UNIT 12 INNOVATION LESSON 1课件（共31张，内嵌视频）-高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册

(共31张PPT)
LESSON 1 SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS
UNIT 12 INNOVATION
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
To read and talk about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century;
To read for general understanding;
To read for specific information to understand words in context;
To understand and learn words and expressions in context;
To compare personal opinions with the ideas of others;
To write a summary of an important discovery or invention;
To learn and practise using adjectives.
KEY POINTS AND DIFFICULT POINTS
To answer the comprehension questions;
To think about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century;
To match the discoveries or inventions with how they came about;
To struggle with complicated sentence structures;
To think critically and express opinions freely;
To compare personal opinions with the ideas of others.
Can you name these inventors and their inventions or discoveries
LEADING IN
Yuan Longping
Hybrid Rice (1972)
J.L.Baird
Television (1926)
Balzer Von Platen &
Carls Munters
Refrigerator (1923)
Can you name these inventors and their inventions or discoveries
LEADING IN
Martin Cooper
Mobile phone (1973)
Wright Brothers
Airplane (1903)
Robert Watson Wat
Rader (1935)
READ AND EXPLORE
What we call a “scientific breakthrough” is most likely the result of a prepared mind, hard work, historical context, public need, and so on.
What do you think makes a scientific breakthrough
READ AND EXPLORE
What qualities does an inventor/a discoverer need
What can you learn from them
* be open-minded and imaginative
* be creative and curious
* be brave and determined
* be intelligent and diligent
* be adaptable and knowledgeable
* be persistent and passionate
* be humble and modest
READ AND EXPLORE
What qualities does an inventor/a discoverer need
What can you learn from them
* be good at observing and capturing small details
* be willing to learn constantly
* think critically and independently
* think outside the box and see the world differently
...
Group Work Each member writes a short summary about one of the discoveries or inventions from the following aspects. Then share with other members. The whole group works together to edit the summaries before putting them together to make a poster.
READ AND EXPLORE
inventor
purpose
process
inventions
Group Work Each member writes a short summary about one of the discoveries or inventions from the following aspects.
READ AND EXPLORE
Sample: I want to talk about the discovery of penicillin, which could be used to kill bacteria and help to save the lives of millions. In 1929, a famous biologist named Alexander Fleming discovered it by chance. One day, after he returned from his holiday, he noticed something strange happened to a dish of bacteria in his lab. He found a blue
Group Work Each member writes a short summary about one of the discoveries or inventions from the following aspects.
READ AND EXPLORE
mould in the dish and around it the bacteria had been destroyed. He then double-checked it, and did many experiments and finally proved that the mould could kill bacteria. This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin. A few years later, penicillin was being mass-produced and saved many people’s lives.
READ AND EXPLORE
How is the passage developed
Introduction: If ... choose the single most important discovery...,
...have a real problem
Transition: Although...impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to...
One of the ...premier scientists was...
Another important finding was...
When Fleming’s discovery was ...,
the world’s 1st computer…
With the development of computers,...
Conclusion: These pioneers …dedicated to improving the quality of human life...
The passage is developed in a coherent way.
READ AND EXPLORE
Complete the summary with the correct form of the words below.
If you had to choose the single most important 1. ________________ (discover) of the 20th century, you would have a real problem on your hands. In just 100 years, the world 2. ___________________ (change) completely. Amazing discoveries were made in different areas. Here are some great pioneers in science of the 20th century.
discovery
has changed
READ AND EXPLORE
Complete the summary with the correct form of the words below.
One of the 20th century’s premier scientists was Albert Einstein. He found “E＝ mc2”. He also 3. _________________ (propose) “theory of relativity”. In 1928, another important finding—penicillin was discovered by biologist Alexander Fleming. However, he was humble about the 4. ______________ (amaze) outcome of his discovery.
proposed
amazing
READ AND EXPLORE
Complete the summary with the correct form of the words below.
What’s more, Eckert, an engineer, and Mauchly, a physicist, in a joint effort, invented the world’s first computer. 5. ___________ the development of computers, people expected to get more things done 6. ___________________ (efficient). During the Cold War, a “huge network” of computers was proposed by two American scientists. But in
With
efficiently
READ AND EXPLORE
Complete the summary with the correct form of the words below.
1990, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, 7. ____________ enabled computers all over the world to communicate with each other.
With these 8. _____________ (pioneer) of the 20th century dedicated to 9. _______________ (improve) the quality of human life on Earth, human life has been transformed into 10. _________ “global village”．
which
pioneers
improving
a
EXPRESS YOURSELF
Search online to find the major discoveries and inventions of the 21th century. Which do you think is the most important Why
EXPRESS YOURSELF
Sample
Virtual reality, or VR, has brought scenarios once seen in the field of science fiction, into real life. Using VR goggles, users can be transported anywhere to experience whatever they want.
VR can be widely used in artificial intelligence, education and training,
EXPRESS YOURSELF
Sample
medicine, gaming and tourism. It’s the most important invent, I think.
But I also feared the potential risk of some
people choosing to spend most of their time
in this fantasy world to escape their humdrum existence and real human contact.
EXPRESS YOURSELF
Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower.
—Steve Jobs
Every once in a while, a new technology, an old problem, and a big idea turn into an innovation.
— William James
Intelligence is the ability to adapt to change.
— Stephen Hawking
I am one of those who think like Nobel that humanity will draw more good than evil from new discoveries.
— Marie Curie
LANGUAGE POINTS
1. Amazing discoveries were made in medicine, communications and transport, not to mention our knowledge of the world and space.
not to mention 更不用说
He knows French and German, not to mention English.
他熟悉法语和德语，更不用说英语了。
He knows little about the technique, not to mention making innovation in it.
他对这项技术知之甚少，更不用说对它创新了。
LANGUAGE POINTS
1. Amazing discoveries were made in medicine, communications and transport, not to mention our knowledge of the world and space.
not to mention 更不用说
近义词组：let alone
The baby can’t even sit up yet,let alone walk.
这个婴儿甚至都不会坐，更不用说走了。
The doll-like figures in these stories are unlike anybody, let alone oneself.
这些故事中的玩偶形象跟谁都不像，更不用说像自己了。
LANGUAGE POINTS
2. During the Cold War, a “huge network” of computers was proposed by two American scientists.
propose v. → proposal n. 建议
v. +-al 构成抽象名词
survive v. → survival n. 幸存 remove v. → removal n. 移动
arrive v. → arrival n. 到达 refuse v. → refusal n. 拒绝
approve v. → approval n. 赞成
At last, he turned down my proposal that we should invest more money in the factory in the countryside.
最后，他拒绝了我提出的增加农村工厂投资的建议。
LANGUAGE POINTS
3. ...at the same time, scientists figured out how to split the atom.
疑问词+ 动词不定式
How to increase the work efficiency is very important.
如何提高工作效率非常重要。
（1）可用于该结构的疑问词
疑问代词：who, whom, what, which
疑问副词：when, where, how
疑问词：whether
（2）常接该结构的动词：know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, explain, learn, wonder 等。
LANGUAGE POINTS
3. ...at the same time, scientists figured out how to split the atom.
疑问词+ 动词不定式
（3）该结构在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。
When to decorate the house hasn’t been decided.
什么时候装修房子还不确定。（作主语）
They didn’t decide whether to tell the old lady the news.
他们没有决定是否告诉那位老太太这个消息。（作宾语）
The question is how to take apart the machine.
问题是如何拆卸这台机器。（作表语）
LANGUAGE POINTS
4. Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology, whether lucky or planned, the world as we know it today would be a completely different place.
本句是一个复合句，as引导方式状语从句；其中Without the breakthroughs... 为含蓄虚拟条件，相当于if 引导的虚拟条件句。
含蓄虚拟条件
有时虚拟的条件并不是直接通过if条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语，如 without, with, but, but for, otherwise, or 等，或通过上下文暗示。
Without your advice, I would have failed.
没有你的忠告，我早就失败了。
LANGUAGE POINTS
4. Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology, whether lucky or planned, the world as we know it today would be a completely different place.
含蓄虚拟条件
But for your help, I wouldn’t have made such a great scientific breakthrough.
要不是你的帮助，我不会有一个这么大的科学突破。
He was ill yesterday. Otherwise, he would have donated blood to the poor girl.
他昨天病了，否则他就会给那个可怜的女孩献血了。
PRACTICE
1. The audience, not to _______________ the bewildered cast, were not amused.
2. All research _______________ (proposal) must be accompanied by a full motivation.
3. Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _______________ to read fast.
4. Without your help, we would _______________ (run) out of petrol halfway.
mention
proposals
how
have run
SUMMARY
Read and talk about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century;
Read for general understanding;
Read for specific information to understand words in context;
Understand and learn words and expressions in context;
Compare personal opinions with the ideas of others;
Write a summary of an important discovery or invention;
Learn and practise using adjectives.
Thank you