Unit 6 Disaster and hope Using language 课件（共50张，内嵌视频）-高中英语外研版（2019）必修第三册（共52页PPT）

Unit 6
Disaster and hope
Learning Objectives
01
Learning Objectives
01
Grasp the key words and the phrases, and learn the usages of the Ellipsis.
03
Have a good sense of learning the Ellipsis actively and improve the students’ consciousness of cooperative learning in groups.
02
Acquire different reading skills and and listening methods, and master the key usages of the Ellipsis.
Acquire different reading skills and and listening methods, and master the key usages of the Ellipsis.
Through reading and listening, understand the principles in interpersonal communication and learn to build good interpersonal relationships through communication and exchange.
01
02
Teaching Focuses and Anticipated Difficulties
Grammar
02
Compare the two groups of sentences and answer the questions. Sentences (a) and (b) are from the reading passage.
What’s the difference between the two groups of sentences?
“Lines” has been left out in sentence (a), and “it is” has been left out in sentence (b).
What clues in the sentences help you decide which tense to use?
The author leaves them out to avoid repeating the word or expression that is too obvious, and to make the sentences more concise.
Now look for more sentences with the past future tense in the passage.
It’s lovely at the beach, but not so when you’re wearing a suit and in a crowd of passengers!
One very hot summer, the sun reflected off it and melted cars parked below!
Ellipsis—省略
省略是一种避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的语法手段。与汉语-样，英语中的省略也较为常见。
一般来说，只要不损害结构或引起歧义，能省略的地方就可以省略。
省略的意义：可使语言更加简洁，意思更加明确，句子结构更加紧凑。
1.词法上的省略
用法
介词的省略
① 一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有：
have difficulty/trouble ( in) doing sth.
be busy ( in) doing sth.
spend some time (in) doing sth.
stop/prevent sb. ( from) doing sth.
用法
替代性省略
① 省略的动词或动词加其他成分，可以用do来代替。
He speaks English more fluently than you do.
他说英语比你说得流利。
② 在believe,expect,suppose,think 和it appears/seems 后，表示同意前面说过的话时可以用so代替单词(形容词：副词)、词组或句子；表示对前面说过的话加以否定时,可以用 not 或 not...so。
—Can you finish your work today?你今天能完成工作吗?
—I think so./I don't think so./I think not.我认为能。/我认为不能。
用法
替代性省略
③"So/Nor(Neither)+谓语/助动词+主语"这一句型用来替代前面提到的情况，表明它也适用于后者。
—I don't think I can walk any further. 我认为我不能再走了
—Neither can I. Let's stop here for a rest. 我也不能了。我们在这儿停下来休息一会吧。
④省略掉的名词词组、形容词词组、从句或比较结构可用the same代替。
—I lost my bag last week. 上周我的宝丢了。
—The same happened to Mike. Mike也丢了。
用法
不定式的省略
①有些动词(词组),如want,wish,expect,hope, would like, try, forget 等后面的不定式作宾语时,为了避免重复,动词不定式符号to后面的内容常常被省略。
I asked him to eat out,but he didn't want to.我让他去外面吃但他不想去。
②两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个带to,后面的不定式可以省去to；但如果两个不定式表示对比关系时，则to不可省略。
It is easier to say than to do. 说比做容易。
用法
不定式的省略
③感官动词(词组)see, look at, hear, listen to, watch 等和使役动词 make，let, have 等后面作宾补的不定式要省略 to，但在此类动词(词组)的被动语态中，to要还原。
④作介词 but,except,besides 的宾语,且前面又有实义动词do的任何形式时,后面的不定式常省略 to。
⑤某些形容词 pleased，glad，happy等后面的不定式常省略to后的内容，但to要保留。
⑥在特殊疑问句中，why，why not后跟省略to 的动词不定式。
2. 句法上的省略
用法
简单句中的省略
① 感叹句中常省略主语和谓语。
What a hot day (it is)! 多热的天啊!
②在口语中,某些句子成分可以省略。
(Will you) Have a drink? 你喝饮料吗?
(Is there) Anything else to say? 还有别的要说吗?
2. 句法上的省略
用法
并列句中的省略
①省略共同的主语或宾语。
Mr Li picked up an ID card on the road and ( Mr i) handed it to a policeman.
李先生在路上捡了一张身份证，并把它交给了警察。
②若主语不同而助动词、情态动词相同,则省略后面的助动词或情态动词。
Jack must have been playing football and Mary( must have been)doing her homework.
杰克肯定一直在踢足球，玛丽肯定一直在做作业。
用法
并列句中的省略
③ 若主语与谓语相同，则省略后面的主语和谓语
His advice made me happy, but ( his advice made) Jim angry.
他的建议使我高兴，却使Jim 生气。
④ 若主语不同，但谓语及后续部分相同,则省略主要动词及后续部分。
I was born in winter in 2003 and Bob ( was born in winter) in 2004.
我出生于 2003 年的冬天，而Bob 出生于 2004 年的冬天。
用法
状语从句中的省略
① 在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if/as though,as, whether 等引导的状语从句中,若从句谓语是be动词的某种形式,而从句主语又跟主句的主语相同或从句主语是it时,则从句中的主语和 be 动词常被省略。
Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street.
横穿街道的时候要当心车辆。
用法
状语从句中的省略
② 在as/so...as..., than, however, whatever, no matter what等引导的从句中常省略某些成分。
I’m taller than he (is).
③ 在if it is possible, when it is necessary 等类似结构中，it is 常可省略。
用法
定语从句与名词性从句中的省略
① 在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后的关系代词 whom，which，that等可省略;that在先行词way后作方式状语时可省略。
He is the man (whom/who/that) you can depend on.他是你能信赖的人。
② 在know, think, consider, suppose, find, believe, say, decide 等动词后面所接的宾语从句中，连词that 可以省略；若带有多个宾语从句，只有第一个that 可以省略，其余的则不能省略。
He said (that) the text was very important and that we should memorize it.
他说这篇课文非常重要，我们应该把它记下来。
用法
定语从句与名词性从句中的省略
③ 在由which，when，where，how，why等引导的宾语从句中，有时引导词后的从句可全部或部分省略。
She will come back ,but he doesn't know when (she will come back).
她会回来的，可是他不知道她什么时候会回来。
④在与 suggest,request，order，advise(表示建议、要求、命令时)等相关的名词性从句中,应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用"should+动词原形"的形式,should 可以省略。
It is suggested that we (should) go to see the film. 有人建议我们去看这部电影。
Exercise
(1) They made up their mind that they　　 　　（buy）a new house once Larry changed jobs.
(2) She said that the train 　 　　　（leave）at six the next morning.
(3) At college，Barack Obama didn’t know that he was 　　 　　（become）the first black
president of the United States of America.
(4) James has just arrived，but I didn’t know he 　　　 　（come）until yesterday.
(5) I 　　 　（come）to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.
was leaving
would buy
to become
was coming/would come
was coming/would come
rely on/upon sb./sth.=depend on sb./sth.
信赖某人/某事物,依靠某人/某事物
rely on/upon it that...=depend on it that...
相信...…(it 是形式宾语,that 后的宾语从句是真正的宾语)
练习：现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排工作。
_____________________________________________________
These days,we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.
1. reliable
rescue team/worker/boat 救援队/救援人员/救援船
come/go to sb.'srescue 来/去救某人
rescue...from...把……从……解救出来
练习：
正是在地导游的帮助下，那位登山者才获救。
It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber _____________.
was rescued
2. rescue
strike sb.+介词+the+表示身体部位的名词 击打某人的......
It strikes sb. that...某人突然想到……
strike sb.as(being)sth.给某人以某种印象
be struck by...被……打动
be (out) on strike 在罢工
go on strike 举行罢工
练习： 我突然想起家里没人。_________________________________________.
It struck me that there was no one at home.
3. strike
claim that...声称…
claim to do sth.声称做某事
claim sth.from sb.(for sth.) (因…)向某人索要…
claim sth.back 索要回某物
put in/make a claim for sth.提出……的赔偿要求;要求……的赔偿
练习： 这名歌手否认了那家杂志的说法。_________________________________________.
The singer has denied the magazine's claim.
4. claim
threaten to do sth. 威胁要做某事
threaten sb.with sth. 用某物威胁某人
threaten(that)... 威胁......
threatening adj. 恐吓的，威胁的
threat n. 威胁
threatened adj. 受到威胁的
练习： 他扬言要把他们告上法庭_________________________________________.
He threatened to take them to court.
5. threaten
Activity 2
Read the paragraph and find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words.
Technology isn’t the only way to forecast the weather. Nature has its ways (____________________), too. Unusual animal behavior, for example, can indicate whether it’s cold, wet weather that’s on the way or a hot, dry period (_________________). If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly (_________), it may rain. And next time you look up at the sky, don’t just look for rain clouds, but also (______) for birds.
to forecast the weather
that’s on the way
than usual
look
Activity 2
Read the paragraph and find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words.
If they are flying low, grab your umbrella. It is also said that mice and snakes head for safer ground several days before an earthquake, while dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching. Of course, although these things may suggest something bad is going to happen, they won’t tell us when (______________________________) and where (_____________________________). So, for accurate and reliable predictions, it’s best to check an official, scientific report.
something bad it going to happen
something bad it going to happen
Activity 3
Remove words from the news report to make it more concise.
Activity 3
Remove words from the news report to make it more concise.
The 8.1-magnitude earthquake that hit Nepal on 25 April 2015, was one of the worst earthquakes in history. On hearing the news, China was quick to start organising emergency aid.
International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country. Amongst all the international heavy rescue teams, the China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was the first international heavy rescue team to arrive.
Activity 3
Remove words from the news report to make it more concise.
Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts. By early May, emergency aid worth 9.7 million US dollars had been donated by China, with a further round of emergency aid to follow.
Activity 4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
drought
typhoon
blizzard
tsunami
wildfire
avalanche
earthquake
Activity 4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1. Which one do you think is the most dangerous?
2. Can you name some big natural disasters in history?
I think all of them are dangerous.
The earthquake happened in 2008 in Sichuan, China; the tsunami happened in 2004 in Indonesia.
In August 1949, the Landes region of South-west France faced a major ________ that lasted almost a week. Some 500 km? of forested land was burnt and 82 people killed. Even today, it is considered one of Europe’s most deadly forest fires.
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
In 1881, an __________ struck the small Vietnamese city of Haiphong, bringing terrible strong winds. When it hit the coast, huge tidal waves caused severe flood, costing the lives of up to 300,000 citizens.
typhoon
wildfire
In 1960, Chile suffered the strongest ____________ to be recorded in the 20th century. The shock is generally agreed to have had a magnitude of 9.5. It caused a(n) _______ with waves of up to 25 metres affecting places as far away as Hawaii and Japan.
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
The winter of 1950 to 1951 came to be known as the Winter of Terror when over 600 ___________ struck towns and villages in the mountains of the Swiss-Austrian Alps. Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
avalanches
earthquake
tsunami
In July 2011, a(n) __________ struck East Africa. It was said to be the worst in 60 years, and not a single drop of rain fell for almost a whole year. It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
A(n) _________ hit Iran in February 1972, causing a week of extremely low temperatures. Winter storms brought as much as 7.9 metres of snow in the south of the country, resulting in the deaths of about 4,000 people.
blizzard
drought
Extreme weather conditions
Activity 7
Listen to the weather forecast and match the weather symbols to the locations on the map.
c
e
d
a
b
When listening to a weather forecast, pay attention to the following information:
temperature levels
descriptions of forthcoming weather conditions
weather warnings
learning to learn
Activity 8
Listen again and complete the form.
You will need _________________.
Temperatures will stay around ______℃.
Anchorage
Temperatures are really high and it’s probably hot enough to ____________________.
Be sure to __________________ if you or others have symptoms of heatstroke.
Phoenix
warm clothes
-15
fry meat on the road
get medical attention
Activity 8
Listen again and complete the form.
It’s _________ season and there will be a big one across the Atlantic.
Stay ___________ and listen out for the latest forecasts.
Houston
Temperatures are going to stay around _______℃.
Don’t drive __________________!
Washington, DC
hurricane
safe indoors
13
through floodwaters
Activity 8
Listen again and complete the form.
Temperatures are going to be around ______℃.
People are suffering from __________ which are causing damage and loss.
San Francisco
25
wildfires
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
how long the rainstorms have lasted
the effect of the rainstorms on his / her city
how to cope during rainstorms and floods
what you can do to help
how the weather has changed over recent years
student A
You learn from a TV report that Student B’s city has been suffering from rainstorms and floods. Call Student B to check if he / she is safe and ask about the weather. Information you’d like to know:
Activity 9
student B
Your city has been suffering from rainstorms and floods. Student A calls you to check you are safe and ask about the weather. Give him / her the information.
Duration: about five days
Effect: no electricity; shortage of food and drinking water; damage to property
Exercise
03
As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ________ (record) everything I discovered.
After ________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ________, through agriculture.
China's approach to protecting its environment while ________ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
recording
spending
in
feeding
1. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _____.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
2. —Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
—________.
A. I believe not so B. I believe not C. I don’t believe D. I don’t believe it
3. —Will you go home tomorrow morning?
—No, I’m going to a lecture, or at least I am planning ____.
A. to B. so C. it D. that
4. —Mary must look like a very pretty girl.
—Yes, I imagine _____.
A. it B. her C. so D. to
A
B
A
C
Homework
04
Homework
1. Choose another extreme weather condition and have a similar conversation;
2. summarise what we have learnt in this lesson;
3. prepare for the next lesson.
See you
next class!