Unit 1 What’s the Matter？单元同步分级阅读12篇（含答案解析）-2025年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 1 What’s the Matter？单元同步分级阅读12篇
2025人教版英语八年级下册
简介：
本套分级阅读材料专为人教版英语八年级上册第一单元“What’s the Matter？”量身定制，旨在助力学生巩固单元知识，拓展阅读视野，提升综合语言素养。全书共收录12篇文章，涵盖故事、科普、情景对话等多种文体，围绕身体不适、疾病预防、就医问诊等话题展开，难度分级分明，循序渐进引导学生深入阅读。
每篇文章紧扣单元核心词汇与句型，通过丰富语境强化记忆，同时融入中西方文化对比，拓宽学生文化视野。多样化的阅读任务设置，着重培养学生的细节理解、主旨把握、推理判断等思维能力，使其在阅读中提升语言运用与思维品质，为英语学习注入新动力。
一、阅读理解
Did you remember some unforgettable things that happened around you Have you ever seen a fire What will you do if there is a fire Will you shout for help Or will you just stay there but do nothing Many people are too afraid to do something when there is a fire. But in fact, this is wrong.
Last Sunday evening my parents went out for a walk with my sister. But I studied alone at home because I would have an English test. Suddenly, I saw bright light in my neighbor’s kitchen. I thought he was cooking so I went on studying.
Soon, there was a terrible smell in the air and I thought something was wrong. I went out and saw fire coming out of my neighbor’s kitchen. So I shouted “Fire! Fire!” But no one heard or came out.
I ran quickly into my house to call 119, and then I rang my neighbor’s doorbell, knocked at the door, but there was no response. I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom. I woke him up and we rushed out of the house together.
We tried our best to pour water through the kitchen window, but the fire was too heavy. Luckily, the firemen came and put out the fire quickly. When my parents came back, they found I was dirty and tired. After my neighbor told them the whole story, they were happy and said I was a brave boy.
1．The writer didn’t go out for a walk with his parents because ________.
A．his parents only liked his sister B．he would have an English class
C．he had to study for an English test D．there was a fire in his neighbor’s kitchen
2．The underlined word “response” can be replaced by ________.
A．result B．answer C．question D．key
3．________ put out the fire at last.
A．The writer B．The writer’s parents C．The writer’s neighbor D．The firemen
4．According to passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．The writer’s neighbor was sleeping when the fire started.
B．No one helped the writer’s neighbor put out the fire.
C．The fire happened last Friday evening.
D．The writer’s parents were angry when they knew what had happened.
5．The passage mainly tells ________.
A．how to put out a fire B．my neighbor was a brave man
C．I saved my neighbor from the fire D．I studied for a test at home
It was very cold. It snowed heavily and blew very strongly. It was not a good night to go out. But David had to walk home from work at 21: 00. “I can be warmer,” he thought, “I wear my coat backwards (反方向地).” He took off his coat and put it on backwards. “That is much better.” He thought and walked on. About ten minutes later a car hit him. The driver stopped his car and got out of it. He ran to help David.
Soon a police car arrived. The policeman ran to look at David. “I’m afraid he is dead (死的).” The policeman told the driver.
The driver could not believe it. “He can’t be dead.” he cried, “I didn’t touch him. Look at my car. There is not a mark (痕迹) on it.” “He is dead.” The policeman said again. “I don’t understand it.” The driver said, “As soon as I hit him, I ran to help him. He was lying on the road, but he was breathing and there was no blood (血).” “Did you touch him ” the policeman asked. “Yes,” the driver said, “but I only turned his head around the right way.”
6．What was the weather like that day
A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Snowy. D．Cloudy.
7．How did David go home that night
A．On foot. B．By bus. C．By car. D．By bike.
8．When did the car hit David
A．At 20: 00. B．At 20: 10. C．At 21: 00. D．At 21: 10.
9．The policeman thought David was ________.
A．interested B．dead C．afraid D．funny
10．Who turned David’s head around the right way
A．The policeman. B．The doctor. C．The driver. D．The nurse.
阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
News OneOn December 8, 2019, a fire broke out at a factory building in Anaj Mandi area of Delhi, India. At least 43 workers died while they were sleeping and more than 50 got hurt.
News TwoIn November 2019, fires spread (蔓延) across Lake Innes Nature Reserve, once home to koalas (树袋熊). About 600 koalas died while they were running away from the fires. As a result, koalas in New South Wales, Australia may die out by 2050.
News ThreeAt about 6 p.m. on March 30, 2019, a forest fire broke out in Liangshan, Sichuan, 27 firemen (消防员) and 4 helpers were killed in this forest fire. Thanks to these great men, the fire was fully controlled.
News FourAt about 7 p.m. on April 15, 2019, Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris caught fire. The fire spread quickly in an hour. At about 10 a.m. on April 16, 2019, the fire was put out. The building was well protected during the World War Ⅱ (二战), but it was destroyed (破坏) in time of peace.
11．Of the four fires, ________ broke out earliest.
A．the fire in Delhi, India
B．the Liangshan forest fire
C．the Notre Dame Cathedral fire
12．How many people died in the Liangshan forest fire
A．600 B．43 C．31
13．The Notre Dame Cathedral fire lasted for about ________ hours.
A．27 B．15 C．10
14．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The Liangshan forest fire broke out in summer.
B．Koalas in New South Wales will die out by 2050.
C．The factory in Delhi, India caught fire at night.
15．The four pieces of news are mainly about ________.
A．fires in 2019 B．what caused fires C．what happened after fires
Sick while in motion
As the weather gets warmer, there are few things that are better to do than travel. But traveling might not be that fun for everyone, especially for those who have motion sickness.
Motion sickness is also called travel sickness. It is a common experience for many people. Depending on how you travel, it can be called carsickness or seasickness. People with motion sickness feel very uncomfortable while they are in motion. They feel sick and dizzy, like the room around them won’t stop spinning.
It is generally believed that motion sickness happens when your senses become confused with each other, Scientific American reported.
We use different parts of our body to sense movement. Our eyes tell us if we are moving. The inner ears contain a special liquid that helps us sense our direction and balance. Our muscles react to movement.
When you move around, these body parts work well together. But when you are in a car or an airplane, they get confused. Your inner ear signals that you’re moving, but your eyes say you’re sitting still because you can’t see that you’re moving. This mismatch gives us motion sickness.
But some people are less sensitive to motion sickness. This may be because they have certain genes that prevent mismatching senses, Bethann Hromatka, a genetics expert from the US, told the Atlantic.
Although there are many ways to deal with motion sickness, scientists believe that the key is to simply try to adapt to it. For example, some astronauts do special exercises that give them mild motion sickness. After a week or two, the astronauts become used to it and don’t feel uncomfortable anymore, Sam Puma, a NASA flight doctor, told the BBC．
16．People with motion sickness feel very uncomfortable while they are ________.
A．sleeping B．driving C．in motion D．in bed
17．According to paragraph 3, if your senses become confused with each other, ________.
A．you may have cold B．you may have motion sickness
C．you cannot drive D．you should sleep
18．The special liquid in the inner ears can sense________.
A．movement and sickness B．direction and balance
C．movement and balance D．direction and movement
19．Bethann Hromatka thinks that________may prevent mismatching senses.
A．certain genes B．the speed of car C．motion D．travelling
20．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To introduce motion sickness. B．To introduce sickness.
C．To introduce gene. D．To introduce the parts of body.
Tina Smith is a 911 operator(接线员). She takes calls and sends help to those in need. She got four calls this morning.
Name: Susan WendleTelephone: 780-374-596Age: 36Place: Next to the River Ouse in Norfolk. I can see the town of King’s Lynn on the other side of the river. I’m in Ferry Road with my son. Problem: My son fell in the river and cannot get out. He is holding on to a boat. He is very cold and tired. I tried to go in to help but I don’t swim very well. Name: Brian Morton Telephone: 781-293-745Age: 48Place: Crossing 4 of the M25 near the village of Shoreham with my friend.Problem: I drove off the road and hit a tree after trying not to run over a dog. I broke my leg. My friend’s head is bleeding.
Name: Andrea Shelly Telephone: 781-003-578Age: 78Place: At home by myself in the hall. 27 Mycroft Street. Problem: I fell down the stairs(楼梯) and can’t move my legs. Name: Steven Carter Telephone: 784-384-924 Age: 33Place: At home by myself and I’m upstairs. 18 Sunderland Avenue. Problem: My house is on fire. I can’t get out.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
21．Who is in the river
A．Susan Wendle. B．Brian Morton. C．Brian Morton’s friend. D．Susan Wendle’s son.
22．How many people got hurt in the car accident
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
23．Who is the oldest of the four people
A．Brian Morton. B．Andrea Shelly. C．Steven Carter. D．Susan Wendle.
24．What’s the matter with Steven Carter
A．He lost his dog. B．He broke his leg.
C．His head is bleeding. D．His house is on fire.
25．What can we know from the text
A．Steven Carter swims well. B．Andrea Shelly fell down the stairs.
C．Susan Wendle once worked in a hospital. D．Brian Morton is in Ferry Road with his son.
Last Sunday evening, my parents went out for a walk with my sister. But I studied alone at home because I would have an English test. Suddenly, I saw bright light in my neighbor’s kitchen. I thought he was cooking, so I went on studying.
Soon, there was a terrible smell in the air and I thought something was wrong. I went out and saw fire coming out of my neighbor’s kitchen. So I shouted “Fire! Fire!” But no one heard or came out.
I ran quickly to my house to call 119, and then I rang my neighbor’s doorbell, knocked at the door, but there was no response. I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom. I woke him up and we rushed out of the house together.
We tried our best to pour water through the kitchen window, but the fire was too heavy. Luckily, the firemen came and put out the fire quickly. When my parents came back, they found I was dirty and tired. After my neighbor told them the whole story, they were happy and said I was a brave boy.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
26．The underlined word “response” can be replaced（代替）by “________”.
A．result B．answer C．question D．key
27．Why didn’t the writer go out for a walk with his parents
A．Because he thought it was boring. B．Because he would have an English class.
C．Because he had to study for an English test. D．Because there was a fire in his neighbor’s kitchen.
28．Who put out the fire at last
A．The writer. B．The writer’s parents. C．The writer’s neighbor. D．The firemen.
29．According to the text, which of the following is TRUE
A．The writer’s neighbor was sleeping when the fire started.
B．No one helped the writer’s neighbor put out the fire.
C．The fire happened last Friday evening.
D．The writer’s parents were angry when they knew what had happened.
30．What’s the text mainly about
A．How to put out a fire. B．How to prepare a meal.
C．How the writer saved his neighbor. D．How brave the firemen were.
A taxi hit a truck. A policeman spoke to the truck driver and the taxi driver. He also spoke to Tom. He was a witness. This is what they said.
TRUCKDRIVER I was driving from the airport to Newton. A car crossed the road, so I slowed down. I did not stop. A taxi hit the back of my truck. Nobody was seriously hurt but both my truck and his taxi were damaged (受损害).
TAXI DRIVER I was driving behind a truck a few kilometers to Newton. The truck stopped suddenly. The driver did not give me a warning. I was driving very slowly. My taxi hit the truck, and some glass cut my left hand.
Tom I was watching the traffic about a kilometer from the airport. A truck was going to Newton. It was not going very quickly. There was a taxi about two hundred meters behind the truck. It was going fast. When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it. The taxi driver was not looking at the truck. He was looking out of the window at something else. My friend saw the accident, too. Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
31．How many people are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Two. C．Four. D．Five
32．The truck was hit on the way ________.
A．to the airport B．to the police station C．to Newton D．home
33．From the story, we can infer (推断) that ________ didn’t tell the truth.
A．the truck driver B．Tom C．Tom’s friend D．the taxi driver
34．The underlined word “witness” means “ ________ ” in Chinese.
A．记录员 B．目击者 C．检查员 D．陪审团
35．What’s the best title for this passage
A．A Traffic Accident B．A Taxi Driver
C．A Story of Tom D．A Truck Driver
Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner is a great mountain climber. She has climbed 14 of the world’s highest mountains. Most climbers need extra oxygen (额外的氧气) to reach the top of these mountains. However, Kaltenbrunner is the first woman to climb all 14 mountains without extra oxygen.
Kaltenbrunner started climbing when she was growing up in the mountains of Austria. At 13 years old, she climbed her first big mountain, Sturzhahn. She became a nurse, but always had a passion for climbing. 32-year-old Kaltenbrunner climbed her fourth big mountain, Nanga Parbat in Pakistan, and later became a full-time (全职的) mountain climber.
In 2007, Kaltenbrunner had an accident (事故) when climbing Dhaulagiri in Nepal. She was inside her tent when an avalanche struck (雪崩发生). When it stopped, it was very dark and she didn’t know where she was. She cut a hole in her tent with a small knife. Slowly, Kaltenbrunner got out of the snow.
After the accident, Kaltenbrunner said, “I couldn’t stop climbing. This is my life.” She climbed the 14th mountain, K2 between Pakistan and China. Facing many problems, Kaltenbrunner still never thought of giving up. “If you really love something, you’ll find a way to do it,” she said.
36．Who is Kaltenbrunner
A．The first woman to climb the most mountains.
B．The first woman to climb the world’s highest mountain.
C．The first woman to give up a job to be a full-time mountain climber.
D．The first woman to use no extra oxygen to climb 14 of the world’s highest mountains.
37．What does the underlined word “passion” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Love. B．Surprise. C．Place. D．Question.
38．What do we know about the accident in 2007
A．It happened at night.
B．It happened in Pakistan.
C．Kaltenbrunner hurt her legs in it.
D．Kaltenbrunner saved herself from it.
39．Which mountain did Kaltenbrunner climb after her climbing accident
A．K2. B．Sturzhahn. C．Dhaulagiri. D．Nanga Parbat.
40．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Kaltenbrunner’s climbing accident.
B．Why Kaltenbrunner loves climbing.
C．Kaltenbrunner’s climbing experiences.
D．How Kaltenbrunner became a great climber.
“Thanks to Xia Juan, or I will die,” Mr Wang said to the reporter (记者). “The girl saved my family and me. What a kind and brave girl!”
This story happened in 2020, but people in Nanchang will always remember that day. At 0:30 am, Xia Juan woke up suddenly (忽然地) because she knew the mid-term exam (期中考试) was coming the next day. She forgot to go over her lessons. She was reading her textbook when she smelt something bad and saw some smoke (烟) in her house. She felt surprised and found out what happened. Something was burning (燃烧的) in the kitchen of their neighbour’s house, and the fire was becoming bigger and bigger. She rushed into her grandparents’ bedroom to wake them up. They ran out of the house without getting anything.
She felt very frightened (害怕的) but she knew she had to help the Wangs. They are always nice to her. She rushed to their house and shouted loudly, “Wake up! Wake up! Fire! Fire!” She made very loud noise. Finally, she woke up the Wang family and helped them run out of their house. Two of them got hurt (受伤). The other three heard the noise and then helped to send them to the hospital. Thanks to this brave girl, nobody died.
41．When did the story happen
A．A year ago. B．Two years ago.
C．Four years ago. D．Four months ago.
42．Why did Xia Juan wake up at 0:30 am that day
A．Because her grandparents woke her up.
B．Because it rained heavily and woke her up.
C．Because she was hungry and wanted to eat some food.
D．Because she wanted to go over her lessons for the mid-term exam.
43．What did Xia Juan take with her when she left the house in a hurry
A．Her textbooks. B．Nothing.
C．Some clothes. D．Some money.
44．What were the Wang family doing when Xia Juan rushed to their house
A．They were cooking.
B．They were sleeping.
C．They were having a party.
D．They were doing some cleaning.
45．How many people died in the fire
A．Two. B．Three. C．Five. D．No one.
Thirty-one Chinese firefighters and local officials have died while trying to bring a huge forest fire under control.
The fire broke out in the mountains of Liangshan, Sichuan. It started on the afternoon of March 30. Five helicopters(直升机) and nearly 700 people were sent to the forest to control the fire.
Suddenly, the winds changed unexpectedly and caused the deaths. A huge fireball was formed because of the winds. The 31 firefighters and officials were caught up in the fireball. The death number has been the largest for firefighters in China since 2015.
▲ Their average （平均）age was only 23. One of them was 20-year -old Jiang Feifei. In his last Wechat post, he said, “I am on the way to fight a fire again. Please give me some encouragement.” Those words have touched the hearts of many people. They were spread on Sina Weibo and have receives nearly 300,000 comments(评论).
The 31 firefighters and officials have been honored as martyrs. China’s Ministry of Emergency Management(应急管理部) has changed its website into black and white to show sadness for them. In Liangshan, tens of thousands of people lined the streets to pay their respect to the victims(遇难者). Some of them even put white scarves and heart- shaped candles on the road.
Because of dry weather and rising temperatures, forest fire are very common in China in spring. In Sichuan alone, there have been 59 fires this year. On April 1, Chinese government presented(发布) the first red warning for forest fires this year.
46．What’s the main cause of three firefighters and local officials’ deaths
A．The sudden change of winds B．Dry weather and high temperatures.
C．The huge forest fire since 2015. D．Too many people were sent to the forest.
47．Which of the following sentences is the best to be put in ▲
A．The fire caused many deaths. B．Many people liked posting on Sina Weibo.
C．It’s great danger to the firefighters. D．The victims were all young.
48．What can we know from Paragraph 4
A．The youngest victim was only 23 years old. B．It’s the second time for Jiang Feifei to put out a fire.
C．Jiang Feifei’s post on Wechat has been a hot point. D．Jiang’s words made many people have heart diseases.
49．What does the underlined word “martyrs” mean in Paragraph 5
A．先驱 B．烈士 C．战士 D．将军
50．Why did the government present the red warning for the forest fires
A．Because the government wanted to show sadness for them.
B．Because forest fires are very common in China in spring.
C．Because many firefighters have died in the forest fires.
D．Because the winds changed unexpectedly in China
A boy helped save the life of his friend from choking（噎）in the dining hall at school while having their lunch there. Many people watched the video of the accident on the Internet.
In the video, the new student Jackson just got a seat and ate his chicken Sandwich. Suddenly the food stuck（卡住）in his throat and his face turned red. Hunter Olsen sat across from Jackson.
He thought that Jackson was just joking and laughed at it along with his friends.
But soon it became clear that Jackson was really choking and tried to cough the food out. He pointed to his throat to tell Hunter that he was not playing. Hunter realized that he had to do something and used the Heimlich maneuver（海姆立克急救法）. Finally, Jackson coughed the food out and could breathe again.
Ms. Howa, who taught them the Heimlich maneuver during her health class, said she couldn’t believe her ears when she heard what happened. But she was over the moon to know that her student put what she taught into practice. She was so proud of Hunter.
Hunter said he wasn’t interested in Ms. Howa’s class because he thought he would never use it in his life, but her great teaching helped him know what to do when in trouble. Then he said, “I just thought that doing something was better than doing nothing.”
51．Why did Hunter laugh with his friends
A．Because friends were telling jokes.
B．Because he thought Jackson was joking.
C．Because Jackson looked very funny.
D．Because he saw the food stuck in Jackson’s throat.
52．When did Hunter realize Jackson was really choking
A．When he just sat down with his friends. B．When Jackson’s face turned red.
C．When his friends began to laugh. D．When Jackson pointed to his throat.
53．How do you understand the underlined sentences（划线句子）
A．Ms. Howa went over to see what happened.
B．Ms. Howa didn’t believe Hunter saved Jackson.
C．Ms. Howa was happy with what Hunter did.
D．Ms. Howa wanted to know how Hunter saved Jackson.
54．How did Hunter feel about Ms. Howa’s health class before the accident
A．It was not very useful. B．It was very important.
C．It was very interesting. D．It was too difficult.
55．What did the writer mainly tell us in the passage
A．He wanted to tell what Heimlich maneuver is.
B．He wanted to tell a story that a boy saved his friend.
C．He wanted to teach us not to play jokes while eating.
D．He wanted to teach us how to use the Heimlich maneuver.
Focus on mental health
At some point in life, many people suffer a mental disturbance. While most people get over it, for others it doesn’t go away easily.
Oct 10 was World Mental Health Day. This year, the theme was “Young People and Mental Health in a Changing World”.
The World Health Organization says that about 20 percent of children and teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. It’s thought that the number of children and teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. It will become one of the main causes of diseases, disabilities and even death.
In China, the picture isn’t bright, either. About 30 million Chinese children and teenagers under the age of 17, or 10 percent of children and teenagers in China, have a mental health challenge, reported China Daily.
The reason for mental problems among young people may be the increasing pressure in life.
The world is changing fast. Study and relationships have always caused stress, but today the stress is much higher than before, the WHO said.
The Young Foundation, a UK-based non-profit think tank, says that young people today have huge stresses at school. For instance, they experience bullying and body image issues. In a 2017 report, the foundation noted that the internet was a special source of stress. Online, young people often see “messages about perfection” and this causes the young “great uncertainty about their adult futures”, says the foundation.
Also, according to China Daily, Chinese people don’t seek help with their mental problems. They fear that others will think less of them if they admit that they are in trouble. Elaine Peng, a US mental health educator, makes a similar point. She thinks that many Chinese people are ashamed of their mental problems. Peng told Xinhua that mental illness “is taboo in many Chinese families”.
In the UK, over three-quarters of young people believe their mental health problems have a social stigma. YouGov, a UK-based data company, reported in 2017 that a quarter of young UK people wouldn’t ask for help if they developed a mental problem.
Young people who don’t seek help for their condition may be creating problems for themselves in the future. Jagannath Lamichhane, a mental health expert in Nepal, warned that, “If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever.”
“My message for young people is, if you feel something is wrong within you—seek help,” he told NPR.
56．About________ of children and teenagers suffer from mental illness in the world.
A．10% B．17%
C．20% D．30%
57．The underlined words “the picture isn’t bright” in paragraph 4 means________.
A．the picture is dark B．the future is not clear
C．the situation is optimistic D．the situation is not optimistic
58．________was a special source of stress in the report in 2017.
A．Bullying B．Body image C．Internet D．Social stigma
59．According to Jagannath Lamichhane, ________.
A．people shouldn’t pay attention to mental illness
B．people shouldn’t hide mental illness
C．people should ignore mental health
D．people shouldn’t tell others their mental problems
60．What’s the passage mainly about
A．Children and teenagers who suffer a mental disturbance.
B．Ignore mental problems.
C．How to deal with bullying.
D．How to become health.
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C B D A C C A D B C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B C B C A C B B C A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D B B D B B C D A C
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D C D B A D A D A C
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 C D B B D A D C B B
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
答案 B D C A B C D C B A
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者独自一人在家学习，邻居家失火，作者救出正在睡觉的邻居的勇敢故事。
1．细节理解题。根据“Last Sunday evening my parents went out for a walk with my sister. But I studied alone at home because I would have an English test.”可知作者没有出去是为了备考英语，故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom”可猜测作者按门铃和敲门，邻居因为睡着了没有听见，所以没有回答，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“the firemen came and put out the fire quickly”可知最后消防员扑灭了火，故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom”可知发生火灾时邻居正在卧室睡觉，故选A。
5．主旨大意题。根据文章可知文中作者讲述了邻居家发生火灾，可正在睡觉的邻居却浑然不知，是作者叫醒了他，逃了出来。故选C。
6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了大卫在一个寒冷大雪的夜晚，下班途中的遭遇。
6．细节理解题。根据“It was very cold. It snowed heavily and blew very strongly”可知，天气很冷。雪下得很大，风刮得很大。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“But David had to walk home from work at 21: 00”可知，大卫是走路回家。故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据“But David had to walk home from work at 21: 00”和“About ten minutes later a car hit him”可知，大卫21点下班，10分钟后被一辆汽车撞了，故应是21: 10撞到他的。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据“The policeman ran to look at David. ‘I’m afraid he is dead (死的).’ The policeman told the driver.”和“‘He is dead.’ The policeman said again”可知，警察认为大卫已经死了。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据“the driver said, ‘but I only turned his head around the right way.’”可知，司机把大卫的头转到了正确的方向。故选C。
11．B 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是新闻报道，介绍了四则新闻，均是介绍发生在2019年的火灾。
11．细节理解题。根据“On December 8, 2019, a fire broke out at a factory building in Anaj Mandi area of Delhi, India.”；“At about 6 p.m. on March 30, 2019, a forest fire broke out in Liangshan”以及“At about 7 p.m. on April 15, 2019. Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris caught fire.”可知，凉山森林火灾发生的最早，故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“At about 6 p.m. on March 30, 2019, a forest fire broke out in Liangshan, Sichuan, 27 firemen (消防员) and 4 helpers were killed in this forest fire.”可知，27名消防员和4名助手在这场森林大火中丧生，一共31人死亡，故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“At about 7 p.m. on April 15, 2019. Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris caught fire. The fire spread quickly in an hour. At about 10 a.m. on April 16, 2019, the fire was put out.”可知，2019年4月15日晚7时许，巴黎圣母院发生火灾，2019年4月16日上午10时许，大火被扑灭。所以这场火灾持续了15个小时，故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据“On December 8, 2019, a fire broke out at a factory building in Anaj Mandi area of Delhi, India. At least 43 workers died while they were sleeping and more than 50 got hurt.”可知，这家位于印度德里的工厂在夜间起火的，故选C。
15．主旨大意题。分析四则新闻可知，都是介绍发生在2019年的火灾，故选A。
16．C 17．B 18．B 19．C 20．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了晕动症，及提供了解决该症状的建议。
16．细节理解题。根据“People with motion sickness feel very uncomfortable while they are in motion.”可知，有晕动症的人在运动时会感到非常不舒服。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段的描述可以推断，感官相互混淆的时候，可能会患有运动症。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“The inner ears contain a special liquid that helps us sense our direction and balance.”可知，内耳中的特殊液体可以帮助我们感知方向和平衡。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“This may be because they have certain genes that prevent mismatching senses, Bethann Hromatka, a genetics expert from the US, told the Atlantic.”可知，Bethann Hromatka认为某些基因可以防止感官错配。故选C。
20．主旨大意题。本文通过总分的结构介绍了晕动病，故选A。
21．D 22．B 23．B 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，缇娜史密斯是个911接线员，今天上午她接到了4个求助电话，文章是4个人的名字、电话、年龄、地址和问题。
21．细节理解题。根据“Name: Susan Wendle”和“My son fell in the river and cannot get out.”可知，苏珊的儿子掉进了河里。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“I broke my leg. My friend’s head is bleeding.”可知，2个人受伤。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“Name: Susan Wendle Age: 36”、“Name: Brian Morton Age: 48”、“Name: Andrea Shelly Age: 78”和“Name: Steven Carter Age: 33”可知，Andrea Shelly年纪最大。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据“Name: Steven Carter”和“Problem: My house is on fire.”可知，他的房子着火了。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据“Name: Andrea Shelly”和“I fell down the stairs and can’t move my legs.”可知Andrea Shelly从楼梯上掉下来。故选B。
26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者拯救了火灾中的邻居。
26．词义猜测题。根据“I rang my neighbor’s doorbell, knocked at the door, but there was no response”可知我按了邻居的门铃，敲了敲门，但没有人回应，故此处划线部分和answer意义相近。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“But I studied alone at home because I would have an English test”可知作者因为要准备英语考试，所以没有和父母去散步。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“ the firemen came and put out the fire quickly”可知消防员扑灭了火。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据“I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom”可知火灾发生时，邻居正在睡觉。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者拯救了火灾中的邻居。故选C。
31．D 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是对于一起交通事故的说明，文中提到了几个人的证词，注意对比每个人的证词之间的异同点。
31． 细节理解题。根据“A policeman spoke to the taxi driver and to the truck driver. He also spoke to Tom.”和“Tom’s friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.”可知，本文共提到了警察、出租车司机、卡车司机、汤姆和汤姆的朋友五个人。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据“TRUCK DRIVER: I was driving from the airport to Newton.”可知，卡车当时是从机场到牛顿市的路上。故选C。
33．推理判断题。分析四人的证词“so I slowed down”、“The truck stopped suddenly.”、“When the truck slowed down, the taxi hit it.”和“Tom's friend spoke to the policeman and agreed with Tom.”可知，当时卡车减速了但没停，出租车司机说卡车停了下来，所以出租车司机说谎了。故选D。
34．词义猜测题。根据“He was a witness. This is what they said.”及下文每个人的阐述可知，这几个人是作为交通事故目击者的身份来陈述的，所以划线单词表示“目击者”。故选B。
35． 最佳标题题。分析文章内容可知，本文是对于一起交通事故的说明。故选A。
36．D 37．A 38．D 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner的登山经历。
36．细节理解题。根据“She has climbed 14 of the world’s highest mountains.”及“Kaltenbrunner is the first woman to climb all 14 mountains without extra oxygen.”可知，她是第一个在没有额外氧气的情况下爬上全部14座最高峰的女性。故选D。
37．词义猜测题。根据“She became a nurse, but always had a passion for climbing. 32-year-old Kaltenbrunner climbed her fourth big mountain”可知，她在32岁时登上了她的第四座大山，由此可知，尽管她成为了一名护士，她总是对登山有着热爱，划线单词表示“热爱，激情”。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“She cut a hole in her tent with a small knife. Slowly, Kaltenbrunner got out of the snow.”可知，在这场事故中她救了自己。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“After the accident, Kaltenbrunner said, ‘I couldn’t stop climbing. This is my life.’ She climbed the 14th mountain, K2 between Pakistan and China.”可知，事故后，她攀登了巴基斯坦和中国之间的高山K2。故选A。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner的登山经历。故选C。
41．C 42．D 43．B 44．B 45．D
【导语】本文主要介绍一名叫夏娟的女孩在火灾发生时临危不惧，没有选择独自逃生，而是拍开邻居的门，使邻居们死里逃生的故事。
41．细节理解题。根据“This story happened in 2020”可知，故事发生在2020年，今年是2024年，是四年前，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“At 0:30 am, Xia Juan woke up suddenly (忽然地) because she knew the mid-term exam (期中考试) was coming the next day. She forgot to go over her lessons.”可知，夏娟0点半醒来是为了期中考试复习功课。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据“They ran out of the house without getting anything.”可知，他们什么也没拿就跑出了房子。故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据“Finally, she woke up the Wang family and helped them run out of their house. ”可知，当时王家人正在睡觉，故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据“Thanks to this brave girl, nobody died.”可知，没有人死亡，故选D。
46．A 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了四川凉山特大火灾中消防队员的相关情况，在救火细节、救火人员、伤亡情况及荣誉授予等方面都有细节描写。
46．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Suddenly, the winds changed unexpectedly and caused the deaths. A huge fireball was formed because of the winds”可知突然， 风向发生了意外的变化，造成了人员伤亡。一个巨大的火球因为风而形成。故选A。
47．推理判断题。根据文章第四段第二句内容“Their average(平均) age was only 23.”可知他们的平均年龄只有23岁，所以推断受害者都很年轻。故选D。
48．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Their average age was only 22.3. One of them was 29-year- old Jiang Feifei...”可知，可知其中一个是29岁的姜菲菲，在他最后一条微信中，他说：“我又在救火的路上了，请给我点鼓励”，这句话打动了很多人的心，在新浪微博上流传，收到了近30万条评论。故选C。
49．词义猜测题。根据文章第五段内容“The 31 firefighters and officials have been honored as martyrs. China's Ministry of Emergency Management...”可知，这31名消防队员和官员被授予烈士的荣誉称号，此处martyrs是“烈士”的意思，故选B。
50．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Because of dry weather and rising temperatures, forest fires are very common in China in spring”可知，由于天气干燥，气温上升，中国春季森林火灾十分普遍。故选B。
51．B 52．D 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个男孩用海姆立克法救了自己的朋友的故事。
51．细节理解题。根据“He thought that Jackson was just joking and laughed at it along with his friends.”可知，Hunter和朋友们一起大笑是因为他认为Jackson在和他们开玩笑。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据“He pointed to his throat to tell Hunter that he was not playing. Hunter realized that he had to do something and used the Heimlich maneuver”可知，当Jackson指着自己的喉咙时，Hunter意识到他真地被食物噎住了。故选D。
53．句意猜测题。根据“She was so proud of Hunter.”可知，Hunter用Howa老师教的方法救了别人，Howa老师为他感到骄傲，内心应该很高兴。over the moon意为“欣喜若狂”。故选C。
54．推理判断题。根据“Hunter said he wasn’t interested in Ms. Howa’s class because he thought he would never use it in his life, but her great teaching helped him know what to do when in trouble. ”可知，当时Hunter没有过多关注Howa老师的课程，故判断他当时认为Howa老师的课程不是很实用。故选A。
55．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个男孩救了自己的朋友的故事。故选B。
56．C 57．D 58．C 59．B 60．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了儿童与青少年有精神问题的情况，及导致其产生精神问题的原因。
56．细节理解题。根据“The World Health Organization says that about 20 percent of children and teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness.”可知，全世界大约20% 的儿童和青少年患有精神疾病。故选C。
57．词句猜测题。根据第四段的描述可知，中国儿童和青少年中面临心理健康挑战的人数也很多，所以the picture isn’t bright意为“情况不容乐观”。故选D。
58．细节理解题。根据“In a 2017 report, the foundation noted that the internet was a special source of stress.”可知，2017年的报告显示，互联网是一个特殊的压力来源。故选C。
59．推理判断题。根据第十段的描述可以推断，Jagannath Lamichhane认为人们不应该隐藏自己的精神问题。故选B。
60．主旨大意题。本文通过总分的结构，有精神问题的儿童和年轻人有很多，而且人们通常都会以“有精神问题”为耻，而不愿意去寻求帮助，从而导致问题得不到解决。在介绍精神问题产生的原因的基础上，点出了应该如何解决精神问题的建议。故选A。
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