专题05 情态动词和虚拟语气
目录 01 模拟基础练 【题型一】单项选择考点综合练（最新模拟） 【题型二】单句语法填空考点综合练（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（语法填空） 03 真题实战练
题型一 单项选择考点综合练（最新模拟）
1．（2025·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学高三上月考）—Daddy, I dream to have an iPhone 6 plus for my birthday.
—Well, honey, you ________ have one, I promise.
A．must B．should C．shall D．might
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：—爸爸，我梦想生日能有一个iPhone 6 plus。—好吧，亲爱的，我保证你将得到一个。A. must必须；B. should应该；C. shall将要；D. might或许。shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中可以表示“许诺”。故选C。
2．（2025·天津市滨海新区大港第一中学高三期中）— No wonder you caught a cold. You ______ out last night without a coat.
— I know how silly I was.
A．shouldn’t have gone B．mustn’t have gone
C．couldn’t have gone D．needn’t have gone
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：——难怪你感冒了。你昨晚本不该不穿外套出去。——我知道我有多蠢了。shouldn’t+have+done表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了，含有指责对方或自责的含意。结合句意，故选A。
3．（2025·天津市滨海新区田家炳中学高三期中）According to the school rules, no student ______ go out of the school after eleven o’clock at night without the teacher’s permission.
A．will B．shall C．must D．should
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：根据学校规定，未经老师允许，学生晚上11点以后不得离开学校。A. will将会；B. shall应该，将要；C. must必须；D. should应该。用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，应用shall。故选B。
4．（2025·天津市天津市河北区高三期中）No matter when we were in trouble, he _________ always be the first to offer to help.
A．might B．could C．should D．would
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意：无论我们什么时候遇到困难，他总是第一个伸出援手。A 选项“might”表示“可能”，通常用于过去时态，表示可能性较小的推测。B选项“could”有“能够”的意思，既可以是过去时态的“can”，也可以表示“请求许可”或“可能性”。C 选项“should”意思是“应该”，常用来表示义务、责任或建议等。D选项“would”在这里是“will”的过去式，表示过去的一种习惯性的、反复发生的动作或意愿。结合句意可知，这里表达的是“无论我们什么时候有困难，他总是会第一个主动提供帮助”，强调的是过去他习惯性的行为。这种情况下，“would”符合语境，表示过去的习惯性动。故选D项。
5．（2025·天津市部分区高三上期中）There are many requirements that ________ be met before a sport can be considered by the international Olympic Committee (IOC) .
A．need B．can C．must D．will
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：在国际奥委会考虑一项运动之前，有许多要求必须满足。A. need需要；B. can能够；C. must必须；D. will将，会。结合常识和“before a sport can be considered by the international Olympic Committee”可知，在国际奥委会考虑一项运动之前，有一些“必须”要满足的要求，must符合题意。故选C项。
6．（2025·天津市第一中学高三月考）— Did Jim come
— I don’t know. He _________ while I was out.
A．might have come B．couldn’t have come
C．should have come D．needn’t have come
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：——Jim来了吗？——我不知道，我不在的时候他可能来过。A. might have come可能已经来了；B. couldn’t have come一定没来；C. should have come本应该来；D. needn’t have come本不需要来。根据“I don’t know”和“while I was out”可知，说话者不在的时候，Jim可能已经来过，但也不能确定。故选A项。
7．（2025·天津市北辰区高三期中）The sign over there reads, “No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette in this area.”
A．will B．shall C．may D．must
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：那边的告示牌上写着：“任何人不得在本区域吸烟或携带点燃的香烟。”A. will将会；B. shall将会，应该；C. may可能；D. must必须。“Shall”用于第二、三人称，表示意志、允诺、命令、威胁、警告等。在法律、条约、协定等文件中，表示义务、规定等。故选B。
8．（2025·天津市第四中学高三月考）The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ______ get a big prize.
A．shall B．may C．need D．must
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：这家新开的超市宣布，第一个在开业当天购买商品的人将获得大奖。A. shall将要；B. may能、也许；C. need需要；D. must必须。shall用于陈述句中的第二、三人称，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，此处表示超市的规定，即允诺。故选A。
9．（2025·天津市耀华中学高三月考）— Where will you start your work after graduation
— Mum, it’s not been decided yet. I ______ continue my study for a higher degree.
A．should B．must C．would D．might
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——毕业后你打算从哪里开始工作？——妈妈，还没决定呢。我可能会继续攻读一个更高的学位。A. shouldy 应该，表示责任或义务；B. must必须，一定，表示命令或肯定推测；C. would将会，用于过去将来时；D. might可能，表示可能性推测。根据it’s not been decided yet可知，还没有决定毕业后的事情，可能会继续攻读更高学位，这里表示可能性，应用might。故选D。
10．（2025·天津市南开大学附属中学高三月考）It was annoying that the engine ________ start in the freezing weather no matter how hard he tried!
A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：不管他怎么努力，引擎在这么冷的天气里就是发动不起来，真烦人！A. couldn’t不能够，侧重于能力上做不到；B. wouldn’t（过去持续的某种倾向）老是不，总是不；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. needn’t不必。根据“no matter how hard he tried!”可知，强调尽管努力了，但发动机就是发动不起来，有一种顽固、不情愿的意味。故选B。
11．（2025·天津市南仓中学高三月考）—Jack took the 8: 30 bus to Guangzhou this morning.
—Really He _________ 8: 20 Express. It is much more comfortable and faster to travel by train.
A．must have taken B．would have taken
C．need have taken D．could have taken
【答案】D
【解析】考查could have done用法。句意：——杰克今天早上乘八点半的公共汽车去广州。——真的吗？他本可以乘8点20分的快车。乘火车旅行更舒适，也更快。A. must have taken一定乘坐了；B. would have taken本来会乘坐；C. need have taken本需要做；D. could have taken本可以乘坐。根据“It is much more comfortable and faster to travel by train.”可知，此处指“他本可以乘8点20分的快车”，使用could have done，表示“本可以做而没做”，故选D。
12．（2025·天津市蓟州区第一中学高三学情调研）When I lived in Italy, I ________ often eat in the restaurant next to my flat.
A．would B．should C．must D．might
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：当我住在意大利的时候，我经常在我公寓旁边的餐厅吃饭。A. would过去常常；B. should应该；C. must必须；D. may可能。根据前文从句谓语动词lived可知，句子为一般过去时，空处需要选择一个合适的动词来表达过去的习惯性行为。故选A项。
13．（2025·云南师范大学实验中学高三开学检查）Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you ________ hear a thing.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：保护你的听力。不要等到你什么都听不见的时候。A. can’t不能；B. mustn’t禁止；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. needn’t不必。根据前句“保护你的听力”可知，此处指的是“不要等到什么都听不见”。can’t表示“不能”。故选A。
14．（2025·天津市弘毅中学高三第二次过程性诊断）The hospital is very old and can no longer serve the needs of the town. A new hospital _______ have been put up years ago.
A．may B．would C．should D．must
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这家医院非常老旧，已经不能满足镇上的需求。几年前就应该建一所新医院了。根据句意，表示“应该”用should，should have done表示“原本应该做某事而实际上未做”。故选C。
15．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）—Are you ________ your dog —Yes, but I can’t ________ it.
A．look for, find B．find, look for C．looking for, find D．finding, look for
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析，动词词义辨析和时态。句意：——你在找你的狗吗？——是的，但是我找不到。look for寻找；find找到。第一空所在句子表示“你是否正在寻找你的狗”，第一空意为“寻找”，表示找的过程，且用现在进行时，表示正在寻找，因此第一空是looking for；第二空所在句子表示结果，表示找不到，因此第二空是find。故选C。
16．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）— I ________ find my keys.
— Have you checked in your jacket pockets
A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——我找不到我的钥匙。——你检查过你的夹克口袋吗？A. mustn’t绝对禁止；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. can’t不可能；D. wouldn’t不会。结合语意，让查看夹克口袋说明当时不能找到钥匙，应用can’t do结构，表示不能做。故选C项。
17．（2025·天津市河北区模拟检测）—Must I return the book tomorrow
—No, you _________. You can keep it until next Thursday.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．dare not
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——我明天必须还书吗 ——不，你不必。你可以借到下周四。must表示“必须”，构成的一般疑问句，肯定回答用yes, you must，否定语回答用no, you needn’t或者no, you don’t have to。故选B项。
18．（2025·天津市南开区高三第二次质量监测）They queued (排队) for two hours for nothing. They _________ have been told the tickets were sold out.
A．would B．may C．must D．should
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他们白白排队两个小时。他们本应该被告知票已经卖完了。A. would将会；B. may可能；C. must必须；D. should应该。根据空后have been told the tickets were sold out以及常识可知，他们本应该被告知票已经卖完了，这样他们就不需要白白排队两个小时，空处应用should，should have done结构表示“本应该做某事却没做”，符合题意。故选D项。
19．（2025·天津市十二区重点学校高三毕业班联考（二））—Could you give me a ride to the airport I’m going to be late.
— Come with me. I’ll take the nearest route and you ______ be in time for your flight.
A．shall B．need C．dare D．have to
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：——你能送我去机场吗？我要迟到了。——跟我来。我会走最近的路线，你应该能赶上你的航班。A. shall应该；B. need需要；C. dare敢；D. have to必须。根据句意，此处表示说话人对将来的一种推测或者预测，用shall。故选A。
20．（2025·天津市和平区高三下学期第二次模拟）—Jimmy, how did your final exam go
—I thought I_______, but the result was not so bad.
A．might have failed B．shall have failed
C．should have failed D．must have failed
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：——吉米，你期末考试怎么样？——我想我可能会失败，但结果并不是那么糟糕。A. might have failed可能会失败；B. shall have failed将会失败；C. should have failed应该会失败；D. must have failed肯定失败了。根据but the result was not so bad可知，作者本以为自己可能会失败，但是结果还可以。故选A。
21．（2025·甘肃省兰州第一中学高三开学）We desire that our school ______ more activities like this, which can not only relieve our great study pressure but also broaden our horizons.
A．organised B．organises C．organise D．is organising
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们希望学校组织更多这样的活动，这不仅能缓解我们巨大的学习压力，还能开阔我们的视野。desire后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，表示“希望某人做某事”，结构为“desire that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形”，本空用动词organise“组织”的原形。故选C。
22．（2024·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）They suggest that clever children________ their exams early.
A．take B．took C．takes D．will take
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们建议聪明的孩子提前参加考试。suggest 表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略，空白处应填take，故选A。
23．（2024·山东省济南市高三春季高考（二模））If I were you, I ______the chance to go abroad.
A．will seize B．would have seize C．seize D．would seize
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是你，我会抓住出国的机会。根据从句If I were you可知，这里是If引导的虚拟条件句，表示对现在情况的虚拟，主句的谓语应用would do的形式。故选D。
24．（2025·广东省中山市华侨中学高三第六次模拟）If he ______ hard at high school, he ______ a college student now.
A．studied; is B．had studied; is C．studied; would be D．had studied; would be
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他在高中时努力学习的话，他现在就是一名大学生了。study“学习”，be“是”。结合句意可知，If引导的条件状语从句，是对过去的假设，从句时态用过去完成时，用had studied；而主句是对现在的假设，时态用过去将来时，用would be。故选D。
25．（2025·广东省东莞市北辰高级中学高三开学）He might have already recovered from his illness ________ the fact that he didn’t follow the doctor’s advice.
A．if it was not for B．were it not for C．if it should not be for D．had it not been for
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为他没有听从医生的建议，他可能已经康复了。由主句中的might have recovered可知，这是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，所以if条件句中应该用过去完成时态，即if it had not been for...，在if引导的条件句中，如果if被省略，则把had提前，变为had it not been for...，故选D。
26．（2025·广东省东莞市北辰高级中学高三开学考）The surgeon recommended the patient ________ in no time.
A．to be operated B．operate on C．should operate D．be operated on
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：外科医生建议病人马上动手术。英语中表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略；分析句子可知，“the patient ________ in no time”是动词recommended(建议)后宾语从句，应使用虚拟语气；从句中谓语operate on(给……动手术)与主语patient(病人)之间是被动关系，用虚拟语气和被动语态形式should be operated on，should可省略。故选D项。
27．（2025·陕西省西安中学高三期末）It is strongly recommended that the machine ______ maintained every year for safety reasons.
A．be B．will be C．is D．has been
【答案】A
【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：出于安全考虑，强烈建议每年对机器进行维护。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查that引导的主语从句的谓语动词，前面有recommend，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略，be是动词原形。故选A。
28．（2025·黑龙江省大庆实验中学实验阶段考试（二））He suggested that the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A．referred to being B．referring to being C．referred to be D．referring to be
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意：他建议应该要对涉及到的问题给予重视。分析句子成分可知，suggested后为that引导的宾语从句，从句应用虚拟语气(should) do，又因宾语从句的主语为the problems，所以谓语动词应为(should) be paid；refer to“涉及，提到”与the problems是被动关系，应为过去分词形式作后置定语修饰前面的名词the problems。故选C。
29．（2025·陕西省西安中学高三月考）I would rather Tom ______ to see me in the office instead of at home tomorrow.
A．would come B．had come C．came D．is coming
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿汤姆明天来办公室找我，而不是在家里。would rather后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，根据后文tomorrow可知表示与将来事实相反用一般过去时，应用came。故选C。
30．（2025·天津市北辰区高三第一次联考）—I failed in the interview, because I didn’t introduce myself completely within three minutes.
—You___________ the details. The main points are more important than details.
A．should omit B．must omit C．should have omitted D．must have omitted
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：——我面试失败了，因为我没有在三分钟内完成自我介绍。——你本应该省略这些细节的。要点比细节更重要。对过去事情的虚拟或推测用“情态动词+have done”。should have done sth“本应该做某事”，表示实际上没有做。must have done sth“一定做了某事”，表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。由句意可知，本句是对过去事情的虚拟，故排除选项A和B；面试失败了，所以是“本应该省略一些细节的”，故填should have omitted。故选C。
题型二 单句语法填空考点综合练（最新模拟）
31．（2025·吉林省东北师范大学附属中学高三第一次摸底） I live out of town, I would take up gardening as a hobby.
【答案】Should
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我住在城外，我会把园艺当作一种爱好。这是一个虚拟语气的句子，表示不太可能实现的愿望，在虚拟语气中，句首Should+主语+动词原形，常用来表示与现在事实相反的假设，故填Should。
32．The proposal that we (raise) public awareness of heritage protection is worth (consider).
【答案】 (should) raise considering
【解析】考查虚拟语气和固定短语。句意：我们应提高公众对遗产保护的意识的建议值得考虑。第一个空“proposal”后的同位语从句应使用虚拟语气“The proposal that sb. (should) do sth.”；第二个空考查固定短语“be worth doing”，表示“某事值得做”。故填①(should) raise；②considering。
33．If I (be) a bird, I could fly in the sky freely.
【答案】were
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是一只鸟，我就能在天空自由地飞翔。句子表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，条件状语从句中用一般过去时，be动词用were。故填were。
34．（2025·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三期中）If the new safety system (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
【答案】had been put
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果新的安全系统被投入使用，事故就不会发生了。此处是条件状语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，从句中用过去完成时had done，主句用would have done。在从句中the new safety system与put to use之间是被动关系，故填had been put。
35．It’s surprising that James insisted that she (come) downtown to explain this.
【答案】come/should come
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：令人惊讶的是，詹姆斯坚持要她到市中心来解释这件事。句中that引导的从句为insisted（坚持要求）后的宾语从句，因此that从句中需使用虚拟语气，即insist +that +should+动词原形，其中should可以省略，主语she与come是主动关系，因此需要使用主动语态，即come或should come。故填come/should come。
36．The doctor advised Vera strongly that she (operate) on at once.
【答案】should be operated/be operated
【解析】考查动词语态和虚拟语气用法。句意：医生强烈建议薇拉马上动手术。分析句子可知，该句为动词advised表示“建议”后接that引导的宾语从句，从句中需用虚拟语气用法，即(should ) do sth；she和operate为被动关系，所以为(should ) be done形式。故填(should ) be operated。
37．If I (be) in your position, I would make a very different decision.
【答案】were
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我处在你的位置，我会做出一个非常不同的决定。根据句意以及主句中的谓语动词would make 可知，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，if从句中的谓语动词应使用动词过去式，be动词的过去式在虚拟语气中用were。故填were。
38．（2025·黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学高三期中）Had he not apologized to her, she would not have (forgive) him.
【答案】forgiven
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：如果没有向她道歉，她就不会原谅他。此句是省略If的非真实条件句，与过去的事实相反，省略if的条件状语从句需部分倒装，主句谓语动词为“would have +过去分词”，forgive的过去分词为forgiven。故填forgiven。
39．（2025·黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学高三期中）They request that all the cleaning work (finish) this morning.
【答案】should be finished/be finished
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求今天早上所有的清洁工作应该被完成。request表示“要求”，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语部分使用“（should）+动词原形”，且work和finish之间是被动关系。故答案为(should) be finished。
40． there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
【答案】Were
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是没有现代化的通讯，我们将不得不等待若干个星期才能获得来自世界各地的消息。结合“we would have to”可知，句子使用了虚拟语气，“要是没有现代化的通讯”是对现在情况的一种假设，故从句中使用一般过去时，省略if后把were提到从句主语之前，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Were。
41．If I (take) had taken your advice yesterday, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
【答案】had taken
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我按照你的建议去做，我不可能考试不及格。根据下文“I wouldn’t have made a mistake(我不可能考试不及格)”可知本句使用了虚拟语气用法，根据时间状语yesterday可知本句使用的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词应使用had done的形式。故填had taken。
42．Sorry, I’m too busy now. If I (have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
【答案】had
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：抱歉，我现在太忙了。要是我有时间，我肯定会和你一起出去郊游。根据上文“ I’m too busy now(我现在很忙)”可知，此处是对现在情况的虚拟，if 从句要用一般过去时，故填 had。
43．If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t (fail) in the exam.
【答案】have failed
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。结合语境，主从句与过去的事实相反，应用虚拟语气，主句谓语使用would have done结构，且是否定形式。故填have failed。
44．---- Why are your eyes so red You have slept well last night.
---- Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.
【答案】can’t/ couldn’t
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：—为什么你的眼睛这么红？你昨晚一定没睡好。—是的，我熬夜写报告。根据句意可知这是表示对过去事情的推测，而且很有把握，表示不可能做过某事，一定没做过某事，用can’t/ couldn’t have done sth.故填can’t/ couldn’t。
45．There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily, Chinese children not learn all of them for everyday purpose.
【答案】need
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：现代汉语有5万多个汉字，但幸运的是，中国孩子不需要学习所有的汉字。根据空后为“not learn”可知，此处应使用情态动词，结合句意以及上文中的“There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily”可知，现代汉语有5万多个汉字，下文讲述的事情对孩子来说是幸运的，由此可知，此处应表示“不需要”学习所有的汉字，所以此处应为need。故填need。
46．Whatever your field be, it’s very important to create a good habit to read beyond your horizons.
【答案】may/might
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：无论你的领域可能是什么，养成阅读超出领域范围的东西的好习惯是非常重要的。根据句意可知，此处表示“也许， 可能”，故填may/might。
47．She (participate) in the activity, for she was doing paperwork in the office then.
【答案】couldn’t have participated
【解析】考查情态动词的推测用法。句意：她不可能参加这个活动，因为那时她正在办公室做文书工作。根据连词for可知，上下文是因果关系，结合“she was doing paperwork in the office then”可推知，因为那时她正在办公室做文书工作，所以她不可能参加了这个活动；表示对过去情况否定推测，用couldn’t have done...“(过去)不可能做过……”。故填couldn’t have participated。
48．Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you always rely just on the Internet for your research.
【答案】shouldn’t
【解析】考查情态动词的否定形式。句意：但是，请记住，您通常应该参考不同类型的资料来源。也就是说，你不应该总是仅仅依赖互联网来做研究。根据前文you should usually consult different types of sources. 可知，后文always rely just on the Internet for your research是对前一句的进一步解释，空处应用should的否定形式shouldn’t表示“不应该”。故填shouldn’t。
49．Something as simple as drinking some cold water may clear your mind and ( relief) pressure.
【答案】relieve
【解析】考查动词。句意：一些简单的事情，比如喝一些冷水，可以让你的头脑清醒，缓解压力。作谓语，应用动词relieve，且may后跟动词原形。故填relieve。
51．I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I shouldn’t (eat) so much fried chicken just now.
【答案】have eaten
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的胃不舒服。我刚才不应该吃那么多炸鸡。根据“so much fried chicken just now”可知，此处是指刚才不应该吃那么多炸鸡，shouldn’t have done意为“本不应该做某事”，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故填have eaten。
52．The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt that he could (express) it indirectly.
【答案】have expressed
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：发言人对他在会上所说的话并不后悔，只是觉得他本可以间接地表达出来。根据“The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt”可知，此处是指他本可以间接地表达出来，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以应用could have done表示“本可以做某事”。动词express意为“表达”。故填have expressed。
53．Your cousin have enjoyed his trip in Jixian County, didn’t he He looks amazingly different.
【答案】must
【解析】考查must have done用法。句意：你表弟在蓟县的旅行一定很愉快，不是吗？他看起来很不一样。根据He looks amazingly different.可知，此处是对过去肯定的推测，表示“一定做了某事”，使用must have done，故填must。
54．When we worked in the same firm several years ago, we go to the cinema together every weekend.
【答案】would
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：几年前我们在同一家公司工作时，每个周末我们都会一起去看电影。分析句子结构可知，空后为动词原形，所以此处应为情态动词，根据句意以及上文中的“When we worked in the same firm several years ago”可知，此处表示“过去总是”一起去看电影，所以此处使用情态动词would。故填would。
55．If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I wouldn’t (be) where I am.
【答案】be
【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：如果我没有面对这么多的障碍，我就不会有今天的成就。分析句子结构可知，此空位于wouldn’t之后，所以使用动词原形与wouldn’t构成主句的谓语。故填be。
56．He have finished writing the paper. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes ago.
【答案】can’t
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：他不可能写完论文。50分钟前我离开他时，他一个字也没写。分析句子结构可知，空后为动词原形have，由此可知，此处应为情态动词，根据下文中的“He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes ago.”可知，50分钟前离开时，他还没有写一个字，由此可知推断，此处表示他“不可能”写完论文。故填can’t。
57．Only by talking face to face we have the chance to persuade him to change his mind.
【答案】can
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：只有通过面对面交谈，我们才有机会说服他改变主意。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用情态动词can“能够”表示可能性，和动词原形have构成复合谓语，only+状语位于句首，句子使用部分倒装，把情态动词can提到了主语we的前面。故填can。
题型一 语法填空
Passage 1（情态动词和虚拟语气考点语篇练）
Tom and Peter are twins. They look as if they 1.__________ (be) the same person. Both the two boys are smart, but Tom is hard－working while Peter is lazy. Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn't. However, people believe if Peter 2.__________ (work) as hard as Tom, he would do as well as his brother in his study.
At home, their parents suggest that they 3.__________ (finish) their homework before playing computer games. But Peter insists that it 4.__________ (be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time. Their mother gives in in the end.
One day, when doing his homework, Tom found he made a serious mistake. So he put his exercise book aside and used another one. When Peter found the previous exercise book, he struck out Tom's name and signed his name on its cover happily, and handed it in as his own homework the next day.
When the teacher told the truth to the twins' mother, She was very angry and shouted at Peter, “How I wish you 5.__________ (be) as diligent as your brother! Now it's time that I 6.__________ (give) you a good lesson. And you 7.__________ play any computer games for a month！”
“Oh, no! Mom. 8.__________ a computer for such a long time, I would die. I would rather you 9.__________ (ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.” Peter was upset.
“If you 10.__________ (finish) your homework on time yesterday, you wouldn't be punished now，” said the mother.
1．were 此处应用虚拟语气，主句谓语动词look与as if从句谓语动词be没有先后顺序，故设空处用were。
2．worked 句意：人们认为如果彼得像汤姆那样努力学习，在学习上他会和汤姆一样好。根据句意可知if从句为表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为worked。
3．(should)finish suggest作“建议”讲，后面宾语从句的谓语动词需用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
4．is 本句中的insist意为“坚持认为”，故用陈述语气。当insist作“坚决要求”讲时才用虚拟语气，即其宾语从句的谓语动词为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
5．were wish后的宾语从句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故填were。
6．gave/should give “It is time＋that从句”，that从句的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形。
7．mustn't此处表示“禁止”，故答案为mustn't。
8．Without句意：如果那么长时间不玩电脑，我会死掉的。
9．asked 由would rather sb did sth可知填asked。
10．had finished 本句中的if从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为had finished。
Passage 2（情态动词考点语篇练）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）（2025·江苏省淮安市清江浦区江苏省淮阴中学一模）
There is one single seasonal food 1 (favour) by Shanghai’s food lovers above all others: the sweet flesh and creamy roe (蟹黄) of hairy crab (大闸蟹). In early autumn 2 the weather is pleasant, Shanghai locals start to pay attention to the market for the hairy crab, and once the hairy crab season really 3 (start), it’s a nonstop three-month-long feast.
The best crabs appear early— in the 4 (nine) lunar month for females, when the roe is at its peak, and in the tenth lunar month for males, when the flesh is at its 5 (sweet). I don’t think the flesh is delicious, 6 the roe, which makes your lips and fingers yellow, is a worthy prize: it is 7 (amazing ) rich, with the flavor of egg yolk.
It is said that Shaoxing wine is often drunk with the crab, perfectly 8 (balance) the cooling properties of the crab in traditional Chinese medicine. It’s hard to beat dining on hairy crab in one of the many restaurants around the edge of Yangcheng Lake, an hour’s drive northwest of Shanghai, where the best crabs can 9 (find) — heavy for their size, with the flesh clean and the females full of roe. On a clear autumn day, you can drink cold beer sitting outside at a plastic- covered table. The table may be a mess when hairy crabs are enjoyed, but the tasty food is worth 10 .
【答案】
1．favoured 2．when 3．starts 4．ninth 5．sweetest 6．but 7．amazingly 8．balancing 9．be found 10．it
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人间美食——大闸蟹。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：有一种当季食物是上海美食爱好者最喜欢的，那就是大闸蟹香甜的肉和奶油般的蟹黄。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填favoured。
2．考查定语从句。句意：在初秋天气宜人的时候，上海当地人开始关注大闸蟹市场，大闸蟹季节真正开始后，这是一场持续三个月的盛宴。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词autumn是时间，因此空格处用关系副词when，故填when。
3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在初秋天气宜人的时候，上海当地人开始关注大闸蟹市场，大闸蟹季节真正开始后，这是一场持续三个月的盛宴。由it’s可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语season是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填starts。
4．考查序数词。句意：最好的螃蟹出现得早——雌蟹在农历九月的时候，卵是最丰满的；雄蟹在农历十月的时候，肉是最甜的。空前有the，空格处用序数词ninth，故填ninth。
5．考查最高级。句意：最好的螃蟹出现得早——雌蟹在农历九月的时候，卵是最丰满的；雄蟹在农历十月的时候，肉是最甜的。根据语境可知，句子表示“雄蟹在农历十月的时候，肉是最甜的”，空格处用最高级sweetest。故填sweetest。
6．考查连词。句意：我觉得蟹肉不好吃，但能让你的嘴唇和手指发黄的蟹黄是一个值得品尝的东西：它的味道非常丰富，有蛋黄的味道。由“I don’t think the flesh is delicious”和“the roe, which makes your lips and fingers yellow, is a worthy prize”可知，前后句子是转折关系，因此空格处用but，故填but。
7．考查副词。句意：我觉得蟹肉不好吃，但能让你的嘴唇和手指发黄的蟹黄是一个值得品尝的东西：它的味道非常丰富，有蛋黄的味道。空格处用副词amazingly修饰形容词rich，amazingly意为“令人惊讶地”。故填amazingly。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，绍兴酒经常和螃蟹一起喝，完美地平衡了螃蟹在中医中的寒凉特性。句中谓语是is often drunk，空格处用非谓语动词，用现在分词表结果，故填balancing。
9．考查被动语态。句意：在上海西北一小时车程的阳澄湖边，你很难在众多餐馆里找到一顿大闸蟹，在那里你可以找到最好的螃蟹——以它们的大小来说很重，肉很干净，雌蟹满是卵。大闸蟹是被找到，句子用被动语态，空前有情态动词can，空格处用be found。故填be found。
10．考查代词。句意：当人们享用大闸蟹时，餐桌上可能一片狼藉，但美味的食物是值得的。空格处用it指代前面“The table may be a mess when hairy crabs are enjoyed”这件事情，表示美味的食物是值得你把餐桌弄得一片狼藉的，故填it。
语法填空（单句语法填空）
1．（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ (have) a good time together.
【答案】would have had
【解析】would have had考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故填would have had。
2.（2018天津卷）I can't find my purse. I could ___________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
【答案】have left
【解析】考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故填have left。
3.（2018天津卷）If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
【答案】 had caught
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用had + v-ed。故填had caught。
4．(2022·北京高考)He ________ have been waiting there for quite a while!
【答案】must
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：他肯定等了很久，表示十分肯定的猜测。故填must。
5．(2021·天津高考)It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
【答案】could
【解析】查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开车走了几英里，都看不到人，但现在到处都是房子和人。此处表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能”，应用could。故填could。
6．“We have a biological need to sleep—it's a behavior we ________ do every day，” says Christopher.
【答案】must
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：“我们有睡眠的生理需求——这是我们每天都必须做的行为，”克里斯托弗说。此处表示必须。故填must。
7．Had you listened to the doctor, you ________ (be) all right now.
【答案】would be
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了医生的话，你现在就好了。本句是if的错综虚拟条件句。从句部分为与过去事实相反的假设，省略if后，助动词had置于句首。根据主句的时间状语now可知，主句部分应与现在事实相反。故填would be。
8．Without us, your CD players, televisions, radios and computers ________ (not work)．
【答案】wouldn't work
【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据Without可知，此处为without引起的含蓄条件句，表示与现在事实相反。故填wouldn't work。
9．In fact, even if you ________ (be) to exercise for the sake of your mind alone, it would be well worth doing.
【答案】were
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：事实上，即使你只是为了你的头脑而锻炼，那也是值得的。表示对将来情况的虚拟，主句谓语使用了would＋动词原形，条件状语从句用were＋to do表示。故填were。
10．Just as if he ________ (take) his own son to do some shopping, Fontenot got Tamarion new clothes and shoes, and shared words of wisdom with him.
【答案】were taking
【解析】考查虚拟语气。as if后面的从句表示与现在事实相反的情况，谓语动词用过去式(be往往用were)。此处表示正在进行的动作，应用进行时。故填were taking。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题05 情态动词和虚拟语气
目录 01 模拟基础练 【题型一】单项选择考点综合练（最新模拟） 【题型二】单句语法填空考点综合练（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（语法填空） 03 真题实战练
题型一 单项选择考点综合练（最新模拟）
1．（2025·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学高三上月考）—Daddy, I dream to have an iPhone 6 plus for my birthday.
—Well, honey, you ________ have one, I promise.
A．must B．should C．shall D．might
2．（2025·天津市滨海新区大港第一中学高三期中）— No wonder you caught a cold. You ______ out last night without a coat.
— I know how silly I was.
A．shouldn’t have gone B．mustn’t have gone
C．couldn’t have gone D．needn’t have gone
3．（2025·天津市滨海新区田家炳中学高三期中）According to the school rules, no student ______ go out of the school after eleven o’clock at night without the teacher’s permission.
A．will B．shall C．must D．should
4．（2025·天津市天津市河北区高三期中）No matter when we were in trouble, he _________ always be the first to offer to help.
A．might B．could C．should D．would
5．（2025·天津市部分区高三上期中）There are many requirements that ________ be met before a sport can be considered by the international Olympic Committee (IOC) .
A．need B．can C．must D．will
6．（2025·天津市第一中学高三月考）— Did Jim come
— I don’t know. He _________ while I was out.
A．might have come B．couldn’t have come
C．should have come D．needn’t have come
7．（2025·天津市北辰区高三期中）The sign over there reads, “No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette in this area.”
A．will B．shall C．may D．must
8．（2025·天津市第四中学高三月考）The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ______ get a big prize.
A．shall B．may C．need D．must
9．（2025·天津市耀华中学高三月考）— Where will you start your work after graduation
— Mum, it’s not been decided yet. I ______ continue my study for a higher degree.
A．should B．must C．would D．might
10．（2025·天津市南开大学附属中学高三月考）It was annoying that the engine ________ start in the freezing weather no matter how hard he tried!
A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
11．（2025·天津市南仓中学高三月考）—Jack took the 8: 30 bus to Guangzhou this morning.
—Really He _________ 8: 20 Express. It is much more comfortable and faster to travel by train.
A．must have taken B．would have taken
C．need have taken D．could have taken
12．（2025·天津市蓟州区第一中学高三学情调研）When I lived in Italy, I ________ often eat in the restaurant next to my flat.
A．would B．should C．must D．might
13．（2025·云南师范大学实验中学高三开学检查）Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you ________ hear a thing.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
14．（2025·天津市弘毅中学高三第二次过程性诊断）The hospital is very old and can no longer serve the needs of the town. A new hospital _______ have been put up years ago.
A．may B．would C．should D．must
15．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）—Are you ________ your dog —Yes, but I can’t ________ it.
A．look for, find B．find, look for C．looking for, find D．finding, look for
16．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）— I ________ find my keys.
— Have you checked in your jacket pockets
A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
17．（2025·天津市河北区模拟检测）—Must I return the book tomorrow
—No, you _________. You can keep it until next Thursday.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．dare not
18．（2025·天津市南开区高三第二次质量监测）They queued (排队) for two hours for nothing. They _________ have been told the tickets were sold out.
A．would B．may C．must D．should
19．（2025·天津市十二区重点学校高三毕业班联考（二））—Could you give me a ride to the airport I’m going to be late.
— Come with me. I’ll take the nearest route and you ______ be in time for your flight.
A．shall B．need C．dare D．have to
20．（2025·天津市和平区高三下学期第二次模拟）—Jimmy, how did your final exam go
—I thought I_______, but the result was not so bad.
A．might have failed B．shall have failed
C．should have failed D．must have failed
21．（2025·甘肃省兰州第一中学高三开学）We desire that our school ______ more activities like this, which can not only relieve our great study pressure but also broaden our horizons.
A．organised B．organises C．organise D．is organising
22．（2024·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）They suggest that clever children________ their exams early.
A．take B．took C．takes D．will take
23．（2024·山东省济南市高三春季高考（二模））If I were you, I ______the chance to go abroad.
A．will seize B．would have seize C．seize D．would seize
24．（2025·广东省中山市华侨中学高三第六次模拟）If he ______ hard at high school, he ______ a college student now.
A．studied; is B．had studied; is C．studied; would be D．had studied; would be
25．（2025·广东省东莞市北辰高级中学高三开学）He might have already recovered from his illness ________ the fact that he didn’t follow the doctor’s advice.
A．if it was not for B．were it not for C．if it should not be for D．had it not been for
26．（2025·广东省东莞市北辰高级中学高三开学考）The surgeon recommended the patient ________ in no time.
A．to be operated B．operate on C．should operate D．be operated on
27．（2025·陕西省西安中学高三期末）It is strongly recommended that the machine ______ maintained every year for safety reasons.
A．be B．will be C．is D．has been
28．（2025·黑龙江省大庆实验中学实验阶段考试（二））He suggested that the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A．referred to being B．referring to being
C．referred to be D．referring to be
29．（2025·陕西省西安中学高三月考）I would rather Tom ______ to see me in the office instead of at home tomorrow.
A．would come B．had come C．came D．is coming
30．（2025·天津市北辰区高三第一次联考）—I failed in the interview, because I didn’t introduce myself completely within three minutes.
—You___________ the details. The main points are more important than details.
A．should omit B．must omit C．should have omitted D．must have omitted
题型二 单句语法填空考点综合练（最新模拟）
31．（2025·吉林省东北师范大学附属中学高三第一次摸底） I live out of town, I would take up gardening as a hobby.
32．The proposal that we (raise) public awareness of heritage protection is worth (consider).
33．If I (be) a bird, I could fly in the sky freely.
34．（2025·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三期中）If the new safety system (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
35．It’s surprising that James insisted that she (come) downtown to explain this.
36．The doctor advised Vera strongly that she (operate) on at once.
37．If I (be) in your position, I would make a very different decision.
38．（2025·黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学高三期中）Had he not apologized to her, she would not have (forgive) him.
39．（2025·黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学高三期中）They request that all the cleaning work (finish) this morning.
40． there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
41．If I (take) had taken your advice yesterday, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
42．Sorry, I’m too busy now. If I (have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
43．If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t (fail) in the exam.
44．---- Why are your eyes so red You have slept well last night.
---- Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.
45．There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily, Chinese children not learn all of them for everyday purpose.
46．Whatever your field be, it’s very important to create a good habit to read beyond your horizons.
47．She (participate) in the activity, for she was doing paperwork in the office then.
48．Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you always rely just on the Internet for your research.
49．Something as simple as drinking some cold water may clear your mind and ( relief) pressure.
51．I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I shouldn’t (eat) so much fried chicken just now.
52．The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt that he could (express) it indirectly.
53．Your cousin have enjoyed his trip in Jixian County, didn’t he He looks amazingly different.
54．When we worked in the same firm several years ago, we go to the cinema together every weekend.
55．If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I wouldn’t (be) where I am.
56．He have finished writing the paper. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes ago.
57．Only by talking face to face we have the chance to persuade him to change his mind.
题型一 语法填空
Passage 1（情态动词和虚拟语气考点语篇练）
Tom and Peter are twins. They look as if they 1.__________ (be) the same person. Both the two boys are smart, but Tom is hard－working while Peter is lazy. Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn't. However, people believe if Peter 2.__________ (work) as hard as Tom, he would do as well as his brother in his study.
At home, their parents suggest that they 3.__________ (finish) their homework before playing computer games. But Peter insists that it 4.__________ (be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time. Their mother gives in in the end.
One day, when doing his homework, Tom found he made a serious mistake. So he put his exercise book aside and used another one. When Peter found the previous exercise book, he struck out Tom's name and signed his name on its cover happily, and handed it in as his own homework the next day.
When the teacher told the truth to the twins' mother, She was very angry and shouted at Peter, “How I wish you 5.__________ (be) as diligent as your brother! Now it's time that I 6.__________ (give) you a good lesson. And you 7.__________ play any computer games for a month！”
“Oh, no! Mom. 8.__________ a computer for such a long time, I would die. I would rather you 9.__________ (ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.” Peter was upset.
“If you 10.__________ (finish) your homework on time yesterday, you wouldn't be punished now，” said the mother.
Passage 2（情态动词考点语篇练）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）（2025·江苏省淮安市清江浦区江苏省淮阴中学一模）
There is one single seasonal food 1 (favour) by Shanghai’s food lovers above all others: the sweet flesh and creamy roe (蟹黄) of hairy crab (大闸蟹). In early autumn 2 the weather is pleasant, Shanghai locals start to pay attention to the market for the hairy crab, and once the hairy crab season really 3 (start), it’s a nonstop three-month-long feast.
The best crabs appear early— in the 4 (nine) lunar month for females, when the roe is at its peak, and in the tenth lunar month for males, when the flesh is at its 5 (sweet). I don’t think the flesh is delicious, 6 the roe, which makes your lips and fingers yellow, is a worthy prize: it is 7 (amazing ) rich, with the flavor of egg yolk.
It is said that Shaoxing wine is often drunk with the crab, perfectly 8 (balance) the cooling properties of the crab in traditional Chinese medicine. It’s hard to beat dining on hairy crab in one of the many restaurants around the edge of Yangcheng Lake, an hour’s drive northwest of Shanghai, where the best crabs can 9 (find) — heavy for their size, with the flesh clean and the females full of roe. On a clear autumn day, you can drink cold beer sitting outside at a plastic- covered table. The table may be a mess when hairy crabs are enjoyed, but the tasty food is worth 10 .
语法填空（单句语法填空）
1．（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ (have) a good time together.
2.（2018天津卷）I can't find my purse. I could ___________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
3.（2018天津卷）If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
4．(2022·北京高考)He ________ have been waiting there for quite a while!
5．(2021·天津高考)It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
6．“We have a biological need to sleep—it's a behavior we ________ do every day，” says Christopher.
7．Had you listened to the doctor, you ________ (be) all right now.
8．Without us, your CD players, televisions, radios and computers ________ (not work)．
9．In fact, even if you ________ (be) to exercise for the sake of your mind alone, it would be well worth doing.
10．Just as if he ________ (take) his own son to do some shopping, Fontenot got Tamarion new clothes and shoes, and shared words of wisdom with him.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
