2025年初中英语中考专项复习---宾语从句(含解析)

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名称 2025年初中英语中考专项复习---宾语从句(含解析)
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2025年初中英语中考专项复习---宾语从句
【知识导图】
【要点拓展】
1.that引导的宾语从句
(1)宾语从句的否定转移。
在assume、believe、except、guess、imagine、suppose、think等动词后跟的that-宾语从句是否定式时,其谓语动词不用否定形式,而将否定句在主句中表现出来。
I don't think you are right.我认为你不对。
I don't believe that they've finished their work yet.我认为他们还没有完成工作。
He doesn't expect we need worry.他认为我们不必着急。
(2)当主句中的谓语动词是表示“提议、建议、命令、要求”等意义时,that引导的宾语从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气,形式为“should+v.”,should可省略。
He proposed that the engine should be repaired in time.他提出要及时修好发动机。
2.由if/whether引导的宾语从句,当主句的谓语动词是doubt“怀疑,不知道”时,若主句是肯定句,则接if/whether-从句;若主句是否定句或疑问句,则接that-从句。
I doubt whether it's true.我怀疑这是否是真的。 I doubt if that was what he wanted.我不知道那是不是他所需要的。
She never doubted for a moment that she was right.她从不怀疑自己是正确的。 Can you doubt that he will win 你能怀疑他会获胜吗?
注意:若doubt表“恐怕......不会”时,肯定句中也可接that-从句。 I doubt that John will come.恐怕约翰不会来。
3.if和whether的用法比较。
(1)当与or(not)连用时,通常用whether,不用if。
I wonder whether he will go himeself or send you.我不知道他亲自去还是派你去。
(2)当宾语从句位于主句之前时,通常用whether。
Whether this is true or not, I can't say.这是不是真的,我说不清。
(3)作介词宾语时,用whether。
It all depends on whether we can get their co-operation.这完全取决于我们能否得到他们的合作。
(4)与动词不定式连用时,用whether。
I don't know whether to accept or refuse.我不知道是接受还是拒绝。
【奇思巧计】
一是关键引导词,不同句词相异。
陈述句子用that,一般疑问if/whether替。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。
主现从不限,主过从必过,客观真理仍用现。
三是语序要记清,从句永远陈述序。
【知识导图】
【要点拓展】
1.连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句。
(1)连接代词:who、whom、whose、which、what,在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。
(2)连接副词:when、where、why、how,在从句中担任状语的成分。
2.当疑问词在句中作主语或主语的定语时,变为宾语从句时语序不变,但时态应作相应变化。如:
Who can answer the question The teacher asked.→The teacher asked who could answer the question.
Whose book is on the desk We want to know.→We want to know whose book is on the desk.
【奇思巧计】
一是关键引导词,不同句词相异。
陈述句子用that,一般疑问if/whether替。
特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。
主现从不限,主过从必过,客观真理仍用现。
三是语序要记清,从句永远陈述序(特殊疑问词或主语或主语的定语时除外)。
【真题链接】
一、单项选择
1.—I don’t know ________.
—Let’s ask the locals here.
A.when will the exam start B.if this is the right way to the station
C.where is he going D.why you didn’t show up
2.—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A.that we will have to put off the meeting B.if we would put off the meeting
C.whether we will put off the meeting D.where we will put off the meeting
3.—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________
—Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.
A.what Nantong Museum is like B.how far the Haohe River is
C.how I can get to Binjiang Park D.what I can see in the Wolf Hill
4.—I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________
—Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there.
A.where we can get some food quickly B.where can we get some food quickly
C.when we can get some food quickly D.when can we get some food quickly
5.—Miss Song, I haven’t decided _______.
—I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city.
A.how will I go to Suqian Museum
B.how I will go to Suqian Museum
C.whether will I go to Suqian Museum
D.whether I will go to Suqian Museum
6.—Could you tell me ______
—Sorry, I’ve never had a home robot before. Why not read the instructions first
A.where can I buy a home robot B.where I can buy a home robot
C.how can I turn the home robot on D.how I can turn the home robot on
7.—Do you know _____
—20-30 minutes, the experts suggest.
A.what we should eat for a meal B.where we should eat a meal
C.why we should not eat a meal too quickly D.how long we should spend eating a meal
8.To know ________ the mountain top looks like, you need to reach it.
A.what B.when C.where D.which
9.—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________
—It’s on sale, only 45 yuan. Do you like it
A.how much does the jacket cost B.how much the jacket costs
C.what was the price of the jacket D.whether the price of the jacket was high
10.—I wonder ________.
—Yes, it tastes really good.
A.who likes eating zongzi
B.if this kind of zongzi is delicious
C.where I can buy this kind of zongzi
D.how much we should pay for this kind of zongzi
11.We all know that light ________ faster than sound.
A.travels B.to travel C.travelling D.travelled
12.Our geography teacher told us that the earth ______ the sun.
A.went around B.goes around C.is going around D.was going around
13.—What did you learn in geography class yesterday
—I learned that the sun________ in the east.
A.was rising B.rises C.rose D.has risen
14.Miss Zhang wonders ________ next Monday.
A.where she will go swimming
B.where will she go swimming
C.where she would go swimming
D.where would she go swimming
15.I know you’ve bought a book about Mars. I wonder ________.
A.where can I buy one B.that it cost thirty-five yuan
C.when you will finish reading it D.who you will borrow one from
二、单词拼写
16.The teacher told us that the gravity on Mars (be) only about three-eighths of that on Earth.
17.The teacher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun.
18.Mr. Smith said he (attend)the meeting if he had time.
19.Don’t worry. Hobo is a smart dog and I’m sure he (come) back soon.
20.—Look, here is a Harry Potter. I’m wondering w book it is.
—It must be Mary’s. J. K. Rowling is her favorite writer.
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B C A A D D D A B B
题号 11 12 13 14 15
答案 A B B A C
1.B
【详解】句意:——我不知道这是不是去车站的路。——让我们问问当地人。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除AC;根据“Let’s ask the locals here.”并结合选项可知,是不知道这是不是去车站的路。故选B。
2.C
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,你能告诉我是否推迟会议吗?——对不起,我不知道。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述语序。根据“could you tell me”可知,想知道是否推迟会议,引导词用if或whether表示“是否”,排除A和D选项。主句中的could表示委婉语气不表示过去时态,推迟会议发生在将来,故用一般将来时态(will +do),选项B是过去将来时(would +do),故排除B。故选C。
3.A
【详解】句意:——林太太,我是新来的。你能告诉我南通博物馆是什么样子的吗?——当然。它有着悠久的历史,看起来很有吸引力。
考查宾语从句和情景交际。what Nantong Museum is like南通博物馆是什么样子的;how far the Haohe River is浩河有多远;how I can get to Binjiang Park我怎么去滨江公园;what I can see in the Wolf Hill我在狼山看到了什么。根据“Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.”以及选项可知,此处应是询问南通博物馆是什么样子,选项A符合。故选A。
4.A
【详解】句意:——Amy,我非常饿。你知道我们在哪里可以快速弄到吃的吗?——当然!我建议去那边的阳光快餐店。
考查宾语从句。know后面是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除B和D选项。根据“I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there”可知,询问地点用where引导宾语从句,故选A。
5.D
【详解】句意:——宋小姐,我还没决定是否去宿迁博物馆。——我真的希望你能去参观。这是了解我们城市历史的好机会。
考查宾语从句。how will I go to Suqian Museum我怎么去宿迁博物馆,疑问语序;how I will go to Suqian Museum我怎么去宿迁博物馆,陈述语序;whether will I go to Suqian Museum我是否会去宿迁博物馆,疑问语序;whether I will go to Suqian Museum我是否会去宿迁博物馆,陈述语序。此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除AC;根据答语“I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city.”可知,还没决定是否去,故选D。
6.D
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我怎样启动家用机器人吗?——对不起,我以前从来没有过家用机器人。为什么不先看看说明书呢?
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除AC选项;再根据“Why not read the instructions first ”可知,建议看说明书,说明问句是问如何启动家用机器人,用how引导宾语从句。故选D。
7.D
【详解】句意:——你知道我们应该花多长时间吃一顿饭吗?——20至30分钟,专家建议。
考查宾语从句。what we should eat for a meal我们一顿饭应该吃什么;where we should eat a meal我们应该在哪里吃饭;why we should not eat a meal too quickly为什么我们不应该吃得太快;how long we should spend eating a meal我们应该花多长时间吃一顿饭。答语“20-30 minutes”表时间段,故用how long引导宾语从句。故选D。
8.A
【详解】句意:要想知道山顶是什么样子,你需要到达它。
考查宾语从句。what什么;when什么时候;where哪里;which哪一个。分析句子可知,此处指想知道山顶是什么样子,应用what引导宾语从句。故选A。
9.B
【详解】句意:——对不起,你能告诉我这件夹克多少钱吗?——它在搞特价,只要45元。你喜欢吗?
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除AC;根据答语“It’s on sale, only 45 yuan.”可知,是对价格提问,用how much,故选B。
10.B
【详解】句意:——我想知道这种粽子好吃吗。——好吃,味道很好。
考查宾语从句。who likes eating zongzi谁喜欢吃粽子;if this kind of zongzi is delicious这种粽子是否好吃;where I can buy this kind of zongzi我在哪里可以买到这种粽子;how much we should pay for this kind of zongzi这种粽子我们该付多少钱。根据答语“Yes, it tastes really good.”可知,想知道这种粽子是否好吃,故选B。
11.A
【详解】句意:我们都知道光比声音传播得快。
考查宾语从句中动词的时态。“光比声音传播得快”是一个客观事实。故宾语从句要用一般现在时。light是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词也用单数形式。故选A。
12.B
【详解】句意:我们的地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
考查时态。分析句子可知,句子是宾语从句,从句是客观真理,用一般现在时,主语是the earth,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
13.B
【详解】句意:——你昨天在地理课学了什么?——我学习了太阳从东方升起。
考查宾语从句。本句是宾语从句,从句陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,故选B。
14.A
【详解】句意:张小姐想知道下周一她将去哪里游泳。
考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句用陈述语序,排除B/D选项。主句是一般现在时,宾语从句遵循“主现从不限”,从句中含有标志词“next Monday”,需用一般将来时。故选A。
15.C
【详解】句意:我知道你买了一本关于火星的书。我想知道你什么时候能看完。
考查宾语从句。where can I buy one我在哪里可以买到;that it cost thirty-five yuan它花了35元钱;when you will finish reading it你什么时候读完它;who you will borrow one from你要向谁借。此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除A;根据“wonder”可知,是想知道某事,B项不符合语境;根据“I know you’ve bought a book about Mars.”可知,是买的书,不是借的,D项语意不符。故选C。
16.is
【详解】句意:老师告诉我们,火星上的重力只有地球上重力的八分之三。句子含宾语从句,从句描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语“the gravity”是第三人称单数,be动词用is。故填is。
17.travels
【详解】句意:老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳转。空格是宾语从句的谓语动词,从句陈述的是科学事实,所以时态只能用一般现在时,主语是“the earth”,所以谓语动词用三单形式,故填travels。
18.would attend
【详解】句意:史密斯先生说如果有时间他会参加会议。if引导的条件状语从句中,时态遵循“主将从现”的原则,空处所在的主语要用一般将来时,而此处是宾语从句,主语是过去时,从句要用过去的时态,应把一般将来时改成过去将来时,故填would attend。
19.will come
【详解】句意:别担心。 霍波是只聪明的狗,我相信他很快就会回来的。
根据空前的I’m sure可知,本句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句,主句为一般现在时,所以从句时态不受限制;根据空后的soon结合所提供单词可知,从句应该是一般将来时,所以动词用一般将来形式will come。故答案为will come。
20.(w)hose
【详解】句意:——看,这是一本《哈利波特》。我想知道这是谁的书。——一定是玛丽的。罗琳是她最喜欢的作家。根据“It must be Mary’s”可知此处询问是谁的书,用whose“谁的”。故填(w)hose