2025年中考英语复习专题十四 语篇填空（含解析）

专题十四 语篇填空参考答案
中考汇编
分类训练一　选词填空
Cloze 1(2024广东)
　　请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
it　either　be　because　what　else　by　invent　clean　popular　habit　hundred
There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put　1　 in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 　2　 it is Yes, it's the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history
According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 　3　 their teeth with some small tree branches(树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brush with pig hair and bamboo. It might 　4　 the world's earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went 　5　, the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horse-tail hair instead of pig hair 　6　 pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to 　7　 of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn't it
Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became 　8　 among local people soon. The 　9　 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good 　10　 of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it.
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6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了牙刷的发明及其发展历程。主题语境属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“科学与技术”这一主题群,涉及子主题“人类发明与创新”。
1.it　考查代词。设空处位于动词put后作宾语,指代上一句中的a small thing,应用代词it。下文中的Without it也证明该空填it。
2.what　考查宾语从句的连接词。根据后一句“Yes, it's the toothbrush.”可知,前一句是问“你能猜到它是什么吗 ”,故填what。
3.cleaned　考查一般过去时。分析句子可知,设空处缺少谓语动词,根据空后的their teeth with some small tree branches可知,这里说的是古人清洁牙齿的方法,结合供选词汇可知,应用clean;根据空前“before toothbrushes appeared”可知时态为一般过去时,故填cleaned。
4.be　考查谓语动词。空前为情态动词might,设空处应使用动词原形;根据句意,结合供选词汇可知,应补充“是”的含义,故填be。
5.by　考查动词搭配。go by “(时间)流逝”,为固定用法,故填by。
6.because　考查状语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导状语从句,空前说人们选择马尾毛代替猪毛,空后说猪毛太硬,为前“果”后“因”的关系,故填because。
7.hundreds　考查数词。根据空后的of years ago,并结合供选词汇可知,这里想表达的是“几百年前”,hundred前没有具体数字修饰且与of连用时,要加-s,故填hundreds。
8.popular　考查形容词。空前为系动词became,空处应用形容词,根据语境,结合供选词汇可知,应填popular,become popular among...“在……中受欢迎”。
9.invention　考查名词。根据后面的not as famous as that of paper-making,并结合供选词汇可知,这里说的是牙刷的发明不如造纸的发明有名,该空位于The和of之间,应用invent的名词形式,故填invention。
10.habit　考查名词。根据语境,结合供选词汇可知,这里想表达的是“刷牙的好习惯”,空前有冠词a,要用单数,故填habit。
Cloze 2(2024河南)
　　阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
final　I　decide　hard　what　work　driver　in　year　young
Hi, David,
How are you doing Do you remember we once talked about 　1　 jobs and careers(职业) we might do in the future I'm finding it very difficult to make up 　2　 mind.
My parents tell me I'm too 　3　 to be expected to know about my future. They say I can choose whatever I want to do in the end if I keep 　4　 hard at school. I'm not sure if I agree with them. I feel as if I'm the only person 　5　 my class who hasn't got a career in mind! It's a big decision to make, but even so it's much 　6　 than I thought.
Sometimes I think I'd like to go into medicine. My teacher thinks Chinese medicine will be greatly developed over the next few 　7　. That sounds really interesting!
Then again, I'd also love to be a racing 　8　. That's a very interesting field too! When I've 　9　 made my choice, I'll let you know! Have you 　10　 what you want to do Do let me know if you have!
Li Hua
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6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一封信,属于应用文。文章主要谈论了自己对未来从事的职业的迷茫与困惑。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中“做人与做事”这一主题群,涉及子主题“职业启蒙,职业精神”。
1.what　考查宾语从句的引导词。句意:你还记得我们曾经讨论过我们将来可能从事什么工作和职业吗 what引导宾语从句,符合语境。故填what。
2.my　考查形容词性物主代词。make up one's mind 为固定搭配,意为“下决心”,由语境可知此处表示“我下定决心”,应用形容词性物主代词my。故填my。
3.young　考查形容词。此处为too...to...结构,表示“太……以至于不能……”,由“too...to be expected to know about my future”可知,此处指父母告诉“我”现在“我”太……了,不能指望“我”了解自己的未来。young幼小的,年轻的,符合语境。故填young。
4.working　考查动词的非谓语形式。由空后的hard at school可知,此处指努力学习。work hard努力学习;keep doing sth.一直做某事。故填working。
5.in　考查介词。结合备选词,由my class可知,此处指“在我们班”。故填in。
6.harder　考查形容词比较级。结合语境和备选词可知,此处指“这比我想象的要难得多”。hard难,符合语境,由后面表示比较意义的词than可知,此处应该用比较级。故填harder。
7.years　考查名词。结合语境和备选词可知,此处表示“未来的几年”,year符合语境。year是可数名词,由前面的few可知,此处应该用复数形式。故填years。
8.driver　考查名词。结合语境和备选词可知,此处填表示职业的名词。driver司机,符合语境。此处指“我也想成为赛车手”。故填driver。
9.finally　考查副词。结合备选词,并分析语境,此处指“当我最终做出选择的时候,我会让你知道的”。final最后的,符合语境。设空处在句中作状语,应该用副词形式。故填finally。
10.decided　考查现在完成时。结合备选词可知,此处问“你已经决定你想做什么了吗 ”decide决定,符合语境。由句首的Have可知,本句是现在完成时,设空处应用动词的-ed形式。故填decided。
Cloze 3(2024山西)
　　请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。
she　make　club　much　value　different　he　tell　work　kind　parent　understand
Last year we had a new classmate. 　1　 name is Danny. He was tall and handsome with dark brown eyes. Many classmates liked him.
One day, we 　2　 that we would have a school trip at the end of the month. The whole class got very excited and the girls began to discuss what to wear and what to bring with them. But Danny simply told everyone he wouldn't go.
“Don't you like it, Danny ” our teacher Mr. Sims asked with 　3　.
Danny stood up and said, “It's too much money for me. My dad is ill in bed. My mom 　4　 in a supermarket every day. I'm not asking them for money.”
“I'm very proud of you that you can understand your 　5　. Not every student of your age can think about this,” Mr. Sims replied.
Then Mr. Sims said to the class, “This year, we are going to do things 　6　. Would you like to raise money for the trip by yourselves I hope each of you can come up with at least one idea. And we 　7　 a plan tomorrow.”
“Well, my family can afford the trip. Do I still have to do that ” Shelly asked.
“Shelly, this will be a different and 　8　 learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.”
That day, we knew Danny 　9　 than before because he was not only honest but also brave. His behavior(行为) helped us 　10　 what his family had or didn't have couldn't decide who he was. He won the respect of many of us.
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答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位新同学Danny因为家庭贫困不能参加学校组织的校游而引发的故事。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“社会服务与人际沟通”主题群,涉及“同伴交往,相互尊重,友好互助”子主题内容。
1.His　考查代词。由下句主语He可知,Danny是男生,设空处修饰后面的名词name,应用形容词性物主代词,句首单词首字母应大写。故填His。
2.were told　考查一般过去时的被动语态。结合备选词可知,此处指“我们”被告知月底将有一次学校旅行,应用被动语态;由从句谓语动词would have可知,动作发生在过去,句子用一般过去时;一般过去时的被动语态构成为“was/were+动词的-ed形式”;主语we是复数,所以用were,故填were told。
3.kindness　考查名词。结合备选词,由“Don't you like it, Danny ”可知,此处指老师和蔼地问。kind符合语境;设空处作介词with的宾语,应用名词形式,kind的名词形式为kindness。故填kindness。
4.works　考查一般现在时。结合备选词,由下文in a supermarket every day可知,此处指Danny的妈妈每天在超市工作,work符合语境;设空处在句中作谓语,由时间状语every day可知,本句应用一般现在时,句子主语My mom为第三人称单数。故填works。
5.parents　考查名词。由上文“My dad is ill in bed. My mom...in a supermarket every day.”可知,此处指Danny能理解他的父母,老师为他感到骄傲。故填parents。
6.differently　考查副词。由下文“Shelly, this will be a different and...”可知,此处指“今年,我们将采取不同的做法。”different符合语境;设空处修饰前面的动词do,应用副词形式。故填differently。
7.are going to make/will make　考查一般将来时。由a plan可知,此处指做计划,make a plan意为“做计划”,符合语境;设空处在句中作谓语,由时间状语 tomorrow可知本句应用一般将来时。故填are going to make/will make。
8.valuable　考查形容词。结合备选词,由上文学生们要自己组织为校游筹钱可推断此处指“这是不同的、有价值的学习经历”,value符合语境;设空处修饰后面的名词短语learning experience,应用形容词。value的形容词形式为 valuable。故填 valuable。
9.more　考查副词的比较级。结合语境和备选词可知,此处指同学们比以前更多地了解Danny了。much符合语境,由than可知,此处应用比较级。故填more。
10.(to)understand　考查动词的非谓语形式。结合备选词,由上文内容可知,此处指“他的行为帮助我们理解了……”。understand符合语境。help sb.(to)do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。故填(to)understand。
Cloze 4(2024陕西)
　　用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空, 使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次, 每空限填一个单词。)
be　end　easy　bird　problem　develop　get　noise　high　offer
　　Nature is wonderful. It 　1　 our best teacher. It teaches us a lot and we are born to learn from it to solve 　2　. For example, scientists used what they saw in nature to improve our way of travelling. In days of high-speed train research and 　3　, scientists were once faced with a noise problem. The trains pushed air through tunnels at 　4　 speeds. So, when a train came out of a tunnel, it could be very, very 　5　. However, kingfisher birds hardly make a sound when they get into lakes or rivers. Engineers 　6　 a clever idea. They changed the front of the trains to match the shape of the kingfisher. Then the air could 　7　 pass over the trains. The problem was solved!
The kingfisher 　8　 example is just one that we learned from nature. Scientists study the smart models that nature can 　9　. Then they use their wisdom(智慧)and imagination to design new products. Nature provides us with 　10　 possibilities to find wonderful ways to improve our lives. Learning from nature knows no bounds(永无止境)!
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6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。大自然是人类最好的老师,我们可以从中学到很多东西来解决面临的问题,文章举例说明科学家从翠鸟身上学到了如何解决高速列车出隧道时存在的噪声问题。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“科学与技术”主题群,涉及子主题“科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新”。
1.is　根据句子结构判断这里缺少了一个谓语动词,由于主语是It,由语境得知此处填be动词符合上下文意思。因本句陈述一般事实,用一般现在时。故填is。
2.problems　根据语境及搭配可以知道,solve“解决”可与problem“问题”搭配,此处要用复数形式泛指所有可能存在的问题。故填problems。
3.development　根据research and...可知此处and连接两个并列名词,表示高速列车的研究与开发,develop的名词形式为development,符合语境,故填development。
4.high　根据“The trains pushed air through tunnels at...speeds.”和常识可知火车通过隧道时速度非常快。at high speeds符合语境。故填high。
5.noisy　根据上文的a noise problem和常识可判断,当火车从隧道出来的时候会很吵。be动词后跟形容词构成系表结构,noise“噪声”的形容词形式为noisy“吵闹的”,故填noisy。
6.got　根据“They changed the front of the trains to match the shape of the kingfisher.”可知,工程师们从翠鸟那里得到启发,想出了一个主意。get“获得”符合语境;由下句谓语动词changed可知,事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填got。
7.easily　根据“The problem was solved!”可知科学家已经解决了噪声的问题,因为引起噪声的原因就是火车推挤空气,所以这里是指空气很容易地流过火车,不会产生很大的噪声。easy符合语境,因空处修饰动词pass,用副词形式,故填easily。
8.bird's/birds'　根据The kingfisher...example可知此处是指翠鸟的例子。bird“鸟”,空处可用单数形式所有格,也可用复数形式所有格,故填bird's/birds'。
9.offer　根据全文内容可知大自然为人们提供了很多充满智慧的例子。offer“提供”符合语境;can后跟动词原形。故填offer。
10.endless　根据“Learning from nature knows no bounds!”可知,向大自然学习永无止境。因此可推断大自然给我们提供了无限的可能,让我们寻找很棒的方法来提高我们的生活水平。end“结束”,它的变形endless“无穷无尽的,无限的”符合语境。故填endless。
Cloze 5(2024山西,B)
　　请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。
do　she　clean　leaf　interest　meaning　you　tell　have　thing　happy　celebrate
　　It was Friday afternoon. After getting off the school bus, Laura ran into the house 　1　.
“How was school, Laura ” asked 　2　 mom.
“It was great, Mom. Labor Day(劳动节) is coming. I am excited that I 　3　 no school next Monday!”
Laura was woken up early on Labor Day morning by her dad. He said that in honor of(纪念) Labor Day, the family planned 　4　 some cleaning. Laura couldn't believe it. She began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
“Laura, your breakfast is ready. We have many 　5　 to do today. Let's get a move on,” said Laura's mom. Laura asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today Isn't Labor Day a holiday ”
“Yes, Laura, it is,” replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you realize why Labor Day 　6　 in the beginning.”
Laura disliked the plan, but she had no choice. First, she was asked to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, her dad 　7　 her to give their dog a bath. It was a hard task, which needed a lot of careful work. She began the work unhappily.
But things began to change as she was doing the chores. She found it was so 　8　 with so many soap bubbles(泡泡) when she brushed the dog. Then it was yard work and she helped to pick up sticks. When she finished her chores, Laura felt happy to see the yard looked much 　9　 than before.
Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something 　10　 can also get special pleasure. Maybe this is the spirit of Labor Day.
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6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。劳动节期间,劳拉满怀欣喜想休息,家长却安排劳动,在劳动过程中劳拉发现了劳动的乐趣。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中“做人与做事”这一主题群,涉及子主题“劳动习惯与技能,热爱劳动”。
1.happily　考查副词。由下文“It was great”可知,劳拉高兴地跑进家里。设空处修饰前面的动词ran,应用副词形式。故答案为happily。
2.her　考查代词。由下文“It was great, Mom.”可知,此处指劳拉的妈妈,劳拉是女孩。故答案为her。
3.will have/am going to have/am having　考查动词时态。因为是劳动节,所以不用上学。have no school意为“不用上学”。由后面的时间状语next Monday可知,应用一般将来时。故答案为will have/am going to have/am having。
4.to do　考查动词不定式。do some cleaning意为“做清洁工作”。plan to do sth.计划做某事。故答案为to do。
5.things　考查名词。句意:我们今天有许多事情要做。空前有many修饰,名词应用复数。故答案为things。
6.was celebrated　考查被动语态。根据语境可知,此处指庆祝劳动节。从句的主语 Labor Day是动词celebrate的承受者,构成被动关系,所以用被动语态。由上下文的时态可知,应用一般过去时,故应用一般过去时的被动语态;从句主语Labor Day是第三人称单数,故答案为was celebrated。
7.told　考查动词时态。由上文“First, she was asked to wash the breakfast dishes.”可知,此处指父亲告诉她去给狗洗澡。由上下文可知,时态用一般过去时。故答案为told。
8.interesting　考查形容词。由下文with so many soap bubbles可知,此处指她觉得给狗洗澡很有趣。故答案为interesting。
9.cleaner　考查形容词的比较等级。由上文“When she finished her chores”可知,此时的院子比之前更干净了。空后有than,应用比较级。故答案为cleaner。
10.meaningful　考查形容词。 根据语境可知,此处意为“做一些有意义的事情也能得到特别的快乐”。设空处修饰前面的复合不定代词,应用形容词。故答案为meaningful。
Cloze 6(2024黑龙江哈尔滨,A)
　　用方框中所给词或短语的正确形式填空,使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每空只能填一个单词或一个短语,每个单词或短语限用一次)
achieve, I, climb, much, think about, height, sad, natural
It was nearly dark. The sun was going down. A little boy, Mike, came back home 　1　 from the mountain.
“What's the matter, Mike ” his mother asked.
“The mountain is so 　2　 and full of big or small stones on the way. I was very tired. I had to return,” Mike cried.
“It doesn't matter,” his mother said.
“But standing at the top of the mountain by 　3　 is a dream from childhood(童年)!” Mike said.
His father came up, “What did you notice when 　4　 up the mountain ”
“There were a lot of beautiful flowers by the sides of the road,” Mike replied.
“Did you feel the beauty of 　5　 ” his father asked.
Mike 　6　 the question for a while.
“Yes, the blue sky, the white clouds and the green trees,” Mike answered.
“That's enough!” his father smiled and said. “Please remember, Son. The beautiful scenery(风景) is on the way. You have 　7　 a lot although you didn't reach the top of the mountain. It is one of the 　8　 valuable lessons in your life.”
1.　　　　　　2.　　　　　　3.　　　　　　4.　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。小男孩Mike想去山顶看美景,但由于种种困难半途而废,沮丧之际,父亲告诉他真正的美景在登山的路上。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“自我认识,自我管理,自我提升”。
1.sadly　考查副词。由下文“I was very tired.”和“Mike cried”可知,Mike回来时很难过。设空处修饰动词短语came back,应用副词形式。故答案为sadly。
2.high　考查形容词。由这座山对小男孩来说很难登顶以及下文full of big or small stones on the way可知,此处应表示山很高。故答案为high。
3.myself　考查代词。根据语境可知,此处表示自己站到山顶上是Mike童年就有的梦想。by oneself意为“独自;独立地”。故答案为myself。
4.climbing　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示爬山,为“when+动词的非谓语形式”作状语。climb的逻辑主语为you,二者之间为主动关系。故用动词的-ing形式,填climbing。
5.nature　考查名词。由下文Mike的回答中的the blue sky, the white clouds and the green trees可知,父亲问他是否感受到了大自然的美。故答案为nature。
6.thought about　考查动词时态。由下文的the question for a while可知,此处指Mike听到这个问题思考了一会儿。本文时态为一般过去时。故答案为thought about。
7.achieved　考查动词时态。由上文内容可知,此处表示你已经收获了很多。空前有have,因此本句时态为现在完成时,故答案为achieved。
8.most　考查形容词的比较等级。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”。valuable的最高级为在前面加most,故答案为most。
Cloze 7(2024山西)
　　请根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。
we 　feel　 total　 which　 accept 　festival　add　hard　close　refuse　discuss　although
　　The sweetest memory of my childhood is about a round table. When I was still little, my whole family would get together on different traditional 　1　 to have dinner. We kids would be sitting around or playing hide-and-seek under the table while the grown-ups were having a 　2　.
When I got a bit older, my aunt brought back her boyfriend and my grandma cheerfully 　3　 another seat to the round table. It seemed a little more crowded, but we all felt much 　4　 to each other. When I was twelve, my grandpa passed away. That made us 　5　 sad. However, when the whole family got together once again, we 　6　 agreed that his chair, his bowl and his chopsticks should remain the same. Even though his seat was empty, we felt like that he had never left us.
We all have a table like this in 　7　 homes. It is a sign of reunion of our family showing our feelings. 　8　 the reason why we come together may be different, the feelings behind it are the same. Usually different cultures 　9　 by us around the table. What's more, we express the love not only for our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world.
The history of our nation has been the stories of looking for or running to the round table 　10　 we belong to. The round table has been a symbol of the Chinese feelings. It was, it is and will always be.
1.　　　　　　2.　　　　　　3.　　　　　　4.　　　　　　5.　　　　　
6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己家的圆桌的故事并由此感悟到相聚的意义。
1.festivals　考查名词。根据空前的traditional和空后的to have dinner可知设空处表示“节日”。根据different判断用名词的复数形式。故填festivals。
2.discussion　考查名词。分析语境可知,此处描述的情景是:小孩子在桌子下玩,大人围桌聊天。不定冠词后接名词单数。故填discussion。
3.added　考查动词时态。根据语境可知此处表示“加了一把椅子”,根据上文my aunt brought back her boyfriend可知需用一般过去时。故填added。
4.closer　考查形容词比较级。此处与上文的more crowded相对应,要用close的比较级,表示“但感觉更亲近了”,且much修饰比较级。故填closer。
5.feel　考查动词短语。由语境可知,爷爷的去世让我们感到难过。make sb. do sth.,故用动词原形。故填feel。
6.totally　考查副词。此处表示爷爷虽然去世了,但大家聚在一起时都同意保留爷爷的位置。用副词修饰agreed,表示“完全同意”。故填totally。
7.our　考查代词。用形容词性物主代词修饰homes。故填our。
8.Although　考查状语从句。根据下文的different、the same可知设空处表示让步关系。注意句首单词首字母大写,故填Although。
9.are accepted　考查被动语态。根据语境可知此处应该是说“通常大家围桌而坐时,不同文化被我们接受”,根据by us可知different cultures和accept之间存在被动关系,故用被动语态,时态为一般现在时。故填are accepted。
10.which　考查定语从句。根据句子结构判断,此处为定语从句,需要填关系词,因空处在从句中作宾语,且先行词为round table,指物,故填which。
分类训练二　语法填空
Cloze 1(2024浙江温州)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。
Tina is a thirteen-year-old middle school student. Last year, she went to 　1　 summer school in France and stayed with a local family, the Truffauts.
At first, things didn't go well 　2　 she couldn't speak French. Simple things like finding the right bus stop became big problems. The Truffauts helped her a lot and treated her like part of the family. They played 　3　(game) and shared traditional food with her. Tina was helpful as well. She did some housework with the family every day. On the weekend, she 　4　(join) a community club and did volunteer work. For most of the time, she used body language to communicate. People showed 　5　(they) thanks with smiles and she would always smile back. Language was not a problem 　6　 her any more. As a new member of the club, Tina 　7　(invite) to have parties with the other members. Day by day, she made more friends. Tina began 　8　(love) her new life. “A smile is a second language we were born to speak. It is also the best gift I have got,” she often said 　9　(proud).
Smiles and a helping hand can always make people 　10　(close) than a language can.
1.　　　　　　2.　　　　　　3.　　　　　　4.　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。Tina刚开始在法国很不适应,后来在寄宿家庭的帮助下,慢慢适应了那里的生活,并且自己也助人为乐,帮寄宿家庭做卫生,参加社区俱乐部,做志愿者,受到大家的欢迎。主题语境属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“社会服务与人际沟通”这一主题群,涉及子主题“良好的人际关系与人际交往”。
1.a　考查冠词。空后的summer school泛指一所暑期学校,前面用不定冠词,summer以辅音音素开头,故填a。
2.because/as　考查连词。分析空前后的意思可知,一开始,事情并不顺利,是因为她不会说法语,前后有明显的因果关系,且为前果后因,故填because/as。
3.games　考查名词的数。game是可数名词,根据语境可知玩的不止一个游戏,应用复数,故填games。
4.joined　考查动词的时态。该空作谓语,根据本句中并列连词and后面的另一个谓语动词did可知,此处用一般过去时,故填joined。
5.their　考查物主代词。该空修饰名词thanks,应用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
6.for　考查介词。for意为“对于”,for her意为“对于她来说”,本句表示语言对于她来说不再是一个问题,故填for。
7.was invited　考查被动语态。分析句子可知,该空作谓语,主语Tina和动词invite之间是被动关系,即Tina被邀请参加派对,所以要用被动语态。时态为一般过去时,主语Tina为单数,故填was invited。
8.loving/to love　考查非谓语动词。根据begin的固定搭配begin to do sth.或begin doing sth.可知,begin后既可以跟动词不定式作宾语,也可以跟动词的-ing形式作宾语,故填loving/to love。
9.proudly　考查副词。设空处修饰动词said, 需要用副词,故填proudly。
10.closer　考查形容词比较级。根据空后比较级的标志词than可知,要用close的比较级,故填closer。
Cloze 2(2024福建)
　　阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
　　Niejiazhuang Village in Weifang is famous for colored clay sculpture handicraft(泥塑手工艺), which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. The Weifang government has 　1　(encourage) local people to learn traditional handicraft and make more money to get rid of poverty(脱贫).
Nie Peng 　2　(be) a young villager in Niejiazhuang. He is crazy about clay sculpture handicraft. He began learning it from his father when he was 　3　 child. He has led lots of young craftsmen(手艺人) in and near 　4　(he) village to make colored clay sculptures and the handicraft has become an important way for local people to get 　5　(rich) than before.
The tiger is a typical subject for colored clay sculptures. Nie 　6　(start) to learn to make clay tigers in 2010, the Year of the Tiger. Over these years, he has seen the development of the art form. 　7　 first, the clay tigers were all of the same small size. Now there are tigers of different 　8　(size) and the largest can be over two meters tall. The tigers used to be colored pink and green, but now have become more colorful.
Today Nie cares for the future of clay sculpture handicraft 　9　 encourages young craftsmen to create more works. He 　10　(real) hopes that the sculpture handicraft will be passed down to the next generation.
1.　　　　　　2.　　　　　　3.　　　　　　4.　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是说明文,介绍了山东潍坊的聂家庄村的彩泥塑工艺品和泥塑手工艺人聂鹏的故事。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中“文学、艺术与体育”这一主题群,涉及子主题“中外影视、戏剧、音乐、舞蹈、绘画、建筑等艺术形式中的文化价值和作品赏析,优秀的艺术家及其艺术成就”。
1.encouraged　考查动词时态。根据has可知,这里用现在完成时,空处应用过去分词,故填encouraged。
2.is　考查主谓一致和动词时态。根据后文可知,这里说的是一个事实,应用一般现在时;主语为单数,be动词用is,故填is。
3.a　考查冠词。此处表示当他还是一个孩子的时候,就开始向父亲学习泥塑。此处是泛指,child以辅音音素开头,故填a。
4.his　考查物主代词。此处表示他带领村里和附近的许多年轻手艺人制作彩泥塑。空后是名词village,要用he的形容词性物主代词形式,故填his。
5.richer　考查形容词比较级。根据than可知,此处要用rich的比较级形式,故填richer。
6.started　考查动词时态。根据in 2010可知,这里的时态用一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填started。
7.At　考查固定搭配。固定搭配at first意为“起初”,故填At。
8.sizes　考查名词的数。由前文tigers和different可知,此处填可数名词复数,故填sizes。
9.and　考查并列连词。设空处前后是并列关系,故填and。
10.really　考查副词。修饰动词hopes,应用副词,故填really。
Cloze 3(2024湖南衡阳)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
　　Our family bought a new smart TV set last week. It is 　1　(real) cool! But we didn't know what we should do 　2　 the old one. Then I 　3　(see) an advertisement(广告) for Tech-Help. Tech-Help donates smart TV sets to people who need them.
　4　 far, Tech-Help has donated(捐赠) 　5　(many) than 2,000 smart TV sets to different families across the country. Last year they gave smart TV sets to poor families. 　6　 is very easy to donate smart TV sets to Tech-Help. Yesterday, my brother 　7　 I took the old smart TV set to a local shop. Two 　8　(hour) later, Tech-Help collected it from the shop. They will clean the smart TV set and make it better.
Right now, Tech-Help is giving smart TV sets to families in Xinjiang. There are about 50 families on the 　9　(wait) list. They believe they will get the smart TV sets soon. I'm 　10　(excite) we could do something to help others!
1.　　　　　　2.　　　　　　3.　　　　　　4.　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了作者家里买了新的智能电视机后把之前旧的智能电视机捐给了“Tech-Help”公益机构,送给有需要的人。主题语境属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“社会服务与人际沟通”这一主题群,涉及子主题“志愿服务与公共服务”。
1.really　考查副词。设空处后面为形容词cool,应用副词修饰,故填really。
2.with　考查介词。do...with 对付,处理。 故填with。
3.saw　考查动词的时态。根据文章首句中的时间状语last week可知,这是上周发生的事情,用一般过去时,故填saw。
4.So　考查固定短语。 so far到目前为止。单词位于句首,首字母需大写,故填So。
5.more　考查固定结构。根据空后的than可知,此处表示超过两千台智能电视。more than多于,超过。故填more。
6.It　考查代词。根据“It is+形容词+to do...” 句型可知,此处应用it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,单词位于句首,首字母应大写,故填It。
7.and　考查并列连词。分析句子可知,空前的my brother和空后的I并列作主语,故填and。
8.hours　考查名词。根据空前的Two可知,此处应用hour的复数形式,故填hours。
9.waiting　考查动词的非谓语形式。空后为名词list(清单),此处应用wait的-ing形式作定语修饰list,故填waiting。
10.excited　考查形容词。空前为I'm,此处应用形容词作表语,且修饰人,故填excited。
Cloze 4(2024湖南长沙)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Netherlands needs thousands of new houses because the country 　1　 (have) a growing population. Anyway, it may not have to build all those houses. Some of 　2　 (they) can be printed.
　3　 (recent), the government has been working together with a university and some building companies(公司)to build houses that are fully 3D-printed. As volunteers, an old couple has become the first people in Europe to move into such 　4　 house.
With two 　5　 (bedroom) and a big living room, the house was built layer(层) by layer, using a huge 3D printer and special cement(水泥). After being printed out, the house 　6　(carry) by a truck to the building site, and a roof(屋顶)and windows were later added. It took around 120 hours 　7　 (finish) this 3D-printed house. Usually, it takes about one or two years to build a house in the 　8　 (tradition) way.
The couple will live 　9　 this house for six months, with a monthly pay of 800 euros(欧元). The cost seems a little bit high, but they think it is much cheaper 　10　 living in the hotel.
1.　　　　　　2.　　　　　　3.　　　　　　4.　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一种新型房屋——3D打印房屋的结构和特点。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中“科学与技术”这一主题群,涉及子主题“科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新”。
1.has　考查时态和主谓一致。由主句的needs可知,此处应该用一般现在时,从句主语the country是第三人称单数,从句谓语动词也应该用第三人称单数形式,故答案为has。
2.them　考查代词。所给词为代词,位于介词of之后,应用宾格形式。故答案为them。
3.Recently　考查副词。分析句子可知,设空处在句中作时间状语,应用副词。注意句首单词首字母大写。故答案为Recently。
4.a　考查冠词。此处为“such+a/an+可数名词单数”结构,house 以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。
5.bedrooms　考查名词。bedroom为可数名词,由空前的two可知,此处应该用复数形式。故答案为bedrooms。
6.was carried　考查时态和语态。由空后的by可知此处为被动语态,由下文的were可知,此处为一般过去时。主语the house是第三人称单数。故答案为 was carried。
7.to finish　考查不定式。此处为句型“It takes/took(sb.) some time to do sth.”,意为“(某人)花费……时间做某事”。故答案为to finish。
8.traditional　考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词way,应用形容词形式。故答案为traditional。
9.in　考查介词。live为不及物动词,后接宾语this house需加介词in。故答案为in。
10.than　考查介词。由空前的much cheaper及空后的比较对象living in the hotel可知,设空处应填介词than。
Cloze 5(2024江苏苏州)
　　请认真阅读下面短文,在横线上填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A hurricane(飓风) is a huge storm that forms over warm ocean water. Hurricanes have winds that move in 　1　 circle. Hurricane winds are very 　2　(power), and can move at speeds from 120 km/h to over 300 km/h.
The centre of hurricane winds is called the eye. Winds in the eye 　3　 (be) not very strong. Around the eye is an area called the eye wall. The wall is where winds are the 　4　 (strong) and rain is the heaviest.
Strong winds and heavy rain can do a lot of damage(破坏) when a hurricane moves over land.
Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break 　5　 (window) into pieces. The winds can even knock over tall trees, which might fall on buildings or cars. Strong winds can pick up objects and send 　6　 (they) into the air, causing damage.
Heavy rain from a hurricane can cause floods in areas that are not close 　7　 a coast. The floodwater can be very deep. It sometimes 　8　 (reach) almost up to the top of houses. Water goes into the houses 　9　 (quick) and does a lot of damage. Wooden structures(结构) might not be safe after a flood.
　10　 there is no way to prevent a hurricane, you can get prepared for it.
1.　　　　　　2.　　　　　　3.　　　　　　4.　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了飓风的特点以及飓风给人们带来的灾害。主题语境属于“人与自然”范畴中“灾害防范”这一主题群,涉及子主题“自然灾害与防范措施”。
1.a　考查冠词。circle为可数名词,此处表泛指,用不定冠词,circle以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。
2.powerful　考查形容词。设空处位于系动词are后,作表语,应用形容词。故答案为powerful。
3.are　考查时态和主谓一致。句子主语是Winds,是复数形式。此处时态是一般现在时。故答案为are。
4.strongest　考查形容词比较等级。由空前的the及并列结构“rain is the heaviest”可知,设空处应该用最高级形式。故答案为strongest。
5.windows　考查名词复数。window为可数名词,前面没有表示单数意义的限定词,所以用复数形式。故答案为windows。
6.them　考查代词。设空处在动词send后面作宾语,应用宾格形式。故答案为them。
7.to　考查介词。be close to意为“离……近”。故答案为to。
8.reaches　考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语动词。此处描述飓风产生的洪水的特点,应用一般现在时。主语It是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为reaches。
9.quickly　考查副词。设空处修饰前面的动词goes,应用副词形式。故答案为quickly。
10.Although/Though　考查状语从句。逗号前面为“没有办法阻止飓风”,逗号后面为“你可以做好应对它的准备”。前后形成让步关系。应用although或though引导让步状语从句。故答案为Although/Though。
Cloze 6(2024浙江杭州)
　　阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Old new medicines
What should you do if you have a headache In modern times, people often take aspirin(阿司匹林). But is aspirin 　1　(actual) a modern medicine
More than 4,000 years ago, ancient Egyptians used dried leaves to treat pain. And in the fourth century B.C., a medicine made from tree bark(树皮) 　2　 (use) to treat fevers. In the nineteenth century, European scientists discovered that both medicines have the same chemical (化学物质). They used the chemical to make a modern medicine—aspirin. Today, it's one of the world's 　3　(cheap) and most helpful medicines.
Some of the medicines we have today come 　4　 traditional Chinese medicine. In the third century B.C., some people 　5　(begin) studying the human body. They tried many different ways to treat the patients and recorded 　6　(they) results. For more than 2,000 years, doctors recorded 　7　 they found in books. These ancient books are still useful today. Tu Youyou, a Chinese medical researcher, found that in 　8　 past, people used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers. After studying it, she developed a medicine that saved millions of people from dying.
For 　9　(century), Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine. But today, scientists are studying traditional treatments 　10　(develop) new medicines.
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6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是说明文,介绍了那些又“古老”又“新”的药剂。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中“科学与技术”这一主题群,涉及子主题“科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新”。
1.actually　考查副词。此处作状语,表示“实际上”,用副词形式。故填actually。
2.was used　考查时态与语态。根据时间状语in the fourth century B.C.可知,本句时态是一般过去时,且a medicine为主语,与动词use之间是被动关系,故填was used。
3.cheapest　考查形容词最高级。此处与and后的most helpful并列,形式要一致,用形容词最高级形式。故填cheapest。
4.from　考查介词。此处表示我们现在所用的一些药来自传统中医。come from来自,故填from。
5.began　考查时态。根据时间状语In the third century B.C.可知,本句时态是一般过去时,故填began。
6.their　考查代词。此处修饰名词results,应用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
7.what　考查宾语从句。此处缺少宾语从句的引导词,且引导词在宾语从句中作found的宾语,表示“所……的东西”。故填what。
8.the　考查冠词。in the past在过去。故填the。
9.centuries　考查名词。century为可数名词,空前无限定词,故填centuries。
10.to develop　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处应用动词不定式表目的,故填to develop。
分类训练三　首字母填空
Cloze 1(2024天津)
　　根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is p　1　 with some progress in studies. Or a person may smile if a friend tells a funny joke. There are other good r　2　 to smile often.
First, it is e　3　 to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles(肌肉) to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your f　4　 a rest and smile!
Second, smiles are nice. People may try to l　5　 nice by exercising or wearing nice clothes. However, people often say a smile is the best thing a person can wear. That is because it is easy to be a　6　 someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy.
Third, smiles have power(感染力). Both smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s　7　 from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him or her want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend(往往会) to laugh with him or her. If a person is s　8　, the best thing to do is to share a smile or a laugh. It is the easiest way to cheer someone up.
F　9　, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even though you are sad, try smiling. You'll find that it will be difficult to s　10　 sad for very long!
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6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了微笑给我们的身心所带来的益处。 主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中“做人与做事”这一主题群,涉及子主题“情绪与情感,情绪与行为的调节与管理”。
1.pleased　根据语境和首字母可知,此处为be pleased with,意为“对……满意”,故填pleased。
2.reasons　根据下文和首字母可知,此处表示经常微笑的理由,故填reasons。
3.easier　根据空后的than to show unhappiness及后文所说微笑和展示不开心时各自动用的肌肉数量,结合首字母提示可知,这里表示“更容易”,故填easier。
4.face　根据语境和首字母提示可知,这里表示“你脸上的肌肉”,故填face。
5.look　根据空后的nice by exercising or wearing nice clothes和首字母提示可知,此处表示“通过运动和穿漂亮的衣服让人看起来迷人”,故填look。
6.around　根据下文“Almost no one wants to stay with...unhappy.”和首字母提示可知,此处应表示“在……周围”,故填around。
7.spread　根据空后的from one person to another和首字母提示可知,此处表示“从一个人传递给另一个人”,因为在can之后,所以用动词原形,故填spread。
8.sad　根据下文“the best thing to do is to share a smile or a laugh”和首字母提示可知,此处表示“如果一个人伤心了”,故填sad。
9.Finally　根据上文的First、Second和Third以及该空首字母提示可知,此处为最后一条理由,故填Finally。
10.stay　根据“it will be difficult to”可知此处应填动词,又根据sad for very long和首字母提示可知,此处表示“长时间保持悲伤”,故填stay。
Cloze 2(2024江苏扬州)
　　根据短文和首字母提示,在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在横线上完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词)
　　Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up.
“Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S　1　 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her mother doesn't love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.”
Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn't know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b　2　 he knows it's saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs. Darling's eyes.
“She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c　3　 both have her.”
He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e　4　.
“Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window.
When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o　5　 for them. They all get into bed to surprise their mother.
When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children's room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say something, but she says n　6　. She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire.
The children are so w　7　. Why isn't their mother happy to see them again All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d　8　 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana come in. They are all so happy. Peter w　9　 them from the window but he is looking at something he will never have.
Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g　10　 up and has a daughter of her own. Peter is still a boy who can't grow up.
—Taken from Peter Pan
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6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文节选自童话故事《彼得·潘》。Peter Pan非常希望Wendy, John和Michael,尤其是Windy和他一起永远生活在永无岛,但看到Wendy的妈妈也非常爱她的孩子们,于心不忍,便让他们回家了。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中“文学、艺术与体育”这一主题群,涉及子主题“中外文学史上有代表性的作家和作品”。
1.Shut　考查动词。 根据第六段的“Then he opens the window.” 可知,Peter Pan看到Darling夫人的样子后,心软了,并打开了窗户。由此可推断此处是他让Tink把窗户关上,结合首字母提示可知,答案为Shut。
2.but　考查并列连词。空前面说“Peter didn't know the tune...”,后面说“he knows it's saying...”,设空处前后是转折关系,结合首字母提示可知,答案为but。
3.can't　考查情态动词。 根据上文“She loves Wendy”及“But I love Windy, too.”并结合语境可知, Peter Pan和Darling夫人都爱着Windy,但是他们两个不能同时和她在一起。结合首字母提示可知,答案为can't。
4.eyes　考查名词复数。根据第三段最后一句中的“two big tears in Mrs. Darling's eyes”可知,此处指她双眼仍然含着泪水,用复数,故填eyes。
5.open　考查形容词。根据上文“Then he opens the window.”可知,此处指他们发现窗户是为他们开着的,open“开着的”,此处为固定结构“find+宾语+形容词”,意为“发现……怎么样”,故填open。
6.nothing　考查不定代词。根据上文“They wait for her to say something”和并列连词but可知,此处指她什么也没有说,结合首字母提示可知,答案为nothing。
7.worried　考查形容词。根据后一句“Why isn't their mother happy to see them again ”可知,孩子们原以为妈妈见到他们会很开心,可妈妈一点也不开心。由此可推测此处指孩子们某种消极的情感,结合首字母提示和空前的are可知,应填形容词,worried“担忧的”符合题意。
8.dreaming　考查动词的-ing形式。根据上文“She thinks she is dreaming.”可知,她之前不相信孩子们回来了,认为自己是在做梦,但是当孩子们叫她“妈妈”的时候,她意识到自己不是在做梦,结合空前的is可知应用现在进行时,答案为dreaming。　
9.watches　考查动词。根据下文“but he is looking at something he will never have”可知,此处指他透过窗户往里面看,结合首字母提示可知,应用watch;本句时态为一般现在时,主语Peter为第三人称单数,故填watches。　
10.grown　考查动词。根据语境可知,这里表示Wendy已经长大成人,而且还有了一个女儿。grow up“成长,长大”,为固定短语。根据空前的has可知时态为现在完成时,应用grow的过去分词形式,故填grown。
Cloze 3(2024江苏连云港)
　　根据短文意思和首字母提示,写出一个完整正确的单词。
　　The traditional Chinese lunar calendar has 24 solar terms(节气) in a year. Ancient Chinese people created this system to m　1　 the change of time based on the sun's position. In ancient times, this system guided farming activities. It t　2　 farmers what to do according to the changes in temperature. Today, 24 solar terms still play an important role in Chinese people's e　3　 life. They remind people of the changes in s　4　 and to eat suitable food. This ancient time system has gained new charm now. In Beijing 2024 Winter Olympics, the director used a new countdown(倒计时) method, showing 24 solar terms instead of numbers. This creative method was greatly p 　5　 by people around the world. They are amazed by the wisdom of Chinese people.
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答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了中国的二十四节气的创造及应用。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中“历史、社会与文化”这一主题群,涉及子主题“身份认同与文化自信”。
1.mark　结合首字母,分析语境可知,此处指根据太阳的位置来标记时间的变化。mark 标记,位于不定式符号to后面,应用动词原形。故填mark。
2.told　分析语境可知,此处指它告诉农民做什么。tell告诉。设空处所在句承接前一句,由时间状语In ancient times可知,这两句讲的是过去的事,本句应用一般过去时。故填told。
3.everyday　分析语境可知,设空处指日常生活,everyday日常的,符合语境。故填everyday。
4.seasons　结合首字母,分析语境可知,此处指它们提醒人们季节的变化,并吃合适的食物。season季节;season为可数名词,前面没有修饰词和限定词,所以 season用复数形式。故填seasons。
5.praised　结合首字母,由This creative method可知,设空处应填“表扬”,praise表扬;由后面的by可知,本句应用被动语态。空前已有was,故填praised。
Cloze 4(2024广东广州)
阅读短文,根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式,每空限填一词。
Dunhuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c　1　 of trade. As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China's western gateway to the world. Here, different cultures met and influenced each other. People from f　2　 countries did business and communicated with the local people.
If you v　3　 Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves (莫高窟). If you walk i　4　, you will discover some of the wonderful artworks. There are over 45,000 square metres of beautiful paintings on the cave walls, as well as thousands of statues.
Over the years, China has made great efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Today, you can also find high-quality photos of the artworks on the Internet. People all over the world now have a c　5　 to see Dunhuang's treasures online.
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答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了敦煌这座具有重要历史意义的城市,以及敦煌的主要景点莫高窟。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中“历史、社会与文化”这一主题群,涉及子主题“中外名胜古迹的相关知识和游览体验”。
1.center/centre　考查名词。根据空后“As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China's western gateway to the world.”可知,敦煌在古代是重要的贸易中心。故填center/centre。
2.foreign　考查形容词。根据空后的local people可知,和当地人做生意和交流的是外国人。故填foreign。
3.visit　考查动词。根据后文“you will be able to see the Mogao Caves”可知,这是去敦煌游玩时能够参观的地方。故填visit。
4.inside　考查介词。根据空后“you will discover some of the wonderful artworks”可知,此处指如果你走进去,能看到优秀的艺术作品。故填inside。
5.chance　考查名词。根据语境可推断,此处要表达的意思为:现在全世界的人们都有机会在网上看到敦煌的珍宝。故填chance。
Cloze 5(2024湖北武汉)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词,单词的第一个字母已给出。
　　Eric Green has always wondered about things that live in the ocean. When he was y　1　, he loved to swim. He liked to watch all kinds of underwater animals and plants through his mask(潜水面罩). When he grew up, he wanted to l　2　 for new things in the ocean.
Today, Mr. Green is a marine ecologist(海洋生态学家). He studies how underwater animals and plants connect with each other and need each other to stay a　3　.
Mr. Green studies coral reefs(珊瑚礁) in the Pacific Ocean. A coral reef is like a big underwater t　4　. Thousands of animals and plants live there. They compete for food and space there. As a result, the beautiful coral reefs get i　5　 easily.
Mr. Green also studies how people's actions can change coral reefs. Sometimes people pollute the sea or overfish it, so the w　6　 that all the living things are joined together has been changed.
If coral reefs get hurt, many animals have to find new homes. Some animals' n　7　 drop low, and some animals just disappear. Mr. Green wants to p　8　 this from happening.
Mr. Green believes that all living things in a coral reef should be k　9　 safe. “Underwater ecosystems are like airplanes,” Mr. Green says. “They need all of their parts to work correctly.”
“To take better care of marine homes, we first must k　10　 them. Only through that, can we understand the great influence humans have on these places,” Mr. Green says.
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6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了海洋生态学家格林先生意识到珊瑚礁所面临的问题以及它们的重要性,呼吁人们了解并保护它们。主题语境属于“人与自然”范畴中“环境保护”这一主题群,涉及子主题“热爱与敬畏自然,与自然和谐共生”。
1.young　考查形容词。was后接形容词作表语,根据下文中的“When he grew up”及所给首字母可知,此处表示他小的时候喜欢游泳。故填young。
2.look　考查动词。此处表示他想在海洋中寻找新事物。look for寻找;want to do sth.想要做某事。此空应填动词原形。故填look。
3.alive　考查形容词。根据本句内容及所给首字母可知,此处表示水下的动植物相互联系以维持生存。stay alive维持生存。故填alive。
4.town　考查名词。根据下文的“Thousands of animals and plants live there.”及所给首字母可知,此处把珊瑚礁比喻成一个很大的水下城镇。town城镇。空前有不定冠词a,故用名词的单数形式。故填town。
5.injured　考查动词的非谓语形式。根据前一句“They compete for food and space there.”可知,居住在珊瑚礁上的生物之间存在对食物和生存空间的竞争,这会导致珊瑚礁受伤。get injured受伤。故填injured。另外,下文的“If coral reefs get hurt”对此空也是提示。
6.way　考查名词。此处表示所有生物结合在一起的方式改变了。way方式。根据动词has可知,此空应填单数形式。故填way。
7.numbers　考查名词。此处表示有些动物数量少了,有些动物消失了。number数量。由空后谓语动词drop可知,此空应填名词复数形式。故填numbers。
8.prevent　考查动词短语。此处表示格林先生想阻止这件事发生。prevent...from doing...“阻止……做……”;want to do sth.“想要做某事”。故此空应填动词原形。故填prevent。
9.kept　考查被动语态。上文说珊瑚礁的每一部分都需要正常工作,所以应该确保珊瑚礁上所有生物的安全。keep“保持”,此处应是be与动词的-ed形式构成被动语态结构。故填kept。
10.know　考查动词。根据最后一句和所给首字母可知,此处表示只有先了解珊瑚礁,我们才能理解人类对这些地方的巨大影响。know“了解”,情态动词must后接动词原形。故填know。
Cloze 6(2024湖北武汉)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词,单词的第一个字母已给出。
　　Susan is the daughter of the famous environmental scientist Clark. But the woman has become an environmentalist on her o　1　.
In 1992, the first U.N. Earth Summit(峰会) was held in Rio de Janeiro. Thousands of people from around the world h　2　 for it to talk about the Earth's tomorrow. Twelve-year-old Susan and three of her friends formed a group. They raised money to travel to Rio to a　3　 the summit.
At the summit, Susan said that the state of the environment w　4　 her a lot. “You don't know how to fix the holes in our ozone layer (臭氧层). You don't know how to bring back forests that once g　5　 where there is now desert. If you don't know how to fix the Earth, please stop b　6　 it!” The six-minute speech silenced all the people and made them fall into deep thinking.
After that speech, Susan began to lead “two lives”. On the t　7　 days, she was a schoolchild. But during her vacations, she s　8　 internationally about the environment.
Now, nearly 30 years has passed since Susan made her Rio speech. Although many of the world's environmental problems have only become w　9　, Susan does agree that some things are different now. More and more people give voice like Susan because they have realized the importance of the environment.
“Thirty years ago, I was fighting for my tomorrow. Now, I am fighting for the f　10　 of my sons,” says Susan, now a mother of two, who has kept calling people's attention to climate(气候) change.
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6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
答案　
语篇解读　本文是记叙文。苏珊是一位环保主义者,她12岁时就参加地球峰会,很为地球的明天担心。30多年过去了,她依然在为保护地球发声。
1.own　考查固定搭配。on one's own依靠某人自己。句意:但这位女士依靠她自己成了一名环保主义者。故填own。
2.headed　考查动词。head for前去,前往。句意:来自世界各地的成千上万的人前往峰会探讨地球的明天。故填headed。
3.attend　考查动词。attend参加。根据语境可知此处表示苏珊和朋友们筹钱到里约参加峰会。故填attend。
4.worried　考查动词。worry使担心。根据她说的话可知,地球的状况很糟糕,因此这里指环境状况让她担心。根据said可知,宾语从句也用一般过去时,故填worried。
5.grew　考查动词。此处表示现在是沙漠的地方曾经生长着森林,所以用grow的过去式grew。
6.breaking　考查动词的-ing形式。stop doing sth.停止做某事。句意:如果你不知道怎样修理地球,请停止破坏它。故填breaking。
7.typical　考查形容词。typical平常的。此处表示平时她是一个学生,而得到了假期,她就到世界各地演讲。
8.spoke　考查动词。时态为一般过去时。句意:假期她在国际上为环境问题发声。故填spoke。
9.worse　考查形容词。become worse变得更糟。句意:虽然世界上许多环境问题只会变得更糟,但是苏珊同意现在一些情况的确不同了。故填worse。
10.future　考查名词。此处表示苏珊曾经是为了自己的将来战斗,现在则是为儿子们的未来战斗。故填future。
分类训练四　短文填空
Cloze 1(2024河南)
　　阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Comments(评论) about the National Museum of Chinese Writing
Learn about the history of Chinese writing
I love this great museum. It is a wonderful place 　1　 learn about Chinese characters(文字). In the museum, you will see how the Chinese characters developed 　2　 the early pictograms(象形文字) into different characters being used today. It is really one of 　3　 most interesting museums that I have ever visited!
A very educational and interesting museum
This museum is very interesting to the visitors 　4　 are interested in the nation's written history. 　5　 is a lot to see in the museum. Chinese characters usually have several different parts that work together to tell a story, giving the characters their meanings.
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答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文中两个外国参观者在网上分享了他们对中国文字博物馆的评价。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中“历史、社会与文化”这一主题群,涉及子主题“中外名胜古迹的相关知识和游览体验”。
1.to　考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,此处是动词不定式作定语,修饰 a wonderful place。故填to。
2.from　考查介词。此处指“在这间博物馆里,你会看到汉字是如何从早期的象形文字发展成今天使用的不同的汉字的”。develop from...into...从……发展成……。故填from。
3.the　考查冠词。 此处为“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构,故填the。
4.that/who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词是the visitors,指人,设空处在从句中作主语。故填that/who。
5.There　考查There be句型。分析句子可知,本句是There be句型。故填There。
Cloze 2(2024重庆A)
　　根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示,在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。
　　After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat, you will 　1　 so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking 　2　 water really unhealthy
Cold water is said to slow down a person's digestion(消化). Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body's temperature l　3　. Cold water causes your blood vessels(血管) to become narrower(更狭窄的). So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your 　4　 back to normal. At the same time, less energy is used for digestion.
Think of your digestive system as a burning pot. If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot, what would 　5　 Doing this would be dangerous. Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is 　6　 adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn't that bad, but it is a good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals may be a bad idea. 　7　 you cannot control your urge (冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.
Traditional Chinese Medicine suggests trying to avoid drinking cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes headaches. Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t　8　 can give us more helpful information.
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答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了喝冷水对消化系统的危害及其原因。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“饮食与健康”。
1.feel　考查动词。设空处前面为will, 后面为so good,可推知此空为系动词原形,根据语境可知,这里想表达的是“感觉良好”,故填feel。
2.cold　考查形容词。根据上文和最后一段可知,此处讨论喝冷水健康与否,故填cold。
3.lower　考查形容词比较级。根据常识并结合首字母提示,可知这里是说喝冷水或冷饮会使体温降低,即体温比喝之前更低,用low的比较级,故填lower。
4.temperature　考查名词。根据本句中的burn energy“燃烧能量”和bring your...back to normal“使你的……恢复正常”,结合前面提到体温降低的情况,可知这里说的是体温恢复正常,故填temperature。
5.happen　考查动词。根据前面If引导的条件状语从句“假如有人突然把冷水倒进这口锅里”可知,这里想说的是会发生什么事,would后跟动词原形,故填happen。
6.like　考查介词。根据前后句的语境可知,这里是类比,意思是“吃饭时喝冷水”就像“向滚烫的锅里加水”一样,故填 like。
7.If/When　考查连词。分析语境可知,这里为if引导的条件状语从句或when引导的时间状语从句,意思是“如果你不能控制自己的冲动这样做”或“当你不能控制自己的冲动这样做时”。设空处位于句首,首字母大写,故填If/When。
8.they　考查人称代词。分析句子可知,设空处所缺单词充当主语,结合句意及首字母提示可知此处为代词they,指代前一句中的Scientists,故填they。
Cloze 3(2024山西)
　　请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,在空白处填入恰当的单词,使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。
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答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要告诉九年级的学生不要担心考试,在这个世界上没有什么测试可以衡量你的每一方面,只要尽力考就好。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中的“生活与学习”主题群。
1.that　此处引导定语从句,设空处填关系代词,先行词为things,指物,先行词前有all,只能用关系代词that。故填that。
2.are　本句为There be结构,句子主语为any tests,是复数形式,本句陈述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时。故填are。
3.with/against　分析语境可知,此处指给考试打分的人不知道你在操场上和别人一起玩/比赛的时候有多关心别人。play with sb.和某人一起玩;play against sb.和某人比赛。故填with/against。
4.or　设空处前后两个宾语从句是并列关系,且主句为否定句,故填or。
5.test/exam/examination　由上文内容可知,此处指在这个世界上没有考试可以衡量你的每一方面。设空处应填写“考试”,由空前的is可知,此处应该用单数形式。故填test/exam/examination。
Cloze 4(2024山西,A)
请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,在空白处填入恰当的单词,使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。
Kids' Body Language
　　Do you want to know your kids well If so, just start with their body language.
We all talk, but most of the talking is body language. You may not notice it, 　1　 we use body language much more than we think.
Usually kids' body language is the same 　2　 adults', and sometimes it sends a different message. Here are some examples. Let's see what they mean.
Not standing straight 　　A kid 　3　 doesn't stand straight may feel unhappy or just feel a bit down. He might not feel very good about himself, or 　4　 might just be thinking about something else! It's not always easy to say, and most of the time he won't tell you 　5　 is the matter. My advice: if there are no health problems, don't care. Not looking you in the eye 　　A kid who doesn't look you in the eye may not believe in himself, or he may be afraid 　6　 his elders. He may also feel uncomfortable looking at anybody. There 　7　 a few things that you can do. Try to do things with them that don't require looking at you. You could also pretend(假装) not to notice it. My advice: 　8　 they are smart, friendly and polite, it'll probably be OK.
　　If you are interested 　9　 kids' body language, welcome to my corner. We will talk more about it from 8:00 　10　 9:00 p.m. on Monday.
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答案　
语篇解读　本文是新媒体语篇,具体分析了孩子的两种身体语言所传递的信息。
1.but　考查连词。前文说“你可能没注意到”,下文是“我们使用身体语言比我们所认为的要多得多”。前后是转折关系,故用连词but。
2.as　考查介词。“和……一样”用the same as...,故答案为as。
3.who/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词是A kid,关系代词指人且在从句中作主语,应用who或that。
4.he　考查代词。设空处为分句主语,且和前一个分句主语一样。故答案为he。
5.what　考查宾语从句。此处为宾语从句,what is the matter 怎么了。故答案为what。
6.of　考查介词。be afraid of...“害怕……”。故答案为of。
7.are　考查there be句型。此处为there be句型,根据上下文可知,应用一般现在时;主句主语things是复数,be动词应用are。故答案为are。
8.if　考查状语从句。分析句子可知,“他们聪明、友好、有礼貌”是“应该没什么问题”的条件,应用if引导条件状语从句。故答案为if。
9.in　考查介词。表示“对……感兴趣”用be interested in...。故答案为in。
10.to　考查介词搭配。表示“从……到……”用from...to...。故答案为to。
模拟汇编
模拟检测一
选词填空
Cloze 1(2024四川成都一模)
　　从下面方框中选出10个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
achieve　embarrass　fail　happy　invite　little　much　pioneer　process　punish　rise　scientific
A Chinese girl Tan Fanglin overcame a world-class math problem. She 　1　 to attend the 2nd World Laureates Forum when she was municating with top scientists in the world, she became a 　2　 star in this meeting of the world's super minds. Her discovery has won her many prizes in youth innovation competitions in China. However, Tan is not a “talent” in the traditional sense. Her 　3　 in math are from her wisdom, interest, and hard work.
Tan's father was a professor of math. Tan showed a high interest in math when she was very young. She likes to find answers on her own. The more difficult the problem is, the more interested she is. In this 　4　, her father only gives her proper guidance.
Tan took part in many research projects, so compared with her classmates, she spent　5　 time on textbooks at school. She made serious mistakes during an exam at school once. Instead of 　6　 her, her parents let her find the problem by herself and achieve a better balance(平衡) between textbook study and research. It was because of the trust of her parents that Tan began to plan her study time 　7　.
Attending this meeting made Tan get more inspiration from the world's top scientists. She even got the opportunity to talk with Gero Miesenb ck, who is one of the 　8　 in the field of optogenetics(光遗传学). Miesenb ck has encouraged her not to lose her love for what she does and said accepting 　9　 is important to researchers. He has stressed that people all know that even Thomas Edison went through thousands of unsuccessful tries before finally inventing the light bulb. Tan has met many difficulties in her research and often feels 　10　. The words have made her feel inspired.
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答案　
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了数学天才谈方琳的故事。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中“做人与做事”这一主题群,涉及子主题“自我认识,自我管理,自我提升”。
1.was invited　考查一般过去时的被动语态。设空处在主句中作谓语,此处指被邀请参加世界顶尖科学家论坛,应该选动词invite并用被动语态。由“when she was 15”可知,时态为一般过去时。故填was invited。
2.rising　考查动词的-ing形式。设空处修饰后面的名词star,结合备选词可知,此处指“后起之秀”,rising star意为“新星,后起之秀”。故填rising。
3.achievements　考查名词复数。根据上文“Her discovery has won her many prizes in youth innovation competitions in China.”可知,此处指她的成就。设空处位于形容词性物主代词Her之后,作主语,应用名词;由空后的are可知,此处应用复数形式。故填achievements。
4.process　考查名词。根据上文“She likes to find answers on her own.”和下文“her father only gives her proper guidance”可知,此处指在解题过程中,父亲只给她适当的引导;process过程,符合语境。故填process。
5.less　考查形容词比较级。由下文“She made serious mistakes during an exam at school once.”以及a better balance可推知,此处指与同学相比,她花在课本上的时专题十四 语篇填空
中考汇编
分类训练一　选词填空
Cloze 1(2024广东)
　　请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
it　either　be　because　what　else　by　invent　clean　popular　habit　hundred
There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put　1　 in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 　2　 it is Yes, it's the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history
According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 　3　 their teeth with some small tree branches(树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brush with pig hair and bamboo. It might 　4　 the world's earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went 　5　, the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horse-tail hair instead of pig hair 　6　 pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to 　7　 of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn't it
Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became 　8　 among local people soon. The 　9　 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good 　10　 of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it.
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Cloze 2(2024河南)
　　阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
final　I　decide　hard　what　work　driver　in　year　young
Hi, David,
How are you doing Do you remember we once talked about 　1　 jobs and careers(职业) we might do in the future I'm finding it very difficult to make up 　2　 mind.
My parents tell me I'm too 　3　 to be expected to know about my future. They say I can choose whatever I want to do in the end if I keep 　4　 hard at school. I'm not sure if I agree with them. I feel as if I'm the only person 　5　 my class who hasn't got a career in mind! It's a big decision to make, but even so it's much 　6　 than I thought.
Sometimes I think I'd like to go into medicine. My teacher thinks Chinese medicine will be greatly developed over the next few 　7　. That sounds really interesting!
Then again, I'd also love to be a racing 　8　. That's a very interesting field too! When I've 　9　 made my choice, I'll let you know! Have you 　10　 what you want to do Do let me know if you have!
Li Hua
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Cloze 3(2024山西)
　　请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。
she　make　club　much　value　different　he　tell　work　kind　parent　understand
Last year we had a new classmate. 　1　 name is Danny. He was tall and handsome with dark brown eyes. Many classmates liked him.
One day, we 　2　 that we would have a school trip at the end of the month. The whole class got very excited and the girls began to discuss what to wear and what to bring with them. But Danny simply told everyone he wouldn't go.
“Don't you like it, Danny ” our teacher Mr. Sims asked with 　3　.
Danny stood up and said, “It's too much money for me. My dad is ill in bed. My mom 　4　 in a supermarket every day. I'm not asking them for money.”
“I'm very proud of you that you can understand your 　5　. Not every student of your age can think about this,” Mr. Sims replied.
Then Mr. Sims said to the class, “This year, we are going to do things 　6　. Would you like to raise money for the trip by yourselves I hope each of you can come up with at least one idea. And we 　7　 a plan tomorrow.”
“Well, my family can afford the trip. Do I still have to do that ” Shelly asked.
“Shelly, this will be a different and 　8　 learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.”
That day, we knew Danny 　9　 than before because he was not only honest but also brave. His behavior(行为) helped us 　10　 what his family had or didn't have couldn't decide who he was. He won the respect of many of us.
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Cloze 4(2024陕西)
　　用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空, 使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次, 每空限填一个单词。)
be　end　easy　bird　problem　develop　get　noise　high　offer
　　Nature is wonderful. It 　1　 our best teacher. It teaches us a lot and we are born to learn from it to solve 　2　. For example, scientists used what they saw in nature to improve our way of travelling. In days of high-speed train research and 　3　, scientists were once faced with a noise problem. The trains pushed air through tunnels at 　4　 speeds. So, when a train came out of a tunnel, it could be very, very 　5　. However, kingfisher birds hardly make a sound when they get into lakes or rivers. Engineers 　6　 a clever idea. They changed the front of the trains to match the shape of the kingfisher. Then the air could 　7　 pass over the trains. The problem was solved!
The kingfisher 　8　 example is just one that we learned from nature. Scientists study the smart models that nature can 　9　. Then they use their wisdom(智慧)and imagination to design new products. Nature provides us with 　10　 possibilities to find wonderful ways to improve our lives. Learning from nature knows no bounds(永无止境)!
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Cloze 5(2024山西,B)
　　请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。
do　she　clean　leaf　interest　meaning　you　tell　have　thing　happy　celebrate
　　It was Friday afternoon. After getting off the school bus, Laura ran into the house 　1　.
“How was school, Laura ” asked 　2　 mom.
“It was great, Mom. Labor Day(劳动节) is coming. I am excited that I 　3　 no school next Monday!”
Laura was woken up early on Labor Day morning by her dad. He said that in honor of(纪念) Labor Day, the family planned 　4　 some cleaning. Laura couldn't believe it. She began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
“Laura, your breakfast is ready. We have many 　5　 to do today. Let's get a move on,” said Laura's mom. Laura asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today Isn't Labor Day a holiday ”
“Yes, Laura, it is,” replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you realize why Labor Day 　6　 in the beginning.”
Laura disliked the plan, but she had no choice. First, she was asked to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, her dad 　7　 her to give their dog a bath. It was a hard task, which needed a lot of careful work. She began the work unhappily.
But things began to change as she was doing the chores. She found it was so 　8　 with so many soap bubbles(泡泡) when she brushed the dog. Then it was yard work and she helped to pick up sticks. When she finished her chores, Laura felt happy to see the yard looked much 　9　 than before.
Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something 　10　 can also get special pleasure. Maybe this is the spirit of Labor Day.
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Cloze 6(2024黑龙江哈尔滨,A)
　　用方框中所给词或短语的正确形式填空,使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每空只能填一个单词或一个短语,每个单词或短语限用一次)
achieve, I, climb, much, think about, height, sad, natural
It was nearly dark. The sun was going down. A little boy, Mike, came back home 　1　 from the mountain.
“What's the matter, Mike ” his mother asked.
“The mountain is so 　2　 and full of big or small stones on the way. I was very tired. I had to return,” Mike cried.
“It doesn't matter,” his mother said.
“But standing at the top of the mountain by 　3　 is a dream from childhood(童年)!” Mike said.
His father came up, “What did you notice when 　4　 up the mountain ”
“There were a lot of beautiful flowers by the sides of the road,” Mike replied.
“Did you feel the beauty of 　5　 ” his father asked.
Mike 　6　 the question for a while.
“Yes, the blue sky, the white clouds and the green trees,” Mike answered.
“That's enough!” his father smiled and said. “Please remember, Son. The beautiful scenery(风景) is on the way. You have 　7　 a lot although you didn't reach the top of the mountain. It is one of the 　8　 valuable lessons in your life.”
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Cloze 7(2024山西)
　　请根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。
we 　feel　 total　 which　 accept 　festival　add　hard　close　refuse　discuss　although
　　The sweetest memory of my childhood is about a round table. When I was still little, my whole family would get together on different traditional 　1　 to have dinner. We kids would be sitting around or playing hide-and-seek under the table while the grown-ups were having a 　2　.
When I got a bit older, my aunt brought back her boyfriend and my grandma cheerfully 　3　 another seat to the round table. It seemed a little more crowded, but we all felt much 　4　 to each other. When I was twelve, my grandpa passed away. That made us 　5　 sad. However, when the whole family got together once again, we 　6　 agreed that his chair, his bowl and his chopsticks should remain the same. Even though his seat was empty, we felt like that he had never left us.
We all have a table like this in 　7　 homes. It is a sign of reunion of our family showing our feelings. 　8　 the reason why we come together may be different, the feelings behind it are the same. Usually different cultures 　9　 by us around the table. What's more, we express the love not only for our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world.
The history of our nation has been the stories of looking for or running to the round table 　10　 we belong to. The round table has been a symbol of the Chinese feelings. It was, it is and will always be.
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分类训练二　语法填空
Cloze 1(2024浙江温州)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。
Tina is a thirteen-year-old middle school student. Last year, she went to 　1　 summer school in France and stayed with a local family, the Truffauts.
At first, things didn't go well 　2　 she couldn't speak French. Simple things like finding the right bus stop became big problems. The Truffauts helped her a lot and treated her like part of the family. They played 　3　(game) and shared traditional food with her. Tina was helpful as well. She did some housework with the family every day. On the weekend, she 　4　(join) a community club and did volunteer work. For most of the time, she used body language to communicate. People showed 　5　(they) thanks with smiles and she would always smile back. Language was not a problem 　6　 her any more. As a new member of the club, Tina 　7　(invite) to have parties with the other members. Day by day, she made more friends. Tina began 　8　(love) her new life. “A smile is a second language we were born to speak. It is also the best gift I have got,” she often said 　9　(proud).
Smiles and a helping hand can always make people 　10　(close) than a language can.
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　　阅读下面短文,根据语境或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
　　Niejiazhuang Village in Weifang is famous for colored clay sculpture handicraft(泥塑手工艺), which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. The Weifang government has 　1　(encourage) local people to learn traditional handicraft and make more money to get rid of poverty(脱贫).
Nie Peng 　2　(be) a young villager in Niejiazhuang. He is crazy about clay sculpture handicraft. He began learning it from his father when he was 　3　 child. He has led lots of young craftsmen(手艺人) in and near 　4　(he) village to make colored clay sculptures and the handicraft has become an important way for local people to get 　5　(rich) than before.
The tiger is a typical subject for colored clay sculptures. Nie 　6　(start) to learn to make clay tigers in 2010, the Year of the Tiger. Over these years, he has seen the development of the art form. 　7　 first, the clay tigers were all of the same small size. Now there are tigers of different 　8　(size) and the largest can be over two meters tall. The tigers used to be colored pink and green, but now have become more colorful.
Today Nie cares for the future of clay sculpture handicraft 　9　 encourages young craftsmen to create more works. He 　10　(real) hopes that the sculpture handicraft will be passed down to the next generation.
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Cloze 3(2024湖南衡阳)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
　　Our family bought a new smart TV set last week. It is 　1　(real) cool! But we didn't know what we should do 　2　 the old one. Then I 　3　(see) an advertisement(广告) for Tech-Help. Tech-Help donates smart TV sets to people who need them.
　4　 far, Tech-Help has donated(捐赠) 　5　(many) than 2,000 smart TV sets to different families across the country. Last year they gave smart TV sets to poor families. 　6　 is very easy to donate smart TV sets to Tech-Help. Yesterday, my brother 　7　 I took the old smart TV set to a local shop. Two 　8　(hour) later, Tech-Help collected it from the shop. They will clean the smart TV set and make it better.
Right now, Tech-Help is giving smart TV sets to families in Xinjiang. There are about 50 families on the 　9　(wait) list. They believe they will get the smart TV sets soon. I'm 　10　(excite) we could do something to help others!
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Cloze 4(2024湖南长沙)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Netherlands needs thousands of new houses because the country 　1　 (have) a growing population. Anyway, it may not have to build all those houses. Some of 　2　 (they) can be printed.
　3　 (recent), the government has been working together with a university and some building companies(公司)to build houses that are fully 3D-printed. As volunteers, an old couple has become the first people in Europe to move into such 　4　 house.
With two 　5　 (bedroom) and a big living room, the house was built layer(层) by layer, using a huge 3D printer and special cement(水泥). After being printed out, the house 　6　(carry) by a truck to the building site, and a roof(屋顶)and windows were later added. It took around 120 hours 　7　 (finish) this 3D-printed house. Usually, it takes about one or two years to build a house in the 　8　 (tradition) way.
The couple will live 　9　 this house for six months, with a monthly pay of 800 euros(欧元). The cost seems a little bit high, but they think it is much cheaper 　10　 living in the hotel.
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Cloze 5(2024江苏苏州)
　　请认真阅读下面短文,在横线上填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A hurricane(飓风) is a huge storm that forms over warm ocean water. Hurricanes have winds that move in 　1　 circle. Hurricane winds are very 　2　(power), and can move at speeds from 120 km/h to over 300 km/h.
The centre of hurricane winds is called the eye. Winds in the eye 　3　 (be) not very strong. Around the eye is an area called the eye wall. The wall is where winds are the 　4　 (strong) and rain is the heaviest.
Strong winds and heavy rain can do a lot of damage(破坏) when a hurricane moves over land.
Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break 　5　 (window) into pieces. The winds can even knock over tall trees, which might fall on buildings or cars. Strong winds can pick up objects and send 　6　 (they) into the air, causing damage.
Heavy rain from a hurricane can cause floods in areas that are not close 　7　 a coast. The floodwater can be very deep. It sometimes 　8　 (reach) almost up to the top of houses. Water goes into the houses 　9　 (quick) and does a lot of damage. Wooden structures(结构) might not be safe after a flood.
　10　 there is no way to prevent a hurricane, you can get prepared for it.
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Cloze 6(2024浙江杭州)
　　阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Old new medicines
What should you do if you have a headache In modern times, people often take aspirin(阿司匹林). But is aspirin 　1　(actual) a modern medicine
More than 4,000 years ago, ancient Egyptians used dried leaves to treat pain. And in the fourth century B.C., a medicine made from tree bark(树皮) 　2　 (use) to treat fevers. In the nineteenth century, European scientists discovered that both medicines have the same chemical (化学物质). They used the chemical to make a modern medicine—aspirin. Today, it's one of the world's 　3　(cheap) and most helpful medicines.
Some of the medicines we have today come 　4　 traditional Chinese medicine. In the third century B.C., some people 　5　(begin) studying the human body. They tried many different ways to treat the patients and recorded 　6　(they) results. For more than 2,000 years, doctors recorded 　7　 they found in books. These ancient books are still useful today. Tu Youyou, a Chinese medical researcher, found that in 　8　 past, people used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers. After studying it, she developed a medicine that saved millions of people from dying.
For 　9　(century), Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine. But today, scientists are studying traditional treatments 　10　(develop) new medicines.
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分类训练三　首字母填空
Cloze 1(2024天津)
　　根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is p　1　 with some progress in studies. Or a person may smile if a friend tells a funny joke. There are other good r　2　 to smile often.
First, it is e　3　 to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles(肌肉) to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your f　4　 a rest and smile!
Second, smiles are nice. People may try to l　5　 nice by exercising or wearing nice clothes. However, people often say a smile is the best thing a person can wear. That is because it is easy to be a　6　 someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy.
Third, smiles have power(感染力). Both smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s　7　 from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him or her want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend(往往会) to laugh with him or her. If a person is s　8　, the best thing to do is to share a smile or a laugh. It is the easiest way to cheer someone up.
F　9　, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even though you are sad, try smiling. You'll find that it will be difficult to s　10　 sad for very long!
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Cloze 2(2024江苏扬州)
　　根据短文和首字母提示,在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在横线上完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词)
　　Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up.
“Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S　1　 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her mother doesn't love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.”
Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn't know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b　2　 he knows it's saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs. Darling's eyes.
“She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c　3　 both have her.”
He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e　4　.
“Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window.
When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o　5　 for them. They all get into bed to surprise their mother.
When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children's room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say something, but she says n　6　. She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire.
The children are so w　7　. Why isn't their mother happy to see them again All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d　8　 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana come in. They are all so happy. Peter w　9　 them from the window but he is looking at something he will never have.
Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g　10　 up and has a daughter of her own. Peter is still a boy who can't grow up.
—Taken from Peter Pan
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Cloze 3(2024江苏连云港)
　　根据短文意思和首字母提示,写出一个完整正确的单词。
　　The traditional Chinese lunar calendar has 24 solar terms(节气) in a year. Ancient Chinese people created this system to m　1　 the change of time based on the sun's position. In ancient times, this system guided farming activities. It t　2　 farmers what to do according to the changes in temperature. Today, 24 solar terms still play an important role in Chinese people's e　3　 life. They remind people of the changes in s　4　 and to eat suitable food. This ancient time system has gained new charm now. In Beijing 2024 Winter Olympics, the director used a new countdown(倒计时) method, showing 24 solar terms instead of numbers. This creative method was greatly p 　5　 by people around the world. They are amazed by the wisdom of Chinese people.
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Cloze 4(2024广东广州)
阅读短文,根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式,每空限填一词。
Dunhuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c　1　 of trade. As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China's western gateway to the world. Here, different cultures met and influenced each other. People from f　2　 countries did business and communicated with the local people.
If you v　3　 Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves (莫高窟). If you walk i　4　, you will discover some of the wonderful artworks. There are over 45,000 square metres of beautiful paintings on the cave walls, as well as thousands of statues.
Over the years, China has made great efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Today, you can also find high-quality photos of the artworks on the Internet. People all over the world now have a c　5　 to see Dunhuang's treasures online.
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Cloze 5(2024湖北武汉)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词,单词的第一个字母已给出。
　　Eric Green has always wondered about things that live in the ocean. When he was y　1　, he loved to swim. He liked to watch all kinds of underwater animals and plants through his mask(潜水面罩). When he grew up, he wanted to l　2　 for new things in the ocean.
Today, Mr. Green is a marine ecologist(海洋生态学家). He studies how underwater animals and plants connect with each other and need each other to stay a　3　.
Mr. Green studies coral reefs(珊瑚礁) in the Pacific Ocean. A coral reef is like a big underwater t　4　. Thousands of animals and plants live there. They compete for food and space there. As a result, the beautiful coral reefs get i　5　 easily.
Mr. Green also studies how people's actions can change coral reefs. Sometimes people pollute the sea or overfish it, so the w　6　 that all the living things are joined together has been changed.
If coral reefs get hurt, many animals have to find new homes. Some animals' n　7　 drop low, and some animals just disappear. Mr. Green wants to p　8　 this from happening.
Mr. Green believes that all living things in a coral reef should be k　9　 safe. “Underwater ecosystems are like airplanes,” Mr. Green says. “They need all of their parts to work correctly.”
“To take better care of marine homes, we first must k　10　 them. Only through that, can we understand the great influence humans have on these places,” Mr. Green says.
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Cloze 6(2024湖北武汉)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词,单词的第一个字母已给出。
　　Susan is the daughter of the famous environmental scientist Clark. But the woman has become an environmentalist on her o　1　.
In 1992, the first U.N. Earth Summit(峰会) was held in Rio de Janeiro. Thousands of people from around the world h　2　 for it to talk about the Earth's tomorrow. Twelve-year-old Susan and three of her friends formed a group. They raised money to travel to Rio to a　3　 the summit.
At the summit, Susan said that the state of the environment w　4　 her a lot. “You don't know how to fix the holes in our ozone layer (臭氧层). You don't know how to bring back forests that once g　5　 where there is now desert. If you don't know how to fix the Earth, please stop b　6　 it!” The six-minute speech silenced all the people and made them fall into deep thinking.
After that speech, Susan began to lead “two lives”. On the t　7　 days, she was a schoolchild. But during her vacations, she s　8　 internationally about the environment.
Now, nearly 30 years has passed since Susan made her Rio speech. Although many of the world's environmental problems have only become w　9　, Susan does agree that some things are different now. More and more people give voice like Susan because they have realized the importance of the environment.
“Thirty years ago, I was fighting for my tomorrow. Now, I am fighting for the f　10　 of my sons,” says Susan, now a mother of two, who has kept calling people's attention to climate(气候) change.
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分类训练四　短文填空
Cloze 1(2024河南)
　　阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Comments(评论) about the National Museum of Chinese Writing
Learn about the history of Chinese writing
I love this great museum. It is a wonderful place 　1　 learn about Chinese characters(文字). In the museum, you will see how the Chinese characters developed 　2　 the early pictograms(象形文字) into different characters being used today. It is really one of 　3　 most interesting museums that I have ever visited!
A very educational and interesting museum
This museum is very interesting to the visitors 　4　 are interested in the nation's written history. 　5　 is a lot to see in the museum. Chinese characters usually have several different parts that work together to tell a story, giving the characters their meanings.
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Cloze 2(2024重庆A)
　　根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示,在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。
　　After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat, you will 　1　 so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking 　2　 water really unhealthy
Cold water is said to slow down a person's digestion(消化). Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body's temperature l　3　. Cold water causes your blood vessels(血管) to become narrower(更狭窄的). So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your 　4　 back to normal. At the same time, less energy is used for digestion.
Think of your digestive system as a burning pot. If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot, what would 　5　 Doing this would be dangerous. Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is 　6　 adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn't that bad, but it is a good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals may be a bad idea. 　7　 you cannot control your urge (冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.
Traditional Chinese Medicine suggests trying to avoid drinking cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes headaches. Scientists are doing more research on this. Maybe in the future t　8　 can give us more helpful information.
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Cloze 3(2024山西)
　　请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,在空白处填入恰当的单词,使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。
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Cloze 4(2024山西,A)
请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,在空白处填入恰当的单词,使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。
Kids' Body Language
　　Do you want to know your kids well If so, just start with their body language.
We all talk, but most of the talking is body language. You may not notice it, 　1　 we use body language much more than we think.
Usually kids' body language is the same 　2　 adults', and sometimes it sends a different message. Here are some examples. Let's see what they mean.
Not standing straight 　　A kid 　3　 doesn't stand straight may feel unhappy or just feel a bit down. He might not feel very good about himself, or 　4　 might just be thinking about something else! It's not always easy to say, and most of the time he won't tell you 　5　 is the matter. My advice: if there are no health problems, don't care. Not looking you in the eye 　　A kid who doesn't look you in the eye may not believe in himself, or he may be afraid 　6　 his elders. He may also feel uncomfortable looking at anybody. There 　7　 a few things that you can do. Try to do things with them that don't require looking at you. You could also pretend(假装) not to notice it. My advice: 　8　 they are smart, friendly and polite, it'll probably be OK.
　　If you are interested 　9　 kids' body language, welcome to my corner. We will talk more about it from 8:00 　10　 9:00 p.m. on Monday.
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模拟汇编
模拟检测一
选词填空
Cloze 1(2024四川成都一模)
　　从下面方框中选出10个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
achieve　embarrass　fail　happy　invite　little　much　pioneer　process　punish　rise　scientific
A Chinese girl Tan Fanglin overcame a world-class math problem. She 　1　 to attend the 2nd World Laureates Forum when she was municating with top scientists in the world, she became a 　2　 star in this meeting of the world's super minds. Her discovery has won her many prizes in youth innovation competitions in China. However, Tan is not a “talent” in the traditional sense. Her 　3　 in math are from her wisdom, interest, and hard work.
Tan's father was a professor of math. Tan showed a high interest in math when she was very young. She likes to find answers on her own. The more difficult the problem is, the more interested she is. In this 　4　, her father only gives her proper guidance.
Tan took part in many research projects, so compared with her classmates, she spent　5　 time on textbooks at school. She made serious mistakes during an exam at school once. Instead of 　6　 her, her parents let her find the problem by herself and achieve a better balance(平衡) between textbook study and research. It was because of the trust of her parents that Tan began to plan her study time 　7　.
Attending this meeting made Tan get more inspiration from the world's top scientists. She even got the opportunity to talk with Gero Miesenb ck, who is one of the 　8　 in the field of optogenetics(光遗传学). Miesenb ck has encouraged her not to lose her love for what she does and said accepting 　9　 is important to researchers. He has stressed that people all know that even Thomas Edison went through thousands of unsuccessful tries before finally inventing the light bulb. Tan has met many difficulties in her research and often feels 　10　. The words have made her feel inspired.
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Cloze 2(2024山东济宁)
　　阅读下面短文,从方框中选择适当的词语填空。方框中有两个词语为多余选项。
But, culture, dishes, fans, liked, missed, online, share, videos
　　Max Burns, a 19-year-old British man, is very popular on the Internet because of his videos of making Chinese food.
Max's parents worked in China for many years. So Max spent his first 13 years being immersed(沉浸于) in Chinese 　1　 —learning the language and loving the food. When his family moved to Brighton, UK in 2017, Max 　2　 Chinese food very much. He began to order takeaways(外卖食物)from local Chinese restaurants at first. 　3　 the meals didn't taste the same as they were in China. They were also very expensive. Then Max decided to try to make Chinese 　4　 at home.
Max found that many of his friends didn't know much about the real Chinese food. He wanted to do something. Then he made videos of making Chinese food and put them 　5　. In his videos, Max shows others how to cook the real Chinese food at home. The videos have helped him win millions of 　6　 all over the world.
“When people ask me where I'm from, I find it hard to answer because I grew up in China and now I'm living in the UK, ” he says. “I'm just trying to 　7　 Chinese and British culture with Chinese and British people, and build a cultural bridge between them.”
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Cloze 3(2024 山西太原五中二模)
　　请根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。 方框中有两个词为多余项。
on　with　that　clever　protect　why　total　thing　accept　choose　realize 　what
As time goes by, I have found that more and more people I met have different opinions from me.
Sometimes I couldn't even use the word “different” to describe this, because our views were in fact 　1　 opposite to each other.
In the past, I 　2　 to argue with people like this. I always expressed my ideas clearly and hoped my ideas 　3　. At the same time I was trying to show that other people were wrong and I was 　4　 than them. But as time passed by, I gradually(逐渐地) came 　5　 that what I had been doing might not be right.
Every person has different experiences. And our views are based(基于) 　6　 our own experiences. There are too many subjective(主观的)　7　 in these views. And we think that there is no need to question these opinions. They need 　8　 of their ideas.
But when you ask yourself why these opinions are right, the only answer 　9　 you can give yourself may just be, “Because they are just right.” That's 　10　 now I prefer to respect a person even if our views are completely different. Because, finally, I cannot be sure that what I think is right. We'd better let the result judge.
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语法填空
Cloze 4(2024河北唐山一模)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词(有提示词的,填入所给单词的正确形式)。
Susan is my sister. She is three years 　1　(old) than me. We have been close 　2　(friend) since we were little. We often 　3　(talk) about our daily life and dreams when we were young. Time flies and we have grown up. My sister is a doctor and she is always nice 　4　 her patients. Her wish is that all her patients will become 　5　(health). I am really proud of 　6　 she does. I work in 　7　 famous computer company, which is the 　8　(two) largest one in China. I am busy on weekdays, but I am free on weekends. I often go to my sister's home for dinner, because my house is very close to 　9　(she). She always 　10　(cook) delicious meals for me. We can often stay together as before.
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Cloze 5(2024湖南长沙二模)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once a young man was traveling by train. It was a long 　1　 boring journey. As the train turned a corner, it slowed down and then 　2　 ordinary house came into sight. The house looked so different from the grey apartment buildings of the city 　3　 everybody on the train turned to look at it. Some passengers began to talk about it.
The young man was also 　4　(interest) in the house. He decided to get 　5　 at the next station and make 　6　(he) way to the house. The owner of the house told him that he was trying to sell the house, but no one would buy it, as the noise of the trains passing by made it unsuitable to live in.
The young man decided 　7　(buy) the house right then and there for $30,000. He used it for advertising, as the house faced the railway bend(弯道). The train had to slow down at the bend, giving the passengers plenty of time to look at the house.
The young man went to several big companies and explained the advantages of placing advertisements on the side of the house. 　8　(final), one company agreed to place some ads. The young man 　9　(pay) $180,000 for three years of advertising.
In this world, turning disadvantages into advantages is the key to 　10　(succeed).
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Cloze 6(2024福建福州一模)
　　阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
　　If you do not live by the sea, you may not think a lot about oceans during your 　1　/ de li/ life. But World Oceans Day, which falls on June 8 every year, is a good time to think about 　2　 amazing and important oceans are.
The world's oceans cover nearly three 　3　(four) of the Earth's surface. They are a great source(来源) of food for people around the world. Many people make a living by 　4　(catch) fish. There are also a lot of people who sell or cook seafood to support 　5　(they) life.
The ocean is necessary for the health of our planet. Oceans absorb(吸收) much of the heat that reaches the earth from the sun. This makes the 　6　 / tempr t (r)/ on the earth not too high.
Over half the oxygen(氧气) that animals breathe 　7　(come) from small oceanic plants called phytoplankton(浮游植物). These plants also absorb large amounts of CO2. They are also a key source of food—for a lot of sea animals.
Today, many dangers threaten (威胁) the health of oceans. Plastic pollution is one 　8　 the problems. Many plastic products that people throw away often reach the ocean. Many animals mistake plastic waste for their 　9　 and eat it. This can cause death of these animals.
But it doesn't have to be this way, does it Thus(因此), we hope you can spend some time thinking about what you can do to 　10　 /pr tekt/ oceans on this special day, and you may find you can do your part.
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首字母填空
Cloze 7(2024天津和平一模)
　　根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Smartphones have truly been a wonderful invention, getting us all closer to one another than ever before. And yet, people seem to pay m　1　 attention to the phone in their hands than the person sitting in front of them. As a result, some restaurants have taken s　2　 to restrict the use of smartphones during a meal.
Tim Love, a cook who owns several restaurants in the US, believes it's time for people to enjoy a smartphone-free dinner. His Italian restaurant, Caterina's, requires customers to pack their phones away into small bags w　3　 they sit down to eat. “We give each guest a small bag to put his/her phone in and the bag stays with the guest the whole dinner,” Tim says. “If some people just have their phones in their pockets, we're going to k　4　 ask them to put their phones in the bag.”
If a customer is expecting a call or is nervous about m　5　 one, the restaurant offers an old-school bright red landline(固定电话). “If someone really needs to use his phone during dinner, he is welcome to simply walk outside to use it,” Tim adds. “We also offer a service to people w　6　 want to take photos of their unforgettable meal. We're going to send a follow-up email to all the customers the next day, i　7　 a photo of everything they ordered. Then they can share it online.”
The idea is to c　8　 a place where people can pay full attention to their friends, dining environment and good food without being distracted by technology.
Also, the restaurant wants to keep things classy(高级的), so men are r　9　 to wear jackets. If one forgets, they'll lend him one at the front door. And even the dinner's pace is to help people relax. “Caterina's guests will be treated to a multi-course meal,” Tim says. “The whole e　10　 encourages you to slow down. There will be lots of little surprises throughout the meal.”
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Cloze 8 (2024江苏南京二模)
　　请根据短文内容和首字母提示,填写所缺单词。
Many children have music classes when they attend school. And it's thought that music can r　1　 help children with learning other subjects.
One research project looked at what happened when a class of children were d　2　 into groups and given a simple task to do. One group was listening to music while completing it, and the other was completing the task in silence. And there was a difference b　3　 the two. The first group performed better than the second. So it seems that music can i　4　 performance in certain areas.
So how can you benefit from studying music According to some studies, musical training can develop the part of your b　5　 that deals with language, so you can understand your own language better. It could also help with learning a s　6　 one. And that's a very useful skill to have. What's more, young people who've studied music s　7　 to score more highly in other areas such as maths. So it could be that these school subjects are connected.
Music also lets you explore new i　8　, think in a creative way, and grow confident. If you're learning the guitar, for example, it can be really exciting when you're able to start inventing your own pieces of music. And when you do that, you're practising your l　9　 skills because you have to listen carefully to the music you're making.
One of the biggest benefits is that listening to music helps you to be l　10　 stressed. And creating music can make you feel the same way. That should always be in a relaxed atmosphere(氛围). And who knows Maybe your musical knowledge will open up a great career(职业) path for you in the future!
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短文填空
Cloze 9(2024广东东莞二模)
　　请用适当的词完成下面的短文,并把所缺单词填写在答题线上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
A man sees a butterfly. The butterfly tries to get out of　1　 chrysalis(蛹). The man cut the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. To his 　2　, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn't struggle(挣扎) to get out of the chrysalis, it can't fly. The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the 　3　 in young people and prepare the ability to “fly”.
When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life. For successful people, the more challenges they have had, the more　4　 they are. One famous man, who now owns many big 　5　, used to sell socks from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Eric. He set up a college at the age of 30. His father 　6　 when he was only 16 years old. He worked 　7　 in the day and studied hard in the night. His father's death forced him to grow up fast. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today, not only he himself, 　8　 also his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.
Nowadays, some parents and teachers actively 　9　 young people to face challenges. It is important 　10　 them to learn to meet challenges and overcome them.
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Cloze 10(2024重庆南开中学模拟)
　　根据下面短文内容,在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。
Does speaking on the phone make you nervous
Speaking with people on the phone is becoming less common these days. Many people prefer to use email or messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone. But sometimes it's hard to 　1　 making a phone call. But this simple act can actually be an unpleasant experience for some people. Their hearts may race at the very thought. If this sounds familiar to you, you might be among those with telephobia—the 　2　 of speaking on the phone.
Telephobia is a form of social anxiety(焦虑). People who feel perfectly comfortable in social situations may also experience telephobia. When 　3　 face to face, we have lots of facial(面部的) expressions that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. Very often the idea of speaking on the phone makes some people so scared that they will freeze up or lose control of the conversation. 　4　, there are things that they can do to stop this fear.
One thing that those with telephobia can do 　5　 making a call is smiling. It may sound silly, but smiling can help you feel more 　6　. It won't get rid of (消除) the anxiety altogether, but it will take the edge off (使……缓解) it.
Similarly, imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly. Just run through a positive conversation in your head. That will make you feel less nervous and may help you predict(预测) any possible problem.
Well, you don't always have to pick up the phone at once. There's nothing wrong with calling the person back 　7　 when you feel more comfortable. So next time your phone starts ringing, remember—speaking on the phone doesn't have to make you nervous. The important thing is to realize your fear and take steps to deal with 　8　. Over time, you will learn that using the phone need not be a terrifying experience.
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模拟检测二
选词填空
Cloze 1(2024 广西柳州二模)
　　根据语篇内容,从方框中选择恰当的单词,并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。
down　stop　music　we　brain　share　as　found　also　However
Do you like dancing to music Humans are not the only animals that can dance to the beats of music. Recently, scientists 　1　 that even mice can “dance” to the music of Mozart and other artists. Animals may love “disco dancing” just 　2　 humans do.
Scientists at the University of Tokyo, Japan, played　3　 to mice at different tempos(节奏). The mice's heads moved up and 　4　 when the tempo was between 120 and 140 beats per minute. If the music was played faster or slower, the heads 　5　 moving. That's almost the same as humans! It showed we may share how our 　6　 react(反应) to tempos with other animals. The study could help 　7　 understand the origin(起源) of the human sense of tempos.
　8　, the scientists pointed out that this study didn't show if the mice can predict the beats or just react to them. It was 　9　 unclear if they enjoyed dancing to human music. Next, the team will see what other aspects(方面) of music we might 　10　 with other animals. Let's wait for the result of the deep research.
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Cloze 2(2024四川成都)
　　从下面方框中选出10个单词,将其正确形式填入短文,使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
actual　advantage　chance　child　difficult　difference　few　hear　many　possible　silence　tell
Do you believe a rose plant says “I want some water” or a tree shouts “My arms hurt” Maybe you will say this could only happen in some 　1　 stories.
In fact, plants are not always 　2　. A recent study has found plants shout when they are in need of water or having their stems cut. “Even in a quiet field, there are 　3　 some sounds that carry information. However, the pitch(音高) is too high for people 　4　,” said Lilach Hadany, a professor from Tel Aviv University.
The researchers used microphones to record some tomato plants and found that stressed plants send out 　5　 sounds than unstressed plants. “When tomatoes are not stressed at all, they are very quiet,” Professor Hadany said. They also trained a machine in 　6　 the differences between thirsty plants and cut plants. The result shows that when the causes of stress change, they shout 　7　. After the team recorded many kinds of other plants, they found that many plants like corn, wheat and grape plants send out sounds when they are under stress, too.
“There is a 　8　 that a lot of communication is happening,” Professor Hadany said. “Because other plants can probably hear the call of the stressed plants.”
Sound recordings of plants could bring humans lots of 　9　, especially in farming. For example, people will make sure whether corn is getting enough water or where water is needed most without much 　10　.
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Cloze 3(2024辽宁抚顺质调)
　　根据短文内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文完整、正确。(每个词只能用一次,有两个多余词)
also, come, first, do, although, including, develop, total, build, and, different, competition
Cross-country skiing(越野滑雪) is the oldest kind of skiing. It appeared from a need to travel over snow-covered land in Northern Europe and 　1　 as a sport at the end of the 19th century. For centuries, in Northern Europe, people skied(滑雪)　2　 things like collecting firewood in winter. With long distances(距离) between the small communities and hard, snowy winters, skiing 　3　 became an important way for people to keep in touch with each other.
As a sport, the men's event of cross-country skiing debuted(首次亮相) at the 　4　 Olympic Winter Games in Chamonix in 1924, 　5　 the women's event debuted at the 1952 Olympic Winter Games in Oslo. There are many famous cross-country skiing players, and Marit Bjoergen who 　6　 from Norway, is one of them. She has won many skiing 　7　. She headed the medal table at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver by winning five medals, 　8　 three golds. At the 2018 PyeongChang Games, her five Olympic medals brought her 　9　 number of medals up to 15, the most by any other player in Winter Olympics history.
There were 12 events in the sport at the Beijing 2024 Winter Olympics. Players from 　10　 countries competed in the events. Have you seen them
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语法填空
Cloze 4(2024四川南充二模)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back as far as 7,000 years. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo 　1　(use) in ancient people's daily lives. People used it for furniture from tables to beds, tableware from plates to chopsticks, houses from roofs to windows, musical 　2　(instrument) like flutes and even weapons(武器).
In 251 BC, Li Bing, the chief officer in ancient Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 　3　(lead) the local people to build the Dujiang Weirs. Thanks to 　4　(they) hard work, the first irrigation(灌溉) network in the world appeared. And bamboo played 　5　 important role in it. The world's oldest water pipe(管道) was also made of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan 　6　(success) dug a 1600-metre-deep well(井) with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe 　7　 the 19th century.
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as one of the “four gentlemen” in plants. To many men, bamboo,hard but flexible,is a symbol of the spirit of being determined. 　8　 people face difficulties, they are encouraged 　9　(hold) on by the effect of bamboo culture. We often compare those people 　10　 are determined and never give up to bamboo.
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Cloze 5(2024河北衡水三模)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词(有提示词的,填入所给单词的正确形式)。
Origami(折纸工艺), a traditional skill, has a history of over 2,000 years. But it has just 　1　(come) into the public eye according to 74-year-old Li Xingwang. It is the 　2　(twenty-three) year for him to go on this work. With only a piece of paper, Li shows his excellent “fingertip ballet” skills, which is 　3　(high) praised by many people.
His home is 　4　 a tiny “zoo”. It is filled with paper-works in different sizes and shapes of 　5　(animal) such as ducks, horses and dragons. He is most 　6　(pride) of a Chinese dragon with 1,444 scales(鳞片) on the desk in his reading room. It took 　7　(he) nearly half a year to finish this wonderful work. He spent most of his time making the scales 　8　 it is the hardest process. He plans to show the work next year in 　9　 exhibition.
He 　10　(dream) of setting up a base one day to show origami works. He hopes more people know about the traditional skill.
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Cloze 6(2024湖北黄冈二模)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(每空不超过三个单词)。
My husband Ben and I were hanging out on the street one evening. I was talking but he was 　1　(look) over at someone.
He walked over to 　2　 young girl who was crying. As he talked to her, I could see from his body language that he was trying 　3　(calm) her down. When I joined them, I realized that she had been homeless 　4　 some time. She told Ben that all she wanted was to go to her sister's house in another city.
Some people would have handed her some money, 　5　(offer) her dinner or maybe allowed her to make a call. Ben did much more. He said, “Kelly, I can't leave her here like this. Sometimes people need someone not only to help them but to believe they're telling the 　6　(true).”
It was a bit cold, so we had an idea to take her home. When I asked her 　7　 she'd like to go home with us, she thanked me about a million times with 　8　(tear) in her eyes.
We went home and I gave her some clean clothes to wear and told her she could use the shower. We ate something. 　9　(final), she told us her story.
In the morning she was able to get a hold of her sister, so she had a place to go. Ben drove her to the bus station and bought her a ticket.
Sometimes what people need 　10　(be) not just money, but people who will trust, listen to and understand them.
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首字母填空
Cloze 7(2024湖北武汉一模)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词,单词的第一个字母已给出。
A lending library has opened on line 2 of Shanghai's metro recently. This “underground” library a　1　 subway riders to choose a book at one station and leave it at another station when they've finished reading it. Besides, the s　2　 is free!
The idea is to e　3　 more people to read books and to make better use of their time while they ride back and forth to work. So far it's been a great s　4　 with most people returning the books and also leaving a one yuan donation which is used for charity.
Shanghai's underground library is an e　5　 of “guerilla libraries(流动图书馆)” which have been springing up all over the world. Unlike a t　6　 library, a guerilla library is usually set up by individuals who want to c　7　 people of similar interests within a community. It maybe a few s　8　 of books set up on the corner in a neighborhood, or just a book left in a coffee shop with instructions inside to p　9　 the book along after it's read.
According to the guerilla library movement, e-books have taken the passion out of reading. They say people are losing out on the very emotion(情感) that comes with h　10　 a real book in their hands and also the satisfaction that comes with sharing a book with another person.
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Cloze 8(2024天津河北二模)
根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
As a 3-year-old in West Africa, Aliou was sitting by a fire when his quilt (被子) caught fire. One of his arms was b　1　 burned. He needed surgery (手术), but his family couldn't a　2　 it. Then one day, Aliou's grandmother heard about a ship that was travelling around Africa and p　3　 free medical care. She took Aliou to the ship, and doctors straightened (把……弄直) his arm with surgery. The medical treatment changed Aliou's life.
The ship that helped Aliou belongs to an organisation called Mercy Ships. Mercy Ships sends ships with medical equipment(设备) around the world, mainly in Africa now. Trained doctors volunteer to travel on these ships and perform free surgeries on people who n　4　 them.
When medical c　5　 are very poor, it can cause more problems than just pain, although pain is bad enough. People with health problems are sometimes ostracized (排挤) by their community. That can also prevent (阻止) children from going to school and adults from working.
Mercy Ships wants to make a change in the communities its ships visit. It has medical equipment and e　6　 better hospitals. Its medical volunteers o　7　 training to local doctors. They also teach local farmers how to farm their l　8　 better. This helps save many people from hunger(饥饿).
Treating patients on a ship has several a　9　 compared with land-based(位于陆地上的) hospitals. About half of the world's population lives near the c　10　. Ships can bring modern health care to patients in many different places. Also, ships have their own electricity and running water. So they can give a safe environment to patients.
By treating people and training communities, Mercy Ships is making life better for people in poor areas around the world.
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短文填空
Cloze 9(2024广东中山三模)
　　请阅读下面短文,在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Over the past 14 years, 32-year-old Li Hongjia has helped nearly 500 deaf children learn to speak.
Li was born　1　 central China. When she was in college, she began working with deaf children as a 　2　 in a rehabilitation(康复) center. At first, Li wanted to be a designer after graduation as her parents expected, but the volunteer service experience 　3　 her mind. She wanted to be a teacher at the center to help these children more. And she made it. However, it wasn't 　4　 for Li to work in the center at first. Li couldn't afford a big room 　5　 she only got 800 yuan a month. She had to live in a small room of 　6　 than 10 square meters. Even the bed was 　7　 with two chairs by herself. The biggest problem came from Li's 　8　. They couldn't accept their daughter's job. Her father even refused to see her. But when he saw the children for the first time, he was touched 　9　 and got a better understanding of his daughter's work.
Li tries　10　 best to teach the children to speak. “If a job is only for money, I would not choose it,” Li said. “This job gives me a great sense of achievement.”
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Cloze 10(2024重庆三模)
根据下面短文内容, 在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词, 使短文完整、通顺。
Have you ever noticed the old walls and boring switch boxes (配电箱) along the busy streets in your city I used to think they didn't match the beautiful living environment. But now they take on a new 　1　. The paintings “Nezha Conquers the Dragon King” and “Yugong Moves the Mountain” turn the walls into screens with sound, 　2　 me some traditional stories. A child using a bamboo basket to catch a sparrow(麻雀) is drawn on a switch box, which reminds me of the meaningful childhood. Every day when I go to school, I expect to meet the “storytellers” and “memory reminders”. Their new looks and wide spreading surprise me so much.
I am so 　3　 in the new paintings on different walls of the city that I often spend my weekend time looking for them and watching them. My interest has led me to know they are all called street graffiti(涂鸦). In the beginning, graffiti was a kind of ads which helped the businessmen sell their products. Due to its low costs, it 　4　 around the city. Later, artists found that they could also move their paintings from paper to the walls. The city became more beautiful 　5　 more paintings on the walls appearing.
As the graffiti paintings on walls become popular, artists begin to look for other proper places where they can show their painting creativity. The switch boxes come into their eyes.
If you are careful enough, you can find the differences between the two kinds of paintings. The boxes are not so big as the walls, 　6　 the artists often draw one simple painting on each box like a cute child or a flower. However, the graffiti on each wall often has one theme but a set of paintings. One more thing, the graffiti paintings on the boxes have brighter colors, compared with the 　7　 on the walls. And the bright colors catch people's eye so that street graffiti on the switch boxes spreads more 　8　. That's why you can see them wherever you go.
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