/ 让教学更有效 英语学科
Unit 6 Hitting the road 课文解析 一
1.hitting the road 出发
[用法讲解] hit为动词，译为“打击、击中、突然想起、完成”等;hit也可作名词，译为“成功的事物”。
Eg: The car hit the tree.车子撞到了树上。
The idea hit me when I woke up this morning.今天早晨醒来时我突然想到了一个主意。
The town was hit by a severe flood. 这个小镇遭受了严重的洪水。
The temperature hit 30 degrees Celsius today.今天的温度达到了30摄氏度。
The movie was one of the biggest hits of the year.这部电影是当年最卖座的作品之一。
[常见搭配] hit sb. on/ in the+身体部位击中某人的某个身体部位
hit sth. with sth. 用某物击打某物
hit it off 相处融洽
Eg: The thief hit the police officer on the shoulders.这个窃贼打中了警察的肩膀。
He hit the ball with a bat.他用球棒打了那个球。
We hit it off right away. 我们一见面就很投缘。
2.Travelling allows us to experience new things. 旅行可以让我们体验新事物。
[用法讲解] allow为动词，译为“允许”，常以被动语态形式出现。
[常见搭配] be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
allow for 考虑到、体谅
Eg: She is allowed to watch TV after school. 她放学后被允许看电视。
Please allow me to carry your bag. 请允许我替你拿包。
They allowed smoking in this room only.他们只允许在这间屋子里吸烟。
We should allow for every possible delay.我们考虑到任何可能的延误。
experience在译为“经验”:时为不可数名词，在译为“经历”时为可数名词;experience还作动词，译为“经历、体验”。
Eg: Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。
He had many unforgettable experiences during his trip.他在旅行中有许多难忘的经历。
She experienced a sense of relief after passing the exam.通过考试后，她感到如释重负。
We experienced a lot of difficulties during the project.我们在这个项目中经历了很多困难。
[常见搭配] have experience in ...在某方 面有经验
Eg: She has lots of experience of teaching English.她在英语教学方面经验丰富。
3.You will not know the height of the sky if you do not climb a high mountain.
故不登高山，不知天之高也。
[用法讲解] height为名词，译为“高度、身高”等。
Eg: The height of the building is ten meters.这栋楼的高度是十米。
[常见搭配] in height 在高度上而言
Eg: He is tall in height. 他的身高很高。
[派生词] high为形容词，译为“高的”
Eg: The mountain is too high. 这座山太高了。
if为连词，译为“如果”，常常用来引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为将来时，从句为一般现在时。
Eg: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里，
if也可以译为“是否”，用来引导宾语从句，时态随实际情况而定。
Eg: I don't know if it will rain tomorrow.我不知道明天是否下雨。
4.Travel and change of place refresh the mind. 旅行和换个地方能让头脑焕新。
[用法讲解] change在此处为名词，译为“变化、零钱”; change还可为动词，译为“改变、交换”。
Eg: She decided to change her hairstyle.她决定改变她的发型。
Can you change this $10 bill for smaller denominations
你能把这张10美元的钞票兑换成小面额的吗
Many changes have taken place since then.自那以来，发生了许多变化。
I don't have any change for the parking meter.我没有零钱来投放停车费。
[常见搭配] change ... into... 把...变成...
change... for ... 用...换来...
Eg: I'm thinking of changing my car for a new one.我正考虑换辆新车。
He changed his dollars into francs. 他把美元换成了法郎。
mind在此处为名词，译为“头脑、思想”;mind也可作动词，译为“介意”。
[常见搭配] change one's mind改变某人的主意
make up one's mind (to do sth.)下决心(做某事)
mind (one's) doing sth.“介意(某人)做某事”
mind + 从句
Eg: She made up her mind to improve her English.她下定决心提高她的英语。
Would you mind my opening the door 你介意我开门吗
I don't mind if you have free time.我不介意你是否有空闲时间。
5.Which quote do you agree with most 你最赞同哪句引言
[用法讲解] agree为动词，译为“同意”。
[派生词]其名词形式为agreement，译为“同意”。
[常见搭配] agree with sb.同意某人的观点/适合某人的健康或胃口
agree on sth.对某事取得一致意见
agree to do sth.同意做某事
Eg: I agree with you.我同意你的观点。
The climate there doesn't agree with me.那里的气候对我不适合。
We agreed on the best action. 我们都同意这一最佳措施。
She agreed to go shopping with me.她同意和我去购物。
The two sides failed to reach agreement.双方未能取得一致意见。
6.At last, I arrived in Chengdu. 最后，我到达了成都。
[用法讲解] arrive为动词，译为“到达”。
[常见搭配] arrive in (大地点)/ at (小地点)=get to 地点 =reach 地点
Eg: We will arrive in Beijing tomorrow.= We will get to Beijing tomorrow.
= We will reach Beijing tomorrow.我们明天到北京。
注意:如果地点为home,here, there等副词，则需省略介词in/at/to等。
Eg: I often arrive home at 5:00 pm. = I often get home at 5:00 pm.我经常下午5点到家。
7.My friend Haoyu took me to restaurant right from the airport.
我的朋友浩宇直接带我去了机场附近的一家参观。
[用法讲解] right在此处为副词，译为“直接 地”，还可译为“正确地、立刻”;right还可作形容词，译为“正确的、合适的、右边的”;right也可作名词，译为“右边、权利”。
Eg: He spoke right to the point. 他直接说到点子上了。
He answered the question right. 他正确的回答了问题。
You are right. 你是对的。
She is the right person for the job.她是做这项工作的合适人选。
the right side of the road 马路的右侧
She sits on the right of Lily. 她坐在丽丽的右侧。
The right to vote is important.投票权很重要。
[常见搭配] right away 立刻、马上
right now 现在
Eg: We need to leave right away. 我们需要马上离开。
Can you come right now 你现在能来吗
8.I just couldn't wait to try Sichuan hot pot!我迫不及待地想尝尝四川火锅!
[用法讲解] can't wait to do sth.译为“迫不及待做某事”。
Eg: The little girl can't wait to open her birthday presents.这个小女孩等不及要打开她的生日礼物。
[知识拓展] wait为动词，译为“等待、等候”; wait还可为名词，译为“等待的时间”。
Eg: The wait for the the train was long.等待火车的时间很长。
There is never a wait at that restaurant.那家餐厅从来不用等位。
[常见搭配] wait to do sth.等待做某事
wait for sb./sth.等某人/某物
wait a minute/ second/ moment 等一下
Eg: I'm waiting to hear back from the interviewer.我正在等待面试官的回复。
She is waiting for her friend at the restaurant. 她正在餐厅等待她的朋友。
9.But the first taste made me mouth burn! 但第一口就让我嘴发烫!
[用法讲解] taste为名词，译为“味道、滋味”;taste也可为动词，译为“品尝”;taste亦可为系动词，译为“尝起来”，后面需接形容词或介词短语作表语。
Eg: Sugar has a sweet taste. 糖有种甜甜的味道。
May I taste it 我可以品尝一下吗
The cakes taste delicious.蛋糕尝起来很美味。
burn为动词，译为“烧伤、燃烧、发怒”;burn还可作名词，译为“燃烧、烧伤”。
Eg: The hot stove burned his hand. 热锅烫伤了他的手。
The candle is burning brightly. 蜡烛燃烧得很明亮。
His words burned me with anger. 他的话让我非常气愤。
He has several burn marks on his arm.他的手臂上有几个烧伤的痕迹。
[常见搭配] burn the midnight oil 日以继夜地工作/熬夜
Eg: She often burns the midnight oil to prepare for her exams.她经常熬夜准备考试。
10.I took a deep breath and drank a whole glass of iced lemon tea.我深吸一口气，喝了一整杯冰柠檬茶。
[用法讲解] whole为形容词，译为“全部的、整体的”;也可作名词，译为“整体、全部”。
[常见搭配] the whole year整年
[易混辨析]whole和all 区别
whole常用于修饰单数可数名词;位于冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之后。
all常用于修饰不可数名词或复数可数名词:位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之前。
Eg: This whole holiday has passed quickly.整个假期都过的很快。
They walked all the way.他们一路上都是步行。
通常不可数名词没有复数形式，不能用a/an修饰，且不能用数词直接修饰。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数
注意:不可数名词的量化
具体的量:数词+表示数量的名词+of+不可数名词;
如:a piece of paper一张纸; three kilos of rice三公斤大米
大概的量:表示量的限定词+不可数名词(用 some, much, little, a little, a lot of等表示);
如:some water一些水; a lot of money许多钱
11.Do you want something less hot 想要一些不那么辣的东西吗
[用法讲解] something是由some + thing构成的复合不定代词，译为“某件事、某些事”，常用于肯定句中，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，形容词或动词不定式在修饰something时需位于something之后。
Eg: There is something wrong with my bike.我的自行车出了些问题。
[常见搭配] something else 其它的东西/事
something important重要的东西/事
something to drink/ eat喝/吃的东西
Eg: It is time to do something else. 该做些其它的事了。
I want to tell you something important.我想告诉你一些重要的事。
Would you like something to eat 你想要一些吃的吗
12.I'm really looking forward to the rest of my trip around China!
我真的很期待接下来的中国之旅!
[用法讲解] rest为名词，译为“剩余部分”，也可译为“休息”;rest也可作动词，译为“休息”。
[常见搭配] take/ have a rest休息
the rest of +名词剩下的(作主语时谓语动词取决于后面的名词)
Eg: You look tired. Why don't you take a rest 你看上去很累。为什么不休息一下呢
The rest of the team is waiting for us.队伍中的其他人正在等我们。
The rest of the eggs are yours. 剩下的鸡蛋是你的。
I'm tired, and I want to rest. 我累了，我想休息。
13.A title often shows the main idea of the passage. 标题往往能表明文章的主旨。
[用法讲解] main为形容词，译为“主要的、最重要的”;main还可为名词，译为“管道”，其复数形式为mains。
Eg: This is the main purpose of my coming here.这就是我来这儿的主要目的。
Water is supplied from the mains.水是从总管道来的。
[常见搭配] main idea 主旨、中心思想
Eg: What's the main idea of this passage 这篇文章的主旨是什么
[派生词] mainly为副词，译为“主要地、大部分地”。
Eg: They eat mainly fruit and nuts.他们主要吃水果和坚果。
14.Pay attention to the words in a title.注意标题中的词汇。
[用法讲解] pay attention to译为“注意”，其中to为介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词。
Eg: You should pay attention to the details.你应该注意细节。
He paid attention to what she said. 他倾听了她所说的话。
You need to pay attention to checking your homework carefully.你需要注意认真检查作业。
15.Rushing down the water was more exciting than taking a roller coaster.
在流水中疾驰而下比坐过山车还要令人兴奋。
[用法讲解] rush为动词，译为“匆忙行动、急忙”;rush也可为名词，译为“匆忙、急迫、迅速行动”;rush也可为形容词，译为“急促的、迅速的”。
Eg: We need to rush if we want to catch the last train.如果想赶上最后一班火车，我们就需要赶紧点。
I was in such a rush this morning that I forgot to grab my keys.我今天早上匆忙得连钥匙都忘了带。
We need to make a decision,there is no time for a rush job.我们需要做出决定，来不及仓促进行了。
[常见搭配] in a rush 匆忙地
rush hour 高峰时段
be rushed off one's feet忙得不可开交
Eg: I'm sorry, but I can't talk right now. I'm in a rush.对不起，我现在没时间说话，我很着急。
Traffic is always congested during the morning and evening rush hours.早晚高峰时段交通总是拥堵。
The restaurant is always busy, and the staff are constantly rushed off their feet.
这家餐厅总是很忙，员工们都很忙碌。
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Unit 6 Hitting the road
七年级
外研2024版
下
课文解析 一
1.hitting the road 出发
[用法讲解] hit为动词，译为“打击、击中、突然想起、完成”等;hit也可作名词，译为“成功的事物”。
Eg: The car hit the tree.车子撞到了树上。
The idea hit me when I woke up this morning.今天早晨醒来时我突然想到了一个主意。
The town was hit by a severe flood. 这个小镇遭受了严重的洪水。
The temperature hit 30 degrees Celsius today.今天的温度达到了30摄氏度。
The movie was one of the biggest hits of the year.这部电影是当年最卖座的作品之一。
[常见搭配] hit sb. on/ in the+身体部位击中某人的某个身体部位
hit sth. with sth. 用某物击打某物
hit it off 相处融洽
Eg: The thief hit the police officer on the shoulders.这个窃贼打中了警察的肩膀。
He hit the ball with a bat.他用球棒打了那个球。
We hit it off right away. 我们一见面就很投缘。
2.Travelling allows us to experience new things. 旅行可以让我们体验新事物。
[用法讲解] allow为动词，译为“允许”，常以被动语态形式出现。
[常见搭配] be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
allow for 考虑到、体谅
Eg: She is allowed to watch TV after school. 她放学后被允许看电视。
Please allow me to carry your bag. 请允许我替你拿包。
They allowed smoking in this room only.他们只允许在这间屋子里吸烟。
We should allow for every possible delay.我们考虑到任何可能的延误。
experience在译为“经验”:时为不可数名词，在译为“经历”时为可数名词;experience还作动词，译为“经历、体验”。
Eg: Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。
He had many unforgettable experiences during his trip.他在旅行中有许多难忘的经历。
She experienced a sense of relief after passing the exam.通过考试后，她感到如释重负。
We experienced a lot of difficulties during the project.我们在这个项目中经历了很多困难。
[常见搭配] have experience in ...在某方 面有经验
Eg: She has lots of experience of teaching English.她在英语教学方面经验丰富。
3.You will not know the height of the sky if you do not climb a high mountain.
故不登高山，不知天之高也。
[用法讲解] height为名词，译为“高度、身高”等。
Eg: The height of the building is ten meters.这栋楼的高度是十米。
[常见搭配] in height 在高度上而言
Eg: He is tall in height. 他的身高很高。
[派生词] high为形容词，译为“高的”
Eg: The mountain is too high. 这座山太高了。
if为连词，译为“如果”，常常用来引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为将来时，从句为一般现在时。
Eg: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里，
if也可以译为“是否”，用来引导宾语从句，时态随实际情况而定。
Eg: I don't know if it will rain tomorrow.我不知道明天是否下雨。
4.Travel and change of place refresh the mind. 旅行和换个地方能让头脑焕新。
[用法讲解] change在此处为名词，译为“变化、零钱”; change还可为动词，译为“改变、交换”。
Eg: She decided to change her hairstyle.她决定改变她的发型。
Can you change this $10 bill for smaller denominations
你能把这张10美元的钞票兑换成小面额的吗
Many changes have taken place since then.自那以来，发生了许多变化。
I don't have any change for the parking meter.我没有零钱来投放停车费。
[常见搭配] change ... into... 把...变成...
change... for ... 用...换来...
Eg: I'm thinking of changing my car for a new one.我正考虑换辆新车。
He changed his dollars into francs. 他把美元换成了法郎。
mind在此处为名词，译为“头脑、思想”;mind也可作动词，译为“介意”。
[常见搭配] change one's mind改变某人的主意
make up one's mind (to do sth.)下决心(做某事)
mind (one's) doing sth.“介意(某人)做某事”
mind + 从句
Eg: She made up her mind to improve her English.她下定决心提高她的英语。
Would you mind my opening the door 你介意我开门吗
I don't mind if you have free time.我不介意你是否有空闲时间。
5.Which quote do you agree with most 你最赞同哪句引言
[用法讲解] agree为动词，译为“同意”。
[派生词]其名词形式为agreement，译为“同意”。
[常见搭配] agree with sb.同意某人的观点/适合某人的健康或胃口
agree on sth.对某事取得一致意见
agree to do sth.同意做某事
Eg: I agree with you.我同意你的观点。
The climate there doesn't agree with me.那里的气候对我不适合。
We agreed on the best action. 我们都同意这一最佳措施。
She agreed to go shopping with me.她同意和我去购物。
The two sides failed to reach agreement.双方未能取得一致意见。
6.At last, I arrived in Chengdu. 最后，我到达了成都。
[用法讲解] arrive为动词，译为“到达”。
[常见搭配] arrive in (大地点)/ at (小地点)=get to 地点 =reach 地点
Eg: We will arrive in Beijing tomorrow.= We will get to Beijing tomorrow.
= We will reach Beijing tomorrow.我们明天到北京。
注意:如果地点为home,here, there等副词，则需省略介词in/at/to等。
Eg: I often arrive home at 5:00 pm. = I often get home at 5:00 pm.我经常下午5点到家。
7.My friend Haoyu took me to restaurant right from the airport.
我的朋友浩宇直接带我去了机场附近的一家参观。
[用法讲解] right在此处为副词，译为“直接 地”，还可译为“正确地、立刻”;right还可作形容词，译为“正确的、合适的、右边的”;right也可作名词，译为“右边、权利”。
Eg: He spoke right to the point. 他直接说到点子上了。
He answered the question right. 他正确的回答了问题。
You are right. 你是对的。
She is the right person for the job.她是做这项工作的合适人选。
the right side of the road 马路的右侧
She sits on the right of Lily. 她坐在丽丽的右侧。
The right to vote is important.投票权很重要。
[常见搭配] right away 立刻、马上
right now 现在
Eg: We need to leave right away. 我们需要马上离开。
Can you come right now 你现在能来吗
8.I just couldn't wait to try Sichuan hot pot!我迫不及待地想尝尝四川火锅!
[用法讲解] can't wait to do sth.译为“迫不及待做某事”。
Eg: The little girl can't wait to open her birthday presents.这个小女孩等不及要打开她的生日礼物。
[知识拓展] wait为动词，译为“等待、等候”; wait还可为名词，译为“等待的时间”。
Eg: The wait for the the train was long.等待火车的时间很长。
There is never a wait at that restaurant.那家餐厅从来不用等位。
[常见搭配] wait to do sth.等待做某事
wait for sb./sth.等某人/某物
wait a minute/ second/ moment 等一下
Eg: I'm waiting to hear back from the interviewer.我正在等待面试官的回复。
She is waiting for her friend at the restaurant. 她正在餐厅等待她的朋友。
9.But the first taste made me mouth burn! 但第一口就让我嘴发烫!
[用法讲解] taste为名词，译为“味道、滋味”;taste也可为动词，译为“品尝”;taste亦可为系动词，译为“尝起来”，后面需接形容词或介词短语作表语。
Eg: Sugar has a sweet taste. 糖有种甜甜的味道。
May I taste it 我可以品尝一下吗
The cakes taste delicious.蛋糕尝起来很美味。
burn为动词，译为“烧伤、燃烧、发怒”;burn还可作名词，译为“燃烧、烧伤”。
Eg: The hot stove burned his hand. 热锅烫伤了他的手。
The candle is burning brightly. 蜡烛燃烧得很明亮。
His words burned me with anger. 他的话让我非常气愤。
He has several burn marks on his arm.他的手臂上有几个烧伤的痕迹。
[常见搭配] burn the midnight oil 日以继夜地工作/熬夜
Eg: She often burns the midnight oil to prepare for her exams.她经常熬夜准备考试。
10.I took a deep breath and drank a whole glass of iced lemon tea.我深吸一口气，喝了一整杯冰柠檬茶。
[用法讲解] whole为形容词，译为“全部的、整体的”;也可作名词，译为“整体、全部”。
[常见搭配] the whole year整年
[易混辨析]whole和all 区别
whole常用于修饰单数可数名词;位于冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之后。
all常用于修饰不可数名词或复数可数名词:位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之前。
Eg: This whole holiday has passed quickly.整个假期都过的很快。
They walked all the way.他们一路上都是步行。
通常不可数名词没有复数形式，不能用a/an修饰，且不能用数词直接修饰。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数
注意:不可数名词的量化
具体的量:数词+表示数量的名词+of+不可数名词;
如:a piece of paper一张纸; three kilos of rice三公斤大米
大概的量:表示量的限定词+不可数名词(用 some, much, little, a little, a lot of等表示);
如:some water一些水; a lot of money许多钱
11.Do you want something less hot 想要一些不那么辣的东西吗
[用法讲解] something是由some + thing构成的复合不定代词，译为“某件事、某些事”，常用于肯定句中，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，形容词或动词不定式在修饰something时需位于something之后。
Eg: There is something wrong with my bike.我的自行车出了些问题。
[常见搭配] something else 其它的东西/事
something important重要的东西/事
something to drink/ eat喝/吃的东西
Eg: It is time to do something else. 该做些其它的事了。
I want to tell you something important.我想告诉你一些重要的事。
Would you like something to eat 你想要一些吃的吗
12.I'm really looking forward to the rest of my trip around China!
我真的很期待接下来的中国之旅!
[用法讲解] rest为名词，译为“剩余部分”，也可译为“休息”;rest也可作动词，译为“休息”。
[常见搭配] take/ have a rest休息
the rest of +名词剩下的(作主语时谓语动词取决于后面的名词)
Eg: You look tired. Why don't you take a rest 你看上去很累。为什么不休息一下呢
The rest of the team is waiting for us.队伍中的其他人正在等我们。
The rest of the eggs are yours. 剩下的鸡蛋是你的。
I'm tired, and I want to rest. 我累了，我想休息。
13.A title often shows the main idea of the passage. 标题往往能表明文章的主旨。
[用法讲解] main为形容词，译为“主要的、最重要的”;main还可为名词，译为“管道”，其复数形式为mains。
Eg: This is the main purpose of my coming here.这就是我来这儿的主要目的。
Water is supplied from the mains.水是从总管道来的。
[常见搭配] main idea 主旨、中心思想
Eg: What's the main idea of this passage 这篇文章的主旨是什么
[派生词] mainly为副词，译为“主要地、大部分地”。
Eg: They eat mainly fruit and nuts.他们主要吃水果和坚果。
14.Pay attention to the words in a title.注意标题中的词汇。
[用法讲解] pay attention to译为“注意”，其中to为介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词。
Eg: You should pay attention to the details.你应该注意细节。
He paid attention to what she said. 他倾听了她所说的话。
You need to pay attention to checking your homework carefully.你需要注意认真检查作业。
15.Rushing down the water was more exciting than taking a roller coaster.
在流水中疾驰而下比坐过山车还要令人兴奋。
[用法讲解] rush为动词，译为“匆忙行动、急忙”;rush也可为名词，译为“匆忙、急迫、迅速行动”;rush也可为形容词，译为“急促的、迅速的”。
Eg: We need to rush if we want to catch the last train.如果想赶上最后一班火车，我们就需要赶紧点。
I was in such a rush this morning that I forgot to grab my keys.我今天早上匆忙得连钥匙都忘了带。
We need to make a decision,there is no time for a rush job.我们需要做出决定，来不及仓促进行了。
[常见搭配] in a rush 匆忙地
rush hour 高峰时段
be rushed off one's feet忙得不可开交
Eg: I'm sorry, but I can't talk right now. I'm in a rush.对不起，我现在没时间说话，我很着急。
Traffic is always congested during the morning and evening rush hours.早晚高峰时段交通总是拥堵。
The restaurant is always busy, and the staff are constantly rushed off their feet.
这家餐厅总是很忙，员工们都很忙碌。
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