专题11 阅读七选五议论文
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 3
题型01 论点句题 3
题型02 论据支撑句题 4
题型03 过渡衔接句题 5
题型04 总结句题 7
高考练场 8
题型简介
高考英语阅读中的七选五议论文，旨在考查学生对议论性文本的语篇连贯性与逻辑性的把握。此类文章围绕特定观点展开论述，作者运用论据、推理来支持或反驳论点，话题涉猎教育改革、社会现象剖析、道德伦理探讨等领域，行文依靠论点、论据与论证的紧密配合，语言富有逻辑性，结构层次分明，而七选五题型要求学生从七个备选句子里挑出五个恰当的，嵌入文中空缺处，使文章语义通顺、论证连贯。
命题类型
论点句：常处于段落开头，用来明确提出该段落的核心主张，引领后续的论证阐述，为全段定下论述基调，例如 “In addition to economic benefits, there is another crucial aspect to consider.”，旗帜鲜明开启新论述方向。
论据支撑句：为已提出的论点补充事实依据、具体案例、统计数据、名人名言等内容，让抽象论点变得鲜活可感，增强说服力。比如论点是 “运动有益身心”，论据句可能列举长期运动人群的健康数据。
过渡衔接句：位于段落之间或段落内部，起到承上启下的关键作用，既总结上文关键要点，又自然流畅地开启下文新话题，确保论证层层递进、环环相扣，就像 “However, the situation is far from perfect, and new problems have emerged.”，在转折间推进论述。
总结句：常出现在段末，对全段论述内容进行扼要概括，再次强调论点，加深读者印象，或者对后续论证走向做含蓄铺垫，如 “In short, we need to take immediate action to address this issue.” 。
解题思路
速览全文抓主旨：快速通读文章，尤其留意文章标题、首段以及每段首尾句，迅速提炼核心论点，明确文章围绕什么主题、秉持什么立场在展开议论，为后续解题锚定大方向。
分析空处位置定功能：若空缺处在段首，优先考虑论点句，要能提纲挈领；位于段中，大概率是衔接过渡或补充论据；要是在段尾，多为总结收尾，或是抛出引出下段的悬念话题。
找关键词匹配：仔细研读空缺处上下文，圈出关键实词，比对选项，找出与之匹配的词汇，像同义词、反义词、同类词，借助语义关联锁定潜在答案，例如上文提及 “environmental protection”，选项含 “green initiatives” 就值得关注。
依循逻辑关系选：关注文中逻辑连接词，如表示并列的 “and”“also” ，转折的 “but”“however”，因果的 “so”“therefore” 等，据此判断选项与上下文逻辑是否契合，使文章论证行云流水。
代入通读核查：把选好的句子依次填入文中，完整通读一遍，检查文章整体语义连贯、逻辑通顺与否，如有语义跳跃、衔接生硬的地方，需重新审视选项。
题型01 论点句题
（24-25高三上·重庆·阶段练习）Worrying is just a familiar emotion that a person gets when he starts to get concerned about the outcome of something that he cares about. 1 It’s all about the triggers (诱因).
............
4 As you might have already guessed, not giving in to the first negative thought is one of the best strategies to deal with worrying. By pushing that negative thought away as soon as it appears you can give yourself the chance not to fall into this worrying trap.
............
A．More worrying means more time wasted.
B．This is where the downward cycle often begins.
C．But what we may not know is its negative effects.
D．But do you know how the worrying process starts
E．However, there are still ways to break free from this cycle.
F．You may study harder if worried about, for example, an upcoming exam.
G．The biggest problem here is that things people worry about are usually uncertain.
题型02 论据支撑句题
（2024·广东广州·一模）As a baby, Jack’s remarkable swimming journey began. At ten months, he already practised with swim aids. At six, he won his first swimming competition in a group for kids ten-and-under. At seven, he stayed at the pool from nine in the morning till eight hours later. His mother, recognizing his gift, took it as her duty to guide him. 11 By a young age, Jack had been ranked the number one swimmer of the country, a title he held for a record-breaking duration.
............
In a world that demands people to specialize early, we face a challenge to keep the benefits of diverse experiences and delayed concentration. There’s a need for those with Jack’s early focus. 15 — People who start with many different things and accept various experiences. People with range.
A．There was no time to waste.
B．And it was all going according to plan.
C．The growing complexity of the world also calls for more Sams.
D．But it didn’t seem to hold back his development in the long run.
E．In reality, the Sam’s path to success is far more common, yet less told.
F．In contrast to Jack, Sam didn’t show significant sporting talent until later.
G．Unlike the swimming talent, Sam’s early years were filled with a variety of sports.
题型03 过渡衔接句题
（24-25高三上·四川泸州·阶段练习）Happiness is a paradoxical (自相矛盾) goal. We all want to be happy, yet we often fail at predicting what will make us happy. We pursue goals like wealth, fitness, status and mastery only to find that achieving them doesn’t really change our live. 16 . We worry about things we cannot control, hold grudges (仇恨)against people we cannot influence. and spend time on activities we don’t truly value.
17 But from my perspective, I have found a few maxims that have made my life better.
............
Meet other people more than halfway.
We are a narcissistic species. 20 Even our outwardly directed thoughts are often self-centered: We care about our relationship with other people. Absent our interest in them, we direct little mental capacity towards others’ viewpoints.
Those are my rules for happiness, what are yours What things do you try to live by that make you happier Share your thoughts in the comments.
A．Remember everything is a choice.
B．Striving is good, but achieving is overrated (高估).
C．Nearly all of our thoughts are directed towards ourselves
D．I don’t claim to have discovered the recipe for happiness
E．In contrast, we often deliberately make ourselves miserable
F．Much of happiness lies in little joys and moments that we can easily overlook.
G．Daydreaming about a possibility that isn’t practical doesn’t make you better off.
题型04 总结句题
（2024·广东湛江·一模）Many significant international projects have considered how schooling might change to better match the changes that have taken place in the 21st century. 26 One is a shift in the meaning of knowledge, and the other is the need to build education systems based around what we now know about learning.
............
28 Nor does it deny the need for obvious goals for students’ knowledge development. Rather, the future-focused education literature suggests we need to adopt a much more complex view of knowledge, one that incorporates knowing, doing and being. Alongside this we need to rethink our ideas about how our learning systems are organized, resourced and supported. Research clearly shows that people do not learn well as passive recipients (接受者) of pre-packaged, bite-sized pieces of knowledge. 29
Although some of these principles are understood by many teachers, our education systems and practices are often set up in ways that do not support these principles to operate in practice. Teachers and school leaders are attempting paradigm (范式) shifts. 30
A．There needs to be wider public support for them.
B．There are two important ideas that support this work.
C．This does not mean that knowledge no longer matters.
D．Good learning requires active engagement in the “whole game”.
E．We are required to prepare young people for the knowledge age.
F．This is possible only when active learning approaches are applied.
G．In the knowledge age, the ability to generate value is put in the first place.
(2024年新课标高考英语甲卷)
What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
(2022年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语试题)
I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. 1
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. 2 And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. 3 You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
4 Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. 5 This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A．It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B．But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C．The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D．As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E．You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F．As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G．But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
(江苏省南京市第十三中学2023-2024学年高考模拟英语试卷)
Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including fancy galleries, people’s living rooms, and on the sides of buildings. So, why is art important
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and communication. 6 It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak. In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.
7 . When someone applies for a job, there are certain skills they need to have like data analysis or bookkeeping. However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.
It provides historical context. 8 . This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more. When we take the time to dive into art created in the past, we can learn about other generations and eras. We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it. 9 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss. 10 . In one important study, children between 6 and 12 were asked to draw a house as a distraction after thinking about something upsetting. This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.
A．It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.
B．These are its major benefits.
C．It can help people handle mental problems.
D．Art and human history go hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.
F．How does it have an impact on our life
G．Children love to draw, sing and dance.
A
（24-25高三上·山西·阶段练习）It is not generally realized, for example, that a tale written in China in the ninth century is the world’s oldest known version of the story of Cinderella. The next earliest was not published until seven hundred years later — in Lyons, France, in 1544. In addition, 350 other stories that are related in some way to Cinderella have been collected from every continent.
Those Cinderella stories fall into two main groups. In one, the focus is on the ball, while comparatively little attention is paid to the supernatural force that helps her. This is the type most familiar to us and most commonly found in western Europe. In those found in eastern Europe, much attention is paid to the helpful animals. But the Chinese version contains both.
Old though it is, the Chinese version shows definite signs of having been based on still earlier — and now lost — versions. The incident of the ball, for example, is linked with the rest of the story so unnaturally that it seems that the author has borrowed this incident from some still earlier version, but without clearly understanding its significance. It will also be remembered that the king who married the girl came from a country called T’o-huan. Though this country is not identified in the story, we know from Chinese historical writings of that time that there was a small country by that name located near a region called T’o-ho-lo. And T’o-ho-lo can be identified with certainty as close to the modern city of Bangkok in Thailand. This makes it probable that the Chinese story of Cinderella did not originate in China, but was taken there from Southeast Asia, perhaps by the Arabs who went as traders to Canton in large numbers.
This story shows that the same simple virtues which are regarded as basic in the West have been emphasized for centuries in China and other parts of Asia. It is but one example of the way a story or an idea can travel all over the world.
1．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
A．A story usually has different origins.
B．Chinese literature has a very long history.
C．Different countries may have similar stories.
D．French literature was influenced by the Chinese.
2．What is unique about the Chinese version of Cinderella
A．The plot develops more naturally.
B．It is centered on those helpful animals.
C．Relatively little attention is paid to the ball.
D．It stresses both the ball and the supernatural force.
3．Which evidence shows that the Chinese version originates in Southeast Asia
A．The original writer’s identity. B．Some related historical records.
C．A newly found version of the story. D．A well-known kingdom in the story.
4．How is the text mainly developed
A．By analyzing an example. B．By reviewing studies.
C．By telling a very old story. D．By conducting surveys.
B
（24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）I often remind myself that Inside Out is a movie made for kids. Maybe because I was 9 years old when I first watched it. Back then, it was just a fun movie about colorful characters inside a girl’s head: Joy, Sadness, Fear, Anger, and Disgust. And guess what my favorite is Joy! I admired her sparkle and the way she made everything feel brighter. I feel like she was the only important emotion because she made Riley happy.
Now, I am an 18-year-old grown-up. I was excited when I heard Inside Out 2 is coming out in 2024. Who said this is just for kids My younger self back in 2015 would definitely tease me for watching “child’s stuff.” But this new part is adding even more depth, introducing new emotions like Embarrassment, Ennui (无聊), Envy, and Anxiety.
It feels like the movie waited for us to grow up to launch part 2. They want us to feel what Riley’s feeling. It’s like they knew we needed time to understand the first movie fully, and now they’re ready to take us deeper.
And yes, it did go deeper. I never expected that this movie would make me shed tears. “I don’t know how to stop anxiety. Maybe it’s true that when you grow old, you’ll feel less happy.” And you know what That’s perfectly fine. It’s okay to feel anxious, it’s okay to be scared, and it’s okay to realize that this world is not only about happiness.
Growing up, you will realize that Joy isn’t the only important emotion. All of our emotions are meant to be felt, even the hard ones. They shape how we see the world and how we connect with each other. This showed us that our feelings are part of what makes us who we are. They’re not something to hide or ignore—they’re the heartbeats of our experiences, guiding us through life’s ups and downs. So, let’s embrace them, cherish them, and remember that feeling all our emotions deeply is a beautiful part of being alive.
5．What did the author think of Inside Out when first watching it
A．It was intended for children. B．It was difficult for kids to understand.
C．It taught important lessons about emotions. D．It offered useful advice on how to be happy.
6．Why did Inside Out 2 come out so many years later according to the author
A．To wait for Riley to grow up.
B．To create more colorful characters.
C．To target a wider range of audience age groups.
D．To guarantee a better understanding of the movie.
7．Why did the author cry when watching Inside Out 2
A．The author learned a bitter truth.
B．The author related deeply to the movie.
C．The movie made the author anxious and scared.
D．The movie fell short of the author’s expectations.
8．What is the message the author hopes to convey
A．Growing up is a painful process.
B．Joy is unnecessary to a beautiful life.
C．It’s impossible to hide or ignore our emotions.
D．A mix of emotions makes us unique and beautiful.
C
（24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）Always busy “doing” things If so, you may be suffering from “toxic productivity,” a destructive rather than productive behavior.
I imagine you’re thinking, “Productivity must be good, right ” But toxic productivity, in contrast with regular productivity, is an excessive need to always be productive, regardless of the cost to your health, relationships, and life.
If you’re driven to continuously “produce” or “do” things, whether at work or at home, the results are frequently not your best — they’re usually delivered without any delay and without sufficient forethought, analysis, planning or reflection. And if, in the doing, you’re also exhausted and burned out — or feeling guilty for not doing more or better — you are very likely suffering from toxic productivity.
Often, I see coaching clients who have a challenge in front of them, and their first response is to do something, at once. Anything. They don’t want to sit with the problem, they don’t want to think about it, nor do they want to take time to reflect on any options for action. All they want to do is hear what the issue is — sometimes without even fully understanding it — and then quickly get straight on with the “doing.” Whatever their reason, these clients, like many people, just want to get on and “do” — even if this means getting poorer results.
There are all sorts of reasons for this toxic productivity. Number one is that “doing” often feels more comfortable than “not doing.” There’s often a firm belief that action speaks louder than words and that it’s a virtue to act fast. In the workplace, for example, leaders want to demonstrate that they are successful, which they usually associate with being productive. There is also a competitive culture among junior staff wanting to stand out as keen, hard workers in order to progress in their careers. And thus, a culture of toxic productivity can develop throughout an organisation.
9．How is toxic productivity different from regular productivity
A．It is harmful. B．It is flexible.
C．It is more efficient. D．It is more time-consuming.
10．Who are most likely to suffer from toxic productivity
A．Clients avoiding challenges. B．Junior staff eager to stand out.
C．Leaders satisfied with their success. D．Workers reflecting on options before acting.
11．What is the main reason for toxic productivity
A．A strong desire for success. B．Too much emphasis on virtues.
C．A cultural preference for action. D．Too much pressure from others.
12．Which of following best describes toxic productivity
A．Doing is undoing. B．The sooner the better.
C．Enough is enough. D．Better safe than sorry.
D
（23-24高三上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including fancy galleries, people’s living rooms, and on the sides of buildings. So, why is art important
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and communication. 13 It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak. In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.
14 . When someone applies for a job, there are certain skills they need to have like data analysis or bookkeeping. However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.
It provides historical context. 15 . This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more. When we take the time to dive into art created in the past, we can learn about other generations and eras. We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it. 16 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss. 17 . In one important study, children between 6 and 12 were asked to draw a house as a distraction after thinking about something upsetting. This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.
A．It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.
B．These are its major benefits.
C．It can help people handle mental problems.
D．Art and human history go hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.
F．How does it have an impact on our life
G．Children love to draw, sing and dance.
E
（23-24高三·湖北·阶段练习）What a comedian can teach you about managing stress
We often accept stress as part of the cost of modern life, but it really doesn’t have to be. We all know that laughter is the best medicine. 18 People who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and stronger. Here is what a comedian says about coping with stress.
You can try to find a different perspective. 19 Once a friend of mine fell asleep in the middle of a class. His teacher decided to make fun of him by inviting students to applaud, wondering whether my friend would applaud along when he woke up. He did and the whole class burst outlaughing. After learning everything, he was both embarrassed and ashamed of course but after a while, my friend laughed. “If this had happened to someone else, it would have been amusing. So it’s no less funny, just because it happened to me. “
20 There’s no doubt that we all experience great stress now and then. We’ve all been personally affected, in some way. You might not have felt like laughing at the time But now, looking back, you could consider all of the strange aspects of the experience and all of the things you did to keep active or simply stay sane (神志正常的) .
When you share stories with your friends, you can choose to share stories of trauma (创伤) and pain, or you can choose to lift their spirits with stories of hope and growth. 21 Take the exact same story and change the focus from “feel sorry for me” to “laugh with me”. Keep in mind that we’re all in this together, that we all share the same ridiculous experiences, and that we can laugh together at whatever life throws at us. 22
A．Always share a good story.
B．Why not do what comedians do
C．You can also look again and laugh.
D．But laughter does more than cheer you up.
E．Then you are able to make a simple choice.
F．In this way. you will say goodbye to stress forever.
G．If you have trouble seeing the funny side, you may find the following inspiring.
F
（24-25高三上·湖南·阶段练习）The London Underground, or the Tube, as it is usually known, is the oldest underground system in the world. 23 Horse-drawn vehicles were used to transport people in and out of the city, and this caused unbelievable traffic jams.
Something had to be done. In 1854, plans for an underground railway in central London received government approval. 24 The first line was finally opened in 1863 and was just beneath the surface of the ground. Passengers were transported in windowless carriages, which were pulled through the narrow tunnels by steam engines. This required large air holes leading to the surface at regular intervals to let out smoke from the tunnel, so that people could get fresh air and would not choke. In the following decades, more underground lines were built.
Thanks to electricity and improved tunnelling technology, the pace of development accelerated. The first railway tunnel under the Thames was completed in 1884, and the first electric underground railway opened in 1890. 25 Travelling on these lines was not convenient, though — the lines were very far from each other, and each was owned by a different company. Charles Yerkes, a wealthy American businessman, decided to improve the system by buying up the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London in 1902. In 1933, the London Underground and the different bus and train lines passed into public ownership.
26 When London was bombed, many underground stations served as bomb shelters. One line was converted (转变) into an underground airplane factory, and some underground stations were used by the government and the military as command centers and meeting rooms. After the war, there was an increase in ridership, so more lines were added, including the Victoria Line (1968) and the Jubilee Line (1979), which was the last line added to the network.
Today, the London Underground can carry more passengers than ever before. 27 The network now includes eleven lines and extends 250 miles out of central London.
A．Construction of the first railway proved to be inefficient.
B．The system is used by up to five million people per day.
C．The underground system had some unusual uses during World War Ⅱ.
D．In the future, the underground system may serve even more passengers.
E．Over the next twenty-five years, six independent deep underground lines were constructed.
F．However, as the railway was costly and required new train technology, construction was postponed.
G．There had been rail services in London since the 1830s, but most train lines stopped outside the city center.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题11 阅读七选五议论文
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 3
题型01 论点句题 3
题型02 论据支撑句题 4
题型03 过渡衔接句题 5
题型04 总结句题 7
高考练场 8
题型简介
高考英语阅读中的七选五议论文，旨在考查学生对议论性文本的语篇连贯性与逻辑性的把握。此类文章围绕特定观点展开论述，作者运用论据、推理来支持或反驳论点，话题涉猎教育改革、社会现象剖析、道德伦理探讨等领域，行文依靠论点、论据与论证的紧密配合，语言富有逻辑性，结构层次分明，而七选五题型要求学生从七个备选句子里挑出五个恰当的，嵌入文中空缺处，使文章语义通顺、论证连贯。
命题类型
论点句：常处于段落开头，用来明确提出该段落的核心主张，引领后续的论证阐述，为全段定下论述基调，例如 “In addition to economic benefits, there is another crucial aspect to consider.”，旗帜鲜明开启新论述方向。
论据支撑句：为已提出的论点补充事实依据、具体案例、统计数据、名人名言等内容，让抽象论点变得鲜活可感，增强说服力。比如论点是 “运动有益身心”，论据句可能列举长期运动人群的健康数据。
过渡衔接句：位于段落之间或段落内部，起到承上启下的关键作用，既总结上文关键要点，又自然流畅地开启下文新话题，确保论证层层递进、环环相扣，就像 “However, the situation is far from perfect, and new problems have emerged.”，在转折间推进论述。
总结句：常出现在段末，对全段论述内容进行扼要概括，再次强调论点，加深读者印象，或者对后续论证走向做含蓄铺垫，如 “In short, we need to take immediate action to address this issue.” 。
解题思路
速览全文抓主旨：快速通读文章，尤其留意文章标题、首段以及每段首尾句，迅速提炼核心论点，明确文章围绕什么主题、秉持什么立场在展开议论，为后续解题锚定大方向。
分析空处位置定功能：若空缺处在段首，优先考虑论点句，要能提纲挈领；位于段中，大概率是衔接过渡或补充论据；要是在段尾，多为总结收尾，或是抛出引出下段的悬念话题。
找关键词匹配：仔细研读空缺处上下文，圈出关键实词，比对选项，找出与之匹配的词汇，像同义词、反义词、同类词，借助语义关联锁定潜在答案，例如上文提及 “environmental protection”，选项含 “green initiatives” 就值得关注。
依循逻辑关系选：关注文中逻辑连接词，如表示并列的 “and”“also” ，转折的 “but”“however”，因果的 “so”“therefore” 等，据此判断选项与上下文逻辑是否契合，使文章论证行云流水。
代入通读核查：把选好的句子依次填入文中，完整通读一遍，检查文章整体语义连贯、逻辑通顺与否，如有语义跳跃、衔接生硬的地方，需重新审视选项。
题型01 论点句题
（24-25高三上·重庆·阶段练习）Worrying is just a familiar emotion that a person gets when he starts to get concerned about the outcome of something that he cares about. 1 It’s all about the triggers (诱因).
............
4 As you might have already guessed, not giving in to the first negative thought is one of the best strategies to deal with worrying. By pushing that negative thought away as soon as it appears you can give yourself the chance not to fall into this worrying trap.
............
A．More worrying means more time wasted.
B．This is where the downward cycle often begins.
C．But what we may not know is its negative effects.
D．But do you know how the worrying process starts
E．However, there are still ways to break free from this cycle.
F．You may study harder if worried about, for example, an upcoming exam.
G．The biggest problem here is that things people worry about are usually uncertain.
【答案】4．E
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了担忧这一情感的产生、影响以及如何应对担忧，作者提出了自己的观点和建议，引导读者对担忧进行理性思考和有效应对。
4．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“As you might have already guessed, not giving in to the first negative thought is one of the best strategies to deal with worrying. By pushing that negative thought away as soon as it appears you can give yourself the chance not to fall into this worrying trap. (正如你可能已经猜到的那样，不向第一个负面想法屈服是应对担忧的最佳策略之一。只要负面想法一出现，你就将其推开，这样你就能给自己一个不陷入这种担忧陷阱的机会。)”可知，下文提到摆脱担忧的方法是不向负面想法屈服。选项E“However, there are still ways to break free from this cycle. (然而，仍有办法摆脱这种循环。)”自然引出后文关于摆脱担忧循环的具体策略的内容，符合逻辑。故选E。
题型02 论据支撑句题
（2024·广东广州·一模）As a baby, Jack’s remarkable swimming journey began. At ten months, he already practised with swim aids. At six, he won his first swimming competition in a group for kids ten-and-under. At seven, he stayed at the pool from nine in the morning till eight hours later. His mother, recognizing his gift, took it as her duty to guide him. 11 By a young age, Jack had been ranked the number one swimmer of the country, a title he held for a record-breaking duration.
............
In a world that demands people to specialize early, we face a challenge to keep the benefits of diverse experiences and delayed concentration. There’s a need for those with Jack’s early focus. 15 — People who start with many different things and accept various experiences. People with range.
A．There was no time to waste.
B．And it was all going according to plan.
C．The growing complexity of the world also calls for more Sams.
D．But it didn’t seem to hold back his development in the long run.
E．In reality, the Sam’s path to success is far more common, yet less told.
F．In contrast to Jack, Sam didn’t show significant sporting talent until later.
G．Unlike the swimming talent, Sam’s early years were filled with a variety of sports.
【答案】 15．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过杰克和山姆不同的运动成长经历，探讨了早期专注专项训练与多样活动体验对成为冠军的不同影响，进而思考当下社会所需人才类型。
15．根据上文“In a world that demands people to specialize early, we face a challenge to keep the benefits of diverse experiences and delayed concentration. There’s a need for those with Jack’s early focus. (在一个要求人们尽早专注的世界里，我们面临着一个挑战，即保持多样化体验和延迟专注的好处。需要像杰克那样早期关注的人。)” 可知，这里已经提到了对于早期专注的需求，那么接下来应该会讲到世界对多样性和延迟专注的需求。选项C“世界日益复杂，也需要更多像山姆这样的人”符合语境，衔接下文恰当。故选C。
题型03 过渡衔接句题
（24-25高三上·四川泸州·阶段练习）Happiness is a paradoxical (自相矛盾) goal. We all want to be happy, yet we often fail at predicting what will make us happy. We pursue goals like wealth, fitness, status and mastery only to find that achieving them doesn’t really change our live. 16 . We worry about things we cannot control, hold grudges (仇恨)against people we cannot influence. and spend time on activities we don’t truly value.
17 But from my perspective, I have found a few maxims that have made my life better.
............
Meet other people more than halfway.
We are a narcissistic species. 20 Even our outwardly directed thoughts are often self-centered: We care about our relationship with other people. Absent our interest in them, we direct little mental capacity towards others’ viewpoints.
Those are my rules for happiness, what are yours What things do you try to live by that make you happier Share your thoughts in the comments.
A．Remember everything is a choice.
B．Striving is good, but achieving is overrated (高估).
C．Nearly all of our thoughts are directed towards ourselves
D．I don’t claim to have discovered the recipe for happiness
E．In contrast, we often deliberately make ourselves miserable
F．Much of happiness lies in little joys and moments that we can easily overlook.
G．Daydreaming about a possibility that isn’t practical doesn’t make you better off.
【答案】16．E 17．D
20．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“幸福”这一主题，探讨了人们追求幸福时常常陷入的矛盾和误区，并提出了一些实用的建议来改善生活，使读者能够反思并找到适合自己的幸福之道。
16．根据上文“Happiness is a paradoxical (自相矛盾) goal. We all want to be happy, yet we often fail at predicting what will make us happy We pursue goals like wealth, fitness, status and mastery only to find that achieving them doesn’t really change our live(幸福是一个自相矛盾的目标。我们都渴望幸福，然而我们常常无法预测什么会让我们感到幸福。我们追求财富、健康、地位
以及精通技能等目标，结果却发现实现这些目标其实并不会真正改变我们的生活。)”可知，人们经常想要追求幸福，但是却不能真正幸福。选项E“In contrast, we often deliberately make ourselves miserable(相反，我们经常故意让自己痛苦。)”延续上文内容，指出人们以为追求财富、健康、地位以及精通技能等目标可以让自己幸福，但是这些并不会改变生活，甚至会让自己痛苦。故选E。
17．根据下文“But from my perspective, I have found a few maxims that have made my life better.(但从我的角度来看，我发现了一些让我的生活变得更好的准则。)”中的“But”可推测，空处和“幸福的准则”相关。选项D“I don’t claim to have discovered the recipe for happiness(我不敢说我已经发现了幸福的秘诀。)”与此相符，自然引出下文内容，即作者发现了一些让生活更好的准则。故选D。
20．根据下文“Even our outwardly directed thoughts are often self-centered: We care about our relationship with other people.(甚至我们那些看似对外的想法往往也是以自我为中心的：我们在意自己与他人的关系。)”可知，下文提到我们的想法都是以自我为中心的。选项C“Nearly all of our thoughts are directed towards ourselves(几乎我们所有的想法都是指向自己的。)”与下文内容一致，都是在说人类是自我中心的。故选C。
题型04 总结句题
（2024·广东湛江·一模）Many significant international projects have considered how schooling might change to better match the changes that have taken place in the 21st century. 26 One is a shift in the meaning of knowledge, and the other is the need to build education systems based around what we now know about learning.
............
28 Nor does it deny the need for obvious goals for students’ knowledge development. Rather, the future-focused education literature suggests we need to adopt a much more complex view of knowledge, one that incorporates knowing, doing and being. Alongside this we need to rethink our ideas about how our learning systems are organized, resourced and supported. Research clearly shows that people do not learn well as passive recipients (接受者) of pre-packaged, bite-sized pieces of knowledge. 29
Although some of these principles are understood by many teachers, our education systems and practices are often set up in ways that do not support these principles to operate in practice. Teachers and school leaders are attempting paradigm (范式) shifts. 30
A．There needs to be wider public support for them.
B．There are two important ideas that support this work.
C．This does not mean that knowledge no longer matters.
D．Good learning requires active engagement in the “whole game”.
E．We are required to prepare young people for the knowledge age.
F．This is possible only when active learning approaches are applied.
G．In the knowledge age, the ability to generate value is put in the first place.
【答案】 29．D 30．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了教育如何进行改变，以更好地适应21世纪发生的变化。
29．根据前文“Research clearly shows that people do not learn well as passive recipients (接受者) of pre-packaged, bite-sized pieces of knowledge.”（研究清楚地表明，被动接受预先包装好的、零碎的知识不会让人学得很好。）可知，此处作者提出了他不赞长的“被动灌输”的学习的方式，因此，空处应该是作者认可的学习方式。选项D“Good learning requires active engagement in the “whole game”.”（良好的学习需要积极参与“整个游戏”。），表明积极参与是有利于学习的，符合题意，故选D项。
30．根据前文“Although some of these principles are understood by many teachers, our education systems and practices are often set up in ways that do not support these principles to operate in practice. Teachers and school leaders are attempting paradigm (范式) shifts. ”（虽然其中一些原则被许多教师所理解，但我们的教育系统和实践往往是以不支持这些原则在实践中运作的方式建立起来的。教师和学校领导正在尝试范式转变。）可知，许多教师理解的原则在实践中并不被教育系统所支持，大大促使教师和学校领导要做出转变。作为段落的结尾句，应该提出对于教师和学校领导的转变要有支持。选项A“There needs to be wider public support for them.”（他们需要得到更广泛的公众支持。）中的“them”指代前文的“teachers and school leaders”，符合题意，故选A项。
(2024年新课标高考英语甲卷)
What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【16题详解】
上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。
(2022年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语试题)
I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. 1
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. 2 And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. 3 You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
4 Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. 5 This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A．It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B．But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C．The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D．As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E．You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F．As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G．But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．F 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
1．根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D项。
2．根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
3．根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。
4．根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选F项。
5．根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选G项。
(江苏省南京市第十三中学2023-2024学年高考模拟英语试卷)
Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including fancy galleries, people’s living rooms, and on the sides of buildings. So, why is art important
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and communication. 6 It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak. In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.
7 . When someone applies for a job, there are certain skills they need to have like data analysis or bookkeeping. However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.
It provides historical context. 8 . This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more. When we take the time to dive into art created in the past, we can learn about other generations and eras. We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it. 9 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss. 10 . In one important study, children between 6 and 12 were asked to draw a house as a distraction after thinking about something upsetting. This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.
A．It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.
B．These are its major benefits.
C．It can help people handle mental problems.
D．Art and human history go hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.
F．How does it have an impact on our life
G．Children love to draw, sing and dance.
【答案】6．G 7．A 8．D 9．E 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了艺术重要的原因。
6．根据下文“It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak.”（这是他们在会说话之前表达自己的一种方式。）和“In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.”（事实上，参与艺术活动甚至可以帮助孩子提高语言、运动技能和视觉学习能力。）可知，下一句中的“them”和“they”指的是“孩子”，选项G. Children love to draw, sing, and dance.（孩子们喜欢画画、唱歌和跳舞。）与下文句意相连，“them”和“they”指代G中的“Chidren”，“It”指代G中提到的“draw, sing and dance”，衔接合理。故选G。
7．空处为该段的主题句，分析了艺术重要的原因之一。根据下文“However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.”（然而，许多雇主也明白对那些难以衡量和定义的技能的重要需求，一些例子包括一个人适应变化、创造性思考或与团队成员合作的能力。）可知，该段主要表达了很多工作都需要员工具有一定的软技能，选项A. It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.（它帮助我们所有人发展必要的软技能。）指出了艺术可以帮助人们发展必要的软技能，这是艺术重要的原因之一，符合本段主题。故选A。
8．根据上一句“It provides historical context.”（它提供了历史背景。）和下一句“This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more.”（这就是为什么人们毕生致力于研究洞穴艺术，莎士比亚戏剧，以及更多的东西。）可知，艺术具有历史背景，通过研究艺术，可以发掘更多的历史知识，可见艺术和历史是戚戚相关的。选项D. Art and human history go hand-in-hand.（艺术和人类历史是密不可分的。）表达了这层含义，下一句中的“This”指的就是选项D所表达的内容，语意衔接合理，符合语境。故选D。
9．根据上一句“We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it.”（我们可以通过学习艺术来了解前人所面临的问题，以及他们是如何克服的。），选项E. Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.（同样，子孙后代将通过我们留下的艺术来了解当前的事件。）进一步解释说明了“It provides historical context.”（艺术可以提供历史背景。）这一段落主旨，我们可以通过艺术了解前人，同样我们的后代也可以通过艺术了解我们，语意衔接合理，符合主题。故选E。
10．根据上一句“In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss.”（在治疗环境中，艺术也提供了一个深入挖掘和表达难以讨论的情感的机会。）和下文“This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.”（与那些被指导画消极事件或只是复制另一幅画的孩子相比，这组孩子的情绪得到了改善。）可知，艺术能够帮助孩子们挖掘和表达情感，并改善情绪，选项C. It can help people handle mental problems.（它可以帮助人们解决心理问题。）表达了这层含义，也是该段的主题句。故选C。
A
（24-25高三上·山西·阶段练习）It is not generally realized, for example, that a tale written in China in the ninth century is the world’s oldest known version of the story of Cinderella. The next earliest was not published until seven hundred years later — in Lyons, France, in 1544. In addition, 350 other stories that are related in some way to Cinderella have been collected from every continent.
Those Cinderella stories fall into two main groups. In one, the focus is on the ball, while comparatively little attention is paid to the supernatural force that helps her. This is the type most familiar to us and most commonly found in western Europe. In those found in eastern Europe, much attention is paid to the helpful animals. But the Chinese version contains both.
Old though it is, the Chinese version shows definite signs of having been based on still earlier — and now lost — versions. The incident of the ball, for example, is linked with the rest of the story so unnaturally that it seems that the author has borrowed this incident from some still earlier version, but without clearly understanding its significance. It will also be remembered that the king who married the girl came from a country called T’o-huan. Though this country is not identified in the story, we know from Chinese historical writings of that time that there was a small country by that name located near a region called T’o-ho-lo. And T’o-ho-lo can be identified with certainty as close to the modern city of Bangkok in Thailand. This makes it probable that the Chinese story of Cinderella did not originate in China, but was taken there from Southeast Asia, perhaps by the Arabs who went as traders to Canton in large numbers.
This story shows that the same simple virtues which are regarded as basic in the West have been emphasized for centuries in China and other parts of Asia. It is but one example of the way a story or an idea can travel all over the world.
1．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
A．A story usually has different origins.
B．Chinese literature has a very long history.
C．Different countries may have similar stories.
D．French literature was influenced by the Chinese.
2．What is unique about the Chinese version of Cinderella
A．The plot develops more naturally.
B．It is centered on those helpful animals.
C．Relatively little attention is paid to the ball.
D．It stresses both the ball and the supernatural force.
3．Which evidence shows that the Chinese version originates in Southeast Asia
A．The original writer’s identity. B．Some related historical records.
C．A newly found version of the story. D．A well-known kingdom in the story.
4．How is the text mainly developed
A．By analyzing an example. B．By reviewing studies.
C．By telling a very old story. D．By conducting surveys.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要论述的是作者认为人类的基本道德品质是相近的，文化、思想也是相互交流的。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It is not generally realized, for example, that a tale written in China in the ninth century is the world’s oldest known version of the story of Cinderella. The next earliest was not published until seven hundred years later— in Lyons, France, in 1544. In addition, 350 other stories that are related in some way to Cinderella have been collected from every continent.(例如，人们普遍没有意识到，九世纪写在中国的一个故事是世界上已知的最古老的灰姑娘的故事版本。下一个最早的版本直到七百年后的1544年才在法国里昂出版。此外，还从世界各地收集了350个与灰姑娘有关的故事。)”可知，根据第一段的实例以及数据可知，不同的国家可能有相似的故事。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Those Cinderella stories fall into two main groups. In one, the focus is on the ball, while comparatively little attention is paid to the supernatural force that helps her. This is the type most familiar to us and most commonly found in western Europe. In those found in eastern Europe, much attention is paid to the helpful animals. But the Chinese version contains both.(灰姑娘的故事主要分为两类。其中一个故事的焦点是舞会，而帮助她的超自然力量相对较少受到关注。这是我们最熟悉的类型，在西欧最常见。在东欧发现的那些动物中，人们非常关注有用的动物。但中文版本两者都包含。)”可知，中国版的灰姑娘的中国版的灰姑娘是它同时强调舞会和超自然力量。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Though this country is not identified in the story, we know from Chinese historical writings of that time that there was a small country by that name located near a region called T’o-ho-lo. And T’o-ho-lo can be identified with certainty as close to the modern city of Bangkok in Thailand. This makes it probable that the Chinese story of Cinderella did not originate in China, but was taken there from Southeast Asia, perhaps by the Arabs who went as traders to Canton in large numbers.(虽然这个国家在故事中没有被确定，但我们从当时的中国历史著作中知道，在一个叫做“T'o-ho-lo”的地区附近有一个叫这个名字的小国。而T'o-ho-lo可以确定为接近泰国的现代城市曼谷。这使得中国的灰姑娘故事很可能不是起源于中国，而是由东南亚带到中国的，也许是由大量前往广州经商的阿拉伯人带到中国的。)”可知，一些相关的历史记录证据表明中国版本起源于东南亚。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是第一段中“It is not generally realized, for example, that a tale written in China in the ninth century is the world’s oldest known version of the story of Cinderella.(例如，人们普遍没有意识到，九世纪写在中国的一个故事是世界上已知的最古老的灰姑娘的故事版本。)”以及最后一段中“It is but one example of the way a story or an idea can travel all over the world.(这只是一个故事或想法可以传遍世界的例子。)”可推知，作者希望通过灰姑娘这个例子来证明其观点：人类的基本道德品质是相近的，思想文化也是相互融通的。故选A项。
B
（24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）I often remind myself that Inside Out is a movie made for kids. Maybe because I was 9 years old when I first watched it. Back then, it was just a fun movie about colorful characters inside a girl’s head: Joy, Sadness, Fear, Anger, and Disgust. And guess what my favorite is Joy! I admired her sparkle and the way she made everything feel brighter. I feel like she was the only important emotion because she made Riley happy.
Now, I am an 18-year-old grown-up. I was excited when I heard Inside Out 2 is coming out in 2024. Who said this is just for kids My younger self back in 2015 would definitely tease me for watching “child’s stuff.” But this new part is adding even more depth, introducing new emotions like Embarrassment, Ennui (无聊), Envy, and Anxiety.
It feels like the movie waited for us to grow up to launch part 2. They want us to feel what Riley’s feeling. It’s like they knew we needed time to understand the first movie fully, and now they’re ready to take us deeper.
And yes, it did go deeper. I never expected that this movie would make me shed tears. “I don’t know how to stop anxiety. Maybe it’s true that when you grow old, you’ll feel less happy.” And you know what That’s perfectly fine. It’s okay to feel anxious, it’s okay to be scared, and it’s okay to realize that this world is not only about happiness.
Growing up, you will realize that Joy isn’t the only important emotion. All of our emotions are meant to be felt, even the hard ones. They shape how we see the world and how we connect with each other. This showed us that our feelings are part of what makes us who we are. They’re not something to hide or ignore—they’re the heartbeats of our experiences, guiding us through life’s ups and downs. So, let’s embrace them, cherish them, and remember that feeling all our emotions deeply is a beautiful part of being alive.
5．What did the author think of Inside Out when first watching it
A．It was intended for children. B．It was difficult for kids to understand.
C．It taught important lessons about emotions. D．It offered useful advice on how to be happy.
6．Why did Inside Out 2 come out so many years later according to the author
A．To wait for Riley to grow up.
B．To create more colorful characters.
C．To target a wider range of audience age groups.
D．To guarantee a better understanding of the movie.
7．Why did the author cry when watching Inside Out 2
A．The author learned a bitter truth.
B．The author related deeply to the movie.
C．The movie made the author anxious and scared.
D．The movie fell short of the author’s expectations.
8．What is the message the author hopes to convey
A．Growing up is a painful process.
B．Joy is unnecessary to a beautiful life.
C．It’s impossible to hide or ignore our emotions.
D．A mix of emotions makes us unique and beautiful.
【答案】5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者对《头脑特工队》的情感思考。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I often remind myself that Inside Out is a movie made for kids. Maybe because I was 9 years old when I first watched it. (我经常提醒自己，《头脑特工队》是一部为孩子们制作的电影。也许是因为我第一次看这部电影的时候才9岁。)”可知，作者第一次看《头脑特工队》时认为它是为孩子制作的。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“It feels like the movie waited for us to grow up to launch part 2. They want us to feel what Riley’s feeling. It’s like they knew we needed time to understand the first movie fully, and now they’re ready to take us deeper. (感觉这部电影等我们长大后才推出第二部。他们想让我们感受Riley的感受。就好像他们知道我们需要时间来完全理解第一部电影，现在他们准备带我们深入了解。)”可知，作者认为《头脑特工队2》之所以在多年后推出，是为了让观众有足够的时间来理解第一部电影，并准备好深入探索。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I never expected that this movie would make me shed tears. (我从来没有想到这部电影会让我流泪。)”和“It’s okay to feel anxious, it’s okay to be scared, and it’s okay to realize that this world is not only about happiness. (焦虑是正常的，害怕是正常的，意识到这个世界不仅仅是幸福是正常的。)”可知，作者在观看《头脑特工队2》时深受触动，与电影产生了深刻的共鸣。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Growing up, you will realize that Joy isn’t the only important emotion. All of our emotions are meant to be felt, even the hard ones. They shape how we see the world and how we connect with each other. This showed us that our feelings are part of what makes us who we are. (长大后，你会意识到快乐并不是唯一重要的情感。我们所有的情感都是要被感知的，即使是最强烈的情感。它们塑造了我们如何看待世界，以及我们如何相互联系。这告诉我们，我们的感觉是决定我们是谁的一部分)”可知，作者希望传达的信息是，我们的情感是我们的一部分，它们塑造了我们的世界观和人际关系，混合的情感使我们独特而美丽。故选D。
C
（24-25高三上·浙江·阶段练习）Always busy “doing” things If so, you may be suffering from “toxic productivity,” a destructive rather than productive behavior.
I imagine you’re thinking, “Productivity must be good, right ” But toxic productivity, in contrast with regular productivity, is an excessive need to always be productive, regardless of the cost to your health, relationships, and life.
If you’re driven to continuously “produce” or “do” things, whether at work or at home, the results are frequently not your best — they’re usually delivered without any delay and without sufficient forethought, analysis, planning or reflection. And if, in the doing, you’re also exhausted and burned out — or feeling guilty for not doing more or better — you are very likely suffering from toxic productivity.
Often, I see coaching clients who have a challenge in front of them, and their first response is to do something, at once. Anything. They don’t want to sit with the problem, they don’t want to think about it, nor do they want to take time to reflect on any options for action. All they want to do is hear what the issue is — sometimes without even fully understanding it — and then quickly get straight on with the “doing.” Whatever their reason, these clients, like many people, just want to get on and “do” — even if this means getting poorer results.
There are all sorts of reasons for this toxic productivity. Number one is that “doing” often feels more comfortable than “not doing.” There’s often a firm belief that action speaks louder than words and that it’s a virtue to act fast. In the workplace, for example, leaders want to demonstrate that they are successful, which they usually associate with being productive. There is also a competitive culture among junior staff wanting to stand out as keen, hard workers in order to progress in their careers. And thus, a culture of toxic productivity can develop throughout an organisation.
9．How is toxic productivity different from regular productivity
A．It is harmful. B．It is flexible.
C．It is more efficient. D．It is more time-consuming.
10．Who are most likely to suffer from toxic productivity
A．Clients avoiding challenges. B．Junior staff eager to stand out.
C．Leaders satisfied with their success. D．Workers reflecting on options before acting.
11．What is the main reason for toxic productivity
A．A strong desire for success. B．Too much emphasis on virtues.
C．A cultural preference for action. D．Too much pressure from others.
12．Which of following best describes toxic productivity
A．Doing is undoing. B．The sooner the better.
C．Enough is enough. D．Better safe than sorry.
【答案】9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了“有毒生产力”的概念及其对个人和组织的负面影响。
9．推理判断题。由文章第二段中“But toxic productivity, in contrast with regular productivity, is an excessive need to always be productive, regardless of the cost to your health, relationships, and life. (但与正常的生产力相比，过度生产力是一种不顾健康、人际关系和生活代价，一味追求生产力的过度需求。)”可知，有毒生产力是有害的。故选 A。
10．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“In the workplace, for example, leaders want to demonstrate that they are successful, which they usually associate with being productive. There is also a competitive culture among junior staff wanting to stand out as keen, hard workers in order to progress in their careers. And thus, a culture of toxic productivity can develop throughout an organisation.(例如，在职场中，领导者想要证明自己是成功的，而他们通常将这种成功与生产力联系起来。初级员工之间也存在一种竞争文化，他们想要通过表现出自己的热情和努力工作来脱颖而出，以便在职业生涯中取得进步。因此，一种有毒的生产力文化可能会在整个组织中形成。)”可知，初级员工为了在职场中脱颖而出，往往更容易陷入有毒生产力的陷阱。故选 B。
11．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“There’s often a firm belief that action speaks louder than words and that it’s a virtue to act fast. In the workplace, for example, leaders want to demonstrate that they are successful, which they usually associate with being productive. (人们通常坚信行动胜于言语，快速行动是一种美德。例如，在职场中，领导者想要证明自己是成功的，而他们通常将这种成功与生产力联系起来。)”可知，有毒生产力的主要原因是文化上对行动的偏好。故选 C。
12．推理判断题。由文章第四段中“All they want to do is hear what the issue is — sometimes without even fully understanding it — and then quickly get straight on with the “doing.” Whatever their reason, these clients, like many people, just want to get on and “do” — even if this means getting poorer results. (他们想做的就是听到问题是什么——有时甚至没有完全理解它——然后迅速直接“做”。不管他们的原因是什么，这些客户和许多人一样，只是想要继续“做”——即使这意味着得到更差的结果。)”可知，有毒生产力的特点是过度强调“做”，“Doing is undoing (做就是不做)”最能描述有毒生产力的本质。故选 A。
D
（23-24高三上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including fancy galleries, people’s living rooms, and on the sides of buildings. So, why is art important
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and communication. 13 It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak. In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.
14 . When someone applies for a job, there are certain skills they need to have like data analysis or bookkeeping. However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.
It provides historical context. 15 . This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more. When we take the time to dive into art created in the past, we can learn about other generations and eras. We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it. 16 .
In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss. 17 . In one important study, children between 6 and 12 were asked to draw a house as a distraction after thinking about something upsetting. This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.
A．It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.
B．These are its major benefits.
C．It can help people handle mental problems.
D．Art and human history go hand-in-hand.
E．Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.
F．How does it have an impact on our life
G．Children love to draw, sing and dance.
【答案】13．G 14．A 15．D 16．E 17．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了艺术重要的原因。
13．根据下文“It’s a way for them to express themselves before they’re able to speak.”（这是他们在会说话之前表达自己的一种方式。）和“In fact, participation in the arts may even assist kids with language, motor skills, and visual learning development.”（事实上，参与艺术活动甚至可以帮助孩子提高语言、运动技能和视觉学习能力。）可知，下一句中的“them”和“they”指的是“孩子”，选项G. Children love to draw, sing, and dance.（孩子们喜欢画画、唱歌和跳舞。）与下文句意相连，“them”和“they”指代G中的“Chidren”，“It”指代G中提到的“draw, sing and dance”，衔接合理。故选G。
14．空处为该段的主题句，分析了艺术重要的原因之一。根据下文“However, many employers also understand the very important need for the skills which are hard to measure and often difficult to define. Some examples include a person’s ability to adapt to change, think creatively, or collaborate with team members.”（然而，许多雇主也明白对那些难以衡量和定义的技能的重要需求，一些例子包括一个人适应变化、创造性思考或与团队成员合作的能力。）可知，该段主要表达了很多工作都需要员工具有一定的软技能，选项A. It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills.（它帮助我们所有人发展必要的软技能。）指出了艺术可以帮助人们发展必要的软技能，这是艺术重要的原因之一，符合本段主题。故选A。
15．根据上一句“It provides historical context.”（它提供了历史背景。）和下一句“This is why people dedicate their lives to studying cave art, Shakespearean plays, and so much more.”（这就是为什么人们毕生致力于研究洞穴艺术，莎士比亚戏剧，以及更多的东西。）可知，艺术具有历史背景，通过研究艺术，可以发掘更多的历史知识，可见艺术和历史是戚戚相关的。选项D. Art and human history go hand-in-hand.（艺术和人类历史是密不可分的。）表达了这层含义，下一句中的“This”指的就是选项D所表达的内容，语意衔接合理，符合语境。故选D。
16．根据上一句“We can study art to find out what those before us were facing and how they overcame it.”（我们可以通过学习艺术来了解前人所面临的问题，以及他们是如何克服的。），选项E. Similarly, future generations will learn about current events by the art we leave behind.（同样，子孙后代将通过我们留下的艺术来了解当前的事件。）进一步解释说明了“It provides historical context.”（艺术可以提供历史背景。）这一段落主旨，我们可以通过艺术了解前人，同样我们的后代也可以通过艺术了解我们，语意衔接合理，符合主题。故选E。
17．根据上一句“In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss.”（在治疗环境中，艺术也提供了一个深入挖掘和表达难以讨论的情感的机会。）和下文“This group was able to improve their mood when compared with children who were instructed to draw the negative event or simply copy another drawing.”（与那些被指导画消极事件或只是复制另一幅画的孩子相比，这组孩子的情绪得到了改善。）可知，艺术能够帮助孩子们挖掘和表达情感，并改善情绪，选项C. It can help people handle mental problems.（它可以帮助人们解决心理问题。）表达了这层含义，也是该段的主题句。故选C。
E
（23-24高三·湖北·阶段练习）What a comedian can teach you about managing stress
We often accept stress as part of the cost of modern life, but it really doesn’t have to be. We all know that laughter is the best medicine. 18 People who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and stronger. Here is what a comedian says about coping with stress.
You can try to find a different perspective. 19 Once a friend of mine fell asleep in the middle of a class. His teacher decided to make fun of him by inviting students to applaud, wondering whether my friend would applaud along when he woke up. He did and the whole class burst outlaughing. After learning everything, he was both embarrassed and ashamed of course but after a while, my friend laughed. “If this had happened to someone else, it would have been amusing. So it’s no less funny, just because it happened to me. “
20 There’s no doubt that we all experience great stress now and then. We’ve all been personally affected, in some way. You might not have felt like laughing at the time But now, looking back, you could consider all of the strange aspects of the experience and all of the things you did to keep active or simply stay sane (神志正常的) .
When you share stories with your friends, you can choose to share stories of trauma (创伤) and pain, or you can choose to lift their spirits with stories of hope and growth. 21 Take the exact same story and change the focus from “feel sorry for me” to “laugh with me”. Keep in mind that we’re all in this together, that we all share the same ridiculous experiences, and that we can laugh together at whatever life throws at us. 22
A．Always share a good story.
B．Why not do what comedians do
C．You can also look again and laugh.
D．But laughter does more than cheer you up.
E．Then you are able to make a simple choice.
F．In this way. you will say goodbye to stress forever.
G．If you have trouble seeing the funny side, you may find the following inspiring.
【答案】18．D 19．G 20．C 21．B 22．E
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了笑能帮助我们缓解压力，生活中要笑对困境，看向事物积极的一面。
18．前文提到“We all know that laughter is the best medicine.”（我们都知道笑容是最好的良药），后文提到“People who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and stronger.”（能对自己的不幸一笑置之的人能更快更坚强地振作起来。）由此判断，笑容还能让人更快地恢复过来。D项“But laughter does more than cheer you up.”（但是笑不仅仅是让你开心。）旨在说明笑不只是让人心情好起来，它还有后文提到的“Here is what a comedian says about coping with stress.”（以下是一位喜剧演员对应对压力的看法。）减少压力的作用。D项符合文意，故选D。
19．第二段第一句提到“You can try to find a different perspective. ”（你可以尝试换个角度）。下文作者讲了朋友的一个故事，旨在证明只要找到了好笑的点，就可以把一件尴尬的事情变成一件好笑的事情。而读者可以从这个故事里获得灵感，受到鼓舞。从上下文可以得知，这个角度实际上指的是看到事情的有趣的地方，找到好笑的点。G项“If you have trouble seeing the funny side, you may find the following inspiring.”（如果你很难看到有趣的一面，你可能会发现下面的故事很鼓舞人心。）该项与后文的故事为解释例证关系。G项符合文意，故选G。
20．空处位于段首，由此判断该句应为该段的主题句，后文提到“You might not have felt like laughing at the time But now, looking back, you could consider all of the strange aspects of the experience and all of the things you did to keep active or simply stay sane (神志正常的) .”（当时你可能不想笑，但现在，回头看，你可以考虑所有奇怪的方面的经验和所有的事情，你做了保持活跃或只是保持理智。）每个人都会经历压力并受到影响，当时也许笑不出来，但是回头看看，想起做过的奇怪的事情，也许就会笑了。C项“You can also look again and laugh.”（你可以回过头看看，然后大笑一场） 该项符合文意，故选C。
21．前文提到“When you share stories with your friends, you can choose to share stories of trauma (创伤) and pain, or you can choose to lift their spirits with stories of hope and growth.”（当你和朋友分享故事时，你可以选择分享创伤和痛苦的故事，也可以选择用希望和成长的故事来鼓舞他们的精神。）后文提到“Take the exact same story and change the focus from “feel sorry for me” to “laugh with me”. ”（以同样的故事为例，把重点从“为我感到难过”转变为“和我一起笑”。）由此判断，该段说明可以把难过的事情转换成另外一个方面去吸收。结合文章标题“What a comedian can teach you about managing stress”（喜剧演员可以教你如何管理压力）可知，喜剧演员会让观众一起笑起来。B项“Why not do what comedians do ”（为什么不学学喜剧演员呢 ）B项符合文意，故选B。
22．前文提到“Keep in mind that we’re all in this together, that we all share the same ridiculous experiences, and that we can laugh together at whatever life throws at us. ”（请记住，我们都在一起，我们都有同样荒谬的经历，我们可以一起嘲笑生活给我们的任何东西。），此空前面建议人们要认识到每个人都会经历不好的事情，无论经历什么，我们都可以发笑。所以此空应该是这么做的好处。E项“Then you are able to make a simple choice.”（然后你就可以做一个简单的选择。）E项符合文意，故选E。
F
（24-25高三上·湖南·阶段练习）The London Underground, or the Tube, as it is usually known, is the oldest underground system in the world. 23 Horse-drawn vehicles were used to transport people in and out of the city, and this caused unbelievable traffic jams.
Something had to be done. In 1854, plans for an underground railway in central London received government approval. 24 The first line was finally opened in 1863 and was just beneath the surface of the ground. Passengers were transported in windowless carriages, which were pulled through the narrow tunnels by steam engines. This required large air holes leading to the surface at regular intervals to let out smoke from the tunnel, so that people could get fresh air and would not choke. In the following decades, more underground lines were built.
Thanks to electricity and improved tunnelling technology, the pace of development accelerated. The first railway tunnel under the Thames was completed in 1884, and the first electric underground railway opened in 1890. 25 Travelling on these lines was not convenient, though — the lines were very far from each other, and each was owned by a different company. Charles Yerkes, a wealthy American businessman, decided to improve the system by buying up the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London in 1902. In 1933, the London Underground and the different bus and train lines passed into public ownership.
26 When London was bombed, many underground stations served as bomb shelters. One line was converted (转变) into an underground airplane factory, and some underground stations were used by the government and the military as command centers and meeting rooms. After the war, there was an increase in ridership, so more lines were added, including the Victoria Line (1968) and the Jubilee Line (1979), which was the last line added to the network.
Today, the London Underground can carry more passengers than ever before. 27 The network now includes eleven lines and extends 250 miles out of central London.
A．Construction of the first railway proved to be inefficient.
B．The system is used by up to five million people per day.
C．The underground system had some unusual uses during World War Ⅱ.
D．In the future, the underground system may serve even more passengers.
E．Over the next twenty-five years, six independent deep underground lines were constructed.
F．However, as the railway was costly and required new train technology, construction was postponed.
G．There had been rail services in London since the 1830s, but most train lines stopped outside the city center.
【答案】23．G 24．F 25．E 26．C 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伦敦地铁从19世纪中叶开始的发展历程，包括其建设、技术进步和二战期间的特殊用途。
23．由上文“The London Underground, or the Tube, as it is usually known, is the oldest underground system in the world. (伦敦地铁，通常被称为地铁，是世界上最古老的地铁系统。)”可知，上文介绍了伦敦地铁是世界上最古老的地铁系统，此处需要引出下文对伦敦地铁历史的介绍。G选项“There had been rail services in London since the 1830s, but most train lines stopped outside the city center. (自19世纪30年代以来，伦敦就有了铁路服务，但大多数铁路线都停在市中心以外。)”与上文提到的伦敦地铁作为世界上最古老的地铁系统相呼应，符合题意。故选G。
24．由上文“In 1854, plans for an underground railway in central London received government approval. (1854年，伦敦市中心地铁的计划获得了政府的批准。)”和下文“The first railway tunnel under the Thames was completed in 1884, and the first electric underground railway opened in 1890. (泰晤士河下的第一条铁路隧道于1884年完工，第一条电动地铁于1890年开通。)可知，虽然1854年地铁的计划就获批准，但只到1890年第一条地铁才开通，说明建设被推迟了。F选项“However, as the railway was costly and required new train technology, construction was postponed. (然而，由于铁路成本高且需要新的火车技术，建设被推迟了。)”承上启下，说明工程推迟和其原因。故选F。
25．由上文“The first railway tunnel under the Thames was completed in 1884, and the first electric underground railway opened in 1890. (泰晤士河下的第一条铁路隧道于1884年完工，第一条电动地铁于1890年开通。)”可知，上文提到了泰晤士河下的铁路隧道和电动地铁的开通，此处需要说明接下来地铁系统的发展。E选项“Over the next twenty-five years, six independent deep underground lines were constructed. (在接下来的25年里，修建了六条独立的深层地铁线路。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
26．由下文“When London was bombed, many underground stations served as bomb shelters. One line was converted (转变) into an underground airplane factory, and some underground stations were used by the government and the military as command centers and meeting rooms. (当伦敦遭到轰炸时，许多地铁站被用作防空洞。一条线路被改造成地下飞机工厂，一些地铁站被政府和军方用作指挥中心和会议室。)”可知，下文提到了伦敦在二战期间地铁站的非常规用途，此处需要一个句子来概括下文的内容。C选项“The underground system had some unusual uses during World War Ⅱ. (地铁系统在二战期间有一些不寻常的用途。)”能够概括下文的内容，符合题意。故选C。
27．由上文“Today, the London Underground can carry more passengers than ever before. (如今，伦敦地铁能搭载的乘客比以往任何时候都多。)”可知，上文提到了伦敦地铁如今能搭载的乘客比以往任何时候都多，此处需要说明伦敦地铁的搭载乘客现状。B选项“The system is used by up to five million people per day. (该系统每天有多达500万人使用。)”提到了伦敦地铁每天的使用人数，是对上文“能搭载的乘客比以往任何时候都多”的具体说明，符合题意。故选B。
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