专题01 完形填空之记叙文
目录
01考情透视·目标导航 2
02知识导图·思维引航 3
03考点突破·考向探究 4
考点一 考查词汇复现解题 4
【真题研析】 4
【核心精讲】 6
【命题预测】 7
考点二 考查行文逻辑解题 8
【真题研析】 8
【核心精讲】 10
【命题预测】 11
考点三 考查利用情感态度解题 12
【真题研析】 12
【核心精讲】 13
【命题预测】 13
考点四 考查利用上下文语境解题 14
【真题研析】 14
【核心精讲】 16
【命题预测】 16
考点五 考查利用习语搭配解题 17
【真题研析】 17
【核心精讲】 19
【命题预测】 19
考点六 考查利用生活常识解题 20
【真题研析】 20
【核心精讲】 21
【命题预测】 22
完形填空之记叙文
考点 目标要求 年份 卷别 体裁 主题 文章词数 考情分析
完形填空记叙文 考查在具体语境中理解词语表达的得体性和准确性 2024 新课标I卷 记叙文 凡是要有自己主见 234 根据新高考三年的考情分析，完形填空记叙文主要集中考查：动词及动词短语、名词、形容词、副词等实词在完形填空语篇中的上下文中的得体使用，考查的关键不是同义词辨析，是在具体语境中理解词语表达的得体性和准确性。考查以语篇内容理解为主，注重对文章语境的理解和把握。从表面看考学生的词汇知识，实际上是以文章为裁体，全面考察学生对文章的总体把握和全面理解，同时还考察学生的逻辑分析，推理等思维能力。 2025年高考还会继续以考查记叙文完形填空为主，在语境中重点考查动词及动词短语、名词、形容词和副词等实词。
新课标II 记叙文 友善行为美食力量 227
全国甲卷 记叙文 厨房里的祖母聊天 276
浙江1月 记叙文 火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子的故事 226
2023 新课标I卷 记叙文 越野赛的善行义举 225
新课标II 记叙文 帮狗狗与主人团聚 209
全国甲卷 记叙文 学会不要以貌取物 249
全国乙卷 记叙文 体操奥运冠军故事 244
新课标I卷 记叙文 越野赛的善行义举 225
2022 新课标I卷 记叙文 家庭野营趣味经历 218
新课标II 记叙文 环球旅行免费住宿 209
全国甲卷 记叙文 因狗结缘爱情故事 277
全国乙卷 说明文 孩子捉迷藏的研究 261
考点一 考查词汇复现解题
1．(2025年1月浙江卷节选)
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s cooking. A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her ___42___ to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes strangers into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money
【答案】A
【解析】曼努埃拉·里贝罗有一个健康的嗜好。这是烹饪。文中提到Manuola利用平台来分享她的烹饪兴趣，结合上下文，这里应该是hobby。hobby 爱好；energy 精力；education 教育；money 金钱。【同义复现】addiction n. 嗜好--hobby n. 业余爱好
2.（2024年1月浙江完形填空节选）
Without batting an eye, he would quote a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I recall him asking at one point.
9．A．writers B．historians C．workers D．students
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors (你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。【同义词复现】writer 作家----author 作家
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.
( )42.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse
( )43.A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor
( )44.A.race B.school C.town D.training
【答案】A D A
【解析】42.A 根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have…the course earlier than she did.”和上一题的解析可知,Melanie Bailey本应该更早完成比赛,她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手到达终点线。故选A。delay延误; chance机会; trouble麻烦; excuse借口。【反义复现】earlier---delay
43.D 根据第一段中“…hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race…”和第二段中“… let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line…”可知,她是背着一名参赛者到达终点线的。故选D。judge裁判; volunteer志愿者; classmate同学; competitor参赛者。【同义复现】competed--competitor
44.A 根据第一段的“…hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race…”可知,此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。race速度竞赛; school学校;town城镇; training训练。
【同一词复现】race--race
4.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空节选)
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was hard for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
( )47.A.confused B.nervous C.annoyed D.curious
【答案】B
【解析】根据空后“George, the husband, was trying to be calm…”可知,作者见到狗的主人时,他们非常紧张。confused困惑的; nervous紧张的; annoyed恼怒的; curious好奇的。故选B项。【反义复现】nervous--calm
词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
完形填空记叙文的特点：
记叙文常见的故事基本上积极向上的励志类型的小故事。从叙事方式来看，故事内容基本都遵循“起-承-转-合”的常见记叙文写作思路。从正负态度来解释，则可分为两种模式:一种为“负-正”，即故事开始就是“坏事”，后来转变为“好事”；另一种是“正-负-正”，即文章开始平静祥和，中间经历挫折、困难，最终迎来光明美好的结局。两种模式的共同点在于，无论故事如何开篇，过程都会经历曲折，结尾必然收获美好、充满希望。总之，完形填空的选材基本都是积极向上、引人向善的文章。了解这些有助于考生理解文章内容、把握主人公情感走向，进而帮助解题。
记叙文类完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点：
解题要领 内容解读
抓住文章中心 中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，抓文章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。
明确叙述角度 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。
理清写作顺序 记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
明确写作要素 弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
洞悉写作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。
完形填空的解题方法：
1．利用词汇复现解题
词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
（1）原词或同根词复现
原词或同根词复现是指相同的单词或同根词在原文中反复出现，达到衔接文章的目的。
（2）同义词或近义词复现
同义词或近义词复现是指意义相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。在做完形填空试题时，就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词，从而也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同源词复现，即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。
（3）)反义词复现
反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。我们可以利用这一衔接手段在文章中寻找要填入单词的反义词。
（4）结构复现
有时空格处的信息并不局限于与前一句中某个信息点的重复，可能是与前几句中的某个信息点的重复，也不局限于同词复现或同义复现，甚至连句式结构都非常类似。
1.（2025·湖北省武汉市硚口区高三质量检测）
Day two was much steeper and rockier. I really had to focus on what I was doing. And I felt guilty for the tough conditions Mik had to work in. Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile, “pole, pole,” which means “relax, take it easy” in his native language. I 9 back, my burden lighter somehow.
9．A．ran B．talked C．smiled D．rode
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也报以微笑，我的负担不知怎么减轻了。A. ran跑；B. talked谈论；C. smiled笑；D. rode骑行。根据上文“Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile,”可知，Mik是在对着作者笑，因此空处指的是作者也对着Mik笑。故选C。【同一词复现】上文smile--smile
2.（2025·八省联考）
I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would always see the same elderly lady 21 the pigeons (鸽子).
……
On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her usual spot to feed the birds.
21．A．feeding B．pursuing C．training D．collecting
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。A. feeding喂养；B. pursuing追求；C. training训练；D. collecting收集。根据下文“On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her usual spot to feed the birds.”可知，作者是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。【同一词复现】
3.（2025·福建省泉州市高三质量监测（二））On May 15, the rescuers finally caught a break when they spotted a shelter and his fishing equipment. They called in support from over 16 rescue organizations, and they explored every possible 27 but with no luck. Therefore, the rescuers left him a lighter and a note telling him to make a fire and they would be back. Two days later, a team found another 30 , but this time, Harry was nearby and heard his name called! It turned out he was walking along the path with minor pain.
27．A．equipment B．break C．food D．path
30．A．river B．chance C．team D．shelter
【答案】D D
【解析】27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们顺道向超过16个救援组织寻求帮助，他们探索了每一条可能的道路，但运气不好。A. equipment设备；B. break休息；C. food食物；D. path道路。根据语境和前文“they explored every possible”可知，因为是在寻找失踪的人，搜救队搜索了每一条可能的道路。故选D项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两天后，一支队伍找到了另一个庇护所，但这一次，Harry就在附近，听到有人叫他的名字！A. river河；B. chance机会；C. team队伍；D. shelter庇护所。根据前文“the rescuers finally caught a break when they a shelter”可知，两天后，一支救援队找到了另一个庇护所。故选D项。
【提醒】此处这两个空都是原词复现。
考点二 考查行文逻辑解题
1.（2025年1月浙江卷完形填空节选）“But it’s also a great ___53___, for it can sometimes take days to organise a single event,” Ribeiro said.
53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。但是这也是一个巨大的挑战，因为组织一场活动有时需要几天的时间。”lesson 教训；pleasure 快乐；success 成功；challenge 挑战。此处for是并列连词，表示原因，因为需要几天的时间准备，所以是有困难的，是一种挑战。故选D。
文中的并列连词for表原因，对解题起到了关键解释作用，为正确选择提供了线索。
2.（2024年1月浙江卷完形填空节选）It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 12 , and admirable person prevented me doing so.
11．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with
12．A．well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated
【答案】BD
【解析】11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
But但是……，转折关系再加上highly informed, 12 , and admirable对person的同义词修饰。理清作者的思路，进而做出正确选择。
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.
( )54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
( )55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange
【答案】CB
【解析】54.C 根据第一段“…hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race…”及空前的“…the two young women were strangers before the…”可知,句子表示“尽管这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。ride短途旅程; test测试; meet体育比赛; show节目。
Although尽管……，尽管这两个年轻妇女以前是陌生人，但它们匆匆成为朋友。利用让步关系理清作者的思路，进而做出正确选择。
【答案】55.B
【解析】根据第二段的“…let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get…attention.”可知,Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点线,并背她去接受检查,这展示了人类的善良,故选B。secret秘密; display展示; benefit益处; exchange交换。
But可是……利用转折关系解题，她们两个都没赢得比赛，但是人性善良的展现赢得了这天。
2.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空节选) George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
( )48.A.hard B.fine C.common D.lucky
【答案】A
【解析】对于乔治来说,将他的狗交给陌生人并相信一切都会进展顺利是很难的。hard艰难的; fine不错的; common普通的; lucky幸运的。故选A项。
【解读】虽然丈夫乔治尽力保持冷静，但是对于乔治来说,将他的狗交给陌生人并相信一切都会进展顺利是很难的。借助转折关系解题。
利用行文逻辑解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系(连接词有and，while等)；转折关系(连接词有but，however，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果关系(连接词有so，therefore，thus，because, for，since，as等)；让步关系(连接词或短语有though，although，despite, in spite of等)；条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless, once，provided that，in case of等)；解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is to say, in other words等)；顺序关系(连接词有before，after，and，first，second，then，next, finally等)。
完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。
1.（2025·八省联考）
On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her usual spot to feed the birds. But, as she approached the bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground.
I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I got up to get it back for her. 30 , before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the group picked up the necklace, flew to the bench, and dropped it on her lap.
30．A．However B．Afterwards C．Gradually D．Fortunately
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A. However然而；B. Afterwards之后；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the group picked up the necklace, flew to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，一只鸽子捡起项链，归还给了老妇人，这与作者原本的行为形成转折，应用However“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。
2.（2025·安徽省皖豫联盟高三联考）That message applied to a man named Evan Williams. In 2005 he developed an APP called Odeo. Not many people used it. It was a big disappointment, but Williams wasn’t upset. 15 , he learned from his mistakes and kept working hard. A few years later, he helped create one of the biggest social media sites ever: Twitter.
15．A．Instead B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．Therefore
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他从错误中吸取教训，继续努力工作。A. Instead相反；B. Moreover此外；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Therefore因此。上文“but Williams wasn’t upset”提到Williams没有沮丧，结合下文“he learned from his mistakes and kept working hard”可知，Instead“相反”能够连接上下文的逻辑关系，故选A。
考点三 考查利用情感态度解题
1.（2024·1月新高考浙江卷·完形填空节选）Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had attended a two-year professional school to quickly find a job building highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would quote a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American writers as a whole.
47．A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
当作者了解到：他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。建高速公路的体力活已经很累了，但是他每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。他的经历引起了作者情感上的共鸣，所以作者感到他的事迹是引人注目的。
2. （2022·全国高考甲卷·节选）
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their 41 was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay.
41．A．ownership B．membership
C．companionship D．leadership
【答案】C
【解析】根据第二段中的enjoyed living with my dogs可知，作者这些年来一直很喜欢和她的两只宠物狗生活在一起，两只狗的“陪伴”能让作者远离孤单。故选C。
在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是解题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助考生快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
考生在解答该类问题时，要善于把握与作者的写作态度、感悟色彩相关的词汇，特别是某些形容词、副词。这类题型主观性较强，心理描写较多。
利用情感态度解题
在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的情感态度的相关词汇就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在理解文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出答案。
情感态度：①关注故事的转折点和相关人物的情绪变化；②判断作者与文中其他人物的情感态度；③积累表达“爱憎好恶”的词汇和固定短语。
1.（2025·八省联考）
The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, would gather around her before she even had a chance to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the same each day, part of her routine.
I found that watching her perform this ordinary task with such 26 was both calming and beautiful.
26．A．confidence B．enthusiasm C．flexibility D．precision
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A. confidence信心；B. enthusiasm热情；C. flexibility灵活性；D. precision精确性。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人对此倾注了热情，因此一直坚持着。故选B。
2.（2025·湖北省武汉市高三质量检测）
Over the next five days, the climb got increasingly difficult. The temperatures could swing from 21℃ to below freezing in a few hours. At 5, 700 meters, there’s only half the oxygen available in each breath compared to at sea level. That leaves many people with severe headache. Yet Mik always had a smile and a positive attitude. It had an enormous impact on me, giving me the 13 to keep going.
Even today, when I find myself 14 with anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile. A great attitude can bring joy to those around you, or even 15 strangers to the top of a mountain.
13．A．impression B．platform C．opportunity D．strength
14．A．cooperating B．struggling C．associating D．communicating
15．A．persuade B．introduce C．motivate D．recommend
【答案】 13．D 14．B 15．C
【解析】13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它对我产生了巨大的影响，给了我继续前进的力量。A. impression印象；B. platform月台、平台；C. opportunity机会；D. strength力气。根据下文“A great attitude can bring joy to those around you, or even 15 strangers to the top of a mountain.”可知，Mik积极的态度对作者有很大的影响，激励作者前行，也就是给了作者前行的力量。故选D。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，当我发现自己在生活中挣扎时，我也会想起Mik和他的微笑。A. cooperating合作；B. struggling挣扎；C. associating联系；D. communicating交流。根据下文“with anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile”和上文内容可知，作者爬山是冒险，也就是在挣扎；由此可知，作者指的是即便在现在，只要作者很辛苦地挣扎时，作者都会想到Mik。故选B。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：良好的态度可以给你周围的人带来快乐，甚至可以激励陌生人登上山顶。A. persuade劝服；B. introduce介绍；C. motivate激励；D. recommend推荐。根据上文“It had an enormous impact on me, giving me the 13 to keep going.”可知，Mik的态度一直激励着作者继续前行。故选C。
考点四 考查利用上下文语境解题
1.(2024·全国Ⅱ·节选)
During my first visit to Italy, I struggled to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to string a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language barrier. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
【答案】DC
【解析】24.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。
26.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
2.(2024年1月·浙江卷·节选)
A young Chinese man 2 me on the train. My new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese.
2．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached
【答案】D
【解析】句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
根据下文语境解题I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese我很高兴地抓住这个机会去练习了我的中文。可知，只有两个人离得近了才能进行对话。所以一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。选approached。
3.(2021·全国甲卷·节选)
They had asked him to bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he 44 a suitcase full of pepperoni.
44．A．filled B．locked
C．abandoned D．lost
【答案】A
【解析】本题可以利用语境分析法解题。根据上文“They had asked him to bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east”，可推知Burchill 应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给朋友，此题选A符合上下文语境。
4.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a competitior across the finish line.
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
【答案】A
【解析】本题可以利用语境分析法解题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
根据上下文语境解题是最常用的方法。考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。
利用上下文语境解题
完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。
1.（2025·广东省深圳市高级中学高三月考）
Since that day, I’ve understood I have a 11 , either to let boredom and worry consume me or to embrace the beauty of the surroundings. I used to believe I had to demonstrate awe for grand things. But in this way, I was missing the tiny things that make life extraordinary, like the sound of laughter. My son’s appreciation for life indicates there is so much pleasure around us if we open our eyes to see it.
11．A．suggestion B．responsibility C．principle D．choice
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我明白了我有一个选择，要么让无聊和担忧吞噬我，要么拥抱周围的美景。A. suggestion建议；B. responsibility责任；C. principle原则；D. choice选择。根据下文“embrace the beauty of the surroundings.”可知，此处指作者要做出一种选择。故选D。【下文语境：either to let boredom and worry consume me or to embrace the beauty of the surroundings. 其中的either...or...就清楚表明此处选choice】
2.（2024·九省联考）I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. ......Right then and there, this total stranger examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been charged for so long that they were 30 to function. After about an hour, he
pronounced that my car was safe to finish the trip.
30．A．free B．ready C．uncertain D．unable
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free免费的；B. ready准备好的；C. uncertain不确定；D. unable不能的。根据上文“as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。
【提醒】上文语境可知：my car broke down. 汽车坏了；和my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long这些语境推知，此处是不能工作了，不起作用了。故选unable.D
考点五 考查利用习语搭配解题
1.（2024·全国Ⅱ卷）
Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据下午“It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过语境和固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配remind sb to do sth意为：提醒某人做什么。再加上后面的语境：正是这些小小的善举让一个新的国家感觉像是家。
2.（2024年1月浙江高考卷）
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family.
45．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded
46．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding
【答案】CA
【解析】45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配attend school意为“上学”；build highways意为：建高速公路。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）
Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention.
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，短语medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
3.（2023·全国甲卷·节选）Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we stayed there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___42___ its way down the hill toward us.
( )42.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling
【答案】A
【解析】“我们”听到一辆摩托车从山上向“我们”驶来。此处是短语make one’s way意为“去,前往,到……地方去”。故选A。
完形填空很多情况不是考查同义词辨析，而是在语境或固定搭配中选择正确答案。这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配make one’s way意为“去,前往,到……地方去”。
利用习语搭配解题
英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现，完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们做出正确选择。
值得注意的是：英语完形填空中的词义辨析，大多是利用短语和语境解题，与词义辨析没什么关系。
1.（2025·八省联考）I couldn’t 33 my eyes. The old lady, also surprised, began laughing quietly to herself. I was left with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.
33．A．lift B．cover C．believe D．close
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. lift举起；B. cover覆盖；C. believe相信；D. close关闭。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ______ picked up the necklace, ______ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链，这是令人难以置信的事，因此作者不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。【利用习惯搭配：I can't believe my eyes我简直不敢相信我的眼睛---表示惊讶】
2.（2025·河南省华大新高考联盟高三期中）
Countless complaints and increase in prices have made it increasingly difficult to watch TV. I miss the days when I could watch reruns of my favorite childhood shows on Disney. Now, they’re all blocked behind a paywall. That’s why I say, with a heavy 15 , that TV has been ruined.
15．A．pace B．figure C．heart D．memory
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我怀着沉重的心情说，电视已经被毁掉了。A. pace步伐；B. figure数字；C. heart心；D. memory记忆。with a heavy heart是固定搭配，意为“怀着沉重的心情”。故选C项。
考点六 考查利用生活常识解题
1.（2025年1月·浙江卷·节选）Ribeiro ___44___ ?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours.
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises
【答案】B
【解析】考查语境理解及词的语法。句意：里贝罗每人收费35美元，通常是三道菜，可持续3个小时。根据后面的内容：what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. 通常是顿三道菜的饭，可以持续三个小时。
根据生活常识：享受了三道菜的一顿饭，再加上3个小时的服务，理应收取费用，故用charges。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention.
( )47.A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down
【答案】D
【解析】根据下文“…let Lenoue climb onto her back…”可知,Bailey弯下腰,让Lenoue爬到她的背上。故选D。go away离开; stand up站起来; step aside让位; bend down弯腰。
根据常识自然是弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends.
( )54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
【答案】C
【解析】根据第一段“…hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race…”及空前的“…the two young women were strangers before the…”可知,句子表示“尽管这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。ride短途旅程; test测试; meet体育比赛; show节目。
根据常识，两人没见面之前自然是陌生人。
利用生活常识解题
跨文化思考意识是中学英语《新课程标准》中要求的基本准则之一。因此考生在备考过程中，应该有意识地利用有关资料，了解一些有关中西方文化差异的知识来完善自己的知识系统。完形填空题中有时就渗透着相关的，如科学、历史、文化、风俗民情等方面的知识。如果考生掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，就具备了一定的判断能力，可以大大简化复杂的分析过程和判断过程。这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要扩大阅读面，增强自己这方面的知识储备，避免常识性错误。同时，还要注意中西方文化的差异，避免出现汉语式表达或理解。
完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生的生活，涉及日常生活常识的试题就在所难免。所以考生在解题时，可以根据这些常识做出正确选择。
完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识：有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确地解题。
【总结方法】
生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着三者如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。能够根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。学生在把握全文意思的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。
1.（2025·广东省深圳市高三期末）
To a certain extent, “special forces style” tourism is just a(n) repetition of regular travel, where young people spend 24 hours in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list. By comparison, city walk allows people to explore a city freely without deliberately joining the crowds at popular tourist spots or waiting in 5 lines outside popular restaurants for hours.
5．A．quiet B．straight C．formal D．long
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，城市漫步可以让人们自由地探索一个城市，而不必刻意在热门旅游景点加入人群，也不必在热门餐厅外排几个小时的长队。A. quiet安静的；B. straight直的；C. formal正式的；D. long长的。根据“lines outside popular restaurants for hours.”和常识可知，热门餐厅外往往都排着长队。故选D。
2.（2025·江苏省苏州市高三联考）
I was once troubled by scars. But now I find it funny when people are 1 of the scars they have on their bodies.
1．A．confident B．conscious C．ashamed D．independent
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但现在我发现，当人们为他们身上的伤疤感到羞耻时，我觉得这很有趣。A. confident自信的；B. conscious有意识的；C. ashamed羞耻的；D. independent独立的。根据后文“when people are ___1___ of the scars they have on their bodies.”以及常识可知，人们通常会因为伤疤而感到羞耻，所以此处指作者觉得人们为他们身上的伤疤感到羞耻很有趣。故选C项。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题01 完形填空之记叙文
目录
01考情透视·目标导航 2
02知识导图·思维引航 3
03考点突破·考向探究 4
考点一 考查词汇复现解题 4
【真题研析】 4
【核心精讲】 5
【命题预测】 6
考点二 考查行文逻辑解题 7
【真题研析】 7
【核心精讲】 8
【命题预测】 8
考点三 考查利用情感态度解题 9
【真题研析】 9
【核心精讲】 10
【命题预测】 10
考点四 考查利用上下文语境解题 11
【真题研析】 11
【核心精讲】 12
【命题预测】 12
考点五 考查利用习语搭配解题 13
【真题研析】 13
【核心精讲】 14
【命题预测】 14
考点六 考查利用生活常识解题 15
【真题研析】 15
【核心精讲】 15
【命题预测】 16
完形填空之记叙文
考点 目标要求 年份 卷别 体裁 主题 文章词数 考情分析
完形填空记叙文 考查在具体语境中理解词语表达的得体性和准确性 2024 新课标I卷 记叙文 凡是要有自己主见 234 根据新高考三年的考情分析，完形填空记叙文主要集中考查：动词及动词短语、名词、形容词、副词等实词在完形填空语篇中的上下文中的得体使用，考查的关键不是同义词辨析，是在具体语境中理解词语表达的得体性和准确性。考查以语篇内容理解为主，注重对文章语境的理解和把握。从表面看考学生的词汇知识，实际上是以文章为裁体，全面考察学生对文章的总体把握和全面理解，同时还考察学生的逻辑分析，推理等思维能力。 2025年高考还会继续以考查记叙文完形填空为主，在语境中重点考查动词及动词短语、名词、形容词和副词等实词。
新课标II 记叙文 友善行为美食力量 227
全国甲卷 记叙文 厨房里的祖母聊天 276
浙江1月 记叙文 火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子的故事 226
2023 新课标I卷 记叙文 越野赛的善行义举 225
新课标II 记叙文 帮狗狗与主人团聚 209
全国甲卷 记叙文 学会不要以貌取物 249
全国乙卷 记叙文 体操奥运冠军故事 244
新课标I卷 记叙文 越野赛的善行义举 225
2022 新课标I卷 记叙文 家庭野营趣味经历 218
新课标II 记叙文 环球旅行免费住宿 209
全国甲卷 记叙文 因狗结缘爱情故事 277
全国乙卷 说明文 孩子捉迷藏的研究 261
考点一 考查词汇复现解题
1．(2025年1月浙江卷节选)
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s cooking. A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her ___42___ to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes strangers into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money
2.（2024年1月浙江完形填空节选）
Without batting an eye, he would quote a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I recall him asking at one point.
9．A．writers B．historians C．workers D．students
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.
( )42.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse
( )43.A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor
( )44.A.race B.school C.town D.training
4.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空节选)
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was hard for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
( )47.A.confused B.nervous C.annoyed D.curious
词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
完形填空记叙文的特点：
记叙文常见的故事基本上积极向上的励志类型的小故事。从叙事方式来看，故事内容基本都遵循“起-承-转-合”的常见记叙文写作思路。从正负态度来解释，则可分为两种模式:一种为“负-正”，即故事开始就是“坏事”，后来转变为“好事”；另一种是“正-负-正”，即文章开始平静祥和，中间经历挫折、困难，最终迎来光明美好的结局。两种模式的共同点在于，无论故事如何开篇，过程都会经历曲折，结尾必然收获美好、充满希望。总之，完形填空的选材基本都是积极向上、引人向善的文章。了解这些有助于考生理解文章内容、把握主人公情感走向，进而帮助解题。
记叙文类完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点：
解题要领 内容解读
抓住文章中心 中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，抓文章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。
明确叙述角度 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。
理清写作顺序 记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
明确写作要素 弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
洞悉写作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。
完形填空的解题方法：
1．利用词汇复现解题
词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
（1）原词或同根词复现
原词或同根词复现是指相同的单词或同根词在原文中反复出现，达到衔接文章的目的。
（2）同义词或近义词复现
同义词或近义词复现是指意义相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。在做完形填空试题时，就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词，从而也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同源词复现，即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。
（3）)反义词复现
反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。我们可以利用这一衔接手段在文章中寻找要填入单词的反义词。
（4）结构复现
有时空格处的信息并不局限于与前一句中某个信息点的重复，可能是与前几句中的某个信息点的重复，也不局限于同词复现或同义复现，甚至连句式结构都非常类似。
1.（2025·湖北省武汉市硚口区高三质量检测）
Day two was much steeper and rockier. I really had to focus on what I was doing. And I felt guilty for the tough conditions Mik had to work in. Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile, “pole, pole,” which means “relax, take it easy” in his native language. I 9 back, my burden lighter somehow.
9．A．ran B．talked C．smiled D．rode
2.（2025·八省联考）
I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would always see the same elderly lady 21 the pigeons (鸽子).
……
On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her usual spot to feed the birds.
21．A．feeding B．pursuing C．training D．collecting
3.（2025·福建省泉州市高三质量监测（二））On May 15, the rescuers finally caught a break when they spotted a shelter and his fishing equipment. They called in support from over 16 rescue organizations, and they explored every possible 27 but with no luck. Therefore, the rescuers left him a lighter and a note telling him to make a fire and they would be back. Two days later, a team found another 30 , but this time, Harry was nearby and heard his name called! It turned out he was walking along the path with minor pain.
27．A．equipment B．break C．food D．path
30．A．river B．chance C．team D．shelter
考点二 考查行文逻辑解题
1.（2025年1月浙江卷完形填空节选）“But it’s also a great ___53___, for it can sometimes take days to organise a single event,” Ribeiro said.
53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
文中的并列连词for表原因，对解题起到了关键解释作用，为正确选择提供了线索。
2.（2024年1月浙江卷完形填空节选）It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 12 , and admirable person prevented me doing so.
11．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with
12．A．well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated
But但是……，转折关系再加上highly informed, 12 , and admirable对person的同义词修饰。理清作者的思路，进而做出正确选择。
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.
( )54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
( )55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange
Although尽管……，尽管这两个年轻妇女以前是陌生人，但它们匆匆成为朋友。利用让步关系理清作者的思路，进而做出正确选择。
But可是……利用转折关系解题，她们两个都没赢得比赛，但是人性善良的展现赢得了这天。
2.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空节选) George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
( )48.A.hard B.fine C.common D.lucky
【解读】虽然丈夫乔治尽力保持冷静，但是对于乔治来说,将他的狗交给陌生人并相信一切都会进展顺利是很难的。借助转折关系解题。
利用行文逻辑解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系(连接词有and，while等)；转折关系(连接词有but，however，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果关系(连接词有so，therefore，thus，because, for，since，as等)；让步关系(连接词或短语有though，although，despite, in spite of等)；条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless, once，provided that，in case of等)；解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is to say, in other words等)；顺序关系(连接词有before，after，and，first，second，then，next, finally等)。
完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。
1.（2025·八省联考）
On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her usual spot to feed the birds. But, as she approached the bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground.
I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I got up to get it back for her. 30 , before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the group picked up the necklace, flew to the bench, and dropped it on her lap.
30．A．However B．Afterwards C．Gradually D．Fortunately
2.（2025·安徽省皖豫联盟高三联考）That message applied to a man named Evan Williams. In 2005 he developed an APP called Odeo. Not many people used it. It was a big disappointment, but Williams wasn’t upset. 15 , he learned from his mistakes and kept working hard. A few years later, he helped create one of the biggest social media sites ever: Twitter.
15．A．Instead B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．Therefore
考点三 考查利用情感态度解题
1.（2024·1月新高考浙江卷·完形填空节选）Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had attended a two-year professional school to quickly find a job building highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would quote a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American writers as a whole.
47．A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable
当作者了解到：他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。建高速公路的体力活已经很累了，但是他每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。他的经历引起了作者情感上的共鸣，所以作者感到他的事迹是引人注目的。
2. （2022·全国高考甲卷·节选）
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their 41 was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay.
41．A．ownership B．membership
C．companionship D．leadership
在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是解题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助考生快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
考生在解答该类问题时，要善于把握与作者的写作态度、感悟色彩相关的词汇，特别是某些形容词、副词。这类题型主观性较强，心理描写较多。
利用情感态度解题
在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的情感态度的相关词汇就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在理解文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出答案。
情感态度：①关注故事的转折点和相关人物的情绪变化；②判断作者与文中其他人物的情感态度；③积累表达“爱憎好恶”的词汇和固定短语。
1.（2025·八省联考）
The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, would gather around her before she even had a chance to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the same each day, part of her routine.
I found that watching her perform this ordinary task with such 26 was both calming and beautiful.
26．A．confidence B．enthusiasm C．flexibility D．precision
2.（2025·湖北省武汉市高三质量检测）
Over the next five days, the climb got increasingly difficult. The temperatures could swing from 21℃ to below freezing in a few hours. At 5, 700 meters, there’s only half the oxygen available in each breath compared to at sea level. That leaves many people with severe headache. Yet Mik always had a smile and a positive attitude. It had an enormous impact on me, giving me the 13 to keep going.
Even today, when I find myself 14 with anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile. A great attitude can bring joy to those around you, or even 15 strangers to the top of a mountain.
13．A．impression B．platform C．opportunity D．strength
14．A．cooperating B．struggling C．associating D．communicating
15．A．persuade B．introduce C．motivate D．recommend
考点四 考查利用上下文语境解题
1.(2024·全国Ⅱ·节选)
During my first visit to Italy, I struggled to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to string a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language barrier. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
2.(2024年1月·浙江卷·节选)
A young Chinese man 2 me on the train. My new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese.
2．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached
根据下文语境解题I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese我很高兴地抓住这个机会去练习了我的中文。可知，只有两个人离得近了才能进行对话。所以一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。选approached。
3.(2021·全国甲卷·节选)
They had asked him to bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he 44 a suitcase full of pepperoni.
44．A．filled B．locked
C．abandoned D．lost
4.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a competitior across the finish line.
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
根据上下文语境解题是最常用的方法。考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。
利用上下文语境解题
完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。
1.（2025·广东省深圳市高级中学高三月考）
Since that day, I’ve understood I have a 11 , either to let boredom and worry consume me or to embrace the beauty of the surroundings. I used to believe I had to demonstrate awe for grand things. But in this way, I was missing the tiny things that make life extraordinary, like the sound of laughter. My son’s appreciation for life indicates there is so much pleasure around us if we open our eyes to see it.
11．A．suggestion B．responsibility C．principle D．choice
2.（2024·九省联考）I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. ......Right then and there, this total stranger examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been charged for so long that they were 30 to function. After about an hour, he
pronounced that my car was safe to finish the trip.
30．A．free B．ready C．uncertain D．unable
考点五 考查利用习语搭配解题
1.（2024·全国Ⅱ卷）
Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过语境和固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配remind sb to do sth意为：提醒某人做什么。再加上后面的语境：正是这些小小的善举让一个新的国家感觉像是家。
2.（2024年1月浙江高考卷）
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family.
45．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded
46．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding
这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配attend school意为“上学”；build highways意为：建高速公路。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）
Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention.
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
3.（2023·全国甲卷·节选）Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we stayed there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___42___ its way down the hill toward us.
( )42.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling
完形填空很多情况不是考查同义词辨析，而是在语境或固定搭配中选择正确答案。这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配make one’s way意为“去,前往,到……地方去”。
利用习语搭配解题
英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现，完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们做出正确选择。
值得注意的是：英语完形填空中的词义辨析，大多是利用短语和语境解题，与词义辨析没什么关系。
1.（2025·八省联考）I couldn’t 33 my eyes. The old lady, also surprised, began laughing quietly to herself. I was left with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.
33．A．lift B．cover C．believe D．close
2.（2025·河南省华大新高考联盟高三期中）
Countless complaints and increase in prices have made it increasingly difficult to watch TV. I miss the days when I could watch reruns of my favorite childhood shows on Disney. Now, they’re all blocked behind a paywall. That’s why I say, with a heavy 15 , that TV has been ruined.
15．A．pace B．figure C．heart D．memory
考点六 考查利用生活常识解题
1.（2025年1月·浙江卷·节选）Ribeiro ___44___ ?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours.
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises
根据生活常识：享受了三道菜的一顿饭，再加上3个小时的服务，理应收取费用，故用charges。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention.
( )47.A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down
根据常识自然是弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends.
( )54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
根据常识，两人没见面之前自然是陌生人。
利用生活常识解题
跨文化思考意识是中学英语《新课程标准》中要求的基本准则之一。因此考生在备考过程中，应该有意识地利用有关资料，了解一些有关中西方文化差异的知识来完善自己的知识系统。完形填空题中有时就渗透着相关的，如科学、历史、文化、风俗民情等方面的知识。如果考生掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，就具备了一定的判断能力，可以大大简化复杂的分析过程和判断过程。这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要扩大阅读面，增强自己这方面的知识储备，避免常识性错误。同时，还要注意中西方文化的差异，避免出现汉语式表达或理解。
完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生的生活，涉及日常生活常识的试题就在所难免。所以考生在解题时，可以根据这些常识做出正确选择。
完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识：有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确地解题。
【总结方法】
生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着三者如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。能够根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。学生在把握全文意思的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。
1.（2025·广东省深圳市高三期末）
To a certain extent, “special forces style” tourism is just a(n) repetition of regular travel, where young people spend 24 hours in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list. By comparison, city walk allows people to explore a city freely without deliberately joining the crowds at popular tourist spots or waiting in 5 lines outside popular restaurants for hours.
5．A．quiet B．straight C．formal D．long
2.（2025·江苏省苏州市高三联考）
I was once troubled by scars. But now I find it funny when people are 1 of the scars they have on their bodies.
1．A．confident B．conscious C．ashamed D．independent
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