2025中考英语必背高频短语
简介:初中英语教材中出现了近 500 个词组,其中一部分是常用词组,要求学生能够熟练运用。英语学习需要不断积累词组,尤其是单词词组和短语动词,同时要牢记词组含义,不能望文生义。例如,动词 “take” 原意为 “拿、取”,但在 “take care of” 中意为 “照料”,在 “look up” 中意为 “查找(单词)” 。此外,要特别注意词组中单词的使用对词义的影响,以及冠词在词组中的用法差异。例如,“in the tree” 表示动物或人在树上,而 “on the tree” 表示果实、树叶长在树上;“in hospital” 表示生病住院,“in the hospital” 表示在医院里(不一定是生病)。
动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组
由 be 构成的词组
be back:回来 / 在家 / 外出
be at home/work:在家 / 上班
be good at:擅长于
be careful of:小心、注意、仔细
be covered with:被…… 覆盖
be ready for:为…… 做好准备
be surprised (at):对…… 感到惊讶
be interested in:对…… 感兴趣
be born:出生
be on:在进行,在上演,(灯)着
be able to do sth.:能够做……
be afraid of (doing sth. /sth.):害怕(做某事 / 某事)
be angry with sb.:生(某人)的气
be pleased (with):对…… 感到满意
be famous for:以…… 而闻名
be strict in/with (sb. /sth.):(对工作、对人)严格要求
be from:来自……(什么地方的人)
be hungry/thirsty:饿了 / 渴了
be worried:担忧
be (well) worth doing:(非常)值得做……
be in (great) need of:急需
be in trouble:处于困境中
be glad to do sth.:很高兴做……
be late for:迟到
be made of/from:由…… 制成(能看出原材料用 of,看不出用 from )
be satisfied with:对…… 感到满意
be free:空闲的,有空
be ill in bed:生病在床
be busy doing (with):忙于做(某事)
由 come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、look、put、set、send、take、turn、play 等动词构成的词组
come back:回来
come down:下来
come on:快、走吧、跟我来
come in:进入,进来
come out:出来
come from:来自……
come up:上来
do one's lessons/homework:做功课 / 回家作业
do more speaking/reading:做口头练习 / 朗读
do one's best:尽力
do some shopping (cooking/reading/cleaning):买东西(做饭菜 / 读点书 / 大扫除)
do a good deed (good deeds):做一件好事(做好事)
do morning exercises:做早操
do eye exercises:做眼保健操
do well in:在…… 方面干得好
get up:起身
get everything ready:一切都准备好
get ready for:为…… 做好准备
get on (well) with:与…… 相处(融洽)
get back:返回
get in:进入,收集
get off:下车
get to:到达
get there:到达那里
give sb. a call:给…… 打电话
give a talk:作报告
give a concert (give a piano concert):举办音乐会
give back:归还,送回
give sb. some advice:给…… 一个建议
give lessons to:给…… 上课
give in:屈服
give up:放弃
give sb. a chance:给…… 一次机会
give a message to:给…… 一个口信
go ahead:先走,向前走,去吧,干吧
go to the cinema:看电影
go to bed:睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)
go to school (college):上学(上大学)
go to the hospital:去医院看病
go over:过一遍,复习;go over to:朝…… 走去
go shopping:买东西
go home (there):回家(去那儿)
go around:顺便去,绕道走
go up:上去
go for a walk:外出散步
go on (doing):继续(做……)
go on with one's work:继续某人的工作
go upstairs/downstairs:上 / 下楼
(the lights) go out:(灯)熄了
have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting:上课 / 开会
have a football/basketball match:举行足球(篮球赛)
have a dictation:听见
have a try:试试
have a good time:玩得很高兴
have a lecture (a piano concert):听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)
have a report (talk) on:听一个关于…… 的报告
have a glass of water (a cup of tea):喝一杯水(一杯茶)
have breakfast/lunch/supper:吃早饭 / 午饭 / 晚饭
have a meal (three meals):吃一顿饭(三餐饭)
have a dinner:吃正餐
have bread and milk for breakfast:吃面包和牛奶作为早餐
have (have got) a headache:头痛
have a fever:发烧
have a cough (a cold):咳嗽(感冒)
have a look (at):看一看……
have a rest (a break):休息一会儿(课间或工间休息)
have a talk:谈话
have a swim/walk:游泳 / 散步
have sports:进行体育锻炼
have a sports meet (meeting):开运动会
have something done:请人(让人)做
have a test/an exam:测验 / 考试
have an idea:有一个主意
had better do sth. (not do sth.):最好做(最好不要做……)
have a word with:与…… 说句话
help sb. with sth. /help sb. do sth.:在…… 方面帮助…… 帮助
help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat:随便吃点鸡 / 鱼 / 肉
help each other:互相帮助
keep up with:跟上……
keep silent/quiet:保持沉默 / 安静
keep sb. doing sth.:使某人一直做某事
keep one's diary:记日记
make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises):吵闹(十分嘈杂,响声)
make a living:谋生
make sb. do sth.:迫使某人做……
make faces (a face):做鬼脸
make friends (with):与…… 交朋友
make a mistake (mistakes):犯错误
make room/space for:给…… 腾出地方
make sentences (sentences) with:用…… 造句
make a fire:生火
be made from:由…… 制成
be made in:在…… 地方制造
look out (of):向外看(看外面)
look up a word in the dictionary:在字典里查单词
look up:往上看,仰望
look after:照管,照看,照顾
look for:寻找
look like:看上去像
look fine/well/tired/worried:看起来气色好 / 健康 / 疲劳 / 忧虑
look out:当心,小心
look on...as:把…… 当作…… 看待
look around:朝四周看
look at:看着……
put on:穿上(衣服),戴上(帽子),上演(戏剧)
put into:进入,输入
put up:建造,搭起,挂起,举起,张帖
put one's heart into:全神贯注于
set up:竖起,建起
set off:出发,动身
set out:出发
set an example for:为…… 树立榜样
send for:派人去请(叫)
send out:放出,发出
send up:往上送,发射
take one's advice:听从某人劝告
take out:拿出,取出
take down:拿下
take place:发生
take the place of:代替……
take a walk (rest):散步 / 休息
take it easy:别紧张
take sth. with sb.:随身带着
take sb. to a park/London for one's holidays:带某人去公园 / 伦敦度假
take care of:关心、照顾,保管
take a look (last look) at:看一看(最后看一眼)
take an exam:参加考试
take away:拿走
take hold of:抓住……
take off:脱下(衣服、鞋等),起飞
take part in (an activity/a game):(积极)参加(活动 / 游戏)
take photos:照相
take some medicine:服药
take a bus (train, boat):乘公共汽车,火车 / 船
turn on:打开(电灯,收音机等)
turn off:关上(电灯,收音机等)
turn in:交出,上交
turn...into:把…… 变成
turn to:翻到,转向
turn down:(把音量)调低
turn over:翻过来
play basketball:打篮球,football 踢足球,volleyball 打排球
play games:做游戏
play the piano (the violin):弹钢琴(拉小提琴)
play with snow:玩雪
play a joke (on):开…… 的玩笑
其他动词、介词构成的词组
ask for:向…… 请求
ask for leave:请假
send for:派人去请(叫)
pay for:付款
wait for:等候
thank for:为…… 感谢
apologize to sb. for sth.:为某事向某人道歉
look for:寻找
leave for:离开…… 去
fall off:跌落
catch a cold:着凉,伤风
catch up with:赶上
agree with sb.:同意某人的意见
fill...with:用…… 装满
tell sb. about sth.:告诉某人某事
talk about:谈论……
think about:考虑……
worry about:担心……
look after:照料
run after:追赶,跟在后面跑
read after:跟…… 读
smile at:对…… 微笑
knock at:敲(门、窗)
shout at:对…… 大喊(嚷)
throw away:扔掉
work hard at:努力做……
wait in line:排队等候
change...into:把…… 变成
hurry into:匆忙进入
run into:跑进
hear of:听说
think of:认为,考虑
catch hold of:抓住
instead of:代替……
hand in:交上来
stay in bed:卧病在床
hear from:收到…… 来信
at once:立刻
at last:最后
at first:起先,首先
at the age of:在…… 岁时
at the end of:在…… 之末
at the beginning of:在…… 之初
at the foot of:在…… 脚下
at the same time:同时
at night:夜里,在晚上
with one's help:在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助
with the help of:在…… 的帮助下
with a smile:面带笑容
with one's own eyes:亲眼看见
after a while:过了一会儿
from now on:从现在起
from then on:从那时起
for example:例如
far away from:远离
from...to...:从…… 到……
by and by:不久以后
by air mail:航空邮件
by ordinary mail:寄平信
by the way:顺便说
by the window:在窗边
by the end of:到…… 底为止
little by little:渐渐地
in all:总共
in fact:事实上
in one's twenties:在某人二十几岁时
in a hurry:匆忙
in the middle of:在…… 中间
in time (on time):及时(准时)
in public:公共地,公开地
in order to:为了……
in front of:在…… 前面
in the sun:在阳光下
in the end:最后,终于
in surprise:惊奇地
in turn:依次
of course:当然
a bit (of):有点
a lot of:许多
on one's way to:某人在去…… 的路上
on foot:步行,走路
a talk on space:一个关于太空的报告
on the other hand:另一方面
on weekends:在周末
on the left (right):在左(右)边
on the other side of:在…… 另一边
on the radio:通过收音机(无线电广播)
to one's joy:使高兴的是……
to one's surprise:使…… 惊讶的是……
量词词组和其他词组
a bit:一点
a few (of):一丝(可数)
a little:一点(不可数)
a lot of (lots of):许多
a piece of:一张(一片,一块)
a cup of:一杯……
a glass of:一玻璃杯……
a pile of (piles and piles of):一堆(一堆堆的)……
a box of:一盒
a copy of:一份,一本
a bowl of:一碗……
a basket of:一篮……
a plate of:一盘
a bottle of:一瓶
a basin of:一脸盆……
a set of:一套
a kind of:一种
a type of:一种类型的
a great deal of:非常多,大量的(不可数名词)
a large (great) number of:非常多,大量的(可数名词)
a great many:大量,许多(可数名词)
a different type of:一种不同型号的
a group of:一队,一组,一群
其他词组
all kinds of:各种各样的
all over:遍及每一部分,浑身
all one's life:一生
above all:首先,尤其是
Children's Palace:少年宫
day after day:日复一日
up and down:上上下下
the day after tomorrow:后天
the day before yesterday:前天
this year or two (or so):近两年(左右)
all over the world:全世界
a moment ago:刚才
just now/then:刚才;那时
soon after:不久以后
later on:随后,后来