Module 4 Seeing the doctor重点语法讲练（含答案）2024-2025学年外研版八年级英语下册

Module 4重点语法讲练 2024-2025学年外研版八年级英语下册
现在完成时(3)语法讲解与练习
一、现在完成时与for/since连用
现在完成时表示某一行为或状态从过去某时开始，一直持续到现在，可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去。
- for + 时间段：表示动作持续的时间长度
- since + 时间点/从句：表示动作开始的具体时间
例句：
1. Jim has studied Chinese for five years. 吉姆学习汉语五年了。
2. They have worked here since three years ago. 他们自从三年前就在这里工作。
3. I have taught English since I came to this school. 自从我来到这所学校，我就教英语。
注意：
1. for后接时间段，since后接过去的时间点或从句
2. 对for或since引导的时间状语提问用how long
二、非延续性动词的用法
英语中有些动词表示的动作不能延续，被称为非延续性动词。在现在完成时中：
1. 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用（否定句除外）
2. 若要与时间段连用，需要：
- 用"be+形容词/副词"或"be+介词短语"替换
- 用对应的延续性动词或短语替换
常用转换：
| 非延续性动词 | 延续性表达 |
| begin/start | be on |
| go there | be there |
| come back | be back |
| open | be open |
| die | be dead |
| finish | be over |
| leave | be away |
| borrow | keep |
| buy | have |
| put on | wear |
助记口诀：
非延续性动词不能延，肯定句中不延时间段；
be加形/副把位占，keep，have常顶班。
练习题
一、用for或since填空
1. I have known her ______ 2018.
2. They have lived here ______ ten years.
3. She has been a teacher ______ she graduated.
4. We have waited ______ two hours.
5. He has been ill ______ last Monday.
二、改错题
找出并改正下列句子中的错误：
1. The meeting has begun for 30 minutes.
2. I have bought this car since 2020.
3. How long have you come to this city
4. She has married for five years.
5. They have arrived here for a week.
三、句型转换
按要求改写句子：
He left Shanghai three days ago. (用现在完成时改写)
The shop opened at 8 am. It is now 11 am. (合并为现在完成时句子)
I borrowed this book two weeks ago. (用现在完成时改写，表示持续状态)
How long has she been a nurse (用since回答)
The film started. It is still on now. (合并为现在完成时句子)
四、翻译题
将下列句子翻译成英语：
这本书我已经借了两周了。
自从他退休后，他就一直住在这里。
会议已经开始半小时了。
你认识李先生多久了？
我父亲买这辆车已经有五年了。
五、选择题
选择正确的选项：
1. He ______ here since last month.
A. has come
B. has been
C. came
D. comes
2. How long ______ you ______ this house
A. have; bought
B. did; buy
C. have; had
D. do; have
3. The light ______ for three hours.
A. has turned on
B. has been on
C. has turned
D. has opened
4. She ______ ill since Monday.
A. has fallen
B. fell
C. has been
D. was
5. We ______ each other for ten years.
A. have known
B. knew
C. know
D. has known
六、补全对话
根据上下文补全对话：
A: How long have you studied English
B: ______ (for five years).
A: When did you start learning
B: ______ (since I was ten years old).
A: Have you ever been to England
B: Yes, ______ (I went there last year).
A: How long did you stay there
B: ______ (for two months).
七、综合应用题
根据提示完成句子：
1. (begin) The concert ______ for half an hour. (用正确形式)
2. (buy) I ______ this computer since 2019. (用正确形式)
3. (know) How long ______ you ______ Mr. Wang (用正确形式)
4. (leave) He ______ his hometown for many years. (用正确形式)
5. (open) The museum ______ since 9 o'clock this morning. (用正确形式)
答案
一、用for或since填空
1. since
2. for
3. since
4. for
5. since
二、改错题
1. has begun → has been on
2. have bought → have had
3. have you come → have you been
4. has married → has been married
5. have arrived → have been here
三、句型转换
1. He has been away from Shanghai for three days.
2. The shop has been open since 8 am.
3. I have kept this book for two weeks.
4. She has been a nurse since...(具体时间)
5. The film has been on for...(具体时间)
四、翻译题
1. I have kept this book for two weeks.
2. He has lived here since he retired.
3. The meeting has been on for half an hour.
4. How long have you known Mr. Li
5. My father has had this car for five years.
五、选择题
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. A
六、补全对话
(参考答案)
B: For five years.
B: Since I was ten years old.
B: I went there last year.
B: For two months.
七、综合应用题
1. has been on
2. have had
3. have; known
4. has been away from
5. has been open