UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE WRITING WORKSHOP课件（共41张，内嵌视频）-高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册

(共41张PPT)
WRITING WORKSHOP
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
To read and talk about writing an opinion essay;
To understand the structure of an opinion essay;
To identify the writing skills used in an opinion essay;
To read for general understanding;
To read for specific information and deep understanding;
To compare personal opinions with the ideas of others;
To understand and learn words and expressions in context;
To write an opinion essay.
KEY POINTS AND DIFFICULT POINTS
More time is needed to write an opinion essay;
To analyse the the structure of an opinion essay;
To answer the comprehension questions;
To get general idea and key information in the text;
To struggle with sentence construction and spelling;
To struggle with grammar rules and usage;
To compose writing through outlining, drafting and editing.
LEADING IN
What do you think of these foods Do you like them
Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned
GET READY FOR WRITING
Group Work You are going to write an opinion essay on a topic of your interest.
· Discuss in groups and choose a topic.
· Find out every group member’s opinion about the topic. Then brainstorm possible reasons for or against the topic.
Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned
In many countries, there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes. In my opinion, we should go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol and fried food.
“PubNet” has put forward the topic, “Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned ” They invite the public to offer their opinions. Read one of the essays and find out the writer’s opinion and the supporting reasons provided.
READ FOR WRITING
Undoubtedly, unhealthy products harm our health. It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. The rate of obesity has increased greatly. In some countries, it is second only to smoking as a cause of death. In addition, drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases. If children see fewer advertisements on TV of people doing these activities, they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour.
A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax.
READ FOR WRITING
However, surely this is a false argument. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses, such as those that improve our environment. Furthermore, it is not right to make money from activities which harm human health.
To conclude, laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society. They help to save lives and improve the health of a nation.
READ FOR WRITING
Read the essay. Answer the questions.
READ FOR WRITING
1. What is the author's opinion Why does the author think so
The author thinks it’s necessary to go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products.
In his opinion, unhealthy products harm a person’s health.
Read the essay. Answer the questions.
READ FOR WRITING
2. Why does the author think that TV advertisements for unhealthy products be banned
· Undoubtedly, unhealthy products harm our health.
· A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. However, surely this is a false argument.
Read the essay. Answer the questions.
READ FOR WRITING
3. What facts or examples does the author use to support his/her reasons
Fast food
The rate of obesity has increased greatly.
In some countries, it is second only to smoking as a cause of death.
Drinking alcohol
Drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases.
Children may copy the behavior in the ads and drink alcohol.
Read the essay. Answer the questions.
READ FOR WRITING
4. What facts does the author include to support his/her idea
The rate of obesity has increased greatly.
In some countries, it is second only to smoking as a cause of death.
In addition, drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases.
unhealthy products harm our health
Read the essay. Answer the questions.
READ FOR WRITING
5. How does the author argue for his idea in paragraph 3
The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses, such as those that improve our environment.
Furthermore, it is not right to make money from activities which harm human health.
the idea that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax is a false argument
Read the essay. Answer the questions.
READ FOR WRITING
6. Why are some people against banning advertisements for unhealthy products
They hold the view that making the unhealthy products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax.
Read the essay. Answer the questions.
READ FOR WRITING
7. What is the author's conclusion
The author concludes that laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society.
READ FOR WRITING
Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned
To ban advertisements for any unhealthy products
...unhealthy products harm our health.
...the idea that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amount of tax is a false argument.
The money invested ...
... It is not right ...
The rate of obesity ...
In some countries ...
...drinking alcohol results in ...
laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society
Read the essay again and figure out the main idea of each paragraph.
READ FOR WRITING
Para 1
We should ban ads for any unhealthy products.
Para 2
Unhealthy products harm our health.
Para 3
The opinion that making unhealthy products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax doesn’t make sense.
Para 4
Laws to ban TV ads for unhealthy products are beneficial.
Apart from making laws to ban advertisements for unhealthy products, what other measures can be adopted to reduce their influence on kids
READ FOR WRITING
Help children understand the main goal of advertising: for companies to make money by getting you to buy their product.
Explain that marketing isn’t always honest and encourage them to question things.
Practice co-viewing with your kids.
Reduce screen time.
VOCABULARY
1. ban
a ban on... 关于……的禁令
impose/ lift a ban 颁布/ 解除禁令
“禁止，阻止”常用“动词+ 宾语+from doing sth”结构，forbid还可用于“动词+宾语+to do sth”结构。
ban/ stop/ keep/ prevent sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
练习：Endless assignments should be _________ in all schools.
banned
VOCABULARY
2. harm
harmful adj. 有害的；能造成损害的
harmless adj. 无害的；无恶意的
do harm to sb. /sth. 有害于某人/ 某物
there is no harm in (one's) doing sth. (某人)做某事并无害处
= it does no harm (for sb.) to do sth.
练习：The accident could have been much worse; luckily no ____________ was done.
harm
VOCABULARY
3. desirable
desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望，渴求；希望得到；想要
have a strong desire to do sth. 迫切想要做某事
have a strong desire for sth. 有得到某物的强烈欲望
desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb to do sth. 想要某人做某事
desire that...(should) do sth. 渴望……做某事
练习：It is most ____________ that he should attend the forum.
desirable
VOCABULARY
4. invest
invest (sth.) in... 对……投资（以获得利润）
invest (sth.) in/on...（政府、企业或机构）把（资金）投入……
invest sth. in sth. 投入（时间、精力等）在某事上
invest sth. (in) doing sth. 投入（时间、精力等）做某事
练习：The government _______________________ heavily in public transport.
has invested
VOCABULARY
5. conclude
conclude...from... 从……中推断出……
conclude (...) with... 以……结束 (……) to conclude 总之
conclusion n. 结局；结论，推论
arrive at/ come to/ reach/ draw a conclusion 得出结论
jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论 in conclusion 最后；总之
练习：I _______________ from his words that he was against the plan.
concluded
VOCABULARY
6. beneficial
be beneficial to 对……有益
benefit v. 使受益；得益于 n. 益处，好处
be beneficial to = be of benefit to = benefit 对……有益
benefit from/ by 从……中受益，受益于……
for the benefit of 为了
练习：Mr. Smith guaranteed it was a mutually _____________ agreement.
beneficial
VOCABULARY
7. large amounts of
large/ small amounts of + 不可数名词+ 复数谓语动词
a large/ small amount of + 不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词
a good/ great deal of + 不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词
a good/ great many + 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词
a large/ great number of + 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词
quite a few + 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词
练习：A ____________________ money was spent on the celebrations.
large amount of
LANGUAGE POINTS
1. ...they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour.
Sb be likely to do sth.意为“某人可能做某事”，
可与“It’s likely that sb do(es) sth.”作同义转换。
She is likely to adopt that child.
= It’s likely that she adopts that child.
她可能收养那个孩子。
“It’s likely that sb do(es) sth.”结构中，It 是形式主语，替代 that 从句。
辨析likely，possible 与 probable
可能性大小：probable > likely > possible
LANGUAGE POINTS
1. ...they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour.
表示“某人可能做某事”:
Sb. be likely to do sth.
It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.
It is likely/ possible/ probable + that sb...
她有可能通过这次考试。
She is likely to pass the exam.
It is possible for her to pass the exam.
It is likely/possible/probable that she will pass the exam.
LANGUAGE POINTS
2. A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax.
此句为主从复合句，why 引导定语从句，that 引导表语 从句。此句式常遵循“The reason why...is that...”结构，意为“…… 的原因是……”。
表语从句的特殊句式
（1）The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……（why 引导定语从句， 修饰 the reason，that 引导表语从句）
The reason why he didn’t come is that he had not received the invitation.
他没来的原因是他没有收到请柬。
LANGUAGE POINTS
2. A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax.
表语从句的特殊句式
（2）This/That/It is because... 这 / 那是因为……（because 引导表语 从句，从句表原因）
The woman was weeping bitterly. That’s because her son was drowned in a river.
那个女人痛哭流涕，那是因为她的儿子在河中溺亡了。
If you're not building a future, that's because you don't believe there is a future.
如果你不努力创造未来，那是因为你不相信未来的存在。
LANGUAGE POINTS
2. A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax.
表语从句的特殊句式
（3）This/That/It is why... 这 / 那就是……的原因。（why 引导表语 从句，从句表结果）
The woman’s son was drowned in a river. That’s why she was weeping bitterly.
那个女人的儿子在河中溺亡了，那就是她痛哭流涕的原因。
I've failed over and over again in my life. And that’s why I succeed.
我这辈子失败了无数次，而这也正是我成功的原因。
LANGUAGE POINTS
3. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses, such as those that improve our environment.
句子主干为The money...could be used for more worthwhile businesses，其中invested in making these unhealthy products 为过去分词短语作定语。
过去分词（短语）作定语
过去分词（短语）作定语时的位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，常放在被修饰词之后， 它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
LANGUAGE POINTS
3. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses, such as those that improve our environment.
过去分词（短语）作定语
I was requested to carry out a plan supported by most people.
= I was requested to carry out a plan which was supported by most people.
我被要求执行一个大多数人支持的计划。
LANGUAGE POINTS
3. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses, such as those that improve our environment.
过去分词（短语）作定语
（1）有些单个的过去分词，在习惯上往往放在被修饰词之后。
There is little time left. Let’s hurry up.
剩余的时间不多了，我们抓紧吧。
（2）过去分词修饰代词时，应放在被修饰词之后。
He is one of those invited. 他是那些受邀者之一。
LANGUAGE POINTS
3. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses, such as those that improve our environment.
过去分词（短语）作定语
（3）有些过去分词作定语，前置和后置的意义不同。试比较：
This is a used car.
这是一辆二手车。
The method used is very efficient.
所用的这个方法很有效。
LANGUAGE POINTS
3. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses, such as those that improve our environment.
过去分词（短语）作定语
过去分词作定语的意义
（1）不及物动词：只表示完成，不表示被动
a retired teacher 退休教师　　
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起的太阳
LANGUAGE POINTS
3. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses, such as those that improve our environment.
过去分词作定语的意义
（2）及物动词：表示被动和完成
an honoured guest 一位受尊敬的客人
deeply moved people 深受感动的人们
the broken glass 碎了的杯子
the question discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题
PRACTICE
1. He has been banned _______________ (ban) from competing in games for half a year, which brings him a lot of stress.
2. As we all know, eating fried food frequently is _______________ (harm) to your health.
3. Following the divorce last month, the lady _______________ to open a small grocery of her own.
4. With more forests being destroyed, a large amount of good earth _______________ (be) being washed away each year
banned
harmful
desired
is
PRACTICE
5. Now is a good time to _______________ (invest) in the property market.
6. The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its _______________ (conclude) are doubtful. .
7. Students who _______________ (beneficial) from the loan supporting their study decide to reward their country after graduation.
8. Education is the best way ______________ (invest) in the future. 　　 　　　　　 　　
invest
conclusions
benefit
to invest
SUMMARY
Learn how to write an opinion essay;
Understand and analyse the structure of an opinion essay;
Identify the writing skills used in an opinion essay;
Get general understanding and specific information;
Learn about and practice words and expressions in context;
Write with correct sentence construction and spelling;
Compose writing through outlining, drafting and editing.
Thank you