharing. Martial arts have become the backbone of my life,” he said proudly.
2.（2025·云南省保山市高三上学期摸底）Now, it is much (easy) for passengers to purchase tickets. An online and mobile application ticket system was launched in March last year, which enables Internet-based ticket sales and supports payment methods such as WeChat, Alipay, UnionPay and VISA．
3.（2025·江苏省南京市六校联合体期中）Despite Li Bai and Du Fu featured in a lot of movies and TV shows in past decades, the movie employs a(an) (conventional) perspective to attract viewers’ attention from the start.
4.（2025·河北省卓恒教育高三联考）China is a country with a rich cultural heritage dating back thousands of years. The customs and traditions of China are a 37 (necessity) part for its people, shaping their beliefs, values and interactions.
5.（2025·广西南宁外国语学校高三质量检测）In 1966, when French composer Laurent Petitgirard received a copy of the novel for his 16th birthday from his elder brother, he was (interest) .
6.（2025·福建省福州外国语学校高三期中）Bigger isn’t always better. Just look at smartphones and personal computers. It is the continual shrinkage (缩小) of components that has caused the explosion of computing power and enabled these gadgets to be (access) to people.
7.（2025·江苏省南通市如皋市高三教学质量检测）“Marco Polo lived in China for 17 years and in his travelogue provided (detail) descriptions of the country, which allowed Westerners to learn about the allure of this Eastern nation for the first time,” Cammarota says.
8.（2025·山西省高三学情调研测试）Black Myth: Wukong, whose (amaze) visuals and recreation of ancient Chinese architecture have quickly turned some of the country’s provinces and cities into popular travel destinations, has gained in popularity worldwide.
9.（2025·云南省玉溪第一中学高三期中）With Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院) about to complete its reconstruction and reopen to the public in December after a (mass) fire in 2019, an AR (增强现实) exhibition, witnessing the revival of the precious cultural legacy will kick off at the National Museum of China on Thursday.
10.（2025·江西省南昌市进贤县第一中学高三月考）A unique food trend has recently gained popularity among young people in China. Known as “leftover food blind boxes”, these innovative meal options provide a convenient and (afford) way to enjoy delicious food while also reducing food waste.
11.（2025·湖南省邵阳市武冈市高三期中）“It’s like adding bells and whistles to tea and giving people a (strong) sense of occasion, so drinking tea is more fun,” Han says.
12. （2025·安徽省五校高三期中联考）“Many people think traditional Chinese culture is (mystery) and quiet, but I want to show them that it has infinite possibilities and power,” she explained.
13.（2025·黑龙江省哈尔滨市师范大学附属中学高三期中）“To boost the pace of going global, Chinese sporting goods companies are undergoing transformation for higher (technology) approaches,” says Bao Mingxiao, director of the China Sports Policy Research Institute at Beijing Sport University.
14.（2025·安徽省江淮十校高三第二次联考）Since the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, carpenters have produced many sunmao structures and a whole set of (system) methods has been invented.
15.（2025·福建省福州高级中学高三期中）An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently (unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are currently on display.
题型二 副词考点综合练
1.（2025·福建省福州第一中学高三质检） , test results in April still showed high levels of bacteria in the collected samples from the river.
2.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The country is experiencing a period of consistent development and releases more movies than the United States. , there is a challenge posed by shifting audience preferences, which (increasing) favor Western movies over Indian movies. This way, even the positive environment conditioned by the large market readily available is incapable of overcoming the new situation.
3.（2025·辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟高三月考）__________, many netizens on Sina Weibo don’t think Eleme is providing a wonderful service, complaining it just wants to make money.
4.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The country is experiencing a period of consistent development and releases more movies than the United States. , there is a challenge posed by shifting audience preferences, which increasingly favor Western movies over Indian movies.
5.（2025·河北省卓恒教育高三联考）Confucian values such as respect for elders, filial piety (孝道), and harmony are (deep) rooted in Chinese society.
6.（2025·广西南宁外国语学校高三质量检测）He read the story over and over again and began to think about turning it into music. (actual) , that didn’t happen until 2019 when Petitgirard met Wang Yabin in Paris.
7.（2025·福建省福州外国语学校高三期中）Small as the subjects are, the benefits of the scientists’ research are set to be huge. More (important), their inventions may even eventually be turned into products that benefit mankind.
8. （2025·江苏省南通市如皋市高三教学质量检测）The moment she set foot in China on Aug 29, she was
(warm) greeted by people who presented her with a wreath, symbolizing friendships, and put on traditional performances to celebrate her arrival at the country’s farthest west land port in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
9.（2025·山西省高三学情调研测试）North China’s Shanxi Province contributed 27 game scenes out of the game’s total of 36, and most of the scenes are (close) related to Buddhist (佛教) culture and Taoism (道教).
10.（2025·江苏省南通市启东市启东中学高三期中）“We’re picturing it as a series of overlapping networks connecting Asia, Africa and Europe. Although Northwest Europe is overlooked in Silk Road discussions, our exhibition concludes with the artifacts found in Scotland that can be (basic) traced back to present-day Iran,” she said.
11.（2025·湖南省邵阳市武冈市高三期中）Chinese tea culture started to enjoy popularity during the Tang Dynasty and flourished quickly throughout the Song Dynasty, when tea had become a necessity for almost everyone, just like rice, oil and salt. “ (total) different from the method of making tea during the Tang period, in the Song Dynasty, the popular way of having tea was through dian cha.
12.（2025·广东省广州外国语、广大附中、铁一中学等三校高三期中）A NASA satellite known as Aqua just celebrated its 21st birthday in May, making it one of the longest still-running space probes. It has collected a lot of data on the color of our oceans, which is (actual) an essential climate variable (变量) and can reflect changes in ocean ecosystems.
13.（2025·福建省福州市第三中学高三期中）Restaurants began calling their food “Hunan” and “Sichuan”, and though it (true) bore much resemblance to what was eaten in those regions, it was more diverse and boldly spiced than the sweet, fried stuff that defined the earliest Chinese menus.
14.（2025·安徽省五校高三期中联考）Peng said, “I want Westerners to accept more diverse traditional Chinese instruments and to (well) understand Chinese culture.”
15.（2025·黑龙江省哈尔滨市师范大学附属中学高三期中）Besides, China’s exports of roller skates and skateboards also surge 30.8% and 50.2% (respective).
题型一 语法填空
Passage 1（形容词考点语篇练）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）Impression West Lake is a grand evening show of music, light, and dance. Directed by Zhang Yimou, Impression West Lake 1 (update) since 2015. Included in the new version are 70 percent of elements from Hangzhou G20 Summit evening gala.
Impression West Lake, 2 (feature) the local culture of Hangzhou and unique charm of West Lake, is one of China’s Top Seven Shows. It 3 (vivid) presents the history and culture of West Lake by exploring the 4 (story) based on the Legend of White Snake and Butterfly lovers.
Besides being a charming show, Impression West Lake also highlights the beautiful 5 (nature) landscape of West Lake. The whole performance is staged entirely upon the lake 6 (it) with hills as the background. what is even more 7 （amaze）is “the Rain of West Lake”, which is artificially recreated 8 (bring) out the charm of West Lake in the rain.
Impression West Lake is also a feast of music. 9 is reported, the background music is made by Kitaro, a famous Japanese musician and the theme song is performed by Zhang Liangying, a popular Chinese singer with a 10 （heaven）voice. All these bring the audience into the dreamlike environment of romantic Hangzhou.
Passage 2（副词考点语篇练）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）From Monday to Friday, most people are busy working or studying, but in the evenings and on weekends they are free to relax and enjoy 1.________ (they). Some watch TV 2.________ go to the cinema. Others take part in sports. There are many different ways to spend their spare time.
Almost everyone has some kind of hobbies. It may be anything from collecting stamps to 3.________ (make) model airplanes. Some hobbies are expensive, 4.________ others don't cost anything at all. Some 5.________ (collect) are worth a lot of money. Others are valuable only to the owners.
I know 6.________ man who has a coin collection worth $250. He was very happy about his purchase and thought the price was reasonable. On the other hand, my youngest brother collects matchboxes. He has almost 600 of them but I doubt if they are worth any money. 7.________, to my brother they are 8.________ (extreme) valuable. Nothing makes him 9.________ (happy) than to find a new matchbox for his collection.
This is what a hobby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time10.________ (simple)for fun. The value in dollars is not important. We do it for the pleasure it gives.
Passage 3（形容词、副词考点语篇练）（标黄题号为本专题考点）
（2025·河南省新高中创新联盟TOP二十名校高三调研）
Artificial intelligence is being employed to safeguard the country’s oldest and tallest wooden pagoda (塔) in North China’s Shanxi Province which has gone through ____1____(nature) and human disasters for 968 years. The technology is being used ____2____(improve) the understanding of the 67-meter-tall Sakyamuni Pagoda, visualize its states over time and prepare for restoration work.
____3____(build) entirely out of wood without the use of nails in 1056 during the Liao Dynasty, the pagoda,____4____ complicated structure features innumerable mortises and tenons (榫卯), has weathered earthquakes, wars and other ____5____(challenge). As tall as a 20-story building, and with a base diameter of about 30 meters,the pagoda is a remarkable architectural wonder.
In April, 2024, a virtual reality program that copies the pagoda ____6____(release) by Chinese technology company Lenovo Group and Tsinghua University’s School of Architecture. Wearing VR glasses, visitors can experience what it would be like to climb the pagoda. ____7____ program has been donated to the county government to become part of its digital museum. ____8____ February last year, they began conducting modeling work on the wooden structure inside the pagoda, creating a database of parameters (参数) through structural research. Meanwhile, Lenovo Group is employing its AI-generated computing technology, which ____9____(perfect) combines AI,neural radiance fields technology and extended reality technology to construct a digital “twin” of the pagoda. Besides _____10_____(benefit) tourists, the technologies provide strong technical support for re-creating the complete structure and details of the pagoda.
Passage 4（形容词、副词考点语篇练）（标黄题号为本专题考点）
（2025·山东省实验中学高三上学期一诊）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wing Chun is a remarkable southern Chinese kung fu style with a unique origin. It has the distinction of having been founded by two women, Ng Mui and Yim Wing Chun.
The Wing Chun style is known for 1 (emphasize) technique rather than strength. This style calls for practitioners to stay 2 (relax) while fighting, allowing them to achieve a kind of softness or 3 (flexible). So this gives Wing Chun fighters a special kind of strength that allows them to bend, not break, just like bamboo.
Legend has it 4 Wing Chun founder Ng Mui was living at Shaolin Temple before it 5 (attack) and destroyed by Qing Dynasty forces. Surviving the attack, she escaped 6 the border area between Yunnan and Sichuan. There she met a young woman 7 (call) Yim Wing Chun, who became one of her top students. She taught Yim an improved version of Shaolin Kung Fu, 8 (ultimate) known as Wing Chun now. This new martial art 9 (grow) into different branches over the past two hundred years.
Ip Man, a notable practitioner of Wing Chun style martial arts, also taught the Wing Chun style to his student, Bruce Lee, 10 went on to act in the beloved Hong Kong kung fu movies and helped make Chinese martial arts famous around the world. Wing Chun’s unique approach and rich history have left an indelible mark on the martial arts world, inspiring generations to come.
题型二 完形填空（标黄题号为本专题考点）（2025·河南省安阳市多校一模联考）
Mary McCollum and her friends, all university students, were on a drive. Suddenly, they 1 a white car went off the road and rolled into a river. Without 2 , these extraordinary individuals sprang into action. Turning around, they 3 to the crash site at once.
“We saw a 4 stuck in the middle of a river. It was 5 at the same time, so we just threw our belongings aside and jumped in,” Mary told ANF. She recalled the 6 moment when she and her friends stood on top of the car, 7 every imaginable method to break open the door.
Luckily, with 8 and teamwork, they managed to open the door and 9 the mother and her two children. But their heroism didn’t 10 there. Clarke Jones, Mary’s friend, performed first aid 11 on the younger child, who was in a state of unconsciousness.
The actions of these students weren’t 12 . The local police office took to social media to express their gratitude and admiration, 13 what the students did. “Thanks to your quick thinking and bravery, the family may now keep alive. Your behavior is absolutely 14 . We are grateful you were in the right place at the right time.”
As for the students, they had never imagined that a routine drive would turn into an urgent rescue mission, and they were really proud of the 15 they made.234
1．A．supposed B．proved C．remembered D．observed
2．A．difficulty B．hesitation C．prejudice D．permission
3．A．swam B．pointed C．raced D．inched
4．A．stone B．vehicle C．stranger D．boat
5．A．sinking B．shining C．collapsing D．approaching
6．A．familiar B．odd C．awkward D．tense
7．A．mixing B．showing C．listing D．employing
8．A．curiosity B．sympathy C．determination D．respect
9．A．turn to B．pull out C．look for D．see off
10．A．end B．exist C．matter D．work
11．A．gratefully B．lightly C．immediately D．secretly
12．A．unnoticed B．unavoidable C．unexpected D．unbearable
13．A．checking B．recognizing C．imagining D．predicting
14．A．admirable B．legal C．available D．common
15．A．judgment B．appointment C．choice D．progress
I.单项填空
1.（2020·江苏）The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work.
A．absurd B．abrupt C．allergic D．authentic
2．（2020·天津）According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______.
A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious
3.（2019·江苏）28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.
A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight
4.（2018·江苏）34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A. keen B. reluctant C. anxious D. ready
5.（2017·江苏）29. Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death ,smart –phones defeated _______ PCs in sales.
A. controversial B. contradictory C. confidential D. conventional
6.（2017·江苏卷）34. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _______ explanations are hard to find.
A. alternative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent
7.（2017·天津卷）3. —I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.
—I’m sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.
A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available
8.（2016·浙江）13. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience , ______ if you are travelling at high speed.
A. eventually B. strangely C. merely D. especially
9.（2016·浙江）16. In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________ examples.
A. specific B. permanent C. abstract D. universal
10.（2015·浙江）13. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was alive.
A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently
II.语法填空（单句语法填空）
1.（2020·新课标I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
2.（2020·新课标II卷）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
3.（2020·新课标II卷）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
4.（2020·新课标III卷）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
5.（2020·新课标III卷）As the small boat moved, 68． (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
6.（2020·山东卷）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
7.（2019·新课标I卷）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
8.（2019·新课标II卷）Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
9. （2019·全国I）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.
10. （2019·全国II）We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题03 形容词和副词
目录 01 模拟基础练（单句语法填空） 【题型一】形容词考点综合练（最新模拟） 【题型二】副词考点综合练（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（完形填空和语法填空） 03 真题实战练
题型一 形容词考点综合练
1.（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学高三上学期月考）“When I began practicing martial arts, my initial idea was to win in the fight Now I feel (calm)and more peaceful. I can channel my anger, and develop a spirit of sharing. Martial arts have become the backbone of my life,” he said proudly.
【答案】calmer
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：“当我开始练习武术时，我的初衷是在打斗中获胜。现在我感觉更加冷静和平和。我可以化解愤怒，并培养分享的精神。武术已经成为了我生活的支柱，”他自豪地说。根据空后的“more powerful”可知，空处为形容词比较级。故填calmer。
2.（2025·云南省保山市高三上学期摸底）Now, it is much (easy) for passengers to purchase tickets. An online and mobile application ticket system was launched in March last year, which enables Internet-based ticket sales and supports payment methods such as WeChat, Alipay, UnionPay and VISA．
【答案】easier
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：现在，乘客购票更加容易了。根据句意和时间状语Now可知，句中对比了过去与现在的情况，用比较级easier作表语，表示现在购票“更容易”了。故填easier。
3.（2025·江苏省南京市六校联合体期中）Despite Li Bai and Du Fu featured in a lot of movies and TV shows in past decades, the movie employs a(an) (conventional) perspective to attract viewers’ attention from the start.
【答案】unconventional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：尽管李白和杜甫在过去的几十年里出演了很多电影和电视剧，但这部电影从一开始就采用了一种非常规的视角来吸引观众的注意力。根据句意，用其反义的形容词unconventional作定语修饰名词。 故填unconventional。
4.（2025·河北省卓恒教育高三联考）China is a country with a rich cultural heritage dating back thousands of years. The customs and traditions of China are a 37 (necessity) part for its people, shaping their beliefs, values and interactions.
【答案】necessary
【解析】考查形容词。句意：中国的风俗和传统是其人民必不可少的一部分，塑造了他们的信仰、价值观和相互交往。此处需要用形容词修饰名词part(部分)，necessity是名词，表示“必要性”，其形容词是necessary，表示“必要的”。故填necessary。
5.（2025·广西南宁外国语学校高三质量检测）In 1966, when French composer Laurent Petitgirard received a copy of the novel for his 16th birthday from his elder brother, he was (interest) .
【答案】interested
【解析】考查形容词。句意：1966年，当法国作曲家洛朗·佩蒂吉拉在16岁生日时收到哥哥送给他的一本小说时，他很感兴趣。根据空前 was 及主语 he 可知，此处需用所给词的形容词 interested，在句中作表语，表示“（人）感兴趣的”。故填interested。
6.（2025·福建省福州外国语学校高三期中）Bigger isn’t always better. Just look at smartphones and personal computers. It is the continual shrinkage (缩小) of components that has caused the explosion of computing power and enabled these gadgets to be (access) to people.
【答案】accessible
【解析】考查形容词。句意：正是组件的不断缩小导致了计算能力的爆炸式增长，并使这些小工具能够为人们所用。空处需填形容词accessible，作表语，短语be accessible to意为“容易接近的，容易进入的”。故填accessible。
7.（2025·江苏省南通市如皋市高三教学质量检测）“Marco Polo lived in China for 17 years and in his travelogue provided (detail) descriptions of the country, which allowed Westerners to learn about the allure of this Eastern nation for the first time,” Cammarota says.
【答案】detailed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：“马可波罗在中国生活了17年，在他的游记中详细描述了这个国家，这让西方人第一次了解到这个东方国家的魅力。”空处作定语修饰名词descriptions，应用形容词detailed作定语，故填detailed。
8.（2025·山西省高三学情调研测试）Black Myth: Wukong, whose (amaze) visuals and recreation of ancient Chinese architecture have quickly turned some of the country’s provinces and cities into popular travel destinations, has gained in popularity worldwide.
【答案】amazing
【解析】考查形容词。句意：《黑神话：悟空》凭借其令人惊叹的视觉效果和重现的中国古代建筑，迅速使国内一些省市成为热门的旅游目的地，在全球范围内广受欢迎。空处修饰名词visuals，需填形容词，作定语，amaze为动词，其形容词为amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。
9.（2025·云南省玉溪第一中学高三期中）With Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院) about to complete its reconstruction and reopen to the public in December after a (mass) fire in 2019, an AR (增强现实) exhibition, witnessing the revival of the precious cultural legacy will kick off at the National Museum of China on Thursday.
【答案】massive
【解析】考查形容词。句意：巴黎圣母院在2019年发生大火后，即将完成重建并于 12月重新向公众开放，见证珍贵文化遗产复兴的AR（增强现实）展览将于周四在中国国家博物馆拉开帷幕。此处需要一个形容词修饰名词fire作定语，故填massive。
10.（2025·江西省南昌市进贤县第一中学高三月考）A unique food trend has recently gained popularity among young people in China. Known as “leftover food blind boxes”, these innovative meal options provide a convenient and (afford) way to enjoy delicious food while also reducing food waste.
【答案】affordable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：被称为“剩饭盲盒”，这些创新的餐饮选择提供了一种方便且负担得起的方式来享受美食，同时也减少了食物浪费。空白处在句子中作定语使用形容词，且and 连接两个并列的形容词，afford 的形容词形式是 affordable，表示 “负担得起的”，故填affordable。
11.（2025·湖南省邵阳市武冈市高三期中）“It’s like adding bells and whistles to tea and giving people a (strong) sense of occasion, so drinking tea is more fun,” Han says.
【答案】stronger
【解析】考查比较级。句意：他说：“这就像给茶加上铃铛和口哨，给人一种更强烈的场合感，所以喝茶更有趣。”表示“更强烈的”应用比较级。故填stronger。
12. （2025·安徽省五校高三期中联考）“Many people think traditional Chinese culture is (mystery) and quiet, but I want to show them that it has infinite possibilities and power,” she explained.
【答案】mysterious
【解析】考查形容词。句意：很多人认为中国传统文化是神秘而安静的，但我想向他们展示它其实蕴含着无限的可能性和力量。根据空前is和空后and quiet可知，空处应用形容词，与quiet并列作表语。故填mysterious。
13.（2025·黑龙江省哈尔滨市师范大学附属中学高三期中）“To boost the pace of going global, Chinese sporting goods companies are undergoing transformation for higher (technology) approaches,” says Bao Mingxiao, director of the China Sports Policy Research Institute at Beijing Sport University.
【答案】technological
【解析】考查形容词。句意：北京体育大学中国体育政策研究院院长Bao Mingxiao表示：“为了加快中国体育用品企业走向世界的步伐，中国体育用品企业正在向更高的技术方法转型。”此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词approaches。technology的形容词形式为technological“技术的”。故填technological。
14.（2025·安徽省江淮十校高三第二次联考）Since the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, carpenters have produced many sunmao structures and a whole set of (system) methods has been invented.
【答案】systematic
【解析】考查形容词。句意：自商周以来，木匠们制作了许多榫卯结构，并发明了一整套系统的方法。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词methods，system的形容词是systematic，意为“系统的”。故填systematic。
15.（2025·福建省福州高级中学高三期中）An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently (unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are currently on display.
【答案】unearthed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：目前，43家博物馆和考古机构收藏的近400件最新出土文物正在展出。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰cultural relics，unearth的形容词是unearthed，意为“采掘出的”。故填unearthed。
题型二 副词考点综合练
1.（2025·福建省福州第一中学高三质检） , test results in April still showed high levels of bacteria in the collected samples from the river.
【答案】However
【解析】考查副词。句意：然而，四月份的测试结果仍然显示河流样本中细菌含量很高。上文“Over the past decade, Paris has investigated about 1. 4 billion euros (restore)the river’s ecosystem”与下文“test results in April still showed high levels of bacteria in the collected samples from the river.”前后句意为转折关系，应用However，故填However。
2.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The country is experiencing a period of consistent development and releases more movies than the United States. , there is a challenge posed by shifting audience preferences, which (increasing) favor Western movies over Indian movies. This way, even the positive environment conditioned by the large market readily available is incapable of overcoming the new situation.
【答案】However
【解析】考查副词。句意：然而，观众偏好的变化带来了挑战，他们越来越喜欢西方电影而不是印度电影。上句说明的是“这个国家正在经历一个持续发展的时期，发行的电影比美国多。”与本句中说明的“他们越来越喜欢西方电影而不是印度电影”为转折关系，空格处需要填入副词；however为副词，意为“然而”，句首单词首字母大写。故填However。
【答案】increasingly
【解析】考查副词。句意：然而，观众偏好的变化带来了挑战，他们越来越喜欢西方电影而不是印度电影。空格处修饰动词favor，所以需要用副词。increasing的副词为increasingly，意为“越来越”。故填increasingly。
3.（2025·辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟高三月考）_____63_____, many netizens on Sina Weibo don’t think Eleme is providing a wonderful service, complaining it just wants to make money.
【答案】However
【解析】However考查副词。句意：然而，新浪微博上的许多网友并不认为饿了么提供了一个很好的服务，他们抱怨说饿了么只是想赚钱。空后“many netizens on Sina Weibo don’t think Eleme is providing a wonderful service”和上文“It’s obvious that this service is convenient to the old”存在转折关系，用however；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填However。
4.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The country is experiencing a period of consistent development and releases more movies than the United States. , there is a challenge posed by shifting audience preferences, which increasingly favor Western movies over Indian movies.
【答案】However
【解析】考查副词。句意：然而，观众偏好的变化带来了挑战，他们越来越喜欢西方电影而不是印度电影。上句说明的是“这个国家正在经历一个持续发展的时期，发行的电影比美国多。”与本句中说明的“他们越来越喜欢西方电影而不是印度电影”为转折关系，空格处需要填入副词；however为副词，意为“然而”，句首单词首字母大写。故填However。
5.（2025·河北省卓恒教育高三联考）Confucian values such as respect for elders, filial piety (孝道), and harmony are (deep) rooted in Chinese society.
【答案】 deeply
【解析】考查副词。句意：儒家的价值观，如尊敬长者、孝顺父母、和谐相处，深深植根于中国社会。此处需要用副词修饰动词rooted(扎根)，deep是形容词，表示“深的”，其副词是 deeply，表示“深深地”。故填deeply。
6.（2025·广西南宁外国语学校高三质量检测）He read the story over and over again and began to think about turning it into music. (actual) , that didn’t happen until 2019 when Petitgirard met Wang Yabin in Paris.
【答案】Actually
【解析】考查副词。句意：事实上，直到2019年，小佩蒂吉拉德在巴黎遇到了王亚斌，这才发生了。此处用所给形容词的副词形式 Actually，修饰整个句子。故填Actually。
7.（2025·福建省福州外国语学校高三期中）Small as the subjects are, the benefits of the scientists’ research are set to be huge. More (important), their inventions may even eventually be turned into products that benefit mankind.
【答案】importantly
【解析】考查副词。句意：更重要的是，他们的发明甚至可能最终转化为造福人类的产品。结合句意空处应填副词形式importantly，作整个句子的状语。故填importantly。
8. （2025·江苏省南通市如皋市高三教学质量检测）The moment she set foot in China on Aug 29, she was
(warm) greeted by people who presented her with a wreath, symbolizing friendships, and put on traditional performances to celebrate her arrival at the country’s farthest west land port in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
【答案】warmly
【解析】考查副词。句意：8月29日，当她踏上中国的那一刻，她受到了人们的热烈欢迎，他们向她献上象征友谊的花圈，并举行了传统表演，庆祝她抵达中国最西部的新疆维吾尔自治区陆路口岸。空处修饰动词greeted，应用副词作状语，故填warmly。
9.（2025·山西省高三学情调研测试）North China’s Shanxi Province contributed 27 game scenes out of the game’s total of 36, and most of the scenes are (close) related to Buddhist (佛教) culture and Taoism (道教).
【答案】closely
【解析】考查副词。句意：中国北方的山西省贡献了36个游戏场景中的27个，其中大部分场景与佛教文化和道教密切相关。空处修饰谓语动词are related to，需用副词形式。故填closely。
10.（2025·江苏省南通市启东市启东中学高三期中）“We’re picturing it as a series of overlapping networks connecting Asia, Africa and Europe. Although Northwest Europe is overlooked in Silk Road discussions, our exhibition concludes with the artifacts found in Scotland that can be (basic) traced back to present-day Iran,” she said.
【答案】basically
【解析】考查副词。句意：她说，“我们把它想象成一系列连接亚洲、非洲和欧洲的重叠网络。虽然在丝绸之路的讨论中，西北欧被忽视了，但我们的展览以在苏格兰发现的文物结束，这些文物基本上可以追溯到今天的伊朗。”此处为副词作状语修饰谓语动词，basic的副词为basically意为“基本上，大体上”符合句意。故填basically。
11.（2025·湖南省邵阳市武冈市高三期中）Chinese tea culture started to enjoy popularity during the Tang Dynasty and flourished quickly throughout the Song Dynasty, when tea had become a necessity for almost everyone, just like rice, oil and salt. “ (total) different from the method of making tea during the Tang period, in the Song Dynasty, the popular way of having tea was through dian cha.
【答案】Totally
【解析】考查副词。句意：与唐代的泡茶方法完全不同，宋代流行的喝茶方式是通过点茶。修饰形容词different应用副词totally，首字母大写。故填Totally。
12.（2025·广东省广州外国语、广大附中、铁一中学等三校高三期中）A NASA satellite known as Aqua just celebrated its 21st birthday in May, making it one of the longest still-running space probes. It has collected a lot of data on the color of our oceans, which is (actual) an essential climate variable (变量) and can reflect changes in ocean ecosystems.
【答案】actually
【解析】考查副词。句意：它收集了很多关于海洋颜色的数据，这实际上是一个重要的气候变量，可以反映海洋生态系统的变化。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰句子，应该用副词修饰。故填actually。
13.（2025·福建省福州市第三中学高三期中）Restaurants began calling their food “Hunan” and “Sichuan”, and though it (true) bore much resemblance to what was eaten in those regions, it was more diverse and boldly spiced than the sweet, fried stuff that defined the earliest Chinese menus.
【答案】truly
【解析】考查副词。句意：餐馆开始将他们的食物称为“湖南”和“四川”菜，尽管这些菜确实与那些地区所吃的菜肴有很多相似之处，但比起最早期中餐菜单上定义性的甜、油炸食品，它们更加多样化且大胆调味。空处应用副词truly修饰动词bore。故填truly。
14.（2025·安徽省五校高三期中联考）Peng said, “I want Westerners to accept more diverse traditional Chinese instruments and to (well) understand Chinese culture.”
【答案】better
【解析】考查比较级。句意：彭说：“我希望西方人能接受更多样化的中国传统乐器，更好地了解中国文化。”根据more diverse可知，空处应用副词的比较级形式better，修饰动词understand。故填better。
15.（2025·黑龙江省哈尔滨市师范大学附属中学高三期中）Besides, China’s exports of roller skates and skateboards also surge 30.8% and 50.2% (respective).
【答案】respectively
【解析】考查副词。句意：此外，中国轮滑鞋和滑板出口也分别增长了30.8%和50.2%。此处应用副词respectively修饰动词surge，意为“分别地”，在句中作状语。故填respectively。
题型一 语法填空
Passage 1（形容词考点语篇练）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）Impression West Lake is a grand evening show of music, light, and dance. Directed by Zhang Yimou, Impression West Lake 1 (update) since 2015. Included in the new version are 70 percent of elements from Hangzhou G20 Summit evening gala.
Impression West Lake, 2 (feature) the local culture of Hangzhou and unique charm of West Lake, is one of China’s Top Seven Shows. It 3 (vivid) presents the history and culture of West Lake by exploring the 4 (story) based on the Legend of White Snake and Butterfly lovers.
Besides being a charming show, Impression West Lake also highlights the beautiful 5 (nature) landscape of West Lake. The whole performance is staged entirely upon the lake 6 (it) with hills as the background. what is even more 7 （amaze）is “the Rain of West Lake”, which is artificially recreated 8 (bring) out the charm of West Lake in the rain.
Impression West Lake is also a feast of music. 9 is reported, the background music is made by Kitaro, a famous Japanese musician and the theme song is performed by Zhang Liangying, a popular Chinese singer with a 10 （heaven）voice. All these bring the audience into the dreamlike environment of romantic Hangzhou.
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了做折造访西湖时的所见所闻，对西湖景物的描述，以及游玩其间的联想。
1. .has been updated考查被动语态。根据句中的 since 2015.可以确定该句为现在完成时，所以该空填has been updated 。
2. featuring考查分词短语。此处是分词短语作定语，主语和feature是主动关系，故填featuring
3. vividly考查副词的用法。因为此处修饰动词presents故应为一个副词，故该空填vividly。
4. stories考查名词复数。通过分析上下文可知西湖的故事不止一个，故此处的名词应当为复数。故填stories。
5. natural考查形容词。由于该空后面为landscape景色，景物，故该空应当作其landscape的定语，为一个形容词，故填natural。
6. itself考查代词。通过联系上下文可以得知该处应当填反身代词。 故该空填itself。
7. amazing考查形容词。根据前面的more可知，此处应用形容词。故填amazing。
8. to bring考查不定式。根据文章中的句子“which is artificially recreated ___8___ (bring) out the‘charm of West Lake in the rain.”该句为一个非限制性定语从句which用来指代上文中的the rain of west lake ,该句意为“通过重建西湖之雨来再现，雨中西湖的美景。To bring 在剧中做目的状语，故本题填to bring .
9. As 考查非限制性定语从句。此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代后面整个句子的内容，故填as。
10. heavenly考查形容词。此处名词voice之前，应用形容词修饰。故填heavenly。
Passage 2（副词考点语篇练）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）From Monday to Friday, most people are busy working or studying, but in the evenings and on weekends they are free to relax and enjoy 1.________ (they). Some watch TV 2.________ go to the cinema. Others take part in sports. There are many different ways to spend their spare time.
Almost everyone has some kind of hobbies. It may be anything from collecting stamps to 3.________ (make) model airplanes. Some hobbies are expensive, 4.________ others don't cost anything at all. Some 5.________ (collect) are worth a lot of money. Others are valuable only to the owners.
I know 6.________ man who has a coin collection worth $250. He was very happy about his purchase and thought the price was reasonable. On the other hand, my youngest brother collects matchboxes. He has almost 600 of them but I doubt if they are worth any money. 7.________, to my brother they are 8.________ (extreme) valuable. Nothing makes him 9.________ (happy) than to find a new matchbox for his collection.
This is what a hobby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time10.________ (simple)for fun. The value in dollars is not important. We do it for the pleasure it gives.
[解析] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们拥有的不同的爱好和爱好的意义。
1．themselves 考查代词。enjoy oneself是固定用法，故填themselves。
2．or 考查连词。这里空格前后构成并列关系，空处表示选择。故填or。
3．making 考查非谓语动词。from…to…“从……到……”，是固定结构，其中from和to都为介词，空处同collecting并列，故填making。
4．but/while 考查连词。根据空格后面“…others don't cost anything at all.”可知空格前后所连接的内容构成转折关系，并且连词在逗号后面，所以不能用however，故填but或while。
5．collections 考查名词单复数。根据后面be动词是are可知，前面的主语是名词复数，故填collections。
6．a 考查不定冠词。根据后文“…who has a coin collection worth $250.”可知这里表示泛指，故填a。
7．However 考查副词。根据前后语境可知此处是转折的意思，又根据后面的逗号可知填However。
8．extremely 考查副词。be动词和形容词之间应用副词，extremely修饰形容词valuable，故填extremely。
9．happier 考查形容词比较级。根据后面than可知这里应用比较级，故填happier。
10．simply考查副词。在我们业余的时间里做一些喜欢做的事情只是为了消遣。故填副词simply。
Passage 3（形容词、副词考点语篇练）（标黄题号为本专题考点）
（2025·河南省新高中创新联盟TOP二十名校高三调研）
Artificial intelligence is being employed to safeguard the country’s oldest and tallest wooden pagoda (塔) in North China’s Shanxi Province which has gone through ____1____(nature) and human disasters for 968 years. The technology is being used ____2____(improve) the understanding of the 67-meter-tall Sakyamuni Pagoda, visualize its states over time and prepare for restoration work.
____3____(build) entirely out of wood without the use of nails in 1056 during the Liao Dynasty, the pagoda,____4____ complicated structure features innumerable mortises and tenons (榫卯), has weathered earthquakes, wars and other ____5____(challenge). As tall as a 20-story building, and with a base diameter of about 30 meters,the pagoda is a remarkable architectural wonder.
In April, 2024, a virtual reality program that copies the pagoda ____6____(release) by Chinese technology company Lenovo Group and Tsinghua University’s School of Architecture. Wearing VR glasses, visitors can experience what it would be like to climb the pagoda. ____7____ program has been donated to the county government to become part of its digital museum. ____8____ February last year, they began conducting modeling work on the wooden structure inside the pagoda, creating a database of parameters (参数) through structural research. Meanwhile, Lenovo Group is employing its AI-generated computing technology, which ____9____(perfect) combines AI,neural radiance fields technology and extended reality technology to construct a digital “twin” of the pagoda. Besides _____10_____(benefit) tourists, the technologies provide strong technical support for re-creating the complete structure and details of the pagoda.
【答案】1. natural 2. to improve 3. Built 4. whose 5. challenges 6. was released
7. The 8. In 9. perfectly 10. benefitting /benefiting
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国利用人工智能技术来保护和研究山西省最古老、最高的木塔 —— 释迦牟尼塔。
1. natural考查形容词。句意：人工智能被用于保护中国北部山西省最古老、最高的木塔，该木塔经历了968年的自然和人为灾害。空格处用形容词natural作定语，修饰名词disasters，natural意为“自然的”。故填natural。
2. to improve考查不定式。句意：这项技术被用于提高对67米高的释迦牟尼塔的了解，可视化其随时间变化的状态，并为修复工作做准备。sth. be used to do是固定短语，意为“某物被用来做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to improve。故填to improve。
3. Built考查非谓语动词。句意：这座塔建于辽代1056年，完全由木头建造，没有使用钉子，其结构复杂，有无数的榫卯，经受住了地震、战争和其他挑战。句中谓语是has weathered，空格处用非谓语动词，the pagoda和build之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填Built。
4. whose考查定语从句。句意：这座塔建于辽代1056年，完全由木头建造，没有使用钉子，其结构复杂，有无数的榫卯，经受住了地震、战争和其他挑战。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词the pagoda和complicated structure之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词whose。故填whose。
5. challenges考查名词的复数。句意：这座塔建于辽代1056年，完全由木头建造，没有使用钉子，其结构复杂，有无数的榫卯，经受住了地震、战争和其他挑战。other后跟名词的复数challenges。故填challenges。
6. was released考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月，中国科技公司联想集团和清华大学建筑学院发布了一个复制宝塔的虚拟现实程序。由by可知，句子用被动语态，由In April, 2024可知，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语a virtual reality program是单数，因此空格处是was released。故填was released。
7. The考查定冠词。句意：该程序已被捐赠给县政府，成为其数字博物馆的一部分。此处program是第二次提到，因此空格处用定冠词the，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填The。
8. In考查介词。句意：去年2月，他们开始对宝塔内部的木结构进行建模工作，通过结构研究建立了参数数据库。February是2月，前面要加介词in，位于句首，首字母大写。故填In。
9. perfectly考查副词。句意：同时，联想集团正在利用其人工智能生成计算技术，将人工智能、神经辐射场技术和扩展现实技术完美结合，构建宝塔的数字“双胞胎”。空格处用副词perfectly修饰动词combines，perfectly意为“完美地”。故填perfectly。
10. benefitting /benefiting考查动名词。句意：除了使游客受益外，这些技术还为重建宝塔的完整结构和细节提供了强有力的技术支持。Besides是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，benefit的动名词是benefitting/benefiting。故填benefitting/benefiting。
Passage 4（形容词、副词考点语篇练）（标黄题号为本专题考点）
（2025·山东省实验中学高三上学期一诊）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wing Chun is a remarkable southern Chinese kung fu style with a unique origin. It has the distinction of having been founded by two women, Ng Mui and Yim Wing Chun.
The Wing Chun style is known for 1 (emphasize) technique rather than strength. This style calls for practitioners to stay 2 (relax) while fighting, allowing them to achieve a kind of softness or 3 (flexible). So this gives Wing Chun fighters a special kind of strength that allows them to bend, not break, just like bamboo.
Legend has it 4 Wing Chun founder Ng Mui was living at Shaolin Temple before it 5 (attack) and destroyed by Qing Dynasty forces. Surviving the attack, she escaped 6 the border area between Yunnan and Sichuan. There she met a young woman 7 (call) Yim Wing Chun, who became one of her top students. She taught Yim an improved version of Shaolin Kung Fu, 8 (ultimate) known as Wing Chun now. This new martial art 9 (grow) into different branches over the past two hundred years.
Ip Man, a notable practitioner of Wing Chun style martial arts, also taught the Wing Chun style to his student, Bruce Lee, 10 went on to act in the beloved Hong Kong kung fu movies and helped make Chinese martial arts famous around the world. Wing Chun’s unique approach and rich history have left an indelible mark on the martial arts world, inspiring generations to come.
【答案】
1．emphasizing 2．relaxed 3．flexibility 4．that 5．was attacked 6．to 7．called 8．ultimately 9．has grown 10．who
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对咏春拳这一中国南方武术形式进行了介绍，包括其起源、发展、技术特点以及相关的历史人物。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：咏春拳以强调技术而不是力量而闻名。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填emphasizing。
2．考查形容词。句意：这种风格要求练习者在战斗时保持放松，使他们达到一种柔软或灵活。作表语，且修饰人，应用形容词relaxed。故填relaxed。
3．考查名词。句意：这种风格要求练习者在战斗时保持放松，使他们达到一种柔软或灵活。作介词的宾语，应用名词flexibility，不可数。故填flexibility。
4．考查固定句型。句意：传说咏春拳创始人五枚在少林寺被清朝军队袭击和摧毁之前就住在少林寺。表示“传说……”句型为Legend has it that…。故填that。
5．考查时态语态。句意：传说咏春拳创始人五枚在少林寺被清朝军队袭击和摧毁之前就住在少林寺。主语it与谓语构成被动关系，发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was attacked。
6．考查介词。句意：在袭击中幸存下来，她逃到了云南和四川的边境地区。短语escape to表示“逃到……”。故填to。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里，她遇到了一位名叫严咏春的年轻女子，她成为了她最优秀的学生之一。此处woman与call构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。
8．考查副词。句意：她教给严一种改良版的少林功夫，也就是现在的咏春拳。修饰known应用副词ultimately，故填ultimately。
9．考查时态。句意：在过去的两百年里，这种新的武术已经发展成不同的分支。根据后文over the past two hundred years可知为现在完成时，主语为This new martial art，助动词用has。故填has grown。
10．考查定语从句。句意：叶问是一位著名的咏春拳练习者，他还把咏春拳教给了他的学生李小龙，李小龙后来出演了深受喜爱的香港功夫电影，并帮助中国武术闻名世界。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Bruce Lee，在从句作主语，指人。故填who。
题型二 完形填空（标黄题号为本专题考点）（2025·河南省安阳市多校一模联考）
Mary McCollum and her friends, all university students, were on a drive. Suddenly, they 1 a white car went off the road and rolled into a river. Without 2 , these extraordinary individuals sprang into action. Turning around, they 3 to the crash site at once.
“We saw a 4 stuck in the middle of a river. It was 5 at the same time, so we just threw our belongings aside and jumped in,” Mary told ANF. She recalled the 6 moment when she and her friends stood on top of the car, 7 every imaginable method to break open the door.
Luckily, with 8 and teamwork, they managed to open the door and 9 the mother and her two children. But their heroism didn’t 10 there. Clarke Jones, Mary’s friend, performed first aid 11 on the younger child, who was in a state of unconsciousness.
The actions of these students weren’t 12 . The local police office took to social media to express their gratitude and admiration, 13 what the students did. “Thanks to your quick thinking and bravery, the family may now keep alive. Your behavior is absolutely 14 . We are grateful you were in the right place at the right time.”
As for the students, they had never imagined that a routine drive would turn into an urgent rescue mission, and they were really proud of the 15 they made.234
1．A．supposed B．proved C．remembered D．observed
2．A．difficulty B．hesitation C．prejudice D．permission
3．A．swam B．pointed C．raced D．inched
4．A．stone B．vehicle C．stranger D．boat
5．A．sinking B．shining C．collapsing D．approaching
6．A．familiar B．odd C．awkward D．tense
7．A．mixing B．showing C．listing D．employing
8．A．curiosity B．sympathy C．determination D．respect
9．A．turn to B．pull out C．look for D．see off
10．A．end B．exist C．matter D．work
11．A．gratefully B．lightly C．immediately D．secretly
12．A．unnoticed B．unavoidable C．unexpected D．unbearable
13．A．checking B．recognizing C．imagining D．predicting
14．A．admirable B．legal C．available D．common
15．A．judgment B．appointment C．choice D．progress
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了玛丽·麦科勒姆和她的朋友们跳入河里救助被困在车里的母亲和孩子的故事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，他们看到一辆白色的汽车冲出公路，滚进河里。A. supposed推断，料想；B. proved证明；C. remembered记得；D. observed观察，看到。根据上文“Mary McCollum and her friends, all university students, were on a drive.”以及“a white car went off the road and rolled into a river”可知，他们看到一辆车冲出公路，掉落河里。故选D项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些了不起的人毫不犹豫地采取了行动。A. difficulty困难；B. hesitation犹豫；C. prejudice偏见；D. permission允许。根据“these extraordinary individuals”可知，性命攸关，所以毫不犹豫地采取了行动。故选B项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：转过身，他们立刻赶到事故地点。A. swam游泳；B. pointed指向；C. raced（使）快速移动；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“these extraordinary individuals sprang into action.”可知，他们立即赶到事故地点。故选C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一辆车被困在河中央。A. stone石头；B. vehicle机车；C. stranger陌生人；D. boat船。根据上文“a white car”可知，看到一辆车被困在河中央。故选B项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它同时在下沉，所以我们只是把我们的东西放在一边，跳了下去，”玛丽告诉ANF。A. sinking下沉；B. shining发光；C. collapsing 倒塌；D. approaching接近。根据常识可知，密度比水大的物体掉入水中会下沉。故选A项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她回忆起她和她的朋友们站在车顶上的紧张时刻，利用一切想到的办法要撬开车门。A. familiar熟悉的；B. odd古怪的；C. awkward 尴尬的；D. tense紧张的。根据上文“We saw a ________ stuck in the middle of a river.”可知，车子在下沉，所以施救人员是紧张的。故选D项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回忆起她和她的朋友们站在车顶上的紧张时刻，利用一切想到的办法要撬开车门。A. mixing混合；B. showing展示；C. listing列举； D. employing雇佣，利用。根据下文“every imaginable method to break open the door.”可知，情况紧急，所以利用一切想到的办法要撬开车门。故选D项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在决心和团队合作下，他们成功地打开了门，把母亲和她的两个孩子拉了出来。A. curiosity好奇；B. sympathy同情；C. determination决心；D. respect尊重。根据下文“teamwork”可知，在决心和团队合作下，他们成功地打开了门。故选C项。
9．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在决心和团队合作下，他们成功地打开了门，把母亲和她的两个孩子拉了出来。A. turn to转向；B. pull out拔出/取出/拉出；C. look for寻找；D. see off动身。根据上文“hey managed to open the door”可知，门打开了，把母亲和她的两个孩子拉了出来。故选B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们的英雄主义并没有就此结束。A. end结束；B. exist存在；C. matter 要紧，有关系；D. work工作。根据下文“Clarke Jones, Mary’s friend, performed first aid ________ on the younger child, who was in a state of unconsciousness.”可知，继续施救，英雄主义并没有就此结束。故选A项。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的朋友克拉克·琼斯立即对处于昏迷状态的小女孩进行了急救。A. gratefully感激地；B. lightly轻轻地；C. immediately立即；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“who was in a state of unconsciousness.”可知，处于昏迷状态，所以要立即施救。故选C项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些学生的行为并没有被忽视。A. unnoticed被忽视；B. unavoidable不可避免的；C. unexpected意想不到的；D. unbearable不能忍受的。根据下文“The local police office took to social media to express their gratitude and admiration”可知，学生的行为并没有被忽视。故选A项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地警察局在社交媒体上表达了他们的感激和钦佩，并认可了学生们的所作所为。A. checking核对；B. recognizing认出，认可；C. imagining想象；D. predicting预测。根据上文“The local police office took to social media to express their gratitude and admiration”可知，认可了学生们的所作所为。故选B项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你们的行为绝对令人钦佩。A. admirable令人钦佩的；B. legal合法的；C. available可获得的；D. common共同的。根据上文“admiration”可知，他们的行为绝对令人钦佩故选A项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于学生们来说，他们从来没有想到一次例行的开车会变成一次紧急的救援任务，他们为自己的选择感到自豪。A. judgment判断；B. appointment任命；C. choice选择；D. progress进步。根据上文“Without ________ , these extraordinary individuals sprang into action. Turning around, they ________ to the crash site at once.”可知，这是他们做出的正确的选择。故选C项。
I.单项填空
1.（2020·江苏）The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work.
A．absurd B．abrupt C．allergic D．authentic
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。
2．（2020·天津）According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______.
A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. serious严肃的，认真的。根据”we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是”可选择的”。故选C。
3.（2019·江苏）28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.
A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual偶然的，随便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧的，密封的。故选C。
4.（2018·江苏）34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A. keen B. reluctant C. anxious D. ready
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready准备好的。故选B。
5.（2017·江苏）29. Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death ,smart –phones defeated _______ PCs in sales.
A. controversial B. contradictory C. confidential D. conventional
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词的辨析。A. controversial 有争议的；B. contradictory对立的，相互矛盾的；C.
confidential机密的，秘密的；D. conventional传统的，智能手机在销量上打败了传统的个人电脑，故选D。
句意：就是在乔布斯死后的五年，智能手机在销售上击败了传统的个人电脑。
6.（2017·江苏卷）34. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _______ explanations are hard to find.
A. alternative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词的辨析。A. alternative可供替代的；B. aggressive好斗的，有进取心的；C. ambiguous
有野心的，耗时的；D. apparent显而易见的。句意：恐龙的消失未必是由天体灾害引起的，但是也很难找
到其它的解释。故选A。
7.（2017·天津卷）3. —I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.
—I’m sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.
A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available
【答案】D
【解析】句意：--我想见怀特先生，我们有约。--对不起，他现在没空，因为会议还没有结束。A.忙碌；B.积极，活跃；C关心；D.有空。根据语境，故选D。
8.（2016·浙江）13. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience , ______ if you are travelling at high speed.
A. eventually B. strangely C. merely D. especially
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：突然停止可能是一个可怕的经历，尤其是如果你以高速运行的时候。A.最终；B.奇怪地；C.仅仅地；D.尤其地。故选D。
9.（2016·浙江）16. In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________ examples.
A. specific B. permanent C. abstract D. universal
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：在文章中，你需要用具体的例子来支持总的观点。A.具体，明确的；B.永久的；C.抽象的；D.全球的，共通的。故选A。
10.（2015·浙江）13. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was alive.
A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently
【答案】C
【解析】句意：就算我们很少了解食物来自于哪里，我们大多数人都明白，放在我们的口里的每一点食物在之前都是活着的。A. steadily意为稳定地， B. instantly意为立即地，C. formerly意为先前地， D. permanently意为永久地。在做题的时候，只需要理解最后一句话就可以了was ______alive. 根据句意及常识不能得出答案，在吃入口中之前的都是活着的。
II.语法填空（单句语法填空）
1.（2020·新课标I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
2.（2020·新课标II卷）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
3.（2020·新课标II卷）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
4.（2020·新课标III卷）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
5.（2020·新课标III卷）As the small boat moved, 68． (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
6.（2020·山东卷）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
7.（2019·新课标I卷）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
【答案】poorly
【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
8.（2019·新课标II卷）Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
【答案】finally
【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
9. （2019·全国I）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.
【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处需用形容词的比较级，故填higher。
10. （2019·全国II）We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).
【答案】wonderful
【解析】考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。根据前面的We are so proud of her.我们为她感到骄傲和自豪，分析本句空格前面是系动词is，后面跟形容词作表语，故填wonderful。
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