2025山东高考英语特供秘卷（二）（原卷版）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Think back to the last time you wrote down a quick note or made a grocery list. Chances are that it wasn’t with pen and paper. Over the past decade, keyboards and screens have quietly replaced handwriting in our daily routines, from classrooms to office meetings. Yet, research shows that putting pen to paper offers cognitive(认知) benefits that digital tools can’t match.
“Statistically most studies on the relationship between handwriting and memory show that people are better at remembering things that they have written down than on a computer,” says Naomi Susan Baron, a professor of linguistics at American University in Washington D．C． From improved memory retention(保留) to enhanced learning outcomes, here’s how maintaining the art of handwriting can significantly impact how we absorb and keep information.
The benefits of writing by hand can partly owe to the engagement of multiple senses in the writing process. “Holding a pen with our fingers, pressing it on a surface, and moving our hands to create letters and words is a complex thinking and movement skill that requires a lot of our attention,” says Mellissa Prunty from Brunel University, who has researched the relationship between handwriting and learning.
“This deeper level of processing, which involves mapping sounds to letter formations, has been shown to support reading and spelling in children,” Prunty continues. The physical act of writing helps strengthen memory and improve learning outcomes, making it an important tool for educational growth.
Adults also benefit from the labor-intensive(劳动密集型) nature of handwriting. A study involving 42 adults learning Arabie found that participants who learned letters by writing them down by hand were quicker to recognize them, had an easier time naming them, and were better at sounding the newly learned letters out compared with people who were asked to learn the new characters by typing or by just looking at them.
“We think that our results can be partly explained by how handwriting activates different pathways to the same concept,” says Robert Wiley, a professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina Greensboro and co-author of the study. “Handwriting can activate more connections across these different aspects compared with typing,” he says.
1．Why is handwriting better for remembering things compared to typing
A．Handwriting is more visually appealing.
B．Handwriting is more fun and enjoyable.
C．Typing is too fast and makes it hard to concentrate.
D．Handwriting engages many senses and requires more attention.
2．What’s a good thing about handwriting for kids according to Mellissa Prunty
A．It helps them to focus better. B．It makes learning more entertaining.
C．It improves their fine movement skills. D．It supports reading and spelling.
3．What’s the main finding of the study involving 42 adults learning Arabic
A．Adults preferred typing to handwriting.
B．Handwriting helped adults to learn Arabic faster.
C．Typing new characters was the best way to learn.
D．Handwriting did not improve memory retention.
4．What would be the best title for the text
A．The Benefits of Handwriting.
B．The Decline of Handwriting.
C．How to Improve Memory through Handwriting.
D．The Difference Between Handwriting and Typing.
B
Be a leader in environmental science and engineering through the NEMS programme
NEWRI Environmental Master of Science(NEMS) is a primary graduate education and research programme conducted by Nanyang Technological University’s (NTU’s) NEWRI, with summer attachment at Stanford University. It aims to train engineers and scientists to meet the increasing environmental challenges for Asia and the wider region. NEWRI-Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute NEWRI is enabling Singapore to be a global center of environmental science and technology in providing technological solutions to the world. It is committed to environmental and water technologies through its ecosystem of education, research and developmental activities. NEWRI is trying its best to pull together NTU’s water and environment-related centres and institutes, gathering one another’s strengths for the benefit of industry and society.
Master of Science Applications ● Applications open now and close on 30 May 2012 for Singapore applicants. ● Graduates having relevant engineering or science background, including final-year students, are invited to apply. ● Applicants are required to have a certificate of GRE. Further information and application materials are available at the Website: http:// www. Cee.ntu.edu.sg/Graduate/NEMS
Highlights of Programme: ★ Students spend a full summer term at Stanford taking regular courses and continue with the rest of their academic programme at NTU. ★ It is a 12-month full-time course in environmental science & engineering. ★Students under NEMS will have opportunities to do research projects under NEWRI as well as to continue for the Doctor’s degree. ★ Graduating students receive the NTU degree and a certificate from Stanford for their summer attachment.
Scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses at both Stanford and NTU are available
Enquiry contact: Ms Christian Soh Tel：(65) 6861 0507 Fax:(65) 68614606 Email: nems@ntu.edu.sg Information on other graduate programmes available at： www.ntu.edu.sg/cee/program/postgrad.asp
5．If one wants to apply for the NEMS programme, it is essential for him to __________.
A．have passed the GRE test
B．make contact with Ms Soh
C．possess a university diploma
D．major in engineering or science
6．Students admitted to the NEMS Programme __________.
A．will first have regular courses at Stanford
B．needn’t be released from their regular jobs
C．are required to obtain a Doctor’s degree
D．can receive degrees of both NTU and Stanford
7．What’s the main purpose of the NEMS programme
A．To offer scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses.
B．To strengthen the cooperation between NTU and Stanford.
C．To cultivate experts on environmental science and engineering.
D．To introduce Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute.
C
A new study, published in Psychological Science, finds that people who think they can learn from their mistakes have a different brain reaction to mistakes than people who think intelligence is fixed.
“One big difference between people who think intelligence is malleable and those who think intelligence is fixed is how they respond to mistakes,” says Jason S. Moser, of Michigan State University. Studies have found that people who think intelligence is malleable say things like, “When the going gets tough, I put in more effort.” or “If I make a mistake, I try to learn and figure it out.” On the other hand, people who think that they can't get smarter will not take opportunities to learn from their mistakes.
For this study, Moser and his colleagues gave participants a task that was easy to make a mistake on. They were supposed to identify the middle letter of a five-letter series like “MMMMM”, “MMNMM” or “NNMNN”. Sometimes the middle letter was the same as the other four, and sometimes it was different.
While doing the task, the participants wear a cap on his or her head that records electrical activity in the brain. When someone makes a mistake, their brain makes two quick signals: an initial response that indicates something has gone wrong—the “Oh, crap” response, as Moser calls it—and a follow-up signal that indicates an attempt to correct the mistake.
A bigger second signal was displayed in the participants who were better able to recover from making a mistake—that is, those who believed that they could learn from such a mistake—than in the participants who had negative feelings about a mistake and believed that their failure was due to their own shortcomings.
“This research might help us understand why exactly the two types of individuals show different behaviors after mistakes and could help in training people to believe that they can work harder and learn more, by showing how their brain is reacting to mistakes,” Moser says.
8．What does the underlined word “malleable” mean in the second paragraph
A．Unchanged. B．Flexible.
C．Unimportant. D．Difficult.
9．If a student thinks her intelligence is fixed, what will she say
A．“It’s not worth bothering to try harder.”
B．“Come on, though I’ve failed this time.”
C．“I want to know why I failed this exam.”
D．“I do like the feelings the failure brings.”
10．What is the significance of the research findings
A．To advise people to respond to mistakes.
B．To inspire people to learn from mistakes.
C．To promote people's blame on themselves.
D．To indicate people’s difference in behavior.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Oh, crap! B．Waste of effort!
C．What a pity! D．Never give up!
D
Growing up in rural Hungary, Krisztina Christmon Ph.D．, always imagined taking over her grandparents’ farm one day. But by the time she graduated from university, the farm had been sold, because her grandfather suffered a major accident while burning plastic agricultural waste.
Years later, Christmon realized she could honor her grandfather’s memory and support the farming community in a different way: by ensuring farmers never have to burn plastics in the first place.
In 2021, she co-founded a startup called Repurpose Farm Plastic that aims to collect and clean farmers’ unwanted plastics. Once treated, these commonly used items can be recycled into other useful products.
Christmon’s team participated in Innovation Corps (I-Corps), an entrepreneurial training program, where Christmon’s mentors (导师) encouraged her to turn her idea into a startup. “I thought business wasn’t for me — I’m a scientist!” she said. “But when we conducted interviews with farmers, everyone was so eager to talk to us. Every farmer told us they would pay the same for a trash removal service or more for recycling pickup. I thought, ‘OK, if no one else is working on this, I guess it’s going to be me.’”
Christmon launched Repurpose Farm Plastic with help from I-Corps, and built the plastic cleaning equipment, which is currently ready for mass production. Their machine — a little larger than a dining table — does not rely on water. It uses a drying technology to remove 99% of the dirt from agricultural plastics. Once cleaned, these plastics can be handed off to companies that ultimately transform them into furniture, decking and similar items. Christmon says this not only reduces wastefulness but also serves a greater environmental good.
Christmon and Rickles hope to start collecting plastic from farms and launch the business soon. Building a startup has been a major time commitment, but she doesn’t mind as long as she’s helping people and the environment in the process.
12．What originally motivated Christmon to work on plastic recycling
A．Her farming experience. B．Her university education.
C．Her grandfather’s sufferings. D．Her mentors’ encouragement.
13．What can we infer about Christmon from paragraph 4
A．She got much support from farmers.
B．She once doubted her professional competence.
C．She was forced to found the startup originally.
D．She met great misunderstanding in her business.
14．What does Christmon’s machine mainly do
A．Dry the dirt. B．Purify the water.
C．Clean the plastics. D．Produce dining tables.
15．Which of the following can best describe Christmon
A．Curious and faithful. B．Creative and devoted.
C．Ambitious and patient. D．Kind and generous.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are so passionate about what we do. We get to travel this amazing world, make great friendships, make positive changes within local communities and help conserve animals. 16 .
It is not a nine-to-five job for us. You will find us available to answer your questions outside of the “normal” hours, be that 6:30 on a Monday morning or 20:00 on a Sunday evening. We also make it easy. You can contact us through online chat, by email, text, social media or telephone, 17 , allowing this once in a lifetime opportunity to all travelers.
Over the past couple of years, we have hosted many volunteers and made such a big impact around the world. Here’s the things you should know about us: 18
Not only do our volunteer programs directly help within the local community, but we ensure that all tasks aid the local economy, respect all cultures and support the development of the local infrastructure (基础设施), which is crucial to the long-term future of the city.We want you to have a great time
We make sure you and other volunteers have the best time of your lives. The fastest and most efficient way for us to grow and spread our programs is by YOU. 19 . That’s why we are so proud of our 5 out of 5 star rating.
So, do something different and special when you next go abroad. 20 . Whether you want to help protect the elephants in Sri Lanka, help the disabled in Nepal or teach children in Cambodia, the Mighty Roar can make it happen.
A．Reviews are key to our success
B．We are committed to conservation
C．We have the perfect experience waiting for you
D．All of our community programs are sustainable
E．That’s the reason why we started the Mighty Roar
F．Remember to share those experiences with your friends
G．We aim to make our volunteering programs as accessible as possible
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Preeti Maske had no idea that a new hobby would turn into a passion, and then a profession with five Guinness World Records.
At school, Maske 21 hockey and basketball at state level. After 22 and motherhood, sports were firmly in her past. But a surprise first place 23 in a five km fun run at her children’s school 24 her competitive spirit back. She took up 25 at the age of 40, and went on a long journey from Kashmir to Kanyakumari.
As one of the few women in the group, she came with its own 26 . “Keeping up with male riders was 27 ,” she says. “I was slower, but when I 28 with them, whenever they said, ‘Let’s go,’ I would say, ‘Let’s go’—even though they had been 29 for a while.
Maske failed in her first 30 at setting a world record to cycle the 6,000-km Golden Quadrilateral Highway. But the 31 only motivated her to train harder and achieve records one after the other. Her latest cycling milestone 32 her from Bhutan to India through Nepal, a 33 of 1,803 km in 10 days, 18 hours and 40 minutes completely unsupported.
People of all ages write to tell her that she is their 34 . One of her friends who didn’t know how to ride a bicycle rented one, 35 , completed a 100-km ride, and dedicated it to her.
21．A．played B．loved C．watched D．studied
22．A．departure B．injury C．marriage D．retirement
23．A．victory B．entry C．target D．response
24．A．lasted B．brought C．looked D．held
25．A．hockey B．cycling C．basketball D．running
26．A．advantage B．chance C．favour D．challenge
27．A．proud B．shocking C．tough D．joyful
28．A．fell behind B．caught up C．got along D．came over
29．A．resting B．talking C．joking D．riding
30．A．final B．attempt C．target D．journey
31．A．loss B．hope C．inspiration D．dream
32．A．made B．gave C．took D．registered
33．A．success B．round C．circle D．figure
34．A．symbol B．inspiration C．follower D．record
35．A．paid B．insisted C．managed D．wished
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Around 500 BC, the 36 (state) of the Zhou Dynasty era spread to the Yangtze basin that suffered from disasters, periodic large-scale flooding, 37 each year, they faced monsoon storms and typhoon winds along the coast. The thick forests then were 38 ready supply of wood.
39 (deal) with frequent natural disasters and the destruction due to wars and fighting, the builders in the Zhou region adopted the dougong bracket system. This system made rebuilding and 40 (maintain) the buildings much more efficient. The Chinese made their wooden buildings slightly flexible to withstand natural disasters and for easier repair and reconfiguration as the need 41 (arise). The wooden parts such as columns and beams(横梁) were 42 (easy) replaced or reused to make other structures as needed since they were not joined together with fasteners.
The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of 43 the Forbidden City is a good example. After they were built about 600 years ago, Beijing has experienced about 200 earthquakes. The buildings survived 44 little damage due to the flexible brackets and loose pillars.
The basic elements of ancient architectural design remained 45 (change) for thousands of years in China. The essence and wisdom of Chinese architecture will continue to serve as an inspiration for the world civilization.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．假定你是李华，你要在学校的周一升旗仪式上进行一次鼓励同学们终身学习的演讲。请写一篇词数为80左右的演讲稿内容包括 ：
1. 终身学习的重要性；2. 原因；3. 方法途径并发出号召。
Dear fellow students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you for listening.
第二节(满分25分)
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ever since I was a child, Dad had been working hard. He’d worked as a telegraph operator on the railroad and added his earnings selling old pocket watches at the markets. “We needed the money. For a rainy day,” he always said.
When I was 10 years old, I bought an ice cream, Daddy’s favorite, with the first dollar I earned by doing odd jobs in the neighborhood. I thought he’d be pleased. He looked up and indeed smiled. But as he took a taste of it, he warned, “Don’t be squandering (乱花) all your hard-earned money on this again. You should be putting something away for rainy days.” I tried hard to fight back tears. I was quite disappointed.
When I was a little older, I studied piano. I knew how proud he’d be of the way I played The Londonderry Air. But at the last minute of my first performance, Daddy couldn’t come. He had to work overtime. We needed the money. For a rainy day. Didn’t he care about my happiness
One day he showed me what my happiness was worth.
After I studied nursing and pursued my career, I started to raise a dog, Muffin, and she became my soul mate. I had to drop her off at my friend’s when I had a business trip. One time, Muffin jumped the fence in my friend’s backyard and raced off. No one could find her.
“I’m so sorry, Roberta,” Mom said, covering a blanket around me on the sofa. “Your father is worried too.”
I felt my heart break when a stranger called, “I have found your dog. How can I get the reward of $1,000 mentioned in the ad of the newspaper ”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I was stunned about the reward.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I cried, holding the newspaper, but I quickly pulled myself together and drove to my parents’ house.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页2025山东高考英语特供秘卷（二）（解析版）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Think back to the last time you wrote down a quick note or made a grocery list. Chances are that it wasn’t with pen and paper. Over the past decade, keyboards and screens have quietly replaced handwriting in our daily routines, from classrooms to office meetings. Yet, research shows that putting pen to paper offers cognitive(认知) benefits that digital tools can’t match.
“Statistically most studies on the relationship between handwriting and memory show that people are better at remembering things that they have written down than on a computer,” says Naomi Susan Baron, a professor of linguistics at American University in Washington D．C． From improved memory retention(保留) to enhanced learning outcomes, here’s how maintaining the art of handwriting can significantly impact how we absorb and keep information.
The benefits of writing by hand can partly owe to the engagement of multiple senses in the writing process. “Holding a pen with our fingers, pressing it on a surface, and moving our hands to create letters and words is a complex thinking and movement skill that requires a lot of our attention,” says Mellissa Prunty from Brunel University, who has researched the relationship between handwriting and learning.
“This deeper level of processing, which involves mapping sounds to letter formations, has been shown to support reading and spelling in children,” Prunty continues. The physical act of writing helps strengthen memory and improve learning outcomes, making it an important tool for educational growth.
Adults also benefit from the labor-intensive(劳动密集型) nature of handwriting. A study involving 42 adults learning Arabie found that participants who learned letters by writing them down by hand were quicker to recognize them, had an easier time naming them, and were better at sounding the newly learned letters out compared with people who were asked to learn the new characters by typing or by just looking at them.
“We think that our results can be partly explained by how handwriting activates different pathways to the same concept,” says Robert Wiley, a professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina Greensboro and co-author of the study. “Handwriting can activate more connections across these different aspects compared with typing,” he says.
1．Why is handwriting better for remembering things compared to typing
A．Handwriting is more visually appealing.
B．Handwriting is more fun and enjoyable.
C．Typing is too fast and makes it hard to concentrate.
D．Handwriting engages many senses and requires more attention.
2．What’s a good thing about handwriting for kids according to Mellissa Prunty
A．It helps them to focus better. B．It makes learning more entertaining.
C．It improves their fine movement skills. D．It supports reading and spelling.
3．What’s the main finding of the study involving 42 adults learning Arabic
A．Adults preferred typing to handwriting.
B．Handwriting helped adults to learn Arabic faster.
C．Typing new characters was the best way to learn.
D．Handwriting did not improve memory retention.
4．What would be the best title for the text
A．The Benefits of Handwriting.
B．The Decline of Handwriting.
C．How to Improve Memory through Handwriting.
D．The Difference Between Handwriting and Typing.
B
Be a leader in environmental science and engineering through the NEMS programme
NEWRI Environmental Master of Science(NEMS) is a primary graduate education and research programme conducted by Nanyang Technological University’s (NTU’s) NEWRI, with summer attachment at Stanford University. It aims to train engineers and scientists to meet the increasing environmental challenges for Asia and the wider region. NEWRI-Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute NEWRI is enabling Singapore to be a global center of environmental science and technology in providing technological solutions to the world. It is committed to environmental and water technologies through its ecosystem of education, research and developmental activities. NEWRI is trying its best to pull together NTU’s water and environment-related centres and institutes, gathering one another’s strengths for the benefit of industry and society.
Master of Science Applications ● Applications open now and close on 30 May 2012 for Singapore applicants. ● Graduates having relevant engineering or science background, including final-year students, are invited to apply. ● Applicants are required to have a certificate of GRE. Further information and application materials are available at the Website: http:// www. Cee.ntu.edu.sg/Graduate/NEMS
Highlights of Programme: ★ Students spend a full summer term at Stanford taking regular courses and continue with the rest of their academic programme at NTU. ★ It is a 12-month full-time course in environmental science & engineering. ★Students under NEMS will have opportunities to do research projects under NEWRI as well as to continue for the Doctor’s degree. ★ Graduating students receive the NTU degree and a certificate from Stanford for their summer attachment.
Scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses at both Stanford and NTU are available
Enquiry contact: Ms Christian Soh Tel：(65) 6861 0507 Fax:(65) 68614606 Email: nems@ntu.edu.sg Information on other graduate programmes available at： www.ntu.edu.sg/cee/program/postgrad.asp
5．If one wants to apply for the NEMS programme, it is essential for him to __________.
A．have passed the GRE test
B．make contact with Ms Soh
C．possess a university diploma
D．major in engineering or science
6．Students admitted to the NEMS Programme __________.
A．will first have regular courses at Stanford
B．needn’t be released from their regular jobs
C．are required to obtain a Doctor’s degree
D．can receive degrees of both NTU and Stanford
7．What’s the main purpose of the NEMS programme
A．To offer scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses.
B．To strengthen the cooperation between NTU and Stanford.
C．To cultivate experts on environmental science and engineering.
D．To introduce Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute.
C
A new study, published in Psychological Science, finds that people who think they can learn from their mistakes have a different brain reaction to mistakes than people who think intelligence is fixed.
“One big difference between people who think intelligence is malleable and those who think intelligence is fixed is how they respond to mistakes,” says Jason S. Moser, of Michigan State University. Studies have found that people who think intelligence is malleable say things like, “When the going gets tough, I put in more effort.” or “If I make a mistake, I try to learn and figure it out.” On the other hand, people who think that they can't get smarter will not take opportunities to learn from their mistakes.
For this study, Moser and his colleagues gave participants a task that was easy to make a mistake on. They were supposed to identify the middle letter of a five-letter series like “MMMMM”, “MMNMM” or “NNMNN”. Sometimes the middle letter was the same as the other four, and sometimes it was different.
While doing the task, the participants wear a cap on his or her head that records electrical activity in the brain. When someone makes a mistake, their brain makes two quick signals: an initial response that indicates something has gone wrong—the “Oh, crap” response, as Moser calls it—and a follow-up signal that indicates an attempt to correct the mistake.
A bigger second signal was displayed in the participants who were better able to recover from making a mistake—that is, those who believed that they could learn from such a mistake—than in the participants who had negative feelings about a mistake and believed that their failure was due to their own shortcomings.
“This research might help us understand why exactly the two types of individuals show different behaviors after mistakes and could help in training people to believe that they can work harder and learn more, by showing how their brain is reacting to mistakes,” Moser says.
8．What does the underlined word “malleable” mean in the second paragraph
A．Unchanged. B．Flexible.
C．Unimportant. D．Difficult.
9．If a student thinks her intelligence is fixed, what will she say
A．“It’s not worth bothering to try harder.”
B．“Come on, though I’ve failed this time.”
C．“I want to know why I failed this exam.”
D．“I do like the feelings the failure brings.”
10．What is the significance of the research findings
A．To advise people to respond to mistakes.
B．To inspire people to learn from mistakes.
C．To promote people's blame on themselves.
D．To indicate people’s difference in behavior.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Oh, crap! B．Waste of effort!
C．What a pity! D．Never give up!
D
Growing up in rural Hungary, Krisztina Christmon Ph.D．, always imagined taking over her grandparents’ farm one day. But by the time she graduated from university, the farm had been sold, because her grandfather suffered a major accident while burning plastic agricultural waste.
Years later, Christmon realized she could honor her grandfather’s memory and support the farming community in a different way: by ensuring farmers never have to burn plastics in the first place.
In 2021, she co-founded a startup called Repurpose Farm Plastic that aims to collect and clean farmers’ unwanted plastics. Once treated, these commonly used items can be recycled into other useful products.
Christmon’s team participated in Innovation Corps (I-Corps), an entrepreneurial training program, where Christmon’s mentors (导师) encouraged her to turn her idea into a startup. “I thought business wasn’t for me — I’m a scientist!” she said. “But when we conducted interviews with farmers, everyone was so eager to talk to us. Every farmer told us they would pay the same for a trash removal service or more for recycling pickup. I thought, ‘OK, if no one else is working on this, I guess it’s going to be me.’”
Christmon launched Repurpose Farm Plastic with help from I-Corps, and built the plastic cleaning equipment, which is currently ready for mass production. Their machine — a little larger than a dining table — does not rely on water. It uses a drying technology to remove 99% of the dirt from agricultural plastics. Once cleaned, these plastics can be handed off to companies that ultimately transform them into furniture, decking and similar items. Christmon says this not only reduces wastefulness but also serves a greater environmental good.
Christmon and Rickles hope to start collecting plastic from farms and launch the business soon. Building a startup has been a major time commitment, but she doesn’t mind as long as she’s helping people and the environment in the process.
12．What originally motivated Christmon to work on plastic recycling
A．Her farming experience. B．Her university education.
C．Her grandfather’s sufferings. D．Her mentors’ encouragement.
13．What can we infer about Christmon from paragraph 4
A．She got much support from farmers.
B．She once doubted her professional competence.
C．She was forced to found the startup originally.
D．She met great misunderstanding in her business.
14．What does Christmon’s machine mainly do
A．Dry the dirt. B．Purify the water.
C．Clean the plastics. D．Produce dining tables.
15．Which of the following can best describe Christmon
A．Curious and faithful. B．Creative and devoted.
C．Ambitious and patient. D．Kind and generous.
We are so passionate about what we do. We get to travel this amazing world, make great friendships, make positive changes within local communities and help conserve animals. 16 .
It is not a nine-to-five job for us. You will find us available to answer your questions outside of the “normal” hours, be that 6:30 on a Monday morning or 20:00 on a Sunday evening. We also make it easy. You can contact us through online chat, by email, text, social media or telephone, 17 , allowing this once in a lifetime opportunity to all travelers.
Over the past couple of years, we have hosted many volunteers and made such a big impact around the world. Here’s the things you should know about us: 18
Not only do our volunteer programs directly help within the local community, but we ensure that all tasks aid the local economy, respect all cultures and support the development of the local infrastructure (基础设施), which is crucial to the long-term future of the city.We want you to have a great time
We make sure you and other volunteers have the best time of your lives. The fastest and most efficient way for us to grow and spread our programs is by YOU. 19 . That’s why we are so proud of our 5 out of 5 star rating.
So, do something different and special when you next go abroad. 20 . Whether you want to help protect the elephants in Sri Lanka, help the disabled in Nepal or teach children in Cambodia, the Mighty Roar can make it happen.
A．Reviews are key to our success
B．We are committed to conservation
C．We have the perfect experience waiting for you
D．All of our community programs are sustainable
E．That’s the reason why we started the Mighty Roar
F．Remember to share those experiences with your friends
G．We aim to make our volunteering programs as accessible as possible
第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
二、完形填空
Preeti Maske had no idea that a new hobby would turn into a passion, and then a profession with five Guinness World Records.
At school, Maske 21 hockey and basketball at state level. After 22 and motherhood, sports were firmly in her past. But a surprise first place 23 in a five km fun run at her children’s school 24 her competitive spirit back. She took up 25 at the age of 40, and went on a long journey from Kashmir to Kanyakumari.
As one of the few women in the group, she came with its own 26 . “Keeping up with male riders was 27 ,” she says. “I was slower, but when I 28 with them, whenever they said, ‘Let’s go,’ I would say, ‘Let’s go’—even though they had been 29 for a while.
Maske failed in her first 30 at setting a world record to cycle the 6,000-km Golden Quadrilateral Highway. But the 31 only motivated her to train harder and achieve records one after the other. Her latest cycling milestone 32 her from Bhutan to India through Nepal, a 33 of 1,803 km in 10 days, 18 hours and 40 minutes completely unsupported.
People of all ages write to tell her that she is their 34 . One of her friends who didn’t know how to ride a bicycle rented one, 35 , completed a 100-km ride, and dedicated it to her.
21．A．played B．loved C．watched D．studied
22．A．departure B．injury C．marriage D．retirement
23．A．victory B．entry C．target D．response
24．A．lasted B．brought C．looked D．held
25．A．hockey B．cycling C．basketball D．running
26．A．advantage B．chance C．favour D．challenge
27．A．proud B．shocking C．tough D．joyful
28．A．fell behind B．caught up C．got along D．came over
29．A．resting B．talking C．joking D．riding
30．A．final B．attempt C．target D．journey
31．A．loss B．hope C．inspiration D．dream
32．A．made B．gave C．took D．registered
33．A．success B．round C．circle D．figure
34．A．symbol B．inspiration C．follower D．record
35．A．paid B．insisted C．managed D．wished
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Around 500 BC, the 36 (state) of the Zhou Dynasty era spread to the Yangtze basin that suffered from disasters, periodic large-scale flooding, 37 each year, they faced monsoon storms and typhoon winds along the coast. The thick forests then were 38 ready supply of wood.
39 (deal) with frequent natural disasters and the destruction due to wars and fighting, the builders in the Zhou region adopted the dougong bracket system. This system made rebuilding and 40 (maintain) the buildings much more efficient. The Chinese made their wooden buildings slightly flexible to withstand natural disasters and for easier repair and reconfiguration as the need 41 (arise). The wooden parts such as columns and beams(横梁) were 42 (easy) replaced or reused to make other structures as needed since they were not joined together with fasteners.
The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of 43 the Forbidden City is a good example. After they were built about 600 years ago, Beijing has experienced about 200 earthquakes. The buildings survived 44 little damage due to the flexible brackets and loose pillars.
The basic elements of ancient architectural design remained 45 (change) for thousands of years in China. The essence and wisdom of Chinese architecture will continue to serve as an inspiration for the world civilization.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．假定你是李华，你要在学校的周一升旗仪式上进行一次鼓励同学们终身学习的演讲。请写一篇词数为80左右的演讲稿内容包括 ：
1. 终身学习的重要性；2. 原因；3. 方法途径并发出号召。
Dear fellow students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you for listening.
第二节(满分25分)
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ever since I was a child, Dad had been working hard. He’d worked as a telegraph operator on the railroad and added his earnings selling old pocket watches at the markets. “We needed the money. For a rainy day,” he always said.
When I was 10 years old, I bought an ice cream, Daddy’s favorite, with the first dollar I earned by doing odd jobs in the neighborhood. I thought he’d be pleased. He looked up and indeed smiled. But as he took a taste of it, he warned, “Don’t be squandering (乱花) all your hard-earned money on this again. You should be putting something away for rainy days.” I tried hard to fight back tears. I was quite disappointed.
When I was a little older, I studied piano. I knew how proud he’d be of the way I played The Londonderry Air. But at the last minute of my first performance, Daddy couldn’t come. He had to work overtime. We needed the money. For a rainy day. Didn’t he care about my happiness
One day he showed me what my happiness was worth.
After I studied nursing and pursued my career, I started to raise a dog, Muffin, and she became my soul mate. I had to drop her off at my friend’s when I had a business trip. One time, Muffin jumped the fence in my friend’s backyard and raced off. No one could find her.
“I’m so sorry, Roberta,” Mom said, covering a blanket around me on the sofa. “Your father is worried too.”
I felt my heart break when a stranger called, “I have found your dog. How can I get the reward of $1,000 mentioned in the ad of the newspaper ”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I was stunned about the reward.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I cried, holding the newspaper, but I quickly pulled myself together and drove to my parents’ house.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
《2025山东高考英语特供秘卷（二）（解析版）》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 D D B A A A C B A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D C A C B E G D A C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A C A B B D C B A D
题号 31 32 33 34 35
答案 A C D B D
1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了手写相比打字在记忆和学习方面的优势，强调了手写对认知能力的积极影响。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The benefits of writing by hand can partly owe to the engagement of multiple senses in the writing process. ‘Holding a pen with our fingers, pressing it on a surface, and moving our hands to create letters and words is a complex thinking and movement skill that requires a lot of our attention’.(手写的好处部分归功于写作过程中多种感官的参与。用手指握住笔，压在表面上，移动双手来创造字母和单词，这是一种复杂的思维和运动技能，需要我们大量的注意力。)”可知，手写之所以比打字更有利于记忆事物，是因为手写涉及多种感官，需要更多的注意力。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“‘This deeper level of processing, which involves mapping sounds to letter formations, has been shown to support reading and spelling in children,’ Prunty continues.(普伦蒂继续说道：‘这种更深层次的加工，包括将声音映射到字母形状，已被证明有助于儿童的阅读和拼写’。)”可知，根据Mellissa Prunty的说法，手写对孩子的好处是它有助于阅读和拼写。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“A study involving 42 adults learning Arabic found that participants who learned letters by writing them down by hand were quicker to recognize them, had an easier time naming them, and were better at sounding the newly learned letters out compared with people who were asked to learn the new characters by typing or by just looking at them.(一项涉及42名成人学习阿拉伯语的研究发现，与那些被要求通过打字或仅仅通过看新字符来学习的人相比，通过手写学习字母的参与者识别字母的速度更快，命名字母更容易，而且更擅长读出新学的字母。)”可知，涉及42名成人学习阿拉伯语的这项研究的主要发现是手写帮助成年人更快地学习阿拉伯语。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了手写相比打字在记忆和学习方面的优势，强调了手写对认知能力的积极影响，选项A“手写的好处”可以作为这篇文章的最佳标题。故选A。
5．A 6．A 7．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了Nanyang Technological University和斯坦福大学联合举行一项旨在于培养环境保护方面的专家的专业，并介绍了申请要求及专业特点。
5．细节理解题。根据Master of Science Applications部分中Applicants are required to have a certificate of GRE.可知申请者必须通过GRE的考试并获得证书。故A正确。
6．细节理解题。根据Highlights of Program:部分第一点Students spend a full summer term at Stanford taking regular courses and continue with the rest of their academic program at NTU.可知，学生们在斯坦福大学学习一整个暑假的常规课程，然后在南洋理工大学继续他们的学业。所以这一专业的学生首先在斯坦福大学学习常规课程。故A正确。
7．细节理解题。根据It aims to train engineers and scientists to meet the increasing environmental challenges for Asia and the wider region.可知这个计划旨在于培养环保科技方面的专家来迎接环境保护方面的新挑战。故C正确。
8．B 9．A 10．B 11．D
【分析】本文是说明文。发表在《心理科学》(Psychological Science)杂志上的一项新研究发现，那些认为自己可以从错误中学习的人，他们的大脑对错误的反应与那些认为智商是固定不变的人不同。
8．词义猜测题。根据第二段“‘One big difference between people who think intelligence is malleable and those who think intelligence is fixed is how they respond to mistakes,’ says Jason S. Moser, of Michigan State University.”（密歇根州立大学(Michigan State University)的杰森·s·莫泽(Jason S. Moser)说:“认为智力是malleable和认为智力是固定不变的人之间的一个重大区别在于他们如何应对错误。”）可知，后面的人们认为智力是固定的，前面是认为智力是灵活的，他们应对错误时表现出不同的行为。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“On the other hand, people who think that they can't get smarter will not take opportunities to learn from their mistakes.”（另一方面，那些认为自己不能变得更聪明的人不会抓住机会从错误中学习。）可知，如果一个学生认为她的智力是固定的，她 会说：“不值得再努力了。”故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘This research might help us understand why exactly the two types of individuals show different behaviors after mistakes and could help in training people to believe that they can work harder and learn more, by showing how their brain is reacting to mistakes,’ Moser says.（莫泽说:“这项研究可能会帮助我们理解为什么这两种人在犯错后表现出不同的行为，并通过展示他们的大脑如何对错误做出反应，有助于训练人们相信他们可以更努力地工作，学习得更多。”）可知，研究结果的意义是为了激励人们从错误中学习。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘This research might help us understand why exactly the two types of individuals show different behaviors after mistakes and could help in training people to believe that they can work harder and learn more, by showing how their brain is reacting to mistakes,’ Moser says.（莫泽说:“这项研究可能会帮助我们理解为什么这两种人在犯错后表现出不同的行为，并通过展示他们的大脑如何对错误做出反应，有助于训练人们相信他们可以更努力地工作，学习得更多。”）可知，通过了解人们对犯错后的行为训练人们相信努力不会白费。最佳标题是Never give up!永不放弃!故选D。
【点睛】
12．C 13．A 14．C 15．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Christmon博士努力研发农业废弃塑料处理设备的故事。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“But by the time she graduated from university, the farm had been sold, because her grandfather suffered a major accident while burning plastic agricultural waste.(但当她大学毕业时，农场已经被卖掉了，因为她的祖父在燃烧塑料农业废物时遭遇了重大事故。)”和第二段“Years later, Christmon realized she could honor her grandfather’s memory and support the farming community in a different way: by ensuring farmers never have to burn plastics in the first place.(多年后，Christmon意识到她可以以另一种方式纪念她的祖父，并支持农业社区：确保农民从一开始就不必燃烧塑料。)”可知，Christmon从事塑料回收工作的最初动机是她祖父的苦难。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段“Every farmer told us they would pay the same for a trash removal service or more for recycling pickup.(每个农民都告诉我们，他们愿意为垃圾清除服务支付同样的费用，或者为回收车支付更高的费用。)”可知，Christmon得到了很多农民的支持。故选 A。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段“It uses a drying technology to remove 99% of the dirt from agricultural plastics.(它使用干燥技术去除农业塑料中99%的污垢。)”可知，Christmon的机器主要做清洁塑料工作。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Building a startup has been a major time commitment, but she doesn’t mind as long as she’s helping people and the environment in the process.(创建一家初创公司需要花费大量的时间，但她并不介意，只要在这个过程中她能帮助到人们和环境。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了Christmon 博士为了帮助农民更好的处理农业废弃塑料, 努力研发处理设备的故事, 因此B项“Creative and devoted.(有创造力和献身精神。)”为最佳选项。故选B。
16．E 17．G 18．D 19．A 20．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了名为“Mighty Roar”的组织的相关信息，包括创办原因、沟通方式、志愿者项目的特点、期望志愿者获得美好体验以及能提供的不同志愿机会等内容。
16．根据上文“We are so passionate about what we do. We get to travel this amazing world, make great friendships, make positive changes within local communities and help conserve animals.(我们对自己所做的事情充满热情。我们得以游历这个奇妙的世界，结交挚友，在当地社区做出积极的改变，并助力保护动物。)”可知，上文提到我们热衷于所做的事，能旅行、交友、在当地社区做积极改变以及保护动物。选项E“That’s the reason why we started the Mighty Roar(这就是我们创办Mighty Roar的原因。)”能够很好地承接上文，解释了做这些事情与创办组织之间的关系。故选E。
17．根据上文“You can contact us through online chat, by email, text, social media or telephone(你可以通过在线聊天、电子邮件、短信、社交媒体或电话联系我们)”可知，上文提到了联系的各种方式；而下文“allowing this once in a lifetime opportunity to all travelers(让所有旅行者都有机会获得这个千载难逢的机会)”则指出空处让旅行者都有机会获得这个千载难逢的机会。选项G“We aim to make our volunteering programs as accessible as possible(我们旨在让我们的志愿者项目尽可能容易参与)”既解释了多种联系方式的目的，又能与后文让旅行者有机会相衔接。故选G。
18．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Not only do our volunteer programs directly help within the local community, but we ensure that all tasks aid the local economy, respect all cultures and support the development of the local infrastructure (基础设施), which is crucial to the long-term future of the city.(我们的志愿者项目不仅能直接为当地社区提供帮助，而且我们确保所有的工作都能促进当地经济发展、尊重所有文化，并支持当地基础设施的建设，这对城市的长远未来至关重要。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是志愿者项目对城市的长期未来至关重要。选项D“All of our community programs are sustainable(我们的所有社区项目都是可持续的。)”能够概括这一段关于项目对当地多方面产生长期积极影响，具有可持续性的内容。故选D。
19．根据上文“The fastest and most efficient way for us to grow and spread our programs is by YOU.(对我们来说，让项目发展和传播最快最有效的方式是通过你。)”可知，上文提到让项目发展和传播最快最有效的方式是通过你。而空后“That’s why we are so proud of our 5 out of 5 star rating.(这就是为什么我们为我们的五星评级感到骄傲。)”则暗示空处和五星级评价有关。选项A“Reviews are key to our success(评价是我们成功的关键。)”说明通过 “你”（志愿者）的评价对项目发展很重要，进而解释了五星评级的意义。故选A。
20．根据下文“Whether you want to help protect the elephants in Sri Lanka, help the disabled in Nepal or teach children in Cambodia, the Mighty Roar can make it happen.(无论你是想在斯里兰卡帮助保护大象，在尼泊尔帮助残疾人，还是在柬埔寨教孩子们，“Mighty Roar”都能帮你实现。)”可知，下文提到了很多项目体验。选项C“We have the perfect experience waiting for you(我们有完美的体验在等着你。)”承上启下，说明在Mighty Roar能让你有特别的经历。故选C。
21．A 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．B 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Maske在学校时热爱运动，结婚生子后不再运动，但一次在孩子们学校运动比赛中的胜利激发了她对运动的爱，并开始尝试骑行，不断努力，最后获得了成功。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校，Maske在州一级打曲棍球和篮球。A. played踢、击、打（球）；B. loved热爱；C. watched观看；D. studied学习。根据下文“…sports were firmly in her past”可知，Maske过去是参加体育运动的，由此可知，她打曲棍球和篮球。故选A项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结婚生子后，体育运动已成为她的过去。A. departure出发；B. injury损伤；C. marriage结婚；D. retirement退休。根据句中“…sports were firmly in her past”可知，Maske不再参加体育运动，由此可知，她结婚生子了，要照顾家庭。故选C项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她在孩子们的学校进行的五公里趣味跑中意外获得第一名，这让她重新找回了竞争精神。A. victory胜利；B. entry进入；C. target目标；D. response反应。根据句中“a surprise first place”可知，Maske在比赛中获得第一名，由此可知，她获得了胜利。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她在孩子们的学校进行的五公里趣味跑中意外获得第一名，这让她重新找回了竞争精神。A. lasted持续；B. brought带来，引起；C. looked看；D. held抓住。根据下文“…went on a long journey from Kashmir to Kanyakumari”可知，Maske重新参加了运动，由此可知，这次胜利让她重新找回了竞争精神，“bring…back”意为“找回……，带回……”。故选B项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她40岁开始骑自行车，从克什米尔到坎亚库马里进行了长途旅行。A. hockey曲棍球；B. cycling骑自行车运动；C. basketball篮球；D. running跑步。根据下文“Keeping up with male riders was…”中的“riders”可知，Maske参加的是骑自行车的骑行运动。故选B项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为团队中为数不多的女性之一，她带来了自己的挑战。A. advantage优势；B. chance机会；C. favour支持；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“I was slower”可知，与男性相比，女性的骑行速度要更慢，这对她来说是一个挑战。故选D项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“跟上男性骑手的步伐很难。”A. proud骄傲的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. tough艰难的；D. joyful快乐的。根据下文“I was slower”可知，与男性相比，女性的骑行速度要更慢，由此可知，跟上男性骑手的步伐很难。故选C项。
28．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我速度较慢，但当我追上他们时，每当他们说‘我们走吧’时，我都会说，‘我们走’——即使他们已经休息了一段时间。A. fell behind落后；B. caught up追赶，赶上；C. got along和睦相处；D. came over过来。根据句中“I was slower”可知，Maske的骑行速度比男性慢，由此可知，她要费力追赶上他们，“caught up with”意为“赶上”，追上。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我速度较慢，但当我追上他们时，每当他们说‘我们走吧’时，我都会说，‘我们走’——即使他们已经休息了一段时间。A. resting休息；B. talking谈论；C. joking开玩笑；D. riding骑。根据句中“but when I _____ with them”可知，Maske的骑行速度比男性慢，她要费力追赶上他们，由此可知，男性骑手已经休息一段时间了，Maske才追上他们。故选A项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Maske在她的第一次骑行中未能创造6000公里黄金四边形公路的世界纪录。A. final决赛；B. attempt尝试；C. target目标；D. journey（尤指长途）行程。根据上文“She took up _____ at the age of 40, and went on a long journey from Kashmir to Kanyakumari.”中的“journey”可知，Maske在进行长途骑行，由此可知，空格处应用“journey”，指“（尤指长途）行程”。故选D项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这场失败只会激励她更加努力地训练，并一个接一个地创下纪录。A. loss失败；B. hope希望；C. inspiration灵感；D. dream梦想。根据上文“Maske failed in her first…”中的“failed”可知，Maske的第一次尝试失败了，由此可知，这场失败激励她更加努力地训练。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她最近的自行车里程碑带她从不丹经尼泊尔到印度，在10天18小时40分钟内完成了1803公里的骑行，完全没有支持。A. made制造；B. gave供给；C. took携带，引领；D. registered注册。根据句中“from Bhutan to India through Nepal”可知，Maske的骑行带她从不丹经尼泊尔到印度，“took”意为“携带，引领”，符合语境。故选C项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她最近的自行车里程碑带她从不丹经尼泊尔到印度，在10天18小时40分钟内完成了1803公里的骑行，完全没有支持。A. success成功；B. round回合；C. circle圆圈；D. figure数字。根据句中“1,803 km”可知，1803公里是她骑行距离的一个数字。故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：各个年龄段的人都写信告诉她，她给他们带来了鼓励。A. symbol象征；B. inspiration鼓舞人心的人（或事物）；C. follower追随者；D. record记录。根据下文“One of her friends who didn’t know how to ride a bicycle rented one”可知，在Maske的激励在，一个不会骑自行车的朋友也开始尝试骑车了，由此可知，她是一个鼓舞人心的人。故选B项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的一个不知道如何骑自行车的朋友租了一辆车，希望完成100公里的骑行，并将其献给了她。A. paid付费；B. insisted坚持；C. managed管理；D. wished希望。根据句中“One of her friends who didn’t know how to ride a bicycle rented one”可知，这是一个不会骑自行车的朋友，由此可知，她希望自己能完成100公里的骑行。故选D项。
36．states 37．and 38．a 39．To deal 40．maintaining 41．arose 42．easily 43．which 44．with 45．unchanged
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述中国古代建筑的设计和特点，展示了其在应对自然灾害和战争中的优势，并强调了其耐久性和对世界文明的贡献。
36．考查名词复数。句意：公元前500年左右，周朝时代的各诸侯国扩散到遭受灾害、周期性大规模洪水的长江流域，每年都面临沿海的季风风暴和台风大风。根据后文中的“they”可推知，这里应是名词复数作主语，指“周朝时期的诸侯国”。故填states。
37．考查连词。句意：公元前500年左右，周朝时代的各诸侯国扩散到遭受灾害、周期性大规模洪水的长江流域，每年都面临沿海的季风风暴和台风大风。分析前后文语境可知，空后句子“each year, they faced monsoon storms and typhoon winds along the coast(每年，他们都要面对沿海的季风风暴和台风)”与前文为并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。
38．考查不定冠词。句意：当时茂密的森林是现成的木材供应。“supply”意为“供应”，可数名词表泛指，因此所填空为不定冠词做限定词。“a ready supply”意为“现成的供应”。故填a。
39．考查动词不定式。句意：为了应对频繁的自然灾害以及战争和战斗造成的破坏，周地区的建设者采用了斗拱体系。此处为句子的目的状语，用动词不定式表达；置于句首，首字母大写。故填To deal。
40．考查动名词。句意：这个系统使得建筑的重建和维护更加高效。所填应是动名词形式，与空前“rebuilding”并列，作动词“made”的宾语。故填maintaining。
41．考查动词时态。句意：中国人使他们的木制建筑具有轻微的灵活性，以抵御自然灾害，并在需要时更容易修复和重新配置。所填动词作从句谓语动词。结合主句可知，使用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填arose。
42．考查副词。句意：像柱子和横梁这样的木制部件很容易被替换或再利用，因为它们没有用紧固件连接在一起。这里应是用副词作状语，修饰动词“replaced or reused”。“easy”，形容词，意为“容易的”，其副词形式为“easily”。故填easily。
43．考查定语从句。句意：木制建筑的耐久性经受住了时间的考验，紫禁城就是一个很好的例子。“of ____8____ the Forbidden City is a good example”为之前“The durability of the wooden buildings”的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。
44．考查介词。句意：由于灵活的支架和松散的柱子，这些建筑幸存下来，几乎没有损坏。此处为伴随状语，用介词with表达。“with little damage”意为“几乎没有损坏地”。故填with。
45．考查形容词。句意：几千年来，中国古代建筑设计的基本要素保持不变。空前“remained”为系动词，之后接形容词作表语。“change”，动词，意为“改变”，结合语境，这里应用其形容词形式“unchanged(不变；没有变化)”。故填unchanged。
46．Dear fellow students,
In order to keep up with the development of society and science and technology, we need lifelong learning. There is no doubt that lifelong learning enables us to overcome our difficulties and solve new problems in work and study and to meet our basic needs for survival and development. Besides, it can enable us to get more development space, and better realize our own value. By constantly acquiring new knowledge, it is certain that we can continue to grow and improve. Everyone should take action. Time and tide wait for no man.
That’s all. Thank you for listening.
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇鼓励同学们终身学习的演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
解决：solve→settle
此外：besides→what’s more
不断地：constantly→continually
获得：acquire→attain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Everyone should take action. Time and tide wait for no man.
拓展句：Now that time and tide wait for no man, everyone should take action.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There is no doubt that lifelong learning enables us to overcome our difficulties and solve new problems in work and study and to meet our basic needs for survival and development.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）
【高分句型2】By constantly acquiring new knowledge, it is certain that we can continue to grow and improve.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句）
47．I was stunned about the reward. I had never placed such an ad. I knew Dad would be furious about this false claim. How could we afford $1,000 It was a huge sum for our family. We always saved money for a rainy day. But Muffin was like a family member to me. I was desperate to get her back, yet at the same time, I was extremely worried about how Dad would react.
I cried, holding the newspaper, but I quickly pulled myself together and drove to my parents’ house. When I got there, Dad was sitting at the table. He looked up at me and said, “I placed the ad, honey. I know Muffin means the world to you. Your happiness is more important than saving for a rainy day.” Hearing this, tears welled up in my eyes again. I finally understood that behind his strict money saving words, there was always a deep love for me.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了父亲一直教导作者要为不时之需存钱，作者曾因此觉得父亲不关心自己的快乐。后来作者养的狗丢了，有人要求他支付登报的1000美元报酬。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我对这笔报酬感到震惊。”可知，第一段可描写作者因没登广告而担心父亲的反应，同时又急切想找回狗的矛盾心情。
②由第二段首句内容“我拿着报纸哭了，但我很快振作起来，开车去了父母家。”可知，第二段可描写到父母家后父亲表明是自己登的广告，作者理解了父亲的爱。
2. 续写线索：震惊报酬——担心父亲反应——开车去父母家——父亲表明登广告——理解父亲的爱
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①储蓄：save/put aside
②反应：react/respond
③到达：get/reach
情绪类
①暴怒的：furious/extremely angry
②绝望的：desperate/hopeless
③担心的：worried/concerned
【点睛】[高分句型1] I knew Dad would be furious about this false claim.(运用了省略连词that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Hearing this, tears welled up in my eyes again.(运用了现在分词作时间状语)
[高分句型3] I finally understood that behind his strict money saving words, there was always a deep love for me.(运用了连词that引导的宾语从句)
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答案第1页，共2页
