UNIT 12 INNOVATION LESSON 1课件（共34张，内嵌视频）-高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册

(共34张PPT)
LESSON 1 SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS
UNIT 12 INNOVATION
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
To read and talk about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century;
To read for general understanding;
To read for specific information to understand words in context;
To understand and learn words and expressions in context;
To compare personal opinions with the ideas of others;
To write a summary of an important discovery or invention;
To learn and practise using adjectives.
KEY POINTS AND DIFFICULT POINTS
To answer the comprehension questions;
To think about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century;
To match the discoveries or inventions with how they came about;
To struggle with complicated sentence structures;
To think critically and express opinions freely;
To compare personal opinions with the ideas of others.
What are their inventions or discoveries
Eckert and Mauchly
first computer (1946)
Tim Berners-Lee
World Wide Web (1990)
Alexander Fleming
penicillin (1929)
Albert Einstein
E=mc2 theory (1905)
LEADING IN
READ AND EXPLORE
Write T (true), F (false) or NI (no information) in brackets.
(　　) 1. It is not easy to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century.
(　　) 2. An atom is the smallest particle of matter.
(　　) 3. Einstein was at work when he thought of the equation “E = mc ”.
(　　) 4. Einstein participated in the programme that developed the nuclear bomb.
(　　) 5. Einstein observed changes in time, size and mass.
T
F
F
NI
T
READ AND EXPLORE
Write T (true), F (false) or NI (no information) in brackets.
(　　) 6. Fleming had been studying bacteria in his laboratory when the discovery happened.
(　　) 7. Fleming developed the process of making penicillin.
(　　) 8. The first computer project failed to meet its original goal.
(　　) 9. The first computer was extremely difficult to programme.
(　　) puters could not connect to each other before 1990.
F
NI
T
NI
F
READ AND EXPLORE
Read the passage. Answer the following questions.
1. What’s the main idea of the first paragraph
A. People have made amazing discoveries in medicine, communication and transport.
B. It is hard to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century.
C. Scientists have found how to split the atom.
D. The world has changed completely.
√
READ AND EXPLORE
Read the passage. Answer the following questions.
2. What makes it hard to single out the most important discovery
A. All the discoveries are not kept on record.
B. There are too many important advances in our life.
C. The discoveries have had little effect on the quality of human life.
D. The world has changed completely and our knowledge of the world is limited.
√
READ AND EXPLORE
Read the passage. Answer the following questions.
3. How is this part of the passage developed
A. By analyzing the causes and effects.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By listing some examples.
D. By the order of importance.
√
READ AND EXPLORE
Read the passage. Answer the following questions.
4. What does “E=mc ” lead people to believe
A. We can travel to outer space at great spead.
B. Something in nature can kill deadly bacteria.
C. A small piece of mass can produce huge amounts of energy.
D. The smallest particle in nature remains undiscovered.
√
READ AND EXPLORE
Read the passage. Answer the following questions.
5. What was the first computer originally designed to do
A. To make people around the world connected.
B. To deliver medical messages more efficiently.
C. To get an advantage over others in the Cold War.
D. To help the US Navy solve their military problem.
√
READ AND EXPLORE
Read the passage. Answer the following questions.
6. How is Para. 6 organized
A. In order of time. B. In order of space.
C. In order of preference. D. In order of character.
7. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Education. B. History.
C. Science. D. Entertainment.
√
√
READ AND EXPLORE
Read Part 1 and tell what inventions/discoveries are mentioned in this part.
Amazing discoveries
medicine
communications
transport
other knowledge
READ AND EXPLORE
Do you know the change in communication
READ AND EXPLORE
Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to single out a few pioneers of the 20th century. Here are some of them.
What function does Para. 2 play in the text
Transition
It serves as a connection link between the preceding and the following.
READ AND EXPLORE
This huge machine was the world’s first computer, but
it was nothing like our computers today.
What is the meaning of the underlined part
It means that the world’s first computer is completely different from the one we use today.
READ AND EXPLORE
Read Part 3 and tell:
Why did these pioneers do scientific research
What is the significance of pioneers’ breakthroughs
These pioneers of the 20th century were all dedicated to improving the quality of human life on Earth. Human life on this planet has been transformed into a "global village", with all the different countries linked in the chain of common 60 interests. There is no doubt about it. Without the breakthroughs of these
pioneers in science and technology, whether lucky or planned, the world as we know it today would be a completely different place.
READ AND EXPLORE
Read the last paragraph and complete the conclusion.
These pioneers were all dedicated to improving _____________________________ on Earth. Thanks to the breakthroughs of these pioneers in
____________________________, we can enjoy a modern life today.
the quality of human life
science and technology
Group Work Think and share.
READ AND EXPLORE
1. Which discovery or invention mentioned in the text has been the most important so far Why
Example 1: I think the invention of World Wide Web has been the most important so far, because it is of great practical significance for most people. Life without it is unimaginable.
Group Work Think and share.
READ AND EXPLORE
1. Which discovery or invention mentioned in the text has been the most important so far Why
Example 2: I think penicillin has been the most important discovery so far because it has saved millions of lives around the world. For example, in WWII, many soldiers got wounded. Penicillin was useful in keeping wounds from getting infected and helping to speed the healing process of those wounds that did become infected.
Group Work Think and share.
READ AND EXPLORE
2. Which discovery or invention will most influence the future Why
Example 1: I think E=mc will most influence the future. Because with the decreases in natural resources, energy problem has become more serious than ever. E=mc provides theoretical basis for future research.
Group Work Think and share.
READ AND EXPLORE
2. Which discovery or invention will most influence the future Why
Example 2: In my opinion, the Internet will most influence the future. Without Internet, we might not immediately have access to the latest news or materials. For example, in the educational field, people share lessons and other educational resources on the Internet, which makes it possible for students in remote areas to get educated, and promotes fair education as well.
Group Work Think and share.
Line 12: Although... Here are some of them.
Line 15: One of the 20th century's premier scientists was...
Line 24: ...another important finding...
Line 34: ...when Fleming's discovery was...
Line 49: With the development of computers...
Line 57: These pioneers...
READ AND EXPLORE
3. How did the writer connect the paragraphs Circle the signal words or phrases.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words below.
I really don't know what I want to do when I leave school. My dad is a computer engineer working on the improvement of the 1. _________________ of the Navy's 2. _______________. I would like to follow in his footsteps, but then I'd have to sit in
accuracy
missiles
READ AND EXPLORE
orbit missile enable launch accuracy
scientific microscope inventor biologist
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words below.
front of a computer all day. My mum is a 3. ________________, but it seems to me that all she does is looking at bacteria through a 4. ___________________. All that stuff about 5. ___________________ findings that save people's lives is pretty interesting, but I think I might be more interested in studying medicine. But then again, my uncle is a scientist and he is
biologist
microscope
READ AND EXPLORE
scientific
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words below.
always talking about 6. ________________ satellites into 7. ___________. I find this very exciting. I know what I want to be! I could be an 8. _______________! I could come up with hundreds of inventions that will 9. ____________ people to live better lives. But...I don't think there's a university course for inventors. Maybe I should just find out what I really like first.
launching
orbit
READ AND EXPLORE
inventor
enable
VOCABULARY
1. efficiently
efficient adj. 效率高的
the efficient use of energy 能源的有效利用
fuel-efficient cars 节能汽车
efficiency n. 效率 with efficiency 高效地
练习：We can arrange time ______________ and know how long a single task will take.
efficiently
VOCABULARY
2. propose
propose to do/ doing 打算做某事 ; 打算
propose a toast 敬酒；举杯
proposal n. 提议；建议
make/ submit/ accept/ reject a proposal 提出/ 提交/ 接受/ 拒绝一项提议
练习：He resolutely ______________ investing in the property market.
proposes
VOCABULARY
3. figure out
a leading/ key/ central figure 领军/ 关键/ 核心人物
keep one’s figure 保持身材
a tall figure in a hat 一个戴帽子的高个子人影
a five-sided figure 五边形
练习：I have ___________________ the procedure of complaint.
figured out
VOCABULARY
4. range from
range from A to B 包括从A 到B 之间的各类事物
range between A and B 在A 和B 之间变化
a range of 一系列
within/in range (of sth.) 在（……）可及的范围内
out of range (of sth.) 超出（……）范围
练习：The national park has a large collection of wildlife, 　　　　 　 ________________ from butterflies to elephants.
ranging
PRACTICE
1. To work more _______________ (efficient), the representative has adopted a different approach.
2. He _______________ (propose) that businesses should pay taxes to the federal government.
3. He couldn’t _______________ out all the money he invested in his son’s company.
4. She has had a number of different temporary jobs, _______________ (range) from chef to swimming instructor.
efficiently
proposes
figure
ranging
SUMMARY
Read and talk about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century;
Read for general understanding;
Read for specific information to understand words in context;
Understand and learn words and expressions in context;
Compare personal opinions with the ideas of others;
Write a summary of an important discovery or invention;
Learn and practise using adjectives.
Thank you