专题02 冠词和代词
目录 01 模拟基础练（单句语法填空） 【题型一】冠词考点综合练（最新模拟） 【题型二】代词考点综合练（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（完形填空和语法填空） 03 真题实战练
题型一 冠词考点综合练
1.（2025·河北省衡水中学第一次综合素养测评）The recent opening of a new exhibition building at the Sanxingdui Museum, in Guanghan, in Sichuan province, made the place instant tourist hot spot.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：最近，位于四川广汉的三星堆博物馆的新展览馆开放，使这个地方立即成为旅游热点。此处spot为泛指，且instant是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
2.（2025·安徽省安庆市第一中学模拟）We entered the Year of the Dragon. Or should that be the Year of the Loong That is a question that has been subject for debate in China, as some say there is a difference between the two in Chinese and Western mythology.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这是一个在中国一直存在争议的问题，因为有人说这两者在中国和西方神话中是有区别的。此处泛指“一个问题”，且subject以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
3.（2025·山东省第一次备考监测联考）Even today, the Silk Road remains a major attraction, drawing tourists from China and around ________ world.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：直到今天，丝绸之路仍然是一个重要的景点，吸引着来自中国和世界各地的游客。around the world是固定表达，表示“全世界”。故填the。
4.（2025·安徽省皖豫名校联盟高三十月联考）Besides live performances, Hu also showed how suona fitted in with various musical pieces in ________ impressive way, offering the local audience a valuable opportunity to experience the Chinese musical instrument.
【答案】an
【解析】 an考查冠词。句意：除了现场表演，胡还以一种令人印象深刻的方式展示了唢呐如何与各种乐曲相配，为当地观众提供了一个宝贵的机会来体验中国传统乐器。此处表示泛指“一种令人印象深刻的方式”，且impressive以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
5.（2025·广东省佛山市H7联盟高三摸底联考）In the vast and wind-swept steppes of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, there exists a great connection between the people and their music. The connection is presented by the appealing melodies(旋律) of the morin khuur, two-stringed instrument often referred to as the horse-headed fiddle (琴).
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这种联系通过morin khuur的迷人旋律展现出来，它是一种两弦乐器，通常被称为马头琴。泛指“一种两弦乐器”，且two首字母的发音为辅音音素，冠词为a。故填a。
6.（2025·江苏省南京市六校联合体期中）The animated movie Chang’an turned out to be great hit in the summer season in 2023.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：动画电影《长安》在2023年暑期档大获成功。泛指“一次成功的事”，用不定冠词，且great首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
7.（2025·河南省部分学校高三大联考）Moutai is a strong, clear spirit drink, a brand of Baijiu that’s distilled (蒸馏) from fermented sorghum(发酵的高粱), wheat, and water from the Chishui River. Its unique flavor has survived centuries of change in China, from the Qing Dynasty to 21st century.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。从清朝到21世纪，它的独特风味在中国经历了几个世纪的变化。设空处后为序数词21st，空处需填定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。
8.（2025·江苏省徐州市第七中学高三月考）Made in 18- step process from the bark (树皮) of the wingceltis (青檀) tree and rice straw, the paper is snow- white, soft and absorbent (吸水的) .
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：宣纸是由青檀树皮和稻草经过十八道工序制作而成，纸张雪白、柔软且吸水性强。单数可数名词“process”前面用冠词来修饰，表示“一个十八道的工序”需用不定冠词，另外“18- step”元音音节开头。故填an。
9.（2025·沧州市普通高中高三复习质量监测）Shi Xin, 34, owner of Plant X, ____41____ online store that mainly sells tropical (热带的) plants, said“Growing tropical plants is like buying designer toys for many young consumers, and they recognize the value of such plants.
【答案】an
【解析】 an考查冠词。句意：石鑫，34岁，Plant X的店主，这是一家主要销售热带植物的网店。分析句子可知，空处所在句子为插入语，解释空前的Plant X，表泛指“一个”应用不定冠词，而online以元音音素开头，要用an。故填an。
10.（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三上学期8月摸底）_______usage of social media by consumers and influencers also increased product demand for bubble tea in the Asia Pacific region.
【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。句意： 消费者和网红对社交媒体的使用也增加了亚太地区对珍珠奶茶的需求。The usage of表示“对……的使用”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填The。
11．（2025·吉林省东北师范大学附属中学高三第二次摸底）It’s hoped that the talks may bring end to the violence.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：人们希望谈判能够结束暴力。固定搭配bring an end to意为“结束……，终结……”。故填an。
12．（2025·四川省江油市太白中学高三月考）I was organizing my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me nudge.
【答案】 a
【解析】考查固定句型、冠词。句意：我正在脑子里组织我要说的话，这时我旁边的女孩推了我一下。“was/were doing... when...”，表示“正在做……时，突然……”，为固定句型。此处泛指“推了我一下”，且nudge以辅音音素开头，第二空应用不定冠词a。故填a。
13.（2025·云南省保山市高三上学期摸底）The 1,035-kilometer China-Laos Railway, landmark project of the Belt and Road Initiative, connects China’s Kunming with Vientiane in Laos where it stretches 422.4 kilometers.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：全长1035公里的中老铁路是“一带一路”的标志性项目，连接中国的昆明和老挝的万象，其中老挝段全长422.4公里。可数名词landmark project在句中表示“一个标志性项目”，泛指，且landmark是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
14.（2025·湖北省重点高中智学联盟高三上学期8月联考）Recognised as UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：都江堰被联合国教科文组织认定为世界文化遗产，2000多年来，都江堰一直在灌溉农田的同时防止洪水泛滥。根据句意以及空后UNESCO heritage site为单数意义名词可知，此处为表示“一个世界文化遗产”为泛指概念，结合UNESCO为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
15.（2025·辽宁省普通高中高三期中）The most representative among them is Lyu Opera, unique kind of the Chinese art form.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：其中最具代表性的是吕剧，一种独特的中国艺术形式。此处为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
16.（2025·辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟高三月考）The service comes after __________ recently-released regulation on waste management in Shanghai.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这项服务是在上海最近发布的一项废物管理规定之后推出的。修饰可数名词单数“regulation”，表示“泛指”，且修饰词recently-released的发音是辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
17.（2025·福建省宁德市蕉城区宁德第一中学高三一模） new catalyst, designed by researchers at City University Hong Kong (City U) and tested by fellows at Imperial College London, could be scaled up for mass use.
【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这种由香港城市大学的研究人员设计并由伦敦帝国理工学院的同行测试的新催化剂，可以扩大规模以供大规模使用。根据“new catalyst, designed by researchers at City University Hong Kong (City U) and tested by fellows at Imperial College London”可知，这是由伦敦帝国理工学院的同行测试的新催化剂，在此处表示特指用定冠词the，位于句首，首写字母需要大写。故填The。
18.（2025·广东省部分学校高三上学期8月大联考）According to the researchers, discovery of the plant species has further enriched diversity of Oreocharis in China, and has positive significance for the biogeography of the Hengduan Mountains in southwest China.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：研究人员认为，该植物物种的发现进一步丰富了中国桔梗属植物的多样性，对中国西南横断山区的生物地理研究具有积极意义。因为上文“Chinese scientists have found a new plant species(中国科学家发现了一种新的植物物种)”提到过最新发现，再次提到需要特指，所以此处用the discovery特指科学家们最近发现的新物种。故填the。
19．（2025·江苏省盐城市射阳县江苏省射阳中学高三月考）I had chance encounter with an exchange student from America this morning.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：今天早上我偶然遇到了一位来自美国的交换生。chance encounter表示“偶然的相遇”，是一个可数名词短语，此处泛指，chance以辅音音素开头，前面需要加不定冠词a。故填a。
20．（2025·江苏省盐城市射阳县射阳中学高三月考）Traditional festivals are source of national pride and help shape our national identity.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：传统节日是国家自豪感的源泉，有助于塑造我们的民族认同感。单数可数名词source在句中表示“……的一种来源”，泛指，且source发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
题型二 数词考点综合练
1．（2025·黑龙江省实验中学高三月考）I learned not everyone is going to like you and that`s OK. Just be (you).
【答案】yourself
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：我知道不是每个人都会喜欢你，这没关系。做你自己。空处需要反身代词yourself“你自己”，作表语，表示“不是每个人都会喜欢你，没关系，做你自己”。故填yourself。
2．（2025·广东省佛山市南海区南执高级中学高三10月阶段考）Biology is my favourite subject, and my target is to prepare (I) for my degree in biology at university.
【答案】myself
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：生物学是我最喜欢的科目，我的目标是为我在大学的生物学学位做好准备。prepare oneself for sth. 为固定短语，意为“让自己为某事做好准备”，这里指为“我自己”做好准备，故填 myself。
3．（2025·广东省东莞市三校期中联考）Some people think necessary to explore the oceans because of the potential amounts of resources.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it用法。句意：有些人认为有必要探索海洋，因为潜在的资源数量。此处为think it adj. to do sth.，it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语。故填it。
4．（2025·江苏省盐城市射阳县射阳中学高三月考）New laws are made as new situations develop such as created by advances in technology or changes in societal attitudes.
【答案】those
【解析】考查代词。句意：新法律是随着新情况的发展而制定的，例如那些由于技术进步或社会态度的变化而产生的新情况。空处作such as的宾语，是对“新情况”的举例说明，指代前面提到的new situations，new situations为可数名词复数，应用指示代词those指代。故填those。
5．（2025·广东梅县东山中学高三月考）It is a way to re-examine the reader (he) and the changes he has undergone since the initial reading.
【答案】himself
【解析】考查代词。句意：这是一种重新审视读者自己和他自最初阅读以来所经历的变化的方式。根据句意可知设空处为读者自己，所以应用反身代词，故填himself。
6．（2025·云南师范大学实验中学高三开学检查）Alice enjoyed (she) at the dancing party.
【答案】herself
【解析】考查代词。句意：爱丽丝在舞会上玩得很开心。此处是固定搭配：enjoy oneself意为“过得快活”，所以空处应填反身代词herself。故填herself。
7.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三上学期一模）Today, most of the conflicts have ceased. The continent is gradually taking (it) place in the committee of nations.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：这个大陆正在逐渐恢复其在国际社会中的地位。空处修饰名词place，需用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。
8.（2025·安徽省五校高三期中联考） With (they) increasing popularity, the two women are continuing to come up with innovative ways to provide more special visual and auditory enjoyment to their audiences.
【答案】their
【解析】考查物主代词。句意：随着人气的不断攀升，这两位女士也继续探索创新方式，为观众带来更特别的视听盛宴。修饰名词popularity应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
9．（2025·福建省福州第一中学高三期中）As legend has , an old couple by the sea once heard a baby crying.
【答案】it
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：传说中，曾有一对老夫妇在海边听到一个婴儿的哭声。固定句型legend has it表示“传说”，故填it。
10.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The development of the movie industry in India is mostly conditional upon the actions of present-day companies. Therefore, the latter is concerned about increasing (it) influence by entering into a new partnership with western film production companies.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：因此，后者关注的是通过与西方电影制作公司建立新的合作伙伴关系来增加自己的影响力。空格处位于名词前，因此需要填入形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。故填its。
11.（2025·四川省成都棠湖外国语学校高三期中）When I take off my wig and my red nose, I’m still wearing a big smile, as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day. I hope that clown doctors can help make the hospital a friendlier place to visit. After all, really is true that “laughter is the best medicine”.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it作形式主语。句意：毕竟，“笑是最好的良药”这句话是真的。“It is+形容词+that...”是固定句型，it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正主语，置于句尾。故填it。
12.（2025·江苏省苏州市高三期中）Visiting a museum or going on a study tour is a fast developing social trend, which has significantly increased footfalls (客流) at major, popular museums. Such has been the rush of visitors that many museums have extended
(they) opening hours.
【答案】their
【解析】考查物主代词。句意：由于游客蜂拥而来，许多博物馆都延长了开放时间。根据语境可知，句子表示“许多博物馆都延长了他们的开放时间”，空格处意为“他们的”，用形容词性物主代词their修饰opening hours。故填their。
13.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The development of the movie industry in India is mostly conditional upon the actions of present-day companies. Therefore, the latter is concerned about increasing (it) influence by entering into a new partnership with western film production companies.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：因此，后者关注的是通过与西方电影制作公司建立新的合作伙伴关系来增加自己的影响力。空格处位于名词前，因此需要填入形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。故填its。
14．（2025·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三期中）People hate when you don’t say what you mean.
【答案】it
【解析】考查形式宾语。句意：当你不说出你的意思时，人们讨厌你。此处it做形式宾语，代替后面的从句。故填it。
15． is acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily boost happiness.
【答案】It
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：人们普遍认为财富不一定能增加幸福感。本题考查的是主语从句的固定句型“It is acknowledged that…”，意为“人们普遍认为……”，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，作真正的主语。故填It。
题型一 语法填空（考点专练）
Passage 1（冠词专项语篇练）
(2021·全国甲卷改编)The Xi'an City Wall is 1.__________ most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It was built originally to protect the city in 2.__________ Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). It is possible to walk or bike the entire 14 3.__________(kilometer)．
We accessed the 4.__________(wall) through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see 5.__________(stream) of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on 6.__________ piece of history!
We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did 7.__________ job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.__________ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9.__________(watchtower) to take 10.________ (picture) or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。
1．the由句意可知西安古城墙是留存下来的最完整的城墙，故应用the表示最高级。
2．the朝代前用定冠词the。
3．kilometers kilometer为可数名词，其前为14，故用其复数形式。
4．wall 根据下文提示The wall is 12 meters high...可知此处应填wall，意为“我们通过南门进入古城墙。”
5．streams streams of...意为“一连串的……；一系列的……”，streams of people人流。
6．a a piece of history意为“一段历史”。
7．the 短语do the job意为“起作用，有效”。
8．the all the way是固定搭配，意为“一路上”。
9．watchtowers 由并列连词and以及前面的复数名词gates可知，此处应用watchtower的复数形式。
10．pictures picture意为“照片”时是可数名词。take pictures意为“照照片”。
Passage 2（代词专项语篇练）
She looks like any 1.__________ schoolgirl, fresh－faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of 2.__________ (she) new A－level course. But unlike school friends, 16－year－old Sarah is not spending half－term resting. Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as a model in New York.
Sarah was told that she could be Britain's new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants 3.__________(she) to give up school to model full－time. But Sarah, 4.__________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 5.__________(she) is determined to carry on with 6.__________(she) education.
7.__________(she) has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full－time before going to university to get a degree in engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, “ 8.__________(I) dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school comes first. 9.__________(I) don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is certainly fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have 10.__________ else to fall back on when I can't model any more.”
【解析】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所作出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。
1．other 考查代词。句意：她看上去像其他的女生，朝气蓬勃，充满活力。根据句意可知填other。
2．her 考查代词。句意：萨拉期待着她的新课程的挑战。根据句意可知填her。
3．her 考查代词宾格形式。句意：她的父亲想让她放弃上学去做全职模特。此处wants后缺宾语。故填her。
4．who 考查定语从句。句意：但是和顶级模特一起参加时装秀的萨拉想要证明她不仅拥有美貌还有智慧。此句中先行词为Sarah，关系词在句中作主语，故填who。
5．She考查代词。句意：她决定继续她的教育。此句缺少主语，根据句意填she，首字母大写。
6．her考查代词。句意：见上题。此处指“她的”教育，故填her。
7．She 考查代词。句意：为了专心学习，她拒绝了几次演出的邀请。此句缺主语，根据句意可知填she，首字母大写。
8．My考查代词。句意：我的父亲认为我应该接受那个报价。根据句意可知应填My。
9．I 考查代词。句意：我不想太沉迷于模特工作。根据句意可知应填I。
10．nothing考查不定代词。句意：当我不能做模特的时候，我不想没有别的东西可以依靠。根据句意，此处应填nothing。
题型二 语法填空（综合练）
Passage 1
（2025·河北省沧州市沧衡名校联盟期中）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）In China, the dragon has special and enduring cultural meanings. With this year 1 (mark) the Year of Dragon, the fifth animal in the traditional twelve Chinese zodiac animals, there are dragon decorations everywhere. In fact, the first dragon images were being made about 8,000 years ago. Since then, a large number of exquisite artifacts 2 (create) based on the motif (图案).
3 ongoing exhibition at the Chinese Archaeological Museum in Beijing has gathered together many such artifacts. The exhibition kicked off on May 1, and ran till December 31. It is a display of 112 objects unearthed at 30 important archaeological sites around the country.
The dragon is one of the most important Chinese totems (图腾), which is believed 4 (be) closely connected to the formation of the Chinese state and civilization. The exhibition’s images of the dragon’s 8,000-year history in China allow 5 (visitor) to understand how it has evolved alongside the formation of China, and what it is like today.
Over time, the dragon has 6 (gradual) evolved into a cultural symbol. People attach spiritual qualities 7 the creature, like uprightness and a relentless 8 (pursue) of self-improvement. These qualities are also regarded as part of the spirit of China.
Since the dragon has a long history, it shows the continuity of Chinese civilization. The changes to 9 (it) image show creativity. It also shows peacefulness, as ancient people connected the dragon with celestial phenomena (天象), 10 was vital to agricultural society.
【答案】
1．marking 2．have been created 3．An 4．to be 5．visitors 6．gradually 7．to 8．pursuit 9．its 10．which
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了龙年对中国的意义，以及龙在中国历史上的演变。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年是龙年，龙是中国传统的十二生肖中的第五个动物，因此到处都是龙的装饰物。此句为with的复合结构，此处作宾补，mark与宾语the Year of Dragon构成主动关系，应用现在分词宾补。故填marking。
2．考查时态和语态。句意：从那时起，就有许多精美的工艺品被创造出来。此处作谓语动词，主语为a large number of exquisite artifacts，为复数，create与主语a large number of exquisite artifacts为被动关系，且根据时间状语Since then可知，应用现在完成时，故此处应用现在完成时的被动。故填have been created。
3．考查冠词。句意：北京中国考古博物馆正在进行的一场展览收集了许多这样的文物。此处exhibition“展览”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一场正在进行的展览”，且在文中第一次提到，故应用不定冠词，且ongoing以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an。故填An。
4．考查不定式。句意：龙是最重要的中国图腾之一，人们认为龙与中国国家和文明的形成密切相关。此处为be believed to do sth.结构，意为“人们相信做某事”，故应用不定式作宾补。故填to be。
5．考查名词复数。句意：这次展览展示了中国8000年来龙的形象，让游客了解它是如何随着中国的形成而演变的，以及它今天的样子。visitor为可数名词，且此处指参加展览的所有游客，不止一个游客，故应用名词的复数形式作宾语。故填visitors。
6．考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，龙逐渐演变成一种文化象征。此处修饰动词evolved，故应用副词gradually“逐渐地”作状语。故填gradually。
7．考查介词。句意：人们赋予这种生物精神上的品质，如正直和不懈的自我完善追求。此处意为“把……附加到……”，表达为attach…to…。故填to。
8．考查名词。句意：同上。此处作名词，故应用名词pursuit“追求”，且空前有冠词a，故此处应用名词的单数形式。故填pursuit。
9．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：它的形象变化显示了创造力。此处作定语，修饰后文名词image，故应用it的形容词性物主代词its“它的”。故填its。
10．考查定语从句。句意：它还表明和平，因为古人把龙与天象联系在一起，这在农业社会中是必不可少的。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。
Passage 2
（2025·福建省名校联盟高三期中）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）One of New York City’s great hidden gems is the Chinese Scholar’s Garden. It isn’t a direct copy of a specific garden in China; rather, 1 combines many different ones — mainly 2 (inspire) by Ming Dynasty gardens from between 1368 and 1644 AD．
3 40-person design and building team spent a year in China creating the different Garden features. “Craftsmen-in-residence” then spent an 4 (addition) six months on Staten Island to finish 5 (construct). In total, there are eight pavilions, three ponds, a waterfall, and many picturesque points, with the design 6 (unfold) like a series of landscaped rooms.
The highlight is perhaps the central courtyard, inside which 7 (situate) the largest pavilion in the garden designed for scholarly study. A 15-foot tall Ghongshi scholar rock formation is located in front of it along with a pond. On the opposite side, a covered walkway leads 8 other parts of the Garden.
The Chinese Scholar’s Garden is a 9 (true) unique attraction that adds a new dimension to our understanding of life in ancient China 10 serves as the perfect setting for a host of multi-cultural events.
【答案】
1．it 2．inspired 3．A 4．additional 5．construction 6．unfolding 7．is situated 8．to 9．truly 10．and
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了纽约的中国学者花园。
1．考查代词。句意：它不是中国某个特定花园的直接复制品；相反，它结合了许多不同的花园，主要灵感来自公元1368年至1644年间的明代花园。分号前后是两个独立的句子，空格处在句中作主语，和前句中的It指代相同，均指代the Chinese Scholar’s Garden，所以应用it。故填it。
2．考查非谓语动词。它不是中国某个特定花园的直接复制品；相反，它结合了许多不同的花园，主要灵感来自公元1368年至1644年间的明代花园。破折号后的部分在句中作状语，inspire和逻辑主语it(指the Chinese Scholar’s Garden)之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故填inspired。
3．考查冠词。句意：一个40人的设计和建筑团队在中国花了一年时间创造了不同的花园特色。这里泛指一个团队，且空后的40-person发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词A。故填A。
4．考查形容词。句意：“常驻工匠”随后在斯塔滕岛又花了六个月的时间完成建造。空处作定语修饰six months，应用形容词。additional意为“额外的，外加的”。故填additional。
5．考查名词。句意：“常驻工匠”随后在斯塔滕岛又花了六个月的时间完成建造。finish为及物动词，其后跟名词作宾语，construction意为“建筑，建造”，为不可数名词。故填construction。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：总共有八个亭子、三个池塘、一个瀑布和许多风景如画的景点，设计就像一系列景观房一样展开。这里是“with+宾语+宾补”结构，the design和unfold(打开，展开)之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词。故填unfolding。
7．考查倒装句、时态和语态。句意：亮点可能是中央庭院，里面是花园中最大的亭子，专为学术研究而设计。根据主句的is和句意，这里陈述都是客观事实，应用一般现在时。inside which...为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，且表示方位的介词短语位于句首，所以从句用全部倒装，即将谓语全部置于主语之前。从句主语是the largest pavilion，和situate(使位于，使坐落于)之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且be动词用is。故填is situated。
8．考查介词。句意：在对面，一条有顶的人行道通往花园的其他部分。lead to意为“通向”，为固定搭配。故填to。
9．考查副词。句意：中国学者花园是一个真正独特的景点，为我们对中国古代生活的理解增添了新的维度，是举办一系列多元文化活动的完美场所。空处修饰形容词unique，应用副词。truly意为“真正”。故填truly。
10．考查连词。句意：中国学者花园是一个真正独特的景点，为我们对中国古代生活的理解增添了新的维度，是举办一系列多元文化活动的完美场所。这里is...和serves...是并列的谓语结构，所以应用and连接。故填and。
语法填空（单句语法填空）
1.（2020·新课标I卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
2.（2020·山东卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42． (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
3.（2019·北京）I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【答案】myself
【解析】考查反身代词，此处用作宾语，表示对自己低声说，所以用“myself”。
4. （2018·全国I）If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___70___a try.
【答案】it或running
【解析】考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为：试试。此处it可以指running。故填it或running。
5. （2018·全国III）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____68____(they) alive.
【答案】them
【解析】考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。
6.（2017·全国卷Ⅱ）However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using 67.________ every day.
【答案】it
【解析】考查代词。it指代伦敦地铁。
7.（2016·全国新课标I）On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _____68_ (it) mother.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。 修饰名词用形容词性的物主代词，故填its。
8.（2016·上海）(B)Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no
【答案】you
【解析】考查上下文串联。句意：例如，你是否感觉到对你期待得太多了？本句的主语是you，所以仍然使用宾格you作为介词of的宾语。
9.（2016·四川）By that time, the panda no longer needed 48 (it)mother for food.
【答案】its
【解析】句意：小熊猫不再需要它妈妈的食物。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填its。
10.（2015·全国卷I）A few hours before/earlier， I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with 63.________(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
【答案】 its
【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。几个小时前，“我”在香港的家里，呼吸着令人窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用its。
11.（2014新课标全国II）A woman on the bus shouted , “Oh dear “ It is 69 （I）”.
【答案】me /mine
【解析】考查代词。从语境判断此处是做表语，强调“是我的包，或者是我丢了包”，填me或mine。
12. （2020·浙江卷）This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 64． rise of science，changes began.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。
13.（2020·全国新课标II）The plum trees are 70． first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。
14.（2019·新课标I卷）Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。
15.（2019·浙江卷）Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。
16 （2019·新课标II卷）When we got a call saying she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke.
【答案】a
【解析】a 考查冠词。根据前面We don't have any idea who put grandma forward我们不知道谁提名了祖母，以及she was short-listed接到电话说她入围了，开始我们以为这是一个玩笑，a joke一个玩笑，故填a。
17.（2018·全国II）Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country has grown more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。
18.（2018·全国III）I'm not sure which is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。
19. （2018·全国II）This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
【答案】pollution
【解析】考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。
20.（2017·全国卷Ⅰ）As 65.________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果是”。结果是，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。
21.（2017·全国卷Ⅱ）This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ________ top.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。此处特指铁轨上方的顶部工程。
22.（2017·全国卷Ⅲ）She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A level course. But unlike her school friends, 16 year old Sarah is not spending half term resting. Instead, she is earning ￡6，500 a day as 62.________ model in New York.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。根据句意和语境可知，萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个，是泛指；而且model的第一个音素是辅音音素，故用不定冠词a。
23.（2017·浙江卷6月考）For Pahlsson, its return was 65.________ wonder.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。此处a wonder表示“一个奇迹”，所以需要不定冠词a。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题02 冠词和代词
目录 01 模拟基础练（单句语法填空） 【题型一】冠词考点综合练（最新模拟） 【题型二】代词考点综合练（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（完形填空和语法填空） 03 真题实战练
题型一 冠词考点综合练
1.（2025·河北省衡水中学第一次综合素养测评）The recent opening of a new exhibition building at the Sanxingdui Museum, in Guanghan, in Sichuan province, made the place instant tourist hot spot.
2.（2025·安徽省安庆市第一中学模拟）We entered the Year of the Dragon. Or should that be the Year of the Loong That is a question that has been subject for debate in China, as some say there is a difference between the two in Chinese and Western mythology.
3.（2025·山东省第一次备考监测联考）Even today, the Silk Road remains a major attraction, drawing tourists from China and around ________ world.
4.（2025·安徽省皖豫名校联盟高三十月联考）Besides live performances, Hu also showed how suona fitted in with various musical pieces in ________ impressive way, offering the local audience a valuable opportunity to experience the Chinese musical instrument.
5.（2025·广东省佛山市H7联盟高三摸底联考）In the vast and wind-swept steppes of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, there exists a great connection between the people and their music. The connection is presented by the appealing melodies(旋律) of the morin khuur, two-stringed instrument often referred to as the horse-headed fiddle (琴).
6.（2025·江苏省南京市六校联合体期中）The animated movie Chang’an turned out to be great hit in the summer season in 2023.
7.（2025·河南省部分学校高三大联考）Moutai is a strong, clear spirit drink, a brand of Baijiu that’s distilled (蒸馏) from fermented sorghum(发酵的高粱), wheat, and water from the Chishui River. Its unique flavor has survived centuries of change in China, from the Qing Dynasty to 21st century.
8.（2025·江苏省徐州市第七中学高三月考）Made in 18- step process from the bark (树皮) of the wingceltis (青檀) tree and rice straw, the paper is snow- white, soft and absorbent (吸水的) .
9.（2025·沧州市普通高中高三复习质量监测）Shi Xin, 34, owner of Plant X, ____41____ online store that mainly sells tropical (热带的) plants, said“Growing tropical plants is like buying designer toys for many young consumers, and they recognize the value of such plants.
10.（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三上学期8月摸底）_______usage of social media by consumers and influencers also increased product demand for bubble tea in the Asia Pacific region.
11．（2025·吉林省东北师范大学附属中学高三第二次摸底）It’s hoped that the talks may bring end to the violence.
12．（2025·四川省江油市太白中学高三月考）I was organizing my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me nudge.
13.（2025·云南省保山市高三上学期摸底）The 1,035-kilometer China-Laos Railway, landmark project of the Belt and Road Initiative, connects China’s Kunming with Vientiane in Laos where it stretches 422.4 kilometers.
14.（2025·湖北省重点高中智学联盟高三上学期8月联考）Recognised as UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years.
15.（2025·辽宁省普通高中高三期中）The most representative among them is Lyu Opera, unique kind of the Chinese art form.
16.（2025·辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟高三月考）The service comes after __________ recently-released regulation on waste management in Shanghai.
17.（2025·福建省宁德市蕉城区宁德第一中学高三一模） new catalyst, designed by researchers at City University Hong Kong (City U) and tested by fellows at Imperial College London, could be scaled up for mass use.
18.（2025·广东省部分学校高三上学期8月大联考）According to the researchers, discovery of the plant species has further enriched diversity of Oreocharis in China, and has positive significance for the biogeography of the Hengduan Mountains in southwest China.
19．（2025·江苏省盐城市射阳县江苏省射阳中学高三月考）I had chance encounter with an exchange student from America this morning.
20．（2025·江苏省盐城市射阳县射阳中学高三月考）Traditional festivals are source of national pride and help shape our national identity.
题型二 数词考点综合练
1．（2025·黑龙江省实验中学高三月考）I learned not everyone is going to like you and that`s OK. Just be (you).
2．（2025·广东省佛山市南海区南执高级中学高三10月阶段考）Biology is my favourite subject, and my target is to prepare (I) for my degree in biology at university.
3．（2025·广东省东莞市三校期中联考）Some people think necessary to explore the oceans because of the potential amounts of resources.
4．（2025·江苏省盐城市射阳县射阳中学高三月考）New laws are made as new situations develop such as created by advances in technology or changes in societal attitudes.
5．（2025·广东梅县东山中学高三月考）It is a way to re-examine the reader (he) and the changes he has undergone since the initial reading.
6．（2025·云南师范大学实验中学高三开学检查）Alice enjoyed (she) at the dancing party.
7.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三上学期一模）Today, most of the conflicts have ceased. The continent is gradually taking (it) place in the committee of nations.
8.（2025·安徽省五校高三期中联考） With (they) increasing popularity, the two women are continuing to come up with innovative ways to provide more special visual and auditory enjoyment to their audiences.
9．（2025·福建省福州第一中学高三期中）As legend has , an old couple by the sea once heard a baby crying.
10.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The development of the movie industry in India is mostly conditional upon the actions of present-day companies. Therefore, the latter is concerned about increasing (it) influence by entering into a new partnership with western film production companies.
11.（2025·四川省成都棠湖外国语学校高三期中）When I take off my wig and my red nose, I’m still wearing a big smile, as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day. I hope that clown doctors can help make the hospital a friendlier place to visit. After all, really is true that “laughter is the best medicine”.
12.（2025·江苏省苏州市高三期中）Visiting a museum or going on a study tour is a fast developing social trend, which has significantly increased footfalls (客流) at major, popular museums. Such has been the rush of visitors that many museums have extended
(they) opening hours.
13.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The development of the movie industry in India is mostly conditional upon the actions of present-day companies. Therefore, the latter is concerned about increasing (it) influence by entering into a new partnership with western film production companies.
14．（2025·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三期中）People hate when you don’t say what you mean.
15． is acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily boost happiness.
题型一 语法填空（考点专练）
Passage 1（冠词专项语篇练）
(2021·全国甲卷改编)The Xi'an City Wall is 1.__________ most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It was built originally to protect the city in 2.__________ Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). It is possible to walk or bike the entire 14 3.__________(kilometer)．
We accessed the 4.__________(wall) through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see 5.__________(stream) of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on 6.__________ piece of history!
We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did 7.__________ job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.__________ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9.__________(watchtower) to take 10.________ (picture) or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.
Passage 2（代词专项语篇练）
She looks like any 1.__________ schoolgirl, fresh－faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of 2.__________ (she) new A－level course. But unlike school friends, 16－year－old Sarah is not spending half－term resting. Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as a model in New York.
Sarah was told that she could be Britain's new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants 3.__________(she) to give up school to model full－time. But Sarah, 4.__________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 5.__________(she) is determined to carry on with 6.__________(she) education.
7.__________(she) has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full－time before going to university to get a degree in engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, “ 8.__________(I) dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school comes first. 9.__________(I) don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is certainly fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have 10.__________ else to fall back on when I can't model any more.”
题型二 语法填空（综合练）
Passage 1
（2025·河北省沧州市沧衡名校联盟期中）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）In China, the dragon has special and enduring cultural meanings. With this year 1 (mark) the Year of Dragon, the fifth animal in the traditional twelve Chinese zodiac animals, there are dragon decorations everywhere. In fact, the first dragon images were being made about 8,000 years ago. Since then, a large number of exquisite artifacts 2 (create) based on the motif (图案).
3 ongoing exhibition at the Chinese Archaeological Museum in Beijing has gathered together many such artifacts. The exhibition kicked off on May 1, and ran till December 31. It is a display of 112 objects unearthed at 30 important archaeological sites around the country.
The dragon is one of the most important Chinese totems (图腾), which is believed 4 (be) closely connected to the formation of the Chinese state and civilization. The exhibition’s images of the dragon’s 8,000-year history in China allow 5 (visitor) to understand how it has evolved alongside the formation of China, and what it is like today.
Over time, the dragon has 6 (gradual) evolved into a cultural symbol. People attach spiritual qualities 7 the creature, like uprightness and a relentless 8 (pursue) of self-improvement. These qualities are also regarded as part of the spirit of China.
Since the dragon has a long history, it shows the continuity of Chinese civilization. The changes to 9 (it) image show creativity. It also shows peacefulness, as ancient people connected the dragon with celestial phenomena (天象), 10 was vital to agricultural society.
Passage 2
（2025·福建省名校联盟高三期中）
（标黄题号为本专题考点）One of New York City’s great hidden gems is the Chinese Scholar’s Garden. It isn’t a direct copy of a specific garden in China; rather, 1 combines many different ones — mainly 2 (inspire) by Ming Dynasty gardens from between 1368 and 1644 AD．
3 40-person design and building team spent a year in China creating the different Garden features. “Craftsmen-in-residence” then spent an 4 (addition) six months on Staten Island to finish 5 (construct). In total, there are eight pavilions, three ponds, a waterfall, and many picturesque points, with the design 6 (unfold) like a series of landscaped rooms.
The highlight is perhaps the central courtyard, inside which 7 (situate) the largest pavilion in the garden designed for scholarly study. A 15-foot tall Ghongshi scholar rock formation is located in front of it along with a pond. On the opposite side, a covered walkway leads 8 other parts of the Garden.
The Chinese Scholar’s Garden is a 9 (true) unique attraction that adds a new dimension to our understanding of life in ancient China 10 serves as the perfect setting for a host of multi-cultural events.
语法填空（单句语法填空）
1.（2020·新课标I卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
2.（2020·山东卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42． (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
3.（2019·北京）I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
4. （2018·全国I）If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___70___a try.
5. （2018·全国III）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____68____(they) alive.
6.（2017·全国卷Ⅱ）However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using 67.________ every day.
7.（2016·全国新课标I）On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _____68_ (it) mother.
8.（2016·上海）(B)Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no
9.（2016·四川）By that time, the panda no longer needed 48 (it)mother for food.
10.（2015·全国卷I）A few hours before/earlier， I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with 63.________(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
11.（2014新课标全国II）A woman on the bus shouted , “Oh dear “ It is 69 （I）”.
12. （2020·浙江卷）This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 64． rise of science，changes began.
13.（2020·全国新课标II）The plum trees are 70． first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
14.（2019·新课标I卷）Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
15.（2019·浙江卷）Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.
16 （2019·新课标II卷）When we got a call saying she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke.
17.（2018·全国II）Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country has grown more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
18.（2018·全国III）I'm not sure which is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs.
19. （2018·全国II）This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
20.（2017·全国卷Ⅰ）As 65.________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
21.（2017·全国卷Ⅱ）This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ________ top.
22.（2017·全国卷Ⅲ）She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A level course. But unlike her school friends, 16 year old Sarah is not spending half term resting. Instead, she is earning ￡6，500 a day as 62.________ model in New York.
23.（2017·浙江卷6月考）For Pahlsson, its return was 65.________ wonder.
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