专题二十一 定语从句（基础训练）——中考英语一轮复习备考合集
1.He lost a bike ________ cost him 60 dollars.
A. who B. whom C. that D. where
2.I’m one of those people ________ must leave hometowns for the big cities where they work.
A. which B. whom C. who D. whose
3.We need people ________ are good at English to be volunteers.
A. whom B. who C. which
4.A study shows that children _________ spend more time outdoors are more intelligent.
A. which B. whom C. who
5.—Do you know the lady _________ is interviewing our headmaster？
—Yes,she is a journalist from CCTV.
A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
6.—What can we do for the left-home children ______ have difficulty in English
—We could help them with their study online on weekends.
A. which B. whose C. who
7.She likes musicians ______ play different kinds of music.
A.who B.which C.where D.when
8.Jackie Chan is an actor ________ is famous for his Chinese kung fu in the action movies.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. who
9.We should look up to those scientists ________ sent Tianzhou-1 Cargo Spaceship (天舟一号货运飞船) to space.
A.which B.who C.what D.they
10.The town ________we visited a few years ago is much larger than before.
A. who B. which C. where
11.Children _____ don't like exercising will put on weight easily.
A. who B. which C.what D. how
12.Do you have books about famous scientists _________ are suitable for children to read
A. what B. which C. who D. whom
13.We should look up to those scientists _________ sent Tianzhou-1 Cargo Spaceship to space.
A. who B. what C. which
14.—Have you found the book about Sherlock Holmes ________ you want to read
—Not yet. It has been borrowed by someone else.
A. who B. which C. whose D. when
15.—Do you know the woman _________ is standing outside the classroom
—Yes, She is Tom’s mother, my neighbor.
A. whom B. which C. whose D. who
答案以及解析
1.答案：C
解析：本句考查定语从句。先行词是a bike，指物，关系代词用that/which，在定语从句中作主语。A.指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人，在定语从句中作宾语;C.指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语;D.指地点，在定语从句中作状语。故选C。
2.答案：C
解析：which哪个;whom谁，who的宾格;who谁;whose谁的。定语从句先行词"people"指人，且在从句中作主语，关系词应用who。故选: C。
3.答案：B
解析：根据观察可知题干包含定语从句。先行词是people。whom在引导的定语从句中作宾语;who在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语;which在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语。本题答案是B。故选:B。
4.答案：C
解析：这是一个定语从句，修饰先行词 "children"，指人，因此需要使用关系代词 "who"。选项C "who" 正确。
5.答案：B
解析：分析句子，结合选项，推测意思是你认识正在采访校长的那位女士吗.这是一个定语从句，先行词是 the lady，指人，在从句中充当主语，故选B.
6.答案：C
解析：此处考查定语从句，先行词是 “the left-home children”（留守儿童），指人，且在从句中作主语，要用关系代词 “who” 来引导定语从句；A 选项 “which” 引导定语从句时先行词一般是物；B 选项 “whose” 在定语从句中作定语，不符合此处在从句中作主语的要求，所以选 C。
7.答案：A
解析：根据题干，可知考查定语从句，指人，关系代词用who/that.故选:A。
8.答案：D
解析：考查关系代词。which先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语;whom先行词是人，在从句中作宾语;whose用来指人或物，用作定语;who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。句子主语是“Jackie Chan”，后面的定语从句需要一个关系代词来引导，指代"Jackie Chan"并在从句中作主语，故用“who”合适。故选D。
9.答案：B
解析：考查定语从句。先行词指人，故用who 引导该定语从句。
10.答案：B
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。who谁,指代人;which指代物;where在哪里，指代地点。根据“The town ... we visited a few years ago is much larger than before.”可知，此处定语从句的先行词是物，且从句中缺少visited 之后的宾语成分，应用指代物的代词。故选B。
11.答案：A
解析：句意:不喜欢运动的孩子很容易发胖。考查定语从句。根据题干可知考查定语从句,先行词是children,指人,作主语,关系代词用who。故选A。
12.答案：B
解析：句意:你有适合小孩子读的关于科学家的书吗 定语从句不用what引导;which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语;who指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语;whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。根据句意可知，先行词为books,指物，且从句中缺少主语，故选B。
13.答案：A
解析：考查定语从句的连接词。句意：我们应该尊敬那些把天洲一号货运飞船送入太空的科学家。在定语从句中，先行词是物，引导词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用 that 或 which 引导此定语从句；如果先行词是人，引导词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用 that 或 who 引导此定语从句。本句是定语从句，先行词是 those scientists，是人，引导词在定语从句中作主语，可知填 who；选A。
14.答案：B
解析：根据题干，可知考查定语从句.先行词是book，指物，作宾语，故关系代词用that/which.故选:B.
15.答案：D
解析：which 指物的关系代词;who指人的关系代词;whose谁的;whom指人的关系代词.根据句子结构，原句是一个定语从句。先行词是woman，指人，在从句中作主语成分，可以用关系词who或that.故选:D。专题二十一 定语从句（综合测试）——中考英语一轮复习备考合集
分值：100分
一、单选题（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1.—Finding information is not a big deal today.
—Well, the ________ is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not.
A. exchange B. purpose C. challenge D. request
2.Although the way of thinking between the two generations is ______ different, the love between them is really true.
A. exactly B. completely C. peacefully D. correctly
3.—Have you ever heard that a famous pianist will give a concert this Sunday
—Yes. Luckily, I have ________ to get a ticket.
A. prevented B. managed C. expressed D. promised
4.Oh, I get it. You want me to do all the work ________ you sit at home doing nothing.
A. since B. until C. while D. or
5.They didn’t notice me come in because they ________ computer games.
A. play B. are playing C. were playing D. have played
6.—Hi, I met your friend John in Starbucks this morning.
—It ________ be true. He has gone to Shanghai for a math competition.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t
7.I didn’t know which dress was ________, so I took both of them.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful
C. the most beautiful D. less expensive
8.—What happened to Jenny She looks unhappy.
—She wanted to play a joke on her desk mate, but finally she ________.
A. is fooled B. has been fooled C. will be fooled D. was fooled
9.—May I come in I’m sorry I’m late.
—Come in, please. But could you tell me ________
A. how do you come to school B. what were you doing
C. whom you came with D. why you are late
10.Could you please tell me ________ to Mr. Ma last Sunday
A. what was happened B. what did it happen
C. what happened D. what it happened
11.The government suggests people _____ the Spring Festival at their working place this year.
A.to spend B. spend C. spending D. will spend
12.—When shall we get there
— You are supposed ________ there before 7 o’clock.
A. getting B. get C. to get D. gets
13.As we know, a person learns many things by making mistakes and_________ them.
A. creating B. behaving C. connecting D. correcting
14.— Tom is always careless with his homework. Can you help him
— No problem. I think he ________ to think twice before starting.
A. should be told B. can tell C. should tell D. can be telling
15.By now, tons of robots ______ to help the farmers with heavy work.
A.are produced B.were produced
C.will be produced D.have been produced
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
A long time ago, there lived a wise man named Zun-Nun in Egypt. A young man came to visit him and asked, “Teacher, why do you dress so 16 Nowadays, it is necessary to dress well, isn’t it Or how will people know you are really a 17 and special man ”
The man smiled, took the ring from his 18 and said, “Young man, I will answer your question, but first do one thing for me. Took this ring to the market. Can you 19 this for one piece of gold ”
When he 20 Zun-Nun’s dirty ring, the young man thought to himself, “How will I sell it at that price ”
He took the 21 to the vegetable, meat and fish sellers and others in the market. But nobody 22 to pay a piece of gold.
He told this to Zun-Nun, and Zun-Nun said, “Now go to the 23 shop and show the ring to the owner. Don’t give a price, just listen to how much he will pay.”
One hour later, the young man was back. “Teacher, people at the market really didn’t 24 the value of this ring. The gold trader offered me 1,000 chips of gold.”
Zun-Nun smiled. “That is the answer to your questions, my friend. We can’t 25 someone only from his dress. That ring was a gift from the king,” he said.
16.A. beautifully B. carefully C. simply D. quickly
17.A. common B. helpful C. strange D. wise
18.A. body B. finger C. head D. leg
19.A. sell B. make C. borrow D. hide
20.A. looked at B. laughed at C. picked up D. threw away
21.A. man B. dress C. ring D. gold
22.A. offered B. promised C. refused D. prepared
23.A. clothes B. gold C. food D. book
24.A. mind B. need C. know D. want
25.A. judge B. recognize C. choose D. change
三、阅读理解（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Self-esteem (自尊) is the way we think about ourselves and the value we place on ourselves. But getting self-esteem can take plenty of effort for some people who have bad past experiences. So, how do you improve your self-esteem
Learn to accept yourself
Whether you’re young or old, accepting yourself is the first step towards improving self-esteem. You should understand that each of us is made imperfect. It’s natural to feel bad about ourselves sometimes, but you should know that there are many things you can do to love yourself. You can start by listing all the good things about yourself.
Exercise and get a new hobby
Daily exercise can help you improve your immune system (免疫系统), keep fit, and increase your self-esteem and happiness. We may feel bored if we don’t have enough physical activity and exciting events. You can stop self-doubt by turning it into a newfound hobby such as painting, swimming or planting your favorite plants.
Take care of yourself
If you’re under pressure or feel unhappy, you can get a new haircut, or spend a wonderful vacation to bring back your inner drive. Eating healthy food and taking enough rest and sleep are also very important to regaining self-esteem.
Help other people
A great way to feel good about yourself is to help other people. Through volunteer work, you can help people and may find yourself actually lucky enough.
Ask for help
Low self-esteem can be a big problem when everything seems not to work for you. So, as much as possible, ask for help from experts.
Don’t forget to take reasonable action, and don’t be shy to ask for help. In a word, you’ll improve self-esteem with proper ways.
26.Which is the first step to improve self-esteem
A. To accept yourself. B. To help other people.
C. To ask for help from experts. D. To do more exercise every day.
27.How can you stop self-doubt
A. By doing volunteer work.
B. By getting a new haircut.
C. By developing a new hobby.
D. By listing all the bad things about yourself.
28.Why is helping other people a way to improve your self-esteem
A. Because you may keep fit.
B. Because you may find your life not that bad.
C. Because you can take enough rest and sleep.
D. Because you can spend a wonderful vacation.
29.What does the underlined word “regaining” probably mean
A. Getting back. B. Taking away. C. Looking for. D. Thinking of.
30.What’s the best title of the passage
A. How to treat yourself. B. How to accept yourself.
C. How to take care of yourself. D. How to improve your self-esteem.
四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
ChatGPT is an AI system that can have a discussion with people and create written work. It can create material based on (基于) what is learned from digital books and online passages. Now, three high school students in Cyprus have developed a special robot. Why is this robot special That’s because it uses ChatGPT AI technology.
The robot is named AInstein. It is the size of a small adult, and it can also answer questions like humans. AInstein has a screen for a face that appears to show facial expressions. It speaks a North American form of English. And it can tell jokes, like “Why was the math book sad Because it had too many problems.” The robot enjoys reading science books. It also enjoys spending time playing the violin.
What is the purpose of inventing robots The creators of AInstein want to use technology to improve learning experiences in the classroom. In fact, there might be a place for robots in education. British education expert Anthony Seldon even predicts that robots will get control of the classroom in 2027 and teachers will work as their helpers.
One thing is certain, though. A robot teacher is better than no teachers at all. In some parts of the world, there aren’t enough teachers, and 9-10 percent of children under the age of 14 don’t go to school. That is a real problem. Some local governments don’t know how to deal with this problem. However, that problem can be partly solved by robots. Robots can teach anywhere and don’t get stressed or tired. They will never move somewhere for an easier, high-paid job.
31.Who developed the robot AInstein
32.Why is the robot AInstein special
33.What does the robot AInstein like doing
34.What is the creators’ purpose of inventing the robot AInstein
35.Why can robots help deal with the problem of not enough teachers (至少回答出两点)
五、情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
(Jessica and Mr. Brown are talking on the phone. J=Jessica, B=Mr.Brown)
J: Hi! This is Jessica. That is the Friends of the Environment Office, isn’t it
B: 36.___________
J: Oh good. I’m doing a project at school about the environment and my teacher says this will be a good place to get some information.
B: Well, I’d be glad to help you. 37.___________
J: Well, I have no idea. That’s kind of why I'm here, actually.
B: 38.___________ Do you know much about the greenhouse effect
J: Yeah, but I think a lot of people are already doing the research on it.
B: 39.___________
J: Good idea! I’ve heard that water pollution is a serious problem. Do you have any information about it
B: Yes. 40.___________
J: Thanks a lot. I’ll read them first.
A. I agree. B. Yes, it is. C. How can I do that D. Well, it doesn’t matter. E. What do you want to know about F. I can provide you with some reports on water pollution. G. Then how about doing some research on water pollution
五、句子填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
41.We raise our _________ (nation) flag on the sports field every Monday morning.
42.Mrs. Li spends 20 minutes _________ (prepare) breakfast for her son every morning.
43.December is the _________ (twelve) month of a year, and then a new year comes.
44.Lily likes that white dress best of the three. It's _________ (real) beautiful.
45.Mr Green succeeded in the end, and his success made us _________ (excite).
六、翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
46.许多语言,譬如法语和意大利语,都有相似的词。
There is a similar word in many languages, _____ _____ in French and Italian.
47.华南虎正处于极大的危险之中,我们应该尽力拯救它们。
The South China tigers are _____ _____ _____, and we should try to save them.
48.我父母一点也不喜欢流行音乐。他们喜欢乡村音乐。
My parents don't like pop music _____ _____. They like country music.
49.我想当志愿者,帮助他们照顾老人。
I want to be a volunteer and help them to _____ _____ old people.
50.那里很冷,所以它们经常挤在一起。
It’s very cold over there, _____ they often _____ _____ _____.
七、书面表达（共1小题；满分25分）
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Bruce将要去一位中国留学生家中用餐，发电子邮件向你咨询有关礼物和餐桌礼仪的问题，请根据邮件内容，给Bruce回一封电子邮件。
Dear Li Hua, I am going to visit a Chinese family for dinner, but I feel nervous. Can you tell me what gift I need to prepare. How should I behave at his house Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Bruce
要求：
1. 短文须包括包含邮件中的两个问题，可适当发挥。
2. 文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
3. 词数80个左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）
Hi Bruce,
I am glad to hear that you are visiting a Chinese family. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in a Chinese family. _____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、单选题
1.答案：C
解析：根据how we can tell whether the information is useful or not可知怎样辨别这些信息是否有用才是挑战，所以要用"挑战"一词对应，故选: C.
2.答案：B
解析：根据"Although the way of thinking between the two generations is..."以及"the love between them is really true."可知，此句为让步状语从句，意为尽管两代人的思维方式完全不同，但他们之间的爱是真实的。故选: C。
3.答案：B
解析：根据"Luckily，I have...to get a ticket"可知是设法得到了著名钢琴家举办的音乐会的票。故选: B。
4.答案：C
解析：根据句意可知，前后句之间表达的是转折关系，所以用while来连接。故选: C。
5.答案：C
解析：句意为:他们没有注意到我进来,因为他们正在玩电脑游戏。根据句意可知，此处表达“正在玩”的意思,结合前面的didn't notice可知本句时态为过去进行时，故选C项。
6.答案：C
解析：根据He has gone to Shanghai for a math competition."他去上海参加数学竞赛了。"可知，在星巴克遇见了约翰"不可能"是真的。表示否定推测用can't。故选:C。
7.答案：B
解析：句意:我不知道哪条连衣裙更漂亮,所以两条都买了。根据题干中的"both"可知,此处应用比较级;结合句意可排除D项。故选 B。
8.答案：D
解析：考查时态和语态。句意为:珍妮怎么了 她看起来不开心。她想和她的同桌开个玩笑,但最后她被愚弄了。she与谓语动词fool之间是被动关系,故设空处应该用被动语态;又根据语境,应该用一般过去时。故选D。
9.答案：D
解析：A你怎么来学校的。B你在做什么。C你和谁一起来的。D你为什么迟到。宾语从句用陈述语序，所以AB不对。根据句意，C放在句中不合乎逻辑关系。故选: D。
10.答案：C
解析：根据所给单词，可知本句是含有宾语从句的复合句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，B是疑问语序，故排除B; happen to sb.某人发生了……，是固定短语，某人即作happen的逻辑主语，所以宾语从句的主语是it，故排除D;A项句子结构错误，故选C。
11.答案：B
解析：句意:政府建议今年人们在自己的工作的地方过春节。考查虚拟语气。suggests后是宾语从句,表达建议某人做某事,从句的动词用“should+do”的结构。should可省去。表达“度过”用动词原形spend。故选B。
12.答案：C
解析：考查固定搭配。句意:我们什么时候到那里 你应该在7点以前到那里。be supposed to是固定搭配，意为"应该"。故答案为:C。
13.答案：D
解析：考查动名词。根据by making mistakes and ______them，这里and前后动词的形式应该是一致的，这里放在by后面用动名词形式。故选D。
14.答案：A
解析：考查含情态动词的被动语态。主语he是动作tell的承受者，应是被告知，故用被动语态，结合选项可知，含情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+done。故选:A。
15.答案：D
解析：A. are produced生产，一般现在时的被动语态;B. were produced一般过去时的被动语态;C. will be produced一般将来时的被动语态;D.have been produced现在完成时态的被动语态;主语"tons of robots"(很多机器人)和谓语"produce"(生产)之间是被动关系，根据"by now"(到目前为止)提示应使用现在完成时的被动语态"have been produced"。故选: D。
二、完形填空
16.答案：C
解析：考查副词。句意:老师，你为什么穿得这么朴素 beautifully漂亮地;carefully仔细地;simply简朴地;quickly快地。根据下文Nowadays，it is necessary to dress well, isn't it (现在，穿得好是必要的，不是吗 )可知，此处应该表示对方穿得朴素。故选C。
17.答案：D
解析：考查形容词。句意:否则人们怎么知道你是一个智者或是一个特别的人呢 common普通的;helpful有帮助的;strange奇怪的;wise聪明的。根据上文A long time ago,there lived a wise man(很久以前，有个智者)可知，此处为同词复现，应该表示否则人们怎么知道他是一个智者。故选D。
18.答案：B
解析：考查名词。句意:这个男的微笑着从手指上摘下戒指，说:"年轻人，我会回答你的问题，但你必须先为我做一件事。把这个戒指拿到市场上。你能以一块金子的价格卖掉它吗 "body身体;finger手指;head头;leg腿。根据took the ring(摘下戒指)可知，此处应该表示他从手指上摘下戒指。故选B。
19.答案：A
解析：考查动词。句意:这个男的微笑着从手指上摘下戒指，说:“年轻人，我会回答你的问题，但你必须先为我做一件事。把这个戒指拿到市场上。你能以一块金子的价格卖掉它吗 "sell卖;make制作;borrow借;hide藏。根据Took this ring to the market.(把这个戒指拿到市场上。)可知，此处应该表示卖掉戒指。故选A。
20.答案：A
解析：考查动词短语。句意:当他看着Zun-Nun的脏戒指时，心里想道:"我怎么以那个价格卖掉它 "looked at看; laughed at嘲笑;picked up拿起;threw away扔掉。根据the young man thought to himself, "How will I sell it at that price "(心里想道:"我怎么以那个价格卖掉它 ")可知，此处应该表示他看着Zun-Nun的脏戒指。故选A。
21.答案：C
解析：考查名词。句意:他把戒指给蔬菜商、肉商和鱼商以及市场上的其他商户。man男人;dress连衣裙;ring戒指;gold金子。根据上文Took this ring to the market.(把这个戒指拿到市场上。)可知，此处为同词复现。故选C。
22.答案：A
解析：考查动词。句意:但是没人愿意提供一块金子的价格购买。offered提供;promised承诺;refused拒绝;prepared准备。根据上文How will I sell it at that price (我怎么以那个价格卖掉它 )可知，此处应该表示没人愿意提供一块金子的价格购买。故选A。
23.答案：B
解析：考查名词。句意:现在去金店，把这个戒指给店主看。clothes衣服;gold金子;food食物;book书。根据下文The gold trader offered me 1,000 chips of gold.(金店老板给我1000块金子。)可知，此处应该表示把戒指拿到金店。故选B。
24.答案：C
解析：考查动词。句意:老师，市场上的人真的不知道这个戒指的价值。mind介意;need需要;know知道;want想要。根据上文But nobody offered to pay a piece of gold.(但是没人愿意提供一块金子的价格购买。)和下文The gold trader offered me 1，000 chips of gold.(金店老板给我1000块金子。)可知，此处应该表示市场上的人真的不知道这个戒指的价值。故选C。
25.答案：A
解析：考查动词。句意:我们不能只从一个人的衣着来评价他。judge评价;recognize意识到;choose选择;change改变。根据only from his dress(只从他的衣着)可知，此处应该表示不能只从一个人的衣着来评价他。故选A。
三、阅读理解
26.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"Whether you're young or old，accepting yourself is the first step towards improving self-esteem."(无论你是年轻人还是老年人，接受自己是提高自尊的第一步。)可知，接受自己是提高自尊的第一步。故选A。
27.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"You can stop self-doubt by turning it into a newfound hobby such as painting, swimming or planting your favorite plants."(你可以停止自我怀疑，把它变成一种新的爱好，比如画画、游泳或种植你最喜欢的植物。)可知，可以通过发展一个新爱好来停止自我怀疑。故选C。
28.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"Through volunteer work, you can help people and may find yourself actually lucky enough."(通过志愿者工作，你可以帮助别人，也许你会发现自己足够幸运。)可知，通过帮助别人能发现自己是幸运的。故选B。
29.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据倒数第四段"Eating healthy food and taking enough rest and sleep are also very important to regaining self-esteem."(吃健康的食物、充足的休息和睡眠对恢复自尊也很重要。)可知，结合选项，应说通过吃健康的食物，足够的休息和睡眠来恢复自尊，可推知regaining是恢复的意思，故选A。
30.答案：D
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段"So，how do you improve your self-esteem "(那么，如何提高自尊呢 )可知，本文主要介绍了提高自尊的一系列方法。故选D。
四、任务型阅读
31.答案：Three high school students.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Now，three high school students in Cyprus have developed a special robot with their teachers.(现在，塞浦路斯的三名高中生和他们的老师一起开发了一种特殊的机器人。)“可知，塞浦路斯的三名高中生与他们的老师一起开发了Alnstein。故填Three high school students in Cyprus developed the robot Alnstein with their teachers.
32.答案：Because it uses ChatGPT AI technology.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Why is this robot special That's because it uses ChatGPT AI technology.(为什么这个机器人很特别 这是因为它使用了ChatGPT人工智能技术。)"可知，Alnstein很特别的原因是它使用ChatGPT AI技术。故填Because it uses ChatGPT AI technology.
33.答案：The robot AInstein likes reading science books and playing the violin.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"The robot enjoys reading science books.It also enjoys spending time playing the violin.(机器人喜欢阅读科学书籍。它也喜欢花时间拉小提琴。)"可知，Alnstein喜欢阅读科学书籍以及喜欢花时间拉小提琴。故填The robot Alnstein likes reading science books and playing the violin.
34.答案：To use technology to improve learning experiences in the classroom.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的"The creators of Alnstein want to use technology to improve learning experiences in the classroom.("爱因斯坦"的创造者希望利用科技来改善课堂上的学习体验。)"可知，他们的目的是利用技术改善课堂学习体验。故填The creators' purpose of inventing the robot Alnstein is to use technology to improve learning experiences in the classroom.
35.答案：Because they can teach anywhere and don’t get stressed or tired.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Robots can teach anywhere and don't get stressed or tired.They will never move somewhere for an easier，high-paid job.(机器人可以在任何地方教书，不会感到压力或疲劳。他们永远不会为了一份更轻松、收入更高的工作而搬到别的地方。)"可知，机器人可以帮助解决教师不足的问题，因为它们可以在任何地方教学，不会感到压力或疲惫，永远不会为了一份更轻松、高薪的工作而离职。故填Because they can teach anywhere and don't get stressed or tired.
四、情景交际
答案：BEDGF
解析：36. 根据问句That is the Friends of the Environment Office，isn't it (你是环境之友的办公室，不是吗 )可知，此处应该回答是或者不是。结合选项，Yes，it is.(是的。)符合情境。故选B。
37. 根据上文I'm doing a project at school about the environment and my teacher says this will be a good place to get some information.(我在学校做一个关于环境的项目，我的老师说这是一个获取信息的好地方。)和答语Well, I have no idea.(嗯，我不知道。)可知，此处应该询问对方想了解什么。结合选项，What do you want to know about (你想了解什么 )符合情境。故选E。
38. 根据上文Well，I have no idea. That's kind of why I'm here, actually.(嗯，我不知道。这就是我为什么在这里的原因。)可知，此处应该表示没关系。结合选项，Well, it doesn't matter.(嗯，没关系。)符合情境。故选D。
39. 根据答语Good idea! I've heard that water pollution is a serious problem.(好主意!我听说水污染是一个严重的问题。)可知，此处应该和水污染有关。结合选项，Then how about doing some research on water pollution (那么做一些关于水污染的研究怎么样 )符合情境。故选G。
40. 根据下文Thanks a lot. I'll read them first.(非常感谢。我先阅读它们。)可知，此处应该表示可以给对方提供可阅读的东西。结合选项，I can provide you with some reports on water pollution.(我可以给你提供一些关于水污染的报告。)符合情境。故选F。
五、句子填空
41.答案：national
解析：句意:我们每星期一早晨在运动场上升国旗。修饰名词“flag”，填形容词national“国家的”，作定语。故填national。
42.答案：preparing
解析：句意:李太太每天早上花20分钟为她儿子准备早餐。根据“Mrs. Li spends 20 minutes"可知，考查spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，因此填动名词。故填preparing。
43.答案：twelfth
解析：句意:十二月是一年的第十二个月，然后是新的一年。根据“December is the...month of a year”可知，此处应该说十二月是一年中的第十二个月，应该填序数词twelfth“第十二”，表顺序。故填twelfth。
44.答案：really
解析：此处用副词修饰形容词beautiful, real的副词形式really意为“非常”,符合语境。
45.答案：excited
解析：句意为:格林先生最终成功了,他的成功使我们感到兴奋。“make sb+adj."意为“使某人……”,此处修饰人,故填 excited。
六、翻译句子
46.答案：for example
47.答案：in great danger
48.答案：at all
49.答案：look/care after/for
50.答案：so; stand close together
七、书面表达
答案：
Hi Bruce,
I am glad to hear that you are visiting a Chinese family. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in a Chinese family.
Usually, when you visit a Chinese family, you can bring a small gift to the host. The gift shows your politeness and it can be flowers, a bottle of wine or a box of chocolate, even some fruits.
When you come to a Chinese house, you can say hello to the host, including his family members. If the host asks you to have a seat or drink a cup of tea, you should say thanks to him. If the host invites you to have a meal together, remember not to eat before the elders. During the meal, you can praise the food which the host cooked. If you like the food, you can eat more but don’t eat too much.
After the meal, you should say thanks again for being treated.
Yours,
Li Hua专题二十一 定语从句（拔高训练）——中考英语一轮复习备考合集
1.I still remember the place and the people _____I visited in Columbia several years ago
A. what B. who C. that D. which
2.—Do you know the woman _________ is standing outside the classroom
—Yes, She is Tom’s mother, my neighbor.
A. whom B. which C. whose D. who
3.Hulunbuir is an attractive city ___________ you will never want to leave.
A. that B. where C. whose D. who
4.—What can we do for the left-home children in the village ______ need help.
—We could help them with their study online on weekends.
A. which B. who C. whose
5.Mr Wu is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable.
A. which B. when C. what D. who
6.Lily likes museums ________ can provide visitors with free Wi-Fi.
A. that B. who C. what D. when
7.The National Anti-Fraud (反诈) Center is an app ________ helps prevent us being cheated.
A. what B. that C. who
8.Dr. Zhong Nanshan is a pioneer __________ has made a lot of contributions (贡献) in the field of medical science.
A. which B. whose C. who D. what
9.The “Share-go” cars ________ use electricity (电) not only look cute but also are environmentally-friendly (环境友好的).
A. whose B. what C. which D. who
10.In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one ______ is well worth reading.
A. who B. that C. whom D. what
11.Not all children____ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.
A. whom B. which C. that D. whose
12.When I have difficulty in learning English, my teacher Miss Chen always gives me some advice ________ can be useful.
A. that B. what C. who D. whose
13.The girl ________ is reading under the tree ________ my sister.
A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was
14.We should never fail to be thankful to the people ________ helped and supported us.
A. who B. whom C. whose
15.My parents take pride in everything good ________ I do.
A. which B. who C. that D. what
答案以及解析
1.答案：C
解析：句意:我仍然记得多年前在哥伦比亚拜访的地方和人。考査定语从句。what不能作定语从句的关系词;who关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that关系代词,先行词指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;句中的先行词是“the place and the people”,既有物又有人,所以关系代词只能用that。故选C。
2.答案：D
解析：which 指物的关系代词;who指人的关系代词;whose谁的;whom指人的关系代词.根据句子结构，原句是一个定语从句。先行词是woman，指人，在从句中作主语成分，可以用关系词who或that.故选:D。
3.答案：A
解析：根据分析句子与语境，可知本题考查定语从句中关系词辨析。关系代词that指代的先行词可以是人，也可以是物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语;关系副词where指代的先行词是表示地点的名词，在定语从句中作地点状语;关系代词who指代的先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语。本题中city是先行词，句中"...you will never want to leave(你永远不想离开)"是定语从句，本空所填的关系词在定语从句中作宾语，指代事物。故选A。
4.答案：B
解析：which哪个,先行词通常是事物; who谁，先行词是人; whom谁,先行词是人,作宾语。先行词left-home children"留守儿童"，且作主语，用who引导.定语从句。故选:B。
5.答案：D
解析：考查定语从句；先行词为“a teacher”，为人，故引导词用“who”，选D。A项引导词为物，B项引导词为时间，C项引导词用来指代句子。
6.答案：A
解析：在定语从句中，who指人，作主语; when指时间，作状语; that可以指人也可以指物，作主语或宾语。根据题干，可知先行词是museums,指物，作主语，关系代词用that/which。故选: A。
7.答案：B
解析：考查定语从句。what什么， 不引导定语从句; that当定语从句的先行词是人或物时; who当先行词是人时使用。根据先行词是“an app”，所以是that。 故选B。
8.答案：C
解析：句意：钟南山博士是一位先驱，他在医学领域做出了很多贡献。考查定语从句引导词。根据“Dr. Zhong Nanshan is a pioneer … has made a lot of contributions (贡献) in the field of medical science.”可知，空处应为定语从句引导词，且定语从句修饰先行词pioneer“先驱”，指人，定语从句中缺主语，因此应用who引导定语从句。故选C。
9.答案：C
解析：句意：使用电力的“共享”汽车不仅看起来可爱，而且环保。考查定语从句。whose，先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语；what不能引导定语从句；which先行词是物，在从句中作主语和宾语；who先行词是人，在从句中作主语和宾语。根据句子结构可知，先行词是cars，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词which来引导。故选C。
10.答案：B
解析：根据句意和结构可知这句话使用定语从句，先行词是the only one(book)，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，用that引l导定语从句。
11.答案：C
解析：根据句意:并不是所有的孩子看这个视频的孩子都会成为科学家，但是有些人可能会对科学感兴趣。考查定语从句的关系代词，定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作主语，且先行词为人，故定语从句引导词用who.故选: C.
12.答案：A
解析：考查定语从句，先行词advice，建议，指物，从句缺主语，所以可用that或which。A.正确;B.不引导定语从句;C.只能指人，做主语或宾语;D.先行词只能是物，老师给的“建议”应当是有用的，所以正确答案选A。
13.答案：C
解析：考查定语从句辨析。考查定语从句的引导词，因其先行词是the girl在从句中做主语，故用引导词who。主句谓语的时态从前面的定语从句可以判断这里应该用一般现在时。句意:坐在树下读书的女孩是我的姐姐。故选C。
14.答案：A
解析：此处考查的是定语从句的关系代词。A项，who 先行词为人，在句中充当"主语/宾语";B项，whom先行词为人，在句中充当宾语;C项，whose先行词为人或物，词性为形容词，在句中充当宾语。句子有两个wether，此处的whom错误;先行词是people，表示"人们"，空格在宾语从句中充当主语。故选A。
15.答案：C
解析：此句是定语从句，everything作为先行词，关系词用that，故答案为C。A项、B项均用于指代人;D项what不能作为关系词引导定语从句。A选项“which”引导定语从句时，指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语;B选项“who”引导定语从句时，指人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语;C选项“that”引导定语从句时，指人或物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语;D选项“what”不能引导定语从句。本题中先行词是“everything”，在定语从句中作宾语，因此关系词只能用“that”。所以本题选择C选项。
