2025届高三英语二轮复习：专项阅读分类 训练（含答案）

阅读分类汇总：
生物类 2.生活常识类 3.科技类 4.地理类
生物类阅读：
Tiny microbes(微生物)are at the heart of (..的核心) a new agricultural technique to manage=(deal with) harmful greenhouse gas.Scientists have discovered how microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into soil-enriching limestone(石灰石),with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas, such as West Africa.
Researchers have found that when the Iroko tree is grown in dry, acidic oil (酸性土壤) and treated with a combination of natural fungi(霉菌) and other bacteria, not only does the tree grow well, it also produces the mineral limestone(矿物质石灰岩) in the soil around its root.
The Iroko tree makes a mineral by combining Ca from the earth with CO2, from the atmosphere. The bacteria then create the conditions under which this mineral turns into limestone. The discovery offers a new way to lock carbon into the soil, keeping it out of the atmosphere. In addition to storing carbon (碳) in the trees' leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.
The discovery could lead to reforestation(重新造林) projects in tropical countries, and help reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in the developing world. It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Bolivia, Haiti and India.
The findings were made in a three-year project involving researchers from the Universities of Edinburgh,Granada, Lausanne and Delf University of Technology. The project examined several microbiological methods of locking CO2, as limestone, and the lroko-bacteria way showed best results. Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future&Emerging Technologies(FET)scheme.
Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the University of Edinburgh's School of GeoSciences, who led the research, said,"By taking advantage of(利用) this natural limestone-producing process, we have a low-tech, safe, readily employed and easily operating way to lock carbon out of the atmosphere, while improving farming conditions in tropical countries.(热带国家)
1.The passage is mainly introducing_______. 主旨题
A. some useful natural fungi and bacteria
B a new way to deal with greenhouse gas
C a newly-found tree in West Africa
D. The soil-enriching limestone created by scientists
2.Which of the following is true about tiny microbes 细节题
A. Most tiny microbes like living in dry，acidic soil.
B. CO2, can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria.
The more greenhouse gas is, the more active tiny microbes become.
D. Tiny microbes get along well with the Iroko tree in special soil.
3.What does the underlined word ‘‘it’’ in Paragraph 3 probably refer to 猜词题
A Carbon B Carbon C Soil D Limestone
4.According to the passage, what can we infer 推断题
A. The action of the tiny microbes can increase the oxygen in the earth.
B.Researchers have done the experiment on trees in Africa for three years. C.Researchers tend to use natural power to solve their problem.
D.West Africa is one of the most polluted areas all over the world.
5.According to the passage,the lroko-bacteria method_____. 细节题
A. can be used to improve the farming land.
B. can save a lot of seriously destroyed woods.
C. has been popularized in Bolivia, Haiti and India.
D. should be spread all around the world in the future.
单词积累： agricultural technique 农业技术 greenhouse gas温室气体 tropical areas热带地区
生活常识类阅读
How fit are your teeth Are you lazy about brushing them Never fear: An inventor is on the case. An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush, and it lets you track your performance on your phone.
The Kolibree toothbrush was exhibited at the international Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas this week. It senses(感觉)how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connection.(无线连接)
The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right(don't forget the insides of the teeth!) and make sure you're brushing long enough. "It's kind of like having a dentist(牙医)actually watch your brushing on a day-to-day basis, "says Thomas Serval, the French inventor.
The toothbrush will also be able to talk to other applications-on your phone, so developers could, for instance, create a-game controlled by your toothbrush. You could score points for beating monsters among your teeth. "We try to make it smart but also fun, " Several says
Serval says he was inspired by his experience as a father. He would come home from work and ask his kids if they had brushed their teeth.They said"yes, "but Serval would find their toothbrush heads dry. He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his children brushed.
The company says the Kolibree will go on sale this summer, for $99 to $199, developing on features. The U.S. is the first target market.
Serval says that one day, it'll be possible to replace the brush on the handle with a
brushing unit that also has a camera. The camera can even examine holes in your teeth while you brush.
Which is one of the feature (特点)of the Kolibree toothbrush (细节题)
A It can sense how users brush their teeth
B It can track users' school performance.
C It can detect users’ fear of seeing a dentist.
D. It can help users find their phones.
2..What can we learn from Serval's words in Paragraph3 (细节题)
A. You will find it enjoyable to see a dentist
B. You should see your dentist on a day-to-day basis.
C.You can brush with the Kolibree as if guided by a dentist
D. You'd like a dentist to watch you brush your teeth overy
3.Which of the following might make the Kolibree toothbrush fun (细节题)
A. It can be used to update mobile phones
B. It can be used to play mobile phone games
C. It can send messages to other users
D. It can talk to its developers.
4.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about (主旨题)
A How Serval found out his kids lied to him.
Why Serval thought brushing teeth was necessary.
C.How Serval taught his kids to brush their teeth.
D.What inspired Serval to invent the toothbrush.
5.What can we infer about Serval's children (推断题)
A. they were unwilling to brush their teeth.
B.They often failed to clean their toothbrushes
C. They preferred to use a toothbrush with a dry head
D. They liked brushing their teeth after Serval came home.
6. What can we learn about the future development of the Kolibree (推断题)
A The brush handle will be removed.
B A mobile phone will be built into it.
C It will be used to fill holes in teeth.
D It will be able to check users' teeth.
科技类阅读：
I've considered that fire is our first technology.Its profound and trans-formative impact is still powerful.Prometheus (a god of fire in ancient Greek stories) stole fire from the gods to benefit humanity and disrupted(打乱)the original order to challenge authority.Artificial intelligence(AI) emerges as a modem Prometheus.AI has, in a sense,“stolen" knowledge or rather,made accessible vast amounts of information and insights previously beyond our reach. This act has paved the way for new human achievements, indicating an era of exceptional cognitive(认知的)expansion and controversy.
On the one hand, AI has made knowledge widely accessible,broken down barriers to information access, and fueled innovation every field.AI's contribution to human progress is obvious.in the meantime,AI's theft” of knowledge comes with its own set of challenges and ethical(道德的) dilemmas.The disruption it brings can be seen in job losses, privacy concerns, and the unsettling changes it brings to societal norms.The very act of AI obtaining and processing vast amounts of data raises questions about security and the ethical use of information.
So AI challenges us to rethink our relationship with technology and its role in society. As we cast a light at the crossroads of technology and humanity, it is urgent to balance the flame of AI with a commitment to responsible management. In doing so, we can make the most of the full potential of this Promethean gift, ensuring that it serves as a lighthouse of progress and enlightenment, rather than a source of unchecked disruption for you and me.
Despite these challenges, AI's role in our modem society is eminent. It's similar to that of a partner in human creativity and problem-solving.It takes on the laborious tasks of data analysis and pattern recognition, freeing human minds so that they can engage in higher-order thinking and creative pursuits.This cooperation between humans and Al is fostering a new age of innovation -a cognitive age- where the boundaries of what can be achieved are constantly being redefined.
1.AI is compared to Prometheus in Paragraph 1 to stress that AI______
helps people to succeed easily
stands up for ordinary people
C.brings forth earthshaking changes
D.challenges traditional knowledge
2. What is primarily implied about AI in Paragraph 2
A. It is a double-edged sword.
B. It is the driving force behind creativity.
C.Its cognitive ability needs improvement.
D. Its advantages outweigh the potential drawbacks.
3. What is a must in order to maximize AI's beneficial impact
A. Adopting an open and tolerant mindset.
B. Carrying out effective regulation and management.
C.Ensuring cross-cultural cooperation in AI development.
D.Prioritizing ethical considerations over technological advances.
4.What does the underlined word "eminent in the last paragraph mean
A. Significant. B.Traditional. C.Conflicting. D. complicated
5.What is the author's general attitude towards AI's role in our society
A. Concerned. B. Pessimistic. C.Indifferent D.Positive.
单词积累： profound and trans-formative impact深远而具有变革性的影响 humanity 人类 challenge authority挑战权威 emerge as出现，应运而生 in a sense在某种意义上 vast amounts of information and insights大量的信息和见解 beyond our reach. 无法达到 pave the way铺路 an era of exceptional cognitive(认知的)expansion and controversy. 一个特殊的认知扩张和正义的时代 make knowledge widely accessible使知识广泛可及 break down barriers to information access 打破信息获取的障碍 fuel innovation every field 推动各个领域的创新 contribution to human progress 对人类进步的贡献 theft盗窃 dilemma困境 disruption分裂 job loss=out of work=jobless=unemployment失业 privacy concerns隐私问题 unsettling changes令人不安的变化 societal norms.社会规范 the act of AI obtaining and processing vast amounts of data 人工智能获取和处理大量数据的行为 rethink our relationship with technology重新思考我们与技术的关系 cast a light投射光芒，照亮 a commitment to responsible management.对负责任管理的承诺 make the most of the full potential gift充分利用潜在的天分 serve as 充当，担任，作为 enlightenment启蒙运动，启迪，教导 rather than a source of unchecked disruption for you and me. 而不是对你我造成不受控制的干扰的源头 human creativity and problem-solving.人类的创造力和解决问题的能力 take on the laborious tasks of data analysis and pattern recognition 承担繁重的数据分析和模式识别任务 foster a new age of innovation培养创新的新时代 boundary 分界线 constantly连续不断地 redefine重新定义
地理类阅读：
Every spring, in regions at high altitudes around the world, one of Earth's tiniest migrations takes place. The migrants are single-celled green algae (海藻); they are relatives to plants growing in the sea, but instead of living in the sea they live in snow. They spend the winter deep in the snow. In the spring, they wake and swim up through flowing streams of melted snow to the surface, dividing and photosynthesizing (进行光合作用) as they go. Then, at the top, they turn red. This creates what scientists call pink snow.
The color comes from astaxanthin {虾青素), a substance that gives some living things their reddish color. The algae produce astaxanthin as a form of sun protection; it absorbs UV light, thereby warming the organisms and thus melting the surrounding snow. "The melting helps them a lot," said Roman Dial, a biologist at Alaska Pacific University. "The moment there is liquid water on the snow, the algae start growing."
Pink snow is a perfectly natural phenomenon, but in an age of disappearing glaciers (冰川), it is also problematic. Last year, scientists discovered that the algae
turned the snow surface dark, reducing the amount of sunlight reflected by some glaciers in Scandinavia—and increasing the amount of sunlight absorbed-by 30%. The result, as Dial and his colleagues demonstrated in this month's issue of Nature Geoscience, is faster melting. As in other parts of the warming planet—particularly the Arctic, where scientists fear that melting permafrost (永冻土层) may lead to further climatic changes. Ice sheets are already being darkened by dust and ash, which makes the process of melting faster and provides nutrients for algae growth. As the organisms multiply, they melt even more snow, which allows them to increase in their population again. "It spreads more rapidly than people realize, once it gets established," Dial said.
Snow algae need snow; when that's gone, which seems to be the direction of things, the snow algae will go, too. Before the snow algae disappear, though, and while there's still some glacier left, it's entirely possible that the last snow we'll see on Earth will be pink or even red, a wound on Earth.
1.What causes the color of pink snow
A. The migration that involves the algae and other plants.
B. The flowing streams that the algae travel through.
C. The algae that turn red at the snow's surface.
D. The sunlight that directly reflects on the algae.
2. How does astaxanthin benefit the algae according to Paragraph 2
A. It absorbs UV light to cool down the algae.
B. It prevents the algae from photosynthesizing.
C. It colors the algae for the purpose of decoration.
D. It helps protect the algae from the sun.
3. What is the problem associated with pink snow mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. It increases the reflection of sunlight.
B. It speeds up the melting of glaciers.
C. It leads to a decrease in algae populations.
D. It reduces the amount of liquid water available.
4.According to the passage, what concern do scientists have regarding the Arctic region
A. The rapid melting of glaciers may lead to an increase in permafrost.
B. The darkening of ice sheets may slow down the process of melting.
C. The warming climate may result in the extinction of algae in the region.
D. Darkening ice sheets and multiplied algae may worsen climate change.
5. What is the author's attitude towards pink snow in the passage
A. Concerned. B. Indifferent. C.Neutral. D.Optimistic.
flowing stream流动的溪流 speed up加速 concerned 担心的/关心的 indifferent冷漠的 neutral 中立的 optimistic 乐观的
答案
生物类阅读1-5BDCCA
生活常识类 1-6ACBDAD
科技类阅读1-5CABAD
地理类阅读1-5CDBDA